diff --git a/tests/Support/TracingQueueErrorDiagnostics.php b/tests/Support/TracingQueueErrorDiagnostics.php
index 8260b222..0d68c298 100644
--- a/tests/Support/TracingQueueErrorDiagnostics.php
+++ b/tests/Support/TracingQueueErrorDiagnostics.php
@@ -52,4 +52,34 @@ public static function isFailedJobLogContention(array $error): bool
                 && ($frame['file'] ?? null) === 'WorkCommand.php'
                 && ($frame['function'] ?? null) === 'logFailedJob') !== [];
     }
+
+    public static function isQueueDispatchContention(array $error): bool
+    {
+        $code = $error['native_code'] ?? null;
+        if (
+            ($error['error_class'] ?? null) !== QueryException::class
+            || ! is_int($code) || $code < 0 || ! in_array($code & 255, [5, 6], true)
+            || ($error['operation'] ?? null) !== 'insert'
+            || ($error['transaction_level'] ?? null) !== 0
+            || ($error['pdo_in_transaction'] ?? null) !== false
+            || ! array_key_exists('ack_fence', $error) || $error['ack_fence'] !== null
+            || ($error['statement_truncated'] ?? null) !== false
+            || ($error['statement'] ?? null) !== 'insert into "jobs" '
+                . '("queue", "attempts", "reserved_at", "available_at", "created_at", "payload") values (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)'
+        ) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        $frames = $error['stage_frames'] ?? [];
+        if (! is_array($frames)) {
+            return false;
+        }
+
+        return array_filter($frames, static fn (mixed $frame): bool => is_array($frame)
+            && ($frame['file'] ?? null) === 'DatabaseQueue.php'
+            && ($frame['function'] ?? null) === 'insertGetId') !== []
+            && array_filter($frames, static fn (mixed $frame): bool => is_array($frame)
+                && ($frame['file'] ?? null) === 'DatabaseQueue.php'
+                && ($frame['function'] ?? null) === 'pushToDatabase') !== [];
+    }
 }
diff --git a/tests/Unit/V2/LargeFanOutExecutionTracingTest.php b/tests/Unit/V2/LargeFanOutExecutionTracingTest.php
index 23bec5c2..7c533c2f 100644
--- a/tests/Unit/V2/LargeFanOutExecutionTracingTest.php
+++ b/tests/Unit/V2/LargeFanOutExecutionTracingTest.php
@@ -181,7 +181,8 @@ private static function assertQueuePressureError(array $error, bool $reported, s
         self::assertIsInt($error['native_code'], $diagnostic);
         self::assertContains($error['native_code'] & 255, [5, 6], $diagnostic);
         self::assertTrue(in_array($error['operation'], ['update', 'delete'], true)
-            || ($reported && TracingQueueErrorDiagnostics::isFailedJobLogContention($error)), $diagnostic);
+            || ($reported && (TracingQueueErrorDiagnostics::isFailedJobLogContention($error)
+                || TracingQueueErrorDiagnostics::isQueueDispatchContention($error))), $diagnostic);
         self::assertSame(0, $error['transaction_level'], $diagnostic);
         self::assertFalse($error['pdo_in_transaction'], $diagnostic);
     }
diff --git a/tests/Unit/V2/TracingQueueErrorDiagnosticsTest.php b/tests/Unit/V2/TracingQueueErrorDiagnosticsTest.php
index 9d1b829c..6f00fa6b 100644
--- a/tests/Unit/V2/TracingQueueErrorDiagnosticsTest.php
+++ b/tests/Unit/V2/TracingQueueErrorDiagnosticsTest.php
@@ -114,6 +114,80 @@ public static function unsafeRefusals(): array
         ];
     }
 
+    public function testOnlyKnownQueueDispatchContentionIsClassified(): void
+    {
+        $error = self::queueDispatchRefusal();
+        foreach ([5, 6, 517] as $code) {
+            $error['native_code'] = $code;
+            self::assertTrue(TracingQueueErrorDiagnostics::isQueueDispatchContention($error));
+        }
+        unset($error['ack_fence']);
+        self::assertFalse(TracingQueueErrorDiagnostics::isQueueDispatchContention($error));
+    }
+
+    #[DataProvider('unsafeQueueDispatchReports')]
+    public function testOtherQueueDispatchErrorsRemainRefusals(array $changes): void
+    {
+        self::assertFalse(TracingQueueErrorDiagnostics::isQueueDispatchContention(
+            array_replace(self::queueDispatchRefusal(), $changes),
+        ));
+    }
+
+    public static function unsafeQueueDispatchReports(): array
+    {
+        return self::unsafeRefusals() + [
+            'other exception' => [[
+                'error_class' => RuntimeException::class,
+            ]],
+            'untyped sqlite code' => [[
+                'native_code' => '5',
+            ]],
+            'invalid negative sqlite code' => [[
+                'native_code' => -251,
+            ]],
+            'acknowledgment instead of dispatch' => [[
+                'operation' => 'delete',
+            ]],
+            'unexpected acknowledgment fence' => [[
+                'ack_fence' => [1, 'default', 10, 1],
+            ]],
+            'missing producer frame' => [[
+                'stage_frames' => [[
+                    'file' => 'DatabaseQueue.php',
+                    'function' => 'insertGetId',
+                ]],
+            ]],
+            'missing insert frame' => [[
+                'stage_frames' => [[
+                    'file' => 'DatabaseQueue.php',
+                    'function' => 'pushToDatabase',
+                ]],
+            ]],
+        ];
+    }
+
+    private static function queueDispatchRefusal(): array
+    {
+        return [
+            'error_class' => QueryException::class,
+            'native_code' => 5,
+            'operation' => 'insert',
+            'transaction_level' => 0,
+            'pdo_in_transaction' => false,
+            'ack_fence' => null,
+            'statement_truncated' => false,
+            'statement' => 'insert into "jobs" '
+                . '("queue", "attempts", "reserved_at", "available_at", "created_at", "payload") values (?, ?, ?, ?, ?, ?)',
+            'stage_frames' => [[
+                'file' => 'DatabaseQueue.php',
+                'function' => 'insertGetId',
+            ], [
+                'file' => 'DatabaseQueue.php',
+                'function' => 'pushToDatabase',
+            ]],
+        ];
+    }
+
     private static function failedJobLogRefusal(): array
     {
         return [