diff --git a/src/Pages/v9/BackOffice/Login/Page.php b/src/Pages/v9/BackOffice/Login/Page.php
index a62d8d6..afa1bd7 100644
--- a/src/Pages/v9/BackOffice/Login/Page.php
+++ b/src/Pages/v9/BackOffice/Login/Page.php
@@ -54,11 +54,41 @@ public function login($email = null, $password = null, $waitForNavigation = true
         if ($waitForNavigation) {
             $this->click($this->getSelector('submitLoginButton'));
             $this->waitForPageReload();
+            $this->waitForLoginOutcome();
         } else {
             $this->click($this->getSelector('submitLoginButton'));
         }
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Wait until the login has an outcome: the logout link (session open) or
+     * an error alert with text in it (credentials refused).
+     *
+     * waitForPageReload() alone is a fixed 10 s, and isLoggedIn() then looks
+     * for 5 s more. The first dashboard after a cache clear can take longer
+     * than that on a loaded CI runner: the session was open, the dashboard was
+     * still loading, and the login was reported as refused (PS 9.2, reproduced
+     * with a CPU-throttled shop). Waiting on the outcome costs nothing when
+     * the shop is fast — either signal ends the wait as soon as it shows — and
+     * the ceiling is only reached by a shop that is actually broken.
+     *
+     * The alert must have TEXT: 1.7 and 8 ship an empty .alert-danger in the
+     * login page (see getLoginError()). Returns whether an outcome was seen;
+     * callers still assert with isLoggedIn() / getLoginError().
+     */
+    public function waitForLoginOutcome(int $timeout = 60000, int $interval = 200): bool
+    {
+        return $this->waitForJsCondition(
+            sprintf(
+                '!!document.querySelector(%s) || (function(){var e=document.querySelector(%s);return !!e && e.textContent.trim() !== "";})()',
+                json_encode($this->getSelector('logoutLink')),
+                json_encode($this->getSelector('alertDangerTextBlock'))
+            ),
+            $timeout,
+            $interval
+        );
+    }
+
     /**
      * Whether an employee session is actually open.
      *
diff --git a/src/Tests/VisualTestsSuite.php b/src/Tests/VisualTestsSuite.php
index 453e7b5..a63d3f0 100644
--- a/src/Tests/VisualTestsSuite.php
+++ b/src/Tests/VisualTestsSuite.php
@@ -418,9 +418,10 @@ protected function ensureBackOfficeLogin(?object $login): void
                 }
                 $login->login(); // identifiants des globals BO_EMAIL / BO_PASSWD
                 if (!$login->isLoggedIn()) {
-                    $error = $this->readNow($login, sprintf('(function(){var e=document.querySelector(%s);return e?e.textContent:"";})()', json_encode((string) $login->getSelector('alertDangerDiv'))));
-                    $error = trim(is_string($error) ? $error : '');
-                    throw new \RuntimeException('identifiants refusés ou page inattendue'.($error !== '' ? ' : '.$error : ''));
+                    // 9.2 : .alert-text, sans le bouton de fermeture (« close ») ; 1.7 et 8 : l'alerte entière.
+                    $error = $this->readNow($login, sprintf('(function(){var e=document.querySelector(%s);if(!e)return "";return (e.querySelector(".alert-text")||e).textContent;})()', json_encode((string) $login->getSelector('alertDangerDiv'))));
+                    $error = trim(preg_replace('/\s+/', ' ', is_string($error) ? $error : ''));
+                    throw new \RuntimeException('identifiants refusés ou page inattendue'.($error !== '' ? ' : '.$error : $this->whereIs($login)));
                 }
                 $this->boLoggedIn = true;
 
@@ -433,6 +434,17 @@ protected function ensureBackOfficeLogin(?object $login): void
         throw new \RuntimeException('Connexion au back-office impossible : '.$this->boLoginError);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Sans alerte, la connexion n'a pas été refusée : l'onglet est ailleurs. On
+     * donne le chemin et le contrôleur, jamais le jeton de l'URL.
+     */
+    protected function whereIs(object $page): string
+    {
+        $where = $this->readNow($page, '(function(){var c=new URLSearchParams(location.search).get("controller");return location.pathname+(c?"?controller="+c:"");})()');
+
+        return is_string($where) && $where !== '' ? ' (page : '.$where.')' : '';
+    }
+
     /** Formulaire de connexion affiché sur la page courante (lu sans attendre, sélecteur de la page Login). */
     protected function loginFormPresent(object $page, ?object $login): bool
     {
diff --git a/tests/Unit/Pages/BackOfficeLoginOutcomeTest.php b/tests/Unit/Pages/BackOfficeLoginOutcomeTest.php
new file mode 100644
index 0000000..0a2263d
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/Unit/Pages/BackOfficeLoginOutcomeTest.php
@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace PrestaFlow\Tests\Unit\Pages;
+
+use PHPUnit\Framework\TestCase;
+use PrestaFlow\Library\Pages\v9\BackOffice\Login\Page as LoginPage;
+
+final class FakeLoginOutcomeEvaluation
+{
+    public function __construct(private mixed $value)
+    {
+    }
+
+    public function getReturnValue(?int $timeout = null): mixed
+    {
+        return $this->value;
+    }
+}
+
+final class FakeLoginOutcomeBrowserPage
+{
+    public function __construct(private FakeLoginOutcomePage $owner)
+    {
+    }
+
+    public function evaluate(string $js): FakeLoginOutcomeEvaluation
+    {
+        $this->owner->polls++;
+        $this->owner->evaluated[] = $js;
+
+        return new FakeLoginOutcomeEvaluation($this->owner->settled());
+    }
+}
+
+/**
+ * Test double for a login whose next page is slow: the outcome (session open,
+ * or error shown) only becomes visible after $settlesOnPoll polls. A cold
+ * dashboard on a loaded CI runner took longer than the old fixed 10 s + 5 s.
+ */
+final class FakeLoginOutcomePage extends LoginPage
+{
+    public int $polls = 0;
+    public int $settlesOnPoll = 3;
+    public bool $neverSettles = false;
+    public array $evaluated = [];
+    public array $log = [];
+
+    public function settled(): bool
+    {
+        return !$this->neverSettles && $this->polls >= $this->settlesOnPoll;
+    }
+
+    public function getPage()
+    {
+        return new FakeLoginOutcomeBrowserPage($this);
+    }
+
+    public function setValue($selector, $value)
+    {
+        $this->log[] = 'set '.$selector;
+    }
+
+    public function click($selector, $nth = 1)
+    {
+        $this->log[] = 'click '.$selector;
+    }
+
+    public function waitForPageReload()
+    {
+        $this->log[] = 'reload';
+    }
+}
+
+final class BackOfficeLoginOutcomeTest extends TestCase
+{
+    private function page(): FakeLoginOutcomePage
+    {
+        return new FakeLoginOutcomePage(
+            locale: 'en',
+            patchVersion: '9.2.0',
+            globals: [
+                'PS_VERSION' => '9.2.0',
+                'LOCALE' => 'en',
+                'PREFIX_LOCALE' => false,
+                'BO' => ['URL' => 'http://localhost/admin-dev/', 'EMAIL' => 'a@b.c', 'PASSWD' => 'x'],
+                'FO' => ['URL' => 'http://localhost/', 'EMAIL' => 'a@b.c', 'PASSWD' => 'x'],
+                'DEBUG' => false,
+                'VERBOSE' => false,
+            ],
+            customs: []
+        );
+    }
+
+    public function testASlowOutcomeIsWaitedFor(): void
+    {
+        $page = $this->page();
+        $page->settlesOnPoll = 4;
+
+        $this->assertTrue($page->waitForLoginOutcome(2000, 1));
+        $this->assertSame(4, $page->polls);
+    }
+
+    public function testTheOutcomeIsTheLogoutLinkOrAFilledErrorAlert(): void
+    {
+        $page = $this->page();
+        $page->settlesOnPoll = 1;
+
+        $page->waitForLoginOutcome(2000, 1);
+
+        $js = $page->evaluated[0];
+        $this->assertStringContainsString('#header_logout', $js);
+        $this->assertStringContainsString('.alert-danger', $js);
+        // An empty alert container (1.7 / 8 ship one) is not an outcome.
+        $this->assertStringContainsString('textContent', $js);
+    }
+
+    public function testAnOutcomeThatNeverComesReturnsFalseRatherThanThrowing(): void
+    {
+        $page = $this->page();
+        $page->neverSettles = true;
+
+        $this->assertFalse($page->waitForLoginOutcome(150, 10));
+        $this->assertGreaterThan(1, $page->polls);
+    }
+
+    public function testLoginWaitsForTheOutcomeAfterTheReload(): void
+    {
+        $page = $this->page();
+        $page->settlesOnPoll = 2;
+
+        $page->login();
+
+        $this->assertSame(['set #email', 'set #passwd', 'click #submit_login', 'reload'], $page->log);
+        $this->assertSame(2, $page->polls, 'login() must poll until the outcome is visible');
+    }
+
+    public function testLoginWithoutNavigationWaitDoesNotWait(): void
+    {
+        $page = $this->page();
+
+        $page->login(waitForNavigation: false);
+
+        $this->assertSame(['set #email', 'set #passwd', 'click #submit_login'], $page->log);
+        $this->assertSame(0, $page->polls);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/tests/Unit/Visual/VisualTestsSuiteBackOfficeTest.php b/tests/Unit/Visual/VisualTestsSuiteBackOfficeTest.php
index 0437f49..589eaac 100644
--- a/tests/Unit/Visual/VisualTestsSuiteBackOfficeTest.php
+++ b/tests/Unit/Visual/VisualTestsSuiteBackOfficeTest.php
@@ -17,11 +17,13 @@ protected function setUp(): void
         $this->chrome = new class {
             public bool $form = true;
             public string $error = '';
+            public string $location = '';
             public function evaluate(string $js): object
             {
                 $value = match (true) {
                     str_contains($js, '#email') => $this->form,
                     str_contains($js, '.alert-danger') => $this->error,
+                    str_contains($js, 'location.pathname') => $this->location,
                     default => null,
                 };
 
@@ -351,6 +353,36 @@ public function test_refused_login_reports_the_form_error(): void
         );
     }
 
+    public function test_refused_login_reports_the_form_error_on_one_line(): void
+    {
+        // 9.2 : bouton de fermeture puis .alert-text, sur plusieurs lignes ; seule
+        // la première ligne (« close ») apparaissait dans le rapport.
+        $this->chrome->error = "\n  The employee does not exist,\n   or the password provided is incorrect.\n";
+        $log = new \ArrayObject();
+        $s = $this->suite(page: $this->page($log), login: $this->login($log, ok: false), checkpoints: [['name' => 'dashboard']]);
+        $s->init();
+
+        $this->assertSame(
+            ['capture visuelle : dashboard' => 'Connexion au back-office impossible : identifiants refusés ou page inattendue : The employee does not exist, or the password provided is incorrect.'],
+            $this->runSteps($s)
+        );
+    }
+
+    public function test_unexpected_page_reports_where_the_browser_is(): void
+    {
+        // Pas d'alerte : la connexion n'a pas été refusée, l'onglet est ailleurs.
+        // Le chemin et le contrôleur suffisent au diagnostic, pas le jeton.
+        $this->chrome->location = '/admin-dev/?controller=AdminDashboard';
+        $log = new \ArrayObject();
+        $s = $this->suite(page: $this->page($log), login: $this->login($log, ok: false), checkpoints: [['name' => 'dashboard']]);
+        $s->init();
+
+        $this->assertSame(
+            ['capture visuelle : dashboard' => 'Connexion au back-office impossible : identifiants refusés ou page inattendue (page : /admin-dev/?controller=AdminDashboard)'],
+            $this->runSteps($s)
+        );
+    }
+
     public function test_failed_checkpoint_forces_navigation_on_next_one_with_same_target(): void
     {
         $log = new \ArrayObject();