diff --git a/src/components/ui/Tabs.test.tsx b/src/components/ui/Tabs.test.tsx
index aca1135..b90a92e 100644
--- a/src/components/ui/Tabs.test.tsx
+++ b/src/components/ui/Tabs.test.tsx
@@ -81,6 +81,37 @@ describe("Tabs — count badge", () => {
   });
 });
 
+describe("Tabs — aria-controls only on the active tab (#710)", () => {
+  it("sets aria-controls on the active tab", () => {
+    render(<Tabs tabs={sampleTabs} active="active" onChange={() => {}} />);
+    expect(screen.getByRole("tab", { name: "Active" })).toHaveAttribute(
+      "aria-controls",
+      "tabpanel-active",
+    );
+  });
+
+  it("omits aria-controls on inactive tabs, since their tabpanel isn't in the DOM", () => {
+    render(<Tabs tabs={sampleTabs} active="active" onChange={() => {}} />);
+    expect(screen.getByRole("tab", { name: "Completed" })).not.toHaveAttribute(
+      "aria-controls",
+    );
+    expect(screen.getByRole("tab", { name: "Archived" })).not.toHaveAttribute(
+      "aria-controls",
+    );
+  });
+
+  it("moves aria-controls to whichever tab becomes active", () => {
+    render(<Tabs tabs={sampleTabs} active="completed" onChange={() => {}} />);
+    expect(screen.getByRole("tab", { name: "Completed" })).toHaveAttribute(
+      "aria-controls",
+      "tabpanel-completed",
+    );
+    expect(screen.getByRole("tab", { name: "Active" })).not.toHaveAttribute(
+      "aria-controls",
+    );
+  });
+});
+
 describe("Tabs — keyboard navigation (#24)", () => {
   const threeTabs = [
     { key: "first", label: "First" },
diff --git a/src/components/ui/Tabs.tsx b/src/components/ui/Tabs.tsx
index a5236b0..ac0a972 100644
--- a/src/components/ui/Tabs.tsx
+++ b/src/components/ui/Tabs.tsx
@@ -79,7 +79,13 @@ export function Tabs<T extends string>({
             role="tab"
             id={`tab-${tab.key}`}
             aria-selected={isActive}
-            aria-controls={`tabpanel-${tab.key}`}
+            // Only the active tab's panel actually exists in the DOM (a
+            // consumer like ContributorDashboardClient renders just the one
+            // tabpanel matching the current tab). aria-controls on an
+            // inactive tab pointed at a missing id -- an ARIA reference
+            // error flagged by axe and confusing for assistive tech
+            // following the relationship (#710).
+            aria-controls={isActive ? `tabpanel-${tab.key}` : undefined}
             tabIndex={isActive ? 0 : -1}
             onClick={() => onChange(tab.key)}
             onKeyDown={(e) => handleKeyDown(e, tab.key)}