diff --git a/.github/workflows/ci.yml b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
index 7f4018ab..bd3d31b4 100644
--- a/.github/workflows/ci.yml
+++ b/.github/workflows/ci.yml
@@ -52,6 +52,43 @@ jobs:
       - name: Lancer la suite de tests
         run: php artisan test
 
+  static-analysis:
+    name: Analyse statique (PHPStan)
+    runs-on: ubuntu-latest
+
+    steps:
+      - uses: actions/checkout@v4
+
+      - name: Configurer PHP
+        uses: shivammathur/setup-php@v2
+        with:
+          php-version: '8.3'
+          extensions: pdo_sqlite, sqlite3, mbstring, zip, gd, intl, bcmath
+          coverage: none
+
+      # `.env` doit exister AVANT composer install : le script post-autoload-dump
+      # (`package:discover`) boote l'application.
+      - name: Préparer l'environnement
+        run: |
+          cp .env.example .env
+          touch database/database.sqlite
+
+      - name: Cache des dépendances Composer
+        uses: actions/cache@v4
+        with:
+          path: vendor
+          key: composer-${{ hashFiles('composer.lock') }}
+          restore-keys: composer-
+
+      - name: Installer les dépendances
+        run: composer install --no-interaction --prefer-dist --no-progress
+
+      - name: Générer la clé applicative
+        run: php artisan key:generate
+
+      - name: Lancer PHPStan
+        run: composer analyse
+
   frontend:
     name: Front (types & build)
     runs-on: ubuntu-latest
diff --git a/CHANGELOG.md b/CHANGELOG.md
index 8b44e4cc..10233476 100644
--- a/CHANGELOG.md
+++ b/CHANGELOG.md
@@ -4,6 +4,30 @@ Toutes les évolutions notables de **Dalibi** sont consignées ici.
 Le format suit [Keep a Changelog](https://keepachangelog.com/fr/1.1.0/) et le versionnage
 respecte [SemVer](https://semver.org/lang/fr/).
 
+## [1.0.2] — 2026-11-13
+
+### Ajouté
+- **Internationalisation (i18n)** : bascule complète **français / anglais** de l'ensemble
+  des modules (interface, écrans et composants partagés), avec fichiers de langue dédiés
+  et partage des traductions côté client via Inertia.
+
+### Sécurité
+- Montée des dépendances résorbant **67 avis de sécurité** (`composer audit` désormais
+  vierge), dont le **bypass d'authentification TokenGuard** de Laravel
+  ([CVE-2026-114509](https://cve.mitre.org/cgi-bin/cvename.cgi?name=CVE-2026-114509),
+  critique — pertinent pour l'auth par jeton du portail) : Laravel 12.72, Symfony 7.4.23,
+  Guzzle 7.16, CommonMark 2.10, dompdf 3.1.6, ainsi que les montées majeures
+  phpoffice/phpspreadsheet 5 et maatwebsite/excel 4.
+
+### Qualité & documentation
+- **Analyse statique** : intégration de **PHPStan / Larastan niveau 5** avec étape CI
+  dédiée, puis résorption **intégrale de la dette** (463 → 0 erreur, sans fichier
+  *baseline*) — typage générique des relations Eloquent, formes des résultats d'agrégats,
+  authentification multi-modèle du portail (élève / tuteur).
+- Corrections de **bugs réels** mis au jour par l'analyse : contrainte `withSum` ignorée
+  sur les totaux de caisse, libellé d'archive d'élève vide, positionnement de colonne en
+  migration, comparaison d'identifiant UUID, accès nullsafe rétablis sur les seeders.
+
 ## [1.0.1] — 2026-10-11
 
 ### Ajouté
diff --git a/app/Concerns/Auditable.php b/app/Concerns/Auditable.php
index 5cbb81f2..ae1a097b 100644
--- a/app/Concerns/Auditable.php
+++ b/app/Concerns/Auditable.php
@@ -3,7 +3,6 @@
 namespace App\Concerns;
 
 use App\Models\AuditLog;
-use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
 
 /**
  * Enregistre automatiquement les créations / modifications / suppressions
@@ -16,9 +15,9 @@ trait Auditable
 {
     public static function bootAuditable(): void
     {
-        static::created(fn (Model $model) => $model->recordAudit('created', null, $model->auditableAttributes()));
+        static::created(fn (self $model) => $model->recordAudit('created', null, $model->auditableAttributes()));
 
-        static::updated(function (Model $model): void {
+        static::updated(function (self $model): void {
             $changed = array_keys($model->getChanges());
             $keys = array_diff($changed, $model->auditExcluded());
             if ($keys === []) {
@@ -31,7 +30,7 @@ public static function bootAuditable(): void
             $model->recordAudit('updated', $old, $new);
         });
 
-        static::deleted(fn (Model $model) => $model->recordAudit('deleted', $model->auditableAttributes(), null));
+        static::deleted(fn (self $model) => $model->recordAudit('deleted', $model->auditableAttributes(), null));
     }
 
     /** Champs exclus du journal (secrets et bruit). */
diff --git a/app/Console/Commands/GenerateStudentMatricule.php b/app/Console/Commands/GenerateStudentMatricule.php
index e8f82061..8ead8a84 100644
--- a/app/Console/Commands/GenerateStudentMatricule.php
+++ b/app/Console/Commands/GenerateStudentMatricule.php
@@ -3,8 +3,8 @@
 namespace App\Console\Commands;
 
 use App\Models\Student;
-use App\Services\MatriculeService;
 use Illuminate\Console\Command;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection;
 
 class GenerateStudentMatricule extends Command
 {
@@ -13,10 +13,10 @@ class GenerateStudentMatricule extends Command
      *
      * @var string
      */
-    protected $signature = 'matricule:generate-student 
+    protected $signature = 'matricule:generate-student
                             {--class-id= : ID de la classe}
                             {--all : Générer pour tous les élèves}
-                            {--registration : Générer aussi les numéros d\'enregistrement}
+                            {--matricule : Générer aussi les matricules des élèves}
                             {--force : Forcer la régénération}';
 
     /**
@@ -31,10 +31,9 @@ class GenerateStudentMatricule extends Command
      */
     public function handle(): int
     {
-        $matriculeService = app(MatriculeService::class);
+        $withStudentMatricule = (bool) $this->option('matricule');
 
         if ($this->option('all')) {
-            // Générer pour tous les élèves
             $students = Student::all();
 
             if ($students->isEmpty()) {
@@ -44,28 +43,7 @@ public function handle(): int
             }
 
             $this->info("Génération des matricules pour {$students->count()} élèves...");
-
-            $progressBar = $this->output->createProgressBar($students->count());
-            $progressBar->start();
-
-            foreach ($students as $student) {
-                // Générer matricule de l'utilisateur
-                if (! $student->user->natricule) {
-                    $student->user->natricule = $student->user->generateMatricule();
-                    $student->user->save();
-                }
-
-                // Générer numéro d'enregistrement
-                if (! $student->registration_number) {
-                    $student->registration_number = $student->generateRegistrationNumber();
-                    $student->save();
-                }
-
-                $progressBar->advance();
-            }
-
-            $progressBar->finish();
-            $this->newLine();
+            $this->backfillMatricules($students, $withStudentMatricule);
             $this->info('✅ Matricules générés avec succès!');
 
             return 0;
@@ -88,18 +66,32 @@ public function handle(): int
         }
 
         $this->info("Génération pour {$students->count()} élèves...");
+        $this->backfillMatricules($students, $withStudentMatricule);
+        $this->info('✅ Matricules générés avec succès!');
 
+        return 0;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Génère les matricules manquants pour un lot d'élèves.
+     *
+     * @param  Collection<int, Student>  $students
+     */
+    private function backfillMatricules(Collection $students, bool $withStudentMatricule): void
+    {
         $progressBar = $this->output->createProgressBar($students->count());
         $progressBar->start();
 
         foreach ($students as $student) {
+            // Matricule du compte utilisateur associé.
             if (! $student->user->natricule) {
                 $student->user->natricule = $student->user->generateMatricule();
                 $student->user->save();
             }
 
-            if (! $student->registration_number) {
-                $student->registration_number = $student->generateRegistrationNumber();
+            // Matricule de l'élève (optionnel, via --matricule).
+            if ($withStudentMatricule && empty($student->matricule)) {
+                $student->matricule = $student->generateMatricule();
                 $student->save();
             }
 
@@ -108,8 +100,5 @@ public function handle(): int
 
         $progressBar->finish();
         $this->newLine();
-        $this->info('✅ Matricules générés avec succès!');
-
-        return 0;
     }
 }
diff --git a/app/Constants/Locales.php b/app/Constants/Locales.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..20786f3b
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/Constants/Locales.php
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace App\Constants;
+
+/**
+ * Langues prises en charge par l'application (interface).
+ *
+ * Ajouter une langue = ajouter une entrée ici + les fichiers `lang/{code}/*.php`.
+ */
+class Locales
+{
+    /** Code de la langue par défaut. */
+    public const DEFAULT = 'fr';
+
+    /**
+     * @return array<string, array{label: string, flag: string}>
+     */
+    public static function all(): array
+    {
+        return [
+            'fr' => ['label' => 'Français', 'flag' => '🇫🇷'],
+            'en' => ['label' => 'English', 'flag' => '🇬🇧'],
+        ];
+    }
+
+    /** Codes valides (pour la validation). */
+    public static function codes(): array
+    {
+        return array_keys(self::all());
+    }
+
+    /** Le code est-il une langue prise en charge ? */
+    public static function isValid(?string $code): bool
+    {
+        return $code !== null && array_key_exists($code, self::all());
+    }
+
+    /** Libellé lisible d'un code (repli sur le code). */
+    public static function label(?string $code): string
+    {
+        $code = $code ?: self::DEFAULT;
+
+        return self::all()[$code]['label'] ?? $code;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Options prêtes pour un sélecteur côté frontend.
+     *
+     * @return array<int, array{code: string, label: string, flag: string}>
+     */
+    public static function options(): array
+    {
+        $out = [];
+        foreach (self::all() as $code => $def) {
+            $out[] = ['code' => $code, 'label' => $def['label'], 'flag' => $def['flag']];
+        }
+
+        return $out;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/app/Exports/StatisticsExport.php b/app/Exports/StatisticsExport.php
index 2a237645..6a12fc4f 100644
--- a/app/Exports/StatisticsExport.php
+++ b/app/Exports/StatisticsExport.php
@@ -3,10 +3,11 @@
 namespace App\Exports;
 
 use Illuminate\Support\Collection;
+use Maatwebsite\Excel\Concerns\Export;
 use Maatwebsite\Excel\Concerns\WithMultipleSheets;
 
 /** Construit un classeur Excel multi-feuilles à partir des données d'une section. */
-class StatisticsExport implements WithMultipleSheets
+class StatisticsExport implements Export, WithMultipleSheets
 {
     private const METHOD_LABELS = [
         'CASH' => 'Espèces',
diff --git a/app/Http/Controllers/Administration/SubjectAssignmentController.php b/app/Http/Controllers/Administration/SubjectAssignmentController.php
index 08112f6e..707d88bf 100644
--- a/app/Http/Controllers/Administration/SubjectAssignmentController.php
+++ b/app/Http/Controllers/Administration/SubjectAssignmentController.php
@@ -91,8 +91,8 @@ public function statistics(Request $request): Response
         $assignments = $selected
             ? $this->teacherAssignments($teacherId, $yearFilter)->map(fn ($a) => [
                 'id' => $a->id,
-                'subject' => $a->subject?->name ?? '—',
-                'classroom' => $a->classroom?->name ?? '—',
+                'subject' => $a->subject->name ?? '—',
+                'classroom' => $a->classroom->name ?? '—',
                 'active' => (bool) $a->active,
             ])
             : collect();
@@ -143,7 +143,7 @@ public function exportStatistics(Request $request)
             'assignments' => $this->teacherAssignments($teacher->id, $yearId),
         ])->setPaper('a4', 'portrait');
 
-        return $pdf->stream('affectations-'.Str::slug(trim($teacher->firstname.' '.$teacher->lastname).'-'.($year?->year ?? '')).'.pdf');
+        return $pdf->stream('affectations-'.Str::slug(trim($teacher->firstname.' '.$teacher->lastname).'-'.($year->year ?? '')).'.pdf');
     }
 
     /** Identifiant de l'année académique active (la plus récente marquée active). */
@@ -170,7 +170,7 @@ private function teacherAssignments(string $teacherId, string $yearId): Collecti
             ->where('teacher_id', $teacherId)
             ->where('academic_year_id', $yearId)
             ->get()
-            ->sortBy(fn ($a) => ($a->subject?->name ?? '').' '.($a->classroom?->name ?? ''))
+            ->sortBy(fn ($a) => ($a->subject->name ?? '').' '.($a->classroom->name ?? ''))
             ->values();
     }
 
diff --git a/app/Http/Controllers/Api/ApiController.php b/app/Http/Controllers/Api/ApiController.php
index 9dd0da72..48783eb4 100644
--- a/app/Http/Controllers/Api/ApiController.php
+++ b/app/Http/Controllers/Api/ApiController.php
@@ -18,6 +18,9 @@ abstract class ApiController extends Controller
      */
     protected function accessibleStudents(Request $request): Collection
     {
+        // Ces routes API authentifient un élève ou un tuteur (gardes Sanctum
+        // dédiées), jamais le User par défaut supposé par l'analyse statique.
+        /** @var Student|Guardian|null $user */
         $user = $request->user();
 
         if ($user instanceof Student) {
@@ -38,6 +41,7 @@ protected function accessibleStudents(Request $request): Collection
      */
     protected function resolveStudent(Request $request, string $studentId): Student
     {
+        /** @var Student|Guardian|null $user */
         $user = $request->user();
 
         if ($user instanceof Student) {
diff --git a/app/Http/Controllers/Api/V1/AuthController.php b/app/Http/Controllers/Api/V1/AuthController.php
index 7b8962fe..e8da0508 100644
--- a/app/Http/Controllers/Api/V1/AuthController.php
+++ b/app/Http/Controllers/Api/V1/AuthController.php
@@ -39,6 +39,8 @@ public function login(LoginRequest $request): JsonResponse
 
     public function me(Request $request): JsonResponse
     {
+        // Portail parent/élève : le principal authentifié est un tuteur ou un élève.
+        /** @var Guardian|Student $user */
         $user = $request->user();
         $type = $user instanceof Guardian ? 'guardian' : 'student';
 
@@ -47,7 +49,9 @@ public function me(Request $request): JsonResponse
 
     public function logout(Request $request): JsonResponse
     {
-        $request->user()->currentAccessToken()->delete();
+        /** @var Guardian|Student $user */
+        $user = $request->user();
+        $user->currentAccessToken()->delete();
 
         return response()->json(['message' => 'Déconnecté.']);
     }
diff --git a/app/Http/Controllers/Api/V1/ChildrenController.php b/app/Http/Controllers/Api/V1/ChildrenController.php
index 58edffca..b72c98f1 100644
--- a/app/Http/Controllers/Api/V1/ChildrenController.php
+++ b/app/Http/Controllers/Api/V1/ChildrenController.php
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ public function index(Request $request): AnonymousResourceCollection
     {
         $withActiveEnrollment = ['enrollments' => fn ($q) => $q->where('status', Enrollment::STATUS_ACTIVE)->with('classroom:id,name')];
 
+        /** @var Student|Guardian $user */
         $user = $request->user();
 
         if ($user instanceof Student) {
diff --git a/app/Http/Controllers/Api/V1/DashboardController.php b/app/Http/Controllers/Api/V1/DashboardController.php
index 90a3101e..7ca42517 100644
--- a/app/Http/Controllers/Api/V1/DashboardController.php
+++ b/app/Http/Controllers/Api/V1/DashboardController.php
@@ -45,7 +45,7 @@ public function index(Request $request): JsonResponse
                 'id' => $e->id,
                 'title' => $e->title,
                 'type' => $e->type,
-                'start_date' => $e->start_date?->format('Y-m-d'),
+                'start_date' => $e->start_date->format('Y-m-d'),
             ]);
 
         return response()->json([
diff --git a/app/Http/Controllers/Archives/ArchiveController.php b/app/Http/Controllers/Archives/ArchiveController.php
index 6eadf886..3ead58ee 100644
--- a/app/Http/Controllers/Archives/ArchiveController.php
+++ b/app/Http/Controllers/Archives/ArchiveController.php
@@ -16,8 +16,6 @@
 
 class ArchiveController extends Controller
 {
-    private const TYPES = ['student' => Student::class, 'classroom' => Classroom::class];
-
     private function authorizeManage(Request $request): void
     {
         // Socle de sécurité : les routes portent déjà la permission fine (create/edit/
@@ -234,9 +232,12 @@ private function linkLabel(ArchivedDocument $d): ?string
             return null;
         }
 
-        return match ($d->documentable_type) {
-            Student::class => 'Élève : '.$d->documentable->name,
-            Classroom::class => 'Classe : '.$d->documentable->name,
+        $linked = $d->documentable;
+
+        return match (true) {
+            // Un élève n'a pas de colonne « name » : on compose nom + prénom.
+            $linked instanceof Student => 'Élève : '.trim($linked->firstname.' '.$linked->lastname),
+            $linked instanceof Classroom => 'Classe : '.$linked->name,
             default => null,
         };
     }
diff --git a/app/Http/Controllers/CalendarEventController.php b/app/Http/Controllers/CalendarEventController.php
index 60c48a39..7a8bce3d 100644
--- a/app/Http/Controllers/CalendarEventController.php
+++ b/app/Http/Controllers/CalendarEventController.php
@@ -28,7 +28,7 @@ public function index(Request $request): Response
                 'title' => $e->title,
                 'description' => $e->description,
                 'type' => $e->type,
-                'start_date' => $e->start_date?->format('Y-m-d'),
+                'start_date' => $e->start_date->format('Y-m-d'),
                 'end_date' => $e->end_date?->format('Y-m-d'),
                 'all_day' => $e->all_day,
                 'start_time' => $e->start_time,
diff --git a/app/Http/Controllers/Comptabilite/CashAccountController.php b/app/Http/Controllers/Comptabilite/CashAccountController.php
index e982222a..a70b40df 100644
--- a/app/Http/Controllers/Comptabilite/CashAccountController.php
+++ b/app/Http/Controllers/Comptabilite/CashAccountController.php
@@ -15,7 +15,7 @@ class CashAccountController extends Controller
     public function index(): Response
     {
         $accounts = CashAccount::withCount('payments')
-            ->withSum('transactions as total_income', 'amount', fn ($q) => $q->where('type', 'INCOME'))
+            ->withSum(['transactions as total_income' => fn ($q) => $q->where('type', 'INCOME')], 'amount')
             ->orderBy('type')
             ->orderBy('name')
             ->get();
diff --git a/app/Http/Controllers/Comptabilite/InvoiceController.php b/app/Http/Controllers/Comptabilite/InvoiceController.php
index e870f9cf..33378cb0 100644
--- a/app/Http/Controllers/Comptabilite/InvoiceController.php
+++ b/app/Http/Controllers/Comptabilite/InvoiceController.php
@@ -169,7 +169,7 @@ public function verifyReceipt(Request $request): Response
                 'valid' => true,
                 'receipt_number' => $receipt->receipt_number,
                 'amount' => (float) $receipt->payment->amount,
-                'paid_at' => $receipt->payment->paid_at?->format('d/m/Y'),
+                'paid_at' => $receipt->payment->paid_at->format('d/m/Y'),
                 'student' => $receipt->payment->invoice?->enrollment?->student
                     ? $receipt->payment->invoice->enrollment->student->lastname.' '.$receipt->payment->invoice->enrollment->student->firstname
                     : null,
diff --git a/app/Http/Controllers/Comptabilite/SituationController.php b/app/Http/Controllers/Comptabilite/SituationController.php
index aa2d8643..6a0a856c 100644
--- a/app/Http/Controllers/Comptabilite/SituationController.php
+++ b/app/Http/Controllers/Comptabilite/SituationController.php
@@ -93,10 +93,10 @@ classes.code                                                               AS cl
                     'lastname' => $e->student?->lastname,
                     'matricule' => $e->student?->matricule,
                     'invoice_number' => $e->invoice?->invoice_number,
-                    'total' => (float) ($e->invoice?->total ?? 0),
-                    'amount_paid' => (float) ($e->invoice?->amount_paid ?? 0),
-                    'amount_remaining' => (float) ($e->invoice?->amount_remaining ?? 0),
-                    'status' => $e->invoice?->status ?? 'ISSUED',
+                    'total' => (float) ($e->invoice->total ?? 0),
+                    'amount_paid' => (float) ($e->invoice->amount_paid ?? 0),
+                    'amount_remaining' => (float) ($e->invoice->amount_remaining ?? 0),
+                    'status' => $e->invoice->status ?? 'ISSUED',
                 ]);
         }
 
@@ -153,14 +153,14 @@ public function export(Request $request)
             foreach ($enrollments as $e) {
                 $inv = $e->invoice;
                 fputcsv($out, [
-                    $e->student?->matricule ?? '—',
-                    $e->student?->lastname ?? '—',
-                    $e->student?->firstname ?? '—',
-                    $e->classroom?->name ?? '—',
-                    $inv?->invoice_number ?? '—',
-                    number_format((float) ($inv?->total ?? 0), 0, ',', ' '),
-                    number_format((float) ($inv?->amount_paid ?? 0), 0, ',', ' '),
-                    number_format((float) ($inv?->amount_remaining ?? 0), 0, ',', ' '),
+                    $e->student->matricule ?? '—',
+                    $e->student->lastname ?? '—',
+                    $e->student->firstname ?? '—',
+                    $e->classroom->name ?? '—',
+                    $inv->invoice_number ?? '—',
+                    number_format((float) ($inv->total ?? 0), 0, ',', ' '),
+                    number_format((float) ($inv->amount_paid ?? 0), 0, ',', ' '),
+                    number_format((float) ($inv->amount_remaining ?? 0), 0, ',', ' '),
                     $this->statusLabel($inv?->status),
                 ], ';');
             }
diff --git a/app/Http/Controllers/Dashboard/DashboardController.php b/app/Http/Controllers/Dashboard/DashboardController.php
index f683f97a..01dfcb8b 100644
--- a/app/Http/Controllers/Dashboard/DashboardController.php
+++ b/app/Http/Controllers/Dashboard/DashboardController.php
@@ -115,12 +115,12 @@ public function index(Request $request): Response
                     'id' => $p->id,
                     'amount' => (float) $p->amount,
                     'payment_method' => $p->payment_method,
-                    'paid_at' => $p->paid_at?->toDateString(),
+                    'paid_at' => $p->paid_at->toDateString(),
                     'cash_account' => $p->cashAccount?->name,
                     'student_name' => $p->invoice?->enrollment?->student
                         ? $p->invoice->enrollment->student->firstname.' '.$p->invoice->enrollment->student->lastname
                         : '—',
-                    'class_name' => $p->invoice?->enrollment?->classroom?->name ?? '—',
+                    'class_name' => $p->invoice?->enrollment?->classroom->name ?? '—',
                 ]);
 
             /* Élèves avec aucun paiement (status ISSUED) — top 5 restant le + élevé */
@@ -193,14 +193,14 @@ public function index(Request $request): Response
                 ->map(fn ($e) => [
                     'id' => $e->id,
                     'enrollment_code' => $e->enrollment_code,
-                    'enrollment_date' => $e->enrollment_date?->toDateString(),
+                    'enrollment_date' => $e->enrollment_date->toDateString(),
                     'status' => $e->status,
                     'student_name' => $e->student
                         ? $e->student->firstname.' '.$e->student->lastname
                         : '—',
                     'matricule' => $e->student?->matricule,
-                    'class_name' => $e->classroom?->name ?? '—',
-                    'class_code' => $e->classroom?->code ?? '—',
+                    'class_name' => $e->classroom->name ?? '—',
+                    'class_code' => $e->classroom->code ?? '—',
                 ]);
 
             /* Répartition des inscriptions par classe (pour le graphe) */
@@ -265,8 +265,8 @@ public function index(Request $request): Response
                     'id' => $p->id,
                     'student_name' => $p->student ? $p->student->lastname.' '.$p->student->firstname : '—',
                     'reason' => $p->reason,
-                    'start_date' => $p->start_date?->format('d/m/Y'),
-                    'end_date' => $p->end_date?->format('d/m/Y'),
+                    'start_date' => $p->start_date->format('d/m/Y'),
+                    'end_date' => $p->end_date->format('d/m/Y'),
                 ]);
 
             /* Prochains examens officiels */
@@ -307,6 +307,8 @@ public function index(Request $request): Response
                 ->first(['id', 'name']);
 
             // Bulletins figés (locked_at) de l'année (et de la période courante le cas échéant).
+            // Agrégat sans GROUP BY : toujours une ligne, colonnes calculées.
+            /** @var object{validated: int|string, avg_general: float|int|string|null} $rc */
             $rc = ReportCard::query()
                 ->whereNotNull('locked_at')
                 ->when($yearId, fn ($q) => $q->where('academic_year_id', $yearId))
@@ -332,10 +334,10 @@ public function index(Request $request): Response
 
             $myAssignments = $assignments->map(fn ($a) => [
                 'id' => $a->id,
-                'subject' => $a->subject?->name ?? '—',
+                'subject' => $a->subject->name ?? '—',
                 'class_id' => $a->class_id,
-                'class_name' => $a->classroom?->name ?? '—',
-                'class_code' => $a->classroom?->code ?? '—',
+                'class_name' => $a->classroom->name ?? '—',
+                'class_code' => $a->classroom->code ?? '—',
             ]);
 
             /* Emploi du temps du jour (1=lundi … 6=samedi) */
@@ -350,8 +352,8 @@ public function index(Request $request): Response
                     'id' => $s->id,
                     'start_time' => substr((string) $s->start_time, 0, 5),
                     'end_time' => substr((string) $s->end_time, 0, 5),
-                    'subject' => $s->subject?->name ?? '—',
-                    'class_name' => $s->classroom?->name ?? '—',
+                    'subject' => $s->subject->name ?? '—',
+                    'class_name' => $s->classroom->name ?? '—',
                     'room' => $s->room,
                 ]);
 
@@ -378,9 +380,9 @@ public function index(Request $request): Response
                 ->get()
                 ->map(fn ($e) => [
                     'id' => $e->id,
-                    'name' => $e->template?->name ?? 'Évaluation',
-                    'subject' => $e->classSubject?->subject?->name ?? '—',
-                    'class_name' => $e->classSubject?->class?->name ?? '—',
+                    'name' => $e->template->name ?? 'Évaluation',
+                    'subject' => $e->classSubject?->subject->name ?? '—',
+                    'class_name' => $e->classSubject?->class->name ?? '—',
                     'date' => $e->date?->format('d/m/Y'),
                 ]);
 
diff --git a/app/Http/Controllers/Eleves/EnrollmentController.php b/app/Http/Controllers/Eleves/EnrollmentController.php
index 9fc5fc3c..f2216fa2 100644
--- a/app/Http/Controllers/Eleves/EnrollmentController.php
+++ b/app/Http/Controllers/Eleves/EnrollmentController.php
@@ -86,6 +86,9 @@ public function index(Request $request): Response
             ->where('invoices.status', '!=', 'CANCELLED');
         $applyFilters($aggQuery);
 
+        // Agrégat sans GROUP BY : renvoie toujours exactement une ligne de synthèse
+        // dont les colonnes sont calculées (invisibles à l'analyse statique).
+        /** @var object{billed: int|float|string, collected: int|float|string, remaining: int|float|string, unpaid_count: int|float|string, unpaid_amount: int|float|string} $agg */
         $agg = $aggQuery->selectRaw('
             COALESCE(SUM(invoices.total), 0) as billed,
             COALESCE(SUM(invoices.amount_paid), 0) as collected,
diff --git a/app/Http/Controllers/Eleves/RosterController.php b/app/Http/Controllers/Eleves/RosterController.php
index b84b80a0..92a2d041 100644
--- a/app/Http/Controllers/Eleves/RosterController.php
+++ b/app/Http/Controllers/Eleves/RosterController.php
@@ -30,7 +30,7 @@ public function index(Request $request): Response
 
         // Année par défaut : celle demandée, sinon l'année active
         if ($yearId === '') {
-            $yearId = $activeYear?->id ?? '';
+            $yearId = $activeYear->id ?? '';
         }
 
         $classrooms = Classroom::where('active', true)->orderBy('name')->get(['id', 'name', 'code']);
@@ -59,7 +59,7 @@ public function index(Request $request): Response
                     'student_name' => $e->student ? $e->student->lastname.' '.$e->student->firstname : '—',
                     'matricule' => $e->student?->matricule,
                     'gender' => $e->student?->gender,
-                    'payment_status' => $e->invoice?->status ?? 'NONE',
+                    'payment_status' => $e->invoice->status ?? 'NONE',
                     'academic_status' => $e->academic_status ?? 'en_cours',
                     'status_reason' => $e->status_reason,
                 ])->values();
diff --git a/app/Http/Controllers/Eleves/StudentController.php b/app/Http/Controllers/Eleves/StudentController.php
index 555f6b56..f7893beb 100644
--- a/app/Http/Controllers/Eleves/StudentController.php
+++ b/app/Http/Controllers/Eleves/StudentController.php
@@ -219,7 +219,7 @@ public function show(Student $student): Response
                 'reference_number' => $i->reference_number,
                 'template_name' => $i->template?->name,
                 'issued_by' => $i->issuedBy?->name,
-                'issued_at' => $i->issued_at?->format('d/m/Y H:i'),
+                'issued_at' => $i->issued_at->format('d/m/Y H:i'),
             ]);
 
         // Inscription de l'année active (pour la réaffectation de classe)
@@ -244,7 +244,7 @@ public function show(Student $student): Response
                 'class_id' => $currentEnrollment->class_id,
                 'class_name' => $currentEnrollment->classroom?->name,
                 'class_code' => $currentEnrollment->classroom?->code,
-                'year' => $activeYear?->year,
+                'year' => $activeYear->year,
             ] : null,
             'classrooms' => Classroom::where('active', true)->orderBy('name')->get(['id', 'name', 'code']),
             'documents' => $student->documents()->with('uploadedBy:id,firstname,lastname')->latest()->get()->map(fn ($d) => [
@@ -271,13 +271,13 @@ public function changeClass(Request $request, Student $student): RedirectRespons
         ]);
 
         $activeYear = AcademicYear::where('active', true)->first(['id']);
-        abort_unless($activeYear, 422, 'Aucune année académique active.');
+        abort_unless($activeYear !== null, 422, 'Aucune année académique active.');
 
         $enrollment = Enrollment::where('student_id', $student->id)
             ->where('academic_year_id', $activeYear->id)
             ->first();
 
-        abort_unless($enrollment, 422, 'Cet élève n\'a pas d\'inscription pour l\'année active.');
+        abort_unless($enrollment !== null, 422, 'Cet élève n\'a pas d\'inscription pour l\'année active.');
 
         $enrollment->update(['class_id' => $validated['class_id']]);
 
@@ -305,9 +305,9 @@ public function history(Student $student): Response
                     'code' => $enrollment->classroom?->code,
                 ],
                 'academic_year' => $enrollment->academicYear?->year,
-                'enrollment_date' => $enrollment->enrollment_date?->format('Y-m-d'),
+                'enrollment_date' => $enrollment->enrollment_date->format('Y-m-d'),
                 'enrollment_code' => $enrollment->enrollment_code,
-                'status' => $enrollment->invoice?->status ?? 'NONE',
+                'status' => $enrollment->invoice->status ?? 'NONE',
                 'academic_status' => $enrollment->academic_status ?? 'en_cours',
                 'academic_status_label' => Enrollment::ACADEMIC_STATUSES[$enrollment->academic_status ?? 'en_cours'] ?? '—',
                 'status_reason' => $enrollment->status_reason,
diff --git a/app/Http/Controllers/Eleves/StudentStatsController.php b/app/Http/Controllers/Eleves/StudentStatsController.php
index bf611729..410b6322 100644
--- a/app/Http/Controllers/Eleves/StudentStatsController.php
+++ b/app/Http/Controllers/Eleves/StudentStatsController.php
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@
 use App\Models\Student;
 use Illuminate\Http\Request;
 use Illuminate\Support\Carbon;
+use Illuminate\Support\Collection;
 use Illuminate\Support\Facades\DB;
 use Illuminate\Support\Str;
 use Inertia\Inertia;
@@ -48,7 +49,8 @@ public function index(Request $request): Response
         ];
 
         // Répartition par nationalité (top 6, cohorte)
-        $byNationality = Student::query()
+        /** @var Collection<int, object{nationality: string, count: int|string}> $natRows */
+        $natRows = Student::query()
             ->whereIn('id', $studentIds)
             ->select('nationality', DB::raw('COUNT(*) as count'))
             ->whereNotNull('nationality')
@@ -56,8 +58,8 @@ public function index(Request $request): Response
             ->groupBy('nationality')
             ->orderByDesc('count')
             ->limit(6)
-            ->get()
-            ->map(fn ($r) => ['label' => $r->nationality, 'count' => (int) $r->count]);
+            ->get();
+        $byNationality = $natRows->map(fn ($r) => ['label' => $r->nationality, 'count' => (int) $r->count]);
 
         // Répartition par tranche d'âge (cohorte)
         $brackets = [
@@ -89,6 +91,7 @@ public function index(Request $request): Response
 
         // Sur-âge (retard scolaire) : âge de l'élève >= âge attendu de sa classe + 2.
         $overAgeThreshold = 2;
+        /** @var Collection<int, object{birth_date: string, expected_age: int|string}> $ageRows */
         $ageRows = Enrollment::query()
             ->join('classes', 'classes.id', '=', 'enrollments.class_id')
             ->join('students', 'students.id', '=', 'enrollments.student_id')
@@ -102,7 +105,8 @@ public function index(Request $request): Response
 
         // Effectifs par classe (année sélectionnée, scolarité active), enrichis du
         // cycle, du sexe et de la capacité pour permettre filtre et empilage côté client.
-        $byClass = $selectedYearId
+        /** @var Collection<int, object{label: string, cycle: ?string, capacity: int|string|null, level: int|string|null, total: int|string, male: int|string, female: int|string}> $byClassRows */
+        $byClassRows = $selectedYearId
             ? Enrollment::query()
                 ->join('classes', 'classes.id', '=', 'enrollments.class_id')
                 ->join('students', 'students.id', '=', 'enrollments.student_id')
@@ -118,16 +122,16 @@ classes.expected_age AS level,
                 ->orderByRaw('classes.expected_age NULLS LAST')
                 ->orderBy('classes.name')
                 ->get()
-                ->map(fn ($r) => [
-                    'label' => $r->label,
-                    'cycle' => $this->cycleLabel($r->cycle),
-                    'capacity' => (int) $r->capacity,
-                    'level' => $r->level !== null ? (int) $r->level : null,
-                    'count' => (int) $r->total,
-                    'male' => (int) $r->male,
-                    'female' => (int) $r->female,
-                ])
             : collect();
+        $byClass = $byClassRows->map(fn ($r) => [
+            'label' => $r->label,
+            'cycle' => $this->cycleLabel($r->cycle),
+            'capacity' => (int) $r->capacity,
+            'level' => $r->level !== null ? (int) $r->level : null,
+            'count' => (int) $r->total,
+            'male' => (int) $r->male,
+            'female' => (int) $r->female,
+        ]);
 
         return Inertia::render('Eleves/Students/Stats', [
             'summary' => [
diff --git a/app/Http/Controllers/Eleves/TimetableController.php b/app/Http/Controllers/Eleves/TimetableController.php
index a0802ebe..df4b6e79 100644
--- a/app/Http/Controllers/Eleves/TimetableController.php
+++ b/app/Http/Controllers/Eleves/TimetableController.php
@@ -125,7 +125,7 @@ public function teacherExport(Request $request)
         return $this->schedulePdf(
             $this->teacherSlots($teacher->id, $activeYearId),
             title: 'EMPLOI DU TEMPS — ENSEIGNANT',
-            subtitle: $teacher->name.' — Année : '.($year?->year ?? '—'),
+            subtitle: $teacher->name.' — Année : '.($year->year ?? '—'),
             filename: 'emploi-du-temps-'.Str::slug($teacher->name),
         );
     }
@@ -211,15 +211,19 @@ private function teacherSlots(string $teacherId, ?string $yearId): Collection
      */
     private function buildScheduleGrid(Collection $slots): array
     {
-        $range = fn ($s) => substr($s->start_time, 0, 5).'-'.substr($s->end_time, 0, 5);
+        $range = fn (TimetableSlot $s): string => substr($s->start_time, 0, 5).'-'.substr($s->end_time, 0, 5);
 
+        /** @var array<string, array<int, TimetableSlot>> $grid */
         $grid = [];
         foreach ($slots as $slot) {
             $grid[$range($slot)][$slot->day_of_week] = $slot;
         }
 
+        /** @var Collection<int, string> $timeRanges */
+        $timeRanges = $slots->map($range)->unique()->sort()->values();
+
         return [
-            'timeRanges' => $slots->map($range)->unique()->sort()->values(),
+            'timeRanges' => $timeRanges,
             'grid' => $grid,
         ];
     }
diff --git a/app/Http/Controllers/Examens/MarkController.php b/app/Http/Controllers/Examens/MarkController.php
index 43ff2381..900a57e1 100644
--- a/app/Http/Controllers/Examens/MarkController.php
+++ b/app/Http/Controllers/Examens/MarkController.php
@@ -61,7 +61,7 @@ public function index(Evaluation $evaluation): Response
                 'student' => $enrollment->student,
                 'mark_id' => $mark?->id,
                 'score' => $mark?->score !== null ? (float) $mark->score : null,
-                'absent' => $mark?->absent ?? false,
+                'absent' => $mark->absent ?? false,
                 'comments' => $mark?->comments,
             ];
         })->values();
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ public function store(Request $request, Evaluation $evaluation)
             return back()->withErrors(['locked' => $decision->message()]);
         }
 
-        $maxScore = (float) ($evaluation->template?->max_score ?? 20);
+        $maxScore = (float) ($evaluation->template->max_score ?? 20);
 
         // L'élève noté doit être inscrit (activement) dans la classe de l'évaluation :
         // `exists:students,id` seul laisserait noter un élève d'une autre classe.
diff --git a/app/Http/Controllers/Examens/OfficialExamController.php b/app/Http/Controllers/Examens/OfficialExamController.php
index 33400cd8..7507d459 100644
--- a/app/Http/Controllers/Examens/OfficialExamController.php
+++ b/app/Http/Controllers/Examens/OfficialExamController.php
@@ -26,7 +26,7 @@ public function index(Request $request): Response
         $years = AcademicYear::orderByDesc('start_date')->get(['id', 'year', 'active']);
 
         // Année par défaut = année académique active
-        $yearId = $request->string('academic_year_id')->toString() ?: ($activeYear?->id ?? '');
+        $yearId = $request->string('academic_year_id')->toString() ?: ($activeYear->id ?? '');
         $type = $request->string('type')->toString();
         $session = $request->string('session')->toString();
         $status = $request->string('status')->toString();
diff --git a/app/Http/Controllers/Notes/NoteReclamationController.php b/app/Http/Controllers/Notes/NoteReclamationController.php
index 251c1b41..43db1d88 100644
--- a/app/Http/Controllers/Notes/NoteReclamationController.php
+++ b/app/Http/Controllers/Notes/NoteReclamationController.php
@@ -55,7 +55,7 @@ public function index(Request $request): Response
         ]);
     }
 
-    public function create(Request $request): Response
+    public function create(Request $request): Response|RedirectResponse
     {
         abort_unless($request->user()->can('create_note_reclamations'), 403);
 
@@ -152,7 +152,7 @@ public function review(ReviewNoteReclamationRequest $request, NoteReclamation $n
 
         $data = $request->validated();
         $evaluation = $noteReclamation->evaluation()->with('template:id,max_score')->first();
-        $maxScore = (float) ($evaluation?->template?->max_score ?? 9999);
+        $maxScore = (float) ($evaluation?->template->max_score ?? 9999);
 
         if ($data['status'] === 'approved' && isset($data['corrected_score']) && $data['corrected_score'] > $maxScore) {
             return back()->withErrors(['corrected_score' => "La note corrigée ne peut pas dépasser {$maxScore}."]);
diff --git a/app/Http/Controllers/Parametres/BulletinTemplateController.php b/app/Http/Controllers/Parametres/BulletinTemplateController.php
index c105df61..024894bd 100644
--- a/app/Http/Controllers/Parametres/BulletinTemplateController.php
+++ b/app/Http/Controllers/Parametres/BulletinTemplateController.php
@@ -21,8 +21,8 @@ public function edit(Request $request): Response
         $template = BulletinTemplate::where('school_id', $school->id)
             ->whereNull('classroom_type_id')->first();
 
-        $columns = $template?->columns ?? BulletinTemplate::defaultColumns();
-        $options = $template?->options ?? BulletinTemplate::defaultOptions();
+        $columns = $template->columns ?? BulletinTemplate::defaultColumns();
+        $options = $template->options ?? BulletinTemplate::defaultOptions();
 
         return Inertia::render('Parametres/BulletinTemplates/Edit', [
             'columns' => $columns,
@@ -87,7 +87,7 @@ private function presets(): array
     private function activeSchool(): School
     {
         $school = School::query()->first();
-        abort_unless($school, 404, 'Aucune école configurée.');
+        abort_unless($school !== null, 404, 'Aucune école configurée.');
 
         return $school;
     }
diff --git a/app/Http/Controllers/Parametres/DocumentHeaderController.php b/app/Http/Controllers/Parametres/DocumentHeaderController.php
index 040c7a34..57268cda 100644
--- a/app/Http/Controllers/Parametres/DocumentHeaderController.php
+++ b/app/Http/Controllers/Parametres/DocumentHeaderController.php
@@ -29,7 +29,7 @@ public function edit(Request $request): Response
 
         return Inertia::render('Parametres/Documents/HeaderDesigner', [
             'header' => $config,
-            'preset' => $header?->preset ?? 'ministeriel',
+            'preset' => $header->preset ?? 'ministeriel',
             'presets' => DocumentHeader::PRESETS,
             'default' => DocumentHeader::defaultLayout($school),
             'watermarkImageUrl' => $this->mediaUrl($config['watermark']['image_path'] ?? null),
@@ -97,7 +97,7 @@ private function sanitizeLayout(array $layout): array
     private function activeSchool(): School
     {
         $school = School::query()->first();
-        abort_unless($school, 404, 'Aucune école configurée.');
+        abort_unless($school !== null, 404, 'Aucune école configurée.');
 
         return $school;
     }
diff --git a/app/Http/Controllers/Parametres/DocumentTemplateController.php b/app/Http/Controllers/Parametres/DocumentTemplateController.php
index f089a667..33e61a22 100644
--- a/app/Http/Controllers/Parametres/DocumentTemplateController.php
+++ b/app/Http/Controllers/Parametres/DocumentTemplateController.php
@@ -83,7 +83,7 @@ public function registry(Request $request): Response
                 'student_name' => $i->student ? $i->student->lastname.' '.$i->student->firstname : '—',
                 'student_matricule' => $i->student?->matricule,
                 'issued_by' => $i->issuedBy?->name,
-                'issued_at' => $i->issued_at?->format('d/m/Y H:i'),
+                'issued_at' => $i->issued_at->format('d/m/Y H:i'),
             ]);
 
         return Inertia::render('Parametres/Documents/Registry', [
diff --git a/app/Http/Controllers/Presences/AttendanceController.php b/app/Http/Controllers/Presences/AttendanceController.php
index e128571c..3a429a50 100644
--- a/app/Http/Controllers/Presences/AttendanceController.php
+++ b/app/Http/Controllers/Presences/AttendanceController.php
@@ -77,7 +77,7 @@ public function index(Request $request): Response
                     'student_id' => $enrollment->student_id,
                     'student' => $enrollment->student,
                     'record_id' => $record?->id,
-                    'status' => $record?->status ?? ($permission ? 'excused' : 'present'),
+                    'status' => $record->status ?? ($permission ? 'excused' : 'present'),
                     'minutes_late' => $record?->minutes_late,
                     'comment' => $record?->comment,
                     'has_permission' => (bool) $permission,
diff --git a/app/Http/Controllers/Settings/LanguageController.php b/app/Http/Controllers/Settings/LanguageController.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e0793396
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/Http/Controllers/Settings/LanguageController.php
@@ -0,0 +1,28 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace App\Http\Controllers\Settings;
+
+use App\Constants\Locales;
+use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;
+use Illuminate\Http\RedirectResponse;
+use Illuminate\Http\Request;
+use Illuminate\Validation\Rule;
+
+class LanguageController extends Controller
+{
+    /**
+     * Enregistre la langue préférée sur le profil de l'utilisateur
+     * (et en session, pour que le repli invité reste cohérent).
+     */
+    public function update(Request $request): RedirectResponse
+    {
+        $data = $request->validate([
+            'locale' => ['required', 'string', Rule::in(Locales::codes())],
+        ]);
+
+        $request->user()?->update(['locale' => $data['locale']]);
+        $request->session()->put('locale', $data['locale']);
+
+        return back();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/app/Http/Middleware/HandleInertiaRequests.php b/app/Http/Middleware/HandleInertiaRequests.php
index cc18a373..8a85a29f 100644
--- a/app/Http/Middleware/HandleInertiaRequests.php
+++ b/app/Http/Middleware/HandleInertiaRequests.php
@@ -3,8 +3,10 @@
 namespace App\Http\Middleware;
 
 use App\Constants\Currencies;
+use App\Constants\Locales;
 use App\Models\School;
 use Illuminate\Http\Request;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\App;
 use Inertia\Middleware;
 
 class HandleInertiaRequests extends Middleware
@@ -53,9 +55,47 @@ public function share(Request $request): array
             'settings' => [
                 'currency' => $user ? $this->currency() : self::defaultCurrency(),
             ],
+            // Internationalisation : langue active, langues disponibles et dictionnaire
+            // de la langue active (la langue par défaut sert de repli pour les clés absentes).
+            'locale' => App::getLocale(),
+            'locales' => Locales::options(),
+            'translations' => $this->translations(App::getLocale()),
         ];
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Dictionnaire de traduction d'une langue : chaque fichier `lang/{code}/*.php`
+     * devient un groupe. La langue par défaut est fusionnée dessous comme repli.
+     *
+     * @return array<string, mixed>
+     */
+    private function translations(string $locale): array
+    {
+        $fallback = $this->loadLang(config('app.fallback_locale', Locales::DEFAULT));
+        $active = $this->loadLang($locale);
+
+        return array_replace_recursive($fallback, $active);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Charge tous les groupes de `lang/{locale}/*.php`.
+     *
+     * @return array<string, mixed>
+     */
+    private function loadLang(string $locale): array
+    {
+        $out = [];
+        $dir = lang_path($locale);
+
+        if (is_dir($dir)) {
+            foreach (glob($dir.'/*.php') as $file) {
+                $out[basename($file, '.php')] = require $file;
+            }
+        }
+
+        return $out;
+    }
+
     /**
      * Monnaie de l'établissement (code + symbole) pour le formatage des montants côté front.
      *
diff --git a/app/Http/Middleware/SetLocale.php b/app/Http/Middleware/SetLocale.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..24cf854e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/Http/Middleware/SetLocale.php
@@ -0,0 +1,29 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace App\Http\Middleware;
+
+use App\Constants\Locales;
+use Closure;
+use Illuminate\Http\Request;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\App;
+use Symfony\Component\HttpFoundation\Response;
+
+class SetLocale
+{
+    /**
+     * Applique la langue de la requête, par priorité :
+     * profil de l'utilisateur connecté → langue en session (invité) → défaut de l'app.
+     */
+    public function handle(Request $request, Closure $next): Response
+    {
+        $candidate = $request->user()->locale
+            ?? $request->session()->get('locale')
+            ?? config('app.locale');
+
+        $locale = Locales::isValid($candidate) ? $candidate : Locales::DEFAULT;
+
+        App::setLocale($locale);
+
+        return $next($request);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/app/Http/Resources/Api/CalendarEventResource.php b/app/Http/Resources/Api/CalendarEventResource.php
index cc3b310a..f148d845 100644
--- a/app/Http/Resources/Api/CalendarEventResource.php
+++ b/app/Http/Resources/Api/CalendarEventResource.php
@@ -2,9 +2,13 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Resources\Api;
 
+use App\Models\CalendarEvent;
 use Illuminate\Http\Request;
 use Illuminate\Http\Resources\Json\JsonResource;
 
+/**
+ * @mixin CalendarEvent
+ */
 class CalendarEventResource extends JsonResource
 {
     public function toArray(Request $request): array
@@ -13,7 +17,7 @@ public function toArray(Request $request): array
             'id' => $this->id,
             'title' => $this->title,
             'type' => $this->type,
-            'start_date' => $this->start_date?->format('Y-m-d'),
+            'start_date' => $this->start_date->format('Y-m-d'),
             'end_date' => $this->end_date?->format('Y-m-d'),
             'all_day' => $this->all_day,
             'start_time' => $this->start_time,
diff --git a/app/Http/Resources/Api/ReportCardResource.php b/app/Http/Resources/Api/ReportCardResource.php
index 72db4cbb..03014029 100644
--- a/app/Http/Resources/Api/ReportCardResource.php
+++ b/app/Http/Resources/Api/ReportCardResource.php
@@ -2,9 +2,13 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Resources\Api;
 
+use App\Models\ReportCard;
 use Illuminate\Http\Request;
 use Illuminate\Http\Resources\Json\JsonResource;
 
+/**
+ * @mixin ReportCard
+ */
 class ReportCardResource extends JsonResource
 {
     public function toArray(Request $request): array
diff --git a/app/Http/Resources/Api/StudentResource.php b/app/Http/Resources/Api/StudentResource.php
index c44af472..74558f1a 100644
--- a/app/Http/Resources/Api/StudentResource.php
+++ b/app/Http/Resources/Api/StudentResource.php
@@ -2,9 +2,13 @@
 
 namespace App\Http\Resources\Api;
 
+use App\Models\Student;
 use Illuminate\Http\Request;
 use Illuminate\Http\Resources\Json\JsonResource;
 
+/**
+ * @mixin Student
+ */
 class StudentResource extends JsonResource
 {
     public function toArray(Request $request): array
diff --git a/app/Models/AbsencePermission.php b/app/Models/AbsencePermission.php
index b11fd806..ecd60384 100644
--- a/app/Models/AbsencePermission.php
+++ b/app/Models/AbsencePermission.php
@@ -32,21 +32,33 @@ class AbsencePermission extends Model
         'reviewed_at' => 'datetime',
     ];
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<Student, $this>
+     */
     public function student(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(Student::class);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<User, $this>
+     */
     public function requestedBy(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(User::class, 'requested_by');
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<User, $this>
+     */
     public function reviewedBy(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(User::class, 'reviewed_by');
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return HasMany<AttendanceRecord, $this>
+     */
     public function attendanceRecords(): HasMany
     {
         return $this->hasMany(AttendanceRecord::class, 'permission_id');
diff --git a/app/Models/AcademicPeriod.php b/app/Models/AcademicPeriod.php
index 12bd7037..02cacda9 100644
--- a/app/Models/AcademicPeriod.php
+++ b/app/Models/AcademicPeriod.php
@@ -16,12 +16,12 @@
 
 namespace App\Models;
 
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection;
 use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Concerns\HasUuids;
 use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\HasFactory;
 use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
 use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\BelongsTo;
 use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\HasMany;
-use Illuminate\Support\Collection;
 
 class AcademicPeriod extends Model
 {
@@ -49,6 +49,8 @@ class AcademicPeriod extends Model
 
     /**
      * Get the academic year that owns the period.
+     *
+     * @return BelongsTo<AcademicYear, $this>
      */
     public function academicYear(): BelongsTo
     {
@@ -57,6 +59,8 @@ public function academicYear(): BelongsTo
 
     /**
      * Get the class type this period is scoped to (null = toutes les classes).
+     *
+     * @return BelongsTo<ClassroomType, $this>
      */
     public function classType(): BelongsTo
     {
@@ -65,6 +69,8 @@ public function classType(): BelongsTo
 
     /**
      * Get evaluations attached to this academic period.
+     *
+     * @return HasMany<Evaluation, $this>
      */
     public function evaluations(): HasMany
     {
@@ -75,7 +81,7 @@ public function evaluations(): HasMany
      * Périodes applicables à un type de classe pour une année donnée.
      * Priorité aux périodes spécifiques au type ; sinon, périodes globales (class_type_id null).
      *
-     * @return Collection<int, AcademicPeriod>
+     * @return Collection<int, static>
      */
     public static function forClassType(?string $academicYearId, ?string $classTypeId)
     {
diff --git a/app/Models/AcademicYear.php b/app/Models/AcademicYear.php
index dc68093f..a1877c35 100644
--- a/app/Models/AcademicYear.php
+++ b/app/Models/AcademicYear.php
@@ -48,6 +48,8 @@ public function getNameAttribute(): string
 
     /**
      * Get all student scholarships for this academic year.
+     *
+     * @return HasMany<StudentScholarship, $this>
      */
     public function studentScholarships(): HasMany
     {
diff --git a/app/Models/AccountingTransaction.php b/app/Models/AccountingTransaction.php
index 3d7b9e47..1980a69e 100644
--- a/app/Models/AccountingTransaction.php
+++ b/app/Models/AccountingTransaction.php
@@ -34,11 +34,17 @@ class AccountingTransaction extends Model
     /* Relations */
     /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<CashAccount, $this>
+     */
     public function cashAccount(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(CashAccount::class);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<User, $this>
+     */
     public function createdBy(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(User::class, 'created_by');
diff --git a/app/Models/ArchivedDocument.php b/app/Models/ArchivedDocument.php
index 87a079de..c368913b 100644
--- a/app/Models/ArchivedDocument.php
+++ b/app/Models/ArchivedDocument.php
@@ -37,11 +37,17 @@ class ArchivedDocument extends Model
         'autre' => 'Autre',
     ];
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsToMany<DocumentTag, $this>
+     */
     public function tags(): BelongsToMany
     {
         return $this->belongsToMany(DocumentTag::class, 'archived_document_tag');
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<User, $this>
+     */
     public function archivedBy(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(User::class, 'archived_by');
diff --git a/app/Models/Attendance.php b/app/Models/Attendance.php
index 6c1e744f..f57a5ac8 100644
--- a/app/Models/Attendance.php
+++ b/app/Models/Attendance.php
@@ -25,21 +25,33 @@ class Attendance extends Model
         'date' => 'date',
     ];
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<Classroom, $this>
+     */
     public function classroom(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(Classroom::class, 'class_id');
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<AcademicPeriod, $this>
+     */
     public function academicPeriod(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(AcademicPeriod::class);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<User, $this>
+     */
     public function recordedBy(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(User::class, 'recorded_by');
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return HasMany<AttendanceRecord, $this>
+     */
     public function records(): HasMany
     {
         return $this->hasMany(AttendanceRecord::class);
diff --git a/app/Models/AttendanceRecord.php b/app/Models/AttendanceRecord.php
index 6b9a9980..c45ba1ea 100644
--- a/app/Models/AttendanceRecord.php
+++ b/app/Models/AttendanceRecord.php
@@ -24,16 +24,25 @@ class AttendanceRecord extends Model
         'minutes_late' => 'integer',
     ];
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<Attendance, $this>
+     */
     public function attendance(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(Attendance::class);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<Student, $this>
+     */
     public function student(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(Student::class);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<AbsencePermission, $this>
+     */
     public function permission(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(AbsencePermission::class, 'permission_id');
diff --git a/app/Models/AuditLog.php b/app/Models/AuditLog.php
index 23d40591..73c7fceb 100644
--- a/app/Models/AuditLog.php
+++ b/app/Models/AuditLog.php
@@ -31,6 +31,9 @@ class AuditLog extends Model
         'new_values' => 'array',
     ];
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<User, $this>
+     */
     public function user(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(User::class);
diff --git a/app/Models/Backup.php b/app/Models/Backup.php
index 213021a1..caae059f 100644
--- a/app/Models/Backup.php
+++ b/app/Models/Backup.php
@@ -22,11 +22,17 @@ class Backup extends Model
         'includes_media' => 'boolean',
     ];
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<User, $this>
+     */
     public function createdBy(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(User::class, 'created_by');
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<AcademicYear, $this>
+     */
     public function academicYear(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(AcademicYear::class, 'academic_year_id');
diff --git a/app/Models/BulletinTemplate.php b/app/Models/BulletinTemplate.php
index 5d3fc6d8..62db6de7 100644
--- a/app/Models/BulletinTemplate.php
+++ b/app/Models/BulletinTemplate.php
@@ -45,11 +45,17 @@ class BulletinTemplate extends Model
         'moyenne' => 'Moyenne de période',
     ];
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<School, $this>
+     */
     public function school(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(School::class);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<ClassroomType, $this>
+     */
     public function classroomType(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(ClassroomType::class, 'classroom_type_id');
diff --git a/app/Models/CalendarEvent.php b/app/Models/CalendarEvent.php
index bb562af6..9c5dd8e7 100644
--- a/app/Models/CalendarEvent.php
+++ b/app/Models/CalendarEvent.php
@@ -40,11 +40,17 @@ class CalendarEvent extends Model
         'other' => 'Autre',
     ];
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<AcademicYear, $this>
+     */
     public function academicYear(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(AcademicYear::class);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<User, $this>
+     */
     public function createdBy(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(User::class, 'created_by');
diff --git a/app/Models/CashAccount.php b/app/Models/CashAccount.php
index 757c4e32..1f610cae 100644
--- a/app/Models/CashAccount.php
+++ b/app/Models/CashAccount.php
@@ -28,11 +28,17 @@ class CashAccount extends Model
     /* Relations */
     /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
 
+    /**
+     * @return HasMany<AccountingTransaction, $this>
+     */
     public function transactions(): HasMany
     {
         return $this->hasMany(AccountingTransaction::class);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return HasMany<Payment, $this>
+     */
     public function payments(): HasMany
     {
         return $this->hasMany(Payment::class);
@@ -44,11 +50,11 @@ public function payments(): HasMany
 
     public function typeLabel(): string
     {
+        // Colonne enum en base : les trois valeurs couvrent tous les cas.
         return match ($this->type) {
             'CASH' => 'Espèces',
             'MOBILE_MONEY' => 'Mobile Money',
             'BANK' => 'Banque',
-            default => $this->type,
         };
     }
 }
diff --git a/app/Models/ClassSubject.php b/app/Models/ClassSubject.php
index fd34eeb1..c5ad7dc3 100644
--- a/app/Models/ClassSubject.php
+++ b/app/Models/ClassSubject.php
@@ -46,6 +46,8 @@ class ClassSubject extends Model
 
     /**
      * Get the class this assignment belongs to.
+     *
+     * @return BelongsTo<Classroom, $this>
      */
     public function class(): BelongsTo
     {
@@ -54,6 +56,8 @@ public function class(): BelongsTo
 
     /**
      * Get the subject for this assignment.
+     *
+     * @return BelongsTo<Subject, $this>
      */
     public function subject(): BelongsTo
     {
@@ -62,6 +66,8 @@ public function subject(): BelongsTo
 
     /**
      * Get the academic year for this class-subject assignment.
+     *
+     * @return BelongsTo<AcademicYear, $this>
      */
     public function academicYear(): BelongsTo
     {
@@ -70,6 +76,8 @@ public function academicYear(): BelongsTo
 
     /**
      * Get all grades for this class-subject combination.
+     *
+     * @return HasMany<Grade, $this>
      */
     public function grades(): HasMany
     {
@@ -78,6 +86,8 @@ public function grades(): HasMany
 
     /**
      * Get all evaluations for this class-subject combination.
+     *
+     * @return HasMany<Evaluation, $this>
      */
     public function evaluations(): HasMany
     {
diff --git a/app/Models/Classroom.php b/app/Models/Classroom.php
index 614d9efe..43d98075 100644
--- a/app/Models/Classroom.php
+++ b/app/Models/Classroom.php
@@ -45,6 +45,8 @@ class Classroom extends Model
 
     /**
      * Get the classroom type for this classroom.
+     *
+     * @return BelongsTo<ClassroomType, $this>
      */
     public function type(): BelongsTo
     {
@@ -53,6 +55,8 @@ public function type(): BelongsTo
 
     /**
      * Alias for type() relationship.
+     *
+     * @return BelongsTo<ClassroomType, $this>
      */
     public function classroomType(): BelongsTo
     {
@@ -61,6 +65,8 @@ public function classroomType(): BelongsTo
 
     /**
      * Get all attendances for this class.
+     *
+     * @return HasMany<Attendance, $this>
      */
     public function attendances(): HasMany
     {
@@ -69,6 +75,8 @@ public function attendances(): HasMany
 
     /**
      * Get all class subjects for this class.
+     *
+     * @return HasMany<ClassSubject, $this>
      */
     public function classSubjects(): HasMany
     {
@@ -77,6 +85,8 @@ public function classSubjects(): HasMany
 
     /**
      * Get all evaluations for this class.
+     *
+     * @return HasMany<Evaluation, $this>
      */
     public function evaluations(): HasMany
     {
diff --git a/app/Models/ClassroomType.php b/app/Models/ClassroomType.php
index efc89cd5..0a8c4ab1 100644
--- a/app/Models/ClassroomType.php
+++ b/app/Models/ClassroomType.php
@@ -55,13 +55,19 @@ public function periodsCount(): int
 
     /**
      * Get all classrooms with this type.
+     *
+     * @return HasMany<Classroom, $this>
      */
     public function classrooms(): HasMany
     {
         return $this->hasMany(Classroom::class, 'classroom_type_id');
     }
 
-    /** Écoles qui proposent ce type de classe. */
+    /**
+     * Écoles qui proposent ce type de classe.
+     *
+     * @return BelongsToMany<School, $this>
+     */
     public function schools(): BelongsToMany
     {
         return $this->belongsToMany(School::class, 'class_type_school');
diff --git a/app/Models/DocumentHeader.php b/app/Models/DocumentHeader.php
index 53c56c01..7434e8d1 100644
--- a/app/Models/DocumentHeader.php
+++ b/app/Models/DocumentHeader.php
@@ -32,6 +32,9 @@ class DocumentHeader extends Model
     /** Largeur de référence du canevas = largeur utile d'une page A4 portrait (px @96dpi). */
     public const CANVAS_WIDTH = 760;
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<School, $this>
+     */
     public function school(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(School::class);
diff --git a/app/Models/DocumentIssuance.php b/app/Models/DocumentIssuance.php
index 2393a774..8fb86115 100644
--- a/app/Models/DocumentIssuance.php
+++ b/app/Models/DocumentIssuance.php
@@ -24,16 +24,25 @@ class DocumentIssuance extends Model
         'issued_at' => 'datetime',
     ];
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<DocumentTemplate, $this>
+     */
     public function template(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(DocumentTemplate::class, 'template_id');
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<Student, $this>
+     */
     public function student(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(Student::class);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<User, $this>
+     */
     public function issuedBy(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(User::class, 'issued_by');
diff --git a/app/Models/DocumentTag.php b/app/Models/DocumentTag.php
index 1efa59b8..67cbdd0e 100644
--- a/app/Models/DocumentTag.php
+++ b/app/Models/DocumentTag.php
@@ -13,6 +13,9 @@ class DocumentTag extends Model
 
     protected $fillable = ['name', 'slug', 'color'];
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsToMany<ArchivedDocument, $this>
+     */
     public function documents(): BelongsToMany
     {
         return $this->belongsToMany(ArchivedDocument::class, 'archived_document_tag');
diff --git a/app/Models/DocumentTemplate.php b/app/Models/DocumentTemplate.php
index fa5e21b9..a0854cda 100644
--- a/app/Models/DocumentTemplate.php
+++ b/app/Models/DocumentTemplate.php
@@ -82,11 +82,17 @@ class DocumentTemplate extends Model
         ],
     ];
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<School, $this>
+     */
     public function school(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(School::class);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return HasMany<DocumentIssuance, $this>
+     */
     public function issuances(): HasMany
     {
         return $this->hasMany(DocumentIssuance::class, 'template_id');
diff --git a/app/Models/EmployeeAllowance.php b/app/Models/EmployeeAllowance.php
index 9f9f9d77..15fbffc4 100644
--- a/app/Models/EmployeeAllowance.php
+++ b/app/Models/EmployeeAllowance.php
@@ -36,11 +36,17 @@ class EmployeeAllowance extends Model
         'active' => 'boolean',
     ];
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<EmployeeProfile, $this>
+     */
     public function employeeProfile(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(EmployeeProfile::class);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<User, $this>
+     */
     public function createdBy(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(User::class, 'created_by');
diff --git a/app/Models/EmployeeProfile.php b/app/Models/EmployeeProfile.php
index 3fc50111..b55f2475 100644
--- a/app/Models/EmployeeProfile.php
+++ b/app/Models/EmployeeProfile.php
@@ -37,22 +37,35 @@ class EmployeeProfile extends Model
         'end_date' => 'date',
     ];
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<User, $this>
+     */
     public function user(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(User::class);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return HasMany<Payslip, $this>
+     */
     public function payslips(): HasMany
     {
         return $this->hasMany(Payslip::class);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<SalaryGrade, $this>
+     */
     public function salaryGrade(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(SalaryGrade::class);
     }
 
-    /** Primes / retenues récurrentes propres à l'employé (tracées). */
+    /**
+     * Primes / retenues récurrentes propres à l'employé (tracées).
+     *
+     * @return HasMany<EmployeeAllowance, $this>
+     */
     public function allowances(): HasMany
     {
         return $this->hasMany(EmployeeAllowance::class);
@@ -61,7 +74,7 @@ public function allowances(): HasMany
     /** Nom complet de l'employé (via le compte utilisateur). */
     public function fullName(): string
     {
-        return trim(($this->user?->firstname ?? '').' '.($this->user?->lastname ?? ''));
+        return trim(($this->user->firstname ?? '').' '.($this->user->lastname ?? ''));
     }
 
     /**
@@ -70,6 +83,6 @@ public function fullName(): string
      */
     public function effectiveBaseSalary(): float
     {
-        return (float) ($this->salaryGrade?->base_amount ?? $this->base_salary);
+        return (float) ($this->salaryGrade->base_amount ?? $this->base_salary);
     }
 }
diff --git a/app/Models/Enrollment.php b/app/Models/Enrollment.php
index ebff4edf..e1450af4 100644
--- a/app/Models/Enrollment.php
+++ b/app/Models/Enrollment.php
@@ -79,31 +79,49 @@ public function scopeActive(Builder $query): Builder
     /** Statuts considérés comme « scolarité active » (présents à l'appel). */
     public const ACTIVE_ACADEMIC_STATUSES = ['en_cours', 'valide', 'non_valide'];
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<School, $this>
+     */
     public function school(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(School::class);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<Student, $this>
+     */
     public function student(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(Student::class);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<Classroom, $this>
+     */
     public function classroom(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(Classroom::class, 'class_id');
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<AcademicYear, $this>
+     */
     public function academicYear(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(AcademicYear::class, 'academic_year_id');
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<User, $this>
+     */
     public function enrolledBy(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(User::class, 'enrolled_by');
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return HasOne<Invoice, $this>
+     */
     public function invoice(): HasOne
     {
         return $this->hasOne(Invoice::class);
diff --git a/app/Models/Evaluation.php b/app/Models/Evaluation.php
index 5e16b4c3..173e6fe1 100644
--- a/app/Models/Evaluation.php
+++ b/app/Models/Evaluation.php
@@ -32,16 +32,25 @@ class Evaluation extends Model
         'locked_at' => 'datetime',
     ];
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<EvaluationTemplate, $this>
+     */
     public function template(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(EvaluationTemplate::class, 'evaluation_template_id');
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<ClassSubject, $this>
+     */
     public function classSubject(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(ClassSubject::class);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return HasMany<Mark, $this>
+     */
     public function marks(): HasMany
     {
         return $this->hasMany(Mark::class);
diff --git a/app/Models/EvaluationTemplate.php b/app/Models/EvaluationTemplate.php
index 68bdd951..c8a1209a 100644
--- a/app/Models/EvaluationTemplate.php
+++ b/app/Models/EvaluationTemplate.php
@@ -34,21 +34,33 @@ class EvaluationTemplate extends Model
         'date' => 'date',
     ];
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<AcademicPeriod, $this>
+     */
     public function academicPeriod(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(AcademicPeriod::class);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<ClassroomType, $this>
+     */
     public function classType(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(ClassroomType::class, 'class_type_id');
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<EvaluationType, $this>
+     */
     public function evaluationType(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(EvaluationType::class);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return HasMany<Evaluation, $this>
+     */
     public function evaluations(): HasMany
     {
         return $this->hasMany(Evaluation::class);
diff --git a/app/Models/EvaluationType.php b/app/Models/EvaluationType.php
index 1879788c..29babdeb 100644
--- a/app/Models/EvaluationType.php
+++ b/app/Models/EvaluationType.php
@@ -39,6 +39,8 @@ class EvaluationType extends Model
 
     /**
      * Get all evaluations for this type.
+     *
+     * @return HasMany<Evaluation, $this>
      */
     public function evaluations(): HasMany
     {
diff --git a/app/Models/FeeStructure.php b/app/Models/FeeStructure.php
index 9e6825d1..58785a37 100644
--- a/app/Models/FeeStructure.php
+++ b/app/Models/FeeStructure.php
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@
 use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\HasFactory;
 use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
 use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\BelongsTo;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\HasMany;
 
 class FeeStructure extends Model
 {
@@ -38,6 +39,8 @@ class FeeStructure extends Model
 
     /**
      * Get the academic year that owns the fee structure.
+     *
+     * @return BelongsTo<AcademicYear, $this>
      */
     public function academicYear(): BelongsTo
     {
@@ -46,6 +49,8 @@ public function academicYear(): BelongsTo
 
     /**
      * Get the fee category that owns the fee structure.
+     *
+     * @return BelongsTo<FeeCategorie, $this>
      */
     public function feeCategory(): BelongsTo
     {
@@ -54,6 +59,8 @@ public function feeCategory(): BelongsTo
 
     /**
      * Get the classroom that owns the fee structure.
+     *
+     * @return BelongsTo<Classroom, $this>
      */
     public function classroom(): BelongsTo
     {
@@ -62,8 +69,10 @@ public function classroom(): BelongsTo
 
     /**
      * Get the installments for the fee structure.
+     *
+     * @return HasMany<Installment, $this>
      */
-    public function installments()
+    public function installments(): HasMany
     {
         return $this->hasMany(Installment::class);
     }
diff --git a/app/Models/Grade.php b/app/Models/Grade.php
index 495d88bd..89ddc7e4 100644
--- a/app/Models/Grade.php
+++ b/app/Models/Grade.php
@@ -41,6 +41,8 @@ class Grade extends Model
 
     /**
      * Get the student for this grade.
+     *
+     * @return BelongsTo<Student, $this>
      */
     public function student(): BelongsTo
     {
@@ -49,6 +51,8 @@ public function student(): BelongsTo
 
     /**
      * Get the class subject for this grade.
+     *
+     * @return BelongsTo<ClassSubject, $this>
      */
     public function classSubject(): BelongsTo
     {
@@ -57,6 +61,8 @@ public function classSubject(): BelongsTo
 
     /**
      * Get the academic period for this grade.
+     *
+     * @return BelongsTo<AcademicPeriod, $this>
      */
     public function academicPeriod(): BelongsTo
     {
diff --git a/app/Models/GradingConfig.php b/app/Models/GradingConfig.php
index 6e932ba7..36b22091 100644
--- a/app/Models/GradingConfig.php
+++ b/app/Models/GradingConfig.php
@@ -33,12 +33,19 @@ class GradingConfig extends Model
         'mentions' => 'array',
     ];
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<School, $this>
+     */
     public function school(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(School::class);
     }
 
-    /** Type de classe ciblé (null = configuration par défaut de l'école). */
+    /**
+     * Type de classe ciblé (null = configuration par défaut de l'école).
+     *
+     * @return BelongsTo<ClassroomType, $this>
+     */
     public function classroomType(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(ClassroomType::class, 'classroom_type_id');
diff --git a/app/Models/Guardian.php b/app/Models/Guardian.php
index b68a76a2..c8d8d883 100644
--- a/app/Models/Guardian.php
+++ b/app/Models/Guardian.php
@@ -34,7 +34,11 @@ class Guardian extends Authenticatable
         'password' => 'hashed',
     ];
 
-    /** Enfants liés à ce tuteur. */
+    /**
+     * Enfants liés à ce tuteur.
+     *
+     * @return BelongsToMany<Student, $this>
+     */
     public function children(): BelongsToMany
     {
         return $this->belongsToMany(Student::class, 'guardian_student')->withPivot('relationship');
diff --git a/app/Models/Installment.php b/app/Models/Installment.php
index 1aca32fb..096864a2 100644
--- a/app/Models/Installment.php
+++ b/app/Models/Installment.php
@@ -31,16 +31,25 @@ class Installment extends Model
     /* Relations */
     /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<FeeStructure, $this>
+     */
     public function feeStructure(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(FeeStructure::class);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<AcademicPeriod, $this>
+     */
     public function academicPeriod(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(AcademicPeriod::class);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return HasMany<Payment, $this>
+     */
     public function payments(): HasMany
     {
         return $this->hasMany(Payment::class);
diff --git a/app/Models/Invoice.php b/app/Models/Invoice.php
index 6d557b00..4d04c238 100644
--- a/app/Models/Invoice.php
+++ b/app/Models/Invoice.php
@@ -40,16 +40,25 @@ class Invoice extends Model
     /* Relations */
     /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<Enrollment, $this>
+     */
     public function enrollment(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(Enrollment::class);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return HasMany<InvoiceItem, $this>
+     */
     public function items(): HasMany
     {
         return $this->hasMany(InvoiceItem::class)->orderBy('sort_order');
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return HasMany<Payment, $this>
+     */
     public function payments(): HasMany
     {
         return $this->hasMany(Payment::class)->latest('paid_at');
diff --git a/app/Models/InvoiceItem.php b/app/Models/InvoiceItem.php
index 8ae749fd..2a996004 100644
--- a/app/Models/InvoiceItem.php
+++ b/app/Models/InvoiceItem.php
@@ -24,6 +24,9 @@ class InvoiceItem extends Model
         'sort_order' => 'integer',
     ];
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<Invoice, $this>
+     */
     public function invoice(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(Invoice::class);
diff --git a/app/Models/Mark.php b/app/Models/Mark.php
index ee3259f4..09e56158 100644
--- a/app/Models/Mark.php
+++ b/app/Models/Mark.php
@@ -30,16 +30,25 @@ class Mark extends Model
         'absent' => 'boolean',
     ];
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<Evaluation, $this>
+     */
     public function evaluation(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(Evaluation::class);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<Student, $this>
+     */
     public function student(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(Student::class);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<User, $this>
+     */
     public function createdBy(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(User::class, 'created_by');
diff --git a/app/Models/NoteReclamation.php b/app/Models/NoteReclamation.php
index b40e3ca2..426d7f84 100644
--- a/app/Models/NoteReclamation.php
+++ b/app/Models/NoteReclamation.php
@@ -31,21 +31,33 @@ class NoteReclamation extends Model
         'reviewed_at' => 'datetime',
     ];
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<Evaluation, $this>
+     */
     public function evaluation(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(Evaluation::class);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<Student, $this>
+     */
     public function student(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(Student::class);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<User, $this>
+     */
     public function requestedBy(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(User::class, 'requested_by');
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<User, $this>
+     */
     public function reviewedBy(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(User::class, 'reviewed_by');
diff --git a/app/Models/OfficialExam.php b/app/Models/OfficialExam.php
index 48f6d061..1511909f 100644
--- a/app/Models/OfficialExam.php
+++ b/app/Models/OfficialExam.php
@@ -7,6 +7,10 @@
 use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\BelongsTo;
 use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\HasMany;
 
+/**
+ * @property-read int|null $registrations_count Agrégat withCount('registrations').
+ * @property-read int|null $admis_count         Agrégat withCount alias (status = 'admis').
+ */
 class OfficialExam extends Model
 {
     use HasUuids;
@@ -37,21 +41,33 @@ class OfficialExam extends Model
         'termine' => 'Terminé',
     ];
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<School, $this>
+     */
     public function school(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(School::class);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<AcademicYear, $this>
+     */
     public function academicYear(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(AcademicYear::class);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<Classroom, $this>
+     */
     public function classroom(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(Classroom::class, 'class_id');
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return HasMany<OfficialExamRegistration, $this>
+     */
     public function registrations(): HasMany
     {
         return $this->hasMany(OfficialExamRegistration::class);
diff --git a/app/Models/OfficialExamRegistration.php b/app/Models/OfficialExamRegistration.php
index 6d548198..e3dd3814 100644
--- a/app/Models/OfficialExamRegistration.php
+++ b/app/Models/OfficialExamRegistration.php
@@ -32,11 +32,17 @@ class OfficialExamRegistration extends Model
         'tres_bien' => 'Très bien',
     ];
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<OfficialExam, $this>
+     */
     public function officialExam(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(OfficialExam::class);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<Student, $this>
+     */
     public function student(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(Student::class);
diff --git a/app/Models/PayRun.php b/app/Models/PayRun.php
index ea61a65a..76908247 100644
--- a/app/Models/PayRun.php
+++ b/app/Models/PayRun.php
@@ -46,16 +46,25 @@ class PayRun extends Model
         'paid_at' => 'datetime',
     ];
 
+    /**
+     * @return HasMany<Payslip, $this>
+     */
     public function payslips(): HasMany
     {
         return $this->hasMany(Payslip::class);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<CashAccount, $this>
+     */
     public function cashAccount(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(CashAccount::class);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<User, $this>
+     */
     public function createdBy(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(User::class, 'created_by');
diff --git a/app/Models/Payment.php b/app/Models/Payment.php
index 077c25e8..13784785 100644
--- a/app/Models/Payment.php
+++ b/app/Models/Payment.php
@@ -34,31 +34,49 @@ class Payment extends Model
     /* Relations */
     /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<Invoice, $this>
+     */
     public function invoice(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(Invoice::class);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<Installment, $this>
+     */
     public function installment(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(Installment::class);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return HasOne<Receipt, $this>
+     */
     public function receipt(): HasOne
     {
         return $this->hasOne(Receipt::class);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<User, $this>
+     */
     public function createdBy(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(User::class, 'created_by');
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<CashAccount, $this>
+     */
     public function cashAccount(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(CashAccount::class);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return HasOne<AccountingTransaction, $this>
+     */
     public function accountingTransaction(): HasOne
     {
         return $this->hasOne(AccountingTransaction::class, 'reference_id');
diff --git a/app/Models/Payslip.php b/app/Models/Payslip.php
index cc216f88..a21f24e6 100644
--- a/app/Models/Payslip.php
+++ b/app/Models/Payslip.php
@@ -29,11 +29,17 @@ class Payslip extends Model
         'payload' => 'array',
     ];
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<PayRun, $this>
+     */
     public function payRun(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(PayRun::class);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<EmployeeProfile, $this>
+     */
     public function employeeProfile(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(EmployeeProfile::class);
diff --git a/app/Models/Receipt.php b/app/Models/Receipt.php
index 5050f738..a6094a71 100644
--- a/app/Models/Receipt.php
+++ b/app/Models/Receipt.php
@@ -23,11 +23,17 @@ class Receipt extends Model
         'printed_at' => 'datetime',
     ];
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<Payment, $this>
+     */
     public function payment(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(Payment::class);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<User, $this>
+     */
     public function printedBy(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(User::class, 'printed_by');
diff --git a/app/Models/ReportCard.php b/app/Models/ReportCard.php
index f5d4cc31..1eb8daf1 100644
--- a/app/Models/ReportCard.php
+++ b/app/Models/ReportCard.php
@@ -32,21 +32,33 @@ class ReportCard extends Model
         'locked_at' => 'datetime',
     ];
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<Student, $this>
+     */
     public function student(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(Student::class);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<AcademicPeriod, $this>
+     */
     public function academicPeriod(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(AcademicPeriod::class);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<Classroom, $this>
+     */
     public function classroom(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(Classroom::class, 'class_id');
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<User, $this>
+     */
     public function generatedBy(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(User::class, 'generated_by');
diff --git a/app/Models/SalaryGrade.php b/app/Models/SalaryGrade.php
index 0337d8af..12b5a680 100644
--- a/app/Models/SalaryGrade.php
+++ b/app/Models/SalaryGrade.php
@@ -27,6 +27,9 @@ class SalaryGrade extends Model
         'sort_order' => 'integer',
     ];
 
+    /**
+     * @return HasMany<EmployeeProfile, $this>
+     */
     public function employeeProfiles(): HasMany
     {
         return $this->hasMany(EmployeeProfile::class);
diff --git a/app/Models/Scholarship.php b/app/Models/Scholarship.php
index 86adea61..692e34b2 100644
--- a/app/Models/Scholarship.php
+++ b/app/Models/Scholarship.php
@@ -38,6 +38,8 @@ class Scholarship extends Model
 
     /**
      * Get all student scholarships for this scholarship.
+     *
+     * @return HasMany<StudentScholarship, $this>
      */
     public function studentScholarships(): HasMany
     {
diff --git a/app/Models/School.php b/app/Models/School.php
index f410b075..39a88fad 100644
--- a/app/Models/School.php
+++ b/app/Models/School.php
@@ -75,24 +75,37 @@ public function getLogoUrlAttribute(): ?string
 
     /**
      * Get all subjects for the school.
+     *
+     * @return HasMany<Subject, $this>
      */
     public function subjects(): HasMany
     {
         return $this->hasMany(Subject::class);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return HasMany<GradingConfig, $this>
+     */
     public function gradingConfigs(): HasMany
     {
         return $this->hasMany(GradingConfig::class);
     }
 
-    /** En-tête personnalisé des documents (certificats, attestations, bulletins). */
+    /**
+     * En-tête personnalisé des documents (certificats, attestations, bulletins).
+     *
+     * @return HasOne<DocumentHeader, $this>
+     */
     public function documentHeader(): HasOne
     {
         return $this->hasOne(DocumentHeader::class);
     }
 
-    /** Types de classe proposés par l'école. */
+    /**
+     * Types de classe proposés par l'école.
+     *
+     * @return BelongsToMany<ClassroomType, $this>
+     */
     public function classTypes(): BelongsToMany
     {
         return $this->belongsToMany(ClassroomType::class, 'class_type_school');
diff --git a/app/Models/Student.php b/app/Models/Student.php
index 5a198be0..df3cc6c4 100644
--- a/app/Models/Student.php
+++ b/app/Models/Student.php
@@ -28,9 +28,13 @@
 use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\BelongsToMany;
 use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\HasMany;
 use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\HasOne;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\Pivot;
 use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\SoftDeletes;
 use Laravel\Sanctum\HasApiTokens;
 
+/**
+ * @property-read Pivot&object{relationship: string} $pivot Pivot guardian_student (chargé via belongsToMany).
+ */
 class Student extends Model implements AuthenticatableContract
 {
     use Auditable, AuthenticatableTrait, HasApiTokens, HasFactory, HasResetToken, HasUuids, SoftDeletes;
@@ -68,13 +72,18 @@ class Student extends Model implements AuthenticatableContract
         'reset_token',
     ];
 
-    /** Tuteurs liés à cet élève. */
+    /** Tuteurs liés à cet élève. * @return BelongsToMany<Guardian, $this>
+     */
     public function guardians(): BelongsToMany
     {
         return $this->belongsToMany(Guardian::class, 'guardian_student')->withPivot('relationship');
     }
 
-    /** Inscriptions de l'élève. */
+    /**
+     * Inscriptions de l'élève.
+     *
+     * @return HasMany<Enrollment, $this>
+     */
     public function enrollments(): HasMany
     {
         return $this->hasMany(Enrollment::class);
@@ -82,6 +91,8 @@ public function enrollments(): HasMany
 
     /**
      * Get the user account for this student.
+     *
+     * @return BelongsTo<User, $this>
      */
     public function user(): BelongsTo
     {
@@ -90,6 +101,8 @@ public function user(): BelongsTo
 
     /**
      * Get all attendances for this student.
+     *
+     * @return HasMany<Attendance, $this>
      */
     public function attendances(): HasMany
     {
@@ -98,6 +111,8 @@ public function attendances(): HasMany
 
     /**
      * Get all grades for this student.
+     *
+     * @return HasMany<Grade, $this>
      */
     public function grades(): HasMany
     {
@@ -106,6 +121,8 @@ public function grades(): HasMany
 
     /**
      * Informations administratives de l'élève.
+     *
+     * @return HasOne<StudentInformation, $this>
      */
     public function information(): HasOne
     {
@@ -114,6 +131,8 @@ public function information(): HasOne
 
     /**
      * Informations parentales de l'élève.
+     *
+     * @return HasOne<StudentParent, $this>
      */
     public function parentInfo(): HasOne
     {
@@ -122,6 +141,8 @@ public function parentInfo(): HasOne
 
     /**
      * Informations médicales de l'élève.
+     *
+     * @return HasOne<StudentMedicalInfo, $this>
      */
     public function medicalInfo(): HasOne
     {
@@ -130,6 +151,8 @@ public function medicalInfo(): HasOne
 
     /**
      * Get all scholarships for this student.
+     *
+     * @return HasMany<StudentScholarship, $this>
      */
     public function scholarships(): HasMany
     {
@@ -138,6 +161,8 @@ public function scholarships(): HasMany
 
     /**
      * Get all documents (pièces justificatives) for this student.
+     *
+     * @return HasMany<StudentDocument, $this>
      */
     public function documents(): HasMany
     {
diff --git a/app/Models/StudentDocument.php b/app/Models/StudentDocument.php
index 49338d37..4bc56554 100644
--- a/app/Models/StudentDocument.php
+++ b/app/Models/StudentDocument.php
@@ -24,11 +24,17 @@ class StudentDocument extends Model
         'size' => 'integer',
     ];
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<Student, $this>
+     */
     public function student(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(Student::class);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<User, $this>
+     */
     public function uploadedBy(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(User::class, 'uploaded_by');
diff --git a/app/Models/StudentInformation.php b/app/Models/StudentInformation.php
index 99292eb4..a3574b5e 100644
--- a/app/Models/StudentInformation.php
+++ b/app/Models/StudentInformation.php
@@ -39,6 +39,9 @@ class StudentInformation extends Model
         'birth_certificate_issue_date' => 'date',
     ];
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<Student, $this>
+     */
     public function student(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(Student::class);
diff --git a/app/Models/StudentMedicalInfo.php b/app/Models/StudentMedicalInfo.php
index f3fe2363..d86e45ac 100644
--- a/app/Models/StudentMedicalInfo.php
+++ b/app/Models/StudentMedicalInfo.php
@@ -34,6 +34,9 @@ class StudentMedicalInfo extends Model
         'emergency_contact_phone',
     ];
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<Student, $this>
+     */
     public function student(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(Student::class);
diff --git a/app/Models/StudentParent.php b/app/Models/StudentParent.php
index da2271d0..09b811ce 100644
--- a/app/Models/StudentParent.php
+++ b/app/Models/StudentParent.php
@@ -38,6 +38,9 @@ class StudentParent extends Model
         'email',
     ];
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<Student, $this>
+     */
     public function student(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(Student::class);
diff --git a/app/Models/StudentScholarship.php b/app/Models/StudentScholarship.php
index 20e74a03..78a8e190 100644
--- a/app/Models/StudentScholarship.php
+++ b/app/Models/StudentScholarship.php
@@ -28,6 +28,8 @@ class StudentScholarship extends Model
 
     /**
      * Get the student that owns the student scholarship.
+     *
+     * @return BelongsTo<Student, $this>
      */
     public function student(): BelongsTo
     {
@@ -36,6 +38,8 @@ public function student(): BelongsTo
 
     /**
      * Get the scholarship that owns the student scholarship.
+     *
+     * @return BelongsTo<Scholarship, $this>
      */
     public function scholarship(): BelongsTo
     {
@@ -44,6 +48,8 @@ public function scholarship(): BelongsTo
 
     /**
      * Get the academic year that owns the student scholarship.
+     *
+     * @return BelongsTo<AcademicYear, $this>
      */
     public function academicYear(): BelongsTo
     {
diff --git a/app/Models/Subject.php b/app/Models/Subject.php
index 1fdfb5a2..1306ef7c 100644
--- a/app/Models/Subject.php
+++ b/app/Models/Subject.php
@@ -35,19 +35,29 @@ class Subject extends Model
 
     /**
      * Get all class subjects for this subject.
+     *
+     * @return HasMany<ClassSubject, $this>
      */
     public function classSubjects(): HasMany
     {
         return $this->hasMany(ClassSubject::class);
     }
 
-    /** Matière parente (si cette matière est une sous-matière). */
+    /**
+     * Matière parente (si cette matière est une sous-matière).
+     *
+     * @return BelongsTo<self, $this>
+     */
     public function parent(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(self::class, 'parent_id');
     }
 
-    /** Sous-matières. */
+    /**
+     * Sous-matières.
+     *
+     * @return HasMany<self, $this>
+     */
     public function children(): HasMany
     {
         return $this->hasMany(self::class, 'parent_id');
diff --git a/app/Models/SubjectAssignment.php b/app/Models/SubjectAssignment.php
index 55e2e6fc..179a491e 100644
--- a/app/Models/SubjectAssignment.php
+++ b/app/Models/SubjectAssignment.php
@@ -40,6 +40,8 @@ class SubjectAssignment extends Model
 
     /**
      * Get the subject for this assignment.
+     *
+     * @return BelongsTo<Subject, $this>
      */
     public function subject(): BelongsTo
     {
@@ -48,6 +50,8 @@ public function subject(): BelongsTo
 
     /**
      * Get the teacher (user) for this assignment.
+     *
+     * @return BelongsTo<User, $this>
      */
     public function teacher(): BelongsTo
     {
@@ -56,6 +60,8 @@ public function teacher(): BelongsTo
 
     /**
      * Get the academic year for this assignment.
+     *
+     * @return BelongsTo<AcademicYear, $this>
      */
     public function academicYear(): BelongsTo
     {
@@ -64,6 +70,8 @@ public function academicYear(): BelongsTo
 
     /**
      * Get the class (classroom) for this assignment.
+     *
+     * @return BelongsTo<Classroom, $this>
      */
     public function classroom(): BelongsTo
     {
diff --git a/app/Models/TimetableSlot.php b/app/Models/TimetableSlot.php
index abb414be..8f9053d4 100644
--- a/app/Models/TimetableSlot.php
+++ b/app/Models/TimetableSlot.php
@@ -28,16 +28,25 @@ class TimetableSlot extends Model
         6 => 'Samedi',
     ];
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<Classroom, $this>
+     */
     public function classroom(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(Classroom::class, 'class_id');
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<Subject, $this>
+     */
     public function subject(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(Subject::class);
     }
 
+    /**
+     * @return BelongsTo<User, $this>
+     */
     public function teacher(): BelongsTo
     {
         return $this->belongsTo(User::class, 'teacher_id');
diff --git a/app/Models/User.php b/app/Models/User.php
index fa842db5..b43d3128 100644
--- a/app/Models/User.php
+++ b/app/Models/User.php
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@
 use App\Traits\HasMatricule;
 use Database\Factories\UserFactory;
 use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Casts\Attribute;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Collection;
 use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Concerns\HasUuids;
 use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Factories\HasFactory;
 use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\HasMany;
@@ -30,8 +31,12 @@
 use Illuminate\Foundation\Auth\User as Authenticatable;
 use Illuminate\Notifications\Notifiable;
 use Laravel\Fortify\TwoFactorAuthenticatable;
+use Spatie\Permission\Models\Role;
 use Spatie\Permission\Traits\HasRoles;
 
+/**
+ * @property-read Collection<int, Role> $roles
+ */
 class User extends Authenticatable
 {
     /** @use HasFactory<UserFactory> */
@@ -55,6 +60,7 @@ class User extends Authenticatable
         'password',
         'is_demo',
         'must_change_password',
+        'locale',
     ];
 
     /**
@@ -97,27 +103,41 @@ protected function casts(): array
 
     /**
      * Get the user's full name
+     *
+     * @return Attribute<string, never>
      */
     protected function name(): Attribute
     {
         return Attribute::make(
-            get: fn () => "{$this->firstname} {$this->lastname}",
+            get: fn (): string => "{$this->firstname} {$this->lastname}",
         );
     }
 
-    /** Profil RH (paie) de l'utilisateur, s'il est employé. */
+    /**
+     * Profil RH (paie) de l'utilisateur, s'il est employé.
+     *
+     * @return HasOne<EmployeeProfile, $this>
+     */
     public function employeeProfile(): HasOne
     {
         return $this->hasOne(EmployeeProfile::class);
     }
 
-    /** Affectations matières où l'utilisateur est l'enseignant. */
+    /**
+     * Affectations matières où l'utilisateur est l'enseignant.
+     *
+     * @return HasMany<SubjectAssignment, $this>
+     */
     public function subjectAssignments(): HasMany
     {
         return $this->hasMany(SubjectAssignment::class, 'teacher_id');
     }
 
-    /** Créneaux d'emploi du temps où l'utilisateur est l'enseignant. */
+    /**
+     * Créneaux d'emploi du temps où l'utilisateur est l'enseignant.
+     *
+     * @return HasMany<TimetableSlot, $this>
+     */
     public function timetableSlots(): HasMany
     {
         return $this->hasMany(TimetableSlot::class, 'teacher_id');
@@ -156,7 +176,7 @@ public function generateMatricule(): string
         $matriculeService = app(MatriculeService::class);
 
         // Obtenir le rôle principal de l'utilisateur
-        $role = $this->roles?->first()?->name;
+        $role = $this->roles->first()?->name;
 
         if ($role) {
             return $matriculeService->generateUserMatricule($role);
diff --git a/app/Observers/UserObserver.php b/app/Observers/UserObserver.php
index 2909403f..622c85cf 100644
--- a/app/Observers/UserObserver.php
+++ b/app/Observers/UserObserver.php
@@ -18,7 +18,7 @@ public function created(User $user): void
                 $user->natricule,
                 'user',
                 $user->id,
-                $user->roles->first()?->name ?? 'unknown'
+                $user->roles->first()->name ?? 'unknown'
             );
         }
     }
diff --git a/app/Rules/UniqueMatricule.php b/app/Rules/UniqueMatricule.php
index c9c7de95..b186f315 100644
--- a/app/Rules/UniqueMatricule.php
+++ b/app/Rules/UniqueMatricule.php
@@ -11,9 +11,9 @@ class UniqueMatricule implements ValidationRule
 {
     protected MatriculeService $matriculeService;
 
-    protected ?int $ignoreId = null;
+    protected ?string $ignoreId = null;
 
-    public function __construct(?int $ignoreId = null)
+    public function __construct(?string $ignoreId = null)
     {
         $this->matriculeService = app(MatriculeService::class);
         $this->ignoreId = $ignoreId;
diff --git a/app/Services/AccountingService.php b/app/Services/AccountingService.php
index 31b08aba..fc54177c 100644
--- a/app/Services/AccountingService.php
+++ b/app/Services/AccountingService.php
@@ -112,7 +112,7 @@ public function recordScholarshipTransaction(
         $studentName = $student
             ? "{$student->firstname} {$student->lastname}"
             : 'Élève inconnu';
-        $scholarshipName = $scholarship?->name ?? 'Bourse';
+        $scholarshipName = $scholarship->name ?? 'Bourse';
 
         return AccountingTransaction::create([
             'type' => 'EXPENSE',
diff --git a/app/Services/BackupService.php b/app/Services/BackupService.php
index 25f16e8c..7f009fe1 100644
--- a/app/Services/BackupService.php
+++ b/app/Services/BackupService.php
@@ -229,6 +229,9 @@ private function addDiskToZip(\ZipArchive $zip, string $diskName, string $prefix
                 $zip->addFile($local, "{$prefix}/{$rel}");
             } else {
                 $t = tempnam(sys_get_temp_dir(), 'med_');
+                if ($t === false) {
+                    continue; // impossible de créer le fichier temporaire : on saute ce média
+                }
                 file_put_contents($t, $disk->get($rel));
                 $temps[] = $t;
                 $zip->addFile($t, "{$prefix}/{$rel}");
@@ -269,7 +272,7 @@ private function writeDump(string $format, string $tmp): string
      * (json[.gz], sql[.gz] ou dump PostgreSQL). Une sauvegarde de sécurité
      * (JSON) est générée au préalable.
      *
-     * @return array{format:string, tables:int, rows?:int}
+     * @return array{format:string, tables:int, rows?:int, media?:int}
      */
     public function restore(UploadedFile $file, ?string $onlyTable = null): array
     {
@@ -496,10 +499,8 @@ private function restoreTableBatched(string $table, array $rows): int
 
             $total = 0;
             foreach (array_chunk($rows, 500) as $chunk) {
-                if (! empty($chunk)) {
-                    DB::transaction(fn () => DB::table($table)->insert($chunk));
-                    $total += count($chunk);
-                }
+                DB::transaction(fn () => DB::table($table)->insert($chunk));
+                $total += count($chunk);
             }
 
             return $total;
@@ -512,7 +513,7 @@ private function restoreTableBatched(string $table, array $rows): int
     private function restoreSql(string $contents): array
     {
         preg_match_all('/INSERT\s+INTO\s+"([^"]+)"/i', $contents, $matches);
-        $tables = array_values(array_unique($matches[1] ?? []));
+        $tables = array_values(array_unique($matches[1]));
 
         try {
             DB::transaction(function () use ($contents, $tables): void {
diff --git a/app/Services/BulletinRenderer.php b/app/Services/BulletinRenderer.php
index 0c00f045..7c0ec693 100644
--- a/app/Services/BulletinRenderer.php
+++ b/app/Services/BulletinRenderer.php
@@ -235,7 +235,7 @@ private function infoBlock(array $p): string
     private function footBlock(array $p, array $options): string
     {
         $average = $this->num($p['average'] ?? null);
-        $rank = isset($p['rank']) && $p['rank'] !== null ? e($this->ordinal((int) $p['rank'])) : '—';
+        $rank = isset($p['rank']) ? e($this->ordinal((int) $p['rank'])) : '—';
         $effectif = e((string) ($p['effectif'] ?? ''));
         $mention = e($p['mention'] ?? '—');
         $obs = e($p['observations'] ?? '');
diff --git a/app/Services/DocumentRenderer.php b/app/Services/DocumentRenderer.php
index 309a3bef..9a9b48b1 100644
--- a/app/Services/DocumentRenderer.php
+++ b/app/Services/DocumentRenderer.php
@@ -90,16 +90,21 @@ public function resolveVariables(
         ];
 
         if ($student) {
+            // $student peut être un modèle NON persisté (aperçu/test) : les colonnes
+            // NOT NULL en base peuvent alors être nulles. On lit via getAttribute()
+            // (type mixed) pour conserver les gardes défensives.
+            $birthDate = $student->getAttribute('birth_date');
+
             $vars += [
                 'eleve.nom_complet' => trim(($student->lastname ?? '').' '.($student->firstname ?? '')),
                 'eleve.nom' => $student->lastname ?? '',
                 'eleve.prenom' => $student->firstname ?? '',
                 'eleve.matricule' => $student->matricule ?? '',
-                'eleve.date_naissance' => $student->birth_date
-                    ? Carbon::parse($student->birth_date)->locale('fr')->isoFormat('D MMMM YYYY')
+                'eleve.date_naissance' => $birthDate
+                    ? Carbon::parse($birthDate)->locale('fr')->isoFormat('D MMMM YYYY')
                     : '',
                 'eleve.lieu_naissance' => $student->place_of_birth ?? '',
-                'eleve.sexe' => match ($student->gender) {
+                'eleve.sexe' => match ($student->getAttribute('gender')) {
                     'male' => 'Masculin',
                     'female' => 'Féminin',
                     default => '',
@@ -198,7 +203,7 @@ public function watermarkHtml(?School $school, array $variables): string
     protected function renderHeader(DocumentTemplate $template, array $variables): string
     {
         $header = $template->school?->documentHeader;
-        $preset = $header?->preset ?? 'ministeriel';
+        $preset = $header->preset ?? 'ministeriel';
 
         // Préréglage « personnalisé » : canevas glisser-déposer (si des éléments existent).
         // Sinon on rend le gabarit officiel ministériel (défaut).
diff --git a/app/Services/GradingService.php b/app/Services/GradingService.php
index f546dd30..5590bef3 100644
--- a/app/Services/GradingService.php
+++ b/app/Services/GradingService.php
@@ -424,7 +424,7 @@ public function periodAverageFromEvaluations(string $studentId, string $periodId
     /**
      * Attribue des rangs à une liste [{student_id, average}].
      *
-     * @param  Collection<int, array{student_id: mixed, average: float|null}>  $rows
+     * @param  Collection<int, array{student_id: string, average: float|null}>  $rows
      * @return Collection<string, array{average: float|null, rank: int|null}>
      */
     public function rank(Collection $rows): Collection
@@ -469,7 +469,7 @@ private function activeStudentIds(string $classId): Collection
     /**
      * Attribue les rangs (1, 1, 3…). Les élèves sans moyenne ne sont pas classés (rang null).
      *
-     * @param  Collection<int, array{student_id: mixed, average: float|null}>  $rows
+     * @param  Collection<int, array{student_id: string, average: float|null}>  $rows
      * @return Collection<string, array{average: float|null, rank: int|null}>
      */
     private function assignRanks(Collection $rows): Collection
diff --git a/app/Services/PayrollService.php b/app/Services/PayrollService.php
index d2f6b0ce..2e7eea71 100644
--- a/app/Services/PayrollService.php
+++ b/app/Services/PayrollService.php
@@ -137,7 +137,7 @@ private function buildLines(EmployeeProfile $employee, $components, int $month,
         $grossEarnings = 0.0;
         foreach ($lines as $l) {
             if (($l['type'] ?? '') !== SalaryComponent::DEDUCTION) {
-                $grossEarnings += (float) ($l['amount'] ?? 0);
+                $grossEarnings += (float) ($l['amount']);
             }
         }
         $statutory = $this->statutory($grossEarnings, $settings);
@@ -197,7 +197,7 @@ private function progressiveTax(float $taxable, array $brackets): float
         $tax = 0.0;
         $prev = 0.0;
         foreach ($brackets as $b) {
-            $cap = isset($b['up_to']) && $b['up_to'] !== null ? (float) $b['up_to'] : INF;
+            $cap = isset($b['up_to']) ? (float) $b['up_to'] : INF;
             $rate = (float) ($b['rate'] ?? 0);
             if ($taxable <= $prev) {
                 break;
@@ -382,6 +382,8 @@ private function totals(array $lines): array
 
     private function refreshTotals(PayRun $run): void
     {
+        // Agrégat sans GROUP BY : toujours une ligne, colonnes calculées.
+        /** @var object{g: int|float|string, d: int|float|string, n: int|float|string} $sums */
         $sums = $run->payslips()->selectRaw('
             coalesce(sum(gross), 0) as g,
             coalesce(sum(total_deductions), 0) as d,
diff --git a/app/Services/ReportCardBuilder.php b/app/Services/ReportCardBuilder.php
index 555a1686..08c9e064 100644
--- a/app/Services/ReportCardBuilder.php
+++ b/app/Services/ReportCardBuilder.php
@@ -99,7 +99,7 @@ public function build(
             'lowest' => $values->isNotEmpty() ? $values->min() : null,
             'average' => $values->isNotEmpty() ? round($values->avg(), 2) : null,
         ];
-        $periodSystem = $class->classroomType?->period_system ?? 'trimestre';
+        $periodSystem = $class->classroomType->period_system ?? 'trimestre';
         $retards = $this->retardsByStudent($class->id, $period);
 
         // Récapitulatif inter-périodes + annuel (classements précalculés une fois, depuis l'index).
@@ -162,7 +162,7 @@ public function build(
                             }
 
                             $lines[] = [
-                                'subject' => $cs->subject?->name ?? '',
+                                'subject' => $cs->subject->name ?? '',
                                 'parent' => $cs->subject?->parent?->name,
                                 'group' => $cs->group ?? 'obligatoire',
                                 'coefficient' => $coeff,
@@ -171,7 +171,7 @@ public function build(
                                 'moyenne' => $cell['moy'],
                                 'points' => $points,
                                 'definitive' => $points,
-                                'by_type' => $cell['by_type'] ?? [],
+                                'by_type' => $cell['by_type'],
                                 'rang' => $subjectRanks[$cs->id]->get($student->id)['rank'] ?? null,
                                 'appreciation' => $comments[$student->id.'|'.$cs->id] ?? '',
                                 'teacher' => $teachers[$cs->subject_id] ?? '',
@@ -257,7 +257,7 @@ public function classSubjects(Classroom $class, ?string $yearId): Collection
             ->with(['subject:id,name,code,parent_id', 'subject.parent:id,name'])
             ->get()
             // Regroupe les sous-matières sous leur matière parente.
-            ->sortBy(fn ($cs) => ($cs->subject?->parent?->name ?? $cs->subject?->name).'~'.($cs->subject?->name))
+            ->sortBy(fn ($cs) => ($cs->subject?->parent->name ?? $cs->subject->name).'~'.($cs->subject->name))
             ->values();
     }
 
@@ -282,7 +282,7 @@ private function teachersBySubject(string $classId, ?string $yearId): array
             ->when($yearId, fn ($q) => $q->where('academic_year_id', $yearId))
             ->with('teacher:id,firstname,lastname')
             ->get()
-            ->mapWithKeys(fn ($a) => [$a->subject_id => trim(($a->teacher?->firstname ?? '').' '.($a->teacher?->lastname ?? ''))])
+            ->mapWithKeys(fn ($a) => [$a->subject_id => trim(($a->teacher->firstname ?? '').' '.($a->teacher->lastname ?? ''))])
             ->toArray();
     }
 
diff --git a/app/Services/StatisticsService.php b/app/Services/StatisticsService.php
index 9d515c80..353cef0b 100644
--- a/app/Services/StatisticsService.php
+++ b/app/Services/StatisticsService.php
@@ -334,10 +334,10 @@ public function successStats(array $filters): array
             'moyenne_generale' => $rcStats->avg_moy !== null ? round((float) $rcStats->avg_moy, 2) : null,
             'pass_rate' => $rcTotal > 0 ? round(((int) $rcStats->pass_count) / $rcTotal * 100, 1) : 0.0,
             'mentions' => [
-                'passable' => (int) ($mentions['passable'] ?? 0),
-                'assez_bien' => (int) ($mentions['assez_bien'] ?? 0),
-                'bien' => (int) ($mentions['bien'] ?? 0),
-                'tres_bien' => (int) ($mentions['tres_bien'] ?? 0),
+                'passable' => (int) ($mentions['passable']),
+                'assez_bien' => (int) ($mentions['assez_bien']),
+                'bien' => (int) ($mentions['bien']),
+                'tres_bien' => (int) ($mentions['tres_bien']),
             ],
             'exams' => $exams,
             'exams_summary' => [
@@ -395,6 +395,9 @@ public function attendanceStats(array $filters): array
             ->sortByDesc('absence_rate')
             ->values();
 
+        // GROUP BY + HAVING : un ->count() SQL compterait les lignes par groupe,
+        // pas le nombre de groupes. On matérialise puis on compte en mémoire.
+        // @phpstan-ignore larastan.noUnnecessaryCollectionCall
         $chronic = (clone $base)
             ->where('ar.status', 'absent')
             ->groupBy('ar.student_id')
diff --git a/app/Support/FrenchNumberSpeller.php b/app/Support/FrenchNumberSpeller.php
index f0b8079c..a883b1ee 100644
--- a/app/Support/FrenchNumberSpeller.php
+++ b/app/Support/FrenchNumberSpeller.php
@@ -138,7 +138,7 @@ private static function tens(int $n, bool $isFinal): string
                 ? ($isFinal ? 'quatre-vingts' : 'quatre-vingt')
                 : 'quatre-vingt-'.self::UNITS[$unit],
             90 => 'quatre-vingt-'.self::UNITS[10 + $unit],
-            default => self::UNITS[$n], // inatteignable, garde-fou
+            default => throw new \LogicException("Dizaine inattendue: {$base}"), // inatteignable pour n ∈ [20,99]
         };
     }
 
diff --git a/app/Traits/HasMatricule.php b/app/Traits/HasMatricule.php
index 0dd83ade..f3914455 100644
--- a/app/Traits/HasMatricule.php
+++ b/app/Traits/HasMatricule.php
@@ -14,9 +14,10 @@ trait HasMatricule
      */
     public static function bootHasMatricule()
     {
-        // Générer le matricule avant la création si absent
-        static::creating(function ($model) {
-            if (empty($model->natricule) && method_exists($model, 'generateMatricule')) {
+        // Générer le matricule avant la création si absent.
+        // Le modèle hôte expose generateMatricule() (cf. User::generateMatricule()).
+        static::creating(function (self $model) {
+            if (empty($model->natricule)) {
                 $model->natricule = $model->generateMatricule();
             }
         });
diff --git a/bootstrap/app.php b/bootstrap/app.php
index 6f392011..15c3e254 100644
--- a/bootstrap/app.php
+++ b/bootstrap/app.php
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@
 use App\Http\Middleware\ForcePasswordChange;
 use App\Http\Middleware\HandleAppearance;
 use App\Http\Middleware\HandleInertiaRequests;
+use App\Http\Middleware\SetLocale;
 use Illuminate\Foundation\Application;
 use Illuminate\Foundation\Configuration\Exceptions;
 use Illuminate\Foundation\Configuration\Middleware;
@@ -24,6 +25,7 @@
 
         $middleware->web(append: [
             HandleAppearance::class,
+            SetLocale::class,
             HandleInertiaRequests::class,
             AddLinkHeadersForPreloadedAssets::class,
             ForcePasswordChange::class,
diff --git a/composer.json b/composer.json
index 838e5ffd..69119b1c 100644
--- a/composer.json
+++ b/composer.json
@@ -17,12 +17,13 @@
         "laravel/sanctum": "^4.3",
         "laravel/tinker": "^2.10.1",
         "laravel/wayfinder": "^0.1.9",
-        "maatwebsite/excel": "*",
+        "maatwebsite/excel": "^4.0",
         "sentry/sentry-laravel": "*",
         "spatie/laravel-permission": "*"
     },
     "require-dev": {
         "fakerphp/faker": "^1.23",
+        "larastan/larastan": "^3.0",
         "laravel/boost": "2.0",
         "laravel/pail": "^1.2.2",
         "laravel/pint": "^1.24",
@@ -67,6 +68,9 @@
         "test:lint": [
             "pint --parallel --test"
         ],
+        "analyse": [
+            "phpstan analyse --memory-limit=512M"
+        ],
         "test": [
             "@php artisan config:clear --ansi",
             "@test:lint",
diff --git a/composer.lock b/composer.lock
index de56dedb..e5c6c0c9 100644
--- a/composer.lock
+++ b/composer.lock
@@ -4,20 +4,20 @@
         "Read more about it at https://getcomposer.org/doc/01-basic-usage.md#installing-dependencies",
         "This file is @generated automatically"
     ],
-    "content-hash": "f057d51d47393d2a1f68d2624b5e1a0e",
+    "content-hash": "8e8103316f56c22fe702f83ff4d555d9",
     "packages": [
         {
             "name": "bacon/bacon-qr-code",
-            "version": "v3.0.3",
+            "version": "v3.1.1",
             "source": {
                 "type": "git",
                 "url": "https://github.com/Bacon/BaconQrCode.git",
-                "reference": "36a1cb2b81493fa5b82e50bf8068bf84d1542563"
+                "reference": "4da2233e72eeecd9be3b62e0dc2cc9ed8e2e31c2"
             },
             "dist": {
                 "type": "zip",
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-                "source": "https://github.com/thephpleague/uri-interfaces/tree/7.8.0"
+                "source": "https://github.com/thephpleague/uri-interfaces/tree/7.10.0"
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+                "php": "^8.3",
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-                "predis/predis": "^1.1"
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+                "ext-sqlite3": "*",
+                "larastan/larastan": "^3.10",
+                "laravel/pint": "^1.29",
+                "laravel/scout": "^10.25 || ^11.2",
+                "orchestra/testbench": "^10.11 || ^11.1",
+                "phpstan/extension-installer": "^1.4",
+                "phpstan/phpstan-mockery": "^2.0",
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@@ -3158,24 +3232,25 @@
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                 "url": "https://github.com/Masterminds/html5-php.git",
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-                "php": ">=5.3.0"
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@@ -3219,22 +3294,22 @@
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-                "source": "https://github.com/Masterminds/html5-php/tree/2.10.0"
+                "source": "https://github.com/Masterminds/html5-php/tree/2.12.0"
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-            "time": "2025-07-25T09:04:22+00:00"
+            "time": "2026-10-25T08:57:58+00:00"
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-            "version": "3.10.0",
+            "version": "3.12.1",
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                 "url": "https://github.com/Seldaek/monolog.git",
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@@ -3260,6 +3335,7 @@
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                 "predis/predis": "^1.1 || ^2",
+                "psr/clock": "^1.0",
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                 "ruflin/elastica": "^7 || ^8",
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@@ -3278,6 +3354,7 @@
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                 "mongodb/mongodb": "Allow sending log messages to a MongoDB server (via library)",
                 "php-amqplib/php-amqplib": "Allow sending log messages to an AMQP server using php-amqplib",
+                "psr/clock": "Required to pass a clock to the Logger and control the timestamp of log records",
                 "rollbar/rollbar": "Allow sending log messages to Rollbar",
                 "ruflin/elastica": "Allow sending log messages to an Elastic Search server"
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@@ -3312,7 +3389,7 @@
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                 "issues": "https://github.com/Seldaek/monolog/issues",
-                "source": "https://github.com/Seldaek/monolog/tree/3.10.0"
+                "source": "https://github.com/Seldaek/monolog/tree/3.12.1"
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@@ -3324,20 +3401,20 @@
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-            "time": "2026-01-02T08:56:05+00:00"
+            "time": "2026-09-29T19:21:12+00:00"
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-            "version": "3.11.3",
+            "version": "3.15.1",
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                 "url": "https://github.com/CarbonPHP/carbon.git",
-                "reference": "6a7e652845bb018c668220c2a545aded8594fbbf"
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-                "reference": "6a7e652845bb018c668220c2a545aded8594fbbf",
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@@ -3347,6 +3424,7 @@
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                 "symfony/polyfill-mbstring": "^1.0",
+                "symfony/polyfill-time": "^1.0",
                 "symfony/translation": "^4.4.18 || ^5.2.1 || ^6.0 || ^7.0 || ^8.0"
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@@ -3357,7 +3435,7 @@
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                 "kylekatarnls/multi-tester": "^2.5.3",
-                "phpmd/phpmd": "^2.15.0",
+                "phpmd/phpmd": "^3.0@dev",
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@@ -3429,37 +3507,37 @@
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-            "time": "2026-03-11T17:23:39+00:00"
+            "time": "2026-10-25T14:32:48+00:00"
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-            "version": "v1.3.5",
+            "version": "v1.4.0",
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                 "url": "https://github.com/nette/schema.git",
-                "reference": "f0ab1a3cda782dbc5da270d28545236aa80c4002"
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-                "reference": "f0ab1a3cda782dbc5da270d28545236aa80c4002",
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+                "reference": "af9fa8a86bfca9b02b10346220db26e62ef942ec",
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             "require": {
                 "nette/utils": "^4.0",
-                "php": "8.1 - 8.5"
+                "php": "8.1 - 8.6"
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             "require-dev": {
-                "nette/phpstan-rules": "^1.0",
+                "nette/phpstan-rules": "^1.0.7",
                 "nette/tester": "^2.6",
                 "phpstan/extension-installer": "^1.4@stable",
-                "phpstan/phpstan": "^2.1.39@stable",
+                "phpstan/phpstan": "^2.3@stable",
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             "type": "library",
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-                    "dev-master": "1.3-dev"
+                    "dev-master": "1.4-dev"
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@@ -3480,40 +3558,40 @@
                 {
                     "name": "David Grudl",
                     "homepage": "https://davidgrudl.com"
-                },
-                {
-                    "name": "Nette Community",
-                    "homepage": "https://nette.org/contributors"
                 }
             ],
-            "description": "📐 Nette Schema: validating data structures against a given Schema.",
-            "homepage": "https://nette.org",
+            "description": "📐 Nette Schema: validates and normalizes data such as configuration or API input against a schema described in a few readable lines of PHP, with precise error messages.",
+            "homepage": "https://doc.nette.org/schema",
             "keywords": [
-                "config",
-                "nette"
+                "configuration",
+                "data validation",
+                "nette",
+                "normalization",
+                "schema",
+                "validation"
             ],
             "support": {
                 "issues": "https://github.com/nette/schema/issues",
-                "source": "https://github.com/nette/schema/tree/v1.3.5"
+                "source": "https://github.com/nette/schema/tree/v1.4.0"
             },
-            "time": "2026-02-23T03:47:12+00:00"
+            "time": "2026-10-22T02:12:50+00:00"
         },
         {
             "name": "nette/utils",
-            "version": "v4.1.3",
+            "version": "v4.1.6",
             "source": {
                 "type": "git",
                 "url": "https://github.com/nette/utils.git",
-                "reference": "bb3ea637e3d131d72acc033cfc2746ee893349fe"
+                "reference": "6bf24518accf32cf845bca305e0b92078700fd01"
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-                "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/nette/utils/zipball/bb3ea637e3d131d72acc033cfc2746ee893349fe",
-                "reference": "bb3ea637e3d131d72acc033cfc2746ee893349fe",
+                "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/nette/utils/zipball/6bf24518accf32cf845bca305e0b92078700fd01",
+                "reference": "6bf24518accf32cf845bca305e0b92078700fd01",
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             },
             "require": {
-                "php": "8.2 - 8.5"
+                "php": "8.2 - 8.6"
             },
             "conflict": {
                 "nette/finder": "<3",
@@ -3529,7 +3607,7 @@
             },
             "suggest": {
                 "ext-gd": "to use Image",
-                "ext-iconv": "to use Strings::webalize(), toAscii(), chr() and reverse()",
+                "ext-iconv": "to use Strings::chr(), ord() and reverse()",
                 "ext-intl": "to use Strings::webalize(), toAscii(), normalize() and compare()",
                 "ext-json": "to use Nette\\Utils\\Json",
                 "ext-mbstring": "to use Strings::lower() etc...",
@@ -3585,26 +3663,25 @@
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@@ -7896,14 +8849,15 @@
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@@ -8115,125 +9013,371 @@
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+            "license": [
+                "BSD-3-Clause"
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+                    "email": "hello@gjcampbell.co.uk",
+                    "homepage": "https://github.com/GrahamCampbell"
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+                    "email": "vance@vancelucas.com",
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+            "require-dev": {
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+                "ext-intl": "Use Intl for transliterator_transliterate() support"
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+            "autoload": {
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+            },
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+                }
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+            "keywords": [
+                "ascii",
+                "clean",
+                "php"
+            ],
+            "support": {
+                "issues": "https://github.com/voku/portable-ascii/issues",
+                "source": "https://github.com/voku/portable-ascii/tree/2.1.1"
+            },
+            "funding": [
+                {
+                    "url": "https://www.paypal.me/moelleken",
+                    "type": "custom"
+                },
+                {
+                    "url": "https://github.com/voku",
+                    "type": "github"
+                },
+                {
+                    "url": "https://opencollective.com/portable-ascii",
+                    "type": "open_collective"
+                },
+                {
+                    "url": "https://www.patreon.com/voku",
+                    "type": "patreon"
+                },
+                {
+                    "url": "https://tidelift.com/funding/github/packagist/voku/portable-ascii",
+                    "type": "tidelift"
+                }
+            ],
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+        },
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+            "name": "web-auth/cose-lib",
+            "version": "4.8.2",
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+                "reference": "8849e8bf043a2d42d0bec5bda5db2469ad376148",
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+                "ext-json": "*",
+                "ext-openssl": "*",
+                "php": ">=8.1",
+                "spomky-labs/pki-framework": "^1.0"
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+            },
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+                "ext-gmp": "Recommended: without GMP or BCMath, signing with RSASSA-PSS (PS256/PS384/PS512) blinds its private exponentiation in pure PHP",
+                "ext-sodium": "Required by the EdDSA/Ed25519 signature algorithms (-8, -19, -260, -261) and to recompute an OKP public key from its private key",
+                "spomky-labs/cbor-php": "Required by the RFC 9052 header reader and cryptographic structures. 3.4.0 or later: it ships the six COSE message classes (CBOR\\Tag\\CoseSign1Tag and its siblings) that replace the deprecated Cose\\...Tag classes, and its decoder is what enforces the RFC 9052 label uniqueness and nesting bounds this library relies on"
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+            "autoload": {
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+            },
+            "notification-url": "https://packagist.org/downloads/",
+            "license": [
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+            ],
+            "authors": [
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+                    "name": "Florent Morselli",
+                    "homepage": "https://github.com/Spomky"
+                },
+                {
+                    "name": "All contributors",
+                    "homepage": "https://github.com/web-auth/cose/contributors"
+                }
+            ],
+            "description": "CBOR Object Signing and Encryption (COSE) For PHP",
+            "homepage": "https://github.com/web-auth",
+            "keywords": [
+                "COSE",
+                "RFC8152"
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+                "source": "https://github.com/web-auth/cose-lib/tree/4.8.2"
+            },
+            "funding": [
+                {
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+                    "type": "github"
+                },
+                {
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+                    "type": "patreon"
+                }
+            ],
+            "time": "2026-09-15T17:30:33+00:00"
         },
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-            "version": "v5.6.3",
+            "name": "web-auth/webauthn-lib",
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-                "url": "https://github.com/vlucas/phpdotenv.git",
-                "reference": "955e7815d677a3eaa7075231212f2110983adecc"
+                "url": "https://github.com/web-auth/webauthn-lib.git",
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-                "reference": "955e7815d677a3eaa7075231212f2110983adecc",
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+                "psr/log": "^1.0|^2.0|^3.0",
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+                "spomky-labs/pki-framework": "^1.0",
+                "symfony/clock": "^6.4|^7.0|^8.0",
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+                "symfony/uid": "^6.4|^7.0|^8.0",
+                "web-auth/cose-lib": "^4.8"
             },
             "suggest": {
-                "ext-filter": "Required to use the boolean validator."
+                "psr/log-implementation": "Recommended to receive logs from the library",
+                "symfony/event-dispatcher": "Recommended to use dispatched events",
+                "web-token/jwt-library": "Mandatory for fetching Metadata Statement from distant sources"
             },
             "type": "library",
             "extra": {
-                "bamarni-bin": {
-                    "bin-links": true,
-                    "forward-command": false
-                },
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-                    "Dotenv\\": "src/"
+                    "Webauthn\\": "src/"
                 }
             },
             "notification-url": "https://packagist.org/downloads/",
             "license": [
-                "BSD-3-Clause"
+                "MIT"
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-                    "email": "hello@gjcampbell.co.uk",
-                    "homepage": "https://github.com/GrahamCampbell"
+                    "name": "Florent Morselli",
+                    "homepage": "https://github.com/Spomky"
                 },
                 {
-                    "name": "Vance Lucas",
-                    "email": "vance@vancelucas.com",
-                    "homepage": "https://github.com/vlucas"
+                    "name": "All contributors",
+                    "homepage": "https://github.com/web-auth/webauthn-library/contributors"
                 }
             ],
-            "description": "Loads environment variables from `.env` to `getenv()`, `$_ENV` and `$_SERVER` automagically.",
+            "description": "FIDO2/Webauthn Support For PHP",
+            "homepage": "https://github.com/web-auth",
             "keywords": [
-                "dotenv",
-                "env",
-                "environment"
+                "FIDO2",
+                "fido",
+                "webauthn"
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-                "source": "https://github.com/vlucas/phpdotenv/tree/v5.6.3"
+                "source": "https://github.com/web-auth/webauthn-lib/tree/5.3.12"
             },
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                 {
-                    "url": "https://github.com/GrahamCampbell",
+                    "url": "https://github.com/Spomky",
                     "type": "github"
                 },
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-                    "url": "https://tidelift.com/funding/github/packagist/vlucas/phpdotenv",
-                    "type": "tidelift"
+                    "url": "https://www.patreon.com/FlorentMorselli",
+                    "type": "patreon"
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-            "time": "2025-12-27T19:49:13+00:00"
+            "time": "2026-11-03T09:21:08+00:00"
         },
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-            "version": "2.0.3",
+            "name": "webmozart/assert",
+            "version": "2.5.0",
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-                "url": "https://github.com/voku/portable-ascii.git",
-                "reference": "b1d923f88091c6bf09699efcd7c8a1b1bfd7351d"
+                "url": "https://github.com/webmozarts/assert.git",
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-                "reference": "b1d923f88091c6bf09699efcd7c8a1b1bfd7351d",
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+                "ext-ctype": "*",
+                "ext-date": "*",
+                "ext-filter": "*",
+                "php": "^8.2"
             },
             "suggest": {
-                "ext-intl": "Use Intl for transliterator_transliterate() support"
+                "ext-intl": "",
+                "ext-simplexml": "",
+                "ext-spl": ""
             },
             "type": "library",
+            "extra": {
+                "psalm": {
+                    "pluginClass": "Webmozart\\Assert\\PsalmPlugin"
+                },
+                "branch-alias": {
+                    "dev-master": "2.0-dev",
+                    "dev-feature/2-0": "2.0-dev"
+                }
+            },
             "autoload": {
                 "psr-4": {
-                    "voku\\": "src/voku/"
+                    "Webmozart\\Assert\\": "src/"
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             "notification-url": "https://packagist.org/downloads/",
@@ -8242,44 +9386,25 @@
             ],
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                 {
-                    "name": "Lars Moelleken",
-                    "homepage": "https://www.moelleken.org/"
+                    "name": "Bernhard Schussek",
+                    "email": "bschussek@gmail.com"
+                },
+                {
+                    "name": "Woody Gilk",
+                    "email": "woody.gilk@gmail.com"
                 }
             ],
-            "description": "Portable ASCII library - performance optimized (ascii) string functions for php.",
-            "homepage": "https://github.com/voku/portable-ascii",
+            "description": "Assertions to validate method input/output with nice error messages.",
             "keywords": [
-                "ascii",
-                "clean",
-                "php"
+                "assert",
+                "check",
+                "validate"
             ],
             "support": {
-                "issues": "https://github.com/voku/portable-ascii/issues",
-                "source": "https://github.com/voku/portable-ascii/tree/2.0.3"
+                "issues": "https://github.com/webmozarts/assert/issues",
+                "source": "https://github.com/webmozarts/assert/tree/2.5.0"
             },
-            "funding": [
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-                    "url": "https://www.paypal.me/moelleken",
-                    "type": "custom"
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-                {
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-                    "type": "github"
-                },
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-                    "type": "tidelift"
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-            ],
-            "time": "2024-11-21T01:49:47+00:00"
+            "time": "2026-10-05T23:14:19+00:00"
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     ],
     "packages-dev": [
@@ -8348,16 +9473,16 @@
         },
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-            "version": "2.18.4",
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-                "reference": "d2102955e48b9fd9ab24280a7ad12ed552752c4d"
+                "reference": "d5480d53f10069dc4620a39f87e38e8945d47322"
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-                "reference": "d2102955e48b9fd9ab24280a7ad12ed552752c4d",
+                "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/filp/whoops/zipball/d5480d53f10069dc4620a39f87e38e8945d47322",
+                "reference": "d5480d53f10069dc4620a39f87e38e8945d47322",
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@@ -8366,8 +9491,8 @@
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-                "phpunit/phpunit": "^7.5.20 || ^8.5.8 || ^9.3.3",
-                "symfony/var-dumper": "^4.0 || ^5.0"
+                "phpunit/phpunit": "^7.5.20 || ^8.5.8 || ^9.3.3 || ^10.5.58",
+                "symfony/var-dumper": "^4.0 || ^5.0 || ^6.0 || ^7.0 || ^8.0"
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                 "symfony/var-dumper": "Pretty print complex values better with var-dumper available",
@@ -8407,7 +9532,7 @@
             ],
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-                "source": "https://github.com/filp/whoops/tree/2.18.4"
+                "source": "https://github.com/filp/whoops/tree/2.19.3"
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@@ -8415,23 +9540,25 @@
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-            "time": "2025-08-08T12:00:00+00:00"
+            "time": "2026-11-09T23:30:17+00:00"
         },
         {
             "name": "hamcrest/hamcrest-php",
-            "version": "v2.1.1",
+            "version": "v3.0.0",
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                 "url": "https://github.com/hamcrest/hamcrest-php.git",
-                "reference": "f8b1c0173b22fa6ec77a81fe63e5b01eba7e6487"
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+                "ext-dom": "*",
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             "replace": {
@@ -8440,13 +9567,15 @@
                 "kodova/hamcrest-php": "*"
             },
             "require-dev": {
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-                    "dev-master": "2.1-dev"
+                    "dev-master": "3.0-dev"
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@@ -8464,9 +9593,139 @@
             ],
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                 "issues": "https://github.com/hamcrest/hamcrest-php/issues",
-                "source": "https://github.com/hamcrest/hamcrest-php/tree/v2.1.1"
+                "source": "https://github.com/hamcrest/hamcrest-php/tree/v3.0.0"
+            },
+            "time": "2026-03-17T11:56:53+00:00"
+        },
+        {
+            "name": "iamcal/sql-parser",
+            "version": "v0.7",
+            "source": {
+                "type": "git",
+                "url": "https://github.com/iamcal/SQLParser.git",
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+            "require-dev": {
+                "php-coveralls/php-coveralls": "^1.0",
+                "phpunit/phpunit": "^5|^6|^7|^8|^9"
+            },
+            "type": "library",
+            "autoload": {
+                "psr-4": {
+                    "iamcal\\": "src"
+                }
+            },
+            "notification-url": "https://packagist.org/downloads/",
+            "license": [
+                "MIT"
+            ],
+            "authors": [
+                {
+                    "name": "Cal Henderson",
+                    "email": "cal@iamcal.com"
+                }
+            ],
+            "description": "MySQL schema parser",
+            "support": {
+                "issues": "https://github.com/iamcal/SQLParser/issues",
+                "source": "https://github.com/iamcal/SQLParser/tree/v0.7"
+            },
+            "time": "2026-01-28T22:20:33+00:00"
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             "name": "sebastian/cli-parser",
@@ -10733,16 +12041,16 @@
         },
         {
             "name": "symfony/yaml",
-            "version": "v7.4.6",
+            "version": "v7.4.23",
             "source": {
                 "type": "git",
                 "url": "https://github.com/symfony/yaml.git",
-                "reference": "58751048de17bae71c5aa0d13cb19d79bca26391"
+                "reference": "1e601207ffe627a2e621faa9d661f1d32dcf1cec"
             },
             "dist": {
                 "type": "zip",
-                "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/symfony/yaml/zipball/58751048de17bae71c5aa0d13cb19d79bca26391",
-                "reference": "58751048de17bae71c5aa0d13cb19d79bca26391",
+                "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/symfony/yaml/zipball/1e601207ffe627a2e621faa9d661f1d32dcf1cec",
+                "reference": "1e601207ffe627a2e621faa9d661f1d32dcf1cec",
                 "shasum": ""
             },
             "require": {
@@ -10785,7 +12093,7 @@
             "description": "Loads and dumps YAML files",
             "homepage": "https://symfony.com",
             "support": {
-                "source": "https://github.com/symfony/yaml/tree/v7.4.6"
+                "source": "https://github.com/symfony/yaml/tree/v7.4.23"
             },
             "funding": [
                 {
@@ -10805,7 +12113,7 @@
                     "type": "tidelift"
                 }
             ],
-            "time": "2026-02-09T09:33:46+00:00"
+            "time": "2026-11-04T08:27:22+00:00"
         },
         {
             "name": "theseer/tokenizer",
diff --git a/config/app.php b/config/app.php
index ccc7d996..9c8abddc 100644
--- a/config/app.php
+++ b/config/app.php
@@ -81,9 +81,9 @@
     |
     */
 
-    'locale' => env('APP_LOCALE', 'en'),
+    'locale' => env('APP_LOCALE', 'fr'),
 
-    'fallback_locale' => env('APP_FALLBACK_LOCALE', 'en'),
+    'fallback_locale' => env('APP_FALLBACK_LOCALE', 'fr'),
 
     'faker_locale' => env('APP_FAKER_LOCALE', 'en_US'),
 
diff --git a/database/migrations/2026_02_16_150000_add_unique_indexes_to_matricules.php b/database/migrations/2026_02_16_150000_add_unique_indexes_to_matricules.php
index 60ef1dc7..53d5760b 100644
--- a/database/migrations/2026_02_16_150000_add_unique_indexes_to_matricules.php
+++ b/database/migrations/2026_02_16_150000_add_unique_indexes_to_matricules.php
@@ -16,7 +16,7 @@ public function up(): void
             Schema::table('users', function (Blueprint $table) {
                 // Check if index doesn't already exist
                 if (! Schema::hasIndex('users', 'users_natricule_unique')) {
-                    $table->unique('natricule')->index();
+                    $table->unique('natricule');
                 }
             });
         }
@@ -25,7 +25,7 @@ public function up(): void
         if (Schema::hasTable('students') && Schema::hasColumn('students', 'registration_number')) {
             Schema::table('students', function (Blueprint $table) {
                 if (! Schema::hasIndex('students', 'students_registration_number_unique')) {
-                    $table->unique('registration_number')->index();
+                    $table->unique('registration_number');
                 }
             });
         }
diff --git a/database/migrations/2026_06_14_000011_add_locked_at_to_evaluations_table.php b/database/migrations/2026_06_14_000011_add_locked_at_to_evaluations_table.php
index d8bbe6ec..b1000e37 100644
--- a/database/migrations/2026_06_14_000011_add_locked_at_to_evaluations_table.php
+++ b/database/migrations/2026_06_14_000011_add_locked_at_to_evaluations_table.php
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ public function up(): void
     {
         Schema::table('evaluations', function (Blueprint $table) {
             $table->timestamp('locked_at')->nullable()->after('status');
-            $table->foreignUuid('locked_by')->nullable()->constrained('users')->nullOnDelete()->after('locked_at');
+            $table->foreignUuid('locked_by')->nullable()->after('locked_at')->constrained('users')->nullOnDelete();
         });
     }
 
diff --git a/database/migrations/2026_10_21_000001_add_locale_to_users_table.php b/database/migrations/2026_10_21_000001_add_locale_to_users_table.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7700f758
--- /dev/null
+++ b/database/migrations/2026_10_21_000001_add_locale_to_users_table.php
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+<?php
+
+use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
+use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
+
+return new class extends Migration
+{
+    public function up(): void
+    {
+        Schema::table('users', function (Blueprint $table): void {
+            // Langue préférée de l'utilisateur (null → langue par défaut de l'app).
+            $table->string('locale', 5)->nullable()->after('email');
+        });
+    }
+
+    public function down(): void
+    {
+        Schema::table('users', function (Blueprint $table): void {
+            $table->dropColumn('locale');
+        });
+    }
+};
diff --git a/database/seeders/DemoSeeder.php b/database/seeders/DemoSeeder.php
index f4d851ca..8dca323c 100644
--- a/database/seeders/DemoSeeder.php
+++ b/database/seeders/DemoSeeder.php
@@ -251,7 +251,7 @@ private function resolveContext(): bool
     /** Cycle d'une classe, tel que référencé par self::CURRICULUM. */
     private function cycleOf(Classroom $class): string
     {
-        $type = Str::lower($class->type?->name ?? '');
+        $type = Str::lower($class->type->name ?? '');
 
         return match (true) {
             str_contains($type, 'primaire'), str_contains($type, 'maternelle') => 'primaire',
diff --git a/database/seeders/StudentTestSeeder.php b/database/seeders/StudentTestSeeder.php
index b367ac1f..a21b9a50 100644
--- a/database/seeders/StudentTestSeeder.php
+++ b/database/seeders/StudentTestSeeder.php
@@ -54,10 +54,12 @@ public function run(): void
         $classroomIds = Classroom::query()->pluck('id')->all();
         $enrolledBy = User::query()->value('id');
 
-        $canEnroll = $school && $academicYear && $classroomIds !== [];
+        // $academicYear est toujours résolu (créé au besoin) ; seules l'école et
+        // les classes peuvent manquer sur une base vide.
+        $canEnroll = $school && $classroomIds !== [];
         if (! $canEnroll) {
             $this->command?->warn(
-                'Élèves créés sans inscription : école, année académique active ou classes manquantes.'
+                'Élèves créés sans inscription : école ou classes manquantes.'
             );
         }
 
@@ -162,7 +164,7 @@ public function run(): void
      * Année académique active : on réutilise l'existante, sinon on crée
      * l'année scolaire courante (développement uniquement).
      */
-    private function resolveAcademicYear(): ?AcademicYear
+    private function resolveAcademicYear(): AcademicYear
     {
         $active = AcademicYear::query()->where('active', true)->first()
             ?? AcademicYear::query()->latest('start_date')->first();
diff --git a/lang/en/administration.php b/lang/en/administration.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c137b6cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lang/en/administration.php
@@ -0,0 +1,570 @@
+<?php
+
+return [
+    'audit_logs' => [
+        'head' => 'Audit log',
+        'subtitle' => 'History of creations, modifications and deletions on sensitive data.',
+        'search_ph' => 'Search (entity label)…',
+        'action' => 'Action',
+        'all_actions' => 'All actions',
+        'entity' => 'Entity',
+        'all_entities' => 'All entities',
+        'event_created' => 'Creation',
+        'event_updated' => 'Modification',
+        'event_deleted' => 'Deletion',
+        'event_restored' => 'Restoration',
+        'col_date' => 'Date',
+        'col_author' => 'Author',
+        'col_action' => 'Action',
+        'col_entity' => 'Entity',
+        'col_changes' => 'Changes',
+        'empty' => 'No entry.',
+        'system' => 'System',
+        'more_fields' => '+:count field(s)…',
+        'range' => 'Showing :from to :to of :total',
+    ],
+
+    'guardians' => [
+        'index' => [
+            'head' => 'Portal access',
+            'subtitle' => 'Guardian accounts and student linking for the parent portal.',
+            'new' => 'New guardian',
+            'search_ph' => 'Search for a guardian (name, email, phone) or a child (ID number, name)…',
+            'clear_search' => 'Clear search',
+            'col_guardian' => 'Guardian',
+            'col_email' => 'Email',
+            'col_children' => 'Children',
+            'col_status' => 'Status',
+            'col_actions' => 'Actions',
+            'empty' => 'No guardian account.',
+            'activated' => 'Activated',
+            'pending' => 'Pending',
+            'resend_invite' => 'Resend the invitation',
+            'edit' => 'Edit',
+            'delete' => 'Delete',
+            'range' => 'Showing :from to :to of :total',
+            'delete_title' => 'Delete this guardian account?',
+            'delete_desc' => 'Portal access will be revoked. Students are not affected.',
+            'cancel' => 'Cancel',
+        ],
+        'create' => [
+            'head' => 'New guardian',
+            'title' => 'New guardian',
+            'subtitle' => 'Create the account and link it to one or more students (by ID number).',
+        ],
+        'edit' => [
+            'head' => 'Edit guardian',
+            'title' => 'Edit guardian',
+        ],
+        'form' => [
+            'first_name' => 'First name *',
+            'last_name' => 'Last name *',
+            'email' => 'Email *',
+            'phone' => 'Phone',
+            'linked_students' => 'Linked students',
+            'search_student_ph' => 'Search for a student by name or ID number…',
+            'searching' => 'Searching…',
+            'no_student' => 'No student found.',
+            'remove_student' => 'Remove :name',
+            'none_linked' => 'No linked student yet.',
+            'matricule_not_found' => 'An ID number cannot be found.',
+            'send_invitation' => 'Send the invitation by email',
+            'save' => 'Save',
+            'create' => 'Create the guardian',
+            'cancel' => 'Cancel',
+        ],
+    ],
+
+    'permissions' => [
+        'index' => [
+            'head' => 'Permissions',
+            'subtitle' => 'Manage the application permissions',
+            'new' => 'New permission',
+            'stat_total' => 'Total permissions',
+            'stat_avg_per_role' => 'Average per role',
+            'stat_page' => 'Page',
+            'search_ph' => 'Search for a permission by name or description...',
+            'search' => 'Search',
+            'results_for' => 'Results for:',
+            'col_name' => 'Name',
+            'col_description' => 'Description',
+            'col_roles' => 'Associated roles',
+            'col_actions' => 'Actions',
+            'empty' => 'No permission found',
+            'view' => 'View',
+            'edit' => 'Edit',
+            'delete' => 'Delete',
+            'range' => 'Showing :from to :to of :total permissions',
+            'previous' => 'Previous',
+            'next' => 'Next',
+            'page_of' => 'Page :current of :last',
+            'delete_title' => 'Delete the permission',
+            'delete_desc' => 'Are you sure you want to delete this permission? This action is irreversible.',
+            'cancel' => 'Cancel',
+            'deleting' => 'Deleting...',
+        ],
+        'create' => [
+            'head' => 'Create a permission',
+            'title' => 'Create a new permission',
+            'name' => 'Permission name *',
+            'name_ph' => 'E.g. view_students',
+            'name_hint' => 'Use lowercase characters and underscores',
+            'description' => 'Description',
+            'description_ph' => 'Describe the permission...',
+            'creating' => 'Creating...',
+            'create' => 'Create',
+            'cancel' => 'Cancel',
+        ],
+        'edit' => [
+            'head' => 'Edit :name',
+            'title' => 'Edit the permission',
+            'name' => 'Permission name *',
+            'name_ph' => 'E.g. view_students',
+            'name_hint' => 'Use lowercase characters and underscores',
+            'description' => 'Description',
+            'description_ph' => 'Describe the permission...',
+            'updating' => 'Updating...',
+            'update' => 'Update',
+            'cancel' => 'Cancel',
+        ],
+        'show' => [
+            'edit' => 'Edit',
+            'info' => 'Information',
+            'name' => 'Name',
+            'description' => 'Description',
+            'assigned_roles' => 'Assigned roles',
+            'events' => 'Events',
+            'created_on' => 'Created on',
+            'updated_on' => 'Modified on',
+            'stats' => 'Statistics',
+            'associated_roles' => 'Associated roles',
+            'no_role' => 'No role uses this permission.',
+        ],
+    ],
+
+    'roles' => [
+        'index' => [
+            'head' => 'Roles',
+            'title' => 'Roles and Permissions',
+            'subtitle' => 'Manage roles and their permissions',
+            'new' => 'New role',
+            'stat_total' => 'Total roles',
+            'stat_avg_permissions' => 'Average permissions',
+            'stat_page' => 'Page',
+            'search_ph' => 'Search for a role by name or description...',
+            'search' => 'Search',
+            'results_for' => 'Results for:',
+            'col_name' => 'Name',
+            'col_description' => 'Description',
+            'col_permissions' => 'Permissions',
+            'col_actions' => 'Actions',
+            'empty' => 'No role found',
+            'view' => 'View',
+            'edit' => 'Edit',
+            'delete' => 'Delete',
+            'range' => 'Showing :from to :to of :total roles',
+            'previous' => 'Previous',
+            'next' => 'Next',
+            'page_of' => 'Page :current of :last',
+            'delete_title' => 'Delete the role',
+            'delete_desc' => 'Are you sure you want to delete this role? This action is irreversible.',
+            'cancel' => 'Cancel',
+            'deleting' => 'Deleting...',
+        ],
+        'create' => [
+            'head' => 'Create a role',
+            'title' => 'Create a new role',
+            'name' => 'Role name *',
+            'name_ph' => 'E.g. Administrator',
+            'description' => 'Description',
+            'description_ph' => 'Describe the role...',
+            'creating' => 'Creating...',
+            'create' => 'Create',
+            'cancel' => 'Cancel',
+            'permissions' => 'Permissions (:count)',
+        ],
+        'edit' => [
+            'head' => 'Edit :name',
+            'title' => 'Edit the role',
+            'name' => 'Role name *',
+            'name_ph' => 'E.g. Administrator',
+            'description' => 'Description',
+            'description_ph' => 'Describe the role...',
+            'updating' => 'Updating...',
+            'update' => 'Update',
+            'cancel' => 'Cancel',
+            'permissions' => 'Permissions (:count)',
+        ],
+        'show' => [
+            'edit' => 'Edit',
+            'info' => 'Information',
+            'name' => 'Name',
+            'description' => 'Description',
+            'assigned_permissions' => 'Assigned permissions',
+            'events' => 'Events',
+            'created_on' => 'Created on',
+            'updated_on' => 'Modified on',
+            'stats' => 'Statistics',
+            'role_permissions' => 'Role permissions',
+            'no_permission' => 'No permission assigned to this role.',
+        ],
+    ],
+
+    'subject_assignments' => [
+        'active' => 'Active',
+        'inactive' => 'Inactive',
+        'index' => [
+            'head' => 'Subject assignments',
+            'title' => 'Subject assignments',
+            'subtitle' => 'Manage teacher assignments to subjects and classes',
+            'statistics' => 'Assignment statistics',
+            'new' => 'New assignment',
+            'stat_total' => 'Total assignments',
+            'stat_active' => 'Active assignments',
+            'stat_page' => 'Page',
+            'all_years' => 'All years',
+            'all_classes' => 'All classes',
+            'filter_year' => 'Filter by year',
+            'filter_class' => 'Filter by class',
+            'search_ph' => 'Search by subject, teacher or class...',
+            'col_subject' => 'Subject',
+            'col_teacher' => 'Teacher',
+            'col_class' => 'Class',
+            'col_year' => 'Year',
+            'col_status' => 'Status',
+            'col_actions' => 'Actions',
+            'empty' => 'No assignment found',
+            'view' => 'View',
+            'edit' => 'Edit',
+            'delete' => 'Delete',
+            'range' => 'Showing :from to :to of :total results',
+            'previous' => 'Previous',
+            'next' => 'Next',
+            'delete_title' => 'Confirm deletion',
+            'delete_desc' => 'Are you sure you want to delete this assignment? This action is irreversible.',
+            'cancel' => 'Cancel',
+            'deleting' => 'Deleting...',
+        ],
+        'form' => [
+            'subject' => 'Subject',
+            'subject_required' => 'Subject',
+            'select_subject' => 'Select a subject',
+            'teacher' => 'Teacher',
+            'search_teacher_ph' => 'Search for a teacher...',
+            'no_user' => 'No user found.',
+            'class' => 'Class',
+            'select_class' => 'Select a class',
+            'year' => 'Academic year',
+            'select_year' => 'Select a year',
+            'extra_info' => 'Additional information',
+            'notes' => 'Notes / comments',
+            'notes_ph' => 'Notes or comments...',
+            'active' => 'Active assignment',
+            'cancel' => 'Cancel',
+        ],
+        'create' => [
+            'head' => 'Create an assignment',
+            'title' => 'Create a new assignment',
+            'subtitle' => 'Associate a subject, a teacher, a class and an academic year.',
+            'creating' => 'Creating...',
+            'submit' => 'Create the assignment',
+        ],
+        'edit' => [
+            'head' => 'Edit assignment - :subject',
+            'title' => 'Edit the assignment',
+            'saving' => 'Saving...',
+            'submit' => 'Save changes',
+        ],
+        'show' => [
+            'head' => 'Assignment - :subject',
+            'title' => 'Assignment details',
+            'edit' => 'Edit',
+            'info' => 'Assignment information',
+            'subject' => 'Subject',
+            'teacher' => 'Teacher',
+            'class' => 'Class',
+            'class_type' => 'Class type',
+            'year' => 'Academic year',
+            'status' => 'Status',
+            'notes' => 'Notes',
+            'system_info' => 'System information',
+            'created_at' => 'Creation date',
+            'updated_at' => 'Last modification',
+            'id' => 'Identifier',
+            'about' => 'About',
+            'about_desc' => 'Assignments link a teacher to a specific subject for a given class and academic year.',
+        ],
+        'statistics' => [
+            'head' => 'Assignment statistics',
+            'title' => 'Assignment statistics',
+            'subtitle' => "A teacher's assignments for an academic year",
+            'export' => 'Export (PDF)',
+            'year' => 'Academic year',
+            'teacher' => 'Teacher',
+            'select_teacher' => '— Select a teacher —',
+            'select_prompt' => 'Select a teacher to see their assignments.',
+            'kpi_assignments' => 'Assignments',
+            'kpi_active' => 'Active',
+            'kpi_subjects' => 'Subjects',
+            'kpi_classes' => 'Classes',
+            'col_subject' => 'Subject',
+            'col_class' => 'Class',
+            'col_status' => 'Status',
+            'empty' => 'No assignment for this teacher in this year.',
+        ],
+    ],
+
+    'users' => [
+        'gender' => [
+            'male' => 'Male',
+            'female' => 'Female',
+            'other' => 'Other',
+        ],
+        'pay_status' => [
+            'draft' => 'Draft',
+            'validated' => 'Validated',
+            'paid' => 'Paid',
+            'cancelled' => 'Cancelled',
+        ],
+        'days' => [
+            1 => 'Monday',
+            2 => 'Tuesday',
+            3 => 'Wednesday',
+            4 => 'Thursday',
+            5 => 'Friday',
+            6 => 'Saturday',
+            7 => 'Sunday',
+        ],
+        'months_short' => [
+            1 => 'Jan',
+            2 => 'Feb',
+            3 => 'Mar',
+            4 => 'Apr',
+            5 => 'May',
+            6 => 'Jun',
+            7 => 'Jul',
+            8 => 'Aug',
+            9 => 'Sep',
+            10 => 'Oct',
+            11 => 'Nov',
+            12 => 'Dec',
+        ],
+
+        'index' => [
+            'head' => 'Users',
+            'subtitle' => 'Manage the application users',
+            'new' => 'New user',
+            'stat_total' => 'Total users',
+            'stat_active' => 'Active users',
+            'stat_page' => 'Page',
+            'search_ph' => 'Search for a user by name, email or ID number...',
+            'all_roles' => 'All roles',
+            'all_genders' => 'All genders',
+            'filter' => 'Filter',
+            'reset' => 'Reset',
+            'active_filters' => 'Active filters',
+            'filter_search' => ' • Search: ":search"',
+            'filter_role' => ' • Role selected',
+            'filter_gender' => ' • Gender: :gender',
+            'count' => ':count user(s)',
+            'per_page' => 'Rows per page:',
+            'col_user' => 'User',
+            'col_email' => 'Email',
+            'col_matricule' => 'ID number',
+            'col_phone' => 'Phone',
+            'col_roles' => 'Roles',
+            'col_actions' => 'Actions',
+            'empty' => 'No user found',
+            'no_role' => 'No role',
+            'view' => 'View',
+            'edit' => 'Edit',
+            'delete' => 'Delete',
+            'range' => ':from–:to of :total users',
+            'delete_title' => 'Delete the user',
+            'delete_desc' => 'Are you sure you want to delete this user? This action is irreversible.',
+            'cancel' => 'Cancel',
+            'deleting' => 'Deleting...',
+        ],
+
+        'form' => [
+            'personal_info' => 'Personal information',
+            'firstname' => 'First name *',
+            'firstname_ph' => 'E.g. John',
+            'lastname' => 'Last name *',
+            'lastname_ph' => 'E.g. Doe',
+            'gender' => 'Gender *',
+            'birth_date' => 'Date of birth',
+            'contact' => 'Contact details',
+            'email' => 'Email *',
+            'email_ph' => 'example@email.com',
+            'phone' => 'Phone',
+            'phone_ph' => '+228 XX XX XX XX',
+            'address' => 'Address',
+            'address_ph' => '123 Peace Street',
+            'security' => 'Security',
+            'security_hint' => 'Leave these fields empty to keep the current password.',
+            'password' => 'Password *',
+            'new_password' => 'New password',
+            'password_confirmation' => 'Confirm password *',
+            'password_confirmation_opt' => 'Confirm password',
+            'profile' => 'Profile',
+            'profile_desc' => 'Profile description',
+            'profile_ph' => "Describe the user's profile...",
+            'selected_roles' => 'Selected roles',
+            'roles_hint' => 'Assign one or more roles according to responsibilities.',
+            'roles' => 'Roles',
+            'cancel' => 'Cancel',
+        ],
+
+        'create' => [
+            'head' => 'Create a user',
+            'title' => 'Create a new user',
+            'creating' => 'Creating...',
+            'submit' => 'Create the user',
+        ],
+
+        'edit' => [
+            'head' => 'Edit :name',
+            'title' => 'Edit :name',
+            'updating' => 'Updating...',
+            'submit' => 'Update',
+        ],
+
+        'show' => [
+            'edit' => 'Edit',
+            'personal_info' => 'Personal information',
+            'firstname' => 'First name',
+            'lastname' => 'Last name',
+            'gender' => 'Gender',
+            'birth_date' => 'Date of birth',
+            'contact' => 'Contact details',
+            'email' => 'Email',
+            'phone' => 'Phone',
+            'address' => 'Address',
+            'not_provided' => 'Not provided',
+            'not_provided_f' => 'Not provided',
+            'assignments' => 'Subject assignments (:count)',
+            'no_assignment' => 'No subject assignment.',
+            'col_subject' => 'Subject',
+            'col_class' => 'Class',
+            'col_year' => 'Year',
+            'col_status' => 'Status',
+            'active' => 'Active',
+            'inactive' => 'Inactive',
+            'timetable' => 'Timetable (:count)',
+            'no_slot' => 'No slot assigned.',
+            'col_day' => 'Day',
+            'col_slot' => 'Slot',
+            'col_room' => 'Room',
+            'payslips' => 'Recent payslips (:count)',
+            'no_payslip' => 'No payslip generated.',
+            'download' => 'Download',
+            'profile' => 'Profile',
+            'history' => 'History',
+            'created_on' => 'Created on',
+            'updated_on' => 'Last modification',
+            'roles' => 'Roles (:count)',
+            'no_role' => 'No role assigned',
+            'permissions' => 'Permissions',
+            'no_permission' => 'No permission',
+        ],
+
+        'payroll' => [
+            'title' => 'Payroll / HR profile',
+            'edit' => 'Edit',
+            'remove' => 'Remove',
+            'no_profile' => 'This user does not have a payroll profile yet.',
+            'add' => 'Add to payroll',
+            'employee_number' => 'Employee number',
+            'job' => 'Job',
+            'contract' => 'Contract',
+            'status' => 'Status',
+            'grade_base' => 'Grade / base salary',
+            'off_grade' => 'Off grade (entered manually)',
+            'payment' => 'Payment',
+            'cnss' => 'CNSS number',
+            'allowances' => "Employee's allowances & deductions",
+            'no_allowance' => 'No recurring allowance or deduction.',
+            'added_by' => 'added by :name',
+            'percent_base' => ':amount% of base',
+            'delete' => 'Delete',
+            'label' => 'Label',
+            'label_ph' => 'E.g. Responsibility bonus',
+            'type' => 'Type',
+            'type_earning' => 'Earning',
+            'type_deduction' => 'Deduction',
+            'mode' => 'Mode',
+            'mode_fixed' => 'Fixed amount',
+            'mode_percent' => '% of base',
+            'percentage' => 'Percentage',
+            'amount' => 'Amount',
+            'reason' => 'Reason (traceability)',
+            'reason_ph' => 'E.g. Department head since September',
+            'add_btn' => 'Add',
+            'remove_title' => 'Remove from payroll?',
+            'remove_desc' => 'The payroll profile will be deleted. Not possible if the employee already has payslips.',
+            'cancel' => 'Cancel',
+            'delete_allowance_title' => 'Delete this allowance / deduction?',
+            'delete_allowance_desc' => 'It will no longer apply to future payslips. Already generated payslips are not affected.',
+            'contract_cdi' => 'Permanent',
+            'contract_cdd' => 'Fixed-term',
+            'contract_vacataire' => 'Contractor',
+            'contract_stagiaire' => 'Intern',
+            'status_active' => 'Active',
+            'status_suspended' => 'Suspended',
+            'status_terminated' => 'Off payroll',
+            'method_cash' => 'Cash',
+            'method_mobile_money' => 'Mobile Money',
+            'method_bank_transfer' => 'Transfer',
+            'method_cheque' => 'Cheque',
+        ],
+
+        'employee_form' => [
+            'identity' => 'Identity & position',
+            'user' => 'Associated user *',
+            'select_user' => 'Select a user',
+            'employee' => 'Employee',
+            'employee_number' => 'Employee number',
+            'employee_number_ph' => 'Auto if empty',
+            'job' => 'Job *',
+            'job_ph' => 'E.g. Teacher, Supervisor…',
+            'department' => 'Department / service',
+            'department_ph' => 'E.g. Primary, Administration…',
+            'contract' => 'Contract type *',
+            'select' => 'Select',
+            'status' => 'Status *',
+            'remuneration' => 'Remuneration & payment',
+            'grade' => 'Salary grade',
+            'no_grade_ph' => 'None (salary entered manually)',
+            'no_grade' => 'None (off grade)',
+            'grade_base' => 'Base salary: :amount (from the grade)',
+            'base_ignored' => 'Base salary (ignored, grade active)',
+            'base' => 'Monthly base salary (F) *',
+            'base_ph' => 'E.g. 120000',
+            'payment_method' => 'Payment method *',
+            'momo_number' => 'Mobile Money number',
+            'momo_number_ph' => 'E.g. +228 90 00 00 00',
+            'bank_name' => 'Bank',
+            'bank_name_ph' => 'E.g. Ecobank',
+            'bank_account' => 'Account number',
+            'cnss_number' => 'CNSS number',
+            'cnss_number_ph' => 'Social security',
+            'contract_notes' => 'Contract & notes',
+            'hire_date' => 'Hire date',
+            'end_date' => 'End date (if applicable)',
+            'notes' => 'Notes',
+            'update' => 'Update',
+            'saving' => 'Saving...',
+            'updating' => 'Updating...',
+            'create' => 'Save the employee',
+            'cancel' => 'Cancel',
+            'status_active' => 'Active',
+            'status_suspended' => 'Suspended',
+            'status_terminated' => 'Off payroll',
+            'method_cash' => 'Cash',
+            'method_mobile_money' => 'Mobile Money',
+            'method_bank_transfer' => 'Bank transfer',
+            'method_cheque' => 'Cheque',
+        ],
+    ],
+];
diff --git a/lang/en/archives.php b/lang/en/archives.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..fb95de47
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lang/en/archives.php
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+<?php
+
+return [
+    // Index
+    'head' => 'Document archives',
+    'title' => 'Document archives',
+    'subtitle_docs' => ':count archived document(s)',
+    'trashed_suffix' => ' · :count in trash',
+    'view_active' => 'View active',
+    'trash' => 'Trash',
+    'archive_doc' => 'Archive a document',
+    'search' => 'Search',
+    'search_ph' => 'Title, reference…',
+    'category' => 'Category',
+    'all_categories' => 'All',
+    'from' => 'From',
+    'to' => 'To',
+    'reset' => 'Reset',
+    'th_reference' => 'Reference',
+    'th_document' => 'Document',
+    'th_tags' => 'Tags',
+    'th_linked' => 'Linked to',
+    'th_size' => 'Size',
+    'th_archived' => 'Archived',
+    'th_actions' => 'Actions',
+    'empty_trash' => 'Trash is empty.',
+    'empty' => 'No archived document.',
+    'restore' => 'Restore',
+    'delete_forever' => 'Delete permanently',
+    'download' => 'Download',
+    'edit' => 'Edit',
+    'delete' => 'Delete',
+    'prev' => 'Previous',
+    'next' => 'Next',
+    'page_of' => 'Page :current / :last',
+    'edit_title' => 'Edit document',
+    'create_title' => 'Archive a document',
+    'edit_desc' => 'Update the metadata and tags.',
+    'create_desc' => 'Add a file to the document vault with its metadata and tags.',
+    'f_title' => 'Title',
+    'f_category' => 'Category',
+    'retention' => 'Retain until',
+    'description' => 'Description',
+    'file' => 'File',
+    'tags' => 'Tags',
+    'add_tag_ph' => 'Add a tag then Enter…',
+    'linked_to' => 'Linked to',
+    'link_none' => 'None',
+    'link_classroom' => 'Class',
+    'link_student' => 'Student (ID number)',
+    'classroom' => 'Class',
+    'choose' => 'Choose',
+    'student_matricule' => 'Student ID number',
+    'cancel' => 'Cancel',
+    'save' => 'Save',
+    'archive' => 'Archive',
+    'delete_forever_q' => 'Delete permanently?',
+    'delete_forever_desc' => 'The file ":title" will be removed from storage. This action is irreversible.',
+
+    // Tags
+    'tags_page' => [
+        'head' => 'Archive tags',
+        'title' => 'Archive tags',
+        'subtitle' => 'Organize archived documents by reusable keywords.',
+        'new_tag' => 'New tag',
+        'total' => 'Total tags',
+        'search_ph' => 'Search a tag by name...',
+        'th_tag' => 'Tag',
+        'th_documents' => 'Documents',
+        'th_color' => 'Color',
+        'th_actions' => 'Actions',
+        'documents_count' => ':count document(s)',
+        'change_color' => 'Change color',
+        'color_aria' => 'Color :color',
+        'delete' => 'Delete',
+        'empty' => 'No tag found',
+        'showing' => 'Showing :from to :to of :total',
+        'new_tag_desc' => 'A reusable keyword to classify archived documents.',
+        'name' => 'Tag name',
+        'name_ph' => 'e.g. Contract, Inspection…',
+        'color' => 'Color',
+        'preview' => 'Preview:',
+        'default_name' => 'Tag name',
+        'cancel' => 'Cancel',
+        'create' => 'Create',
+        'delete_q' => 'Delete this tag?',
+        'delete_desc' => 'The tag will be removed from all associated documents. The documents are not deleted.',
+    ],
+];
diff --git a/lang/en/auth.php b/lang/en/auth.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..126adc7f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lang/en/auth.php
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+<?php
+
+return [
+    'login' => [
+        'title' => 'Sign in',
+        'description' => 'Enter your credentials to access your account',
+        'email' => 'Email address',
+        'email_placeholder' => 'you@example.com',
+        'password' => 'Password',
+        'password_placeholder' => 'Password',
+        'forgot' => 'Forgot your password?',
+        'remember' => 'Remember me',
+        'submit' => 'Sign in',
+    ],
+    'forgot_password' => [
+        'title' => 'Forgot password',
+        'description' => 'Enter your email to receive a password reset link',
+        'email' => 'Email address',
+        'email_placeholder' => 'email@example.com',
+        'submit' => 'Email password reset link',
+        'return_prefix' => 'Or, return to',
+        'login_link' => 'log in',
+    ],
+    'two_factor' => [
+        'head' => 'Two-Factor Authentication',
+        'auth_title' => 'Authentication Code',
+        'auth_description' => 'Enter the authentication code provided by your authenticator application.',
+        'auth_toggle' => 'login using a recovery code',
+        'recovery_title' => 'Recovery Code',
+        'recovery_description' => 'Please confirm access to your account by entering one of your emergency recovery codes.',
+        'recovery_toggle' => 'login using an authentication code',
+        'recovery_placeholder' => 'Enter recovery code',
+        'continue' => 'Continue',
+        'or_you_can' => 'or you can',
+    ],
+    'verify_email' => [
+        'title' => 'Verify email',
+        'description' => 'Please verify your email address by clicking on the link we just emailed to you.',
+        'head' => 'Email verification',
+        'link_sent' => 'A new verification link has been sent to the email address you provided during registration.',
+        'resend' => 'Resend verification email',
+        'logout' => 'Log out',
+    ],
+    'confirm_password' => [
+        'title' => 'Confirm your password',
+        'description' => 'This is a secure area of the application. Please confirm your password before continuing.',
+        'head' => 'Confirm password',
+        'password' => 'Password',
+        'password_placeholder' => 'Password',
+        'submit' => 'Confirm password',
+    ],
+    'reset_password' => [
+        'title' => 'Reset password',
+        'description' => 'Please enter your new password below',
+        'head' => 'Reset password',
+        'email' => 'Email',
+        'password' => 'Password',
+        'password_placeholder' => 'Password',
+        'confirm' => 'Confirm password',
+        'confirm_placeholder' => 'Confirm password',
+        'submit' => 'Reset password',
+    ],
+    'logout' => 'Log out',
+];
diff --git a/lang/en/calendar.php b/lang/en/calendar.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..9ec89c43
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lang/en/calendar.php
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+<?php
+
+return [
+    'title' => 'Calendar',
+    'header_title' => 'Academic calendar',
+    'subtitle' => 'Holidays, exams, meetings and events',
+    'new_event' => 'New event',
+    'today' => 'Today',
+    'prev' => 'Previous',
+    'next' => 'Next',
+    'year' => 'Year',
+    'type' => 'Type',
+    'all_types' => 'All types',
+    'drag_hint' => 'Tip: drag an event to move it, pull its edge to change its end.',
+    'empty' => 'No event.',
+    'all_day_label' => 'All day',
+    'resize_hint' => 'Stretch the end',
+
+    'view' => [
+        'month' => 'Month',
+        'week' => 'Week',
+        'day' => 'Day',
+        'agenda' => 'List',
+    ],
+
+    'dialog' => [
+        'edit_title' => 'Edit event',
+        'new_title' => 'New event',
+        'desc' => 'Fill in the event information.',
+        'field_title' => 'Title *',
+        'field_type' => 'Type',
+        'start' => 'Start *',
+        'end' => 'End',
+        'all_day' => 'All day',
+        'start_time' => 'Start time',
+        'end_time' => 'End time',
+        'description' => 'Description',
+    ],
+
+    'delete_title' => 'Delete this event?',
+    'delete_desc' => 'This action is irreversible.',
+];
diff --git a/lang/en/common.php b/lang/en/common.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..50847749
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lang/en/common.php
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+<?php
+
+return [
+    'actions' => [
+        'save' => 'Save',
+        'cancel' => 'Cancel',
+        'create' => 'Create',
+        'add' => 'Add',
+        'edit' => 'Edit',
+        'update' => 'Update',
+        'delete' => 'Delete',
+        'remove' => 'Remove',
+        'search' => 'Search',
+        'filter' => 'Filter',
+        'reset' => 'Reset',
+        'confirm' => 'Confirm',
+        'back' => 'Back',
+        'close' => 'Close',
+        'print' => 'Print',
+        'export' => 'Export',
+        'download' => 'Download',
+        'view' => 'View',
+        'details' => 'Details',
+        'validate' => 'Validate',
+        'next' => 'Next',
+        'previous' => 'Previous',
+        'yes' => 'Yes',
+        'no' => 'No',
+    ],
+    'status' => [
+        'active' => 'Active',
+        'inactive' => 'Inactive',
+        'pending' => 'Pending',
+        'loading' => 'Loading…',
+    ],
+    'messages' => [
+        'none' => 'No results',
+        'confirm_delete' => 'Confirm deletion',
+        'saved' => 'Saved',
+        'required' => 'This field is required',
+    ],
+    'pagination' => [
+        'showing' => 'Showing :from to :to of :total',
+        'per_page' => 'Rows per page',
+        'page' => 'Page',
+    ],
+    'editor' => [
+        'bold' => 'Bold',
+        'italic' => 'Italic',
+        'heading1' => 'Heading 1',
+        'heading2' => 'Heading 2',
+        'bullet_list' => 'Bulleted list',
+        'numbered_list' => 'Numbered list',
+        'align_left' => 'Align left',
+        'align_center' => 'Center',
+        'align_right' => 'Align right',
+        'undo' => 'Undo',
+        'redo' => 'Redo',
+    ],
+];
diff --git a/lang/en/comptabilite.php b/lang/en/comptabilite.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e3c4a986
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lang/en/comptabilite.php
@@ -0,0 +1,260 @@
+<?php
+
+return [
+    'verify' => [
+        'head' => 'Verify a receipt',
+        'title' => 'Verify a receipt',
+        'subtitle' => 'Scan the barcode or enter the receipt verification code.',
+        'placeholder' => 'Verification code (e.g. DAL-XXXXXXXXXXXX)',
+        'verify' => 'Verify',
+        'authentic' => 'Authentic receipt',
+        'student' => 'Student',
+        'matricule' => 'ID number',
+        'class' => 'Class',
+        'date' => 'Date',
+        'amount' => 'Amount collected',
+        'not_found' => 'Receipt not found',
+        'not_found_hint' => 'No receipt matches this code. This document may be forged.',
+    ],
+
+    'dashboard' => [
+        'head' => 'Accounting',
+        'title' => 'Accounting dashboard',
+        'year_prefix' => 'School year :year',
+        'all_years' => 'All years',
+        'filter' => 'Filter:',
+        'all_classes' => 'All classes',
+        'reset' => 'Reset',
+        'alert_unpaid' => ':count student(s) have made no payment',
+        'alert_unpaid_hint' => 'These students may be expelled if the situation does not change.',
+        'total_billed' => 'Total billed',
+        'invoices' => ':count invoices',
+        'collected' => 'Collected',
+        'of_total' => ':pct% of total',
+        'recovered' => ':pct% recovered',
+        'remaining' => 'Outstanding',
+        'open_files' => ':count open files',
+        'paid_late' => 'Paid / Overdue',
+        'partial_payments' => ':count partial payments',
+        'recovery_global' => 'Overall recovery rate',
+        'collected_of' => ':paid collected of :total',
+        'monthly' => 'Monthly collection trend',
+        'month_collected' => 'Monthly collection',
+        'cumul_collected' => 'Cumulative collection',
+        'expected' => 'Total expected',
+        'expected_short' => 'Expected',
+        'by_class' => 'Situation by class',
+        'col_class' => 'Class',
+        'col_students' => 'Students',
+        'col_billed' => 'Billed',
+        'col_collected' => 'Collected',
+        'col_remaining' => 'Remaining',
+        'col_rate' => 'Rate',
+        'col_statuses' => 'Statuses',
+        'unpaid_title' => 'Students with unpaid balance',
+        'view_all' => 'View all',
+        'top_n' => 'Top :shown largest balances of :total · ',
+        'sorted' => 'Sorted by remaining amount descending · ',
+        'no_payment_count' => ':count no payment',
+        'all_uptodate' => 'All students are up to date',
+        'all_uptodate_hint' => 'No unpaid balance for the selected filters.',
+        'col_student' => 'Student',
+        'col_total' => 'Total',
+        'col_paid' => 'Paid',
+        'col_status' => 'Status',
+        'col_risk' => 'Risk',
+        'to_expel' => 'To expel',
+        'partial' => 'Partial',
+        'follow' => 'Tracking',
+        'status' => [
+            'ISSUED' => 'Unpaid',
+            'PARTIALLY_PAID' => 'Partial',
+            'PAID' => 'Paid',
+            'CANCELLED' => 'Cancelled',
+        ],
+    ],
+
+    'tx' => [
+        'head' => 'Transactions journal',
+        'title' => 'Transactions journal',
+        'subtitle' => 'History of all financial movements',
+        'new_expense' => 'New expense',
+        'total_collected' => 'Total collected',
+        'transactions_count' => ':count transaction(s)',
+        'total_out' => 'Total outflows',
+        'net_balance' => 'Net balance',
+        'positive' => 'Positive',
+        'negative' => 'Negative',
+        'transactions' => 'Transactions',
+        'of_total' => 'in total',
+        'cash_accounts' => 'Cash accounts:',
+        'filters' => 'Filters',
+        'clear_all' => 'Clear all',
+        'type' => 'Type',
+        'all_types' => 'All types',
+        'income' => 'Income',
+        'outflows' => 'Outflows',
+        'income_arrow' => '↑ Income',
+        'expense_arrow' => '↓ Outflows',
+        'reference' => 'Reference',
+        'all_references' => 'All references',
+        'ref_payment' => 'Tuition payment',
+        'ref_scholarship' => 'Scholarship granted',
+        'ref_cancellation' => 'Cancellation',
+        'ref_expense' => 'Manual expense',
+        'category' => 'Category (expense)',
+        'all_categories' => 'All categories',
+        'cash' => 'Cash account',
+        'all_cash' => 'All cash accounts',
+        'period' => 'Period',
+        'quick' => 'Quick:',
+        'today' => 'Today',
+        'this_month' => 'This month',
+        'this_year' => 'This year',
+        'active' => 'Active:',
+        'filtered' => '— filtered',
+        'per_page' => 'Rows per page:',
+        'empty' => 'No transaction found',
+        'clear_filters' => 'Clear filters',
+        'col_type' => 'Type',
+        'col_description' => 'Description',
+        'col_reference' => 'Reference',
+        'col_cash' => 'Cash account',
+        'col_amount' => 'Amount',
+        'col_date' => 'Date',
+        'by_user' => 'by :name',
+        'range' => ':from–:to of :total',
+        'first_page' => 'First page',
+        'last_page' => 'Last page',
+        'delete_title' => 'Delete this expense?',
+        'delete_desc' => 'The amount will be credited back to the relevant cash account. This action is irreversible.',
+        'delete_expense_aria' => 'Delete this expense',
+        'txtype' => [
+            'INCOME' => 'Income',
+            'EXPENSE' => 'Outflow',
+        ],
+        'ref' => [
+            'PAYMENT' => 'Payment',
+            'SCHOLARSHIP' => 'Scholarship',
+            'EXPENSE' => 'Expense',
+            'CANCELLATION' => 'Cancellation',
+        ],
+    ],
+
+    'situation' => [
+        'head' => 'Situation by class',
+        'title' => 'Situation by class',
+        'year' => 'Year :year',
+        'class_prefix' => 'Class :name',
+        'all_classes_suffix' => 'All classes',
+        'students_concerned' => 'Students concerned',
+        'classes_count' => ':count class(es)',
+        'total_collected' => 'Total collected',
+        'of_billed' => ':pct% of billed',
+        'remaining' => 'Outstanding',
+        'pending_files' => ':count pending file(s)',
+        'paid_unpaid' => 'Paid / Unpaid',
+        'partial_count' => ':count partial payment(s)',
+        'collected_of_short' => ':paid of :total',
+        'summary_by_class' => 'Summary by class',
+        'no_data' => 'No data for the selected filters',
+        'col_export' => 'Export',
+        'selected' => 'selected',
+        'export_all' => 'All',
+        'export_unpaid' => 'Unpaid',
+        'export_all_title' => 'Export all',
+        'export_unpaid_title' => 'Export unpaid',
+        'students_of' => 'Students — :name',
+        'students_sub' => ':count student(s) · :risk with no payment',
+        'col_invoice' => 'Invoice no.',
+        'col_progress' => 'Progress',
+        'settled' => 'Settled',
+        'total_students_foot' => ':count student(s)',
+        'empty_class' => 'No student in this class',
+    ],
+
+    'cash' => [
+        'head' => 'Cash accounts',
+        'title' => 'Cash accounts',
+        'subtitle' => 'Manage your cash accounts: cash, mobile money, bank.',
+        'new' => 'New cash account',
+        'global_balance' => 'Overall balance (all accounts)',
+        'active_count' => ':count active account(s)',
+        'create_submit' => 'Create the cash account',
+        'empty' => 'No cash account configured.',
+        'empty_hint' => 'Create your first cash account to get started.',
+        'name' => 'Name *',
+        'name_ph' => 'E.g. Main cash',
+        'type_label' => 'Type *',
+        'opt_cash' => '💵 Cash',
+        'opt_mobile' => '📱 Mobile Money (Flooz/TMoney)',
+        'opt_bank' => '🏦 Bank',
+        'description' => 'Description',
+        'description_ph' => 'Optional',
+        'current_balance' => 'Current balance',
+        'payments_count' => ':count payment(s)',
+        'delete_title' => 'Delete this cash account?',
+        'delete_desc' => 'This action is irreversible. Payments linked to this account will not be deleted.',
+        'type' => [
+            'CASH' => 'Cash',
+            'MOBILE_MONEY' => 'Mobile Money',
+            'BANK' => 'Bank',
+        ],
+    ],
+
+    'receipt_doc' => [
+        'head' => 'Receipt :number',
+        'print' => 'Print the receipt',
+        'copy_school' => 'School copy',
+        'copy_payer' => 'Payer copy',
+        'title' => 'Payment receipt',
+        'receipt_no' => 'Receipt no.',
+        'date' => 'Date:',
+        'student' => 'Student',
+        'mat' => 'ID',
+        'class_year' => 'Class · Year',
+        'enrollment_no' => 'Enrollment no.',
+        'invoice' => 'Invoice',
+        'designation' => 'Description',
+        'amount' => 'Amount',
+        'invoice_total' => 'Invoice total',
+        'amount_collected' => 'Amount collected',
+        'ref' => 'Ref:',
+        'in_words' => 'This receipt is set at the sum of:',
+        'total_paid' => 'Total paid',
+        'remaining' => 'Amount due',
+        'stamp' => 'School stamp',
+        'accounting' => 'Accounting',
+        'paid_by' => 'Paid by',
+        'established_on' => 'Issued on',
+        'verify_p1' => 'Receipt verifiable at ',
+        'verify_p2' => ' — code: ',
+        'method' => [
+            'CASH' => 'Cash',
+            'MOBILE_MONEY' => 'Mobile Money',
+            'BANK_TRANSFER' => 'Bank transfer',
+            'CHEQUE' => 'Cheque',
+        ],
+    ],
+
+    'expense' => [
+        'head' => 'New expense',
+        'title' => 'Record an expense',
+        'subtitle' => 'Cash outflow: rent, salaries, supplies…',
+        'details' => 'Expense details',
+        'category' => 'Category *',
+        'select_category' => 'Select a category',
+        'amount' => 'Amount (F) *',
+        'amount_ph' => 'E.g. 25000',
+        'description' => 'Description *',
+        'description_ph' => 'E.g. Electricity bill — October 2026',
+        'date' => 'Date *',
+        'cash_account' => 'Cash account *',
+        'select_cash' => 'Select a cash account',
+        'balance_opt' => ':name — balance :balance',
+        'after_expense' => 'Balance after expense:',
+        'recent' => 'Recent expenses',
+        'saving' => 'Saving...',
+        'submit' => 'Record the expense',
+    ],
+];
diff --git a/lang/en/dashboard.php b/lang/en/dashboard.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a233e1a9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lang/en/dashboard.php
@@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
+<?php
+
+return [
+    'title' => 'Dashboard',
+
+    'header' => [
+        'school_year' => 'School year :year',
+        'no_active_year' => 'No active year',
+        'academic_year' => 'Academic year',
+        'active_suffix' => 'active',
+    ],
+
+    'alert' => [
+        'no_payment' => ':count student(s) have made no payment',
+        'no_payment_hint' => 'These students are at risk of exclusion for non-payment.',
+    ],
+
+    'kpi' => [
+        'students_enrolled' => 'Enrolled students',
+        'this_week' => 'This week',
+        'this_week_sub' => 'New enrollments',
+        'active_students' => 'Active students',
+        'active_students_sub' => 'of :total total',
+        'recovery_rate' => 'Recovery rate',
+        'boys' => 'Boys',
+        'girls' => 'Girls',
+        'gender_sub' => ':pct% of enrolled',
+        'active_classes' => 'Active classes',
+        'active_classes_sub' => 'Open classes',
+        'users' => 'Users',
+        'users_sub' => 'Accounts in total',
+        'teachers' => 'Teachers',
+        'teachers_sub' => 'Teaching staff',
+        'rem' => 'Student/teacher ratio',
+        'rem_sub' => 'STR · :count teacher(s)',
+        'present_today' => "Today's attendance",
+        'present_today_sub' => ':count absence(s) today',
+        'presence_rate' => 'Attendance rate (today)',
+        'presence_rate_sub' => ':present/:total recorded',
+        'presence_rate_none' => 'No records',
+        'pending_permissions' => 'Pending requests',
+        'pending_permissions_sub' => 'To review',
+        'documents' => 'Documents issued',
+        'this_month' => 'This month',
+        'official_exams' => 'Official exams',
+        'official_exams_sub' => ':count registration(s)',
+        'validated_bulletins' => 'Validated report cards',
+        'period' => 'Period: :period',
+        'all_periods' => 'All periods',
+        'current_period' => 'Current period',
+        'general_average' => 'Overall average',
+        'total_billed' => 'Total billed',
+        'total_billed_sub' => ':count invoices',
+        'collected' => 'Collected',
+        'collected_sub' => 'Rate :pct%',
+        'remaining' => 'Outstanding',
+        'remaining_sub' => ':count open files',
+        'paid_unpaid' => 'Paid / Unpaid',
+        'paid_unpaid_sub' => ':count partial payments',
+        'collected_month' => 'Collected (month)',
+        'expenses_month' => 'Expenses (month)',
+        'net_month' => 'Net balance (month)',
+        'surplus' => 'Surplus',
+        'deficit' => 'Deficit',
+    ],
+
+    'section' => [
+        'pending_permissions' => 'Pending requests',
+        'pending_permissions_action' => 'Requests',
+        'pending_permissions_empty' => 'No pending request',
+        'upcoming_exams' => 'Upcoming official exams',
+        'upcoming_exams_action' => 'Exams',
+        'upcoming_exams_empty' => 'No scheduled exam',
+        'registered' => ':count registered',
+        'monthly' => 'Collections — last 6 months',
+        'monthly_empty' => 'No payment in the period',
+        'collected_tooltip' => 'Collected',
+        'cash_balances' => 'Cash balances',
+        'cash_balances_empty' => 'No active cash account',
+        'total' => 'Total',
+        'payment_methods' => 'Payment methods',
+        'payment_methods_empty' => 'No collection in the period',
+        'invoice_breakdown' => 'Invoice breakdown',
+        'students_per_class' => 'Students per class',
+        'students_tooltip' => 'Students',
+        'recent_payments' => 'Recent payments',
+        'recent_payments_action' => 'Accounting',
+        'recent_payments_empty' => 'No payment recorded',
+        'recent_enrollments' => 'Recent enrollments',
+        'recent_enrollments_action' => 'Enrollments',
+        'recent_enrollments_empty' => 'No enrollment for this year',
+        'payment_methods_year' => 'Payment methods — :year',
+        'students_no_pay' => 'At-risk students — no payment',
+        'students_no_pay_action' => 'View all',
+        'col_student' => 'Student',
+        'col_class' => 'Class',
+        'col_amount_due' => 'Amount due',
+        'invoice_action' => 'Invoice',
+    ],
+
+    'teacher' => [
+        'today_timetable' => 'My timetable — today',
+        'timetable_action' => 'Timetable',
+        'today_empty' => 'No class scheduled today.',
+        'room' => 'room :room',
+        'pending_marks' => 'Marks to enter',
+        'evaluations_action' => 'Evaluations',
+        'pending_marks_empty' => 'All your evaluations are entered. 🎉',
+        'my_classes' => 'My classes & subjects',
+        'assignments_action' => 'Assignments',
+        'assignments_empty' => 'No assignment for year :year',
+        'take_attendance' => 'Take attendance',
+    ],
+
+    'empty' => [
+        'title' => 'Dashboard not available',
+        'subtitle' => 'No data to display for your profile.',
+    ],
+
+    'method' => [
+        'cash' => 'Cash',
+        'mobile_money' => 'Mobile Money',
+        'bank_transfer' => 'Bank transfer',
+        'bank_transfer_short' => 'Transfer',
+        'cheque' => 'Cheque',
+        'bank' => 'Bank',
+        'other' => 'Other',
+    ],
+
+    'status' => [
+        'issued' => 'Unpaid',
+        'partially_paid' => 'Partial',
+        'paid' => 'Paid',
+        'active' => 'Active',
+        'pending' => 'Pending',
+    ],
+
+    'reason' => [
+        'medical' => 'Medical',
+        'familial' => 'Family',
+        'autre' => 'Other',
+    ],
+];
diff --git a/lang/en/enrollments.php b/lang/en/enrollments.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e22c92d2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lang/en/enrollments.php
@@ -0,0 +1,272 @@
+<?php
+
+return [
+    'index' => [
+        'title' => 'Enrollments & Payments',
+        'subtitle' => 'Manage student enrollments by academic year',
+        'new' => 'New enrollment',
+        'billed' => 'Total billed',
+        'collected' => 'Collected',
+        'recovered' => ':rate% recovered',
+        'remaining' => 'Outstanding',
+        'unpaid' => 'Unpaid',
+        'no_payment' => 'with no payment',
+        'search_ph' => 'Code, student, class, year...',
+        'all_statuses' => 'All statuses',
+        'all_years' => 'All years',
+        'all_classes' => 'All classes',
+        'reset' => 'Reset',
+        'unit' => 'enrollment(s)',
+        'per_page' => 'Rows per page:',
+        'empty' => 'No enrollment found',
+        'range' => ':from–:to of :total enrollments',
+        'delete_title' => 'Delete this enrollment?',
+        'delete_desc' => 'This action is irreversible.',
+
+        'status' => [
+            'pending' => 'Pending',
+            'active' => 'Active',
+            'cancelled' => 'Cancelled',
+        ],
+
+        'col' => [
+            'code' => 'Code',
+            'student' => 'Student',
+            'class' => 'Class',
+            'year' => 'Year',
+            'date' => 'Date',
+            'status' => 'Status',
+            'payment' => 'Payment',
+            'actions' => 'Actions',
+        ],
+
+        'pay' => [
+            'no_invoice' => 'No invoice',
+            'paid' => 'Paid',
+            'remaining' => ':amount left',
+            'unpaid' => 'Unpaid',
+        ],
+    ],
+
+    'form' => [
+        'school' => 'School *',
+        'select_school' => 'Select a school',
+        'student' => 'Student *',
+        'select_student' => 'Select a student',
+        'class' => 'Class *',
+        'select_class' => 'Select a class',
+        'academic_year' => 'Academic year *',
+        'select_year' => 'Select a year',
+        'active_suffix' => 'active',
+        'code' => 'Enrollment code',
+        'date' => 'Enrollment date *',
+        'status' => 'Status *',
+        'saving' => 'Saving...',
+    ],
+
+    'edit' => [
+        'head' => 'Edit enrollment',
+        'title' => 'Edit the enrollment',
+    ],
+
+    'create' => [
+        'head' => 'New enrollment',
+        'subtitle' => 'Enroll a student for the school year',
+        'step' => 'Step :n',
+        'fields_filled' => ':n / 4 required fields filled',
+        'search_student_ph' => 'Search for a student...',
+        'search_input_ph' => 'Name, first name or ID...',
+        'no_student' => 'No student found',
+        'more_students' => ':count students — showing the first 50 matches',
+        'creating' => 'Creating...',
+        'submit_with_payment' => 'Enroll & record payment',
+        'submit' => 'Create the enrollment',
+
+        'steps' => [
+            'enrollment' => 'Enrollment',
+            'summary' => 'Summary',
+            'payment' => 'Payment',
+        ],
+
+        's1' => [
+            'title' => 'Enrollment information',
+            'subtitle' => 'Enter the school, the student and the class',
+            'establishment' => 'School',
+            'school' => 'School',
+            'academic_year' => 'Academic year',
+            'student' => 'Student',
+            'class_details' => 'Class & details',
+            'class' => 'Class',
+            'date' => 'Enrollment date',
+            'code' => 'Enrollment code',
+            'code_ph' => 'Auto-generated if empty',
+            'code_hint' => 'Leave empty for automatic generation',
+            'status' => 'Status',
+        ],
+
+        's2' => [
+            'title' => 'Fee summary',
+            'subtitle' => 'Fees generated automatically from the fee schedule',
+            'total' => 'Total due',
+            'no_fees' => 'No fee configured',
+            'no_fees_hint' => 'The invoice will be created empty — you can add fees manually.',
+        ],
+
+        's3' => [
+            'title' => 'First payment',
+            'subtitle' => 'Optional — can be recorded now or later',
+            'now' => 'Payment to record now',
+            'later' => 'Pay later',
+            'now_hint' => 'A receipt will be generated automatically',
+            'later_hint' => 'The enrollment will be created with an invoice and no payment',
+            'method' => 'Payment method',
+            'amount' => 'Amount (F)',
+            'fill_total' => 'Fill the total (:amount)',
+            'payment_date' => 'Payment date',
+            'paid_by' => 'Paid by',
+            'paid_by_ph' => "Payer's name",
+            'reference' => 'Reference / Transaction no.',
+            'reference_ph' => 'E.g. TXN-123456',
+        ],
+
+        'method' => [
+            'cash' => 'Cash',
+            'cash_desc' => 'Cash payment',
+            'mobile' => 'Mobile',
+            'mobile_desc' => 'Flooz, T-Money...',
+            'transfer' => 'Transfer',
+            'transfer_desc' => 'Bank transfer',
+            'cheque' => 'Cheque',
+            'cheque_desc' => 'Bank cheque',
+        ],
+    ],
+
+    'invoice' => [
+        'paid_progress' => ':amount paid',
+        'total_due' => 'Total due',
+        'detail_title' => 'Invoice details',
+        'no_fees' => 'No fee configured for this class / year.',
+        'payments_count' => 'Payments (:count)',
+        'new_payment' => 'New payment',
+        'record_payment' => 'Record a payment',
+        'amount' => 'Amount (F) *',
+        'amount_max' => 'Max: :amount',
+        'method' => 'Payment method *',
+        'cash_account' => 'Destination cash account',
+        'no_cash_account' => '— No cash account —',
+        'payment_date' => 'Payment date *',
+        'paid_by' => 'Paid by',
+        'paid_by_ph' => "Payer's name",
+        'reference' => 'Reference / Transaction no.',
+        'reference_ph' => 'E.g. TXN-123456',
+        'notes' => 'Notes (optional)',
+        'notes_ph' => 'Remarks...',
+        'empty_payments' => 'No payment recorded',
+        'receipt' => 'Receipt :number',
+        'opt' => [
+            'cash' => 'Cash',
+            'mobile' => 'Mobile Money',
+            'transfer' => 'Bank transfer',
+            'cheque' => 'Cheque',
+        ],
+    ],
+
+    'invoice_doc' => [
+        'head' => 'Invoice :number',
+        'print' => 'Print the invoice',
+        'title' => 'Invoice',
+        'number' => 'No.',
+        'issued_on' => 'Issued on :date',
+        'student' => 'Student',
+        'mat' => 'ID',
+        'class_year' => 'Class · Year',
+        'enrollment_ref' => 'Enrollment :code',
+        'col_designation' => 'Description',
+        'col_amount' => 'Amount',
+        'no_fees' => 'No fee configured.',
+        'subtotal' => 'Subtotal',
+        'discount' => 'Discount',
+        'total_due' => 'Total due',
+        'in_words' => 'This invoice is set at the sum of:',
+        'status' => 'Status',
+        'total_paid' => 'Total paid',
+        'remaining' => 'Amount due',
+        'payments_received' => 'Payments received',
+        'col_date' => 'Date',
+        'col_method' => 'Method',
+        'col_reference' => 'Reference',
+        'stamp' => 'School stamp',
+        'accounting' => 'Accounting',
+        'status_opt' => [
+            'ISSUED' => 'Unpaid',
+            'PARTIALLY_PAID' => 'Partially paid',
+            'PAID' => 'Settled',
+            'CANCELLED' => 'Cancelled',
+        ],
+        'method' => [
+            'CASH' => 'Cash',
+            'MOBILE_MONEY' => 'Mobile Money',
+            'BANK_TRANSFER' => 'Transfer',
+            'CHEQUE' => 'Cheque',
+        ],
+    ],
+
+    'receipt' => [
+        'head' => 'Confirmation - :code',
+        'title' => 'Enrollment confirmation',
+        'number' => 'No.',
+        'issued_on' => 'On :date',
+        'student' => 'Student',
+        'matricule' => 'ID number',
+        'class' => 'Class',
+        'academic_year' => 'Academic year',
+        'status' => 'Status',
+        'settlement' => 'Settlement',
+        'registered_by' => 'Registered by',
+        'stamp' => 'School stamp',
+        'management' => 'Management',
+        'established_on' => 'Document issued on :date. Keep for your records.',
+        'reserve_note' => 'Document issued subject to settlement of the remaining balance (:amount).',
+        'mention_p1' => 'The management confirms the enrollment of student ',
+        'mention_p2' => ' in class ',
+        'mention_p3' => ' for the academic year ',
+        'status_opt' => [
+            'PENDING' => 'Pending',
+            'ACTIVE' => 'Active',
+            'CANCELLED' => 'Cancelled',
+        ],
+        'settle' => [
+            'no_fees' => 'No fees billed',
+            'settled' => 'Enrollment settled',
+            'partial' => 'Partially paid — :amount left',
+            'unpaid' => 'Unpaid — :amount left',
+        ],
+    ],
+
+    'show' => [
+        'head' => 'Enrollment details',
+        'title' => 'Enrollment details',
+        'confirmation' => 'Confirmation',
+        'financial' => 'Financial tracking',
+        'code' => 'Enrollment code',
+        'status' => 'Status',
+        'school' => 'School',
+        'student' => 'Student',
+        'class' => 'Class',
+        'academic_year' => 'Academic year',
+        'date' => 'Enrollment date',
+        'enrolled_by' => 'Enrolled by',
+        'created_at' => 'Created on',
+        'updated_at' => 'Modified on',
+        'invoice' => 'Invoice :number',
+        'total' => 'Total',
+        'paid' => 'Paid',
+        'remaining' => 'Remaining',
+        'inv' => [
+            'ISSUED' => 'Unpaid',
+            'PARTIALLY_PAID' => 'Partially paid',
+            'PAID' => 'Settled',
+            'CANCELLED' => 'Cancelled',
+        ],
+    ],
+];
diff --git a/lang/en/errors.php b/lang/en/errors.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c592218e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lang/en/errors.php
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+<?php
+
+return [
+    'dashboard' => 'Dashboard',
+    'home' => 'Back to home',
+    'previous' => 'Previous page',
+
+    'fallback' => [
+        'title' => 'An error occurred',
+        'message' => 'Something went wrong. Please try again.',
+    ],
+    '403' => [
+        'title' => 'Access denied',
+        'message' => 'You do not have permission to access this page.',
+    ],
+    '404' => [
+        'title' => 'Page not found',
+        'message' => 'The page you are looking for does not exist or has been moved.',
+    ],
+    '419' => [
+        'title' => 'Session expired',
+        'message' => 'Your session has expired. Please sign in again, then retry.',
+    ],
+    '429' => [
+        'title' => 'Too many requests',
+        'message' => 'You have made too many requests. Please wait a moment before trying again.',
+    ],
+    '500' => [
+        'title' => 'Server error',
+        'message' => 'An unexpected error occurred. Try again in a moment; if the problem persists, contact your school administrator.',
+    ],
+    '503' => [
+        'title' => 'Under maintenance',
+        'message' => 'The service is temporarily unavailable. Please come back in a few moments.',
+    ],
+];
diff --git a/lang/en/examens.php b/lang/en/examens.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ad07acc5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lang/en/examens.php
@@ -0,0 +1,302 @@
+<?php
+
+return [
+    'templates' => [
+        'index' => [
+            'head' => 'Evaluation templates',
+            'title' => 'Evaluation templates',
+            'year' => 'Year: :year',
+            'subtitle_default' => 'Define global exams before deploying them per class',
+            'new' => 'New template',
+            'search_ph' => 'Search a template...',
+            'period' => 'Period',
+            'all_periods' => 'All periods',
+            'filter' => 'Filter',
+            'col_name' => 'Template name',
+            'col_type' => 'Type',
+            'col_period' => 'Period',
+            'col_coeff' => 'Coeff.',
+            'col_scale' => 'Scale',
+            'col_date' => 'Indicative date',
+            'col_deployed' => 'Deployed',
+            'col_actions' => 'Actions',
+            'empty' => 'No evaluation template. Create one to get started.',
+            'classes_count' => ':count class(es)',
+            'total' => ':count template(s) in total',
+            'delete_title' => 'Delete this template?',
+            'delete_desc' => 'All associated evaluations and marks will be deleted. Irreversible action.',
+        ],
+
+        'form' => [
+            'name' => 'Name *',
+            'name_ph' => 'E.g. Assignment 1, Term exam...',
+            'period' => 'Period *',
+            'current' => 'current',
+            'eval_type' => 'Evaluation type *',
+            'eval_type_short' => 'Type *',
+            'class_type' => 'Class type',
+            'all_types' => 'All types',
+            'coefficient' => 'Coefficient *',
+            'scale' => 'Scale (max score) *',
+            'scale_short' => 'Scale *',
+            'date' => 'Indicative date',
+            'description' => 'Description',
+            'description_ph' => 'Instructions, objectives...',
+            'saving' => 'Saving...',
+        ],
+
+        'create' => [
+            'head' => 'New evaluation template',
+            'title' => 'New evaluation template',
+            'subtitle' => '— This template will then be deployed per class and subject.',
+            'submit' => 'Create the template',
+        ],
+
+        'edit' => [
+            'head' => 'Edit: :name',
+            'title' => 'Edit the template',
+            'submit' => 'Save',
+        ],
+
+        'show' => [
+            'head' => 'Template: :name',
+            'deploy' => 'Deploy to classes',
+            'no_active_year' => 'No active academic year',
+            'no_active_year_hint' => 'Activate an academic year to deploy this template.',
+            'manage_years' => 'Manage academic years',
+            'no_classes' => 'No class/subject available',
+            'no_classes_hint' => 'No class/subject assignment exists for the active academic year.',
+            'configure_classes' => 'Configure classes',
+            'all_deployed' => 'All classes/subjects of the active year have already been deployed for this template.',
+            'select_title' => 'Select the classes/subjects to deploy',
+            'select_all' => 'Select all',
+            'deselect_all' => 'Deselect all',
+            'col_class' => 'Class',
+            'col_subject_coeff' => 'Subject · coeff.',
+            'col_planned_date' => 'Planned date',
+            'coeff' => 'coeff. :n',
+            'selected_summary' => ':count class(es) selected',
+            'with_date' => ':count with planned date',
+            'generating' => 'Generating...',
+            'generate' => 'Generate :count evaluation(s)',
+            'generated' => 'Generated evaluations',
+            'empty' => 'No evaluation deployed. Use the button above to deploy this template.',
+            'col_subject' => 'Subject',
+            'col_subject_coeff2' => 'Subject coeff.',
+            'col_date' => 'Date',
+            'col_status' => 'Status',
+            'col_progress' => 'Progress',
+            'col_actions' => 'Actions',
+            'status_completed' => 'Completed',
+            'status_scheduled' => 'Scheduled',
+            'marks' => 'Marks',
+            'delete_eval_title' => 'Delete this evaluation?',
+            'delete_eval_desc' => 'All marks entered for this evaluation will be lost.',
+        ],
+    ],
+
+    'official' => [
+        'index' => [
+            'head' => 'Official exams',
+            'subtitle' => 'CEPD, BEPC, Baccalaureate — year :year.',
+            'new' => 'New exam',
+            'year' => 'Academic year',
+            'active_suffix' => 'active',
+            'search' => 'Search',
+            'search_ph' => 'Exam name...',
+            'type' => 'Type',
+            'all' => 'All',
+            'session' => 'Session',
+            'all_sessions' => 'All',
+            'status' => 'Status',
+            'all_statuses' => 'All',
+            'reset' => 'Reset filters (:count)',
+            'col_type' => 'Type',
+            'col_exam' => 'Exam',
+            'col_class' => 'Class',
+            'col_session' => 'Session',
+            'col_date' => 'Date',
+            'col_center' => 'Center',
+            'col_registered' => 'Registered',
+            'col_admitted' => 'Admitted',
+            'col_status' => 'Status',
+            'col_actions' => 'Actions',
+            'empty' => 'No exam for these criteria.',
+            'manage' => 'Manage',
+            'total' => ':count exam(s)',
+            'create_title' => 'New official exam',
+            'attached' => 'Attached to the active academic year:suffix.',
+            'form_type' => 'Type *',
+            'form_year' => 'Year (calendar) *',
+            'form_name' => 'Name / Label *',
+            'name_ph' => 'E.g. BEPC 2026 - Normal session',
+            'form_session' => 'Session',
+            'form_date' => 'Exam date',
+            'form_class' => 'Class *',
+            'choose_class' => 'Choose a class',
+            'form_center' => 'Exam center',
+            'center_ph' => 'E.g. Tokoin High School',
+            'delete_title' => 'Delete this exam?',
+            'delete_desc' => 'All associated registrations and results will be deleted.',
+        ],
+
+        'show' => [
+            'class_prefix' => 'Class: :name',
+            'register_students' => 'Register students',
+            'save_results' => 'Save results',
+            'registered' => 'Registered',
+            'admitted' => 'Admitted',
+            'failed' => 'Failed',
+            'success_rate' => 'Success rate',
+            'col_student' => 'Student',
+            'col_table_no' => 'Table no.',
+            'col_series' => 'Series',
+            'col_status' => 'Status',
+            'col_average' => 'Average',
+            'col_mention' => 'Mention',
+            'empty' => 'No student registered. Click "Register students".',
+            'all_registered' => 'All students are already registered.',
+            'selected' => ':count selected',
+            'register' => 'Register',
+        ],
+    ],
+
+    'planning' => [
+        'head' => 'Exam schedule',
+        'title' => 'Exam schedule',
+        'subtitle' => 'Plan and view exam dates by class',
+        'export' => 'Export / Print',
+        'class' => 'Class',
+        'select_class' => 'Select a class',
+        'all_classes' => '— All classes —',
+        'period' => 'Period',
+        'all_periods' => 'All periods',
+        'no_date_alert_1' => ':count evaluation(s) without a planned date. Click',
+        'no_date_alert_2' => 'to schedule them.',
+        'select_prompt' => 'Select a class to view its schedule',
+        'no_classes' => 'No class with deployed evaluations for the active year.',
+        'count' => ':count evaluation(s)',
+        'empty_base' => 'No evaluation for this class',
+        'and_period' => ' and this period',
+        'col_subject' => 'Subject',
+        'col_template' => 'Template',
+        'col_period' => 'Period',
+        'col_type' => 'Type',
+        'col_coeff' => 'Coeff.',
+        'col_datetime' => 'Date & time',
+        'col_status' => 'Status',
+        'col_progress' => 'Progress',
+        'col_actions' => 'Actions',
+        'time' => 'Time',
+        'date_first' => 'Enter the date first',
+        'validate' => 'Validate',
+        'not_scheduled' => 'Not scheduled',
+        'status_completed' => 'Completed',
+        'status_scheduled' => 'Scheduled',
+        'edit_reschedule' => 'Edit / reschedule',
+        'delete_title' => 'Delete this schedule entry?',
+        'delete_desc_1' => 'The evaluation ":template" in :subject will be removed from the schedule.',
+        'delete_desc_warn' => ':count mark(s) entered will also be deleted. This action is irreversible.',
+    ],
+
+    'marks' => [
+        'head' => 'Marks — :name',
+        'coeff_exam' => 'Exam coeff.',
+        'coeff_subject' => 'Subject coeff.',
+        'on' => 'Out of',
+        'saving' => 'Saving...',
+        'saved' => 'Saved!',
+        'save_marks' => 'Save marks',
+        'locked_title' => 'Evaluation closed',
+        'locked_hint' => 'Mark entry is disabled since :date. Use the "Appeal" button to request a mark correction.',
+        'students' => 'Students',
+        'graded' => 'Graded',
+        'absent' => 'Absent',
+        'avg_saved' => 'Saved avg.',
+        'grid_locked' => 'Saved marks (read-only)',
+        'grid_entry' => 'Mark entry',
+        'status_completed' => 'Completed',
+        'status_scheduled' => 'Scheduled',
+        'no_students' => 'No student enrolled in this class.',
+        'col_matricule' => 'ID number',
+        'col_student' => 'Student',
+        'col_mark' => 'Mark /:max',
+        'col_absent' => 'Absent',
+        'col_comment' => 'Comment',
+        'col_appeal' => 'Appeal',
+        'absent_mark' => 'Absent',
+        'comment_ph' => 'Comment...',
+        'appeal' => 'Appeal',
+        'locked_footer' => 'Evaluation closed — entry is disabled. Click "Appeal" to request a correction.',
+        'entered_count' => ':count mark(s) entered',
+        'absent_count' => ':count absent',
+        'of_students' => '/ :total students',
+    ],
+
+    'evaluations' => [
+        'index' => [
+            'head' => 'Evaluations by class',
+            'title' => 'Evaluations by class',
+            'subtitle' => 'Evaluations generated from templates, by class and subject',
+            'manage_templates' => 'Manage templates',
+            'search_ph' => 'Class, subject, template...',
+            'class' => 'Class',
+            'all_classes' => 'All classes',
+            'subject' => 'Subject',
+            'all_subjects' => 'All subjects',
+            'type' => 'Type',
+            'all_types' => 'All types',
+            'period' => 'Period',
+            'all_periods' => 'All periods',
+            'status' => 'Status',
+            'all_statuses' => 'All statuses',
+            'scheduled' => 'Scheduled',
+            'completed' => 'Completed',
+            'scheduling' => 'Scheduling',
+            'all' => 'All',
+            'with_date' => 'With date',
+            'without_date' => 'Without date',
+            'filter' => 'Filter',
+            'active_filters' => ':count active filter(s)',
+            'reset' => 'Reset',
+            'col_template' => 'Template',
+            'col_class' => 'Class',
+            'col_subject' => 'Subject',
+            'col_period' => 'Period',
+            'col_coeff' => 'Coeff.',
+            'col_date' => 'Date',
+            'col_status' => 'Status',
+            'col_progress' => 'Progress',
+            'col_actions' => 'Actions',
+            'empty' => 'No evaluation. Create templates and deploy them per class.',
+            'locked' => 'Closed',
+            'marks' => 'Marks',
+            'lock' => 'Close',
+            'unlock' => 'Reopen',
+            'total' => ':count evaluation(s) in total',
+            'delete_title' => 'Delete this evaluation?',
+            'delete_desc' => 'All associated marks will be lost.',
+        ],
+
+        'show' => [
+            'head' => ':template — :class',
+            'students' => 'Students',
+            'graded' => 'Graded',
+            'absent' => 'Absent',
+            'avg' => 'Average /:max',
+            'status_completed' => 'Completed',
+            'status_scheduled' => 'Scheduled',
+            'enter_marks' => 'Enter marks',
+            'min_label' => 'Min:',
+            'max_label' => 'Max:',
+            'avg_label' => 'Average:',
+            'marks_entered' => 'Marks entered',
+            'no_marks' => 'No mark entered yet.',
+            'col_matricule' => 'ID number',
+            'col_student' => 'Student',
+            'col_mark' => 'Mark',
+            'col_comment' => 'Comment',
+            'absent_mark' => 'Absent',
+        ],
+    ],
+];
diff --git a/lang/en/menu.php b/lang/en/menu.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5c7fb621
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lang/en/menu.php
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+<?php
+
+return [
+    'dashboard' => 'Dashboard',
+    'calendar' => 'Calendar',
+
+    'students' => 'Students',
+    'students_list' => 'Students',
+    'enrollments' => 'Enrollments & Payments',
+    'roster' => 'Rosters / Lists',
+    'promotion' => 'Class promotion',
+    'student_stats' => 'Student statistics',
+    'student_scholarships' => 'Student scholarships',
+    'timetable' => 'Timetable',
+
+    'attendance' => 'Attendance',
+    'attendance_entry' => 'Take attendance',
+    'attendance_stats' => 'Statistics',
+    'absence_permissions' => 'Absence requests',
+
+    'exams' => 'Exams',
+    'evaluation_templates' => 'Evaluation templates',
+    'evaluations' => 'Class evaluations',
+    'exam_planning' => 'Exam planning',
+    'official_exams' => 'Official exams',
+
+    'grades' => 'Grades',
+    'grades_entry' => 'Grade entry',
+    'bulletins' => 'Report cards',
+    'bulletin_template' => 'Report card template',
+    'note_reclamations' => 'Grade claims',
+
+    'accounting' => 'Accounting',
+    'accounting_overview' => 'Overview',
+    'transactions' => 'Transaction journal',
+    'new_expense' => 'New expense',
+    'situation' => 'Status by class',
+    'cash_accounts' => 'Cash accounts',
+    'verify_receipt' => 'Verify a receipt',
+
+    'payroll' => 'Staff & Payroll',
+    'payroll_overview' => 'Overview',
+    'personnel' => 'Staff',
+    'pay_runs' => 'Pay runs',
+    'salary_grades' => 'Salary grades',
+    'salary_components' => 'Pay components',
+    'payroll_settings' => 'Settings (CNSS, ITS)',
+
+    'archives' => 'Archives',
+    'archived_documents' => 'Archived documents',
+    'tags' => 'Tags',
+
+    'administration' => 'Administration',
+    'users' => 'Users',
+    'roles' => 'Roles',
+    'permissions' => 'Permissions',
+    'subject_assignments' => 'Assignments',
+    'audit_logs' => 'Audit log',
+    'portal_access' => 'Portal access',
+
+    'statistics' => 'Statistics',
+
+    'settings' => 'Settings',
+    'school' => 'School',
+    'classrooms' => 'Classes',
+    'classroom_types' => 'Class types',
+    'subjects' => 'Subjects',
+    'countries' => 'Countries',
+    'evaluation_types' => 'Evaluation types',
+    'academic_years' => 'Academic years',
+    'academic_periods' => 'Academic periods',
+    'fee_categories' => 'Fee categories',
+    'fee_structures' => 'Fee structures',
+    'scholarships' => 'Scholarships',
+    'grading_configs' => 'Grade calculation',
+    'file_storage' => 'Files & Storage',
+    'document_templates' => 'Document templates',
+    'backups' => 'Backups',
+    'about' => 'About',
+
+    'my_account' => 'My account',
+];
diff --git a/lang/en/notes.php b/lang/en/notes.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..822e23ff
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lang/en/notes.php
@@ -0,0 +1,193 @@
+<?php
+
+return [
+    'grades' => [
+        'index' => [
+            'head' => 'Mark entry',
+            'year' => 'School year: :year',
+            'no_year' => 'No active school year',
+            'saving' => 'Saving...',
+            'saved' => 'Saved!',
+            'save' => 'Save marks',
+            'select_class' => 'Select a class',
+            'select_subject' => 'Select a subject',
+            'select_period' => 'Select a period',
+            'current' => 'current',
+            'coef' => 'coef. :n',
+            'no_subjects' => 'No subject assigned to this class for the current year.',
+            'stat_students' => 'Enrolled students',
+            'stat_graded' => 'Marks entered',
+            'stat_average' => 'Class average',
+            'stat_rate' => 'Entry rate',
+            'subheader' => ':period — Coefficient :coef — Marks out of 20',
+            'col_matricule' => 'ID number',
+            'col_name' => 'Last & First name',
+            'col_mark' => 'Mark /20',
+            'col_comment' => 'Comment',
+            'col_bulletin' => 'Report card',
+            'comment_ph' => 'Comment...',
+            'bulletin' => 'Report card',
+            'empty_class' => 'No student enrolled in this class',
+            'empty_class_hint' => 'Enroll students to enter their marks.',
+            'initial' => 'Select a class to begin',
+            'initial_hint' => 'Then choose the subject and term.',
+        ],
+
+        'student' => [
+            'head' => 'Report card — :name',
+            'matricule_label' => 'ID number:',
+            'class_label' => 'Class:',
+            'general_average' => 'Overall average',
+            'rank' => 'Rank',
+            'mention' => 'Mention',
+            'graded_subjects' => 'Graded subjects',
+            'transcript' => 'Transcript — :period',
+            'total_coef' => 'Total coefficients: :total',
+            'col_subject' => 'Subject',
+            'col_coef' => 'Coef.',
+            'col_mark' => 'Mark /20',
+            'col_weighted' => 'Weighted',
+            'col_rank' => 'Rank',
+            'col_comment' => 'Comment',
+            'no_subjects' => 'No subject assigned to this class.',
+            'not_enrolled' => 'Student not enrolled this year',
+            'not_enrolled_hint' => 'This student has no active enrollment for the current school year.',
+            'ord_first' => '1st',
+            'ord_suffix' => 'th',
+        ],
+    ],
+
+    'bulletins' => [
+        'index' => [
+            'head' => 'Report cards',
+            'subtitle' => 'Generate and freeze report cards by class and period',
+            'download_class' => 'Download whole class (:count)',
+            'choose_class' => 'Choose a class',
+            'choose_period' => 'Choose a period',
+            'current' => 'current',
+            'validate_hint' => 'Validating freezes the report cards (marks, ranks, mentions) and enables PDF download.',
+            'validated_count' => ':count/:total validated',
+            'observations_ph' => 'Head of school observations (applied to the whole class, optional)',
+            'revalidate' => 'Re-validate the class report cards',
+            'validate' => 'Validate the class report cards',
+            'revalidate_note' => 'Re-validating recalculates marks and ranks but keeps your manual edits (comments, observations, decision, discipline).',
+            'confirm_title' => 'Re-validate :count already frozen report card(s)?',
+            'confirm_desc' => 'Marks, averages and ranks will be recalculated. By default, your manual edits (comments, observations, decision, discipline) are kept.',
+            'regen_all' => 'Regenerate all',
+            'regen_all_desc' => '— start from scratch and erase manual edits.',
+            'regen_action' => 'Regenerate (erases edits)',
+            'revalidate_action' => 'Re-validate (keeps edits)',
+            'devalidate_title' => "Invalidate :name's report card?",
+            'devalidate_desc' => 'The frozen report card will be deleted, including its manual edits. The student will return to "draft" and can be re-validated. This action is irreversible.',
+            'devalidate' => 'Invalidate',
+            'col_student' => 'Student',
+            'col_average' => 'Average',
+            'col_rank' => 'Rank',
+            'col_mention' => 'Mention',
+            'col_status' => 'Status',
+            'col_bulletin' => 'Report card',
+            'empty' => 'No active student in this class.',
+            'status_validated' => 'Validated',
+            'status_draft' => 'Draft',
+            'edit' => 'Edit',
+            'devalidate_label' => 'Invalidate this report card',
+            'ord_first' => '1st',
+            'ord_suffix' => 'th',
+        ],
+
+        'edit' => [
+            'head' => 'Edit report card',
+            'matricule_label' => 'ID number',
+            'saving' => 'Saving…',
+            'appreciations' => 'Comments by subject',
+            'col_subject' => 'Subject',
+            'col_average' => 'Average',
+            'col_appreciation' => 'Comment',
+            'appreciation_ph' => "Teacher's comment",
+            'discipline' => 'Discipline & decision',
+            'lateness' => 'Lateness (auto)',
+            'absences' => 'Absences (auto)',
+            'punishments' => 'Punishments',
+            'exclusions' => 'Exclusions',
+            'decision' => 'Council decision',
+            'decision_ph' => 'E.g. Honor roll, Congratulations, Warning…',
+            'observations' => 'Head of school observations',
+            'observations_ph' => 'Observations',
+        ],
+    ],
+
+    'reclamations' => [
+        'status' => [
+            'pending' => 'Pending',
+            'approved' => 'Approved',
+            'rejected' => 'Rejected',
+        ],
+
+        'index' => [
+            'head' => 'Mark appeals',
+            'subtitle' => 'Correction requests on closed evaluations',
+            'pending_badge' => ':count awaiting processing',
+            'all_statuses' => 'All statuses',
+            'status_pending' => 'Pending',
+            'status_approved' => 'Approved',
+            'status_rejected' => 'Rejected',
+            'col_date' => 'Date',
+            'col_student' => 'Student',
+            'col_evaluation' => 'Evaluation',
+            'col_requested_by' => 'Requested by',
+            'col_original' => 'Orig. score',
+            'col_requested' => 'Req. score',
+            'col_status' => 'Status',
+            'col_action' => 'Action',
+            'empty' => 'No appeal.',
+            'process' => 'Process',
+            'view' => 'View',
+            'total' => ':count appeal(s)',
+        ],
+
+        'create' => [
+            'head' => 'File an appeal',
+            'subtitle' => 'Correction of a mark on a closed evaluation',
+            'locked' => 'Closed evaluation',
+            'on_max' => 'Out of :max',
+            'student_concerned' => 'Student concerned',
+            'pending_exists' => 'Appeal already in progress',
+            'pending_exists_hint' => 'An appeal is already awaiting processing for this student.',
+            'current_score' => 'Current mark (recorded)',
+            'requested_score' => 'Requested mark',
+            'reason' => 'Reason for the appeal *',
+            'reason_ph' => 'Describe the reason for the appeal (entry error, justified absence, etc.)',
+            'submitting' => 'Sending...',
+            'submit' => 'Submit appeal',
+            'view_reclamations' => 'View appeals',
+        ],
+
+        'show' => [
+            'head' => 'Appeal — :name',
+            'title' => 'Appeal details',
+            'filed_on' => 'Filed on :date',
+            'student' => 'Student',
+            'evaluation' => 'Evaluation',
+            'score_registered' => 'Recorded mark',
+            'score_requested' => 'Requested mark',
+            'score_corrected' => 'Corrected mark',
+            'reason_label' => 'Reason for the appeal',
+            'requested_by' => 'Requested by :name',
+            'decision' => 'Decision — :status',
+            'reviewed_by' => 'By :name',
+            'process_title' => 'Process the appeal',
+            'approve' => 'Approve',
+            'reject' => 'Reject',
+            'approving' => 'Approving the appeal',
+            'rejecting' => 'Rejecting the appeal',
+            'corrected_score_label' => 'Corrected mark *',
+            'internal_note' => 'Internal note (optional)',
+            'reject_reason' => 'Rejection reason',
+            'internal_note_ph' => 'Possible remarks...',
+            'reject_reason_ph' => 'Explain why the appeal is rejected...',
+            'saving' => 'Saving...',
+            'confirm_approve' => 'Confirm approval',
+            'confirm_reject' => 'Confirm rejection',
+        ],
+    ],
+];
diff --git a/lang/en/paie.php b/lang/en/paie.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c5ed24be
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lang/en/paie.php
@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+<?php
+
+return [
+    'months' => [
+        1 => 'January',
+        2 => 'February',
+        3 => 'March',
+        4 => 'April',
+        5 => 'May',
+        6 => 'June',
+        7 => 'July',
+        8 => 'August',
+        9 => 'September',
+        10 => 'October',
+        11 => 'November',
+        12 => 'December',
+    ],
+
+    'status' => [
+        'draft' => 'Draft',
+        'validated' => 'Validated',
+        'paid' => 'Paid',
+        'cancelled' => 'Cancelled',
+    ],
+
+    'line_type' => [
+        'earning' => 'Earning',
+        'deduction' => 'Deduction',
+    ],
+
+    'index' => [
+        'head' => 'Payroll runs',
+        'subtitle' => 'Generate, validate and disburse monthly payroll.',
+        'new' => 'New run',
+        'search_ph' => 'Reference, label...',
+        'all_statuses' => 'All statuses',
+        'all_years' => 'All years',
+        'all_months' => 'All months',
+        'search' => 'Search',
+        'reset' => 'Reset',
+        'count' => ':count run(s)',
+        'filtered' => '— filtered',
+        'per_page' => 'Rows per page:',
+        'col_period' => 'Period',
+        'col_reference' => 'Reference',
+        'col_payslips' => 'Payslips',
+        'col_net' => 'Total net',
+        'col_status' => 'Status',
+        'col_actions' => 'Actions',
+        'empty' => 'No payroll run',
+        'view' => 'View details',
+        'delete' => 'Delete the run',
+        'range' => ':from–:to of :total',
+        'delete_title' => 'Delete this payroll run?',
+        'delete_desc_prefix' => '":period" and its :count payslip(s) will be permanently deleted. ',
+        'delete_desc_paid' => 'As the run is paid, the cash accounts will be credited back and the accounting entries deleted.',
+        'delete_desc_irreversible' => 'This action is irreversible.',
+        'cancel' => 'Cancel',
+        'delete_btn' => 'Delete',
+    ],
+
+    'create' => [
+        'head' => 'New payroll run',
+        'title' => 'New payroll run',
+        'subtitle' => 'A payslip will be generated for each active employee.',
+        'period' => 'Period',
+        'month' => 'Month *',
+        'year' => 'Year *',
+        'label' => 'Label (optional)',
+        'label_ph' => 'E.g. Year-end payroll',
+        'employees_info' => ':count active employee(s) — one payslip per employee.',
+        'components_info' => ':count automatic item(s) applied.',
+        'draft_note' => 'You can adjust each payslip while the run is a draft.',
+        'generating' => 'Generating...',
+        'generate' => 'Generate the run',
+        'cancel' => 'Cancel',
+        'no_employees' => 'Add active employees first.',
+    ],
+
+    'show' => [
+        'head' => 'Payroll :period',
+        'title' => 'Payroll :period',
+        'disbursed_on' => ' — disbursed from :account',
+        'validate' => 'Validate',
+        'cancel' => 'Cancel',
+        'pay' => 'Pay',
+        'cancel_pay' => 'Cancel the payroll',
+        'delete' => 'Delete',
+        'total_earnings' => 'Total earnings',
+        'total_deductions' => 'Total deductions',
+        'net_mass' => 'Net payroll mass',
+        'payslips_count' => ':count payslip(s)',
+        'search_ph' => 'Search for an employee…',
+        'col_employee' => 'Employee',
+        'col_earnings' => 'Earnings',
+        'col_deductions' => 'Deductions',
+        'col_net' => 'Net to pay',
+        'empty' => 'No payslip found.',
+        'download_payslip' => 'Download the payslip',
+        'edit' => 'Edit',
+        'range' => ':from–:to of :total',
+        'editor_title' => 'Payslip — :name',
+        'line_label_ph' => 'Label',
+        'remove' => 'Remove',
+        'add_line' => 'Add a line',
+        'net' => 'Net: :amount',
+        'cancel_btn' => 'Cancel',
+        'save' => 'Save',
+        'pay_title' => 'Disburse the payroll',
+        'pay_amount' => 'Net mass to disburse: :amount.',
+        'cash_account' => 'Cash account *',
+        'select_cash' => 'Select a cash account',
+        'cash_balance' => ':name — balance :balance',
+        'over_balance' => 'The cash account balance is insufficient: it will go negative.',
+        'confirm_payment' => 'Confirm payment',
+        'confirm_validate_title' => 'Validate this run?',
+        'confirm_cancel_title' => 'Cancel this run?',
+        'confirm_validate_desc' => 'The payslips will no longer be editable. You can then disburse the payroll.',
+        'confirm_cancel_paid_desc' => 'The payroll will be cancelled: the cash accounts will be credited back and the accounting entries deleted.',
+        'confirm_cancel_desc' => 'The run will be cancelled.',
+        'back' => 'Back',
+        'validate_action' => 'Validate',
+        'cancel_action' => 'Cancel the run',
+        'delete_title' => 'Delete this payroll run?',
+        'delete_desc_prefix' => '":period" and its :count payslip(s) will be permanently deleted.',
+        'delete_desc_paid' => 'As the run is paid, the cash accounts will be credited back and the accounting entries deleted.',
+        'delete_desc_irreversible' => 'This action is irreversible.',
+        'delete_btn' => 'Delete',
+    ],
+];
diff --git a/lang/en/parametres.php b/lang/en/parametres.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..672e0ad8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lang/en/parametres.php
@@ -0,0 +1,1092 @@
+<?php
+
+return [
+    'common' => [
+        'view' => 'View',
+        'edit' => 'Edit',
+        'delete' => 'Delete',
+        'cancel' => 'Cancel',
+        'save' => 'Save',
+        'search' => 'Search',
+        'clear' => 'Clear',
+        'prev' => 'Previous',
+        'next' => 'Next',
+        'showing' => 'Showing :from to :to of :total',
+        'actions' => 'Actions',
+        'irreversible' => 'This action is irreversible.',
+        'creating' => 'Creating...',
+        'updating' => 'Updating...',
+        'update' => 'Update',
+        'created_at' => 'Created at',
+        'created_on' => 'Created on',
+        'updated_on' => 'Last updated',
+    ],
+
+    'countries' => [
+        'head' => 'Countries',
+        'title' => 'Countries',
+        'subtitle' => 'Manage the list of countries (nationalities, origins).',
+        'new' => 'New country',
+        'search_ph' => 'Search a country (name, code)…',
+        'th_name' => 'Name',
+        'th_code' => 'Code',
+        'empty' => 'No country found',
+        'delete_q' => 'Delete this country?',
+        'create_head' => 'Create a country',
+        'create_title' => 'Create a country',
+        'create_subtitle' => 'Enter the country name and code.',
+        'edit_head' => 'Edit :name',
+        'edit_title' => 'Edit a country',
+        'edit_subtitle' => 'Update the information for :name.',
+        'form_section' => 'Country information',
+        'name' => 'Name',
+        'name_ph' => 'e.g. Togo',
+        'code' => 'Code',
+        'code_ph' => 'e.g. TG',
+        'code_hint' => 'Unique code (e.g. ISO: TG, BJ, CI…).',
+        'submit_create' => 'Create country',
+    ],
+
+    'schools' => [
+        'active' => 'Active',
+        'inactive' => 'Inactive',
+        'section_general' => 'General information',
+        'terme_entity' => 'Term / Entity',
+        'devise' => 'Motto',
+        'email' => 'Email',
+        'phone' => 'Phone',
+        'section_location' => 'Location',
+        'region' => 'Region',
+        'city' => 'City',
+        'po_box' => 'PO Box',
+        'address' => 'Address',
+        'section_events' => 'Events',
+        'created_on' => 'Created on',
+        'updated_on' => 'Updated on',
+
+        'create_head' => 'New school',
+        'create_title' => 'Configure the school',
+        'create_subtitle' => 'Enter the school information.',
+        'edit_head' => 'Edit :name',
+        'edit_title' => 'School settings',
+        'edit_subtitle' => 'Information, logo, header and motto for :name.',
+
+        'section_identity' => 'School identity',
+        'name' => 'Name',
+        'name_ph' => 'e.g. Jean Jaurès High School',
+        'code' => 'Code',
+        'code_ph' => 'e.g. LJJ001',
+        'terme' => 'Term / Parent entity',
+        'terme_ph' => 'e.g. Togolese Republic',
+        'ministry' => 'Supervising ministry',
+        'ministry_ph' => 'e.g. Ministry of Primary, Secondary and Technical Education',
+        'ministry_hint' => 'Shown at the top left of the official document header.',
+        'devise_label' => 'School motto (slogan)',
+        'devise_ph' => 'e.g. Work, Freedom, Homeland',
+        'currency' => 'Currency (accounting)',
+        'section_logo' => 'Logo and contact',
+        'logo_label' => 'School logo',
+        'change_logo' => 'Change logo',
+        'choose_image' => 'Choose an image',
+        'logo_hint' => 'JPG, PNG, WebP — max 2 MB',
+        'email_label' => 'Email',
+        'email_ph' => 'contact@school.com',
+        'phone_label' => 'Phone',
+        'phone_ph' => '+228 XX XX XX XX',
+        'region_label' => 'Region',
+        'city_label' => 'City',
+        'po_box_label' => 'PO Box',
+        'po_box_ph' => 'PO Box 123',
+        'address_label' => 'Full address',
+        'section_class_types' => 'Offered class types',
+        'no_class_types' => 'No class type available. Create one first in Settings → Class types.',
+        'semester' => 'Semester (2 terms)',
+        'trimester' => 'Trimester (3 terms)',
+        'section_status' => 'Status',
+        'active_label' => 'Active school',
+        'portal_label' => 'Parent / student portal access',
+        'portal_hint' => 'When disabled, login and all parent/student area features are blocked.',
+        'submit_create' => 'Create school',
+    ],
+
+    'about' => [
+        'head' => 'About',
+        'intro' => 'School management system — from student enrollment to report cards, including tuition and payroll. Designed for Togolese schools 🇹🇬.',
+        'section_covers' => 'What the application covers',
+        'section_license' => 'Publisher & license',
+        'edited_by' => 'Published by',
+        'license' => 'License',
+        'license_value' => 'GNU GPL v3 — free software',
+        'rights' => 'Rights',
+        'license_note' => 'You may use, study, modify and redistribute this software under the terms of the GPL v3.',
+        'section_tech' => 'Technical information',
+        'app_version' => 'Application version',
+        'environment' => 'Environment',
+        'section_support' => 'Need help?',
+        'support_before' => 'First check the',
+        'link_docs' => 'documentation',
+        'support_middle' => '. To report a problem or suggest an improvement, open a ticket on the',
+        'link_repo' => 'GitHub repository',
+        'modules' => [
+            'students' => ['title' => 'Students & enrollment', 'desc' => 'Full records, enrollment, class promotion, scholarships.'],
+            'grades' => ['title' => 'Grades & reports', 'desc' => 'Entry, configurable averages, PDF reports, appeals.'],
+            'attendance' => ['title' => 'Attendance', 'desc' => 'Roll call per session, attendance statistics, absence permissions.'],
+            'exams' => ['title' => 'Official exams', 'desc' => 'CEPD, BEPC, BAC: registrations, scheduling, results.'],
+            'finance' => ['title' => 'Finances & recovery', 'desc' => 'Fees, invoices, payments (incl. Mobile Money), receipts.'],
+            'payroll' => ['title' => 'Staff & payroll', 'desc' => 'Employee records, pay runs, payslips (CNSS, ITS).'],
+            'timetable' => ['title' => 'Timetable & calendar', 'desc' => 'Grids per class, school calendar.'],
+            'backups' => ['title' => 'Backups & statistics', 'desc' => 'Scheduled backups, dashboards and exports.'],
+        ],
+        'links' => [
+            'docs' => ['title' => 'Documentation', 'sub' => 'A to Z guide'],
+            'website' => ['title' => 'Website', 'sub' => 'Overview & features'],
+            'source' => ['title' => 'Source code', 'sub' => 'GitHub repository'],
+            'changelog' => ['title' => 'Changelog', 'sub' => 'History of changes'],
+        ],
+    ],
+
+    'evaluation_types' => [
+        'head' => 'Evaluation types',
+        'title' => 'Evaluation types',
+        'subtitle' => 'Manage evaluation types',
+        'new' => 'New type',
+        'stat_total' => 'Total types',
+        'stat_shown' => 'Results shown',
+        'stat_page' => 'Page',
+        'search_ph' => 'Search a type...',
+        'th_name' => 'Name',
+        'th_description' => 'Description',
+        'th_created' => 'Created on',
+        'empty' => 'No type found',
+        'delete_q' => 'Delete this type?',
+
+        'create_head' => 'Create an evaluation type',
+        'create_title' => 'Create an evaluation type',
+        'create_subtitle' => 'Enter the evaluation type information.',
+        'edit_head' => 'Edit evaluation type',
+        'edit_title' => 'Edit an evaluation type',
+        'edit_subtitle' => 'Update the information for :name.',
+
+        'show_subtitle' => 'Evaluation type details.',
+        'main_info' => 'Main information',
+        'name' => 'Name',
+        'description' => 'Description',
+        'no_description' => 'No description provided for this evaluation type.',
+        'history' => 'History',
+        'created_on' => 'Created on',
+        'updated_on' => 'Updated on',
+
+        'form_section' => 'Evaluation type information',
+        'name_label' => 'Name *',
+        'name_ph' => 'e.g. Supervised test',
+        'category_label' => 'Category *',
+        'category_ph' => 'Choose a category',
+        'category_hint' => 'Determines whether grades feed the report card\'s "class grade" or "composition".',
+        'cat_continu' => 'Continuous assessment (class grade)',
+        'cat_composition' => 'Composition (exam)',
+        'description_label' => 'Description',
+        'description_ph' => 'Specify the educational context of this evaluation type...',
+        'preview' => 'Preview',
+        'preview_name' => 'Type name',
+        'preview_no_description' => 'No description provided.',
+        'submit_create' => 'Create type',
+    ],
+
+    'grading_configs' => [
+        'head' => 'Average calculation settings',
+        'title' => 'Average calculation',
+        'subtitle' => 'Customize the calculation formula per school',
+        'new' => 'New configuration',
+        'filter_all' => 'All schools',
+        'th_name' => 'Name',
+        'th_school' => 'School',
+        'th_class_type' => 'Class type',
+        'th_threshold' => 'Threshold',
+        'th_max' => 'Max score',
+        'th_round' => 'Rounding',
+        'th_status' => 'Status',
+        'all_default' => 'All (default)',
+        'decimals' => ':n dec.',
+        'active' => 'Active',
+        'inactive' => 'Inactive',
+        'activate' => 'Activate',
+        'empty' => 'No configuration. Create one to customize average calculation.',
+        'count' => ':n configuration(s)',
+        'delete_q' => 'Delete this configuration?',
+
+        'create_head' => 'New calculation configuration',
+        'create_title' => 'New configuration',
+        'create_subtitle' => 'Define the average calculation formula (per class type)',
+        'submit_create' => 'Create configuration',
+        'edit_head' => 'Edit — :name',
+        'edit_title' => 'Edit configuration',
+        'saving' => 'Saving...',
+
+        'school_label' => 'School *',
+        'school_ph' => 'Select a school',
+        'class_type_label' => 'Class type',
+        'all_classes' => 'All classes (school default)',
+        'class_type_hint' => 'Leave "All classes" for a school default formula.',
+        'name_label' => 'Name *',
+        'name_ph' => 'e.g. Standard formula 2025',
+        'passing_label' => 'Passing threshold',
+        'max_label' => 'Default maximum score',
+        'weight_label' => 'Class grade / Composition weighting',
+        'class_weight_label' => 'Class grade (continuous assessment)',
+        'comp_weight_label' => 'Composition',
+        'pct_class' => 'Class',
+        'pct_comp' => 'Composition',
+        'formula' => 'Subject average = (Class × :cw + Composition × :pw) / :total.',
+        'precision_label' => 'Rounding precision',
+        'precision_0' => 'Integer (e.g. 12)',
+        'precision_1' => '1 decimal (e.g. 12.5)',
+        'precision_2' => '2 decimals (e.g. 12.50)',
+        'precision_3' => '3 decimals (e.g. 12.500)',
+        'mentions_label' => 'Honors (thresholds)',
+        'add' => 'Add',
+        'no_mentions' => 'No honors configured.',
+        'mention_label_ph' => 'Label (e.g. Congratulations)',
+        'mentions_hint' => 'The honor applied is the one with the highest threshold less than or equal to the average.',
+    ],
+
+    'subjects' => [
+        'head' => 'Subjects',
+        'title' => 'Subjects',
+        'subtitle' => 'Manage the subjects taught',
+        'new' => 'New subject',
+        'stat_total' => 'Total subjects',
+        'stat_shown' => 'Results shown',
+        'stat_page' => 'Page',
+        'search_ph' => 'Search a subject by name or code...',
+        'search_results' => 'Results for:',
+        'th_code' => 'Code',
+        'th_name' => 'Name',
+        'th_description' => 'Description',
+        'no_description' => 'No description',
+        'empty' => 'No subject found',
+        'page_showing' => 'Showing',
+        'page_to' => 'to',
+        'page_of' => 'of',
+        'page_unit' => 'subjects',
+        'page_label' => 'Page',
+        'delete_title' => 'Delete subject',
+        'delete_desc' => 'Are you sure you want to delete this subject? This action is irreversible.',
+        'deleting' => 'Deleting...',
+
+        'create_head' => 'Create a subject',
+        'create_title' => 'Create a subject',
+        'create_subtitle' => 'Enter the subject information.',
+        'edit_head' => 'Edit :name',
+        'edit_title' => 'Edit a subject',
+        'edit_subtitle' => 'Update the information for :name.',
+
+        'show_subtitle' => 'Subject detail and tracking.',
+        'info_section' => 'Subject information',
+        'description' => 'Description',
+        'show_no_description' => 'No description provided for this subject.',
+        'history' => 'History',
+        'created_on' => 'Created on',
+        'updated_on' => 'Last updated',
+        'summary' => 'Summary',
+        'summary_before' => 'The subject',
+        'summary_middle' => 'is identified by the code',
+        'summary_stats' => 'Usage statistics will be shown here as soon as they are available.',
+        'edit_this' => 'Edit this subject',
+
+        'form_section' => 'Subject information',
+        'code_label' => 'Code *',
+        'code_ph' => 'e.g. MATH101',
+        'code_hint' => 'Unique code used to identify the subject.',
+        'name_label' => 'Name *',
+        'name_ph' => 'e.g. Mathematics',
+        'parent_label' => 'Parent subject (sub-subject)',
+        'no_parent' => 'None (main subject)',
+        'parent_hint' => 'Attach this subject to a main subject to make it a sub-subject (e.g. "Dictation" under "French").',
+        'description_label' => 'Description',
+        'description_ph' => 'Briefly describe the content and objectives of the subject...',
+        'description_hint' => 'Optional, maximum 1000 characters.',
+        'preview' => 'Preview',
+        'preview_code' => 'CODE',
+        'preview_name' => 'Subject name',
+        'submit_create' => 'Create subject',
+    ],
+
+    'fee_categories' => [
+        'head' => 'Fee categories',
+        'title' => 'Fee categories',
+        'subtitle' => 'Manage school fee categories',
+        'new' => 'New category',
+        'stat_total' => 'Total categories',
+        'search_ph' => 'Search by name or description...',
+        'th_name' => 'Name',
+        'th_description' => 'Description',
+        'th_created' => 'Created date',
+        'empty' => 'No category found',
+        'delete_title' => 'Delete category',
+        'delete_desc' => 'This action cannot be undone. Are you sure you want to delete this category?',
+        'deleting' => 'Deleting...',
+
+        'create_head' => 'New fee category',
+        'create_title' => 'Create a fee category',
+        'edit_head' => 'Edit fee category',
+        'edit_title' => 'Edit fee category',
+        'identity' => 'Category identity',
+        'name_label' => 'Name *',
+        'name_ph' => 'e.g. Tuition fees, Canteen fees...',
+        'description' => 'Description',
+        'description_ph' => 'Describe this fee category...',
+        'create' => 'Create',
+
+        'show_head' => 'Category: :name',
+        'show_title' => 'Category detail',
+        'name' => 'Name',
+        'created_on' => 'Created on',
+        'show_no_description' => 'No description provided',
+        'updated_on' => 'Last updated',
+        'id' => 'ID',
+        'delete_desc_show' => 'This action cannot be undone. Are you sure you want to delete this fee category?',
+    ],
+
+    'classroom_types' => [
+        'head' => 'Class types',
+        'title' => 'Class types',
+        'subtitle' => 'Manage the available class types',
+        'new' => 'New type',
+        'stat_total' => 'Total types',
+        'stat_active' => 'Active types',
+        'stat_page' => 'Page',
+        'search_ph' => 'Search a type...',
+        'reset' => 'Reset',
+        'th_name' => 'Name',
+        'th_description' => 'Description',
+        'th_status' => 'Status',
+        'empty' => 'No type found',
+        'active' => '✓ Active',
+        'inactive' => 'Inactive',
+        'page_showing_before' => 'Showing',
+        'page_showing_to' => 'to',
+        'page_showing_on' => 'of',
+        'page_unit' => 'types',
+        'page_label' => 'Page',
+        'page_of' => 'of',
+        'delete_title' => 'Delete type',
+        'delete_desc' => 'Are you sure you want to delete this class type? This action is irreversible.',
+        'deleting' => 'Deleting...',
+
+        'create_head' => 'New class type',
+        'create_title' => 'Create a class type',
+        'create_subtitle' => 'Enter the type information.',
+        'edit_head' => 'Edit :name',
+        'edit_title' => 'Edit a class type',
+        'edit_subtitle' => 'Update the information for :name.',
+
+        'show_status' => 'Status',
+        'show_active' => '✓ Active',
+        'show_inactive' => 'Inactive',
+        'linked_classrooms' => 'Linked classrooms',
+        'created_on' => 'Created on',
+        'updated_on' => 'Last updated',
+        'classes_using' => 'Classrooms using this type',
+        'classes_using_sub' => 'Showing all classrooms assigned to this type',
+        'no_classroom' => 'No classroom uses this type yet',
+        'create_classroom' => 'Create a classroom',
+        'cr_name' => 'Name',
+        'cr_code' => 'Code',
+        'cr_capacity' => 'Capacity',
+        'cr_status' => 'Status',
+        'cr_action' => 'Action',
+        'cr_places' => ':n seats',
+        'cr_active' => '✓ Active',
+        'cr_inactive' => 'Inactive',
+        'cr_view' => 'View',
+
+        'form_section' => 'Type information',
+        'name_label' => 'Name *',
+        'name_ph' => 'e.g. General class',
+        'description_label' => 'Description',
+        'description_ph' => 'Class type description...',
+        'period_label' => 'Period system *',
+        'period_trimestre' => 'Trimester (3 periods)',
+        'period_semestre' => 'Semester (2 periods)',
+        'period_hint' => 'Determines how the year is split (report cards, assessments) for this class type.',
+        'status_section' => 'Status',
+        'active_label' => 'Active type',
+        'submit_create' => 'Create type',
+    ],
+
+    'scholarships' => [
+        'head' => 'Scholarships',
+        'title' => 'Scholarships',
+        'subtitle' => 'Manage tuition fee reductions',
+        'new' => 'New scholarship',
+        'stat_total' => 'Total scholarships',
+        'stat_percentage' => 'Percentage scholarships',
+        'stat_fixed' => 'Fixed amounts',
+        'search_ph' => 'Search a scholarship...',
+        'search_results' => 'Results for:',
+        'th_name' => 'Name',
+        'th_type' => 'Type',
+        'th_value' => 'Value',
+        'th_created' => 'Created date',
+        'empty' => 'No scholarship found',
+        'type_percentage' => 'Percentage',
+        'type_fixed' => 'Fixed amount',
+        'page_showing' => 'Showing',
+        'page_to' => 'to',
+        'page_of' => 'of',
+        'page_unit' => 'scholarships',
+        'page_label' => 'Page',
+        'delete_title' => 'Delete scholarship',
+        'delete_desc' => 'Are you sure you want to delete this scholarship? This action is irreversible.',
+        'deleting' => 'Deleting...',
+
+        'create_head' => 'Create a scholarship',
+        'create_title' => 'Create a new scholarship',
+        'edit_head' => 'Edit :name',
+        'edit_title' => 'Edit :name',
+        'form_section' => 'Scholarship information',
+        'name_label' => 'Name *',
+        'name_ph' => 'e.g. Excellence scholarship',
+        'type_label' => 'Type *',
+        'type_ph' => 'Select a type',
+        'value_label_pct' => 'Value (%) *',
+        'value_label_fixed' => 'Value (amount) *',
+        'value_ph_pct' => 'e.g. 15',
+        'value_ph_fixed' => 'e.g. 100.00',
+        'description' => 'Description',
+        'description_ph' => 'Describe the scholarship...',
+        'submit_create' => 'Create scholarship',
+
+        'show_value' => 'Value',
+        'show_description' => 'Description',
+        'show_no_description' => 'No description available',
+        'history' => 'History',
+        'created_on' => 'Created on',
+        'updated_on' => 'Last updated',
+        'summary' => 'Summary',
+        'current_value' => 'Current value',
+    ],
+
+    'bulletin_templates' => [
+        'head' => 'Report card template',
+        'title' => 'Report card template',
+        'subtitle_before' => 'Build the report card columns for :name. The',
+        'subtitle_after' => 'token becomes "Term." or "Sem." depending on the class type.',
+        'load_preset' => 'Load a preset…',
+        'saving' => 'Saving…',
+        'columns' => 'Columns (:n)',
+        'total_width' => 'Total width: :w%',
+        'default_column' => 'Column',
+        'label_ph' => 'Label',
+        'type_prefix' => 'Type: :name',
+        'add_column' => 'Add a column',
+        'footer' => 'Report card footer',
+        'opt_class_stats' => 'Show class statistics (highest / lowest / overall average)',
+        'opt_period_recap' => 'Show inter-period recap + annual average',
+        'opt_discipline' => 'Show the discipline block (lateness, absences, board decision)',
+        'signatory_left' => 'Signatory (left)',
+        'signatory_right' => 'Signatory (right)',
+        'legal_note' => 'Legal notice (N.B.)',
+    ],
+
+    'file_storage' => [
+        'head' => 'Files & Storage',
+        'title' => 'Files & Storage',
+        'subtitle' => 'Configure where uploaded files (logos, documents) will be stored.',
+        'toast_saved_title' => 'Configuration saved',
+        'toast_saved_desc' => 'Storage settings have been updated.',
+        'toast_error_title' => 'Error',
+        'toast_error_desc' => 'Check the fields and try again.',
+        'toast_test_ok_title' => 'Connection successful',
+        'toast_test_ok_desc' => 'The ":driver" disk is accessible and working.',
+        'toast_test_fail_title' => 'Connection failed',
+        'toast_unknown_error' => 'Unknown error.',
+        'toast_unreachable' => 'Unable to reach the storage.',
+        'driver_local' => 'Local storage',
+        'driver_local_desc' => 'Files on the Laravel server (public/storage)',
+        'driver_s3' => 'S3 cloud storage',
+        'driver_s3_desc' => 'AWS S3, Cloudflare R2, MinIO or S3-compatible',
+        's3_section' => 'S3 / Cloudflare R2 configuration',
+        'access_key' => 'Access Key',
+        'secret_key' => 'Secret Key',
+        'keep_hint' => '(leave empty to keep)',
+        'bucket' => 'Bucket *',
+        'region' => 'Region *',
+        'region_ph' => 'auto (R2) or eu-west-1 (AWS)',
+        'endpoint' => 'Endpoint',
+        'endpoint_hint' => '(R2/MinIO — leave empty for AWS)',
+        'public_url' => 'Public URL',
+        'public_url_hint' => '(CDN or custom domain)',
+        'r2_title' => 'Cloudflare R2 (recommended)',
+        'r2_region' => '• Region:',
+        'r2_endpoint' => '• Endpoint:',
+        'r2_bandwidth' => '• No egress bandwidth fees (ideal for Africa)',
+        'local_active' => 'Local storage active',
+        'local_active_before' => 'Files are stored in',
+        'local_active_middle' => 'and served via',
+        'test_connection' => 'Test connection',
+        'save' => 'Save',
+    ],
+
+    'backups' => [
+        'head' => 'Backups',
+        'title' => 'Backups',
+        'subtitle' => 'Back up the database (JSON / SQL) and schedule automatic backups.',
+        'size_mb' => ':n MB',
+        'size_kb' => ':n KB',
+        'day_1' => 'Monday',
+        'day_2' => 'Tuesday',
+        'day_3' => 'Wednesday',
+        'day_4' => 'Thursday',
+        'day_5' => 'Friday',
+        'day_6' => 'Saturday',
+        'day_7' => 'Sunday',
+        'dest_label' => 'Destination:',
+        'dest_remote' => 'Remote repository (S3 / R2)',
+        'dest_local' => 'Local server storage',
+        'dest_remote_desc' => 'Backups are sent to your configured cloud storage.',
+        'dest_local_desc' => 'Configure S3/R2 storage in "Files & Storage" to externalize backups.',
+        'manual_title' => 'Back up now',
+        'include_media' => 'Include media (documents, photos)',
+        'running' => 'Backing up…',
+        'run_backup' => 'Run backup',
+        'manual_hint_before' => 'With media, the backup is produced in',
+        'manual_hint_after' => 'format (database + uploaded files). Otherwise, only the database is backed up.',
+        'archive_title' => 'Archive a school year',
+        'archive_desc_before' => 'Generates a complete',
+        'archive_desc_locked' => 'locked',
+        'archive_desc_after' => 'snapshot kept long-term (excluded from automatic retention). The archive is also created automatically when a year is closed.',
+        'academic_year' => 'School year',
+        'choose_year' => 'Choose a year…',
+        'already_archived' => ' — already archived',
+        'archiving' => 'Archiving…',
+        'archive_year' => 'Archive the year',
+        'schedule_title' => 'Automatic scheduling',
+        'frequency' => 'Frequency',
+        'freq_none' => 'Disabled',
+        'freq_daily' => 'Daily',
+        'freq_weekly' => 'Weekly',
+        'time' => 'Time',
+        'day' => 'Day',
+        'retention' => 'Retention (number kept)',
+        'formats_generated' => 'Generated formats',
+        'schedule_hint_before' => 'Scheduling requires the Laravel scheduler to run on the server',
+        'schedule_hint_after' => 'via cron, every minute).',
+        'save_schedule' => 'Save schedule',
+        'restore_title' => 'Restore the database',
+        'restore_warn_before' => 'Restoring',
+        'restore_warn_bold' => 'overwrites current data',
+        'restore_warn_after' => 'with the file content. A safety backup (JSON) is created automatically before the operation.',
+        'restoring' => 'Restoring…',
+        'restore' => 'Restore',
+        'restore_one_table' => 'Restore a single table (optional)',
+        'all_tables' => 'Whole database',
+        'restore_table_hint_before' => 'Table-targeted restore is only available with',
+        'restore_table_hint_after' => '(or .json.gz) files and only overwrites the chosen table.',
+        'accepted_formats' => 'Accepted formats: .json, .sql, .gz (compressed), .dump (PostgreSQL) or .zip (database + media) from this application — max 200 MB.',
+        'history_title' => 'Backup history',
+        'th_file' => 'File',
+        'th_format' => 'Format',
+        'th_size' => 'Size',
+        'th_origin' => 'Origin',
+        'th_status' => 'Status',
+        'th_date' => 'Date',
+        'empty' => 'No backup yet.',
+        'badge_archive' => 'Archive',
+        'badge_media' => '+ media',
+        'origin_scheduled' => 'Scheduled',
+        'origin_manual' => 'Manual',
+        'status_ok' => 'OK',
+        'status_fail' => 'Failed',
+        'verify_integrity' => 'Verify integrity',
+        'restore_confirm_title' => 'Confirm restore?',
+        'restore_confirm_desc' => 'All current data will be replaced by the content of ":name". A safety backup is created first. This action is irreversible.',
+        'restore_now' => 'Restore now',
+        'delete_title' => 'Delete this backup?',
+        'delete_desc' => 'The file will be permanently deleted from storage.',
+    ],
+
+    'academic_years' => [
+        'head' => 'Academic years',
+        'title' => 'Academic years',
+        'subtitle' => 'Manage academic years',
+        'new' => 'New year',
+        'stat_total' => 'Total years',
+        'stat_active' => 'Active years',
+        'stat_page' => 'Page',
+        'search_ph' => 'Search for a year...',
+        'th_year' => 'Year',
+        'th_start' => 'Start date',
+        'th_end' => 'End date',
+        'th_status' => 'Status',
+        'status_active' => 'Active',
+        'status_inactive' => 'Inactive',
+        'empty' => 'No academic year found',
+        'delete_title' => 'Confirm deletion',
+        'delete_desc' => 'Are you sure you want to delete this academic year? This action is irreversible.',
+        'deleting' => 'Deleting...',
+        'create_head' => 'Create an academic year',
+        'create_title' => 'Create a new academic year',
+        'edit_head' => 'Edit :year',
+        'edit_title' => 'Edit :year',
+        'section_period' => 'Academic period',
+        'label_year' => 'Year',
+        'year_ph' => 'e.g. 2025-2026',
+        'label_start' => 'Start date',
+        'label_end' => 'End date',
+        'section_activation' => 'Activation',
+        'active_label' => 'Active year',
+        'active_hint' => 'Check this box if it is the current academic year',
+        'submit_create' => 'Create academic year',
+        'info_title' => 'Academic year information',
+        'field_status' => 'Status',
+        'field_status_active' => 'Active',
+        'field_status_inactive' => 'Inactive',
+        'period_title' => 'Period',
+        'period_from' => 'From',
+        'period_to' => 'To',
+        'history_title' => 'History',
+        'stats_title' => 'Statistics',
+        'stats_classes' => 'Classes',
+        'stats_students' => 'Enrolled students',
+        'stats_teachers' => 'Teachers',
+        'state_title' => 'State',
+        'state_active_title' => 'Current year',
+        'state_active_desc' => 'This year is currently active',
+        'state_inactive_title' => 'Inactive year',
+        'state_inactive_desc' => 'This year is not active',
+    ],
+
+    'academic_periods' => [
+        'head' => 'Academic periods',
+        'title' => 'Academic periods',
+        'subtitle' => 'Manage academic periods (terms and semesters)',
+        'new' => 'New period',
+        'stat_total' => 'Total periods',
+        'stat_active' => 'Active periods',
+        'stat_page' => 'Page',
+        'search_ph' => 'Search for a period...',
+        'th_name' => 'Name',
+        'th_year' => 'Year',
+        'th_type' => 'Type',
+        'th_order' => 'Order',
+        'th_period' => 'Period',
+        'th_status' => 'Status',
+        'type_trimester' => 'Term',
+        'type_semester' => 'Semester',
+        'status_active' => 'Active',
+        'status_inactive' => 'Inactive',
+        'empty' => 'No academic period found',
+        'delete_title' => 'Confirm deletion',
+        'delete_desc' => 'Are you sure you want to delete this academic period? This action is irreversible.',
+        'deleting' => 'Deleting...',
+        'create_head' => 'Create an academic period',
+        'create_title' => 'Create an academic period',
+        'create_subtitle' => 'Set the information for the new period.',
+        'edit_head' => 'Edit :name',
+        'edit_title' => 'Edit period',
+        'section_identification' => 'Identification',
+        'label_name' => 'Name',
+        'name_ph' => 'e.g. Term 1, Semester 1...',
+        'label_year' => 'Academic year',
+        'year_ph' => 'Select a year',
+        'section_classification' => 'Classification',
+        'label_type' => 'Type',
+        'label_order' => 'Order',
+        'order_ph' => '1, 2, 3...',
+        'label_class_type' => 'Class type',
+        'class_type_all' => 'All classes (global)',
+        'class_type_hint' => 'Leave "global" to apply to all class types.',
+        'label_weight' => 'Weight (annual average)',
+        'section_calendar' => 'Calendar',
+        'label_start' => 'Start date',
+        'label_end' => 'End date',
+        'section_details' => 'Details & Status',
+        'label_description' => 'Description',
+        'description_ph' => 'Period description...',
+        'active_label' => 'Active period (current)',
+        'submit_create' => 'Create period',
+        'saving' => 'Saving...',
+        'submit_update' => 'Save changes',
+        'info_title' => 'Period information',
+        'system_title' => 'System information',
+        'label_id' => 'Identifier',
+        'about_title' => 'About',
+        'about_desc' => 'Academic periods divide the school year into terms or semesters to organize assessment and student tracking.',
+    ],
+
+    'classrooms' => [
+        'head' => 'Classes',
+        'title' => 'Classes',
+        'subtitle' => 'Manage your school\'s classes',
+        'new' => 'New class',
+        'stat_total' => 'Total classes',
+        'stat_active' => 'Active classes',
+        'stat_page' => 'Page',
+        'search_ph' => 'Search for a class...',
+        'reset' => 'Reset',
+        'th_name' => 'Name',
+        'th_code' => 'Code',
+        'th_type' => 'Type',
+        'th_capacity' => 'Capacity',
+        'empty' => 'No class found',
+        'assign_subjects' => 'Assign subjects',
+        'showing_sep' => 'of',
+        'showing_unit' => 'classes',
+        'delete_title' => 'Delete class',
+        'delete_desc' => 'Are you sure you want to delete this class? This action is irreversible.',
+        'deleting' => 'Deleting...',
+        'create_head' => 'New class',
+        'create_title' => 'Create a class',
+        'create_subtitle' => 'Enter the class information.',
+        'edit_head' => 'Edit :name',
+        'edit_title' => 'Edit a class',
+        'edit_subtitle' => 'Update the information for :name.',
+        'form_info' => 'Class information',
+        'label_name' => 'Name',
+        'name_ph' => 'e.g. 6th A',
+        'label_code' => 'Code',
+        'code_ph' => 'e.g. 6A-2026',
+        'label_capacity' => 'Capacity',
+        'label_expected_age' => 'Expected age',
+        'expected_age_ph' => 'e.g. 12',
+        'expected_age_hint' => 'Official expected age (basis for over-age calculation).',
+        'label_type' => 'Class type',
+        'type_none' => 'No type',
+        'preview' => 'Preview',
+        'preview_text_before' => 'This class will accommodate up to',
+        'preview_text_after' => 'students.',
+        'submit_create' => 'Create class',
+        'creating' => 'Creating...',
+        'show_code' => 'Code',
+        'show_capacity' => 'Capacity',
+        'show_capacity_hint' => 'available seats',
+        'show_type' => 'Class type',
+        'show_created_on' => 'Created on',
+        'show_updated_on' => 'Updated on',
+        'subjects_title' => 'Subjects and Coefficients',
+        'subjects_summary' => ':n subject(s) • Total coefficients: :total',
+        'select_year_ph' => 'Select a year',
+        'coef' => 'Coef.',
+        'no_assignments' => 'No subject assigned for this academic year',
+        // Assignments
+        'assign_head' => 'Assignments - :name',
+        'assign_title' => 'Assign subjects',
+        'assign_class_before' => 'Class:',
+        'assign_year_section' => 'Academic year',
+        'assign_year_ph' => 'Select an academic year',
+        'assign_subjects_section' => 'Subjects and coefficients',
+        'assign_search_ph' => 'Search for a subject...',
+        'assign_coef_ph' => 'Coef',
+        'assign_selected_count' => ':n subject(s) selected',
+        'assign_submit' => 'Save assignments',
+        'assign_saving' => 'Saving...',
+        'err_year_required' => 'The academic year is required.',
+        'err_subjects_required' => 'Please select at least one subject.',
+        'err_coef_invalid' => 'Invalid coefficient (must be > 0).',
+    ],
+
+    'documents' => [
+        // Index
+        'head' => 'Document templates',
+        'title' => 'Document templates',
+        'subtitle' => 'Manage certificate, attestation and report card templates exportable to PDF.',
+        'btn_header' => 'Header',
+        'btn_registry' => 'Registry',
+        'btn_new' => 'New template',
+        'cat_empty' => 'No template in this category.',
+        'badge_default' => 'Default',
+        'status_active' => '● Active',
+        'status_inactive' => '● Inactive',
+        'delete_title' => 'Delete this template?',
+        'delete_desc' => 'This action is irreversible. Documents already issued are not affected.',
+        // Registry
+        'registry_head' => 'Document registry',
+        'registry_title' => 'Document registry',
+        'registry_subtitle' => 'Traceability of all issued documents (:n).',
+        'registry_search_ph' => 'Reference no., student name or ID...',
+        'registry_th_ref' => 'Reference',
+        'registry_th_doc' => 'Document',
+        'registry_th_student' => 'Student',
+        'registry_th_issuer' => 'Issued by',
+        'registry_th_date' => 'Date',
+        'registry_empty' => 'No document issued.',
+        // Show
+        'cat_certificat' => 'Certificate',
+        'cat_attestation' => 'Attestation',
+        'cat_bulletin' => 'Report card',
+        'show_features' => 'Characteristics',
+        'show_type' => 'Type',
+        'show_orientation' => 'Orientation',
+        'show_signatory' => 'Signatory',
+        'orientation_portrait' => 'Portrait',
+        'orientation_landscape' => 'Landscape',
+        'flag_header' => 'Official header',
+        'flag_signature' => 'Signature block',
+        'show_default' => 'Default template',
+        'show_active' => 'Active',
+        'show_inactive' => 'Inactive',
+        'show_sample_note' => 'The preview uses sample data. Variables will be replaced with the student\'s real information at generation.',
+        'show_preview' => 'Document preview',
+        // Edit
+        'edit_head' => 'Edit template',
+        'create_head' => 'New template',
+        'edit_title' => 'Edit template',
+        'create_title' => 'New document template',
+        'edit_subtitle' => 'Configure the document and its content with dynamic variables.',
+        'toast_saved_title' => 'Saved',
+        'toast_saved_desc' => 'Template saved.',
+        'toast_error_title' => 'Error',
+        'toast_error_desc' => 'Check the fields.',
+        'toast_preview_error' => 'Preview failed.',
+        'label_category' => 'Category',
+        'label_type' => 'Type',
+        'type_ph' => 'Choose a type',
+        'label_name' => 'Template name',
+        'name_ph' => 'e.g. Standard enrollment certificate',
+        'label_description' => 'Description',
+        'description_ph' => 'Template usage (optional)',
+        'label_source' => 'Body source',
+        'label_layout' => 'Predefined layout',
+        'layout_ph' => 'Choose a layout',
+        'layout_hint' => 'Layout provided by the application (logic, tables). The school header, signature and watermark still apply.',
+        'label_content' => 'Document content',
+        'content_tip' => 'Tip: place the cursor then click a variable on the right to insert it.',
+        'variables_title' => 'Available variables',
+        'insert_var' => 'Insert :var',
+        'options_title' => 'Layout',
+        'label_orientation' => 'Orientation',
+        'label_signatory' => 'Signatory title',
+        'signatory_ph' => 'The Principal',
+        'opt_header' => 'Official header (logo, term, motto)',
+        'opt_signature' => 'Signature block',
+        'opt_default' => 'Default template for this type',
+        'opt_active' => 'Active',
+        'btn_preview' => 'Preview',
+        'preview_sample_title' => 'Preview (sample data)',
+        // HeaderDesigner
+        'hd_head' => 'Document header',
+        'hd_title' => 'Document header',
+        'hd_subtitle' => 'Compose the header used for certificates, attestations and report cards. Drag the blocks to position them.',
+        'hd_reset' => 'Reset',
+        'hd_saving' => 'Saving…',
+        'hd_preset_label' => 'Header template',
+        'hd_watermark_both' => 'The watermark applies to both templates.',
+        'hd_ministerial_title' => 'Ministerial header (official)',
+        'hd_ministerial_p1' => 'The three-column header (Ministry & school · logo · Republic & motto) is generated automatically from the school information. Drag-and-drop is disabled for this template.',
+        'hd_ministerial_p2' => 'To change the ministry, name, logo or motto, go to the school settings.',
+        'hd_add_block' => 'Add a block',
+        'hd_block_logo' => 'Logo',
+        'hd_block_name' => 'Name',
+        'hd_block_motto' => 'Motto',
+        'hd_block_term' => 'Term',
+        'hd_block_contact' => 'Contact details',
+        'hd_block_text' => 'Text',
+        'hd_default_text' => 'Free text',
+        'hd_canvas_title' => 'Preview (A4 width)',
+        'hd_height' => 'Height',
+        'hd_canvas_hint' => 'Click a block to edit it, drag it to move it.',
+        'hd_block_props' => 'Block properties',
+        'hd_select_block' => 'Select a block in the preview.',
+        'hd_size_px' => 'Size (px)',
+        'hd_delete' => 'Delete',
+        'hd_content' => 'Content',
+        'hd_insert_var_ph' => 'Insert a variable…',
+        'hd_size' => 'Size',
+        'hd_width' => 'Width',
+        'hd_delete_block' => 'Delete block',
+        'hd_color' => 'Color',
+        'hd_watermark' => 'Watermark',
+        'hd_enable' => 'Enable',
+        'hd_wm_text' => 'Text',
+        'hd_wm_image' => 'Image / logo',
+        'hd_wm_text_ph' => 'Watermark text',
+        'hd_opacity' => 'Opacity: :n%',
+        'hd_wm_size' => 'Size: :n',
+        'hd_rotation' => 'Rotation: :n°',
+        'hd_var_note_before' => 'Variables like',
+        'hd_var_note_after' => 'are replaced when each document is generated.',
+    ],
+
+    'class_subjects' => [
+        // Index
+        'head' => 'Subject assignment to classes',
+        'title' => 'Subject assignment to classes',
+        'subtitle' => 'Manage the assignment of subjects to each class',
+        'new' => 'Add an assignment',
+        'stat_assignments' => 'Assignments',
+        'stat_classes' => 'Classes covered',
+        'search_ph' => 'Search for a class or subject...',
+        'search_results' => 'Results for:',
+        'th_class' => 'Class',
+        'th_subjects' => 'Assigned subjects',
+        'th_year' => 'Academic year',
+        'coef' => 'Coef',
+        'empty' => 'No assignment found',
+        'showing' => 'Showing :from to :to of :total assignments',
+        'page_of' => 'Page :current of :last',
+        'delete_title' => 'Confirm deletion',
+        'delete_desc' => 'Are you sure you want to delete this assignment? This action is irreversible.',
+        'deleting' => 'Deleting...',
+        // Create / Edit shared
+        'create_head' => 'Assign subjects to a class',
+        'create_title' => 'Assign subjects to a class',
+        'create_subtitle' => 'Select a class, an academic year and the subjects to teach',
+        'edit_head' => 'Edit assigned subjects',
+        'edit_title' => 'Edit assigned subjects',
+        'edit_subtitle' => 'Update the subjects assigned to this class',
+        'section_base' => 'Basic selection',
+        'label_class' => 'Class',
+        'class_ph' => 'Select a class',
+        'label_year' => 'Academic year',
+        'year_ph' => 'Select an academic year',
+        'section_subjects' => 'Subject and coefficient selection',
+        'search_subjects' => 'Search subjects',
+        'search_subjects_ph' => 'Search by name or code...',
+        'code' => 'Code',
+        'coef_ph' => 'Coef',
+        'group_required' => 'Required',
+        'group_optional' => 'Optional',
+        'no_subjects' => 'No subject found',
+        'selected_count' => ':n subject(s) selected with coefficient',
+        'submit_create' => 'Assign subjects',
+        'creating' => 'Assigning...',
+        'submit_update' => 'Update',
+        'updating' => 'Updating...',
+        'err_class_required' => 'The class is required.',
+        'err_year_required' => 'The academic year is required.',
+        'err_subjects_required' => 'Please select at least one subject.',
+        'err_coef_invalid' => 'Invalid coefficient (must be > 0).',
+        // Show
+        'show_head' => 'Assignment details',
+        'show_title' => 'Assignment details',
+        'show_subtitle' => 'Information about the subject assignment to the class',
+        'show_class' => 'Class',
+        'show_subject' => 'Subject',
+        'show_name' => 'Name',
+        'show_coef' => 'Coefficient',
+        'show_year' => 'Academic year',
+        'show_year_label' => 'Year',
+        'show_start' => 'Start date',
+        'show_end' => 'End date',
+        'show_tracking' => 'Tracking information',
+        'show_created_on' => 'Created on',
+        'show_updated_on' => 'Updated on',
+    ],
+
+    'fee_structures' => [
+        // Index
+        'head' => 'Fee structures',
+        'title' => 'Fee structures',
+        'subtitle' => 'Manage fee amounts by category, class and academic year',
+        'replicate_year' => 'Replicate a year',
+        'new' => 'New structure',
+        'stat_total' => 'Total amount',
+        'stat_average' => 'Average amount',
+        'stat_classes' => 'Classes covered',
+        'stat_categories' => 'Categories covered',
+        'stat_gap' => 'Min/max gap',
+        'stat_gap_detail' => 'Min :min | Max :max',
+        'search_ph' => 'Search by category, class or year...',
+        'filter_year' => 'Academic year',
+        'filter_all_years' => 'All years',
+        'active_suffix' => ' (active)',
+        'filter_category' => 'Category',
+        'filter_all_categories' => 'All categories',
+        'filter_class' => 'Class',
+        'filter_all_classes' => 'All classes',
+        'filter_amount_min' => 'Min amount',
+        'filter_amount_max' => 'Max amount',
+        'search' => 'Search',
+        'reset' => 'Reset',
+        'filtered_count' => ':count filtered structure(s) | Max: :max',
+        'col_year' => 'Academic year',
+        'col_category' => 'Category',
+        'col_class' => 'Class',
+        'col_amount' => 'Amount',
+        'col_actions' => 'Actions',
+        'empty' => 'No fee structure found',
+        'pagination' => 'Showing :from to :to of :total results',
+        // Delete dialog
+        'delete_title' => 'Confirm deletion',
+        'delete_desc' => 'Are you sure you want to delete this fee structure? This action is irreversible.',
+        'cancel' => 'Cancel',
+        'deleting' => 'Deleting...',
+        'delete' => 'Delete',
+        // Replicate dialog
+        'replicate_title' => 'Replicate fee structures',
+        'replicate_desc' => 'Copies all structures (and their installments) from one year to the active year. Category / class combinations already present are ignored.',
+        'replicate_target' => 'Target year (active):',
+        'replicate_source' => 'Source year *',
+        'replicate_source_ph' => 'Choose the year to copy',
+        'replicating' => 'Replicating...',
+        'replicate' => 'Replicate',
+        'replicate_no_active' => 'No active academic year. Activate a year before replicating.',
+        // Create / Edit
+        'create_head' => 'New fee structure',
+        'create_title' => 'New fee structure',
+        'create_subtitle' => 'Create a new fee structure for an academic year, category and class',
+        'edit_head' => 'Edit fee structure',
+        'edit_title' => 'Edit fee structure',
+        'edit_subtitle' => 'Edit the information for this fee structure',
+        'back' => 'Back',
+        'section_academic' => 'Academic context',
+        'active_year' => 'Active academic year',
+        'active_badge' => 'Active',
+        'no_active_year' => 'No active academic year. Activate one first.',
+        'auto_attach' => 'The structure is automatically attached to the active year.',
+        'field_year' => 'Academic year',
+        'field_year_ph' => 'Select an academic year',
+        'field_category' => 'Fee category',
+        'field_category_ph' => 'Select a category',
+        'field_class_section' => 'Class concerned',
+        'field_class' => 'Class',
+        'field_class_ph' => 'Select a class',
+        'field_amount' => 'Amount',
+        'field_amount_currency' => 'Amount (:currency)',
+        'field_amount_ph' => 'Ex: 50000',
+        'saving' => 'Saving...',
+        'save' => 'Save',
+        'updating' => 'Updating...',
+        'update' => 'Update',
+        // Show
+        'show_head' => 'Fee structure details',
+        'manage_installments' => 'Manage installments',
+        'edit' => 'Edit',
+        'show_heading' => 'Fee structure',
+        'show_amount_total' => 'Total amount',
+        'installments_count' => ':count installment(s)',
+        'show_general' => 'General information',
+        'show_year' => 'Academic year',
+        'show_category' => 'Fee category',
+        'show_class' => 'Class concerned',
+        'show_code' => 'Code',
+        'show_amount_section' => 'Amount and installments',
+        'installments' => 'Installments',
+        'manage' => 'Manage',
+        'installment_num' => 'Installment :num',
+        'no_installments' => 'No installment defined',
+        'show_system' => 'System information',
+        'show_created_on' => 'Created on',
+        'show_updated_on' => 'Last modified',
+        'show_uid' => 'Unique identifier',
+        // Installments modal
+        'modal_title' => 'Manage installments',
+        'modal_desc' => 'Add or edit the installments for this fee structure.',
+        'current_structure' => 'Current structure',
+        'current_total' => 'Total amount:',
+        'current_installments' => 'Current installments:',
+        'configured_total' => 'Total of configured installments',
+        'installments_total_label' => 'Total installment amount:',
+        'installment_name' => 'Installment name',
+        'installment_name_ph' => 'Ex: First installment',
+        'installment_number_label' => 'No.',
+        'installment_amount' => 'Amount',
+        'add_installment' => 'Add an installment',
+        'save_installments' => 'Save installments',
+        'total_exceeds' => 'The installment total (:total) exceeds the structure amount (:amount)',
+        'err_valid_installment' => 'Please add at least one valid installment.',
+        'err_total_exceeds' => 'The installment total cannot exceed the fee structure amount.',
+        'err_saving' => 'Error while saving the installments.',
+    ],
+];
diff --git a/lang/en/presences.php b/lang/en/presences.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a857eee1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lang/en/presences.php
@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+<?php
+
+return [
+    'status' => [
+        'present' => 'Present',
+        'absent' => 'Absent',
+        'late' => 'Late',
+        'excused' => 'Excused',
+    ],
+
+    'reason' => [
+        'medical' => 'Medical',
+        'familial' => 'Family',
+        'autre' => 'Other',
+    ],
+
+    'session' => [
+        'journee' => 'Full day',
+        'journee_short' => 'Day',
+        'matin' => 'Morning',
+        'apres_midi' => 'Afternoon',
+    ],
+
+    'attendances' => [
+        'index' => [
+            'head' => 'Attendance entry',
+            'subtitle' => 'Record the daily roll call by class',
+            'stats' => 'Statistics',
+            'class' => 'Class',
+            'period' => 'Period',
+            'date' => 'Date',
+            'session_label' => 'Session',
+            'select' => 'Select',
+            'class_dash' => '— Class —',
+            'period_dash' => '— Period —',
+            'need_filters' => 'Select a class and a period to start the roll call.',
+            'existing' => 'Roll call already recorded for this slot — you can edit it.',
+            'all_present' => 'All present',
+            'all_absent' => 'All absent',
+            'empty' => 'No student enrolled in this class for the active year.',
+            'col_matricule' => 'ID number',
+            'col_student' => 'Student',
+            'col_status' => 'Status',
+            'col_late' => 'Lateness (min)',
+            'col_comment' => 'Comment',
+            'permission' => 'Permission :dates',
+            'comment_ph' => 'Comment...',
+            'notes_ph' => 'General remarks on the roll call...',
+            'saving' => 'Saving...',
+            'saved' => 'Saved!',
+            'save' => 'Save roll call',
+        ],
+
+        'stats' => [
+            'head' => 'Attendance statistics',
+            'subtitle' => 'Absence rate and tracking per student',
+            'back_to_entry' => 'Roll call entry',
+            'class' => 'Class',
+            'period' => 'Period',
+            'select' => 'Select',
+            'all_classes' => '— All —',
+            'all_periods' => 'All periods',
+            'empty' => 'Select a class to display the statistics.',
+            'recorded_calls' => 'Recorded roll calls',
+            'col_date' => 'Date',
+            'per_student' => 'Tracking per student',
+            'students_count' => ':count students',
+            'col_student' => 'Student',
+            'col_present' => 'Present',
+            'col_absent' => 'Absent',
+            'col_late' => 'Late',
+            'col_excused' => 'Excused',
+            'col_absence_rate' => 'Absence rate',
+        ],
+    ],
+
+    'permissions' => [
+        'status' => [
+            'pending' => 'Pending',
+            'approved' => 'Approved',
+            'rejected' => 'Rejected',
+        ],
+
+        'index' => [
+            'head' => 'Permission requests',
+            'subtitle' => 'Manage justified absence requests',
+            'new' => 'New request',
+            'total' => 'Total',
+            'pending' => 'Pending',
+            'approved' => 'Approved',
+            'rejected' => 'Rejected',
+            'search_ph' => "Student name or ID number...",
+            'all_statuses' => 'All statuses',
+            'filter' => 'Filter',
+            'col_student' => 'Student',
+            'col_reason' => 'Reason',
+            'col_period' => 'Period',
+            'col_duration' => 'Duration',
+            'col_requested_by' => 'Requested by',
+            'col_status' => 'Status',
+            'col_actions' => 'Actions',
+            'empty' => 'No permission request.',
+            'day_one' => ':count day',
+            'day_other' => ':count days',
+            'review' => 'Review',
+            'view' => 'View',
+            'total_count' => ':count request(s) in total',
+            'delete_title' => 'Delete this request?',
+            'delete_desc' => 'This action is irreversible.',
+        ],
+
+        'create' => [
+            'head' => 'New permission request',
+            'subtitle' => 'Justified absence request for a student',
+            'student' => 'Student *',
+            'select_student' => 'Select a student',
+            'start_date' => 'Start date *',
+            'end_date' => 'End date *',
+            'reason' => 'Reason *',
+            'description' => 'Description / Justification *',
+            'description_ph' => 'Explain the reason for the absence...',
+            'submitting' => 'Sending...',
+            'submit' => 'Submit request',
+        ],
+
+        'show' => [
+            'head' => 'Permission — :name',
+            'details' => 'Request details',
+            'reason' => 'Reason',
+            'absence_period' => 'Absence period',
+            'day_one' => ':count day',
+            'day_other' => ':count days',
+            'requested_by' => 'Requested by',
+            'reviewed_by' => 'Reviewed by',
+            'reviewed_on' => 'on :date',
+            'description' => 'Description',
+            'review_comment' => 'Review comment',
+            'linked_absences' => 'Linked excused absences',
+            'decision' => 'Decision',
+            'comment_optional' => 'Comment (optional)',
+            'comment_ph' => 'Reason for approval or rejection...',
+            'approve' => 'Approve',
+            'reject' => 'Reject',
+        ],
+    ],
+];
diff --git a/lang/en/promotion.php b/lang/en/promotion.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5b73fe52
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lang/en/promotion.php
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+<?php
+
+return [
+    'title' => 'Class promotion',
+    'subtitle' => 'Bulk re-enroll validated students to the next class and year.',
+    'source_year' => 'Source year',
+    'source_class' => 'Source class',
+    'target_year' => 'Target year',
+    'target_class' => 'Target class',
+    'choose' => 'Choose',
+    'active' => 'active',
+    'select_prompt' => 'Choose a source year and class',
+
+    'stat' => [
+        'students' => 'Students',
+        'valide' => 'Validated',
+        'non_valide' => 'Not validated',
+        'reenrolled' => 'Already re-enrolled',
+    ],
+
+    'selected' => ':count student(s) selected',
+    'choose_target' => 'Choose the target year and class',
+    'reenroll_selection' => 'Re-enroll the selection',
+
+    'col_student' => 'Student',
+    'col_matricule' => 'ID number',
+    'col_status_source' => 'Status (source year)',
+    'col_target' => 'Target',
+    'empty' => 'No student in this class.',
+    'already_reenrolled' => 'Already re-enrolled',
+    'to_reenroll' => 'To re-enroll',
+];
diff --git a/lang/en/rh.php b/lang/en/rh.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..bce3353c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lang/en/rh.php
@@ -0,0 +1,253 @@
+<?php
+
+return [
+    'employee_status' => [
+        'active' => 'Active',
+        'suspended' => 'Suspended',
+        'terminated' => 'Terminated',
+    ],
+
+    'pay_status' => [
+        'draft' => 'Draft',
+        'validated' => 'Validated',
+        'paid' => 'Paid',
+        'cancelled' => 'Cancelled',
+    ],
+
+    'personnel' => [
+        'index' => [
+            'head' => 'Staff',
+            'subtitle' => 'Assign grades and manage your staff payroll.',
+            'add' => 'Add to staff',
+            'ungraded_banner' => ':count employee(s) without a grade — click to filter them.',
+            'search_ph' => 'Name, job, ID number…',
+            'all_statuses' => 'All statuses',
+            'status_active' => 'Active',
+            'status_suspended' => 'Suspended',
+            'status_terminated' => 'Terminated',
+            'all_grades' => 'All grades',
+            'ungraded' => 'Without grade',
+            'search' => 'Search',
+            'reset' => 'Reset',
+            'count' => ':count employee(s)',
+            'per_page' => 'Rows per page:',
+            'empty' => 'No employee',
+            'col_employee' => 'Employee',
+            'col_job' => 'Job',
+            'col_grade' => 'Grade',
+            'col_base' => 'Base salary',
+            'col_status' => 'Status',
+            'choose_grade' => 'Choose a grade',
+            'off_grade_dash' => '— Off grade —',
+            'off_grade' => 'Off grade',
+            'open_sheet' => 'Open the file',
+            'open_sheet_title' => 'Full file (bonuses, payslips…)',
+            'range' => ':from–:to of :total',
+            'modal_title' => 'Add to staff',
+            'user' => 'User *',
+            'search_user_ph' => 'Search for a user…',
+            'no_result' => 'No result',
+            'no_assignable' => 'All users already have a payroll profile.',
+            'job' => 'Job *',
+            'job_ph' => 'E.g. Teacher',
+            'contract' => 'Contract *',
+            'grade' => 'Grade',
+            'base' => 'Base salary',
+            'base_ignored' => '(ignored)',
+            'base_ph' => 'E.g. 120000',
+            'cancel' => 'Cancel',
+            'add_btn' => 'Add',
+        ],
+
+        'overview' => [
+            'head' => 'Staff & Payroll — Overview',
+            'title' => 'Staff & Payroll',
+            'subtitle' => 'Overview of staff and payroll.',
+            'new_run' => 'New payroll run',
+            'kpi_active' => 'Active employees',
+            'kpi_ungraded' => 'To classify (no grade)',
+            'kpi_ungraded_sub_some' => 'Click to display them',
+            'kpi_ungraded_sub_none' => 'Everything is classified',
+            'kpi_grades' => 'Active grades',
+            'kpi_mass' => 'Payroll mass (base/month)',
+            'kpi_mass_sub' => 'Sum of base salaries',
+            'ungraded_banner' => ':count active employee(s) are not attached to any salary grade.',
+            'last_run' => 'Last payroll run',
+            'all_runs' => 'All runs',
+            'no_run' => 'No payroll run generated yet.',
+            'net_mass' => 'Net mass',
+            'shortcut_personnel' => 'Staff',
+            'shortcut_personnel_desc' => 'List & grade assignment',
+            'shortcut_grades' => 'Salary grades',
+            'shortcut_grades_desc' => 'Categories & amounts',
+            'shortcut_runs' => 'Payroll runs',
+            'shortcut_runs_desc' => 'Generate & disburse',
+        ],
+    ],
+
+    'salary_components' => [
+        'head' => 'Payroll items',
+        'subtitle' => 'Reusable earnings and deductions. "Auto" items are applied when generating a run.',
+        'new' => 'New item',
+        'search_ph' => 'Name, code...',
+        'all_types' => 'All types',
+        'earnings' => 'Earnings',
+        'deductions' => 'Deductions',
+        'search' => 'Search',
+        'reset' => 'Reset',
+        'count' => ':count item(s)',
+        'filtered' => '— filtered',
+        'per_page' => 'Rows per page:',
+        'col_component' => 'Item',
+        'col_code' => 'Code',
+        'col_type' => 'Type',
+        'col_default_amount' => 'Default amount',
+        'col_application' => 'Application',
+        'col_status' => 'Status',
+        'col_actions' => 'Actions',
+        'empty' => 'No item',
+        'type_earning' => 'Earning',
+        'type_deduction' => 'Deduction',
+        'auto' => 'Automatic',
+        'manual' => 'Manual',
+        'active' => 'Active',
+        'inactive' => 'Inactive',
+        'edit' => 'Edit',
+        'delete' => 'Delete',
+        'range' => ':from–:to of :total',
+        'modal_edit' => 'Edit the item',
+        'modal_new' => 'New item',
+        'name' => 'Name *',
+        'name_ph' => 'E.g. Transport allowance',
+        'type' => 'Type *',
+        'code' => 'Code',
+        'code_ph' => 'E.g. TRANSPORT',
+        'default_amount' => 'Default amount',
+        'default_amount_ph' => 'Optional',
+        'apply_auto' => 'Apply automatically to every payslip',
+        'active_label' => 'Active',
+        'cancel' => 'Cancel',
+        'saving' => 'Saving...',
+        'save' => 'Save',
+        'add' => 'Add',
+        'delete_title' => 'Delete this item?',
+        'delete_desc' => 'Already generated payslips are not affected (their lines are frozen).',
+    ],
+
+    'salary_grades' => [
+        'index' => [
+            'head' => 'Salary grades',
+            'subtitle' => 'Each category/step carries a base salary; the employee is attached to it from their file.',
+            'settings' => 'Payroll settings',
+            'new' => 'New grade',
+            'seniority_active' => 'Seniority bonus',
+            'seniority_active_state' => 'active',
+            'seniority_active_desc' => '+:rate% of base per year',
+            'seniority_cap' => ', capped at :cap%',
+            'seniority_disabled_state' => 'disabled',
+            'search_ph' => 'Name, category...',
+            'all' => 'All',
+            'actives' => 'Active',
+            'inactives' => 'Inactive',
+            'search' => 'Search',
+            'reset' => 'Reset',
+            'count' => ':count grade(s)',
+            'per_page' => 'Rows per page:',
+            'empty' => 'No salary grade',
+            'create_first' => 'Create the first grade',
+            'col_grade' => 'Grade',
+            'col_category' => 'Category / step',
+            'col_employees' => 'Employees',
+            'col_base' => 'Base salary',
+            'col_status' => 'Status',
+            'cat' => 'Cat. :category',
+            'echelon' => 'step :echelon',
+            'active' => 'Active',
+            'inactive' => 'Inactive',
+            'assign_employees' => 'Assign employees',
+            'edit' => 'Edit',
+            'delete' => 'Delete',
+            'range' => ':from–:to of :total',
+            'delete_title' => 'Delete this grade?',
+            'delete_desc' => 'Not possible if employees are attached. Already generated payslips are not affected.',
+            'cancel' => 'Cancel',
+        ],
+
+        'form' => [
+            'section' => 'Grade definition',
+            'name' => 'Name *',
+            'name_ph' => 'E.g. Teacher — Category B, step 2',
+            'category' => 'Category',
+            'category_ph' => 'E.g. B',
+            'echelon' => 'Step',
+            'echelon_ph' => 'E.g. 2',
+            'base' => 'Base salary (F) *',
+            'base_ph' => 'E.g. 145000',
+            'sort_order' => 'Display order',
+            'active' => 'Active grade',
+            'update' => 'Update',
+            'creating' => 'Creating...',
+            'updating' => 'Updating...',
+            'create' => 'Create the grade',
+            'cancel' => 'Cancel',
+        ],
+
+        'create' => [
+            'head' => 'New salary grade',
+            'title' => 'New salary grade',
+            'subtitle' => 'A category/step with its base salary.',
+        ],
+
+        'edit' => [
+            'head' => 'Edit :name',
+            'title' => 'Edit the grade',
+        ],
+
+        'employees' => [
+            'head' => 'Assign — :name',
+            'title' => 'Assign employees',
+            'subtitle' => 'Grade :name — base salary :base.',
+            'search_ph' => 'Search for an employee…',
+            'selected' => ':count selected',
+            'empty' => 'No active employee',
+            'select_all' => 'Select all',
+            'select_all_filtered' => ' (filtered results)',
+            'no_result' => 'No result.',
+            'current' => 'Current: :name',
+            'on_this_grade' => 'On this grade',
+            'moving' => ':count employee(s) will be moved from another grade.',
+            'detach_note' => 'Unchecked employees who were on this grade will be detached (fallback to their manual salary).',
+            'saving' => 'Saving...',
+            'save' => 'Save assignments',
+            'cancel' => 'Cancel',
+        ],
+    ],
+
+    'payroll_settings' => [
+        'head' => 'Payroll settings',
+        'title' => 'Payroll settings',
+        'subtitle' => 'Seniority, social security (CNSS) and tax (ITS) applied automatically when generating payslips.',
+        'disclaimer' => 'These contributions and taxes are <strong>disabled by default</strong>. The provided rates/scales are indicative — verify them against the current regulations before enabling.',
+        'seniority' => 'Seniority bonus',
+        'seniority_enable' => 'Enable the seniority bonus',
+        'seniority_rate' => 'Rate per year (% of base)',
+        'seniority_cap' => 'Cap (% of base, 0 = none)',
+        'cnss' => 'CNSS (social security)',
+        'cnss_enable' => 'Enable the CNSS deduction',
+        'cnss_employee' => 'Employee share (%)',
+        'cnss_employer' => 'Employer share (%)',
+        'cnss_ceiling' => 'Monthly ceiling (F, 0 = none)',
+        'cnss_note' => 'The employee share is deducted on the payslip; the employer share is recorded as an employer charge (informational, not deducted from net).',
+        'its' => 'ITS — Tax on wages and salaries',
+        'its_enable' => 'Enable ITS (progressive scale)',
+        'its_desc' => 'Scale by brackets on taxable net (gross − employee CNSS). Leave "Up to" empty for the last bracket (beyond).',
+        'its_up_to' => 'Up to (F)',
+        'its_rate' => 'Rate (%)',
+        'its_empty' => 'No bracket. Add some to define the scale.',
+        'its_beyond' => 'beyond',
+        'its_add' => 'Add a bracket',
+        'saving' => 'Saving...',
+        'save' => 'Save the settings',
+        'back' => 'Back',
+    ],
+];
diff --git a/lang/en/roster.php b/lang/en/roster.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5aa1f811
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lang/en/roster.php
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+<?php
+
+return [
+    'title' => 'Headcount / Class lists',
+    'subtitle' => 'Students by year and class, schooling tracking (validation, dropout, transfer).',
+    'export_pdf' => 'Export to PDF',
+    'year' => 'School year',
+    'choose' => 'Choose',
+    'class' => 'Class',
+    'choose_class' => 'Choose a class',
+    'active' => 'active',
+    'status' => 'Status',
+    'all' => 'All',
+    'search' => 'Search',
+    'search_ph' => 'Name or ID...',
+    'select_prompt' => 'Select a year and a class',
+
+    'stat' => [
+        'enrolled' => 'Enrolled',
+        'en_cours' => 'In progress',
+        'valide' => 'Validated',
+        'non_valide' => 'Not validated',
+        'abandon' => 'Dropouts',
+    ],
+
+    'selected' => ':count selected',
+    'validate' => 'Validate',
+    'invalidate' => 'Invalidate',
+
+    'col_student' => 'Student',
+    'col_matricule' => 'ID number',
+    'col_payment' => 'Payment',
+    'col_schooling' => 'Schooling status',
+    'col_action' => 'Action',
+    'empty' => 'No student for this filter.',
+    'status_btn' => 'Status',
+
+    'dialog' => [
+        'title' => 'Schooling status',
+        'status' => 'Status',
+        'reason' => 'Reason',
+        'reason_ph' => 'Reason for dropout / transfer...',
+        'abandon_warning' => 'The student will automatically be removed from attendance lists.',
+    ],
+
+    'pay' => [
+        'PAID' => 'Paid',
+        'PARTIALLY_PAID' => 'Partial',
+        'ISSUED' => 'Unpaid',
+        'NONE' => 'No invoice',
+    ],
+];
diff --git a/lang/en/scholarships.php b/lang/en/scholarships.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..462ecfb8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lang/en/scholarships.php
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+<?php
+
+return [
+    'index' => [
+        'title' => 'Student scholarships',
+        'subtitle' => 'Manage scholarship awards to students',
+        'new' => 'New award',
+        'total' => 'Total awards',
+        'search' => 'Search',
+        'search_ph' => 'Search by student, scholarship...',
+        'scholarship' => 'Scholarship',
+        'all_scholarships' => 'All scholarships',
+        'academic_year' => 'Academic year',
+        'all_years' => 'All years',
+        'clear_filters' => 'Clear filters',
+        'per_page' => 'Items per page',
+        'col_student' => 'Student',
+        'col_scholarship' => 'Scholarship',
+        'col_year' => 'Academic year',
+        'col_date' => 'Award date',
+        'col_actions' => 'Actions',
+        'empty' => 'No scholarship award found',
+        'showing' => 'Showing :from to :to of :total results',
+        'delete_title' => 'Confirm deletion',
+        'delete_confirm' => 'Are you sure you want to delete this scholarship award? This action is irreversible.',
+        'deleting' => 'Deleting...',
+    ],
+
+    'form' => [
+        'create_head' => 'New scholarship award',
+        'create_title' => 'New scholarship award',
+        'create_subtitle' => 'Award a scholarship to a student',
+        'edit_head' => 'Edit scholarship award',
+        'edit_title' => 'Edit scholarship award',
+        'edit_subtitle' => 'Edit the details of the scholarship award',
+        'section_award' => 'Scholarship award',
+        'student' => 'Student *',
+        'student_search_ph' => 'Search and select a student...',
+        'select_student' => 'Select a student',
+        'no_student' => 'No student found',
+        'more_students' => 'And :count more students...',
+        'scholarship' => 'Scholarship *',
+        'select_scholarship' => 'Select a scholarship',
+        'academic_year' => 'Academic year *',
+        'select_year' => 'Select a year',
+        'number_of_year' => 'Number of years',
+        'number_of_year_ph' => 'E.g. 1, 2, 3...',
+        'start_date' => 'Start date',
+        'end_date' => 'End date',
+        'extra_info' => 'Additional information',
+        'notes' => 'Notes (optional)',
+        'notes_ph' => 'Add notes about this award...',
+        'saving' => 'Saving...',
+    ],
+
+    'show' => [
+        'head' => 'Scholarship - :name',
+        'title' => 'Scholarship award',
+        'subtitle' => 'Details of the scholarship award to :name',
+        'student_info' => 'Student information',
+        'full_name' => 'Full name',
+        'matricule' => 'ID number',
+        'gender' => 'Gender',
+        'male' => 'Male',
+        'female' => 'Female',
+        'other' => 'Other',
+        'birth_date' => 'Date of birth',
+        'email' => 'Email',
+        'phone' => 'Phone',
+        'scholarship_info' => 'Scholarship information',
+        'scholarship_name' => 'Scholarship name',
+        'type' => 'Type',
+        'max_value' => 'Maximum value',
+        'description' => 'Description',
+        'notes' => 'Notes',
+        'academic_year' => 'Academic year',
+        'year' => 'Year',
+        'period' => 'Period',
+        'details' => 'Award details',
+        'award_date' => 'Award date',
+        'last_modified' => 'Last modified',
+        'number_of_year' => 'Number of years',
+        'start_date' => 'Start date',
+        'end_date' => 'End date',
+    ],
+];
diff --git a/lang/en/settings.php b/lang/en/settings.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d6efdff3
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lang/en/settings.php
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+<?php
+
+return [
+    'title' => 'Settings',
+    'account' => 'My account',
+    'account_desc' => 'Manage your profile and account settings',
+
+    'profile' => [
+        'title' => 'Profile',
+        'desc' => 'Your personal information',
+        'page' => [
+            'breadcrumb' => 'Account settings',
+            'head' => 'My profile',
+            'heading' => 'My profile',
+            'default_name' => 'My profile',
+            'section_title' => 'Personal information',
+            'section_desc' => 'Manage your profile information',
+            'firstname' => 'First name',
+            'firstname_ph' => 'Your first name',
+            'lastname' => 'Last name',
+            'lastname_ph' => 'Your last name',
+            'matricule' => 'ID number',
+            'matricule_ph' => 'Not assigned',
+            'gender' => 'Gender',
+            'gender_ph' => 'Select',
+            'gender_male' => 'Male',
+            'gender_female' => 'Female',
+            'gender_other' => 'Other',
+            'birth_date' => 'Date of birth',
+            'email' => 'Email address',
+            'email_ph' => 'example@email.com',
+            'telephone' => 'Phone',
+            'telephone_ph' => '+243 XXX XXX XXX',
+            'address' => 'Address',
+            'address_ph' => 'Your full address',
+            'email_unverified' => 'Your email address is not verified.',
+            'email_resend' => 'Click here to resend the verification email.',
+            'email_link_sent' => 'A new verification link has been sent to your email address.',
+            'saving' => 'Saving...',
+            'save' => 'Save',
+            'saved' => '✓ Changes saved',
+        ],
+    ],
+    'password' => [
+        'title' => 'Password',
+        'desc' => 'Change your password',
+        'page' => [
+            'breadcrumb' => 'Password',
+            'head' => 'Password',
+            'heading' => 'Password',
+            'card_desc' => 'Make sure to use a long, secure password.',
+            'current' => 'Current password',
+            'current_ph' => 'Enter your current password',
+            'new_section' => 'New password',
+            'new' => 'New password',
+            'new_ph' => 'Enter a new password',
+            'confirm' => 'Confirm password',
+            'confirm_ph' => 'Confirm the new password',
+            'tip_label' => 'Tip:',
+            'tip' => 'At least 12 characters mixing uppercase, lowercase, numbers and symbols. Avoid passwords already used elsewhere.',
+            'saving' => 'Updating...',
+            'submit' => 'Update password',
+            'saved' => '✓ Password updated',
+        ],
+    ],
+    'appearance' => [
+        'title' => 'Appearance',
+        'desc' => 'Light, dark or system theme',
+    ],
+    'two_factor' => [
+        'title' => 'Two-factor authentication',
+        'desc' => 'Secure your account with a second factor',
+        'page' => [
+            'breadcrumb' => 'Two-factor authentication',
+            'head' => 'Two-factor authentication',
+            'heading' => 'Two-factor authentication',
+            'card_desc' => 'Strengthen your account security with a second factor.',
+            'enabled_badge' => 'Enabled',
+            'enabled_desc' => 'With two-factor authentication enabled, you will be prompted for a secure code during sign-in, which you can retrieve from the TOTP app on your phone.',
+            'disable' => 'Disable 2FA',
+            'disabled_badge' => 'Disabled',
+            'disabled_desc' => 'When you enable two-factor authentication, you will be prompted for a secure code during sign-in. This code can be retrieved from a TOTP app on your phone.',
+            'continue_setup' => 'Continue setup',
+            'enable' => 'Enable 2FA',
+        ],
+    ],
+    'language' => [
+        'title' => 'Language',
+        'desc' => 'Interface language, saved to your profile',
+        'label' => 'Interface language',
+        'updated' => 'Language updated',
+    ],
+];
diff --git a/lang/en/statistiques.php b/lang/en/statistiques.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..4f3be7fc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lang/en/statistiques.php
@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
+<?php
+
+return [
+    'title' => 'Statistics',
+    'subtitle' => 'School indicators — enrollment, finances and success.',
+    'year_ph' => 'Year',
+    'class_ph' => 'Class',
+    'gender_ph' => 'Gender',
+    'all_classes' => 'All classes',
+    'all' => 'All',
+    'boys' => 'Boys',
+    'girls' => 'Girls',
+    'other' => 'Other',
+    'active_suffix' => ' · active',
+    'all_cycles' => 'All',
+    'sort' => 'Sort',
+    'sort_level' => 'By level',
+    'sort_headcount' => 'By headcount',
+    'sort_amount' => 'By amount',
+    'sort_rate' => 'By rate',
+    'years_old' => ':value yrs',
+
+    // Tabs
+    'tab_effectifs' => 'Enrollment & parity',
+    'tab_finances' => 'Finances & recovery',
+    'tab_reussite' => 'Success & exams',
+    'tab_encadrement' => 'Supervision',
+    'tab_assiduite' => 'Attendance',
+    'tab_comparaisons' => 'Comparisons',
+    'tab_geographie' => 'Geography',
+
+    // Enrollment
+    'kpi_total' => 'Total headcount',
+    'kpi_total_sub' => ':boys B · :girls G',
+    'kpi_ips' => 'Parity index (GPI)',
+    'kpi_ips_sub' => ':pct% girls',
+    'kpi_redoublement' => 'Repetition rate',
+    'kpi_promotion_sub' => 'Promotion :pct%',
+    'kpi_abandon' => 'Dropout rate',
+    'kpi_age_sub' => 'Average age :age',
+    'card_by_class' => 'Headcount by class (boys / girls)',
+    'card_by_gender' => 'Breakdown by gender',
+    'card_age_pyramid' => 'Age pyramid (boys / girls)',
+    'overage_label' => 'Over-age rate (≥ +:threshold yrs)',
+    'overage_hint' => 'Set the expected age on classes to enable this calculation.',
+    'card_city' => 'Geographic origin (top cities, by gender)',
+    'not_filled' => 'Not filled in',
+
+    // Finances
+    'kpi_billed' => 'Total billed',
+    'kpi_billed_sub' => ':count invoices',
+    'kpi_collected' => 'Collected',
+    'kpi_recovery' => 'Recovery rate',
+    'kpi_remaining_sub' => ':amount remaining',
+    'kpi_unpaid' => 'Unpaid',
+    'kpi_unpaid_sub' => ':count partial',
+    'card_monthly' => 'Monthly collections',
+    'card_methods' => 'Payment methods',
+    'recovery_by_class' => 'Recovery by class',
+    'card_billed_split' => 'Billed: collected / remaining',
+    'series_collected' => 'Collected',
+    'series_remaining' => 'Remaining',
+    'card_recovery_rate' => 'Recovery rate by class',
+    'rate_label' => 'Rate',
+    'avg_prefix' => 'avg. :rate%',
+    'legend_high' => '≥ 80 %',
+    'legend_mid' => '60–79 %',
+    'legend_low' => '< 60 %',
+    'card_detail' => 'Detail by class',
+    'th_class' => 'Class',
+    'th_billed' => 'Billed',
+    'th_collected' => 'Collected',
+    'th_remaining' => 'Remaining',
+    'th_rate' => 'Rate',
+    'method_cash' => 'Cash',
+    'method_mobile_money' => 'Mobile Money',
+    'method_bank_transfer' => 'Transfer',
+    'method_cheque' => 'Cheque',
+
+    // Success
+    'kpi_bulletins' => 'Validated reports',
+    'kpi_average' => 'Overall average',
+    'kpi_passrate' => 'Internal pass rate (≥10)',
+    'kpi_admission' => 'Official exam admission',
+    'card_mentions' => 'Distinction breakdown',
+    'mention_passable' => 'Pass',
+    'mention_assez_bien' => 'Fairly good',
+    'mention_bien' => 'Good',
+    'mention_tres_bien' => 'Very good',
+    'card_exams' => 'Official exams (CEPD / BEPC / BAC)',
+    'no_exams' => 'No official exam for this year',
+    'th_exam' => 'Exam',
+    'th_registered' => 'Registered',
+    'th_admitted' => 'Admitted',
+    'th_admission' => 'Admission',
+
+    // Supervision
+    'kpi_rem' => 'Student / teacher ratio',
+    'kpi_rem_sub' => ':count teachers',
+    'kpi_students' => 'Total headcount',
+    'kpi_avg_class' => 'Average class size',
+    'kpi_avg_class_sub' => ':count classes',
+    'kpi_overcrowded' => 'Overcrowded classes',
+    'kpi_overcrowded_sub' => '> :threshold students',
+    'card_class_sizes' => 'Headcount by class (red = overcrowded)',
+    'series_students' => 'Students',
+    'card_overcrowded' => 'Overcrowded classes to watch',
+    'students_count' => ':count students',
+
+    // Attendance
+    'no_attendance' => 'No attendance data for this period.',
+    'kpi_presence' => 'Attendance rate',
+    'kpi_presence_sub' => ':count present',
+    'kpi_absence' => 'Absence rate',
+    'kpi_absence_sub' => ':count absences',
+    'kpi_late' => 'Lateness rate',
+    'kpi_late_sub' => ':count late',
+    'kpi_chronic' => 'Chronic absenteeism',
+    'kpi_chronic_sub' => '> :threshold absences',
+    'card_by_period' => 'Attendance by term',
+    'series_present' => 'Present',
+    'series_absent' => 'Absent',
+    'series_late' => 'Late',
+    'card_absence_by_class' => 'Absence rate by class',
+
+    // Comparisons
+    'need_two_years' => 'Trends become meaningful with at least two academic years filled in.',
+    'kpi_effectif' => 'Headcount',
+    'kpi_reussite' => 'Success',
+    'kpi_recouvrement' => 'Recovery',
+    'kpi_abandon_short' => 'Dropout',
+    'card_effectif_evol' => 'Headcount trend',
+    'series_effectif' => 'Headcount',
+    'card_performance' => 'Performance (%)',
+    'series_reussite' => 'Success',
+    'series_recouvrement' => 'Recovery',
+    'card_deperdition' => 'School wastage (%)',
+    'series_redoublement' => 'Repetition',
+    'series_abandon' => 'Dropout',
+    'deperdition_hint' => 'The current year is not plotted: end-of-year decisions (repetition, dropout) are not yet finalized.',
+    'card_comparison' => 'Comparison table',
+    'th_year' => 'Year',
+    'th_effectif' => 'Headcount',
+    'th_girls_pct' => '% girls',
+    'th_redoubl' => 'Repet.',
+    'th_abandon' => 'Dropout',
+    'th_recouvr' => 'Recov.',
+    'th_reussite' => 'Success',
+    'in_progress' => 'in progress',
+
+    // Geography
+    'coverage_note_1' => 'Origin filled in for',
+    'coverage_note_2' => 'of students',
+    'coverage_note_3' => 'Complete the region/prefecture on the student record to refine.',
+    'no_geo' => 'No geographic origin filled in.',
+    'kpi_coverage' => 'Coverage',
+    'kpi_coverage_sub' => ':localized / :total students',
+    'kpi_grand_lome' => 'Greater Lomé',
+    'kpi_grand_lome_sub' => 'Golfe + Agoè-Nyivé',
+    'kpi_regions' => 'Regions',
+    'kpi_regions_sub' => 'represented',
+    'kpi_prefectures' => 'Prefectures',
+    'kpi_prefectures_sub' => 'of origin',
+    'card_origin' => 'Student origin — regions and prefectures',
+    'students_tooltip' => ':value students',
+    'headcount_label' => 'Headcount',
+    'shade_note' => '· shade = prefecture headcount',
+    'card_by_region' => 'Headcount by region',
+];
diff --git a/lang/en/students.php b/lang/en/students.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..beb2dc7a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lang/en/students.php
@@ -0,0 +1,368 @@
+<?php
+
+return [
+    'title' => 'Students',
+    'subtitle' => "Manage your school's student profiles",
+    'import' => 'Import',
+    'new' => 'New student',
+
+    'gender' => [
+        'male' => 'Male',
+        'female' => 'Female',
+        'unknown' => 'Not specified',
+    ],
+
+    'stats' => [
+        'total' => 'Total students',
+        'active' => 'Active students',
+        'male' => 'Male students',
+        'female' => 'Female students',
+    ],
+
+    'bulk' => [
+        'selected' => ':count student(s) selected',
+        'choose' => 'Choose an action',
+        'activate' => 'Activate',
+        'deactivate' => 'Deactivate',
+        'apply' => 'Apply',
+    ],
+
+    'search' => [
+        'placeholder' => 'Search (name, ID, email)...',
+        'nationality' => 'Nationality',
+        'filters' => 'Filters',
+        'reset_count' => 'Reset (:count)',
+    ],
+
+    'filter' => [
+        'all_classes' => 'All classes',
+        'all_years' => 'All years',
+        'schooling_all' => 'Schooling (all)',
+        'gender' => 'Gender',
+        'status' => 'Status',
+        'region' => 'Region',
+        'prefecture' => 'Prefecture',
+        'active' => 'Active',
+        'inactive' => 'Inactive',
+    ],
+
+    'sort' => [
+        'label' => 'Sort:',
+        'created_at' => 'Date added',
+        'lastname' => 'Last name',
+        'firstname' => 'First name',
+        'matricule' => 'ID number',
+        'birth_date' => 'Date of birth',
+        'asc' => 'Ascending',
+        'desc' => 'Descending',
+    ],
+
+    'table' => [
+        'count' => ':count student(s)',
+        'unit' => 'student(s)',
+        'per_page' => 'Rows per page:',
+        'student' => 'Student',
+        'matricule' => 'ID number',
+        'gender' => 'Gender',
+        'nationality' => 'Nationality',
+        'contact' => 'Contact',
+        'status' => 'Status',
+        'actions' => 'Actions',
+        'empty' => 'No student found',
+        'select_all' => 'Select all students',
+        'select_one' => 'Select :name',
+        'view' => 'View profile',
+        'history' => 'History',
+        'range' => ':from–:to of :total students',
+    ],
+
+    'delete' => [
+        'title' => 'Delete student',
+        'confirm' => 'Are you sure you want to delete this student? This action is irreversible.',
+        'deleting' => 'Deleting...',
+    ],
+
+    'admission' => [
+        'new' => 'New enrollment',
+        'transfer' => 'Transfer',
+        're_admission' => 'Re-admission',
+    ],
+
+    'stats_page' => [
+        'title' => 'Student statistics',
+        'subtitle' => 'Demographic overview and enrolment figures for the selected year.',
+        'year' => 'Year',
+        'enrolled' => 'Enrolled :year',
+        'classes' => ':count classes',
+        'active' => 'Active',
+        'inactive' => ':count inactive',
+        'avg_age' => 'Average age',
+        'years' => ':n yrs',
+        'cohort' => 'of the cohort',
+        'over_age' => 'Over-age',
+        'over_age_sub' => ':count students behind',
+        'boys' => 'Boys',
+        'girls' => 'Girls',
+        'no_data' => 'No data',
+        'gender_dist' => 'Distribution by sex',
+        'girls_sub' => 'girls',
+        'ips' => 'GPI',
+        'age_dist' => 'Distribution by age group',
+        'headcount' => 'Headcount',
+        'students_count' => ':v students',
+        'by_class' => 'Headcount by class',
+        'all' => 'All',
+        'sort' => 'Sort',
+        'by_level' => 'By level',
+        'by_headcount' => 'By headcount',
+        'no_class_filter' => 'No class for this filter',
+        'total' => 'Total',
+        'seats' => 'seats',
+    ],
+
+    'import_page' => [
+        'title' => 'Import students',
+        'subtitle' => 'Bulk import from a CSV file (ideal at the start of the year).',
+        'step1' => 'Download the template',
+        'tmpl_intro' => 'Use the CSV template. Columns:',
+        'tmpl_required_prefix' => 'The columns',
+        'tmpl_required_cols' => 'first name, last name, sex (M/F), date of birth (YYYY-MM-DD)',
+        'tmpl_required_suffix' => 'are required. The ID number is generated if left empty.',
+        'download_template' => 'Download the CSV template',
+        'step2' => 'Import the file',
+        'importing' => 'Importing…',
+        'choose_file' => 'Click to choose a CSV file',
+        'rows_read' => 'Rows read',
+        'imported' => 'Imported',
+        'rows_error' => 'Rows with errors',
+        'success' => ':count student(s) imported successfully.',
+        'view_list' => 'View list',
+        'not_imported' => 'Rows not imported — fix then re-import',
+        'no_name' => '(no name)',
+    ],
+
+    'history' => [
+        'title' => 'Enrollment history',
+        'view_profile' => 'View student profile',
+        'journey' => 'Academic journey',
+        'count' => ':count enrollment(s)',
+        'total' => 'Total enrollments',
+        'first_class' => 'First class',
+        'current_class' => 'Current class',
+        'by_class_year' => 'Journey by class and school year',
+        'col_class' => 'Class',
+        'col_year' => 'School year',
+        'col_date' => 'Enrollment date',
+        'col_code' => 'Enrollment code',
+        'col_payment' => 'Payment',
+        'col_schooling' => 'Schooling',
+        'empty' => 'No enrollment found for this student.',
+        'pay' => [
+            'PAID' => 'Paid',
+            'PARTIALLY_PAID' => 'Partial',
+            'ISSUED' => 'Unpaid',
+            'NONE' => 'No invoice',
+        ],
+    ],
+
+    'field' => [
+        'full_name' => 'Full name',
+        'matricule' => 'ID number',
+        'gender' => 'Gender',
+        'status' => 'Status',
+        'birth_date' => 'Date of birth',
+        'place_of_birth' => 'Place of birth',
+        'user_account' => 'User account',
+        'account_email' => 'Account email',
+        'phone' => 'Phone',
+        'student_email' => 'Student email',
+        'city' => 'City',
+        'nationality' => 'Nationality',
+        'address' => 'Address',
+        'admission_type' => 'Admission type',
+        'birth_cert_number' => 'Birth certificate no.',
+        'issue_date' => 'Issue date',
+        'issue_place' => 'Issue place',
+        'father' => 'Father',
+        'mother' => 'Mother',
+        'father_phone' => "Father's phone",
+        'mother_phone' => "Mother's phone",
+        'parent_email' => 'Parent email',
+        'blood_group' => 'Blood group',
+        'emergency_contact' => 'Emergency contact',
+        'emergency_phone' => 'Emergency phone',
+        'allergies' => 'Allergies',
+    ],
+
+    'show' => [
+        'title' => 'Student details',
+        'subtitle' => "View all the student's information",
+        'deliver_document' => 'Issue a document',
+        'change_photo' => 'Change photo',
+        'change' => 'Change',
+        'add_photo' => 'Add a photo',
+        'photo_hint' => 'JPG, PNG or WebP — max 2 MB',
+        'current_schooling' => 'Current schooling (:year)',
+        'change_class' => 'Change class',
+        'identity' => 'Identity',
+        'status' => 'Status',
+        'student_active' => 'Active student',
+        'student_inactive' => 'Inactive student',
+        'account' => 'Account: :name',
+        'medical_emergency' => 'Medical emergency',
+        'no_emergency' => 'No emergency contact provided',
+        'phone_missing' => 'Phone not provided',
+        'contact_fallback' => 'Contact',
+        'portal' => 'Student portal',
+        'portal_on' => 'Access enabled',
+        'portal_off' => 'Access not enabled',
+        'portal_login' => 'login with the ID number',
+        'portal_password' => 'Password (min 8)',
+        'portal_reset' => 'Reset',
+        'portal_activate' => 'Activate',
+        'portal_deactivate' => 'Deactivate',
+        'contact_account' => 'Contact & account',
+        'admin_file' => 'Administrative file',
+        'parents_medical' => 'Parents & medical',
+        'emergency_available' => 'Emergency contact available',
+        'docs_title' => 'File documents',
+        'doc_name_label' => 'Document name *',
+        'doc_name_ph' => 'E.g. Birth certificate, Passport...',
+        'doc_file_label' => 'File *',
+        'adding' => 'Adding...',
+        'docs_hint' => "Stored in the student's private file. PDF, image or Word — max 5 MB.",
+        'docs_empty' => 'No document in the file.',
+        'issued_docs' => 'Issued documents',
+        'issued_empty' => 'No document issued for this student.',
+        'issued_by' => 'by :name',
+        'created_at' => 'Created on :date',
+        'updated_at' => 'Updated on :date',
+    ],
+
+    'dialog' => [
+        'deliver_desc' => 'Generate a certificate or attestation for :name.',
+        'doc_type' => 'Document type *',
+        'choose_template' => 'Choose a template',
+        'class' => 'Class',
+        'class_ph' => 'E.g. 9th A',
+        'school_year' => 'School year',
+        'generate_pdf' => 'Generate PDF',
+        'change_class_desc' => 'Reassign :name for the :year year.',
+        'new_class' => 'New class',
+        'choose_class' => 'Choose a class',
+        'reassign_hint' => 'Fees already invoiced are not recalculated automatically.',
+        'reassign' => 'Reassign',
+    ],
+
+    'form' => [
+        'create_title' => 'Add a student',
+        'create_subtitle' => 'Follow the steps to add a new student.',
+        'edit_title' => 'Edit a student',
+        'edit_subtitle' => 'Update the information through the same step-by-step form.',
+        'edit_head' => 'Edit student',
+        'adding' => 'Adding...',
+        'saving' => 'Saving...',
+        'step' => 'Step :n',
+        'select' => 'Select',
+        'photo_selected' => 'Selected: :name',
+        'photo_hint' => 'Image (JPG, PNG…), 4 MB max.',
+        'photo_hint_keep' => ' Leave empty to keep the current photo.',
+        'summary_hint' => 'Review the information before adding the student.',
+        'photo_kept' => 'Current photo kept',
+        'photo_none' => 'None',
+
+        'steps' => [
+            'student' => 'Student information',
+            'admin' => 'Administrative file',
+            'parents' => 'Parents',
+            'health' => 'Health',
+            'summary' => 'Summary',
+        ],
+
+        'sec' => [
+            'identity' => 'Student identity',
+            'birth' => 'Birth',
+            'contact' => 'Contact details',
+            'photo_status' => 'Photo and status',
+            'admission' => 'Admission type',
+            'birth_cert' => 'Birth certificate',
+            'father' => "Father's information",
+            'mother' => "Mother's information",
+            'parents_contact' => 'Parents contact',
+            'medical' => 'Medical information',
+            'emergency' => 'Emergency contact',
+            'allergies' => 'Allergies and sensitivities',
+            'summary' => 'Summary',
+        ],
+
+        'lbl' => [
+            'matricule' => 'ID number',
+            'gender' => 'Gender *',
+            'firstname' => 'First name *',
+            'lastname' => 'Last name *',
+            'birth_date' => 'Date of birth *',
+            'place_of_birth' => 'Place of birth',
+            'nationality' => 'Nationality',
+            'phone' => 'Phone',
+            'email' => 'Email',
+            'city' => 'City',
+            'region' => 'Region',
+            'prefecture' => 'Prefecture',
+            'address' => 'Address',
+            'profile_photo' => 'Profile photo',
+            'active' => 'Active student',
+            'admission_type' => 'Admission type *',
+            'birth_cert_number' => 'Birth certificate no.',
+            'issue_date' => 'Issue date',
+            'issue_place' => 'Issue place',
+            'father_firstname' => "Father's first name *",
+            'father_lastname' => "Father's last name *",
+            'father_profession' => "Father's occupation",
+            'father_phone' => "Father's phone",
+            'mother_firstname' => "Mother's first name *",
+            'mother_lastname' => "Mother's last name *",
+            'mother_profession' => "Mother's occupation",
+            'mother_phone' => "Mother's phone",
+            'parent_email' => 'Parent/guardian email',
+            'blood_group' => 'Blood group',
+            'vaccinations' => 'Vaccinations',
+            'emergency_contact' => 'Emergency contact',
+            'emergency_phone' => 'Emergency phone',
+            'allergies' => 'Allergies',
+        ],
+
+        'recap' => [
+            'identity' => 'Identity',
+            'birth' => 'Birth',
+            'origin_contact' => 'Origin & contact',
+            'admin' => 'Administrative file',
+            'parents' => 'Parents',
+            'health' => 'Health',
+            'photo_status' => 'Photo & status',
+            'matricule' => 'ID number',
+            'lastname' => 'Last name',
+            'firstname' => 'First name',
+            'gender' => 'Gender',
+            'date' => 'Date',
+            'place' => 'Place',
+            'region' => 'Region',
+            'prefecture' => 'Prefecture',
+            'city' => 'City',
+            'address' => 'Address',
+            'nationality' => 'Nationality',
+            'phone' => 'Phone',
+            'email' => 'Email',
+            'admission_type' => 'Admission type',
+            'birth_cert' => 'Birth certificate no.',
+            'father' => 'Father',
+            'father_phone' => 'Father phone',
+            'mother' => 'Mother',
+            'mother_phone' => 'Mother phone',
+            'blood_group' => 'Blood group',
+            'emergency' => 'Emergency contact',
+            'emergency_phone' => 'Emergency phone',
+            'photo' => 'Photo',
+            'status' => 'Status',
+        ],
+    ],
+];
diff --git a/lang/en/timetable.php b/lang/en/timetable.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7b7a64c9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lang/en/timetable.php
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+<?php
+
+return [
+    'head' => 'Timetable',
+    'title' => 'Timetable',
+    'subtitle' => 'Organize class slots per class for the active year.',
+    'teacher_view' => 'Teacher view',
+    'choose_class' => 'Choose a class',
+    'export_pdf' => 'Export to PDF',
+    'select_class_prompt' => 'Select a class to display its timetable.',
+    'add_slot' => 'Add a slot',
+    'subject_fallback' => 'Subject',
+    'edit_slot' => 'Edit slot',
+    'new_slot' => 'New slot',
+    'day' => 'Day',
+    'start' => 'Start',
+    'end' => 'End',
+    'subject' => 'Subject',
+    'choose' => 'Choose',
+    'teacher' => 'Teacher',
+    'room' => 'Room',
+    'room_ph' => 'e.g. Room 12',
+    'cancel' => 'Cancel',
+    'update' => 'Update',
+    'add' => 'Add',
+
+    'head_teacher' => 'Timetable — by teacher',
+    'subtitle_teacher' => 'A teacher\'s schedule for the active year, across all classes.',
+    'choose_teacher' => 'Choose a teacher',
+    'select_teacher_prompt' => 'Select a teacher to display their timetable.',
+    'no_slots_teacher' => 'No slots for this teacher in the active year.',
+    'slot_one' => 'slot',
+    'slot_other' => 'slots',
+    'class_one' => 'class',
+    'class_other' => 'classes',
+];
diff --git a/lang/en/welcome.php b/lang/en/welcome.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..221e8259
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lang/en/welcome.php
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+<?php
+
+return [
+    'head' => 'Dalibi — School management',
+    'dashboard' => 'Dashboard',
+    'logout' => 'Log out',
+    'login' => 'Sign in',
+    'hello' => 'Hello',
+    'welcome_to' => 'Welcome to',
+    'subtitle_authed' => 'Choose a module to get started.',
+    'subtitle_guest' => 'Sign in to access your school\'s modules.',
+    'no_modules' => 'No module accessible with your profile.',
+    'open' => 'Open',
+    'footer' => 'Dalibi — Open source school management software for Africa.',
+
+    'modules' => [
+        'students' => ['title' => 'Students', 'desc' => 'Enrollments, records and headcounts'],
+        'bulletins' => ['title' => 'Grades & Reports', 'desc' => 'Grade entry and report cards'],
+        'exams' => ['title' => 'Exams', 'desc' => 'Assessments and official exams'],
+        'attendances' => ['title' => 'Attendance', 'desc' => 'Roll call and attendance tracking'],
+        'accounting' => ['title' => 'Accounting', 'desc' => 'Tuition, payments and cash'],
+        'payroll' => ['title' => 'Staff & Payroll', 'desc' => 'Employees, pay runs and payslips'],
+        'archives' => ['title' => 'Documents & Archives', 'desc' => 'Certificates and archiving'],
+        'statistics' => ['title' => 'Statistics', 'desc' => 'Indicators and steering'],
+        'calendar' => ['title' => 'Calendar', 'desc' => 'School year events'],
+        'timetable' => ['title' => 'Timetable', 'desc' => 'Weekly grid per class'],
+        'scholarships' => ['title' => 'Scholarships', 'desc' => 'Student scholarships and aid'],
+        'note_reclamations' => ['title' => 'Grade appeals', 'desc' => 'Grade requests and reviews'],
+        'absence_permissions' => ['title' => 'Absence permissions', 'desc' => 'Requests and supporting documents'],
+        'portal' => ['title' => 'Portal access', 'desc' => 'Parent and student accounts'],
+        'users' => ['title' => 'Users', 'desc' => 'Staff accounts and roles'],
+        'audit' => ['title' => 'Audit log', 'desc' => 'Action traceability'],
+    ],
+];
diff --git a/lang/fr/administration.php b/lang/fr/administration.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c76a0cc0
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lang/fr/administration.php
@@ -0,0 +1,570 @@
+<?php
+
+return [
+    'audit_logs' => [
+        'head' => "Journal d'audit",
+        'subtitle' => 'Historique des créations, modifications et suppressions sur les données sensibles.',
+        'search_ph' => "Rechercher (libellé de l'entité)…",
+        'action' => 'Action',
+        'all_actions' => 'Toutes les actions',
+        'entity' => 'Entité',
+        'all_entities' => 'Toutes les entités',
+        'event_created' => 'Création',
+        'event_updated' => 'Modification',
+        'event_deleted' => 'Suppression',
+        'event_restored' => 'Restauration',
+        'col_date' => 'Date',
+        'col_author' => 'Auteur',
+        'col_action' => 'Action',
+        'col_entity' => 'Entité',
+        'col_changes' => 'Modifications',
+        'empty' => 'Aucune entrée.',
+        'system' => 'Système',
+        'more_fields' => '+:count champ(s)…',
+        'range' => 'Affichage :from à :to sur :total',
+    ],
+
+    'guardians' => [
+        'index' => [
+            'head' => 'Accès portail',
+            'subtitle' => 'Comptes tuteurs et liaison aux élèves pour le portail parents.',
+            'new' => 'Nouveau tuteur',
+            'search_ph' => 'Rechercher un tuteur (nom, e-mail, téléphone) ou un enfant (matricule, nom)…',
+            'clear_search' => 'Effacer la recherche',
+            'col_guardian' => 'Tuteur',
+            'col_email' => 'E-mail',
+            'col_children' => 'Enfants',
+            'col_status' => 'Statut',
+            'col_actions' => 'Actions',
+            'empty' => 'Aucun compte tuteur.',
+            'activated' => 'Activé',
+            'pending' => 'En attente',
+            'resend_invite' => "Renvoyer l'invitation",
+            'edit' => 'Modifier',
+            'delete' => 'Supprimer',
+            'range' => 'Affichage :from à :to sur :total',
+            'delete_title' => 'Supprimer ce compte tuteur ?',
+            'delete_desc' => "L'accès au portail sera révoqué. Les élèves ne sont pas affectés.",
+            'cancel' => 'Annuler',
+        ],
+        'create' => [
+            'head' => 'Nouveau tuteur',
+            'title' => 'Nouveau tuteur',
+            'subtitle' => 'Créez le compte et liez-le à un ou plusieurs élèves (par matricule).',
+        ],
+        'edit' => [
+            'head' => 'Modifier le tuteur',
+            'title' => 'Modifier le tuteur',
+        ],
+        'form' => [
+            'first_name' => 'Prénom *',
+            'last_name' => 'Nom *',
+            'email' => 'E-mail *',
+            'phone' => 'Téléphone',
+            'linked_students' => 'Élèves liés',
+            'search_student_ph' => 'Rechercher un élève par nom ou matricule…',
+            'searching' => 'Recherche…',
+            'no_student' => 'Aucun élève trouvé.',
+            'remove_student' => 'Retirer :name',
+            'none_linked' => "Aucun élève lié pour l'instant.",
+            'matricule_not_found' => 'Un matricule est introuvable.',
+            'send_invitation' => "Envoyer l'invitation par e-mail",
+            'save' => 'Enregistrer',
+            'create' => 'Créer le tuteur',
+            'cancel' => 'Annuler',
+        ],
+    ],
+
+    'permissions' => [
+        'index' => [
+            'head' => 'Permissions',
+            'subtitle' => "Gérez les permissions de l'application",
+            'new' => 'Nouvelle permission',
+            'stat_total' => 'Permissions totales',
+            'stat_avg_per_role' => 'Moyenne par rôle',
+            'stat_page' => 'Page',
+            'search_ph' => 'Rechercher une permission par nom ou description...',
+            'search' => 'Rechercher',
+            'results_for' => 'Résultats pour :',
+            'col_name' => 'Nom',
+            'col_description' => 'Description',
+            'col_roles' => 'Rôles associés',
+            'col_actions' => 'Actions',
+            'empty' => 'Aucune permission trouvée',
+            'view' => 'Voir',
+            'edit' => 'Modifier',
+            'delete' => 'Supprimer',
+            'range' => 'Affichage :from à :to sur :total permissions',
+            'previous' => 'Précédent',
+            'next' => 'Suivant',
+            'page_of' => 'Page :current sur :last',
+            'delete_title' => 'Supprimer la permission',
+            'delete_desc' => 'Êtes-vous sûr de vouloir supprimer cette permission ? Cette action est irréversible.',
+            'cancel' => 'Annuler',
+            'deleting' => 'Suppression...',
+        ],
+        'create' => [
+            'head' => 'Créer une permission',
+            'title' => 'Créer une nouvelle permission',
+            'name' => 'Nom de la permission *',
+            'name_ph' => 'Ex: view_students',
+            'name_hint' => 'Utilisez des caractères minuscules et des underscores',
+            'description' => 'Description',
+            'description_ph' => 'Décrivez la permission...',
+            'creating' => 'Création...',
+            'create' => 'Créer',
+            'cancel' => 'Annuler',
+        ],
+        'edit' => [
+            'head' => 'Éditer :name',
+            'title' => 'Éditer la permission',
+            'name' => 'Nom de la permission *',
+            'name_ph' => 'Ex: view_students',
+            'name_hint' => 'Utilisez des caractères minuscules et des underscores',
+            'description' => 'Description',
+            'description_ph' => 'Décrivez la permission...',
+            'updating' => 'Mise à jour...',
+            'update' => 'Mettre à jour',
+            'cancel' => 'Annuler',
+        ],
+        'show' => [
+            'edit' => 'Éditer',
+            'info' => 'Informations',
+            'name' => 'Nom',
+            'description' => 'Description',
+            'assigned_roles' => 'Rôles attribués',
+            'events' => 'Événements',
+            'created_on' => 'Créée le',
+            'updated_on' => 'Modifiée le',
+            'stats' => 'Statistiques',
+            'associated_roles' => 'Rôles associés',
+            'no_role' => "Aucun rôle n'utilise cette permission.",
+        ],
+    ],
+
+    'roles' => [
+        'index' => [
+            'head' => 'Rôles',
+            'title' => 'Rôles et Permissions',
+            'subtitle' => 'Gérez les rôles et leurs permissions',
+            'new' => 'Nouveau rôle',
+            'stat_total' => 'Rôles totaux',
+            'stat_avg_permissions' => 'Moyenne de permissions',
+            'stat_page' => 'Page',
+            'search_ph' => 'Rechercher un rôle par nom ou description...',
+            'search' => 'Rechercher',
+            'results_for' => 'Résultats pour :',
+            'col_name' => 'Nom',
+            'col_description' => 'Description',
+            'col_permissions' => 'Permissions',
+            'col_actions' => 'Actions',
+            'empty' => 'Aucun rôle trouvé',
+            'view' => 'Voir',
+            'edit' => 'Modifier',
+            'delete' => 'Supprimer',
+            'range' => 'Affichage :from à :to sur :total rôles',
+            'previous' => 'Précédent',
+            'next' => 'Suivant',
+            'page_of' => 'Page :current sur :last',
+            'delete_title' => 'Supprimer le rôle',
+            'delete_desc' => 'Êtes-vous sûr de vouloir supprimer ce rôle ? Cette action est irréversible.',
+            'cancel' => 'Annuler',
+            'deleting' => 'Suppression...',
+        ],
+        'create' => [
+            'head' => 'Créer un rôle',
+            'title' => 'Créer un nouveau rôle',
+            'name' => 'Nom du rôle *',
+            'name_ph' => 'Ex: Administrateur',
+            'description' => 'Description',
+            'description_ph' => 'Décrivez le rôle...',
+            'creating' => 'Création...',
+            'create' => 'Créer',
+            'cancel' => 'Annuler',
+            'permissions' => 'Permissions (:count)',
+        ],
+        'edit' => [
+            'head' => 'Éditer :name',
+            'title' => 'Éditer le rôle',
+            'name' => 'Nom du rôle *',
+            'name_ph' => 'Ex: Administrateur',
+            'description' => 'Description',
+            'description_ph' => 'Décrivez le rôle...',
+            'updating' => 'Mise à jour...',
+            'update' => 'Mettre à jour',
+            'cancel' => 'Annuler',
+            'permissions' => 'Permissions (:count)',
+        ],
+        'show' => [
+            'edit' => 'Éditer',
+            'info' => 'Informations',
+            'name' => 'Nom',
+            'description' => 'Description',
+            'assigned_permissions' => 'Permissions attribuées',
+            'events' => 'Événements',
+            'created_on' => 'Créé le',
+            'updated_on' => 'Modifié le',
+            'stats' => 'Statistiques',
+            'role_permissions' => 'Permissions du rôle',
+            'no_permission' => 'Aucune permission attribuée à ce rôle.',
+        ],
+    ],
+
+    'subject_assignments' => [
+        'active' => 'Active',
+        'inactive' => 'Inactive',
+        'index' => [
+            'head' => 'Affectations de matières',
+            'title' => 'Affectations de matières',
+            'subtitle' => 'Gérez les affectations des enseignants aux matières et classes',
+            'statistics' => 'Statistiques des affectations',
+            'new' => 'Nouvelle affectation',
+            'stat_total' => 'Affectations totales',
+            'stat_active' => 'Affectations actives',
+            'stat_page' => 'Page',
+            'all_years' => 'Toutes les années',
+            'all_classes' => 'Toutes les classes',
+            'filter_year' => 'Filtrer par année',
+            'filter_class' => 'Filtrer par classe',
+            'search_ph' => 'Rechercher par matière, enseignant ou classe...',
+            'col_subject' => 'Matière',
+            'col_teacher' => 'Enseignant',
+            'col_class' => 'Classe',
+            'col_year' => 'Année',
+            'col_status' => 'Statut',
+            'col_actions' => 'Actions',
+            'empty' => 'Aucune affectation trouvée',
+            'view' => 'Voir',
+            'edit' => 'Modifier',
+            'delete' => 'Supprimer',
+            'range' => 'Affichage de :from à :to sur :total résultats',
+            'previous' => 'Précédent',
+            'next' => 'Suivant',
+            'delete_title' => 'Confirmer la suppression',
+            'delete_desc' => 'Êtes-vous sûr de vouloir supprimer cette affectation ? Cette action est irréversible.',
+            'cancel' => 'Annuler',
+            'deleting' => 'Suppression...',
+        ],
+        'form' => [
+            'subject' => 'Matière',
+            'subject_required' => 'Matière',
+            'select_subject' => 'Sélectionner une matière',
+            'teacher' => 'Enseignant',
+            'search_teacher_ph' => 'Rechercher un enseignant...',
+            'no_user' => 'Aucun utilisateur trouvé.',
+            'class' => 'Classe',
+            'select_class' => 'Sélectionner une classe',
+            'year' => 'Année académique',
+            'select_year' => 'Sélectionner une année',
+            'extra_info' => 'Informations complémentaires',
+            'notes' => 'Notes / commentaires',
+            'notes_ph' => 'Notes ou commentaires...',
+            'active' => 'Affectation active',
+            'cancel' => 'Annuler',
+        ],
+        'create' => [
+            'head' => 'Créer une affectation',
+            'title' => 'Créer une nouvelle affectation',
+            'subtitle' => 'Associez une matière, un enseignant, une classe et une année académique.',
+            'creating' => 'Création...',
+            'submit' => "Créer l'affectation",
+        ],
+        'edit' => [
+            'head' => 'Modifier affectation - :subject',
+            'title' => "Modifier l'affectation",
+            'saving' => 'Enregistrement...',
+            'submit' => 'Enregistrer les modifications',
+        ],
+        'show' => [
+            'head' => 'Affectation - :subject',
+            'title' => "Détails de l'affectation",
+            'edit' => 'Modifier',
+            'info' => "Informations de l'affectation",
+            'subject' => 'Matière',
+            'teacher' => 'Enseignant',
+            'class' => 'Classe',
+            'class_type' => 'Type de classe',
+            'year' => 'Année académique',
+            'status' => 'Statut',
+            'notes' => 'Notes',
+            'system_info' => 'Informations système',
+            'created_at' => 'Date de création',
+            'updated_at' => 'Dernière modification',
+            'id' => 'Identifiant',
+            'about' => 'À propos',
+            'about_desc' => 'Les affectations permettent de lier un enseignant à une matière spécifique pour une classe et une année académique données.',
+        ],
+        'statistics' => [
+            'head' => 'Statistiques des affectations',
+            'title' => 'Statistiques des affectations',
+            'subtitle' => "Affectations d'un enseignant pour une année académique",
+            'export' => 'Exporter (PDF)',
+            'year' => 'Année académique',
+            'teacher' => 'Enseignant',
+            'select_teacher' => '— Sélectionner un enseignant —',
+            'select_prompt' => 'Sélectionnez un enseignant pour voir ses affectations.',
+            'kpi_assignments' => 'Affectations',
+            'kpi_active' => 'Actives',
+            'kpi_subjects' => 'Matières',
+            'kpi_classes' => 'Classes',
+            'col_subject' => 'Matière',
+            'col_class' => 'Classe',
+            'col_status' => 'Statut',
+            'empty' => 'Aucune affectation pour cet enseignant sur cette année.',
+        ],
+    ],
+
+    'users' => [
+        'gender' => [
+            'male' => 'Masculin',
+            'female' => 'Féminin',
+            'other' => 'Autre',
+        ],
+        'pay_status' => [
+            'draft' => 'Brouillon',
+            'validated' => 'Validé',
+            'paid' => 'Payé',
+            'cancelled' => 'Annulé',
+        ],
+        'days' => [
+            1 => 'Lundi',
+            2 => 'Mardi',
+            3 => 'Mercredi',
+            4 => 'Jeudi',
+            5 => 'Vendredi',
+            6 => 'Samedi',
+            7 => 'Dimanche',
+        ],
+        'months_short' => [
+            1 => 'janv.',
+            2 => 'févr.',
+            3 => 'mars',
+            4 => 'avr.',
+            5 => 'mai',
+            6 => 'juin',
+            7 => 'juil.',
+            8 => 'août',
+            9 => 'sept.',
+            10 => 'oct.',
+            11 => 'nov.',
+            12 => 'déc.',
+        ],
+
+        'index' => [
+            'head' => 'Utilisateurs',
+            'subtitle' => "Gérez les utilisateurs de l'application",
+            'new' => 'Nouvel utilisateur',
+            'stat_total' => 'Utilisateurs totaux',
+            'stat_active' => 'Utilisateurs actifs',
+            'stat_page' => 'Page',
+            'search_ph' => 'Rechercher un utilisateur par nom, email ou matricule...',
+            'all_roles' => 'Tous les rôles',
+            'all_genders' => 'Tous les genres',
+            'filter' => 'Filtrer',
+            'reset' => 'Réinitialiser',
+            'active_filters' => 'Filtres actifs',
+            'filter_search' => ' • Recherche : « :search »',
+            'filter_role' => ' • Rôle sélectionné',
+            'filter_gender' => ' • Genre : :gender',
+            'count' => ':count utilisateur(s)',
+            'per_page' => 'Lignes par page :',
+            'col_user' => 'Utilisateur',
+            'col_email' => 'Email',
+            'col_matricule' => 'Matricule',
+            'col_phone' => 'Téléphone',
+            'col_roles' => 'Rôles',
+            'col_actions' => 'Actions',
+            'empty' => 'Aucun utilisateur trouvé',
+            'no_role' => 'Aucun rôle',
+            'view' => 'Voir',
+            'edit' => 'Modifier',
+            'delete' => 'Supprimer',
+            'range' => ':from–:to sur :total utilisateurs',
+            'delete_title' => "Supprimer l'utilisateur",
+            'delete_desc' => 'Êtes-vous sûr de vouloir supprimer cet utilisateur ? Cette action est irréversible.',
+            'cancel' => 'Annuler',
+            'deleting' => 'Suppression...',
+        ],
+
+        'form' => [
+            'personal_info' => 'Informations personnelles',
+            'firstname' => 'Prénom *',
+            'firstname_ph' => 'Ex: Jean',
+            'lastname' => 'Nom *',
+            'lastname_ph' => 'Ex: Dupont',
+            'gender' => 'Genre *',
+            'birth_date' => 'Date de naissance',
+            'contact' => 'Coordonnées',
+            'email' => 'Email *',
+            'email_ph' => 'exemple@email.com',
+            'phone' => 'Téléphone',
+            'phone_ph' => '+228 XX XX XX XX',
+            'address' => 'Adresse',
+            'address_ph' => '123 Rue de la Paix',
+            'security' => 'Sécurité',
+            'security_hint' => 'Laissez ces champs vides pour conserver le mot de passe actuel.',
+            'password' => 'Mot de passe *',
+            'new_password' => 'Nouveau mot de passe',
+            'password_confirmation' => 'Confirmer le mot de passe *',
+            'password_confirmation_opt' => 'Confirmer le mot de passe',
+            'profile' => 'Profil',
+            'profile_desc' => 'Description du profil',
+            'profile_ph' => "Décrivez le profil de l'utilisateur...",
+            'selected_roles' => 'Rôles sélectionnés',
+            'roles_hint' => 'Attribuez un ou plusieurs rôles selon les responsabilités.',
+            'roles' => 'Rôles',
+            'cancel' => 'Annuler',
+        ],
+
+        'create' => [
+            'head' => 'Créer un utilisateur',
+            'title' => 'Créer un nouvel utilisateur',
+            'creating' => 'Création...',
+            'submit' => "Créer l'utilisateur",
+        ],
+
+        'edit' => [
+            'head' => 'Modifier :name',
+            'title' => 'Modifier :name',
+            'updating' => 'Mise à jour...',
+            'submit' => 'Mettre à jour',
+        ],
+
+        'show' => [
+            'edit' => 'Modifier',
+            'personal_info' => 'Informations personnelles',
+            'firstname' => 'Prénom',
+            'lastname' => 'Nom',
+            'gender' => 'Genre',
+            'birth_date' => 'Date de naissance',
+            'contact' => 'Coordonnées',
+            'email' => 'Email',
+            'phone' => 'Téléphone',
+            'address' => 'Adresse',
+            'not_provided' => 'Non renseigné',
+            'not_provided_f' => 'Non renseignée',
+            'assignments' => 'Affectations matières (:count)',
+            'no_assignment' => 'Aucune affectation de matière.',
+            'col_subject' => 'Matière',
+            'col_class' => 'Classe',
+            'col_year' => 'Année',
+            'col_status' => 'Statut',
+            'active' => 'Active',
+            'inactive' => 'Inactive',
+            'timetable' => 'Emploi du temps (:count)',
+            'no_slot' => 'Aucun créneau assigné.',
+            'col_day' => 'Jour',
+            'col_slot' => 'Créneau',
+            'col_room' => 'Salle',
+            'payslips' => 'Derniers bulletins de paie (:count)',
+            'no_payslip' => 'Aucun bulletin généré.',
+            'download' => 'Télécharger',
+            'profile' => 'Profil',
+            'history' => 'Historique',
+            'created_on' => 'Créé le',
+            'updated_on' => 'Dernière modification',
+            'roles' => 'Rôles (:count)',
+            'no_role' => 'Aucun rôle attribué',
+            'permissions' => 'Permissions',
+            'no_permission' => 'Aucune permission',
+        ],
+
+        'payroll' => [
+            'title' => 'Profil paie / RH',
+            'edit' => 'Modifier',
+            'remove' => 'Retirer',
+            'no_profile' => "Cet utilisateur n'a pas encore de profil paie.",
+            'add' => 'Ajouter à la paie',
+            'employee_number' => 'Matricule employé',
+            'job' => 'Poste',
+            'contract' => 'Contrat',
+            'status' => 'Statut',
+            'grade_base' => 'Grille / salaire de base',
+            'off_grade' => 'Hors grille (saisi manuellement)',
+            'payment' => 'Paiement',
+            'cnss' => 'N° CNSS',
+            'allowances' => "Primes & retenues de l'employé",
+            'no_allowance' => 'Aucune prime ou retenue récurrente.',
+            'added_by' => 'ajouté par :name',
+            'percent_base' => ':amount% du base',
+            'delete' => 'Supprimer',
+            'label' => 'Libellé',
+            'label_ph' => 'Ex: Prime de responsabilité',
+            'type' => 'Type',
+            'type_earning' => 'Gain',
+            'type_deduction' => 'Retenue',
+            'mode' => 'Mode',
+            'mode_fixed' => 'Montant fixe',
+            'mode_percent' => '% du base',
+            'percentage' => 'Pourcentage',
+            'amount' => 'Montant',
+            'reason' => 'Motif (traçabilité)',
+            'reason_ph' => 'Ex: Chef de département depuis septembre',
+            'add_btn' => 'Ajouter',
+            'remove_title' => 'Retirer de la paie ?',
+            'remove_desc' => "Le profil paie sera supprimé. Impossible si l'employé a déjà des bulletins.",
+            'cancel' => 'Annuler',
+            'delete_allowance_title' => 'Supprimer cette prime / retenue ?',
+            'delete_allowance_desc' => "Elle ne s'appliquera plus aux prochains bulletins. Les bulletins déjà générés ne sont pas affectés.",
+            'contract_cdi' => 'CDI',
+            'contract_cdd' => 'CDD',
+            'contract_vacataire' => 'Vacataire',
+            'contract_stagiaire' => 'Stagiaire',
+            'status_active' => 'Actif',
+            'status_suspended' => 'Suspendu',
+            'status_terminated' => 'Sorti des effectifs',
+            'method_cash' => 'Espèces',
+            'method_mobile_money' => 'Mobile Money',
+            'method_bank_transfer' => 'Virement',
+            'method_cheque' => 'Chèque',
+        ],
+
+        'employee_form' => [
+            'identity' => 'Identité & poste',
+            'user' => 'Utilisateur associé *',
+            'select_user' => 'Sélectionner un utilisateur',
+            'employee' => 'Employé',
+            'employee_number' => 'Matricule employé',
+            'employee_number_ph' => 'Auto si vide',
+            'job' => 'Poste *',
+            'job_ph' => 'Ex: Enseignant, Surveillant…',
+            'department' => 'Département / service',
+            'department_ph' => 'Ex: Primaire, Administration…',
+            'contract' => 'Type de contrat *',
+            'select' => 'Sélectionner',
+            'status' => 'Statut *',
+            'remuneration' => 'Rémunération & paiement',
+            'grade' => 'Grille salariale',
+            'no_grade_ph' => 'Aucune (salaire saisi manuellement)',
+            'no_grade' => 'Aucune (hors grille)',
+            'grade_base' => 'Salaire de base : :amount (issu de la grille)',
+            'base_ignored' => 'Salaire de base (ignoré, grille active)',
+            'base' => 'Salaire de base mensuel (F) *',
+            'base_ph' => 'Ex: 120000',
+            'payment_method' => 'Méthode de paiement *',
+            'momo_number' => 'Numéro Mobile Money',
+            'momo_number_ph' => 'Ex: +228 90 00 00 00',
+            'bank_name' => 'Banque',
+            'bank_name_ph' => 'Ex: Ecobank',
+            'bank_account' => 'N° de compte',
+            'cnss_number' => 'N° CNSS',
+            'cnss_number_ph' => 'Sécurité sociale',
+            'contract_notes' => 'Contrat & notes',
+            'hire_date' => "Date d'embauche",
+            'end_date' => 'Date de fin (si applicable)',
+            'notes' => 'Notes',
+            'update' => 'Mettre à jour',
+            'saving' => 'Enregistrement...',
+            'updating' => 'Mise à jour...',
+            'create' => "Enregistrer l'employé",
+            'cancel' => 'Annuler',
+            'status_active' => 'Actif',
+            'status_suspended' => 'Suspendu',
+            'status_terminated' => 'Sorti des effectifs',
+            'method_cash' => 'Espèces',
+            'method_mobile_money' => 'Mobile Money',
+            'method_bank_transfer' => 'Virement bancaire',
+            'method_cheque' => 'Chèque',
+        ],
+    ],
+];
diff --git a/lang/fr/archives.php b/lang/fr/archives.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..4c8c648a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lang/fr/archives.php
@@ -0,0 +1,89 @@
+<?php
+
+return [
+    // Index
+    'head' => 'Archives documentaires',
+    'title' => 'Archives documentaires',
+    'subtitle_docs' => ':count document(s) archivé(s)',
+    'trashed_suffix' => ' · :count en corbeille',
+    'view_active' => 'Voir actifs',
+    'trash' => 'Corbeille',
+    'archive_doc' => 'Archiver un document',
+    'search' => 'Recherche',
+    'search_ph' => 'Titre, référence…',
+    'category' => 'Catégorie',
+    'all_categories' => 'Toutes',
+    'from' => 'Du',
+    'to' => 'Au',
+    'reset' => 'Réinitialiser',
+    'th_reference' => 'Référence',
+    'th_document' => 'Document',
+    'th_tags' => 'Tags',
+    'th_linked' => 'Lié à',
+    'th_size' => 'Taille',
+    'th_archived' => 'Archivé',
+    'th_actions' => 'Actions',
+    'empty_trash' => 'Corbeille vide.',
+    'empty' => 'Aucun document archivé.',
+    'restore' => 'Restaurer',
+    'delete_forever' => 'Supprimer définitivement',
+    'download' => 'Télécharger',
+    'edit' => 'Modifier',
+    'delete' => 'Supprimer',
+    'prev' => 'Précédent',
+    'next' => 'Suivant',
+    'page_of' => 'Page :current / :last',
+    'edit_title' => 'Modifier le document',
+    'create_title' => 'Archiver un document',
+    'edit_desc' => 'Mettez à jour les métadonnées et les tags.',
+    'create_desc' => 'Ajoutez un fichier au coffre documentaire avec ses métadonnées et tags.',
+    'f_title' => 'Titre',
+    'f_category' => 'Catégorie',
+    'retention' => 'Conservation jusqu\'au',
+    'description' => 'Description',
+    'file' => 'Fichier',
+    'tags' => 'Tags',
+    'add_tag_ph' => 'Ajouter un tag puis Entrée…',
+    'linked_to' => 'Lié à',
+    'link_none' => 'Aucun',
+    'link_classroom' => 'Classe',
+    'link_student' => 'Élève (matricule)',
+    'classroom' => 'Classe',
+    'choose' => 'Choisir',
+    'student_matricule' => 'Matricule élève',
+    'cancel' => 'Annuler',
+    'save' => 'Enregistrer',
+    'archive' => 'Archiver',
+    'delete_forever_q' => 'Supprimer définitivement ?',
+    'delete_forever_desc' => 'Le fichier « :title » sera supprimé du stockage. Cette action est irréversible.',
+
+    // Tags
+    'tags_page' => [
+        'head' => 'Tags d\'archivage',
+        'title' => 'Tags d\'archivage',
+        'subtitle' => 'Organisez les documents archivés par mots-clés réutilisables.',
+        'new_tag' => 'Nouveau tag',
+        'total' => 'Tags au total',
+        'search_ph' => 'Rechercher un tag par nom...',
+        'th_tag' => 'Tag',
+        'th_documents' => 'Documents',
+        'th_color' => 'Couleur',
+        'th_actions' => 'Actions',
+        'documents_count' => ':count document(s)',
+        'change_color' => 'Changer la couleur',
+        'color_aria' => 'Couleur :color',
+        'delete' => 'Supprimer',
+        'empty' => 'Aucun tag trouvé',
+        'showing' => 'Affichage :from à :to sur :total',
+        'new_tag_desc' => 'Un mot-clé réutilisable pour classer les documents archivés.',
+        'name' => 'Nom du tag',
+        'name_ph' => 'Ex : Contrat, Inspection…',
+        'color' => 'Couleur',
+        'preview' => 'Aperçu :',
+        'default_name' => 'Nom du tag',
+        'cancel' => 'Annuler',
+        'create' => 'Créer',
+        'delete_q' => 'Supprimer ce tag ?',
+        'delete_desc' => 'Le tag sera retiré de tous les documents associés. Les documents ne sont pas supprimés.',
+    ],
+];
diff --git a/lang/fr/auth.php b/lang/fr/auth.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d9e1c517
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lang/fr/auth.php
@@ -0,0 +1,64 @@
+<?php
+
+return [
+    'login' => [
+        'title' => 'Connexion',
+        'description' => 'Entrez vos identifiants pour accéder à votre compte',
+        'email' => 'Adresse e-mail',
+        'email_placeholder' => 'vous@exemple.com',
+        'password' => 'Mot de passe',
+        'password_placeholder' => 'Mot de passe',
+        'forgot' => 'Mot de passe oublié ?',
+        'remember' => 'Se souvenir de moi',
+        'submit' => 'Se connecter',
+    ],
+    'forgot_password' => [
+        'title' => 'Mot de passe oublié',
+        'description' => 'Saisissez votre e-mail pour recevoir un lien de réinitialisation',
+        'email' => 'Adresse e-mail',
+        'email_placeholder' => 'email@exemple.com',
+        'submit' => 'Envoyer le lien de réinitialisation',
+        'return_prefix' => 'Ou revenez à la',
+        'login_link' => 'connexion',
+    ],
+    'two_factor' => [
+        'head' => 'Authentification à deux facteurs',
+        'auth_title' => 'Code d\'authentification',
+        'auth_description' => 'Saisissez le code d\'authentification fourni par votre application d\'authentification.',
+        'auth_toggle' => 'se connecter avec un code de récupération',
+        'recovery_title' => 'Code de récupération',
+        'recovery_description' => 'Confirmez l\'accès à votre compte en saisissant l\'un de vos codes de récupération d\'urgence.',
+        'recovery_toggle' => 'se connecter avec un code d\'authentification',
+        'recovery_placeholder' => 'Saisir le code de récupération',
+        'continue' => 'Continuer',
+        'or_you_can' => 'ou vous pouvez',
+    ],
+    'verify_email' => [
+        'title' => 'Vérifier l\'e-mail',
+        'description' => 'Veuillez vérifier votre adresse e-mail en cliquant sur le lien que nous venons de vous envoyer.',
+        'head' => 'Vérification de l\'e-mail',
+        'link_sent' => 'Un nouveau lien de vérification a été envoyé à l\'adresse e-mail que vous avez fournie lors de l\'inscription.',
+        'resend' => 'Renvoyer l\'e-mail de vérification',
+        'logout' => 'Déconnexion',
+    ],
+    'confirm_password' => [
+        'title' => 'Confirmez votre mot de passe',
+        'description' => 'Ceci est une zone sécurisée de l\'application. Veuillez confirmer votre mot de passe avant de continuer.',
+        'head' => 'Confirmer le mot de passe',
+        'password' => 'Mot de passe',
+        'password_placeholder' => 'Mot de passe',
+        'submit' => 'Confirmer le mot de passe',
+    ],
+    'reset_password' => [
+        'title' => 'Réinitialiser le mot de passe',
+        'description' => 'Veuillez saisir votre nouveau mot de passe ci-dessous',
+        'head' => 'Réinitialiser le mot de passe',
+        'email' => 'E-mail',
+        'password' => 'Mot de passe',
+        'password_placeholder' => 'Mot de passe',
+        'confirm' => 'Confirmer le mot de passe',
+        'confirm_placeholder' => 'Confirmer le mot de passe',
+        'submit' => 'Réinitialiser le mot de passe',
+    ],
+    'logout' => 'Déconnexion',
+];
diff --git a/lang/fr/calendar.php b/lang/fr/calendar.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..4dd8f64e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lang/fr/calendar.php
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+<?php
+
+return [
+    'title' => 'Calendrier',
+    'header_title' => 'Calendrier académique',
+    'subtitle' => 'Congés, examens, réunions et événements',
+    'new_event' => 'Nouvel événement',
+    'today' => "Aujourd'hui",
+    'prev' => 'Précédent',
+    'next' => 'Suivant',
+    'year' => 'Année',
+    'type' => 'Type',
+    'all_types' => 'Tous les types',
+    'drag_hint' => 'Astuce : glissez un événement pour le déplacer, tirez son bord pour changer sa fin.',
+    'empty' => 'Aucun événement.',
+    'all_day_label' => 'Journée',
+    'resize_hint' => 'Étirer la fin',
+
+    'view' => [
+        'month' => 'Mois',
+        'week' => 'Semaine',
+        'day' => 'Jour',
+        'agenda' => 'Liste',
+    ],
+
+    'dialog' => [
+        'edit_title' => "Modifier l'événement",
+        'new_title' => 'Nouvel événement',
+        'desc' => "Renseignez les informations de l'événement.",
+        'field_title' => 'Titre *',
+        'field_type' => 'Type',
+        'start' => 'Début *',
+        'end' => 'Fin',
+        'all_day' => 'Toute la journée',
+        'start_time' => 'Heure début',
+        'end_time' => 'Heure fin',
+        'description' => 'Description',
+    ],
+
+    'delete_title' => 'Supprimer cet événement ?',
+    'delete_desc' => 'Cette action est irréversible.',
+];
diff --git a/lang/fr/common.php b/lang/fr/common.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7e230654
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lang/fr/common.php
@@ -0,0 +1,60 @@
+<?php
+
+return [
+    'actions' => [
+        'save' => 'Enregistrer',
+        'cancel' => 'Annuler',
+        'create' => 'Créer',
+        'add' => 'Ajouter',
+        'edit' => 'Modifier',
+        'update' => 'Mettre à jour',
+        'delete' => 'Supprimer',
+        'remove' => 'Retirer',
+        'search' => 'Rechercher',
+        'filter' => 'Filtrer',
+        'reset' => 'Réinitialiser',
+        'confirm' => 'Confirmer',
+        'back' => 'Retour',
+        'close' => 'Fermer',
+        'print' => 'Imprimer',
+        'export' => 'Exporter',
+        'download' => 'Télécharger',
+        'view' => 'Voir',
+        'details' => 'Détails',
+        'validate' => 'Valider',
+        'next' => 'Suivant',
+        'previous' => 'Précédent',
+        'yes' => 'Oui',
+        'no' => 'Non',
+    ],
+    'status' => [
+        'active' => 'Actif',
+        'inactive' => 'Inactif',
+        'pending' => 'En attente',
+        'loading' => 'Chargement…',
+    ],
+    'messages' => [
+        'none' => 'Aucun résultat',
+        'confirm_delete' => 'Confirmer la suppression',
+        'saved' => 'Enregistré',
+        'required' => 'Ce champ est obligatoire',
+    ],
+    'pagination' => [
+        'showing' => 'Affichage de :from à :to sur :total',
+        'per_page' => 'Lignes par page',
+        'page' => 'Page',
+    ],
+    'editor' => [
+        'bold' => 'Gras',
+        'italic' => 'Italique',
+        'heading1' => 'Titre 1',
+        'heading2' => 'Titre 2',
+        'bullet_list' => 'Liste à puces',
+        'numbered_list' => 'Liste numérotée',
+        'align_left' => 'Aligner à gauche',
+        'align_center' => 'Centrer',
+        'align_right' => 'Aligner à droite',
+        'undo' => 'Annuler',
+        'redo' => 'Rétablir',
+    ],
+];
diff --git a/lang/fr/comptabilite.php b/lang/fr/comptabilite.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..066b36dc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lang/fr/comptabilite.php
@@ -0,0 +1,260 @@
+<?php
+
+return [
+    'verify' => [
+        'head' => 'Vérifier un reçu',
+        'title' => 'Vérifier un reçu',
+        'subtitle' => 'Scannez le code-barres ou saisissez le code de vérification du reçu.',
+        'placeholder' => 'Code de vérification (ex: DAL-XXXXXXXXXXXX)',
+        'verify' => 'Vérifier',
+        'authentic' => 'Reçu authentique',
+        'student' => 'Élève',
+        'matricule' => 'Matricule',
+        'class' => 'Classe',
+        'date' => 'Date',
+        'amount' => 'Montant encaissé',
+        'not_found' => 'Reçu introuvable',
+        'not_found_hint' => 'Aucun reçu ne correspond à ce code. Ce document pourrait être falsifié.',
+    ],
+
+    'dashboard' => [
+        'head' => 'Comptabilité',
+        'title' => 'Tableau de bord comptable',
+        'year_prefix' => 'Année scolaire :year',
+        'all_years' => 'Toutes les années',
+        'filter' => 'Filtrer :',
+        'all_classes' => 'Toutes les classes',
+        'reset' => 'Réinitialiser',
+        'alert_unpaid' => ":count élève(s) n'ont effectué aucun paiement",
+        'alert_unpaid_hint' => "Ces élèves sont susceptibles d'être renvoyés si la situation n'évolue pas.",
+        'total_billed' => 'Total facturé',
+        'invoices' => ':count factures',
+        'collected' => 'Encaissé',
+        'of_total' => ':pct% du total',
+        'recovered' => ':pct% recouvré',
+        'remaining' => 'Reste à recouvrer',
+        'open_files' => ':count dossiers ouverts',
+        'paid_late' => 'Soldés / En retard',
+        'partial_payments' => ':count paiements partiels',
+        'recovery_global' => 'Taux de recouvrement global',
+        'collected_of' => ':paid encaissés sur :total',
+        'monthly' => 'Évolution mensuelle des encaissements',
+        'month_collected' => 'Encaissé du mois',
+        'cumul_collected' => 'Cumul encaissé',
+        'expected' => 'Total attendu',
+        'expected_short' => 'Attendu',
+        'by_class' => 'Situation par classe',
+        'col_class' => 'Classe',
+        'col_students' => 'Élèves',
+        'col_billed' => 'Facturé',
+        'col_collected' => 'Encaissé',
+        'col_remaining' => 'Reste',
+        'col_rate' => 'Taux',
+        'col_statuses' => 'Statuts',
+        'unpaid_title' => 'Élèves avec solde impayé',
+        'view_all' => 'Voir tout',
+        'top_n' => 'Top :shown des plus gros soldes sur :total · ',
+        'sorted' => 'Triés par montant restant décroissant · ',
+        'no_payment_count' => ':count aucun paiement',
+        'all_uptodate' => 'Tous les élèves sont à jour',
+        'all_uptodate_hint' => 'Aucun solde impayé pour les filtres sélectionnés.',
+        'col_student' => 'Élève',
+        'col_total' => 'Total',
+        'col_paid' => 'Payé',
+        'col_status' => 'Statut',
+        'col_risk' => 'Risque',
+        'to_expel' => 'À renvoyer',
+        'partial' => 'Partiel',
+        'follow' => 'Suivi',
+        'status' => [
+            'ISSUED' => 'Non payé',
+            'PARTIALLY_PAID' => 'Partiel',
+            'PAID' => 'Soldé',
+            'CANCELLED' => 'Annulé',
+        ],
+    ],
+
+    'tx' => [
+        'head' => 'Journal des transactions',
+        'title' => 'Journal des transactions',
+        'subtitle' => 'Historique de tous les mouvements financiers',
+        'new_expense' => 'Nouvelle dépense',
+        'total_collected' => 'Total encaissé',
+        'transactions_count' => ':count transaction(s)',
+        'total_out' => 'Total sorties',
+        'net_balance' => 'Solde net',
+        'positive' => 'Positif',
+        'negative' => 'Négatif',
+        'transactions' => 'Transactions',
+        'of_total' => 'au total',
+        'cash_accounts' => 'Caisses :',
+        'filters' => 'Filtres',
+        'clear_all' => 'Tout effacer',
+        'type' => 'Type',
+        'all_types' => 'Tous les types',
+        'income' => 'Entrées',
+        'outflows' => 'Sorties',
+        'income_arrow' => '↑ Entrées',
+        'expense_arrow' => '↓ Sorties',
+        'reference' => 'Référence',
+        'all_references' => 'Toutes les références',
+        'ref_payment' => 'Paiement écolage',
+        'ref_scholarship' => 'Bourse accordée',
+        'ref_cancellation' => 'Annulation',
+        'ref_expense' => 'Dépense manuelle',
+        'category' => 'Catégorie (dépense)',
+        'all_categories' => 'Toutes les catégories',
+        'cash' => 'Caisse',
+        'all_cash' => 'Toutes les caisses',
+        'period' => 'Période',
+        'quick' => 'Rapide :',
+        'today' => "Aujourd'hui",
+        'this_month' => 'Ce mois',
+        'this_year' => 'Cette année',
+        'active' => 'Actifs :',
+        'filtered' => '— filtrées',
+        'per_page' => 'Lignes par page :',
+        'empty' => 'Aucune transaction trouvée',
+        'clear_filters' => 'Effacer les filtres',
+        'col_type' => 'Type',
+        'col_description' => 'Description',
+        'col_reference' => 'Référence',
+        'col_cash' => 'Caisse',
+        'col_amount' => 'Montant',
+        'col_date' => 'Date',
+        'by_user' => 'par :name',
+        'range' => ':from–:to sur :total',
+        'first_page' => 'Première page',
+        'last_page' => 'Dernière page',
+        'delete_title' => 'Supprimer cette dépense ?',
+        'delete_desc' => 'Le montant sera recrédité sur la caisse concernée. Cette action est irréversible.',
+        'delete_expense_aria' => 'Supprimer cette dépense',
+        'txtype' => [
+            'INCOME' => 'Entrée',
+            'EXPENSE' => 'Sortie',
+        ],
+        'ref' => [
+            'PAYMENT' => 'Paiement',
+            'SCHOLARSHIP' => 'Bourse',
+            'EXPENSE' => 'Dépense',
+            'CANCELLATION' => 'Annulation',
+        ],
+    ],
+
+    'situation' => [
+        'head' => 'Situation par classe',
+        'title' => 'Situation par classe',
+        'year' => 'Année :year',
+        'class_prefix' => 'Classe :name',
+        'all_classes_suffix' => 'Toutes les classes',
+        'students_concerned' => 'Élèves concernés',
+        'classes_count' => ':count classe(s)',
+        'total_collected' => 'Total encaissé',
+        'of_billed' => ':pct% du facturé',
+        'remaining' => 'Reste à recouvrer',
+        'pending_files' => ':count dossier(s) en attente',
+        'paid_unpaid' => 'Soldés / Non payés',
+        'partial_count' => ':count paiement(s) partiel(s)',
+        'collected_of_short' => ':paid sur :total',
+        'summary_by_class' => 'Résumé par classe',
+        'no_data' => 'Aucune donnée pour les filtres sélectionnés',
+        'col_export' => 'Export',
+        'selected' => 'sélectionnée',
+        'export_all' => 'Tout',
+        'export_unpaid' => 'Impayés',
+        'export_all_title' => 'Exporter tout',
+        'export_unpaid_title' => 'Exporter impayés',
+        'students_of' => 'Élèves — :name',
+        'students_sub' => ':count élève(s) · :risk sans aucun paiement',
+        'col_invoice' => 'N° Facture',
+        'col_progress' => 'Progression',
+        'settled' => 'Soldé',
+        'total_students_foot' => ':count élève(s)',
+        'empty_class' => 'Aucun élève dans cette classe',
+    ],
+
+    'cash' => [
+        'head' => 'Gestion des caisses',
+        'title' => 'Gestion des caisses',
+        'subtitle' => 'Gérez vos caisses : espèces, mobile money, banque.',
+        'new' => 'Nouvelle caisse',
+        'global_balance' => 'Solde global toutes caisses',
+        'active_count' => ':count caisse(s) active(s)',
+        'create_submit' => 'Créer la caisse',
+        'empty' => 'Aucune caisse configurée.',
+        'empty_hint' => 'Créez votre première caisse pour commencer.',
+        'name' => 'Nom *',
+        'name_ph' => 'Ex: Caisse principale',
+        'type_label' => 'Type *',
+        'opt_cash' => '💵 Espèces',
+        'opt_mobile' => '📱 Mobile Money (Flooz/TMoney)',
+        'opt_bank' => '🏦 Banque',
+        'description' => 'Description',
+        'description_ph' => 'Optionnel',
+        'current_balance' => 'Solde actuel',
+        'payments_count' => ':count paiement(s)',
+        'delete_title' => 'Supprimer cette caisse ?',
+        'delete_desc' => 'Cette action est irréversible. Les paiements liés à cette caisse ne seront pas supprimés.',
+        'type' => [
+            'CASH' => 'Espèces',
+            'MOBILE_MONEY' => 'Mobile Money',
+            'BANK' => 'Banque',
+        ],
+    ],
+
+    'receipt_doc' => [
+        'head' => 'Reçu :number',
+        'print' => 'Imprimer le reçu',
+        'copy_school' => 'Exemplaire établissement',
+        'copy_payer' => 'Exemplaire payeur',
+        'title' => 'Reçu de paiement',
+        'receipt_no' => 'N° de reçu',
+        'date' => 'Date :',
+        'student' => 'Élève',
+        'mat' => 'Mat.',
+        'class_year' => 'Classe · Année',
+        'enrollment_no' => 'N° inscription',
+        'invoice' => 'Facture',
+        'designation' => 'Désignation',
+        'amount' => 'Montant',
+        'invoice_total' => 'Total facture',
+        'amount_collected' => 'Montant encaissé',
+        'ref' => 'Réf :',
+        'in_words' => 'Arrêté le présent reçu à la somme de :',
+        'total_paid' => 'Total payé',
+        'remaining' => 'Reste à payer',
+        'stamp' => "Cachet de l'établissement",
+        'accounting' => 'La Comptabilité',
+        'paid_by' => 'Payé par',
+        'established_on' => 'Établi le',
+        'verify_p1' => 'Reçu authentifiable sur ',
+        'verify_p2' => ' — code : ',
+        'method' => [
+            'CASH' => 'Espèces',
+            'MOBILE_MONEY' => 'Mobile Money',
+            'BANK_TRANSFER' => 'Virement bancaire',
+            'CHEQUE' => 'Chèque',
+        ],
+    ],
+
+    'expense' => [
+        'head' => 'Nouvelle dépense',
+        'title' => 'Enregistrer une dépense',
+        'subtitle' => 'Sortie de caisse : loyer, salaires, fournitures…',
+        'details' => 'Détails de la dépense',
+        'category' => 'Catégorie *',
+        'select_category' => 'Sélectionner une catégorie',
+        'amount' => 'Montant (F) *',
+        'amount_ph' => 'Ex: 25000',
+        'description' => 'Description *',
+        'description_ph' => "Ex: Facture d'électricité — octobre 2026",
+        'date' => 'Date *',
+        'cash_account' => 'Caisse *',
+        'select_cash' => 'Sélectionner une caisse',
+        'balance_opt' => ':name — solde :balance',
+        'after_expense' => 'Solde après dépense :',
+        'recent' => 'Dernières dépenses',
+        'saving' => 'Enregistrement...',
+        'submit' => 'Enregistrer la dépense',
+    ],
+];
diff --git a/lang/fr/dashboard.php b/lang/fr/dashboard.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c4156d41
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lang/fr/dashboard.php
@@ -0,0 +1,143 @@
+<?php
+
+return [
+    'title' => 'Tableau de bord',
+
+    'header' => [
+        'school_year' => 'Année scolaire :year',
+        'no_active_year' => 'Aucune année active',
+        'academic_year' => 'Année académique',
+        'active_suffix' => 'active',
+    ],
+
+    'alert' => [
+        'no_payment' => ":count élève(s) n'ont effectué aucun paiement",
+        'no_payment_hint' => "Ces élèves sont à risque d'exclusion faute de paiement.",
+    ],
+
+    'kpi' => [
+        'students_enrolled' => 'Élèves inscrits',
+        'this_week' => 'Cette semaine',
+        'this_week_sub' => 'Nouvelles inscriptions',
+        'active_students' => 'Élèves actifs',
+        'active_students_sub' => 'sur :total au total',
+        'recovery_rate' => 'Taux de recouvrement',
+        'boys' => 'Garçons',
+        'girls' => 'Filles',
+        'gender_sub' => ':pct% des inscrits',
+        'active_classes' => 'Classes actives',
+        'active_classes_sub' => 'Classes ouvertes',
+        'users' => 'Utilisateurs',
+        'users_sub' => 'Comptes au total',
+        'teachers' => 'Enseignants',
+        'teachers_sub' => 'Personnel pédagogique',
+        'rem' => 'Ratio élèves/enseignant',
+        'rem_sub' => 'REM · :count enseignant(s)',
+        'present_today' => 'Présences du jour',
+        'present_today_sub' => ":count absence(s) aujourd'hui",
+        'presence_rate' => 'Taux de présence (jour)',
+        'presence_rate_sub' => ':present/:total pointés',
+        'presence_rate_none' => 'Aucun pointage',
+        'pending_permissions' => 'Permissions en attente',
+        'pending_permissions_sub' => 'À traiter',
+        'documents' => 'Documents délivrés',
+        'this_month' => 'Ce mois-ci',
+        'official_exams' => 'Examens officiels',
+        'official_exams_sub' => ':count inscription(s)',
+        'validated_bulletins' => 'Bulletins validés',
+        'period' => 'Période : :period',
+        'all_periods' => 'Toutes périodes',
+        'current_period' => 'Période courante',
+        'general_average' => 'Moyenne générale',
+        'total_billed' => 'Total facturé',
+        'total_billed_sub' => ':count factures',
+        'collected' => 'Encaissé',
+        'collected_sub' => 'Taux :pct%',
+        'remaining' => 'Reste à recouvrer',
+        'remaining_sub' => ':count dossiers ouverts',
+        'paid_unpaid' => 'Soldés / Impayés',
+        'paid_unpaid_sub' => ':count paiements partiels',
+        'collected_month' => 'Encaissé (mois)',
+        'expenses_month' => 'Dépenses (mois)',
+        'net_month' => 'Solde net (mois)',
+        'surplus' => 'Excédent',
+        'deficit' => 'Déficit',
+    ],
+
+    'section' => [
+        'pending_permissions' => 'Permissions en attente',
+        'pending_permissions_action' => 'Permissions',
+        'pending_permissions_empty' => 'Aucune demande en attente',
+        'upcoming_exams' => 'Prochains examens officiels',
+        'upcoming_exams_action' => 'Examens',
+        'upcoming_exams_empty' => 'Aucun examen planifié',
+        'registered' => ':count inscrit(s)',
+        'monthly' => 'Encaissements — 6 derniers mois',
+        'monthly_empty' => 'Aucun paiement sur la période',
+        'collected_tooltip' => 'Encaissé',
+        'cash_balances' => 'Soldes des caisses',
+        'cash_balances_empty' => 'Aucune caisse active',
+        'total' => 'Total',
+        'payment_methods' => 'Moyens de paiement',
+        'payment_methods_empty' => 'Aucun encaissement sur la période',
+        'invoice_breakdown' => 'Répartition des factures',
+        'students_per_class' => 'Élèves par classe',
+        'students_tooltip' => 'Élèves',
+        'recent_payments' => 'Derniers paiements',
+        'recent_payments_action' => 'Comptabilité',
+        'recent_payments_empty' => 'Aucun paiement enregistré',
+        'recent_enrollments' => 'Dernières inscriptions',
+        'recent_enrollments_action' => 'Inscriptions',
+        'recent_enrollments_empty' => 'Aucune inscription pour cette année',
+        'payment_methods_year' => 'Moyens de paiement — :year',
+        'students_no_pay' => 'Élèves à risque — aucun paiement',
+        'students_no_pay_action' => 'Voir tout',
+        'col_student' => 'Élève',
+        'col_class' => 'Classe',
+        'col_amount_due' => 'Montant dû',
+        'invoice_action' => 'Facture',
+    ],
+
+    'teacher' => [
+        'today_timetable' => "Mon emploi du temps — aujourd'hui",
+        'timetable_action' => 'Emploi du temps',
+        'today_empty' => "Aucun cours programmé aujourd'hui.",
+        'room' => 'salle :room',
+        'pending_marks' => 'Notes à saisir',
+        'evaluations_action' => 'Évaluations',
+        'pending_marks_empty' => 'Toutes vos évaluations sont saisies. 🎉',
+        'my_classes' => 'Mes classes & matières',
+        'assignments_action' => 'Affectations',
+        'assignments_empty' => "Aucune affectation pour l'année :year",
+        'take_attendance' => "Faire l'appel",
+    ],
+
+    'empty' => [
+        'title' => 'Tableau de bord non disponible',
+        'subtitle' => 'Aucune donnée à afficher pour votre profil.',
+    ],
+
+    'method' => [
+        'cash' => 'Espèces',
+        'mobile_money' => 'Mobile Money',
+        'bank_transfer' => 'Virement bancaire',
+        'bank_transfer_short' => 'Virement',
+        'cheque' => 'Chèque',
+        'bank' => 'Banque',
+        'other' => 'Autre',
+    ],
+
+    'status' => [
+        'issued' => 'Non payé',
+        'partially_paid' => 'Partiel',
+        'paid' => 'Soldé',
+        'active' => 'Actif',
+        'pending' => 'En attente',
+    ],
+
+    'reason' => [
+        'medical' => 'Médical',
+        'familial' => 'Familial',
+        'autre' => 'Autre',
+    ],
+];
diff --git a/lang/fr/enrollments.php b/lang/fr/enrollments.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..8abe01c5
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lang/fr/enrollments.php
@@ -0,0 +1,272 @@
+<?php
+
+return [
+    'index' => [
+        'title' => 'Inscriptions & Paiements',
+        'subtitle' => 'Gérez les inscriptions des élèves par année académique',
+        'new' => 'Nouvelle inscription',
+        'billed' => 'Total facturé',
+        'collected' => 'Encaissé',
+        'recovered' => ':rate% recouvré',
+        'remaining' => 'Reste à recouvrer',
+        'unpaid' => 'Impayées',
+        'no_payment' => 'sans paiement',
+        'search_ph' => 'Code, élève, classe, année...',
+        'all_statuses' => 'Tous les statuts',
+        'all_years' => 'Toutes les années',
+        'all_classes' => 'Toutes les classes',
+        'reset' => 'Réinit.',
+        'unit' => 'inscription(s)',
+        'per_page' => 'Lignes par page :',
+        'empty' => 'Aucune inscription trouvée',
+        'range' => ':from–:to sur :total inscriptions',
+        'delete_title' => 'Supprimer cette inscription ?',
+        'delete_desc' => 'Cette action est irréversible.',
+
+        'status' => [
+            'pending' => 'En attente',
+            'active' => 'Actif',
+            'cancelled' => 'Annulé',
+        ],
+
+        'col' => [
+            'code' => 'Code',
+            'student' => 'Élève',
+            'class' => 'Classe',
+            'year' => 'Année',
+            'date' => 'Date',
+            'status' => 'Statut',
+            'payment' => 'Paiement',
+            'actions' => 'Actions',
+        ],
+
+        'pay' => [
+            'no_invoice' => 'Sans facture',
+            'paid' => 'Payé',
+            'remaining' => 'Reste :amount',
+            'unpaid' => 'Impayé',
+        ],
+    ],
+
+    'form' => [
+        'school' => 'École *',
+        'select_school' => 'Sélectionner une école',
+        'student' => 'Élève *',
+        'select_student' => 'Sélectionner un élève',
+        'class' => 'Classe *',
+        'select_class' => 'Sélectionner une classe',
+        'academic_year' => 'Année académique *',
+        'select_year' => 'Sélectionner une année',
+        'active_suffix' => 'active',
+        'code' => "Code d'inscription",
+        'date' => "Date d'inscription *",
+        'status' => 'Statut *',
+        'saving' => 'Enregistrement...',
+    ],
+
+    'edit' => [
+        'head' => 'Modifier inscription',
+        'title' => "Modifier l'inscription",
+    ],
+
+    'create' => [
+        'head' => 'Nouvelle inscription',
+        'subtitle' => "Inscrire un élève pour l'année scolaire",
+        'step' => 'Étape :n',
+        'fields_filled' => ':n / 4 champs obligatoires remplis',
+        'search_student_ph' => 'Rechercher un élève...',
+        'search_input_ph' => 'Nom, prénom ou matricule...',
+        'no_student' => 'Aucun élève trouvé',
+        'more_students' => ':count élèves — affichage des 50 premiers correspondants',
+        'creating' => 'Création en cours...',
+        'submit_with_payment' => 'Inscrire & enregistrer le paiement',
+        'submit' => "Créer l'inscription",
+
+        'steps' => [
+            'enrollment' => 'Inscription',
+            'summary' => 'Récapitulatif',
+            'payment' => 'Paiement',
+        ],
+
+        's1' => [
+            'title' => "Informations de l'inscription",
+            'subtitle' => "Renseignez l'établissement, l'élève et la classe",
+            'establishment' => 'Établissement',
+            'school' => 'École',
+            'academic_year' => 'Année académique',
+            'student' => 'Élève',
+            'class_details' => 'Classe & détails',
+            'class' => 'Classe',
+            'date' => "Date d'inscription",
+            'code' => "Code d'inscription",
+            'code_ph' => 'Auto-généré si vide',
+            'code_hint' => 'Laisser vide pour génération automatique',
+            'status' => 'Statut',
+        ],
+
+        's2' => [
+            'title' => 'Récapitulatif des frais',
+            'subtitle' => 'Frais générés automatiquement depuis la grille tarifaire',
+            'total' => 'Total à régler',
+            'no_fees' => 'Aucun frais configuré',
+            'no_fees_hint' => 'La facture sera créée vide — vous pourrez y ajouter des frais manuellement.',
+        ],
+
+        's3' => [
+            'title' => 'Premier paiement',
+            'subtitle' => 'Optionnel — enregistrable maintenant ou plus tard',
+            'now' => 'Paiement à enregistrer maintenant',
+            'later' => 'Payer plus tard',
+            'now_hint' => 'Un reçu sera généré automatiquement',
+            'later_hint' => "L'inscription sera créée avec facture sans paiement",
+            'method' => 'Mode de paiement',
+            'amount' => 'Montant (F)',
+            'fill_total' => 'Remplir le total (:amount)',
+            'payment_date' => 'Date de paiement',
+            'paid_by' => 'Payé par',
+            'paid_by_ph' => 'Nom du payeur',
+            'reference' => 'Référence / N° transaction',
+            'reference_ph' => 'Ex: TXN-123456',
+        ],
+
+        'method' => [
+            'cash' => 'Espèces',
+            'cash_desc' => 'Paiement en cash',
+            'mobile' => 'Mobile',
+            'mobile_desc' => 'Flooz, T-Money...',
+            'transfer' => 'Virement',
+            'transfer_desc' => 'Virement bancaire',
+            'cheque' => 'Chèque',
+            'cheque_desc' => 'Chèque bancaire',
+        ],
+    ],
+
+    'invoice' => [
+        'paid_progress' => ':amount payés',
+        'total_due' => 'Total dû',
+        'detail_title' => 'Détail de la facture',
+        'no_fees' => 'Aucun frais configuré pour cette classe / année.',
+        'payments_count' => 'Paiements (:count)',
+        'new_payment' => 'Nouveau paiement',
+        'record_payment' => 'Enregistrer un paiement',
+        'amount' => 'Montant (F) *',
+        'amount_max' => 'Max : :amount',
+        'method' => 'Mode de paiement *',
+        'cash_account' => 'Caisse de destination',
+        'no_cash_account' => '— Sans caisse —',
+        'payment_date' => 'Date de paiement *',
+        'paid_by' => 'Payé par',
+        'paid_by_ph' => 'Nom du payeur',
+        'reference' => 'Référence / N° transaction',
+        'reference_ph' => 'Ex: TXN-123456',
+        'notes' => 'Notes (optionnel)',
+        'notes_ph' => 'Remarques...',
+        'empty_payments' => 'Aucun paiement enregistré',
+        'receipt' => 'Reçu :number',
+        'opt' => [
+            'cash' => 'Espèces',
+            'mobile' => 'Mobile Money',
+            'transfer' => 'Virement bancaire',
+            'cheque' => 'Chèque',
+        ],
+    ],
+
+    'invoice_doc' => [
+        'head' => 'Facture :number',
+        'print' => 'Imprimer la facture',
+        'title' => 'Facture',
+        'number' => 'N°',
+        'issued_on' => 'Émise le :date',
+        'student' => 'Élève',
+        'mat' => 'Mat.',
+        'class_year' => 'Classe · Année',
+        'enrollment_ref' => 'Inscription :code',
+        'col_designation' => 'Désignation',
+        'col_amount' => 'Montant',
+        'no_fees' => 'Aucun frais configuré.',
+        'subtotal' => 'Sous-total',
+        'discount' => 'Réduction',
+        'total_due' => 'Total à payer',
+        'in_words' => 'Arrêtée la présente facture à la somme de :',
+        'status' => 'Statut',
+        'total_paid' => 'Total payé',
+        'remaining' => 'Reste à payer',
+        'payments_received' => 'Paiements reçus',
+        'col_date' => 'Date',
+        'col_method' => 'Mode',
+        'col_reference' => 'Référence',
+        'stamp' => "Cachet de l'établissement",
+        'accounting' => 'La Comptabilité',
+        'status_opt' => [
+            'ISSUED' => 'Non payée',
+            'PARTIALLY_PAID' => 'Partiellement payée',
+            'PAID' => 'Soldée',
+            'CANCELLED' => 'Annulée',
+        ],
+        'method' => [
+            'CASH' => 'Espèces',
+            'MOBILE_MONEY' => 'Mobile Money',
+            'BANK_TRANSFER' => 'Virement',
+            'CHEQUE' => 'Chèque',
+        ],
+    ],
+
+    'receipt' => [
+        'head' => 'Confirmation - :code',
+        'title' => "Confirmation d'inscription",
+        'number' => 'N°',
+        'issued_on' => 'Le :date',
+        'student' => 'Élève',
+        'matricule' => 'Matricule',
+        'class' => 'Classe',
+        'academic_year' => 'Année académique',
+        'status' => 'Statut',
+        'settlement' => 'Règlement',
+        'registered_by' => 'Enregistrée par',
+        'stamp' => "Cachet de l'établissement",
+        'management' => 'La Direction',
+        'established_on' => 'Document établi le :date. À conserver.',
+        'reserve_note' => 'Document délivré sous réserve du règlement du solde restant (:amount).',
+        'mention_p1' => "La direction confirme l'inscription de l'élève ",
+        'mention_p2' => ' en classe de ',
+        'mention_p3' => " pour l'année académique ",
+        'status_opt' => [
+            'PENDING' => 'En attente',
+            'ACTIVE' => 'Active',
+            'CANCELLED' => 'Annulée',
+        ],
+        'settle' => [
+            'no_fees' => 'Aucun frais facturé',
+            'settled' => 'Inscription soldée',
+            'partial' => 'Partiellement réglée — reste :amount',
+            'unpaid' => 'Non réglée — reste :amount',
+        ],
+    ],
+
+    'show' => [
+        'head' => 'Détail inscription',
+        'title' => "Détail de l'inscription",
+        'confirmation' => 'Confirmation',
+        'financial' => 'Suivi financier',
+        'code' => "Code d'inscription",
+        'status' => 'Statut',
+        'school' => 'École',
+        'student' => 'Élève',
+        'class' => 'Classe',
+        'academic_year' => 'Année académique',
+        'date' => "Date d'inscription",
+        'enrolled_by' => 'Enregistré par',
+        'created_at' => 'Créé le',
+        'updated_at' => 'Modifié le',
+        'invoice' => 'Facture :number',
+        'total' => 'Total',
+        'paid' => 'Payé',
+        'remaining' => 'Reste',
+        'inv' => [
+            'ISSUED' => 'Non payé',
+            'PARTIALLY_PAID' => 'Partiellement payé',
+            'PAID' => 'Soldé',
+            'CANCELLED' => 'Annulé',
+        ],
+    ],
+];
diff --git a/lang/fr/errors.php b/lang/fr/errors.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..225b8cfc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lang/fr/errors.php
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+<?php
+
+return [
+    'dashboard' => 'Tableau de bord',
+    'home' => 'Retour à l\'accueil',
+    'previous' => 'Page précédente',
+
+    'fallback' => [
+        'title' => 'Une erreur est survenue',
+        'message' => 'Quelque chose s\'est mal passé. Veuillez réessayer.',
+    ],
+    '403' => [
+        'title' => 'Accès refusé',
+        'message' => 'Vous n\'avez pas l\'autorisation d\'accéder à cette page.',
+    ],
+    '404' => [
+        'title' => 'Page introuvable',
+        'message' => 'La page que vous recherchez n\'existe pas ou a été déplacée.',
+    ],
+    '419' => [
+        'title' => 'Session expirée',
+        'message' => 'Votre session a expiré. Veuillez vous reconnecter, puis réessayer.',
+    ],
+    '429' => [
+        'title' => 'Trop de requêtes',
+        'message' => 'Vous avez effectué trop de requêtes. Patientez un instant avant de réessayer.',
+    ],
+    '500' => [
+        'title' => 'Erreur serveur',
+        'message' => 'Une erreur inattendue s\'est produite. Réessayez dans un instant ; si le problème persiste, contactez l\'administrateur de votre établissement.',
+    ],
+    '503' => [
+        'title' => 'Maintenance en cours',
+        'message' => 'Le service est momentanément indisponible. Merci de revenir dans quelques instants.',
+    ],
+];
diff --git a/lang/fr/examens.php b/lang/fr/examens.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c9bd8520
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lang/fr/examens.php
@@ -0,0 +1,302 @@
+<?php
+
+return [
+    'templates' => [
+        'index' => [
+            'head' => "Modèles d'évaluation",
+            'title' => "Modèles d'évaluation",
+            'year' => 'Année : :year',
+            'subtitle_default' => 'Définissez les examens globaux avant de les déployer par classe',
+            'new' => 'Nouveau modèle',
+            'search_ph' => 'Rechercher un modèle...',
+            'period' => 'Période',
+            'all_periods' => 'Toutes les périodes',
+            'filter' => 'Filtrer',
+            'col_name' => 'Nom du modèle',
+            'col_type' => 'Type',
+            'col_period' => 'Période',
+            'col_coeff' => 'Coeff.',
+            'col_scale' => 'Barème',
+            'col_date' => 'Date indicative',
+            'col_deployed' => 'Déployé',
+            'col_actions' => 'Actions',
+            'empty' => "Aucun modèle d'évaluation. Créez-en un pour commencer.",
+            'classes_count' => ':count classe(s)',
+            'total' => ':count modèle(s) au total',
+            'delete_title' => 'Supprimer ce modèle ?',
+            'delete_desc' => 'Toutes les évaluations et notes associées seront supprimées. Action irréversible.',
+        ],
+
+        'form' => [
+            'name' => 'Nom *',
+            'name_ph' => 'Ex: Devoir 1, Examen du trimestre...',
+            'period' => 'Période *',
+            'current' => 'en cours',
+            'eval_type' => "Type d'évaluation *",
+            'eval_type_short' => 'Type *',
+            'class_type' => 'Type de classe',
+            'all_types' => 'Tous les types',
+            'coefficient' => 'Coefficient *',
+            'scale' => 'Barème (note max) *',
+            'scale_short' => 'Barème *',
+            'date' => 'Date indicative',
+            'description' => 'Description',
+            'description_ph' => 'Instructions, objectifs...',
+            'saving' => 'Enregistrement...',
+        ],
+
+        'create' => [
+            'head' => "Nouveau modèle d'évaluation",
+            'title' => "Nouveau modèle d'évaluation",
+            'subtitle' => '— Ce modèle sera ensuite déployé par classe et par matière.',
+            'submit' => 'Créer le modèle',
+        ],
+
+        'edit' => [
+            'head' => 'Modifier : :name',
+            'title' => 'Modifier le modèle',
+            'submit' => 'Sauvegarder',
+        ],
+
+        'show' => [
+            'head' => 'Modèle : :name',
+            'deploy' => 'Déployer vers des classes',
+            'no_active_year' => 'Aucune année académique active',
+            'no_active_year_hint' => 'Activez une année académique pour pouvoir déployer ce modèle.',
+            'manage_years' => 'Gérer les années académiques',
+            'no_classes' => 'Aucune classe/matière disponible',
+            'no_classes_hint' => "Aucune affectation classe/matière n'existe pour l'année académique active.",
+            'configure_classes' => 'Configurer les classes',
+            'all_deployed' => "Toutes les classes/matières de l'année active ont déjà été déployées pour ce modèle.",
+            'select_title' => 'Sélectionner les classes/matières à déployer',
+            'select_all' => 'Tout sélectionner',
+            'deselect_all' => 'Tout désélectionner',
+            'col_class' => 'Classe',
+            'col_subject_coeff' => 'Matière · coeff.',
+            'col_planned_date' => 'Date planifiée',
+            'coeff' => 'coeff. :n',
+            'selected_summary' => ':count classe(s) sélectionnée(s)',
+            'with_date' => ':count avec date planifiée',
+            'generating' => 'Génération...',
+            'generate' => 'Générer :count évaluation(s)',
+            'generated' => 'Évaluations générées',
+            'empty' => 'Aucune évaluation déployée. Utilisez le bouton ci-dessus pour déployer ce modèle.',
+            'col_subject' => 'Matière',
+            'col_subject_coeff2' => 'Coeff. matière',
+            'col_date' => 'Date',
+            'col_status' => 'Statut',
+            'col_progress' => 'Progression',
+            'col_actions' => 'Actions',
+            'status_completed' => 'Terminée',
+            'status_scheduled' => 'Planifiée',
+            'marks' => 'Notes',
+            'delete_eval_title' => 'Supprimer cette évaluation ?',
+            'delete_eval_desc' => 'Toutes les notes saisies pour cette évaluation seront perdues.',
+        ],
+    ],
+
+    'official' => [
+        'index' => [
+            'head' => 'Examens officiels',
+            'subtitle' => 'CEPD, BEPC, Baccalauréat — année :year.',
+            'new' => 'Nouvel examen',
+            'year' => 'Année académique',
+            'active_suffix' => 'active',
+            'search' => 'Recherche',
+            'search_ph' => "Nom de l'examen...",
+            'type' => 'Type',
+            'all' => 'Tous',
+            'session' => 'Session',
+            'all_sessions' => 'Toutes',
+            'status' => 'Statut',
+            'all_statuses' => 'Tous',
+            'reset' => 'Réinitialiser les filtres (:count)',
+            'col_type' => 'Type',
+            'col_exam' => 'Examen',
+            'col_class' => 'Classe',
+            'col_session' => 'Session',
+            'col_date' => 'Date',
+            'col_center' => 'Centre',
+            'col_registered' => 'Inscrits',
+            'col_admitted' => 'Admis',
+            'col_status' => 'Statut',
+            'col_actions' => 'Actions',
+            'empty' => 'Aucun examen pour ces critères.',
+            'manage' => 'Gérer',
+            'total' => ':count examen(s)',
+            'create_title' => 'Nouvel examen officiel',
+            'attached' => "Rattaché à l'année académique active:suffix.",
+            'form_type' => 'Type *',
+            'form_year' => 'Année (calendaire) *',
+            'form_name' => 'Nom / Libellé *',
+            'name_ph' => 'Ex: BEPC 2026 - Session normale',
+            'form_session' => 'Session',
+            'form_date' => "Date d'examen",
+            'form_class' => 'Classe *',
+            'choose_class' => 'Choisir une classe',
+            'form_center' => "Centre d'examen",
+            'center_ph' => 'Ex: Lycée de Tokoin',
+            'delete_title' => 'Supprimer cet examen ?',
+            'delete_desc' => 'Toutes les inscriptions et résultats associés seront supprimés.',
+        ],
+
+        'show' => [
+            'class_prefix' => 'Classe : :name',
+            'register_students' => 'Inscrire des élèves',
+            'save_results' => 'Enregistrer les résultats',
+            'registered' => 'Inscrits',
+            'admitted' => 'Admis',
+            'failed' => 'Échoués',
+            'success_rate' => 'Taux de réussite',
+            'col_student' => 'Élève',
+            'col_table_no' => 'N° table',
+            'col_series' => 'Série',
+            'col_status' => 'Statut',
+            'col_average' => 'Moyenne',
+            'col_mention' => 'Mention',
+            'empty' => 'Aucun élève inscrit. Cliquez sur « Inscrire des élèves ».',
+            'all_registered' => 'Tous les élèves sont déjà inscrits.',
+            'selected' => ':count sélectionné(s)',
+            'register' => 'Inscrire',
+        ],
+    ],
+
+    'planning' => [
+        'head' => 'Planning des examens',
+        'title' => 'Planning des examens',
+        'subtitle' => "Planifiez et visualisez les dates d'examens par classe",
+        'export' => 'Exporter / Imprimer',
+        'class' => 'Classe',
+        'select_class' => 'Sélectionner une classe',
+        'all_classes' => '— Toutes les classes —',
+        'period' => 'Période',
+        'all_periods' => 'Toutes les périodes',
+        'no_date_alert_1' => ':count évaluation(s) sans date planifiée. Cliquez sur',
+        'no_date_alert_2' => 'pour les planifier.',
+        'select_prompt' => 'Sélectionnez une classe pour afficher son planning',
+        'no_classes' => "Aucune classe avec des évaluations déployées pour l'année active.",
+        'count' => ':count évaluation(s)',
+        'empty_base' => 'Aucune évaluation pour cette classe',
+        'and_period' => ' et cette période',
+        'col_subject' => 'Matière',
+        'col_template' => 'Modèle',
+        'col_period' => 'Période',
+        'col_type' => 'Type',
+        'col_coeff' => 'Coeff.',
+        'col_datetime' => 'Date & heure',
+        'col_status' => 'Statut',
+        'col_progress' => 'Progression',
+        'col_actions' => 'Actions',
+        'time' => 'Heure',
+        'date_first' => "Renseignez d'abord la date",
+        'validate' => 'Valider',
+        'not_scheduled' => 'Non planifiée',
+        'status_completed' => 'Terminée',
+        'status_scheduled' => 'Planifiée',
+        'edit_reschedule' => 'Modifier / reporter',
+        'delete_title' => 'Supprimer cette planification ?',
+        'delete_desc_1' => "L'évaluation « :template » en :subject sera retirée du planning.",
+        'delete_desc_warn' => ':count note(s) saisie(s) seront également supprimées. Cette action est irréversible.',
+    ],
+
+    'marks' => [
+        'head' => 'Notes — :name',
+        'coeff_exam' => 'Coeff. examen',
+        'coeff_subject' => 'Coeff. matière',
+        'on' => 'Sur',
+        'saving' => 'Enregistrement...',
+        'saved' => 'Enregistré !',
+        'save_marks' => 'Enregistrer les notes',
+        'locked_title' => 'Évaluation clôturée',
+        'locked_hint' => 'La saisie de notes est désactivée depuis le :date. Utilisez le bouton "Réclamation" pour demander une correction de note.',
+        'students' => 'Élèves',
+        'graded' => 'Notés',
+        'absent' => 'Absents',
+        'avg_saved' => 'Moy. sauvegardée',
+        'grid_locked' => 'Notes enregistrées (lecture seule)',
+        'grid_entry' => 'Saisie des notes',
+        'status_completed' => 'Terminée',
+        'status_scheduled' => 'Planifiée',
+        'no_students' => 'Aucun élève inscrit dans cette classe.',
+        'col_matricule' => 'Matricule',
+        'col_student' => 'Élève',
+        'col_mark' => 'Note /:max',
+        'col_absent' => 'Absent',
+        'col_comment' => 'Appréciation',
+        'col_appeal' => 'Réclamation',
+        'absent_mark' => 'Absent',
+        'comment_ph' => 'Appréciation...',
+        'appeal' => 'Réclamation',
+        'locked_footer' => 'Évaluation clôturée — la saisie est désactivée. Cliquez sur "Réclamation" pour demander une correction.',
+        'entered_count' => ':count note(s) saisie(s)',
+        'absent_count' => ':count absent(s)',
+        'of_students' => '/ :total élèves',
+    ],
+
+    'evaluations' => [
+        'index' => [
+            'head' => 'Évaluations par classe',
+            'title' => 'Évaluations par classe',
+            'subtitle' => 'Évaluations générées depuis les modèles, par classe et matière',
+            'manage_templates' => 'Gérer les modèles',
+            'search_ph' => 'Classe, matière, modèle...',
+            'class' => 'Classe',
+            'all_classes' => 'Toutes les classes',
+            'subject' => 'Matière',
+            'all_subjects' => 'Toutes les matières',
+            'type' => 'Type',
+            'all_types' => 'Tous les types',
+            'period' => 'Période',
+            'all_periods' => 'Toutes les périodes',
+            'status' => 'Statut',
+            'all_statuses' => 'Tous les statuts',
+            'scheduled' => 'Planifiée',
+            'completed' => 'Terminée',
+            'scheduling' => 'Planification',
+            'all' => 'Toutes',
+            'with_date' => 'Avec date',
+            'without_date' => 'Sans date',
+            'filter' => 'Filtrer',
+            'active_filters' => ':count filtre(s) actif(s)',
+            'reset' => 'Réinitialiser',
+            'col_template' => 'Modèle',
+            'col_class' => 'Classe',
+            'col_subject' => 'Matière',
+            'col_period' => 'Période',
+            'col_coeff' => 'Coeff.',
+            'col_date' => 'Date',
+            'col_status' => 'Statut',
+            'col_progress' => 'Progression',
+            'col_actions' => 'Actions',
+            'empty' => 'Aucune évaluation. Créez des modèles et déployez-les par classe.',
+            'locked' => 'Clôturée',
+            'marks' => 'Notes',
+            'lock' => 'Clôturer',
+            'unlock' => 'Déclôturer',
+            'total' => ':count évaluation(s) au total',
+            'delete_title' => 'Supprimer cette évaluation ?',
+            'delete_desc' => 'Toutes les notes associées seront perdues.',
+        ],
+
+        'show' => [
+            'head' => ':template — :class',
+            'students' => 'Élèves',
+            'graded' => 'Notés',
+            'absent' => 'Absents',
+            'avg' => 'Moyenne /:max',
+            'status_completed' => 'Terminée',
+            'status_scheduled' => 'Planifiée',
+            'enter_marks' => 'Saisir les notes',
+            'min_label' => 'Min :',
+            'max_label' => 'Max :',
+            'avg_label' => 'Moyenne :',
+            'marks_entered' => 'Notes saisies',
+            'no_marks' => 'Aucune note encore saisie.',
+            'col_matricule' => 'Matricule',
+            'col_student' => 'Élève',
+            'col_mark' => 'Note',
+            'col_comment' => 'Appréciation',
+            'absent_mark' => 'Absent',
+        ],
+    ],
+];
diff --git a/lang/fr/menu.php b/lang/fr/menu.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..b8db70fb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lang/fr/menu.php
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+<?php
+
+return [
+    'dashboard' => 'Tableau de bord',
+    'calendar' => 'Calendrier',
+
+    'students' => 'Élèves',
+    'students_list' => 'Élèves',
+    'enrollments' => 'Inscriptions & Paiements',
+    'roster' => 'Effectifs / Listes',
+    'promotion' => 'Passage de classe',
+    'student_stats' => 'Statistiques élèves',
+    'student_scholarships' => "Bourses d'étudiants",
+    'timetable' => 'Emploi du temps',
+
+    'attendance' => 'Présences',
+    'attendance_entry' => "Saisie de l'appel",
+    'attendance_stats' => 'Statistiques',
+    'absence_permissions' => 'Demandes de permission',
+
+    'exams' => 'Examens',
+    'evaluation_templates' => "Modèles d'évaluation",
+    'evaluations' => 'Évaluations par classe',
+    'exam_planning' => 'Planning des examens',
+    'official_exams' => 'Examens officiels',
+
+    'grades' => 'Notes',
+    'grades_entry' => 'Saisie de notes',
+    'bulletins' => 'Bulletins',
+    'bulletin_template' => 'Modèle de bulletin',
+    'note_reclamations' => 'Réclamations',
+
+    'accounting' => 'Comptabilité',
+    'accounting_overview' => "Vue d'ensemble",
+    'transactions' => 'Journal des transactions',
+    'new_expense' => 'Nouvelle dépense',
+    'situation' => 'Situation par classe',
+    'cash_accounts' => 'Caisses',
+    'verify_receipt' => 'Vérifier un reçu',
+
+    'payroll' => 'Personnel & Paie',
+    'payroll_overview' => "Vue d'ensemble",
+    'personnel' => 'Personnel',
+    'pay_runs' => 'Cycles de paie',
+    'salary_grades' => 'Grilles salariales',
+    'salary_components' => 'Rubriques de paie',
+    'payroll_settings' => 'Réglages (CNSS, ITS)',
+
+    'archives' => 'Archives',
+    'archived_documents' => 'Documents archivés',
+    'tags' => 'Tags',
+
+    'administration' => 'Administration',
+    'users' => 'Utilisateurs',
+    'roles' => 'Rôles',
+    'permissions' => 'Permissions',
+    'subject_assignments' => 'Affectations',
+    'audit_logs' => "Journal d'audit",
+    'portal_access' => 'Accès portail',
+
+    'statistics' => 'Statistiques',
+
+    'settings' => 'Paramètres',
+    'school' => 'École',
+    'classrooms' => 'Classes',
+    'classroom_types' => 'Types de classes',
+    'subjects' => 'Matières',
+    'countries' => 'Pays',
+    'evaluation_types' => "Types d'évaluation",
+    'academic_years' => 'Années académiques',
+    'academic_periods' => 'Périodes académiques',
+    'fee_categories' => 'Catégories de frais',
+    'fee_structures' => 'Structures de frais',
+    'scholarships' => 'Bourses',
+    'grading_configs' => 'Calcul des moyennes',
+    'file_storage' => 'Fichiers & Stockage',
+    'document_templates' => 'Modèles de documents',
+    'backups' => 'Sauvegardes',
+    'about' => 'À propos',
+
+    'my_account' => 'Mon compte',
+];
diff --git a/lang/fr/notes.php b/lang/fr/notes.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..ed0897cb
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lang/fr/notes.php
@@ -0,0 +1,193 @@
+<?php
+
+return [
+    'grades' => [
+        'index' => [
+            'head' => 'Saisie des Notes',
+            'year' => 'Année scolaire : :year',
+            'no_year' => 'Aucune année scolaire active',
+            'saving' => 'Enregistrement...',
+            'saved' => 'Enregistré !',
+            'save' => 'Enregistrer les notes',
+            'select_class' => 'Sélectionner une classe',
+            'select_subject' => 'Sélectionner une matière',
+            'select_period' => 'Sélectionner une période',
+            'current' => 'en cours',
+            'coef' => 'coef. :n',
+            'no_subjects' => "Aucune matière assignée à cette classe pour l'année en cours.",
+            'stat_students' => 'Élèves inscrits',
+            'stat_graded' => 'Notes saisies',
+            'stat_average' => 'Moyenne de classe',
+            'stat_rate' => 'Taux de saisie',
+            'subheader' => ':period — Coefficient :coef — Notes sur 20',
+            'col_matricule' => 'Matricule',
+            'col_name' => 'Nom & Prénom',
+            'col_mark' => 'Note /20',
+            'col_comment' => 'Appréciation',
+            'col_bulletin' => 'Bulletin',
+            'comment_ph' => 'Appréciation...',
+            'bulletin' => 'Bulletin',
+            'empty_class' => 'Aucun élève inscrit dans cette classe',
+            'empty_class_hint' => 'Inscrivez des élèves pour saisir leurs notes.',
+            'initial' => 'Sélectionnez une classe pour commencer',
+            'initial_hint' => 'Choisissez ensuite la matière et le trimestre.',
+        ],
+
+        'student' => [
+            'head' => 'Bulletin — :name',
+            'matricule_label' => 'Matricule :',
+            'class_label' => 'Classe :',
+            'general_average' => 'Moyenne générale',
+            'rank' => 'Rang',
+            'mention' => 'Mention',
+            'graded_subjects' => 'Matières notées',
+            'transcript' => 'Relevé de notes — :period',
+            'total_coef' => 'Total des coefficients : :total',
+            'col_subject' => 'Matière',
+            'col_coef' => 'Coef.',
+            'col_mark' => 'Note /20',
+            'col_weighted' => 'Pondérée',
+            'col_rank' => 'Rang',
+            'col_comment' => 'Appréciation',
+            'no_subjects' => 'Aucune matière assignée à cette classe.',
+            'not_enrolled' => 'Élève non inscrit cette année',
+            'not_enrolled_hint' => "Cet élève n'a pas d'inscription active pour l'année scolaire en cours.",
+            'ord_first' => '1er',
+            'ord_suffix' => 'e',
+        ],
+    ],
+
+    'bulletins' => [
+        'index' => [
+            'head' => 'Bulletins',
+            'subtitle' => 'Générez et figez les bulletins par classe et période',
+            'download_class' => 'Télécharger toute la classe (:count)',
+            'choose_class' => 'Choisir une classe',
+            'choose_period' => 'Choisir une période',
+            'current' => 'en cours',
+            'validate_hint' => 'Valider fige les bulletins (notes, rangs, mentions) et permet le téléchargement PDF.',
+            'validated_count' => ':count/:total validé(s)',
+            'observations_ph' => "Observations du Chef d'Établissement (appliquées à toute la classe, optionnel)",
+            'revalidate' => 'Re-valider les bulletins de la classe',
+            'validate' => 'Valider les bulletins de la classe',
+            'revalidate_note' => 'Une re-validation recalcule notes et rangs mais conserve vos éditions manuelles (appréciations, observations, décision, discipline).',
+            'confirm_title' => 'Re-valider :count bulletin(s) déjà figé(s) ?',
+            'confirm_desc' => 'Les notes, moyennes et rangs seront recalculés. Par défaut, vos éditions manuelles (appréciations, observations, décision, discipline) sont conservées.',
+            'regen_all' => 'Tout régénérer',
+            'regen_all_desc' => '— repartir de zéro et effacer les éditions manuelles.',
+            'regen_action' => 'Régénérer (efface les éditions)',
+            'revalidate_action' => 'Re-valider (conserve les éditions)',
+            'devalidate_title' => 'Dévalider le bulletin de :name ?',
+            'devalidate_desc' => "Le bulletin figé sera supprimé, y compris ses éditions manuelles. L'élève repassera en « brouillon » et pourra être re-validé. Cette action est irréversible.",
+            'devalidate' => 'Dévalider',
+            'col_student' => 'Élève',
+            'col_average' => 'Moyenne',
+            'col_rank' => 'Rang',
+            'col_mention' => 'Mention',
+            'col_status' => 'Statut',
+            'col_bulletin' => 'Bulletin',
+            'empty' => 'Aucun élève actif dans cette classe.',
+            'status_validated' => 'Validé',
+            'status_draft' => 'Brouillon',
+            'edit' => 'Éditer',
+            'devalidate_label' => 'Dévalider ce bulletin',
+            'ord_first' => '1er',
+            'ord_suffix' => 'e',
+        ],
+
+        'edit' => [
+            'head' => 'Éditer le bulletin',
+            'matricule_label' => 'Matricule',
+            'saving' => 'Enregistrement…',
+            'appreciations' => 'Appréciations par matière',
+            'col_subject' => 'Matière',
+            'col_average' => 'Moyenne',
+            'col_appreciation' => 'Appréciation',
+            'appreciation_ph' => 'Appréciation du professeur',
+            'discipline' => 'Discipline & décision',
+            'lateness' => 'Retards (auto)',
+            'absences' => 'Absences (auto)',
+            'punishments' => 'Punitions',
+            'exclusions' => 'Exclusions',
+            'decision' => 'Décision du conseil',
+            'decision_ph' => "Ex : Tableau d'honneur, Félicitations, Avertissement…",
+            'observations' => "Observations du Chef d'Établissement",
+            'observations_ph' => 'Observations',
+        ],
+    ],
+
+    'reclamations' => [
+        'status' => [
+            'pending' => 'En attente',
+            'approved' => 'Approuvée',
+            'rejected' => 'Rejetée',
+        ],
+
+        'index' => [
+            'head' => 'Réclamations de notes',
+            'subtitle' => 'Demandes de correction sur évaluations clôturées',
+            'pending_badge' => ':count en attente de traitement',
+            'all_statuses' => 'Tous les statuts',
+            'status_pending' => 'En attente',
+            'status_approved' => 'Approuvées',
+            'status_rejected' => 'Rejetées',
+            'col_date' => 'Date',
+            'col_student' => 'Élève',
+            'col_evaluation' => 'Évaluation',
+            'col_requested_by' => 'Demandé par',
+            'col_original' => 'Score orig.',
+            'col_requested' => 'Score dem.',
+            'col_status' => 'Statut',
+            'col_action' => 'Action',
+            'empty' => 'Aucune réclamation.',
+            'process' => 'Traiter',
+            'view' => 'Voir',
+            'total' => ':count réclamation(s)',
+        ],
+
+        'create' => [
+            'head' => 'Déposer une réclamation',
+            'subtitle' => "Correction d'une note sur évaluation clôturée",
+            'locked' => 'Évaluation clôturée',
+            'on_max' => 'Sur :max',
+            'student_concerned' => 'Élève concerné',
+            'pending_exists' => 'Réclamation déjà en cours',
+            'pending_exists_hint' => 'Une réclamation est déjà en attente de traitement pour cet élève.',
+            'current_score' => 'Note actuelle (enregistrée)',
+            'requested_score' => 'Note souhaitée',
+            'reason' => 'Raison de la réclamation *',
+            'reason_ph' => 'Décrivez le motif de la réclamation (erreur de saisie, absent justifié, etc.)',
+            'submitting' => 'Envoi...',
+            'submit' => 'Déposer la réclamation',
+            'view_reclamations' => 'Voir les réclamations',
+        ],
+
+        'show' => [
+            'head' => 'Réclamation — :name',
+            'title' => 'Détail de la réclamation',
+            'filed_on' => 'Déposée le :date',
+            'student' => 'Élève',
+            'evaluation' => 'Évaluation',
+            'score_registered' => 'Note enregistrée',
+            'score_requested' => 'Note souhaitée',
+            'score_corrected' => 'Note corrigée',
+            'reason_label' => 'Motif de la réclamation',
+            'requested_by' => 'Demandé par :name',
+            'decision' => 'Décision — :status',
+            'reviewed_by' => 'Par :name',
+            'process_title' => 'Traiter la réclamation',
+            'approve' => 'Approuver',
+            'reject' => 'Rejeter',
+            'approving' => 'Approbation de la réclamation',
+            'rejecting' => 'Rejet de la réclamation',
+            'corrected_score_label' => 'Note corrigée *',
+            'internal_note' => 'Note interne (optionnel)',
+            'reject_reason' => 'Motif du rejet',
+            'internal_note_ph' => 'Remarques éventuelles...',
+            'reject_reason_ph' => 'Expliquez pourquoi la réclamation est rejetée...',
+            'saving' => 'Enregistrement...',
+            'confirm_approve' => "Confirmer l'approbation",
+            'confirm_reject' => 'Confirmer le rejet',
+        ],
+    ],
+];
diff --git a/lang/fr/paie.php b/lang/fr/paie.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..9c65d05a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lang/fr/paie.php
@@ -0,0 +1,130 @@
+<?php
+
+return [
+    'months' => [
+        1 => 'Janvier',
+        2 => 'Février',
+        3 => 'Mars',
+        4 => 'Avril',
+        5 => 'Mai',
+        6 => 'Juin',
+        7 => 'Juillet',
+        8 => 'Août',
+        9 => 'Septembre',
+        10 => 'Octobre',
+        11 => 'Novembre',
+        12 => 'Décembre',
+    ],
+
+    'status' => [
+        'draft' => 'Brouillon',
+        'validated' => 'Validé',
+        'paid' => 'Payé',
+        'cancelled' => 'Annulé',
+    ],
+
+    'line_type' => [
+        'earning' => 'Gain',
+        'deduction' => 'Retenue',
+    ],
+
+    'index' => [
+        'head' => 'Cycles de paie',
+        'subtitle' => 'Générez, validez et décaissez la paie mensuelle.',
+        'new' => 'Nouveau cycle',
+        'search_ph' => 'Référence, libellé...',
+        'all_statuses' => 'Tous les statuts',
+        'all_years' => 'Toutes les années',
+        'all_months' => 'Tous les mois',
+        'search' => 'Rechercher',
+        'reset' => 'Réinit.',
+        'count' => ':count cycle(s)',
+        'filtered' => '— filtrés',
+        'per_page' => 'Lignes par page :',
+        'col_period' => 'Période',
+        'col_reference' => 'Référence',
+        'col_payslips' => 'Bulletins',
+        'col_net' => 'Total net',
+        'col_status' => 'Statut',
+        'col_actions' => 'Actions',
+        'empty' => 'Aucun cycle de paie',
+        'view' => 'Voir le détail',
+        'delete' => 'Supprimer le cycle',
+        'range' => ':from–:to sur :total',
+        'delete_title' => 'Supprimer ce cycle de paie ?',
+        'delete_desc_prefix' => '« :period » et ses :count bulletin(s) seront supprimés définitivement. ',
+        'delete_desc_paid' => 'Le cycle étant payé, les caisses seront recréditées et les écritures comptables supprimées.',
+        'delete_desc_irreversible' => 'Cette action est irréversible.',
+        'cancel' => 'Annuler',
+        'delete_btn' => 'Supprimer',
+    ],
+
+    'create' => [
+        'head' => 'Nouveau cycle de paie',
+        'title' => 'Nouveau cycle de paie',
+        'subtitle' => 'Un bulletin sera généré pour chaque employé actif.',
+        'period' => 'Période',
+        'month' => 'Mois *',
+        'year' => 'Année *',
+        'label' => 'Libellé (optionnel)',
+        'label_ph' => "Ex: Paie de fin d'année",
+        'employees_info' => ':count employé(s) actif(s) — un bulletin par employé.',
+        'components_info' => ':count rubrique(s) automatique(s) appliquée(s).',
+        'draft_note' => 'Vous pourrez ajuster chaque bulletin tant que le cycle est en brouillon.',
+        'generating' => 'Génération...',
+        'generate' => 'Générer le cycle',
+        'cancel' => 'Annuler',
+        'no_employees' => "Ajoutez d'abord des employés actifs.",
+    ],
+
+    'show' => [
+        'head' => 'Paie :period',
+        'title' => 'Paie :period',
+        'disbursed_on' => ' — décaissé sur :account',
+        'validate' => 'Valider',
+        'cancel' => 'Annuler',
+        'pay' => 'Payer',
+        'cancel_pay' => 'Annuler la paie',
+        'delete' => 'Supprimer',
+        'total_earnings' => 'Total des gains',
+        'total_deductions' => 'Total des retenues',
+        'net_mass' => 'Masse salariale nette',
+        'payslips_count' => ':count bulletin(s)',
+        'search_ph' => 'Rechercher un employé…',
+        'col_employee' => 'Employé',
+        'col_earnings' => 'Gains',
+        'col_deductions' => 'Retenues',
+        'col_net' => 'Net à payer',
+        'empty' => 'Aucun bulletin trouvé.',
+        'download_payslip' => 'Télécharger le bulletin',
+        'edit' => 'Éditer',
+        'range' => ':from–:to sur :total',
+        'editor_title' => 'Bulletin — :name',
+        'line_label_ph' => 'Libellé',
+        'remove' => 'Retirer',
+        'add_line' => 'Ajouter une ligne',
+        'net' => 'Net : :amount',
+        'cancel_btn' => 'Annuler',
+        'save' => 'Enregistrer',
+        'pay_title' => 'Décaisser la paie',
+        'pay_amount' => 'Masse nette à décaisser : :amount.',
+        'cash_account' => 'Caisse *',
+        'select_cash' => 'Sélectionner une caisse',
+        'cash_balance' => ':name — solde :balance',
+        'over_balance' => 'Le solde de la caisse est insuffisant : elle deviendra négative.',
+        'confirm_payment' => 'Confirmer le paiement',
+        'confirm_validate_title' => 'Valider ce cycle ?',
+        'confirm_cancel_title' => 'Annuler ce cycle ?',
+        'confirm_validate_desc' => 'Les bulletins ne seront plus modifiables. Vous pourrez ensuite décaisser la paie.',
+        'confirm_cancel_paid_desc' => 'La paie sera annulée : les caisses seront recréditées et les écritures comptables supprimées.',
+        'confirm_cancel_desc' => 'Le cycle sera annulé.',
+        'back' => 'Retour',
+        'validate_action' => 'Valider',
+        'cancel_action' => 'Annuler le cycle',
+        'delete_title' => 'Supprimer ce cycle de paie ?',
+        'delete_desc_prefix' => '« :period » et ses :count bulletin(s) seront supprimés définitivement.',
+        'delete_desc_paid' => 'Le cycle étant payé, les caisses seront recréditées et les écritures comptables supprimées.',
+        'delete_desc_irreversible' => 'Cette action est irréversible.',
+        'delete_btn' => 'Supprimer',
+    ],
+];
diff --git a/lang/fr/parametres.php b/lang/fr/parametres.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3d865e95
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lang/fr/parametres.php
@@ -0,0 +1,1092 @@
+<?php
+
+return [
+    'common' => [
+        'view' => 'Voir',
+        'edit' => 'Modifier',
+        'delete' => 'Supprimer',
+        'cancel' => 'Annuler',
+        'save' => 'Enregistrer',
+        'search' => 'Rechercher',
+        'clear' => 'Effacer',
+        'prev' => 'Précédent',
+        'next' => 'Suivant',
+        'showing' => 'Affichage :from à :to sur :total',
+        'actions' => 'Actions',
+        'irreversible' => 'Cette action est irréversible.',
+        'creating' => 'Création...',
+        'updating' => 'Mise à jour...',
+        'update' => 'Mettre à jour',
+        'created_at' => 'Date de création',
+        'created_on' => 'Créé le',
+        'updated_on' => 'Dernière modification',
+    ],
+
+    'countries' => [
+        'head' => 'Pays',
+        'title' => 'Pays',
+        'subtitle' => 'Gérez la liste des pays (nationalités, origines).',
+        'new' => 'Nouveau pays',
+        'search_ph' => 'Rechercher un pays (nom, code)…',
+        'th_name' => 'Nom',
+        'th_code' => 'Code',
+        'empty' => 'Aucun pays trouvé',
+        'delete_q' => 'Supprimer ce pays ?',
+        'create_head' => 'Créer un pays',
+        'create_title' => 'Créer un pays',
+        'create_subtitle' => 'Renseignez le nom et le code du pays.',
+        'edit_head' => 'Éditer :name',
+        'edit_title' => 'Éditer un pays',
+        'edit_subtitle' => 'Mettez à jour les informations de :name.',
+        'form_section' => 'Informations du pays',
+        'name' => 'Nom',
+        'name_ph' => 'Ex : Togo',
+        'code' => 'Code',
+        'code_ph' => 'Ex : TG',
+        'code_hint' => 'Code unique (ex. ISO : TG, BJ, CI…).',
+        'submit_create' => 'Créer le pays',
+    ],
+
+    'schools' => [
+        'active' => 'Active',
+        'inactive' => 'Inactive',
+        'section_general' => 'Informations générales',
+        'terme_entity' => 'Terme / Entité',
+        'devise' => 'Devise',
+        'email' => 'E-mail',
+        'phone' => 'Téléphone',
+        'section_location' => 'Localisation',
+        'region' => 'Région',
+        'city' => 'Ville',
+        'po_box' => 'Boîte postale',
+        'address' => 'Adresse',
+        'section_events' => 'Événements',
+        'created_on' => 'Créée le',
+        'updated_on' => 'Modifiée le',
+
+        'create_head' => 'Nouvelle école',
+        'create_title' => 'Configurer l\'école',
+        'create_subtitle' => 'Renseignez les informations de l\'établissement.',
+        'edit_head' => 'Éditer :name',
+        'edit_title' => 'Paramètres de l\'école',
+        'edit_subtitle' => 'Informations, logo, en-tête et devise de :name.',
+
+        'section_identity' => 'Identité de l\'école',
+        'name' => 'Nom',
+        'name_ph' => 'Ex : Lycée Jean Jaurès',
+        'code' => 'Code',
+        'code_ph' => 'Ex : LJJ001',
+        'terme' => 'Terme / Entité supérieure',
+        'terme_ph' => 'Ex : République Togolaise',
+        'ministry' => 'Ministère de tutelle',
+        'ministry_ph' => 'Ex : Ministère des Enseignements Primaire, Secondaire et Technique',
+        'ministry_hint' => 'Affiché en haut à gauche de l\'en-tête officiel des documents.',
+        'devise_label' => 'Devise (slogan) de l\'école',
+        'devise_ph' => 'Ex : Travail, Liberté, Patrie',
+        'currency' => 'Monnaie (comptabilité)',
+        'section_logo' => 'Logo et contact',
+        'logo_label' => 'Logo de l\'école',
+        'change_logo' => 'Changer le logo',
+        'choose_image' => 'Choisir une image',
+        'logo_hint' => 'JPG, PNG, WebP — max 2 Mo',
+        'email_label' => 'E-mail',
+        'email_ph' => 'contact@ecole.com',
+        'phone_label' => 'Téléphone',
+        'phone_ph' => '+228 XX XX XX XX',
+        'region_label' => 'Région',
+        'city_label' => 'Ville',
+        'po_box_label' => 'Boîte postale',
+        'po_box_ph' => 'BP 123',
+        'address_label' => 'Adresse complète',
+        'section_class_types' => 'Types de classe proposés',
+        'no_class_types' => 'Aucun type de classe disponible. Créez-en d\'abord dans Paramètres → Types de classes.',
+        'semester' => 'Semestre (2 périodes)',
+        'trimester' => 'Trimestre (3 périodes)',
+        'section_status' => 'Statut',
+        'active_label' => 'École active',
+        'portal_label' => 'Accès au portail parents / élèves',
+        'portal_hint' => 'Lorsque désactivé, la connexion et toutes les fonctionnalités de l\'espace parents/élèves sont bloquées.',
+        'submit_create' => 'Créer l\'école',
+    ],
+
+    'about' => [
+        'head' => 'À propos',
+        'intro' => 'Système de gestion scolaire — de l\'inscription de l\'élève au bulletin, en passant par l\'écolage et la paie. Pensé pour les établissements togolais 🇹🇬.',
+        'section_covers' => 'Ce que couvre l\'application',
+        'section_license' => 'Éditeur & licence',
+        'edited_by' => 'Édité par',
+        'license' => 'Licence',
+        'license_value' => 'GNU GPL v3 — logiciel libre',
+        'rights' => 'Droits',
+        'license_note' => 'Vous pouvez utiliser, étudier, modifier et redistribuer ce logiciel selon les termes de la GPL v3.',
+        'section_tech' => 'Informations techniques',
+        'app_version' => 'Version de l\'application',
+        'environment' => 'Environnement',
+        'section_support' => 'Besoin d\'aide ?',
+        'support_before' => 'Consultez d\'abord la',
+        'link_docs' => 'documentation',
+        'support_middle' => '. Pour signaler un problème ou proposer une amélioration, ouvrez un ticket sur le',
+        'link_repo' => 'dépôt GitHub',
+        'modules' => [
+            'students' => ['title' => 'Élèves & inscriptions', 'desc' => 'Dossiers complets, inscriptions, passage de classe, bourses.'],
+            'grades' => ['title' => 'Notes & bulletins', 'desc' => 'Saisie, moyennes paramétrables, bulletins PDF, réclamations.'],
+            'attendance' => ['title' => 'Présences', 'desc' => 'Appel par séance, statistiques d\'assiduité, permissions d\'absence.'],
+            'exams' => ['title' => 'Examens officiels', 'desc' => 'CEPD, BEPC, BAC : inscriptions, planning, résultats.'],
+            'finance' => ['title' => 'Finances & recouvrement', 'desc' => 'Frais, factures, paiements (dont Mobile Money), reçus.'],
+            'payroll' => ['title' => 'Personnel & paie', 'desc' => 'Fiches employés, cycles de paie, bulletins (CNSS, ITS).'],
+            'timetable' => ['title' => 'Emploi du temps & calendrier', 'desc' => 'Grilles par classe, calendrier de l\'établissement.'],
+            'backups' => ['title' => 'Sauvegardes & statistiques', 'desc' => 'Sauvegardes planifiées, tableaux de bord et exports.'],
+        ],
+        'links' => [
+            'docs' => ['title' => 'Documentation', 'sub' => 'Guide de A à Z'],
+            'website' => ['title' => 'Site web', 'sub' => 'Présentation & fonctionnalités'],
+            'source' => ['title' => 'Code source', 'sub' => 'Dépôt GitHub'],
+            'changelog' => ['title' => 'Journal des versions', 'sub' => 'Historique des évolutions'],
+        ],
+    ],
+
+    'evaluation_types' => [
+        'head' => 'Types d\'évaluation',
+        'title' => 'Types d\'évaluation',
+        'subtitle' => 'Gérez les types d\'évaluation',
+        'new' => 'Nouveau type',
+        'stat_total' => 'Types totaux',
+        'stat_shown' => 'Résultats affichés',
+        'stat_page' => 'Page',
+        'search_ph' => 'Rechercher un type...',
+        'th_name' => 'Nom',
+        'th_description' => 'Description',
+        'th_created' => 'Créé le',
+        'empty' => 'Aucun type trouvé',
+        'delete_q' => 'Supprimer ce type ?',
+
+        'create_head' => 'Créer un type d\'évaluation',
+        'create_title' => 'Créer un type d\'évaluation',
+        'create_subtitle' => 'Renseignez les informations du type d\'évaluation.',
+        'edit_head' => 'Modifier type d\'évaluation',
+        'edit_title' => 'Éditer un type d\'évaluation',
+        'edit_subtitle' => 'Mettez à jour les informations de :name.',
+
+        'show_subtitle' => 'Détails du type d\'évaluation.',
+        'main_info' => 'Informations principales',
+        'name' => 'Nom',
+        'description' => 'Description',
+        'no_description' => 'Aucune description renseignée pour ce type d\'évaluation.',
+        'history' => 'Historique',
+        'created_on' => 'Créé le',
+        'updated_on' => 'Modifié le',
+
+        'form_section' => 'Informations du type d\'évaluation',
+        'name_label' => 'Nom *',
+        'name_ph' => 'Ex: Devoir surveillé',
+        'category_label' => 'Catégorie *',
+        'category_ph' => 'Choisir une catégorie',
+        'category_hint' => 'Détermine si les notes alimentent la « note de classe » ou la « composition » du bulletin.',
+        'cat_continu' => 'Contrôle continu (note de classe)',
+        'cat_composition' => 'Composition (examen)',
+        'description_label' => 'Description',
+        'description_ph' => 'Précisez le contexte pédagogique de ce type d\'évaluation...',
+        'preview' => 'Aperçu',
+        'preview_name' => 'Nom du type',
+        'preview_no_description' => 'Aucune description renseignée.',
+        'submit_create' => 'Créer le type',
+    ],
+
+    'grading_configs' => [
+        'head' => 'Configurations de calcul des moyennes',
+        'title' => 'Calcul des moyennes',
+        'subtitle' => 'Personnalisez la formule de calcul par établissement',
+        'new' => 'Nouvelle configuration',
+        'filter_all' => 'Tous les établissements',
+        'th_name' => 'Nom',
+        'th_school' => 'Établissement',
+        'th_class_type' => 'Type de classe',
+        'th_threshold' => 'Seuil',
+        'th_max' => 'Note max',
+        'th_round' => 'Arrondi',
+        'th_status' => 'Statut',
+        'all_default' => 'Toutes (défaut)',
+        'decimals' => ':n déc.',
+        'active' => 'Active',
+        'inactive' => 'Inactive',
+        'activate' => 'Activer',
+        'empty' => 'Aucune configuration. Créez-en une pour personnaliser le calcul des moyennes.',
+        'count' => ':n configuration(s)',
+        'delete_q' => 'Supprimer cette configuration ?',
+
+        'create_head' => 'Nouvelle configuration de calcul',
+        'create_title' => 'Nouvelle configuration',
+        'create_subtitle' => 'Définissez la formule de calcul des moyennes (par type de classe)',
+        'submit_create' => 'Créer la configuration',
+        'edit_head' => 'Modifier — :name',
+        'edit_title' => 'Modifier la configuration',
+        'saving' => 'Enregistrement...',
+
+        'school_label' => 'Établissement *',
+        'school_ph' => 'Sélectionner un établissement',
+        'class_type_label' => 'Type de classe',
+        'all_classes' => 'Toutes les classes (défaut école)',
+        'class_type_hint' => 'Laissez « Toutes les classes » pour une formule par défaut de l\'école.',
+        'name_label' => 'Nom *',
+        'name_ph' => 'ex : Formule standard 2025',
+        'passing_label' => 'Seuil de passage',
+        'max_label' => 'Note maximale par défaut',
+        'weight_label' => 'Pondération Note de classe / Composition',
+        'class_weight_label' => 'Note de classe (contrôle continu)',
+        'comp_weight_label' => 'Composition',
+        'pct_class' => 'Classe',
+        'pct_comp' => 'Composition',
+        'formula' => 'Moyenne matière = (Classe × :cw + Composition × :pw) / :total.',
+        'precision_label' => 'Précision d\'arrondi',
+        'precision_0' => 'Entier (ex : 12)',
+        'precision_1' => '1 décimale (ex : 12,5)',
+        'precision_2' => '2 décimales (ex : 12,50)',
+        'precision_3' => '3 décimales (ex : 12,500)',
+        'mentions_label' => 'Mentions (seuils)',
+        'add' => 'Ajouter',
+        'no_mentions' => 'Aucune mention configurée.',
+        'mention_label_ph' => 'Libellé (ex : Félicitations)',
+        'mentions_hint' => 'La mention retenue est celle dont le seuil est le plus élevé et inférieur ou égal à la moyenne.',
+    ],
+
+    'subjects' => [
+        'head' => 'Matières',
+        'title' => 'Matières',
+        'subtitle' => 'Gérez les matières enseignées',
+        'new' => 'Nouvelle matière',
+        'stat_total' => 'Matières totales',
+        'stat_shown' => 'Résultats affichés',
+        'stat_page' => 'Page',
+        'search_ph' => 'Rechercher une matière par nom ou code...',
+        'search_results' => 'Résultats pour :',
+        'th_code' => 'Code',
+        'th_name' => 'Nom',
+        'th_description' => 'Description',
+        'no_description' => 'Aucune description',
+        'empty' => 'Aucune matière trouvée',
+        'page_showing' => 'Affichage',
+        'page_to' => 'à',
+        'page_of' => 'sur',
+        'page_unit' => 'matières',
+        'page_label' => 'Page',
+        'delete_title' => 'Supprimer la matière',
+        'delete_desc' => 'Êtes-vous sûr de vouloir supprimer cette matière ? Cette action est irréversible.',
+        'deleting' => 'Suppression...',
+
+        'create_head' => 'Créer une matière',
+        'create_title' => 'Créer une matière',
+        'create_subtitle' => 'Renseignez les informations de la matière.',
+        'edit_head' => 'Éditer :name',
+        'edit_title' => 'Éditer une matière',
+        'edit_subtitle' => 'Mettez à jour les informations de :name.',
+
+        'show_subtitle' => 'Détail et suivi de la matière.',
+        'info_section' => 'Informations de la matière',
+        'description' => 'Description',
+        'show_no_description' => 'Aucune description renseignée pour cette matière.',
+        'history' => 'Historique',
+        'created_on' => 'Créée le',
+        'updated_on' => 'Dernière modification',
+        'summary' => 'Résumé',
+        'summary_before' => 'La matière',
+        'summary_middle' => 'est identifiée par le code',
+        'summary_stats' => 'Les statistiques d\'utilisation seront affichées ici dès qu\'elles seront disponibles.',
+        'edit_this' => 'Modifier cette matière',
+
+        'form_section' => 'Informations de la matière',
+        'code_label' => 'Code *',
+        'code_ph' => 'Ex: MATH101',
+        'code_hint' => 'Code unique utilisé pour identifier la matière.',
+        'name_label' => 'Nom *',
+        'name_ph' => 'Ex: Mathématiques',
+        'parent_label' => 'Matière parente (sous-matière)',
+        'no_parent' => 'Aucune (matière principale)',
+        'parent_hint' => 'Rattachez cette matière à une matière principale pour en faire une sous-matière (ex. « Dictée » sous « Français »).',
+        'description_label' => 'Description',
+        'description_ph' => 'Décrivez brièvement le contenu et les objectifs de la matière...',
+        'description_hint' => 'Optionnel, maximum 1000 caractères.',
+        'preview' => 'Aperçu',
+        'preview_code' => 'CODE',
+        'preview_name' => 'Nom de la matière',
+        'submit_create' => 'Créer la matière',
+    ],
+
+    'fee_categories' => [
+        'head' => 'Catégories de frais',
+        'title' => 'Catégories de frais',
+        'subtitle' => 'Gérez les catégories de frais scolaires',
+        'new' => 'Nouvelle catégorie',
+        'stat_total' => 'Catégories totales',
+        'search_ph' => 'Rechercher par nom ou description...',
+        'th_name' => 'Nom',
+        'th_description' => 'Description',
+        'th_created' => 'Date de création',
+        'empty' => 'Aucune catégorie trouvée',
+        'delete_title' => 'Supprimer la catégorie',
+        'delete_desc' => 'Cette action ne peut pas être annulée. Êtes-vous sûr de vouloir supprimer cette catégorie ?',
+        'deleting' => 'Suppression...',
+
+        'create_head' => 'Nouvelle catégorie de frais',
+        'create_title' => 'Créer une catégorie de frais',
+        'edit_head' => 'Modifier la catégorie de frais',
+        'edit_title' => 'Modifier la catégorie de frais',
+        'identity' => 'Identité de la catégorie',
+        'name_label' => 'Nom *',
+        'name_ph' => 'Ex: Frais de scolarité, Frais de cantine...',
+        'description' => 'Description',
+        'description_ph' => 'Décrivez cette catégorie de frais...',
+        'create' => 'Créer',
+
+        'show_head' => 'Catégorie : :name',
+        'show_title' => 'Détail de la catégorie',
+        'name' => 'Nom',
+        'created_on' => 'Créée le',
+        'show_no_description' => 'Aucune description fournie',
+        'updated_on' => 'Dernière modification',
+        'id' => 'ID',
+        'delete_desc_show' => 'Cette action ne peut pas être annulée. Êtes-vous sûr de vouloir supprimer cette catégorie de frais ?',
+    ],
+
+    'classroom_types' => [
+        'head' => 'Types de classes',
+        'title' => 'Types de classes',
+        'subtitle' => 'Gérez les types de classes disponibles',
+        'new' => 'Nouveau type',
+        'stat_total' => 'Total des types',
+        'stat_active' => 'Types actifs',
+        'stat_page' => 'Page',
+        'search_ph' => 'Rechercher un type...',
+        'reset' => 'Réinitialiser',
+        'th_name' => 'Nom',
+        'th_description' => 'Description',
+        'th_status' => 'État',
+        'empty' => 'Aucun type trouvé',
+        'active' => '✓ Actif',
+        'inactive' => 'Inactif',
+        'page_showing_before' => 'Affichage de',
+        'page_showing_to' => 'à',
+        'page_showing_on' => 'sur',
+        'page_unit' => 'types',
+        'page_label' => 'Page',
+        'page_of' => 'sur',
+        'delete_title' => 'Supprimer le type',
+        'delete_desc' => 'Êtes-vous sûr de vouloir supprimer ce type de classe ? Cette action est irréversible.',
+        'deleting' => 'Suppression...',
+
+        'create_head' => 'Nouveau type de classe',
+        'create_title' => 'Créer un type de classe',
+        'create_subtitle' => 'Renseignez les informations du type.',
+        'edit_head' => 'Éditer :name',
+        'edit_title' => 'Éditer un type de classe',
+        'edit_subtitle' => 'Mettez à jour les informations de :name.',
+
+        'show_status' => 'État',
+        'show_active' => '✓ Actif',
+        'show_inactive' => 'Inactif',
+        'linked_classrooms' => 'Classes associées',
+        'created_on' => 'Créé le',
+        'updated_on' => 'Dernière modification',
+        'classes_using' => 'Classes utilisant ce type',
+        'classes_using_sub' => 'Affichage de toutes les classes assignées à ce type',
+        'no_classroom' => 'Aucune classe n\'utilise ce type pour le moment',
+        'create_classroom' => 'Créer une classe',
+        'cr_name' => 'Nom',
+        'cr_code' => 'Code',
+        'cr_capacity' => 'Capacité',
+        'cr_status' => 'État',
+        'cr_action' => 'Action',
+        'cr_places' => ':n places',
+        'cr_active' => '✓ Active',
+        'cr_inactive' => 'Inactive',
+        'cr_view' => 'Voir',
+
+        'form_section' => 'Informations du type',
+        'name_label' => 'Nom *',
+        'name_ph' => 'Ex: Classe générale',
+        'description_label' => 'Description',
+        'description_ph' => 'Description du type de classe...',
+        'period_label' => 'Système de périodes *',
+        'period_trimestre' => 'Trimestre (3 périodes)',
+        'period_semestre' => 'Semestre (2 périodes)',
+        'period_hint' => 'Détermine le découpage de l\'année (bulletins, évaluations) pour ce type de classe.',
+        'status_section' => 'Statut',
+        'active_label' => 'Type actif',
+        'submit_create' => 'Créer le type',
+    ],
+
+    'scholarships' => [
+        'head' => 'Bourses',
+        'title' => 'Bourses',
+        'subtitle' => 'Gérez les réductions de frais de scolarité',
+        'new' => 'Nouvelle bourse',
+        'stat_total' => 'Bourses totales',
+        'stat_percentage' => 'Bourses en %',
+        'stat_fixed' => 'Montants fixes',
+        'search_ph' => 'Rechercher une bourse...',
+        'search_results' => 'Résultats pour :',
+        'th_name' => 'Nom',
+        'th_type' => 'Type',
+        'th_value' => 'Valeur',
+        'th_created' => 'Date de création',
+        'empty' => 'Aucune bourse trouvée',
+        'type_percentage' => 'Pourcentage',
+        'type_fixed' => 'Montant fixe',
+        'page_showing' => 'Affichage',
+        'page_to' => 'à',
+        'page_of' => 'sur',
+        'page_unit' => 'bourses',
+        'page_label' => 'Page',
+        'delete_title' => 'Supprimer la bourse',
+        'delete_desc' => 'Êtes-vous sûr de vouloir supprimer cette bourse ? Cette action est irréversible.',
+        'deleting' => 'Suppression...',
+
+        'create_head' => 'Créer une bourse',
+        'create_title' => 'Créer une nouvelle bourse',
+        'edit_head' => 'Modifier :name',
+        'edit_title' => 'Modifier :name',
+        'form_section' => 'Informations de la bourse',
+        'name_label' => 'Nom *',
+        'name_ph' => 'Ex: Bourse d\'excellence',
+        'type_label' => 'Type *',
+        'type_ph' => 'Sélectionner un type',
+        'value_label_pct' => 'Valeur (%) *',
+        'value_label_fixed' => 'Valeur (montant) *',
+        'value_ph_pct' => 'Ex: 15',
+        'value_ph_fixed' => 'Ex: 100.00',
+        'description' => 'Description',
+        'description_ph' => 'Décrivez la bourse...',
+        'submit_create' => 'Créer la bourse',
+
+        'show_value' => 'Valeur',
+        'show_description' => 'Description',
+        'show_no_description' => 'Aucune description disponible',
+        'history' => 'Historique',
+        'created_on' => 'Créée le',
+        'updated_on' => 'Dernière modification',
+        'summary' => 'Résumé',
+        'current_value' => 'Valeur actuelle',
+    ],
+
+    'bulletin_templates' => [
+        'head' => 'Modèle de bulletin',
+        'title' => 'Modèle de bulletin',
+        'subtitle_before' => 'Composez les colonnes du bulletin de :name. Le jeton',
+        'subtitle_after' => 'devient « Trim. » ou « Sem. » selon le type de classe.',
+        'load_preset' => 'Charger un preset…',
+        'saving' => 'Enregistrement…',
+        'columns' => 'Colonnes (:n)',
+        'total_width' => 'Largeur totale : :w%',
+        'default_column' => 'Colonne',
+        'label_ph' => 'Libellé',
+        'type_prefix' => 'Type : :name',
+        'add_column' => 'Ajouter une colonne',
+        'footer' => 'Pied de bulletin',
+        'opt_class_stats' => 'Afficher les statistiques de la classe (moyenne la plus forte / faible / générale)',
+        'opt_period_recap' => 'Afficher le récapitulatif inter-périodes + moyenne annuelle',
+        'opt_discipline' => 'Afficher le bloc discipline (retards, absences, décision du conseil)',
+        'signatory_left' => 'Signataire (gauche)',
+        'signatory_right' => 'Signataire (droite)',
+        'legal_note' => 'Mention légale (N.B.)',
+    ],
+
+    'file_storage' => [
+        'head' => 'Fichiers & Stockage',
+        'title' => 'Fichiers & Stockage',
+        'subtitle' => 'Configurez où les fichiers uploadés (logos, documents) seront stockés.',
+        'toast_saved_title' => 'Configuration sauvegardée',
+        'toast_saved_desc' => 'Les paramètres de stockage ont été mis à jour.',
+        'toast_error_title' => 'Erreur',
+        'toast_error_desc' => 'Vérifiez les champs et réessayez.',
+        'toast_test_ok_title' => 'Connexion réussie',
+        'toast_test_ok_desc' => 'Le disque ":driver" est accessible et fonctionnel.',
+        'toast_test_fail_title' => 'Connexion échouée',
+        'toast_unknown_error' => 'Erreur inconnue.',
+        'toast_unreachable' => 'Impossible de joindre le stockage.',
+        'driver_local' => 'Stockage local',
+        'driver_local_desc' => 'Fichiers sur le serveur Laravel (public/storage)',
+        'driver_s3' => 'Stockage cloud S3',
+        'driver_s3_desc' => 'AWS S3, Cloudflare R2, MinIO ou compatible S3',
+        's3_section' => 'Configuration S3 / Cloudflare R2',
+        'access_key' => 'Access Key',
+        'secret_key' => 'Secret Key',
+        'keep_hint' => '(laisser vide pour conserver)',
+        'bucket' => 'Bucket *',
+        'region' => 'Région *',
+        'region_ph' => 'auto (R2) ou eu-west-1 (AWS)',
+        'endpoint' => 'Endpoint',
+        'endpoint_hint' => '(R2/MinIO — laisser vide pour AWS)',
+        'public_url' => 'URL publique',
+        'public_url_hint' => '(CDN ou domaine custom)',
+        'r2_title' => 'Cloudflare R2 (recommandé)',
+        'r2_region' => '• Région :',
+        'r2_endpoint' => '• Endpoint :',
+        'r2_bandwidth' => '• Aucun frais de bande passante sortante (idéal Afrique)',
+        'local_active' => 'Stockage local actif',
+        'local_active_before' => 'Les fichiers sont stockés dans',
+        'local_active_middle' => 'et servis via',
+        'test_connection' => 'Tester la connexion',
+        'save' => 'Enregistrer',
+    ],
+
+    'backups' => [
+        'head' => 'Sauvegardes',
+        'title' => 'Sauvegardes',
+        'subtitle' => 'Sauvegardez la base de données (JSON / SQL) et planifiez des sauvegardes automatiques.',
+        'size_mb' => ':n Mo',
+        'size_kb' => ':n Ko',
+        'day_1' => 'Lundi',
+        'day_2' => 'Mardi',
+        'day_3' => 'Mercredi',
+        'day_4' => 'Jeudi',
+        'day_5' => 'Vendredi',
+        'day_6' => 'Samedi',
+        'day_7' => 'Dimanche',
+        'dest_label' => 'Destination :',
+        'dest_remote' => 'Dépôt distant (S3 / R2)',
+        'dest_local' => 'Stockage local du serveur',
+        'dest_remote_desc' => 'Les sauvegardes sont envoyées sur votre stockage cloud configuré.',
+        'dest_local_desc' => 'Configurez un stockage S3/R2 dans « Fichiers & Stockage » pour externaliser les sauvegardes.',
+        'manual_title' => 'Sauvegarder maintenant',
+        'include_media' => 'Inclure les médias (documents, photos)',
+        'running' => 'Sauvegarde…',
+        'run_backup' => 'Lancer la sauvegarde',
+        'manual_hint_before' => 'Avec les médias, la sauvegarde est produite au format',
+        'manual_hint_after' => '(base + fichiers uploadés). Sinon, seule la base est sauvegardée.',
+        'archive_title' => 'Archiver une année scolaire',
+        'archive_desc_before' => 'Génère un instantané complet',
+        'archive_desc_locked' => 'verrouillé',
+        'archive_desc_after' => 'et conservé à long terme (exclu de la rétention automatique). L\'archive est aussi créée automatiquement à la clôture d\'une année.',
+        'academic_year' => 'Année scolaire',
+        'choose_year' => 'Choisir une année…',
+        'already_archived' => ' — déjà archivée',
+        'archiving' => 'Archivage…',
+        'archive_year' => 'Archiver l\'année',
+        'schedule_title' => 'Planification automatique',
+        'frequency' => 'Fréquence',
+        'freq_none' => 'Désactivée',
+        'freq_daily' => 'Quotidienne',
+        'freq_weekly' => 'Hebdomadaire',
+        'time' => 'Heure',
+        'day' => 'Jour',
+        'retention' => 'Rétention (nb conservés)',
+        'formats_generated' => 'Formats générés',
+        'schedule_hint_before' => 'La planification nécessite que le planificateur Laravel tourne sur le serveur',
+        'schedule_hint_after' => 'via cron, chaque minute).',
+        'save_schedule' => 'Enregistrer la planification',
+        'restore_title' => 'Restaurer la base de données',
+        'restore_warn_before' => 'La restauration',
+        'restore_warn_bold' => 'écrase les données actuelles',
+        'restore_warn_after' => 'avec le contenu du fichier. Une sauvegarde de sécurité (JSON) est créée automatiquement avant l\'opération.',
+        'restoring' => 'Restauration…',
+        'restore' => 'Restaurer',
+        'restore_one_table' => 'Restaurer une seule table (optionnel)',
+        'all_tables' => 'Toute la base',
+        'restore_table_hint_before' => 'La restauration ciblée par table n\'est disponible qu\'avec les fichiers',
+        'restore_table_hint_after' => '(ou .json.gz) et n\'écrase que la table choisie.',
+        'accepted_formats' => 'Formats acceptés : .json, .sql, .gz (compressé), .dump (PostgreSQL) ou .zip (base + médias) issus de cette application — max 200 Mo.',
+        'history_title' => 'Historique des sauvegardes',
+        'th_file' => 'Fichier',
+        'th_format' => 'Format',
+        'th_size' => 'Taille',
+        'th_origin' => 'Origine',
+        'th_status' => 'Statut',
+        'th_date' => 'Date',
+        'empty' => 'Aucune sauvegarde pour le moment.',
+        'badge_archive' => 'Archive',
+        'badge_media' => '+ médias',
+        'origin_scheduled' => 'Planifiée',
+        'origin_manual' => 'Manuelle',
+        'status_ok' => 'OK',
+        'status_fail' => 'Échec',
+        'verify_integrity' => 'Vérifier l\'intégrité',
+        'restore_confirm_title' => 'Confirmer la restauration ?',
+        'restore_confirm_desc' => 'Toutes les données actuelles seront remplacées par le contenu de « :name ». Une sauvegarde de sécurité est créée avant. Cette action est irréversible.',
+        'restore_now' => 'Restaurer maintenant',
+        'delete_title' => 'Supprimer cette sauvegarde ?',
+        'delete_desc' => 'Le fichier sera définitivement supprimé du stockage.',
+    ],
+
+    'academic_years' => [
+        'head' => 'Années académiques',
+        'title' => 'Années académiques',
+        'subtitle' => 'Gérez les années académiques',
+        'new' => 'Nouvelle année',
+        'stat_total' => 'Années totales',
+        'stat_active' => 'Années actives',
+        'stat_page' => 'Page',
+        'search_ph' => 'Rechercher une année...',
+        'th_year' => 'Année',
+        'th_start' => 'Date de début',
+        'th_end' => 'Date de fin',
+        'th_status' => 'Statut',
+        'status_active' => 'Active',
+        'status_inactive' => 'Inactive',
+        'empty' => 'Aucune année académique trouvée',
+        'delete_title' => 'Confirmer la suppression',
+        'delete_desc' => 'Êtes-vous sûr de vouloir supprimer cette année académique ? Cette action est irréversible.',
+        'deleting' => 'Suppression...',
+        'create_head' => 'Créer une année académique',
+        'create_title' => 'Créer une nouvelle année académique',
+        'edit_head' => 'Modifier :year',
+        'edit_title' => 'Modifier :year',
+        'section_period' => 'Période académique',
+        'label_year' => 'Année',
+        'year_ph' => 'Ex: 2025-2026',
+        'label_start' => 'Date de début',
+        'label_end' => 'Date de fin',
+        'section_activation' => 'Activation',
+        'active_label' => 'Année active',
+        'active_hint' => 'Cochez cette case si c\'est l\'année académique en cours',
+        'submit_create' => 'Créer l\'année académique',
+        'info_title' => 'Informations de l\'année académique',
+        'field_status' => 'Statut',
+        'field_status_active' => 'Active',
+        'field_status_inactive' => 'Inactive',
+        'period_title' => 'Période',
+        'period_from' => 'Du',
+        'period_to' => 'Au',
+        'history_title' => 'Historique',
+        'stats_title' => 'Statistiques',
+        'stats_classes' => 'Classes',
+        'stats_students' => 'Étudiants inscrits',
+        'stats_teachers' => 'Enseignants',
+        'state_title' => 'État',
+        'state_active_title' => 'Année en cours',
+        'state_active_desc' => 'Cette année est actuellement active',
+        'state_inactive_title' => 'Année inactive',
+        'state_inactive_desc' => 'Cette année n\'est pas active',
+    ],
+
+    'academic_periods' => [
+        'head' => 'Périodes académiques',
+        'title' => 'Périodes académiques',
+        'subtitle' => 'Gérez les périodes académiques (trimestres et semestres)',
+        'new' => 'Nouvelle période',
+        'stat_total' => 'Périodes totales',
+        'stat_active' => 'Périodes actives',
+        'stat_page' => 'Page',
+        'search_ph' => 'Rechercher une période...',
+        'th_name' => 'Nom',
+        'th_year' => 'Année',
+        'th_type' => 'Type',
+        'th_order' => 'Ordre',
+        'th_period' => 'Période',
+        'th_status' => 'Statut',
+        'type_trimester' => 'Trimestre',
+        'type_semester' => 'Semestre',
+        'status_active' => 'Active',
+        'status_inactive' => 'Inactive',
+        'empty' => 'Aucune période académique trouvée',
+        'delete_title' => 'Confirmer la suppression',
+        'delete_desc' => 'Êtes-vous sûr de vouloir supprimer cette période académique ? Cette action est irréversible.',
+        'deleting' => 'Suppression...',
+        'create_head' => 'Créer une période académique',
+        'create_title' => 'Créer une période académique',
+        'create_subtitle' => 'Définissez les informations de la nouvelle période.',
+        'edit_head' => 'Modifier :name',
+        'edit_title' => 'Modifier la période',
+        'section_identification' => 'Identification',
+        'label_name' => 'Nom',
+        'name_ph' => 'Ex: Trimestre 1, Semestre 1...',
+        'label_year' => 'Année académique',
+        'year_ph' => 'Sélectionner une année',
+        'section_classification' => 'Classification',
+        'label_type' => 'Type',
+        'label_order' => 'Ordre',
+        'order_ph' => '1, 2, 3...',
+        'label_class_type' => 'Type de classe',
+        'class_type_all' => 'Toutes les classes (global)',
+        'class_type_hint' => 'Laisser « global » pour appliquer à tous les types de classe.',
+        'label_weight' => 'Poids (moyenne annuelle)',
+        'section_calendar' => 'Calendrier',
+        'label_start' => 'Date de début',
+        'label_end' => 'Date de fin',
+        'section_details' => 'Détails & Statut',
+        'label_description' => 'Description',
+        'description_ph' => 'Description de la période...',
+        'active_label' => 'Période active (en cours)',
+        'submit_create' => 'Créer la période',
+        'saving' => 'Enregistrement...',
+        'submit_update' => 'Enregistrer les modifications',
+        'info_title' => 'Informations de la période',
+        'system_title' => 'Informations système',
+        'label_id' => 'Identifiant',
+        'about_title' => 'À propos',
+        'about_desc' => 'Les périodes académiques permettent de diviser l\'année scolaire en trimestres ou semestres pour organiser l\'évaluation et le suivi des élèves.',
+    ],
+
+    'classrooms' => [
+        'head' => 'Classes',
+        'title' => 'Classes',
+        'subtitle' => 'Gérez les classes de votre établissement',
+        'new' => 'Nouvelle classe',
+        'stat_total' => 'Total des classes',
+        'stat_active' => 'Classes actives',
+        'stat_page' => 'Page',
+        'search_ph' => 'Rechercher une classe...',
+        'reset' => 'Réinitialiser',
+        'th_name' => 'Nom',
+        'th_code' => 'Code',
+        'th_type' => 'Type',
+        'th_capacity' => 'Capacité',
+        'empty' => 'Aucune classe trouvée',
+        'assign_subjects' => 'Attribuer des matières',
+        'showing_sep' => 'sur',
+        'showing_unit' => 'classes',
+        'delete_title' => 'Supprimer la classe',
+        'delete_desc' => 'Êtes-vous sûr de vouloir supprimer cette classe ? Cette action est irréversible.',
+        'deleting' => 'Suppression...',
+        'create_head' => 'Nouvelle classe',
+        'create_title' => 'Créer une classe',
+        'create_subtitle' => 'Renseignez les informations de la classe.',
+        'edit_head' => 'Éditer :name',
+        'edit_title' => 'Éditer une classe',
+        'edit_subtitle' => 'Mettez à jour les informations de :name.',
+        'form_info' => 'Informations de la classe',
+        'label_name' => 'Nom',
+        'name_ph' => 'Ex: 6e A',
+        'label_code' => 'Code',
+        'code_ph' => 'Ex: 6A-2026',
+        'label_capacity' => 'Capacité',
+        'label_expected_age' => 'Âge attendu',
+        'expected_age_ph' => 'Ex. 12',
+        'expected_age_hint' => 'Âge officiel attendu (base du calcul de sur-âge).',
+        'label_type' => 'Type de classe',
+        'type_none' => 'Aucun type',
+        'preview' => 'Aperçu',
+        'preview_text_before' => 'Cette classe accueillera jusqu\'à',
+        'preview_text_after' => 'élèves.',
+        'submit_create' => 'Créer la classe',
+        'creating' => 'Création...',
+        'show_code' => 'Code',
+        'show_capacity' => 'Capacité',
+        'show_capacity_hint' => 'places disponibles',
+        'show_type' => 'Type de classe',
+        'show_created_on' => 'Créée le',
+        'show_updated_on' => 'Modifiée le',
+        'subjects_title' => 'Matières et Coefficients',
+        'subjects_summary' => ':n matière(s) • Total des coefficients : :total',
+        'select_year_ph' => 'Sélectionner une année',
+        'coef' => 'Coef.',
+        'no_assignments' => 'Aucune matière assignée pour cette année académique',
+        // Attributions
+        'assign_head' => 'Attributions - :name',
+        'assign_title' => 'Attribuer des matières',
+        'assign_class_before' => 'Classe :',
+        'assign_year_section' => 'Année académique',
+        'assign_year_ph' => 'Sélectionnez une année académique',
+        'assign_subjects_section' => 'Matières et coefficients',
+        'assign_search_ph' => 'Rechercher une matière...',
+        'assign_coef_ph' => 'Coef',
+        'assign_selected_count' => ':n matière(s) sélectionnée(s)',
+        'assign_submit' => 'Enregistrer les attributions',
+        'assign_saving' => 'Enregistrement...',
+        'err_year_required' => 'L\'année académique est requise.',
+        'err_subjects_required' => 'Veuillez sélectionner au moins une matière.',
+        'err_coef_invalid' => 'Coefficient invalide (doit être > 0).',
+    ],
+
+    'documents' => [
+        // Index
+        'head' => 'Modèles de documents',
+        'title' => 'Modèles de documents',
+        'subtitle' => 'Gérez les modèles de certificats, attestations et bulletins exportables en PDF.',
+        'btn_header' => 'En-tête',
+        'btn_registry' => 'Registre',
+        'btn_new' => 'Nouveau modèle',
+        'cat_empty' => 'Aucun modèle dans cette catégorie.',
+        'badge_default' => 'Défaut',
+        'status_active' => '● Actif',
+        'status_inactive' => '● Inactif',
+        'delete_title' => 'Supprimer ce modèle ?',
+        'delete_desc' => 'Cette action est irréversible. Les documents déjà émis ne sont pas affectés.',
+        // Registry
+        'registry_head' => 'Registre des documents',
+        'registry_title' => 'Registre des documents',
+        'registry_subtitle' => 'Traçabilité de tous les documents délivrés (:n).',
+        'registry_search_ph' => 'N° de référence, nom ou matricule de l\'élève...',
+        'registry_th_ref' => 'Référence',
+        'registry_th_doc' => 'Document',
+        'registry_th_student' => 'Élève',
+        'registry_th_issuer' => 'Délivré par',
+        'registry_th_date' => 'Date',
+        'registry_empty' => 'Aucun document délivré.',
+        // Show
+        'cat_certificat' => 'Certificat',
+        'cat_attestation' => 'Attestation',
+        'cat_bulletin' => 'Bulletin',
+        'show_features' => 'Caractéristiques',
+        'show_type' => 'Type',
+        'show_orientation' => 'Orientation',
+        'show_signatory' => 'Signataire',
+        'orientation_portrait' => 'Portrait',
+        'orientation_landscape' => 'Paysage',
+        'flag_header' => 'En-tête officiel',
+        'flag_signature' => 'Bloc signature',
+        'show_default' => 'Modèle par défaut',
+        'show_active' => 'Actif',
+        'show_inactive' => 'Inactif',
+        'show_sample_note' => 'L\'aperçu utilise des données d\'exemple. Les variables seront remplacées par les informations réelles de l\'élève à la génération.',
+        'show_preview' => 'Aperçu du document',
+        // Edit
+        'edit_head' => 'Modifier le modèle',
+        'create_head' => 'Nouveau modèle',
+        'edit_title' => 'Modifier le modèle',
+        'create_title' => 'Nouveau modèle de document',
+        'edit_subtitle' => 'Configurez le document et son contenu avec variables dynamiques.',
+        'toast_saved_title' => 'Enregistré',
+        'toast_saved_desc' => 'Modèle sauvegardé.',
+        'toast_error_title' => 'Erreur',
+        'toast_error_desc' => 'Vérifiez les champs.',
+        'toast_preview_error' => 'Prévisualisation impossible.',
+        'label_category' => 'Catégorie',
+        'label_type' => 'Type',
+        'type_ph' => 'Choisir un type',
+        'label_name' => 'Nom du modèle',
+        'name_ph' => 'Ex: Certificat de scolarité standard',
+        'label_description' => 'Description',
+        'description_ph' => 'Usage du modèle (optionnel)',
+        'label_source' => 'Source du corps',
+        'label_layout' => 'Mise en page prédéfinie',
+        'layout_ph' => 'Choisir une mise en page',
+        'layout_hint' => 'Mise en page fournie par l\'application (logique, tableaux). En-tête, signature et filigrane de l\'école restent appliqués.',
+        'label_content' => 'Contenu du document',
+        'content_tip' => 'Astuce : placez le curseur puis cliquez une variable à droite pour l\'insérer.',
+        'variables_title' => 'Variables disponibles',
+        'insert_var' => 'Insérer :var',
+        'options_title' => 'Mise en page',
+        'label_orientation' => 'Orientation',
+        'label_signatory' => 'Titre du signataire',
+        'signatory_ph' => 'Le Directeur',
+        'opt_header' => 'En-tête officiel (logo, terme, devise)',
+        'opt_signature' => 'Bloc signature',
+        'opt_default' => 'Modèle par défaut pour ce type',
+        'opt_active' => 'Actif',
+        'btn_preview' => 'Prévisualiser',
+        'preview_sample_title' => 'Aperçu (données d\'exemple)',
+        // HeaderDesigner
+        'hd_head' => 'En-tête des documents',
+        'hd_title' => 'En-tête des documents',
+        'hd_subtitle' => 'Composez l\'en-tête utilisé pour les certificats, attestations et bulletins. Glissez les blocs pour les positionner.',
+        'hd_reset' => 'Réinitialiser',
+        'hd_saving' => 'Enregistrement…',
+        'hd_preset_label' => 'Modèle d\'en-tête',
+        'hd_watermark_both' => 'Le filigrane s\'applique aux deux modèles.',
+        'hd_ministerial_title' => 'En-tête ministériel (officiel)',
+        'hd_ministerial_p1' => 'L\'en-tête à trois colonnes (Ministère & établissement · logo · République & devise) est généré automatiquement à partir des informations de l\'école. Le glisser-déposer est désactivé pour ce modèle.',
+        'hd_ministerial_p2' => 'Pour modifier le ministère, le nom, le logo ou la devise, rendez-vous dans les réglages de l\'école.',
+        'hd_add_block' => 'Ajouter un bloc',
+        'hd_block_logo' => 'Logo',
+        'hd_block_name' => 'Nom',
+        'hd_block_motto' => 'Devise',
+        'hd_block_term' => 'Terme',
+        'hd_block_contact' => 'Coordonnées',
+        'hd_block_text' => 'Texte',
+        'hd_default_text' => 'Texte libre',
+        'hd_canvas_title' => 'Aperçu (largeur A4)',
+        'hd_height' => 'Hauteur',
+        'hd_canvas_hint' => 'Cliquez un bloc pour le modifier, glissez-le pour le déplacer.',
+        'hd_block_props' => 'Propriétés du bloc',
+        'hd_select_block' => 'Sélectionnez un bloc dans l\'aperçu.',
+        'hd_size_px' => 'Taille (px)',
+        'hd_delete' => 'Supprimer',
+        'hd_content' => 'Contenu',
+        'hd_insert_var_ph' => 'Insérer une variable…',
+        'hd_size' => 'Taille',
+        'hd_width' => 'Largeur',
+        'hd_delete_block' => 'Supprimer le bloc',
+        'hd_color' => 'Couleur',
+        'hd_watermark' => 'Filigrane',
+        'hd_enable' => 'Activer',
+        'hd_wm_text' => 'Texte',
+        'hd_wm_image' => 'Image / logo',
+        'hd_wm_text_ph' => 'Texte du filigrane',
+        'hd_opacity' => 'Opacité : :n%',
+        'hd_wm_size' => 'Taille : :n',
+        'hd_rotation' => 'Rotation : :n°',
+        'hd_var_note_before' => 'Les variables comme',
+        'hd_var_note_after' => 'sont remplacées à la génération de chaque document.',
+    ],
+
+    'class_subjects' => [
+        // Index
+        'head' => 'Attribution des matières aux classes',
+        'title' => 'Attribution des matières aux classes',
+        'subtitle' => 'Gérez l\'attribution des matières à chaque classe',
+        'new' => 'Ajouter une attribution',
+        'stat_assignments' => 'Attributions',
+        'stat_classes' => 'Classes couvertes',
+        'search_ph' => 'Rechercher une classe ou matière...',
+        'search_results' => 'Résultats pour :',
+        'th_class' => 'Classe',
+        'th_subjects' => 'Matières attribuées',
+        'th_year' => 'Année académique',
+        'coef' => 'Coef',
+        'empty' => 'Aucune attribution trouvée',
+        'showing' => 'Affichage :from à :to sur :total attributions',
+        'page_of' => 'Page :current sur :last',
+        'delete_title' => 'Confirmer la suppression',
+        'delete_desc' => 'Êtes-vous sûr de vouloir supprimer cette attribution ? Cette action est irréversible.',
+        'deleting' => 'Suppression...',
+        // Create / Edit shared
+        'create_head' => 'Assigner des matières à une classe',
+        'create_title' => 'Assigner des matières à une classe',
+        'create_subtitle' => 'Sélectionnez une classe, une année académique et les matières à enseigner',
+        'edit_head' => 'Modifier les matières attribuées',
+        'edit_title' => 'Modifier les matières attribuées',
+        'edit_subtitle' => 'Mettez à jour les matières assignées à cette classe',
+        'section_base' => 'Sélection de base',
+        'label_class' => 'Classe',
+        'class_ph' => 'Sélectionnez une classe',
+        'label_year' => 'Année académique',
+        'year_ph' => 'Sélectionnez une année académique',
+        'section_subjects' => 'Sélection des matières et coefficients',
+        'search_subjects' => 'Rechercher les matières',
+        'search_subjects_ph' => 'Rechercher par nom ou code...',
+        'code' => 'Code',
+        'coef_ph' => 'Coef',
+        'group_required' => 'Obligatoire',
+        'group_optional' => 'Facultatif',
+        'no_subjects' => 'Aucune matière trouvée',
+        'selected_count' => ':n matière(s) sélectionnée(s) avec coefficient',
+        'submit_create' => 'Attribuer les matières',
+        'creating' => 'Attribution en cours...',
+        'submit_update' => 'Mettre à jour',
+        'updating' => 'Mise à jour en cours...',
+        'err_class_required' => 'La classe est requise.',
+        'err_year_required' => 'L\'année académique est requise.',
+        'err_subjects_required' => 'Veuillez sélectionner au moins une matière.',
+        'err_coef_invalid' => 'Coefficient invalide (doit être > 0).',
+        // Show
+        'show_head' => 'Détails de l\'attribution',
+        'show_title' => 'Détails de l\'attribution',
+        'show_subtitle' => 'Informations sur l\'attribution de matière à la classe',
+        'show_class' => 'Classe',
+        'show_subject' => 'Matière',
+        'show_name' => 'Nom',
+        'show_coef' => 'Coefficient',
+        'show_year' => 'Année académique',
+        'show_year_label' => 'Année',
+        'show_start' => 'Date de début',
+        'show_end' => 'Date de fin',
+        'show_tracking' => 'Informations de suivi',
+        'show_created_on' => 'Créé le',
+        'show_updated_on' => 'Modifié le',
+    ],
+
+    'fee_structures' => [
+        // Index
+        'head' => 'Structures de frais',
+        'title' => 'Structures de frais',
+        'subtitle' => 'Gérez les montants des frais par catégorie, classe et année académique',
+        'replicate_year' => 'Répliquer une année',
+        'new' => 'Nouvelle structure',
+        'stat_total' => 'Montant total',
+        'stat_average' => 'Montant moyen',
+        'stat_classes' => 'Classes couvertes',
+        'stat_categories' => 'Catégories couvertes',
+        'stat_gap' => 'Écart min/max',
+        'stat_gap_detail' => 'Min :min | Max :max',
+        'search_ph' => 'Rechercher par catégorie, classe ou année...',
+        'filter_year' => 'Année académique',
+        'filter_all_years' => 'Toutes les années',
+        'active_suffix' => ' (active)',
+        'filter_category' => 'Catégorie',
+        'filter_all_categories' => 'Toutes les catégories',
+        'filter_class' => 'Classe',
+        'filter_all_classes' => 'Toutes les classes',
+        'filter_amount_min' => 'Montant min',
+        'filter_amount_max' => 'Montant max',
+        'search' => 'Rechercher',
+        'reset' => 'Réinitialiser',
+        'filtered_count' => ':count structure(s) filtrée(s) | Max : :max',
+        'col_year' => 'Année académique',
+        'col_category' => 'Catégorie',
+        'col_class' => 'Classe',
+        'col_amount' => 'Montant',
+        'col_actions' => 'Actions',
+        'empty' => 'Aucune structure de frais trouvée',
+        'pagination' => 'Affichage de :from à :to sur :total résultats',
+        // Delete dialog
+        'delete_title' => 'Confirmer la suppression',
+        'delete_desc' => 'Êtes-vous sûr de vouloir supprimer cette structure de frais ? Cette action est irréversible.',
+        'cancel' => 'Annuler',
+        'deleting' => 'Suppression...',
+        'delete' => 'Supprimer',
+        // Replicate dialog
+        'replicate_title' => 'Répliquer les structures de frais',
+        'replicate_desc' => 'Copie toutes les structures (et leurs tranches) d\'une année vers l\'année active. Les combinaisons catégorie / classe déjà présentes sont ignorées.',
+        'replicate_target' => 'Année cible (active) :',
+        'replicate_source' => 'Année source *',
+        'replicate_source_ph' => 'Choisir l\'année à copier',
+        'replicating' => 'Réplication...',
+        'replicate' => 'Répliquer',
+        'replicate_no_active' => 'Aucune année académique active. Activez une année avant de répliquer.',
+        // Create / Edit
+        'create_head' => 'Nouvelle structure de frais',
+        'create_title' => 'Nouvelle structure de frais',
+        'create_subtitle' => 'Créez une nouvelle structure de frais pour une année académique, catégorie et classe',
+        'edit_head' => 'Modifier la structure de frais',
+        'edit_title' => 'Modifier la structure de frais',
+        'edit_subtitle' => 'Modifiez les informations de cette structure de frais',
+        'back' => 'Retour',
+        'section_academic' => 'Contexte académique',
+        'active_year' => 'Année académique active',
+        'active_badge' => 'Active',
+        'no_active_year' => 'Aucune année académique active. Activez-en une d\'abord.',
+        'auto_attach' => 'La structure est automatiquement rattachée à l\'année active.',
+        'field_year' => 'Année académique',
+        'field_year_ph' => 'Sélectionner une année académique',
+        'field_category' => 'Catégorie de frais',
+        'field_category_ph' => 'Sélectionner une catégorie',
+        'field_class_section' => 'Classe concernée',
+        'field_class' => 'Classe',
+        'field_class_ph' => 'Sélectionner une classe',
+        'field_amount' => 'Montant',
+        'field_amount_currency' => 'Montant (:currency)',
+        'field_amount_ph' => 'Ex: 50000',
+        'saving' => 'Enregistrement...',
+        'save' => 'Enregistrer',
+        'updating' => 'Mise à jour...',
+        'update' => 'Mettre à jour',
+        // Show
+        'show_head' => 'Détails de la structure de frais',
+        'manage_installments' => 'Gérer les tranches',
+        'edit' => 'Modifier',
+        'show_heading' => 'Structure de frais',
+        'show_amount_total' => 'Montant total',
+        'installments_count' => ':count tranche(s)',
+        'show_general' => 'Informations générales',
+        'show_year' => 'Année académique',
+        'show_category' => 'Catégorie de frais',
+        'show_class' => 'Classe concernée',
+        'show_code' => 'Code',
+        'show_amount_section' => 'Montant et tranches',
+        'installments' => 'Tranches',
+        'manage' => 'Gérer',
+        'installment_num' => 'Tranche :num',
+        'no_installments' => 'Aucune tranche définie',
+        'show_system' => 'Informations système',
+        'show_created_on' => 'Créée le',
+        'show_updated_on' => 'Dernière modification',
+        'show_uid' => 'Identifiant unique',
+        // Installments modal
+        'modal_title' => 'Gérer les tranches',
+        'modal_desc' => 'Ajoutez ou modifiez les tranches pour cette structure de frais.',
+        'current_structure' => 'Structure actuelle',
+        'current_total' => 'Montant total:',
+        'current_installments' => 'Tranches actuelles:',
+        'configured_total' => 'Total des tranches configurées',
+        'installments_total_label' => 'Montant total des tranches:',
+        'installment_name' => 'Nom de la tranche',
+        'installment_name_ph' => 'Ex: Première tranche',
+        'installment_number_label' => 'N°',
+        'installment_amount' => 'Montant',
+        'add_installment' => 'Ajouter une tranche',
+        'save_installments' => 'Enregistrer les tranches',
+        'total_exceeds' => 'Le total des tranches (:total) dépasse le montant de la structure (:amount)',
+        'err_valid_installment' => 'Veuillez ajouter au moins une tranche valide.',
+        'err_total_exceeds' => 'Le total des tranches ne peut pas dépasser le montant de la structure de frais.',
+        'err_saving' => 'Erreur lors de l\'enregistrement des tranches.',
+    ],
+];
diff --git a/lang/fr/presences.php b/lang/fr/presences.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..08b986a1
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lang/fr/presences.php
@@ -0,0 +1,146 @@
+<?php
+
+return [
+    'status' => [
+        'present' => 'Présent',
+        'absent' => 'Absent',
+        'late' => 'Retard',
+        'excused' => 'Excusé',
+    ],
+
+    'reason' => [
+        'medical' => 'Médical',
+        'familial' => 'Familial',
+        'autre' => 'Autre',
+    ],
+
+    'session' => [
+        'journee' => 'Journée entière',
+        'journee_short' => 'Journée',
+        'matin' => 'Matin',
+        'apres_midi' => 'Après-midi',
+    ],
+
+    'attendances' => [
+        'index' => [
+            'head' => 'Saisie des présences',
+            'subtitle' => "Enregistrez l'appel quotidien par classe",
+            'stats' => 'Statistiques',
+            'class' => 'Classe',
+            'period' => 'Période',
+            'date' => 'Date',
+            'session_label' => 'Session',
+            'select' => 'Sélectionner',
+            'class_dash' => '— Classe —',
+            'period_dash' => '— Période —',
+            'need_filters' => "Sélectionnez une classe et une période pour commencer l'appel.",
+            'existing' => 'Appel déjà enregistré pour ce créneau — vous pouvez le modifier.',
+            'all_present' => 'Tous présents',
+            'all_absent' => 'Tous absents',
+            'empty' => "Aucun élève inscrit dans cette classe pour l'année active.",
+            'col_matricule' => 'Matricule',
+            'col_student' => 'Élève',
+            'col_status' => 'Statut',
+            'col_late' => 'Retard (min)',
+            'col_comment' => 'Observation',
+            'permission' => 'Permission :dates',
+            'comment_ph' => 'Observation...',
+            'notes_ph' => "Remarques générales sur l'appel...",
+            'saving' => 'Enregistrement...',
+            'saved' => 'Enregistré !',
+            'save' => "Enregistrer l'appel",
+        ],
+
+        'stats' => [
+            'head' => 'Statistiques de présence',
+            'subtitle' => "Taux d'absence et suivi par élève",
+            'back_to_entry' => "Saisie de l'appel",
+            'class' => 'Classe',
+            'period' => 'Période',
+            'select' => 'Sélectionner',
+            'all_classes' => '— Toutes —',
+            'all_periods' => 'Toutes les périodes',
+            'empty' => 'Sélectionnez une classe pour afficher les statistiques.',
+            'recorded_calls' => 'Appels enregistrés',
+            'col_date' => 'Date',
+            'per_student' => 'Suivi par élève',
+            'students_count' => ':count élèves',
+            'col_student' => 'Élève',
+            'col_present' => 'Présent',
+            'col_absent' => 'Absent',
+            'col_late' => 'Retard',
+            'col_excused' => 'Excusé',
+            'col_absence_rate' => "Taux absence",
+        ],
+    ],
+
+    'permissions' => [
+        'status' => [
+            'pending' => 'En attente',
+            'approved' => 'Approuvée',
+            'rejected' => 'Rejetée',
+        ],
+
+        'index' => [
+            'head' => 'Demandes de permission',
+            'subtitle' => "Gérez les demandes d'absence justifiée",
+            'new' => 'Nouvelle demande',
+            'total' => 'Total',
+            'pending' => 'En attente',
+            'approved' => 'Approuvées',
+            'rejected' => 'Rejetées',
+            'search_ph' => "Nom ou matricule de l'élève...",
+            'all_statuses' => 'Tous les statuts',
+            'filter' => 'Filtrer',
+            'col_student' => 'Élève',
+            'col_reason' => 'Motif',
+            'col_period' => 'Période',
+            'col_duration' => 'Durée',
+            'col_requested_by' => 'Demandé par',
+            'col_status' => 'Statut',
+            'col_actions' => 'Actions',
+            'empty' => 'Aucune demande de permission.',
+            'day_one' => ':count jour',
+            'day_other' => ':count jours',
+            'review' => 'Réviser',
+            'view' => 'Voir',
+            'total_count' => ':count demande(s) au total',
+            'delete_title' => 'Supprimer cette demande ?',
+            'delete_desc' => 'Cette action est irréversible.',
+        ],
+
+        'create' => [
+            'head' => 'Nouvelle demande de permission',
+            'subtitle' => "Demande d'absence justifiée pour un élève",
+            'student' => 'Élève *',
+            'select_student' => 'Sélectionner un élève',
+            'start_date' => 'Date de début *',
+            'end_date' => 'Date de fin *',
+            'reason' => 'Motif *',
+            'description' => 'Description / Justification *',
+            'description_ph' => "Expliquez la raison de l'absence...",
+            'submitting' => 'Envoi...',
+            'submit' => 'Soumettre la demande',
+        ],
+
+        'show' => [
+            'head' => 'Permission — :name',
+            'details' => 'Détails de la demande',
+            'reason' => 'Motif',
+            'absence_period' => "Période d'absence",
+            'day_one' => ':count jour',
+            'day_other' => ':count jours',
+            'requested_by' => 'Demandé par',
+            'reviewed_by' => 'Révisé par',
+            'reviewed_on' => 'le :date',
+            'description' => 'Description',
+            'review_comment' => 'Commentaire de révision',
+            'linked_absences' => 'Absences excusées liées',
+            'decision' => 'Décision',
+            'comment_optional' => 'Commentaire (optionnel)',
+            'comment_ph' => "Motif d'approbation ou de rejet...",
+            'approve' => 'Approuver',
+            'reject' => 'Rejeter',
+        ],
+    ],
+];
diff --git a/lang/fr/promotion.php b/lang/fr/promotion.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..0129240e
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lang/fr/promotion.php
@@ -0,0 +1,32 @@
+<?php
+
+return [
+    'title' => 'Passage de classe',
+    'subtitle' => "Réinscrivez en masse les élèves validés vers la classe et l'année suivantes.",
+    'source_year' => 'Année source',
+    'source_class' => 'Classe source',
+    'target_year' => 'Année cible',
+    'target_class' => 'Classe cible',
+    'choose' => 'Choisir',
+    'active' => 'active',
+    'select_prompt' => 'Choisissez une année et une classe source',
+
+    'stat' => [
+        'students' => 'Élèves',
+        'valide' => 'Validés',
+        'non_valide' => 'Non validés',
+        'reenrolled' => 'Déjà réinscrits',
+    ],
+
+    'selected' => ':count élève(s) sélectionné(s)',
+    'choose_target' => "Choisissez l'année et la classe cible",
+    'reenroll_selection' => 'Réinscrire la sélection',
+
+    'col_student' => 'Élève',
+    'col_matricule' => 'Matricule',
+    'col_status_source' => 'Statut (année source)',
+    'col_target' => 'Cible',
+    'empty' => 'Aucun élève dans cette classe.',
+    'already_reenrolled' => 'Déjà réinscrit',
+    'to_reenroll' => 'À réinscrire',
+];
diff --git a/lang/fr/rh.php b/lang/fr/rh.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..0f71b454
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lang/fr/rh.php
@@ -0,0 +1,253 @@
+<?php
+
+return [
+    'employee_status' => [
+        'active' => 'Actif',
+        'suspended' => 'Suspendu',
+        'terminated' => 'Sorti',
+    ],
+
+    'pay_status' => [
+        'draft' => 'Brouillon',
+        'validated' => 'Validé',
+        'paid' => 'Payé',
+        'cancelled' => 'Annulé',
+    ],
+
+    'personnel' => [
+        'index' => [
+            'head' => 'Personnel',
+            'subtitle' => 'Assignez les grilles et gérez la paie de votre personnel.',
+            'add' => 'Ajouter au personnel',
+            'ungraded_banner' => ':count employé(s) sans grille — cliquer pour les filtrer.',
+            'search_ph' => 'Nom, poste, matricule…',
+            'all_statuses' => 'Tous les statuts',
+            'status_active' => 'Actifs',
+            'status_suspended' => 'Suspendus',
+            'status_terminated' => 'Sortis',
+            'all_grades' => 'Toutes les grilles',
+            'ungraded' => 'Sans grille',
+            'search' => 'Rechercher',
+            'reset' => 'Réinit.',
+            'count' => ':count employé(s)',
+            'per_page' => 'Lignes par page :',
+            'empty' => 'Aucun employé',
+            'col_employee' => 'Employé',
+            'col_job' => 'Poste',
+            'col_grade' => 'Grille',
+            'col_base' => 'Salaire de base',
+            'col_status' => 'Statut',
+            'choose_grade' => 'Choisir une grille',
+            'off_grade_dash' => '— Hors grille —',
+            'off_grade' => 'Hors grille',
+            'open_sheet' => 'Ouvrir la fiche',
+            'open_sheet_title' => 'Fiche complète (primes, bulletins…)',
+            'range' => ':from–:to sur :total',
+            'modal_title' => 'Ajouter au personnel',
+            'user' => 'Utilisateur *',
+            'search_user_ph' => 'Rechercher un utilisateur…',
+            'no_result' => 'Aucun résultat',
+            'no_assignable' => 'Tous les utilisateurs ont déjà un profil paie.',
+            'job' => 'Poste *',
+            'job_ph' => 'Ex: Enseignant',
+            'contract' => 'Contrat *',
+            'grade' => 'Grille',
+            'base' => 'Salaire de base',
+            'base_ignored' => '(ignoré)',
+            'base_ph' => 'Ex: 120000',
+            'cancel' => 'Annuler',
+            'add_btn' => 'Ajouter',
+        ],
+
+        'overview' => [
+            'head' => "Personnel & Paie — Vue d'ensemble",
+            'title' => 'Personnel & Paie',
+            'subtitle' => "Vue d'ensemble du personnel et de la paie.",
+            'new_run' => 'Nouveau cycle de paie',
+            'kpi_active' => 'Employés actifs',
+            'kpi_ungraded' => 'À classer (sans grille)',
+            'kpi_ungraded_sub_some' => 'Cliquer pour les afficher',
+            'kpi_ungraded_sub_none' => 'Tout est classé',
+            'kpi_grades' => 'Grilles actives',
+            'kpi_mass' => 'Masse salariale (base/mois)',
+            'kpi_mass_sub' => 'Somme des salaires de base',
+            'ungraded_banner' => ':count employé(s) actif(s) ne sont rattachés à aucune grille salariale.',
+            'last_run' => 'Dernier cycle de paie',
+            'all_runs' => 'Tous les cycles',
+            'no_run' => 'Aucun cycle de paie généré pour le moment.',
+            'net_mass' => 'Masse nette',
+            'shortcut_personnel' => 'Personnel',
+            'shortcut_personnel_desc' => 'Liste & assignation des grilles',
+            'shortcut_grades' => 'Grilles salariales',
+            'shortcut_grades_desc' => 'Catégories & montants',
+            'shortcut_runs' => 'Cycles de paie',
+            'shortcut_runs_desc' => 'Générer & décaisser',
+        ],
+    ],
+
+    'salary_components' => [
+        'head' => 'Rubriques de paie',
+        'subtitle' => "Gains et retenues réutilisables. Les rubriques « auto » sont appliquées à la génération d'un cycle.",
+        'new' => 'Nouvelle rubrique',
+        'search_ph' => 'Nom, code...',
+        'all_types' => 'Tous les types',
+        'earnings' => 'Gains',
+        'deductions' => 'Retenues',
+        'search' => 'Rechercher',
+        'reset' => 'Réinit.',
+        'count' => ':count rubrique(s)',
+        'filtered' => '— filtrées',
+        'per_page' => 'Lignes par page :',
+        'col_component' => 'Rubrique',
+        'col_code' => 'Code',
+        'col_type' => 'Type',
+        'col_default_amount' => 'Montant par défaut',
+        'col_application' => 'Application',
+        'col_status' => 'Statut',
+        'col_actions' => 'Actions',
+        'empty' => 'Aucune rubrique',
+        'type_earning' => 'Gain',
+        'type_deduction' => 'Retenue',
+        'auto' => 'Automatique',
+        'manual' => 'Manuelle',
+        'active' => 'Active',
+        'inactive' => 'Inactive',
+        'edit' => 'Modifier',
+        'delete' => 'Supprimer',
+        'range' => ':from–:to sur :total',
+        'modal_edit' => 'Modifier la rubrique',
+        'modal_new' => 'Nouvelle rubrique',
+        'name' => 'Nom *',
+        'name_ph' => 'Ex: Prime de transport',
+        'type' => 'Type *',
+        'code' => 'Code',
+        'code_ph' => 'Ex: TRANSPORT',
+        'default_amount' => 'Montant par défaut',
+        'default_amount_ph' => 'Optionnel',
+        'apply_auto' => 'Appliquer automatiquement à chaque bulletin',
+        'active_label' => 'Active',
+        'cancel' => 'Annuler',
+        'saving' => 'Enregistrement...',
+        'save' => 'Enregistrer',
+        'add' => 'Ajouter',
+        'delete_title' => 'Supprimer cette rubrique ?',
+        'delete_desc' => 'Les bulletins déjà générés ne sont pas affectés (leurs lignes sont figées).',
+    ],
+
+    'salary_grades' => [
+        'index' => [
+            'head' => 'Grilles salariales',
+            'subtitle' => "Chaque catégorie/échelon porte un salaire de base ; l'employé y est rattaché depuis sa fiche.",
+            'settings' => 'Réglages de paie',
+            'new' => 'Nouvelle grille',
+            'seniority_active' => "Prime d'ancienneté",
+            'seniority_active_state' => 'active',
+            'seniority_active_desc' => '+:rate% du base par année',
+            'seniority_cap' => ', plafonnée à :cap%',
+            'seniority_disabled_state' => 'désactivée',
+            'search_ph' => 'Nom, catégorie...',
+            'all' => 'Toutes',
+            'actives' => 'Actives',
+            'inactives' => 'Inactives',
+            'search' => 'Rechercher',
+            'reset' => 'Réinit.',
+            'count' => ':count grille(s)',
+            'per_page' => 'Lignes par page :',
+            'empty' => 'Aucune grille salariale',
+            'create_first' => 'Créer la première grille',
+            'col_grade' => 'Grille',
+            'col_category' => 'Catégorie / échelon',
+            'col_employees' => 'Employés',
+            'col_base' => 'Salaire de base',
+            'col_status' => 'Statut',
+            'cat' => 'Cat. :category',
+            'echelon' => 'échelon :echelon',
+            'active' => 'Active',
+            'inactive' => 'Inactive',
+            'assign_employees' => 'Affecter des employés',
+            'edit' => 'Modifier',
+            'delete' => 'Supprimer',
+            'range' => ':from–:to sur :total',
+            'delete_title' => 'Supprimer cette grille ?',
+            'delete_desc' => 'Impossible si des employés y sont rattachés. Les bulletins déjà générés ne sont pas affectés.',
+            'cancel' => 'Annuler',
+        ],
+
+        'form' => [
+            'section' => 'Définition de la grille',
+            'name' => 'Nom *',
+            'name_ph' => 'Ex: Enseignant — Catégorie B, échelon 2',
+            'category' => 'Catégorie',
+            'category_ph' => 'Ex: B',
+            'echelon' => 'Échelon',
+            'echelon_ph' => 'Ex: 2',
+            'base' => 'Salaire de base (F) *',
+            'base_ph' => 'Ex: 145000',
+            'sort_order' => "Ordre d'affichage",
+            'active' => 'Grille active',
+            'update' => 'Mettre à jour',
+            'creating' => 'Création...',
+            'updating' => 'Mise à jour...',
+            'create' => 'Créer la grille',
+            'cancel' => 'Annuler',
+        ],
+
+        'create' => [
+            'head' => 'Nouvelle grille salariale',
+            'title' => 'Nouvelle grille salariale',
+            'subtitle' => 'Une catégorie/échelon avec son salaire de base.',
+        ],
+
+        'edit' => [
+            'head' => 'Éditer :name',
+            'title' => 'Éditer la grille',
+        ],
+
+        'employees' => [
+            'head' => 'Affecter — :name',
+            'title' => 'Affecter des employés',
+            'subtitle' => 'Grille :name — salaire de base :base.',
+            'search_ph' => 'Rechercher un employé…',
+            'selected' => ':count sélectionné(s)',
+            'empty' => 'Aucun employé actif',
+            'select_all' => 'Tout sélectionner',
+            'select_all_filtered' => ' (résultats filtrés)',
+            'no_result' => 'Aucun résultat.',
+            'current' => 'Actuel : :name',
+            'on_this_grade' => 'Sur cette grille',
+            'moving' => ':count employé(s) seront déplacés depuis une autre grille.',
+            'detach_note' => 'Les employés décochés qui étaient sur cette grille en seront détachés (repli sur leur salaire manuel).',
+            'saving' => 'Enregistrement...',
+            'save' => 'Enregistrer les affectations',
+            'cancel' => 'Annuler',
+        ],
+    ],
+
+    'payroll_settings' => [
+        'head' => 'Réglages de paie',
+        'title' => 'Réglages de paie',
+        'subtitle' => 'Ancienneté, CNSS et impôt (ITS) appliqués automatiquement à la génération des bulletins.',
+        'disclaimer' => 'Ces cotisations et impôts sont <strong>désactivés par défaut</strong>. Les taux/barèmes fournis sont indicatifs — vérifiez-les auprès de la réglementation en vigueur avant activation.',
+        'seniority' => "Prime d'ancienneté",
+        'seniority_enable' => "Activer la prime d'ancienneté",
+        'seniority_rate' => 'Taux par année (% du base)',
+        'seniority_cap' => 'Plafond (% du base, 0 = aucun)',
+        'cnss' => 'CNSS (sécurité sociale)',
+        'cnss_enable' => 'Activer la retenue CNSS',
+        'cnss_employee' => 'Part salariale (%)',
+        'cnss_employer' => 'Part patronale (%)',
+        'cnss_ceiling' => 'Plafond mensuel (F, 0 = aucun)',
+        'cnss_note' => "La part salariale est retenue sur le bulletin ; la part patronale est enregistrée comme charge employeur (information, non déduite du net).",
+        'its' => 'ITS — Impôt sur les traitements et salaires',
+        'its_enable' => "Activer l'ITS (barème progressif)",
+        'its_desc' => "Barème par tranches sur le net imposable (brut − CNSS salariale). Laissez « Jusqu'à » vide pour la dernière tranche (au-delà).",
+        'its_up_to' => "Jusqu'à (F)",
+        'its_rate' => 'Taux (%)',
+        'its_empty' => 'Aucune tranche. Ajoutez-en pour définir le barème.',
+        'its_beyond' => 'au-delà',
+        'its_add' => 'Ajouter une tranche',
+        'saving' => 'Enregistrement...',
+        'save' => 'Enregistrer les réglages',
+        'back' => 'Retour',
+    ],
+];
diff --git a/lang/fr/roster.php b/lang/fr/roster.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..46135b31
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lang/fr/roster.php
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+<?php
+
+return [
+    'title' => 'Effectifs / Listes de classe',
+    'subtitle' => 'Élèves par année et classe, suivi de scolarité (validation, abandon, transfert).',
+    'export_pdf' => 'Exporter en PDF',
+    'year' => 'Année scolaire',
+    'choose' => 'Choisir',
+    'class' => 'Classe',
+    'choose_class' => 'Choisir une classe',
+    'active' => 'active',
+    'status' => 'Statut',
+    'all' => 'Tous',
+    'search' => 'Recherche',
+    'search_ph' => 'Nom ou matricule...',
+    'select_prompt' => 'Sélectionnez une année et une classe',
+
+    'stat' => [
+        'enrolled' => 'Inscrits',
+        'en_cours' => 'En cours',
+        'valide' => 'Validés',
+        'non_valide' => 'Non validés',
+        'abandon' => 'Abandons',
+    ],
+
+    'selected' => ':count sélectionné(s)',
+    'validate' => 'Valider',
+    'invalidate' => 'Non valider',
+
+    'col_student' => 'Élève',
+    'col_matricule' => 'Matricule',
+    'col_payment' => 'Paiement',
+    'col_schooling' => 'Statut scolarité',
+    'col_action' => 'Action',
+    'empty' => 'Aucun élève pour ce filtre.',
+    'status_btn' => 'Statut',
+
+    'dialog' => [
+        'title' => 'Statut de scolarité',
+        'status' => 'Statut',
+        'reason' => 'Motif',
+        'reason_ph' => "Raison de l'abandon / transfert...",
+        'abandon_warning' => "L'élève sortira automatiquement des listes d'appel (présences).",
+    ],
+
+    'pay' => [
+        'PAID' => 'Payé',
+        'PARTIALLY_PAID' => 'Partiel',
+        'ISSUED' => 'Impayé',
+        'NONE' => 'Sans facture',
+    ],
+];
diff --git a/lang/fr/scholarships.php b/lang/fr/scholarships.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c7359bc6
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lang/fr/scholarships.php
@@ -0,0 +1,86 @@
+<?php
+
+return [
+    'index' => [
+        'title' => "Bourses d'élèves",
+        'subtitle' => 'Gérez les attributions de bourses aux élèves',
+        'new' => 'Nouvelle attribution',
+        'total' => 'Total des attributions',
+        'search' => 'Recherche',
+        'search_ph' => 'Rechercher par élève, bourse...',
+        'scholarship' => 'Bourse',
+        'all_scholarships' => 'Toutes les bourses',
+        'academic_year' => 'Année académique',
+        'all_years' => 'Toutes les années',
+        'clear_filters' => 'Effacer les filtres',
+        'per_page' => 'Éléments par page',
+        'col_student' => 'Élève',
+        'col_scholarship' => 'Bourse',
+        'col_year' => 'Année académique',
+        'col_date' => "Date d'attribution",
+        'col_actions' => 'Actions',
+        'empty' => 'Aucune attribution de bourse trouvée',
+        'showing' => 'Affichage de :from à :to sur :total résultats',
+        'delete_title' => 'Confirmer la suppression',
+        'delete_confirm' => 'Êtes-vous sûr de vouloir supprimer cette attribution de bourse ? Cette action est irréversible.',
+        'deleting' => 'Suppression...',
+    ],
+
+    'form' => [
+        'create_head' => 'Nouvelle attribution de bourse',
+        'create_title' => 'Nouvelle attribution de bourse',
+        'create_subtitle' => 'Attribuez une bourse à un élève',
+        'edit_head' => "Modifier l'attribution de bourse",
+        'edit_title' => "Modifier l'attribution de bourse",
+        'edit_subtitle' => "Modifiez les détails de l'attribution de bourse",
+        'section_award' => 'Attribution de bourse',
+        'student' => 'Élève *',
+        'student_search_ph' => 'Rechercher et sélectionner un élève...',
+        'select_student' => 'Sélectionnez un élève',
+        'no_student' => 'Aucun élève trouvé',
+        'more_students' => 'Et :count autres élèves...',
+        'scholarship' => 'Bourse *',
+        'select_scholarship' => 'Sélectionnez une bourse',
+        'academic_year' => 'Année académique *',
+        'select_year' => 'Sélectionnez une année',
+        'number_of_year' => "Nombre d'années",
+        'number_of_year_ph' => 'Ex: 1, 2, 3...',
+        'start_date' => 'Date de début',
+        'end_date' => 'Date de fin',
+        'extra_info' => 'Informations complémentaires',
+        'notes' => 'Notes (optionnel)',
+        'notes_ph' => 'Ajoutez des notes sur cette attribution...',
+        'saving' => 'Enregistrement...',
+    ],
+
+    'show' => [
+        'head' => 'Bourse - :name',
+        'title' => 'Attribution de bourse',
+        'subtitle' => "Détails de l'attribution de bourse à :name",
+        'student_info' => "Informations de l'élève",
+        'full_name' => 'Nom complet',
+        'matricule' => 'Matricule',
+        'gender' => 'Genre',
+        'male' => 'Masculin',
+        'female' => 'Féminin',
+        'other' => 'Autre',
+        'birth_date' => 'Date de naissance',
+        'email' => 'Email',
+        'phone' => 'Téléphone',
+        'scholarship_info' => 'Informations de la bourse',
+        'scholarship_name' => 'Nom de la bourse',
+        'type' => 'Type',
+        'max_value' => 'Valeur maximale',
+        'description' => 'Description',
+        'notes' => 'Notes',
+        'academic_year' => 'Année académique',
+        'year' => 'Année',
+        'period' => 'Période',
+        'details' => "Détails de l'attribution",
+        'award_date' => "Date d'attribution",
+        'last_modified' => 'Dernière modification',
+        'number_of_year' => "Nombre d'années",
+        'start_date' => 'Date de début',
+        'end_date' => 'Date de fin',
+    ],
+];
diff --git a/lang/fr/settings.php b/lang/fr/settings.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..146362a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lang/fr/settings.php
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+<?php
+
+return [
+    'title' => 'Paramètres',
+    'account' => 'Mon compte',
+    'account_desc' => 'Gérez votre profil et les paramètres de votre compte',
+
+    'profile' => [
+        'title' => 'Profil',
+        'desc' => 'Vos informations personnelles',
+        'page' => [
+            'breadcrumb' => 'Paramètres du compte',
+            'head' => 'Mon profil',
+            'heading' => 'Mon profil',
+            'default_name' => 'Mon profil',
+            'section_title' => 'Informations personnelles',
+            'section_desc' => 'Gérez vos informations de profil',
+            'firstname' => 'Prénom',
+            'firstname_ph' => 'Votre prénom',
+            'lastname' => 'Nom de famille',
+            'lastname_ph' => 'Votre nom',
+            'matricule' => 'Matricule',
+            'matricule_ph' => 'Non attribué',
+            'gender' => 'Genre',
+            'gender_ph' => 'Sélectionner',
+            'gender_male' => 'Masculin',
+            'gender_female' => 'Féminin',
+            'gender_other' => 'Autre',
+            'birth_date' => 'Date de naissance',
+            'email' => 'Adresse email',
+            'email_ph' => 'exemple@email.com',
+            'telephone' => 'Téléphone',
+            'telephone_ph' => '+243 XXX XXX XXX',
+            'address' => 'Adresse',
+            'address_ph' => 'Votre adresse complète',
+            'email_unverified' => "Votre adresse email n'est pas vérifiée.",
+            'email_resend' => "Cliquez ici pour renvoyer l'email de vérification.",
+            'email_link_sent' => 'Un nouveau lien de vérification a été envoyé à votre adresse email.',
+            'saving' => 'Enregistrement...',
+            'save' => 'Enregistrer',
+            'saved' => '✓ Modifications enregistrées',
+        ],
+    ],
+    'password' => [
+        'title' => 'Mot de passe',
+        'desc' => 'Modifier votre mot de passe',
+        'page' => [
+            'breadcrumb' => 'Mot de passe',
+            'head' => 'Mot de passe',
+            'heading' => 'Mot de passe',
+            'card_desc' => "Assurez-vous d'utiliser un mot de passe long et sécurisé.",
+            'current' => 'Mot de passe actuel',
+            'current_ph' => 'Entrez votre mot de passe actuel',
+            'new_section' => 'Nouveau mot de passe',
+            'new' => 'Nouveau mot de passe',
+            'new_ph' => 'Entrez un nouveau mot de passe',
+            'confirm' => 'Confirmer le mot de passe',
+            'confirm_ph' => 'Confirmez le nouveau mot de passe',
+            'tip_label' => 'Conseil :',
+            'tip' => 'Au moins 12 caractères mêlant majuscules, minuscules, chiffres et symboles. Évitez les mots de passe déjà utilisés ailleurs.',
+            'saving' => 'Modification...',
+            'submit' => 'Modifier le mot de passe',
+            'saved' => '✓ Mot de passe modifié',
+        ],
+    ],
+    'appearance' => [
+        'title' => 'Apparence',
+        'desc' => 'Thème clair, sombre ou système',
+    ],
+    'two_factor' => [
+        'title' => 'Double authentification',
+        'desc' => 'Sécurisez votre compte avec un second facteur',
+        'page' => [
+            'breadcrumb' => 'Authentification à deux facteurs',
+            'head' => 'Authentification à deux facteurs',
+            'heading' => 'Authentification à deux facteurs',
+            'card_desc' => 'Renforcez la sécurité de votre compte avec un second facteur.',
+            'enabled_badge' => 'Activée',
+            'enabled_desc' => "Avec l'authentification à deux facteurs activée, vous serez invité à saisir un code de sécurité lors de la connexion, que vous pouvez récupérer depuis l'application TOTP sur votre téléphone.",
+            'disable' => 'Désactiver 2FA',
+            'disabled_badge' => 'Désactivée',
+            'disabled_desc' => "Lorsque vous activez l'authentification à deux facteurs, vous serez invité à saisir un code de sécurité lors de la connexion. Ce code peut être récupéré depuis une application TOTP sur votre téléphone.",
+            'continue_setup' => 'Continuer la configuration',
+            'enable' => 'Activer 2FA',
+        ],
+    ],
+    'language' => [
+        'title' => 'Langue',
+        'desc' => "Langue de l'interface, enregistrée sur votre profil",
+        'label' => "Langue de l'interface",
+        'updated' => 'Langue mise à jour',
+    ],
+];
diff --git a/lang/fr/statistiques.php b/lang/fr/statistiques.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..29cbb930
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lang/fr/statistiques.php
@@ -0,0 +1,169 @@
+<?php
+
+return [
+    'title' => 'Statistiques',
+    'subtitle' => 'Indicateurs de l\'établissement — effectifs, finances et réussite.',
+    'year_ph' => 'Année',
+    'class_ph' => 'Classe',
+    'gender_ph' => 'Sexe',
+    'all_classes' => 'Toutes les classes',
+    'all' => 'Tous',
+    'boys' => 'Garçons',
+    'girls' => 'Filles',
+    'other' => 'Autre',
+    'active_suffix' => ' · active',
+    'all_cycles' => 'Tous',
+    'sort' => 'Tri',
+    'sort_level' => 'Par niveau',
+    'sort_headcount' => 'Par effectif',
+    'sort_amount' => 'Par montant',
+    'sort_rate' => 'Par taux',
+    'years_old' => ':value ans',
+
+    // Onglets
+    'tab_effectifs' => 'Effectifs & parité',
+    'tab_finances' => 'Finances & recouvrement',
+    'tab_reussite' => 'Réussite & examens',
+    'tab_encadrement' => 'Encadrement',
+    'tab_assiduite' => 'Assiduité',
+    'tab_comparaisons' => 'Comparaisons',
+    'tab_geographie' => 'Géographie',
+
+    // Effectifs
+    'kpi_total' => 'Effectif total',
+    'kpi_total_sub' => ':boys G · :girls F',
+    'kpi_ips' => 'Indice de parité (IPS)',
+    'kpi_ips_sub' => ':pct% de filles',
+    'kpi_redoublement' => 'Taux de redoublement',
+    'kpi_promotion_sub' => 'Promotion :pct%',
+    'kpi_abandon' => 'Taux d\'abandon',
+    'kpi_age_sub' => 'Âge moyen :age',
+    'card_by_class' => 'Effectifs par classe (garçons / filles)',
+    'card_by_gender' => 'Répartition par sexe',
+    'card_age_pyramid' => 'Pyramide des âges (garçons / filles)',
+    'overage_label' => 'Taux de sur-âge (≥ +:threshold ans)',
+    'overage_hint' => 'Renseignez l\'âge attendu sur les classes pour activer ce calcul.',
+    'card_city' => 'Origine géographique (top villes, par sexe)',
+    'not_filled' => 'Non renseigné',
+
+    // Finances
+    'kpi_billed' => 'Total facturé',
+    'kpi_billed_sub' => ':count factures',
+    'kpi_collected' => 'Encaissé',
+    'kpi_recovery' => 'Taux de recouvrement',
+    'kpi_remaining_sub' => ':amount restant',
+    'kpi_unpaid' => 'Impayés',
+    'kpi_unpaid_sub' => ':count partiels',
+    'card_monthly' => 'Encaissements mensuels',
+    'card_methods' => 'Modes de paiement',
+    'recovery_by_class' => 'Recouvrement par classe',
+    'card_billed_split' => 'Facturé : encaissé / reste à recouvrer',
+    'series_collected' => 'Encaissé',
+    'series_remaining' => 'Reste à recouvrer',
+    'card_recovery_rate' => 'Taux de recouvrement par classe',
+    'rate_label' => 'Taux',
+    'avg_prefix' => 'moy. :rate%',
+    'legend_high' => '≥ 80 %',
+    'legend_mid' => '60–79 %',
+    'legend_low' => '< 60 %',
+    'card_detail' => 'Détail par classe',
+    'th_class' => 'Classe',
+    'th_billed' => 'Facturé',
+    'th_collected' => 'Encaissé',
+    'th_remaining' => 'Reste',
+    'th_rate' => 'Taux',
+    'method_cash' => 'Espèces',
+    'method_mobile_money' => 'Mobile Money',
+    'method_bank_transfer' => 'Virement',
+    'method_cheque' => 'Chèque',
+
+    // Réussite
+    'kpi_bulletins' => 'Bulletins validés',
+    'kpi_average' => 'Moyenne générale',
+    'kpi_passrate' => 'Réussite interne (≥10)',
+    'kpi_admission' => 'Admission examens off.',
+    'card_mentions' => 'Répartition des mentions',
+    'mention_passable' => 'Passable',
+    'mention_assez_bien' => 'Assez bien',
+    'mention_bien' => 'Bien',
+    'mention_tres_bien' => 'Très bien',
+    'card_exams' => 'Examens officiels (CEPD / BEPC / BAC)',
+    'no_exams' => 'Aucun examen officiel pour cette année',
+    'th_exam' => 'Examen',
+    'th_registered' => 'Inscrits',
+    'th_admitted' => 'Admis',
+    'th_admission' => 'Admission',
+
+    // Encadrement
+    'kpi_rem' => 'Ratio élèves / enseignant',
+    'kpi_rem_sub' => ':count enseignants',
+    'kpi_students' => 'Effectif total',
+    'kpi_avg_class' => 'Taille moyenne / classe',
+    'kpi_avg_class_sub' => ':count classes',
+    'kpi_overcrowded' => 'Classes pléthoriques',
+    'kpi_overcrowded_sub' => '> :threshold élèves',
+    'card_class_sizes' => 'Effectif par classe (rouge = pléthorique)',
+    'series_students' => 'Élèves',
+    'card_overcrowded' => 'Classes pléthoriques à surveiller',
+    'students_count' => ':count élèves',
+
+    // Assiduité
+    'no_attendance' => 'Aucune donnée de présence pour cette période.',
+    'kpi_presence' => 'Taux de présence',
+    'kpi_presence_sub' => ':count présences',
+    'kpi_absence' => 'Taux d\'absence',
+    'kpi_absence_sub' => ':count absences',
+    'kpi_late' => 'Taux de retard',
+    'kpi_late_sub' => ':count retards',
+    'kpi_chronic' => 'Absentéisme chronique',
+    'kpi_chronic_sub' => '> :threshold absences',
+    'card_by_period' => 'Présences par période',
+    'series_present' => 'Présents',
+    'series_absent' => 'Absents',
+    'series_late' => 'Retards',
+    'card_absence_by_class' => 'Taux d\'absence par classe',
+
+    // Comparaisons
+    'need_two_years' => 'Les tendances se précisent avec au moins deux années académiques renseignées.',
+    'kpi_effectif' => 'Effectif',
+    'kpi_reussite' => 'Réussite',
+    'kpi_recouvrement' => 'Recouvrement',
+    'kpi_abandon_short' => 'Abandon',
+    'card_effectif_evol' => 'Évolution de l\'effectif',
+    'series_effectif' => 'Effectif',
+    'card_performance' => 'Performance (%)',
+    'series_reussite' => 'Réussite',
+    'series_recouvrement' => 'Recouvrement',
+    'card_deperdition' => 'Déperdition scolaire (%)',
+    'series_redoublement' => 'Redoublement',
+    'series_abandon' => 'Abandon',
+    'deperdition_hint' => 'L\'année en cours n\'est pas tracée : les décisions de fin d\'année (redoublement, abandon) ne sont pas encore arrêtées.',
+    'card_comparison' => 'Tableau comparatif',
+    'th_year' => 'Année',
+    'th_effectif' => 'Effectif',
+    'th_girls_pct' => '% filles',
+    'th_redoubl' => 'Redoubl.',
+    'th_abandon' => 'Abandon',
+    'th_recouvr' => 'Recouvr.',
+    'th_reussite' => 'Réussite',
+    'in_progress' => 'en cours',
+
+    // Géographie
+    'coverage_note_1' => 'Origine renseignée pour',
+    'coverage_note_2' => 'des élèves',
+    'coverage_note_3' => 'Complétez la région/préfecture sur la fiche élève pour affiner.',
+    'no_geo' => 'Aucune origine géographique renseignée.',
+    'kpi_coverage' => 'Couverture',
+    'kpi_coverage_sub' => ':localized / :total élèves',
+    'kpi_grand_lome' => 'Grand Lomé',
+    'kpi_grand_lome_sub' => 'Golfe + Agoè-Nyivé',
+    'kpi_regions' => 'Régions',
+    'kpi_regions_sub' => 'représentées',
+    'kpi_prefectures' => 'Préfectures',
+    'kpi_prefectures_sub' => 'd\'origine',
+    'card_origin' => 'Origine des élèves — régions et préfectures',
+    'students_tooltip' => ':value élèves',
+    'headcount_label' => 'Effectif',
+    'shade_note' => '· nuance = effectif de la préfecture',
+    'card_by_region' => 'Effectif par région',
+];
diff --git a/lang/fr/students.php b/lang/fr/students.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a6c4aea9
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lang/fr/students.php
@@ -0,0 +1,368 @@
+<?php
+
+return [
+    'title' => 'Élèves',
+    'subtitle' => 'Gérez les profils élèves de votre établissement',
+    'import' => 'Importer',
+    'new' => 'Nouvel élève',
+
+    'gender' => [
+        'male' => 'Masculin',
+        'female' => 'Féminin',
+        'unknown' => 'Non renseigné',
+    ],
+
+    'stats' => [
+        'total' => 'Total élèves',
+        'active' => 'Élèves actifs',
+        'male' => 'Élèves hommes',
+        'female' => 'Élèves femmes',
+    ],
+
+    'bulk' => [
+        'selected' => ':count élève(s) sélectionné(s)',
+        'choose' => 'Choisir une action',
+        'activate' => 'Activer',
+        'deactivate' => 'Désactiver',
+        'apply' => 'Appliquer',
+    ],
+
+    'search' => [
+        'placeholder' => 'Rechercher (nom, matricule, e-mail)...',
+        'nationality' => 'Nationalité',
+        'filters' => 'Filtres',
+        'reset_count' => 'Réinitialiser (:count)',
+    ],
+
+    'filter' => [
+        'all_classes' => 'Toutes les classes',
+        'all_years' => 'Toutes les années',
+        'schooling_all' => 'Scolarité (tous)',
+        'gender' => 'Sexe',
+        'status' => 'Statut',
+        'region' => 'Région',
+        'prefecture' => 'Préfecture',
+        'active' => 'Actif',
+        'inactive' => 'Inactif',
+    ],
+
+    'sort' => [
+        'label' => 'Trier :',
+        'created_at' => "Date d'ajout",
+        'lastname' => 'Nom',
+        'firstname' => 'Prénom',
+        'matricule' => 'Matricule',
+        'birth_date' => 'Date de naissance',
+        'asc' => 'Croissant',
+        'desc' => 'Décroissant',
+    ],
+
+    'table' => [
+        'count' => ':count élève(s)',
+        'unit' => 'élève(s)',
+        'per_page' => 'Lignes par page :',
+        'student' => 'Élève',
+        'matricule' => 'Matricule',
+        'gender' => 'Sexe',
+        'nationality' => 'Nationalité',
+        'contact' => 'Contact',
+        'status' => 'Statut',
+        'actions' => 'Actions',
+        'empty' => 'Aucun élève trouvé',
+        'select_all' => 'Sélectionner tous les élèves',
+        'select_one' => 'Sélectionner :name',
+        'view' => 'Voir la fiche',
+        'history' => 'Historique',
+        'range' => ':from–:to sur :total élèves',
+    ],
+
+    'delete' => [
+        'title' => "Supprimer l'élève",
+        'confirm' => 'Êtes-vous sûr de vouloir supprimer cet élève ? Cette action est irréversible.',
+        'deleting' => 'Suppression...',
+    ],
+
+    'admission' => [
+        'new' => 'Nouvelle inscription',
+        'transfer' => 'Transfert',
+        're_admission' => 'Ré-admission',
+    ],
+
+    'stats_page' => [
+        'title' => 'Statistiques élèves',
+        'subtitle' => "Vue démographique et effectifs des élèves inscrits pour l'année sélectionnée.",
+        'year' => 'Année',
+        'enrolled' => 'Inscrits :year',
+        'classes' => ':count classes',
+        'active' => 'Actifs',
+        'inactive' => ':count inactifs',
+        'avg_age' => 'Âge moyen',
+        'years' => ':n ans',
+        'cohort' => 'de la cohorte',
+        'over_age' => 'Sur-âge',
+        'over_age_sub' => ':count élèves en retard',
+        'boys' => 'Garçons',
+        'girls' => 'Filles',
+        'no_data' => 'Aucune donnée',
+        'gender_dist' => 'Répartition par sexe',
+        'girls_sub' => 'de filles',
+        'ips' => 'IPS',
+        'age_dist' => "Répartition par tranche d'âge",
+        'headcount' => 'Effectif',
+        'students_count' => ':v élèves',
+        'by_class' => 'Effectifs par classe',
+        'all' => 'Tous',
+        'sort' => 'Tri',
+        'by_level' => 'Par niveau',
+        'by_headcount' => 'Par effectif',
+        'no_class_filter' => 'Aucune classe pour ce filtre',
+        'total' => 'Total',
+        'seats' => 'places',
+    ],
+
+    'import_page' => [
+        'title' => 'Importer des élèves',
+        'subtitle' => "Import en masse depuis un fichier CSV (idéal en début d'année).",
+        'step1' => 'Télécharger le modèle',
+        'tmpl_intro' => 'Utilisez le modèle CSV. Colonnes :',
+        'tmpl_required_prefix' => 'Les colonnes',
+        'tmpl_required_cols' => 'prénom, nom, sexe (M/F), date de naissance (AAAA-MM-JJ)',
+        'tmpl_required_suffix' => 'sont obligatoires. Le matricule est généré si laissé vide.',
+        'download_template' => 'Télécharger le modèle CSV',
+        'step2' => 'Importer le fichier',
+        'importing' => 'Import en cours…',
+        'choose_file' => 'Cliquez pour choisir un fichier CSV',
+        'rows_read' => 'Lignes lues',
+        'imported' => 'Importés',
+        'rows_error' => 'Lignes en erreur',
+        'success' => ':count élève(s) importé(s) avec succès.',
+        'view_list' => 'Voir la liste',
+        'not_imported' => 'Lignes non importées — corrigez puis réimportez',
+        'no_name' => '(sans nom)',
+    ],
+
+    'history' => [
+        'title' => 'Historique des inscriptions',
+        'view_profile' => 'Voir le profil élève',
+        'journey' => 'Parcours scolaire',
+        'count' => ':count inscription(s)',
+        'total' => 'Total inscriptions',
+        'first_class' => 'Première classe',
+        'current_class' => 'Classe actuelle',
+        'by_class_year' => 'Parcours par classe et année scolaire',
+        'col_class' => 'Classe',
+        'col_year' => 'Année scolaire',
+        'col_date' => "Date d'inscription",
+        'col_code' => 'Code inscription',
+        'col_payment' => 'Paiement',
+        'col_schooling' => 'Scolarité',
+        'empty' => 'Aucune inscription trouvée pour cet élève.',
+        'pay' => [
+            'PAID' => 'Payé',
+            'PARTIALLY_PAID' => 'Partiel',
+            'ISSUED' => 'Impayé',
+            'NONE' => 'Sans facture',
+        ],
+    ],
+
+    'field' => [
+        'full_name' => 'Nom complet',
+        'matricule' => 'Matricule',
+        'gender' => 'Genre',
+        'status' => 'Statut',
+        'birth_date' => 'Date de naissance',
+        'place_of_birth' => 'Lieu de naissance',
+        'user_account' => 'Compte utilisateur',
+        'account_email' => 'Email compte',
+        'phone' => 'Téléphone',
+        'student_email' => 'Email élève',
+        'city' => 'Ville',
+        'nationality' => 'Nationalité',
+        'address' => 'Adresse',
+        'admission_type' => "Type d'admission",
+        'birth_cert_number' => 'N° acte de naissance',
+        'issue_date' => 'Date de délivrance',
+        'issue_place' => 'Lieu de délivrance',
+        'father' => 'Père',
+        'mother' => 'Mère',
+        'father_phone' => 'Téléphone père',
+        'mother_phone' => 'Téléphone mère',
+        'parent_email' => 'Email parent',
+        'blood_group' => 'Groupe sanguin',
+        'emergency_contact' => "Contact d'urgence",
+        'emergency_phone' => "Téléphone d'urgence",
+        'allergies' => 'Allergies',
+    ],
+
+    'show' => [
+        'title' => 'Détail élève',
+        'subtitle' => "Consultez toutes les informations de l'élève",
+        'deliver_document' => 'Délivrer un document',
+        'change_photo' => 'Changer la photo',
+        'change' => 'Changer',
+        'add_photo' => 'Ajouter une photo',
+        'photo_hint' => 'JPG, PNG ou WebP — max 2 Mo',
+        'current_schooling' => 'Scolarité actuelle (:year)',
+        'change_class' => 'Changer de classe',
+        'identity' => 'Identité',
+        'status' => 'Statut',
+        'student_active' => 'Élève actif',
+        'student_inactive' => 'Élève inactif',
+        'account' => 'Compte : :name',
+        'medical_emergency' => 'Urgence médicale',
+        'no_emergency' => "Aucun contact d'urgence renseigné",
+        'phone_missing' => 'Téléphone non renseigné',
+        'contact_fallback' => 'Contact',
+        'portal' => 'Portail élève',
+        'portal_on' => 'Accès activé',
+        'portal_off' => 'Accès non activé',
+        'portal_login' => 'connexion avec le matricule',
+        'portal_password' => 'Mot de passe (min 8)',
+        'portal_reset' => 'Réinitialiser',
+        'portal_activate' => 'Activer',
+        'portal_deactivate' => 'Désactiver',
+        'contact_account' => 'Contact & compte',
+        'admin_file' => 'Dossier administratif',
+        'parents_medical' => 'Parents & médical',
+        'emergency_available' => "Contact d'urgence disponible",
+        'docs_title' => 'Pièces du dossier',
+        'doc_name_label' => 'Nom du document *',
+        'doc_name_ph' => 'Ex: Extrait de naissance, Passeport...',
+        'doc_file_label' => 'Fichier *',
+        'adding' => 'Ajout...',
+        'docs_hint' => "Stockés dans le dossier privé de l'élève. PDF, image ou Word — max 5 Mo.",
+        'docs_empty' => 'Aucune pièce dans le dossier.',
+        'issued_docs' => 'Documents délivrés',
+        'issued_empty' => 'Aucun document délivré pour cet élève.',
+        'issued_by' => 'par :name',
+        'created_at' => 'Créé le :date',
+        'updated_at' => 'Mis à jour le :date',
+    ],
+
+    'dialog' => [
+        'deliver_desc' => 'Générez un certificat ou une attestation pour :name.',
+        'doc_type' => 'Type de document *',
+        'choose_template' => 'Choisir un modèle',
+        'class' => 'Classe',
+        'class_ph' => 'Ex: 3ème A',
+        'school_year' => 'Année scolaire',
+        'generate_pdf' => 'Générer le PDF',
+        'change_class_desc' => "Réaffecter :name pour l'année :year.",
+        'new_class' => 'Nouvelle classe',
+        'choose_class' => 'Choisir une classe',
+        'reassign_hint' => 'Les frais déjà facturés ne sont pas recalculés automatiquement.',
+        'reassign' => 'Réaffecter',
+    ],
+
+    'form' => [
+        'create_title' => 'Ajouter un élève',
+        'create_subtitle' => 'Suivez les étapes pour ajouter un nouvel élève.',
+        'edit_title' => 'Modifier un élève',
+        'edit_subtitle' => 'Mettez à jour les informations via le même formulaire par étapes.',
+        'edit_head' => 'Modifier élève',
+        'adding' => 'Ajout...',
+        'saving' => 'Enregistrement...',
+        'step' => 'Étape :n',
+        'select' => 'Sélectionner',
+        'photo_selected' => 'Sélectionné : :name',
+        'photo_hint' => 'Image (JPG, PNG…), 4 Mo max.',
+        'photo_hint_keep' => ' Laissez vide pour conserver la photo actuelle.',
+        'summary_hint' => "Vérifiez les informations avant d'ajouter l'élève.",
+        'photo_kept' => 'Photo actuelle conservée',
+        'photo_none' => 'Aucune',
+
+        'steps' => [
+            'student' => "Informations de l'élève",
+            'admin' => 'Dossier administratif',
+            'parents' => 'Parents',
+            'health' => 'Santé',
+            'summary' => 'Récapitulatif',
+        ],
+
+        'sec' => [
+            'identity' => "Identité de l'élève",
+            'birth' => 'Naissance',
+            'contact' => 'Coordonnées',
+            'photo_status' => 'Photo et statut',
+            'admission' => "Type d'admission",
+            'birth_cert' => 'Acte de naissance',
+            'father' => 'Informations du père',
+            'mother' => 'Informations de la mère',
+            'parents_contact' => 'Contact des parents',
+            'medical' => 'Informations médicales',
+            'emergency' => "Contact d'urgence",
+            'allergies' => 'Allergies et sensibilités',
+            'summary' => 'Récapitulatif',
+        ],
+
+        'lbl' => [
+            'matricule' => 'Matricule',
+            'gender' => 'Genre *',
+            'firstname' => 'Prénom *',
+            'lastname' => 'Nom *',
+            'birth_date' => 'Date de naissance *',
+            'place_of_birth' => 'Lieu de naissance',
+            'nationality' => 'Nationalité',
+            'phone' => 'Téléphone',
+            'email' => 'Email',
+            'city' => 'Ville',
+            'region' => 'Région',
+            'prefecture' => 'Préfecture',
+            'address' => 'Adresse',
+            'profile_photo' => 'Photo de profil',
+            'active' => 'Élève actif',
+            'admission_type' => "Type d'admission *",
+            'birth_cert_number' => 'N° acte de naissance',
+            'issue_date' => 'Date de délivrance',
+            'issue_place' => 'Lieu de délivrance',
+            'father_firstname' => 'Prénom du père *',
+            'father_lastname' => 'Nom du père *',
+            'father_profession' => 'Profession du père',
+            'father_phone' => 'Téléphone du père',
+            'mother_firstname' => 'Prénom de la mère *',
+            'mother_lastname' => 'Nom de la mère *',
+            'mother_profession' => 'Profession de la mère',
+            'mother_phone' => 'Téléphone de la mère',
+            'parent_email' => 'Email parent/tuteur',
+            'blood_group' => 'Groupe sanguin',
+            'vaccinations' => 'Vaccinations',
+            'emergency_contact' => "Contact d'urgence",
+            'emergency_phone' => "Téléphone d'urgence",
+            'allergies' => 'Allergies',
+        ],
+
+        'recap' => [
+            'identity' => 'Identité',
+            'birth' => 'Naissance',
+            'origin_contact' => 'Origine & contact',
+            'admin' => 'Dossier administratif',
+            'parents' => 'Parents',
+            'health' => 'Santé',
+            'photo_status' => 'Photo & statut',
+            'matricule' => 'Matricule',
+            'lastname' => 'Nom',
+            'firstname' => 'Prénom',
+            'gender' => 'Genre',
+            'date' => 'Date',
+            'place' => 'Lieu',
+            'region' => 'Région',
+            'prefecture' => 'Préfecture',
+            'city' => 'Ville',
+            'address' => 'Adresse',
+            'nationality' => 'Nationalité',
+            'phone' => 'Téléphone',
+            'email' => 'E-mail',
+            'admission_type' => "Type d'admission",
+            'birth_cert' => 'N° extrait de naissance',
+            'father' => 'Père',
+            'father_phone' => 'Tél. père',
+            'mother' => 'Mère',
+            'mother_phone' => 'Tél. mère',
+            'blood_group' => 'Groupe sanguin',
+            'emergency' => "Contact d'urgence",
+            'emergency_phone' => 'Tél. urgence',
+            'photo' => 'Photo',
+            'status' => 'Statut',
+        ],
+    ],
+];
diff --git a/lang/fr/timetable.php b/lang/fr/timetable.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..55bf2602
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lang/fr/timetable.php
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+<?php
+
+return [
+    'head' => 'Emploi du temps',
+    'title' => 'Emploi du temps',
+    'subtitle' => 'Organisez les créneaux de cours par classe pour l\'année active.',
+    'teacher_view' => 'Vue par enseignant',
+    'choose_class' => 'Choisir une classe',
+    'export_pdf' => 'Exporter en PDF',
+    'select_class_prompt' => 'Sélectionnez une classe pour afficher son emploi du temps.',
+    'add_slot' => 'Ajouter un créneau',
+    'subject_fallback' => 'Matière',
+    'edit_slot' => 'Modifier le créneau',
+    'new_slot' => 'Nouveau créneau',
+    'day' => 'Jour',
+    'start' => 'Début',
+    'end' => 'Fin',
+    'subject' => 'Matière',
+    'choose' => 'Choisir',
+    'teacher' => 'Enseignant',
+    'room' => 'Salle',
+    'room_ph' => 'Ex : Salle 12',
+    'cancel' => 'Annuler',
+    'update' => 'Mettre à jour',
+    'add' => 'Ajouter',
+
+    'head_teacher' => 'Emploi du temps — par enseignant',
+    'subtitle_teacher' => 'Programmation d\'un enseignant pour l\'année active, toutes classes confondues.',
+    'choose_teacher' => 'Choisir un enseignant',
+    'select_teacher_prompt' => 'Sélectionnez un enseignant pour afficher son emploi du temps.',
+    'no_slots_teacher' => 'Aucun créneau pour cet enseignant sur l\'année active.',
+    'slot_one' => 'créneau',
+    'slot_other' => 'créneaux',
+    'class_one' => 'classe',
+    'class_other' => 'classes',
+];
diff --git a/lang/fr/welcome.php b/lang/fr/welcome.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..c88a07a2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/lang/fr/welcome.php
@@ -0,0 +1,34 @@
+<?php
+
+return [
+    'head' => 'Dalibi — Gestion scolaire',
+    'dashboard' => 'Tableau de bord',
+    'logout' => 'Se déconnecter',
+    'login' => 'Se connecter',
+    'hello' => 'Bonjour',
+    'welcome_to' => 'Bienvenue sur',
+    'subtitle_authed' => 'Choisissez un module pour commencer.',
+    'subtitle_guest' => 'Connectez-vous pour accéder aux modules de votre établissement.',
+    'no_modules' => 'Aucun module accessible avec votre profil.',
+    'open' => 'Ouvrir',
+    'footer' => 'Dalibi — Logiciel de gestion scolaire open source pour l\'Afrique.',
+
+    'modules' => [
+        'students' => ['title' => 'Élèves', 'desc' => 'Inscriptions, dossiers et effectifs'],
+        'bulletins' => ['title' => 'Notes & Bulletins', 'desc' => 'Saisie des notes et bulletins'],
+        'exams' => ['title' => 'Examens', 'desc' => 'Évaluations et examens officiels'],
+        'attendances' => ['title' => 'Présences', 'desc' => 'Appel et suivi de l\'assiduité'],
+        'accounting' => ['title' => 'Comptabilité', 'desc' => 'Écolage, paiements et caisses'],
+        'payroll' => ['title' => 'Personnel & Paie', 'desc' => 'Employés, cycles de paie et bulletins'],
+        'archives' => ['title' => 'Documents & Archives', 'desc' => 'Certificats et archivage'],
+        'statistics' => ['title' => 'Statistiques', 'desc' => 'Indicateurs et pilotage'],
+        'calendar' => ['title' => 'Calendrier', 'desc' => 'Événements de l\'année scolaire'],
+        'timetable' => ['title' => 'Emploi du temps', 'desc' => 'Grille hebdomadaire par classe'],
+        'scholarships' => ['title' => 'Bourses', 'desc' => 'Bourses et aides d\'étudiants'],
+        'note_reclamations' => ['title' => 'Réclamations de notes', 'desc' => 'Demandes et révisions de notes'],
+        'absence_permissions' => ['title' => 'Permissions d\'absence', 'desc' => 'Demandes et justificatifs'],
+        'portal' => ['title' => 'Accès portail', 'desc' => 'Comptes parents et élèves'],
+        'users' => ['title' => 'Utilisateurs', 'desc' => 'Comptes et rôles du personnel'],
+        'audit' => ['title' => 'Journal d\'audit', 'desc' => 'Traçabilité des actions'],
+    ],
+];
diff --git a/phpstan.neon b/phpstan.neon
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..f3da84b7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/phpstan.neon
@@ -0,0 +1,24 @@
+includes:
+    - vendor/larastan/larastan/extension.neon
+
+parameters:
+    level: 5
+
+    paths:
+        - app
+        - routes
+        - database
+
+    # Larastan a besoin de connaître le répertoire des vues pour analyser les
+    # vues Blade référencées depuis le code.
+    # viewDirectories:
+    #     - resources/views
+
+    # Faux positif de framework : Illuminate\Database\Seeder::$command est typé
+    # non-nul, mais vaut null quand run() est appelé directement (hors `db:seed`),
+    # ce que font les seeders invoqués programmatiquement et SeederHardeningTest.
+    # L'accès nullsafe `$this->command?->` est donc volontaire et correct.
+    ignoreErrors:
+        -
+            message: '#Using nullsafe method call on non-nullable type Illuminate\\Console\\Command\. Use -> instead\.#'
+            path: database/seeders/*.php
diff --git a/resources/js/components/ClassroomTypes/classroom-type-form.tsx b/resources/js/components/ClassroomTypes/classroom-type-form.tsx
index a17317f9..b67801d2 100644
--- a/resources/js/components/ClassroomTypes/classroom-type-form.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/components/ClassroomTypes/classroom-type-form.tsx
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import { Checkbox } from '@/components/ui/checkbox';
 import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { Select, SelectContent, SelectItem, SelectTrigger, SelectValue } from '@/components/ui/select';
 import { Textarea } from '@/components/ui/textarea';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 
 export interface ClassroomTypeFormData {
     name: string;
@@ -31,14 +32,15 @@ export function ClassroomTypeForm({
     onSubmit,
     setData,
 }: Readonly<ClassroomTypeFormProps>) {
-    let submitLabel = 'Mettre à jour';
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
+    let submitLabel = t('parametres.common.update');
 
     if (processing && mode === 'create') {
-        submitLabel = 'Création...';
+        submitLabel = t('parametres.common.creating');
     } else if (processing) {
-        submitLabel = 'Mise à jour...';
+        submitLabel = t('parametres.common.updating');
     } else if (mode === 'create') {
-        submitLabel = 'Créer le type';
+        submitLabel = t('parametres.classroom_types.submit_create');
     }
 
     return (
@@ -48,25 +50,25 @@ export function ClassroomTypeForm({
                     <div className="w-9 h-9 rounded-full bg-blue-100 flex items-center justify-center">
                         <Tag className="w-5 h-5 text-blue-600" />
                     </div>
-                    <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">Informations du type</h3>
+                    <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.classroom_types.form_section')}</h3>
                 </div>
 
                 <div className="grid grid-cols-1 gap-4">
                     <div>
-                        <label htmlFor="name" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Nom *</label>
+                        <label htmlFor="name" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{t('parametres.classroom_types.name_label')}</label>
                         <Input
                             id="name"
                             value={data.name}
                             onChange={(event) => setData('name', event.target.value)}
                             disabled={processing}
                             className={errors.name ? 'border-red-500 bg-red-50/40' : 'border-gray-200 bg-white focus-visible:ring-blue-500'}
-                            placeholder="Ex: Classe générale"
+                            placeholder={t('parametres.classroom_types.name_ph')}
                         />
                         {errors.name && <p className="text-sm text-red-600 mt-1">{errors.name}</p>}
                     </div>
 
                     <div>
-                        <label htmlFor="description" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Description</label>
+                        <label htmlFor="description" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{t('parametres.classroom_types.description_label')}</label>
                         <Textarea
                             id="description"
                             rows={4}
@@ -74,7 +76,7 @@ export function ClassroomTypeForm({
                             onChange={(event) => setData('description', event.target.value)}
                             disabled={processing}
                             className={errors.description ? 'border-red-500 bg-red-50/40' : 'border-gray-200 bg-white focus-visible:ring-blue-500'}
-                            placeholder="Description du type de classe..."
+                            placeholder={t('parametres.classroom_types.description_ph')}
                         />
                         {errors.description && <p className="text-sm text-red-600 mt-1">{errors.description}</p>}
                     </div>
@@ -82,16 +84,16 @@ export function ClassroomTypeForm({
                     <div>
                         <label className="flex items-center gap-2 text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
                             <CalendarRange className="w-4 h-4 text-blue-600" />
-                            Système de périodes *
+                            {t('parametres.classroom_types.period_label')}
                         </label>
                         <Select value={data.period_system} onValueChange={(v) => setData('period_system', v as 'trimestre' | 'semestre')} disabled={processing}>
                             <SelectTrigger className={errors.period_system ? 'border-red-500' : ''}><SelectValue /></SelectTrigger>
                             <SelectContent>
-                                <SelectItem value="trimestre">Trimestre (3 périodes)</SelectItem>
-                                <SelectItem value="semestre">Semestre (2 périodes)</SelectItem>
+                                <SelectItem value="trimestre">{t('parametres.classroom_types.period_trimestre')}</SelectItem>
+                                <SelectItem value="semestre">{t('parametres.classroom_types.period_semestre')}</SelectItem>
                             </SelectContent>
                         </Select>
-                        <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 mt-1">Détermine le découpage de l'année (bulletins, évaluations) pour ce type de classe.</p>
+                        <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 mt-1">{t('parametres.classroom_types.period_hint')}</p>
                         {errors.period_system && <p className="text-sm text-red-600 mt-1">{errors.period_system}</p>}
                     </div>
                 </div>
@@ -102,7 +104,7 @@ export function ClassroomTypeForm({
                     <div className="w-9 h-9 rounded-full bg-emerald-100 flex items-center justify-center">
                         <CheckCircle2 className="w-5 h-5 text-emerald-600" />
                     </div>
-                    <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">Statut</h3>
+                    <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.classroom_types.status_section')}</h3>
                 </div>
 
                 <div className="flex items-center gap-3">
@@ -111,13 +113,13 @@ export function ClassroomTypeForm({
                         checked={data.active}
                         onCheckedChange={(checked) => setData('active', checked === true)}
                     />
-                    <label htmlFor="active" className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Type actif</label>
+                    <label htmlFor="active" className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('parametres.classroom_types.active_label')}</label>
                 </div>
             </div>
 
             <div className="flex gap-3 pt-2">
                 <Button type="button" variant="outline" onClick={onCancel} disabled={processing} className="flex-1 border-gray-200 text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-50">
-                    Annuler
+                    {t('parametres.common.cancel')}
                 </Button>
                 <Button type="submit" disabled={processing} className="flex-1 gap-2 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700 shadow-sm">
                     <Save className="w-4 h-4" />
diff --git a/resources/js/components/Classrooms/classroom-form.tsx b/resources/js/components/Classrooms/classroom-form.tsx
index 8b686462..d1e7651e 100644
--- a/resources/js/components/Classrooms/classroom-form.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/components/Classrooms/classroom-form.tsx
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { Building2, Save, Users } from 'lucide-react';
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 
 export interface ClassroomTypeOption {
     id: string;
@@ -36,14 +37,15 @@ export function ClassroomForm({
     onSubmit,
     setData,
 }: Readonly<ClassroomFormProps>) {
-    let submitLabel = 'Mettre à jour';
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
+    let submitLabel = t('parametres.common.update');
 
     if (processing && mode === 'create') {
-        submitLabel = 'Création...';
+        submitLabel = t('parametres.classrooms.creating');
     } else if (processing) {
-        submitLabel = 'Mise à jour...';
+        submitLabel = t('parametres.common.updating');
     } else if (mode === 'create') {
-        submitLabel = 'Créer la classe';
+        submitLabel = t('parametres.classrooms.submit_create');
     }
 
     return (
@@ -53,38 +55,38 @@ export function ClassroomForm({
                     <div className="w-9 h-9 rounded-full bg-blue-100 flex items-center justify-center">
                         <Building2 className="w-5 h-5 text-blue-600" />
                     </div>
-                    <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">Informations de la classe</h3>
+                    <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.classrooms.form_info')}</h3>
                 </div>
 
                 <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-4">
                     <div>
-                        <label htmlFor="name" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Nom *</label>
+                        <label htmlFor="name" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{t('parametres.classrooms.label_name')} *</label>
                         <Input
                             id="name"
                             value={data.name}
                             onChange={(event) => setData('name', event.target.value)}
                             disabled={processing}
                             className={errors.name ? 'border-red-500 bg-red-50/40' : 'border-gray-200 bg-white focus-visible:ring-blue-500'}
-                            placeholder="Ex: 6e A"
+                            placeholder={t('parametres.classrooms.name_ph')}
                         />
                         {errors.name && <p className="text-sm text-red-600 mt-1">{errors.name}</p>}
                     </div>
 
                     <div>
-                        <label htmlFor="code" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Code *</label>
+                        <label htmlFor="code" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{t('parametres.classrooms.label_code')} *</label>
                         <Input
                             id="code"
                             value={data.code}
                             onChange={(event) => setData('code', event.target.value)}
                             disabled={processing}
                             className={errors.code ? 'border-red-500 bg-red-50/40' : 'border-gray-200 bg-white focus-visible:ring-blue-500'}
-                            placeholder="Ex: 6A-2026"
+                            placeholder={t('parametres.classrooms.code_ph')}
                         />
                         {errors.code && <p className="text-sm text-red-600 mt-1">{errors.code}</p>}
                     </div>
 
                     <div>
-                        <label htmlFor="capacity" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Capacité *</label>
+                        <label htmlFor="capacity" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{t('parametres.classrooms.label_capacity')} *</label>
                         <Input
                             id="capacity"
                             type="number"
@@ -102,13 +104,13 @@ export function ClassroomForm({
                     </div>
 
                     <div>
-                        <label htmlFor="expected_age" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Âge attendu</label>
+                        <label htmlFor="expected_age" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{t('parametres.classrooms.label_expected_age')}</label>
                         <Input
                             id="expected_age"
                             type="number"
                             min={3}
                             max={30}
-                            placeholder="Ex. 12"
+                            placeholder={t('parametres.classrooms.expected_age_ph')}
                             value={data.expected_age ?? ''}
                             onChange={(event) => {
                                 const v = event.target.value;
@@ -117,12 +119,12 @@ export function ClassroomForm({
                             disabled={processing}
                             className={errors.expected_age ? 'border-red-500 bg-red-50/40' : 'border-gray-200 bg-white focus-visible:ring-blue-500'}
                         />
-                        <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 mt-1">Âge officiel attendu (base du calcul de sur-âge).</p>
+                        <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 mt-1">{t('parametres.classrooms.expected_age_hint')}</p>
                         {errors.expected_age && <p className="text-sm text-red-600 mt-1">{errors.expected_age}</p>}
                     </div>
 
                     <div>
-                        <label htmlFor="classroom_type_id" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Type de classe</label>
+                        <label htmlFor="classroom_type_id" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{t('parametres.classrooms.label_type')}</label>
                         <select
                             id="classroom_type_id"
                             value={data.classroom_type_id}
@@ -134,7 +136,7 @@ export function ClassroomForm({
                                     : 'border-gray-200 bg-white focus-visible:ring-2 focus-visible:ring-blue-500'
                             }`}
                         >
-                            <option value="">Aucun type</option>
+                            <option value="">{t('parametres.classrooms.type_none')}</option>
                             {classroomTypes.map((type) => (
                                 <option key={type.id} value={type.id}>
                                     {type.name}
@@ -151,16 +153,16 @@ export function ClassroomForm({
                     <div className="w-9 h-9 rounded-full bg-emerald-100 flex items-center justify-center">
                         <Users className="w-5 h-5 text-emerald-600" />
                     </div>
-                    <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">Aperçu</h3>
+                    <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.classrooms.preview')}</h3>
                 </div>
                 <p className="text-sm text-gray-700">
-                    Cette classe accueillera jusqu'à <span className="font-semibold">{data.capacity || 0}</span> élèves.
+                    {t('parametres.classrooms.preview_text_before')} <span className="font-semibold">{data.capacity || 0}</span> {t('parametres.classrooms.preview_text_after')}
                 </p>
             </div>
 
             <div className="flex gap-3 pt-2">
                 <Button type="button" variant="outline" onClick={onCancel} disabled={processing} className="flex-1 border-gray-200 text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-50">
-                    Annuler
+                    {t('parametres.common.cancel')}
                 </Button>
                 <Button type="submit" disabled={processing} className="flex-1 gap-2 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700 shadow-sm">
                     <Save className="w-4 h-4" />
diff --git a/resources/js/components/Countries/country-form.tsx b/resources/js/components/Countries/country-form.tsx
index ad5fbea5..84363d3b 100644
--- a/resources/js/components/Countries/country-form.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/components/Countries/country-form.tsx
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { Globe, Save } from 'lucide-react';
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 
 export interface CountryFormData {
     name: string;
@@ -18,10 +19,11 @@ interface CountryFormProps {
 }
 
 export function CountryForm({ mode, data, errors, processing, onCancel, onSubmit, setData }: Readonly<CountryFormProps>) {
-    let submitLabel = 'Mettre à jour';
-    if (processing && mode === 'create') submitLabel = 'Création...';
-    else if (processing) submitLabel = 'Mise à jour...';
-    else if (mode === 'create') submitLabel = 'Créer le pays';
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
+    let submitLabel = t('parametres.common.update');
+    if (processing && mode === 'create') submitLabel = t('parametres.common.creating');
+    else if (processing) submitLabel = t('parametres.common.updating');
+    else if (mode === 'create') submitLabel = t('parametres.countries.submit_create');
 
     return (
         <form onSubmit={onSubmit} className="space-y-6">
@@ -30,34 +32,34 @@ export function CountryForm({ mode, data, errors, processing, onCancel, onSubmit
                     <div className="w-9 h-9 rounded-full bg-blue-100 flex items-center justify-center">
                         <Globe className="w-5 h-5 text-blue-600" />
                     </div>
-                    <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">Informations du pays</h3>
+                    <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.countries.form_section')}</h3>
                 </div>
 
                 <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-4">
                     <div>
-                        <label htmlFor="name" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Nom *</label>
+                        <label htmlFor="name" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{t('parametres.countries.name')} *</label>
                         <Input
                             id="name"
                             value={data.name}
                             onChange={(event) => setData('name', event.target.value)}
                             disabled={processing}
-                            placeholder="Ex: Togo"
+                            placeholder={t('parametres.countries.name_ph')}
                             className={errors.name ? 'border-red-500 bg-red-50/40' : 'border-gray-200 bg-white focus-visible:ring-blue-500'}
                         />
                         {errors.name && <p className="text-sm text-red-600 mt-1">{errors.name}</p>}
                     </div>
 
                     <div>
-                        <label htmlFor="code" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Code *</label>
+                        <label htmlFor="code" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{t('parametres.countries.code')} *</label>
                         <Input
                             id="code"
                             value={data.code}
                             onChange={(event) => setData('code', event.target.value.toUpperCase())}
                             disabled={processing}
-                            placeholder="Ex: TG"
+                            placeholder={t('parametres.countries.code_ph')}
                             className={errors.code ? 'border-red-500 bg-red-50/40' : 'border-gray-200 bg-white focus-visible:ring-blue-500'}
                         />
-                        <p className="text-xs text-gray-500 mt-1">Code unique (ex. ISO : TG, BJ, CI…).</p>
+                        <p className="text-xs text-gray-500 mt-1">{t('parametres.countries.code_hint')}</p>
                         {errors.code && <p className="text-sm text-red-600 mt-1">{errors.code}</p>}
                     </div>
                 </div>
@@ -65,7 +67,7 @@ export function CountryForm({ mode, data, errors, processing, onCancel, onSubmit
 
             <div className="flex gap-3 pt-2">
                 <Button type="button" variant="outline" onClick={onCancel} disabled={processing} className="flex-1 border-gray-200 text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-50">
-                    Annuler
+                    {t('parametres.common.cancel')}
                 </Button>
                 <Button type="submit" disabled={processing} className="flex-1 gap-2 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700 shadow-sm">
                     <Save className="w-4 h-4" />
diff --git a/resources/js/components/Employees/employee-form.tsx b/resources/js/components/Employees/employee-form.tsx
index 4c2bd08e..20b53e48 100644
--- a/resources/js/components/Employees/employee-form.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/components/Employees/employee-form.tsx
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import {
     Select, SelectContent, SelectItem, SelectTrigger, SelectValue,
 } from '@/components/ui/select';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 
 export interface UserOption { id: string; name: string; email: string | null; }
 export interface ContractType { value: string; label: string; }
@@ -29,16 +30,16 @@ export interface EmployeeFormData {
 }
 
 const PAYMENT_METHODS = [
-    { value: 'CASH', label: 'Espèces' },
-    { value: 'MOBILE_MONEY', label: 'Mobile Money' },
-    { value: 'BANK_TRANSFER', label: 'Virement bancaire' },
-    { value: 'CHEQUE', label: 'Chèque' },
+    { value: 'CASH', key: 'method_cash' },
+    { value: 'MOBILE_MONEY', key: 'method_mobile_money' },
+    { value: 'BANK_TRANSFER', key: 'method_bank_transfer' },
+    { value: 'CHEQUE', key: 'method_cheque' },
 ];
 
 const STATUSES = [
-    { value: 'active', label: 'Actif' },
-    { value: 'suspended', label: 'Suspendu' },
-    { value: 'terminated', label: 'Sorti des effectifs' },
+    { value: 'active', key: 'status_active' },
+    { value: 'suspended', key: 'status_suspended' },
+    { value: 'terminated', key: 'status_terminated' },
 ];
 
 interface Props {
@@ -60,14 +61,16 @@ function Err({ msg }: { msg?: string }) {
 }
 
 export function EmployeeForm({ mode, data, errors, processing, contractTypes, salaryGrades = [], users = [], employeeName, onSubmit, onCancel, setData }: Readonly<Props>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
+    const ef = (k: string, params?: Record<string, string | number>) => t('administration.users.employee_form.' + k, params);
     const selectedGrade = salaryGrades.find(g => g.id === data.salary_grade_id) ?? null;
     const isMoMo = data.payment_method === 'MOBILE_MONEY';
     const isBank = data.payment_method === 'BANK_TRANSFER' || data.payment_method === 'CHEQUE';
 
-    let submitLabel = 'Mettre à jour';
-    if (processing && mode === 'create') submitLabel = 'Enregistrement...';
-    else if (processing) submitLabel = 'Mise à jour...';
-    else if (mode === 'create') submitLabel = "Enregistrer l'employé";
+    let submitLabel = ef('update');
+    if (processing && mode === 'create') submitLabel = ef('saving');
+    else if (processing) submitLabel = ef('updating');
+    else if (mode === 'create') submitLabel = ef('create');
 
     return (
         <form onSubmit={onSubmit} className="space-y-6 max-w-4xl">
@@ -76,16 +79,16 @@ export function EmployeeForm({ mode, data, errors, processing, contractTypes, sa
             <div className="rounded-2xl bg-linear-to-br from-blue-50 to-white ring-1 ring-blue-100 p-6 shadow-sm space-y-4">
                 <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-blue-700">
                     <UserCircle className="h-4 w-4" />
-                    <p className="text-sm font-semibold">Identité &amp; poste</p>
+                    <p className="text-sm font-semibold">{ef('identity')}</p>
                 </div>
 
                 <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-4">
                     {mode === 'create' ? (
                         <div>
-                            <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Utilisateur associé *</label>
+                            <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{ef('user')}</label>
                             <Select value={data.user_id} onValueChange={(v) => setData('user_id', v)}>
                                 <SelectTrigger className={errors.user_id ? 'border-red-500' : ''}>
-                                    <SelectValue placeholder="Sélectionner un utilisateur" />
+                                    <SelectValue placeholder={ef('select_user')} />
                                 </SelectTrigger>
                                 <SelectContent>
                                     {users.map(u => (
@@ -97,34 +100,34 @@ export function EmployeeForm({ mode, data, errors, processing, contractTypes, sa
                         </div>
                     ) : (
                         <div>
-                            <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Employé</label>
+                            <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{ef('employee')}</label>
                             <Input value={employeeName ?? ''} disabled />
                         </div>
                     )}
 
                     <div>
-                        <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Matricule employé</label>
-                        <Input value={data.employee_number} onChange={e => setData('employee_number', e.target.value)} placeholder="Auto si vide" className={errors.employee_number ? 'border-red-500' : ''} />
+                        <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{ef('employee_number')}</label>
+                        <Input value={data.employee_number} onChange={e => setData('employee_number', e.target.value)} placeholder={ef('employee_number_ph')} className={errors.employee_number ? 'border-red-500' : ''} />
                         <Err msg={errors.employee_number} />
                     </div>
 
                     <div>
-                        <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Poste *</label>
-                        <Input value={data.job_title} onChange={e => setData('job_title', e.target.value)} placeholder="Ex: Enseignant, Surveillant…" className={errors.job_title ? 'border-red-500' : ''} />
+                        <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{ef('job')}</label>
+                        <Input value={data.job_title} onChange={e => setData('job_title', e.target.value)} placeholder={ef('job_ph')} className={errors.job_title ? 'border-red-500' : ''} />
                         <Err msg={errors.job_title} />
                     </div>
 
                     <div>
-                        <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Département / service</label>
-                        <Input value={data.department} onChange={e => setData('department', e.target.value)} placeholder="Ex: Primaire, Administration…" />
+                        <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{ef('department')}</label>
+                        <Input value={data.department} onChange={e => setData('department', e.target.value)} placeholder={ef('department_ph')} />
                         <Err msg={errors.department} />
                     </div>
 
                     <div>
-                        <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Type de contrat *</label>
+                        <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{ef('contract')}</label>
                         <Select value={data.contract_type} onValueChange={(v) => setData('contract_type', v)}>
                             <SelectTrigger className={errors.contract_type ? 'border-red-500' : ''}>
-                                <SelectValue placeholder="Sélectionner" />
+                                <SelectValue placeholder={ef('select')} />
                             </SelectTrigger>
                             <SelectContent>
                                 {contractTypes.map(c => <SelectItem key={c.value} value={c.value}>{c.label}</SelectItem>)}
@@ -134,13 +137,13 @@ export function EmployeeForm({ mode, data, errors, processing, contractTypes, sa
                     </div>
 
                     <div>
-                        <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Statut *</label>
+                        <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{ef('status')}</label>
                         <Select value={data.status} onValueChange={(v) => setData('status', v)}>
                             <SelectTrigger className={errors.status ? 'border-red-500' : ''}>
-                                <SelectValue placeholder="Sélectionner" />
+                                <SelectValue placeholder={ef('select')} />
                             </SelectTrigger>
                             <SelectContent>
-                                {STATUSES.map(s => <SelectItem key={s.value} value={s.value}>{s.label}</SelectItem>)}
+                                {STATUSES.map(s => <SelectItem key={s.value} value={s.value}>{ef(s.key)}</SelectItem>)}
                             </SelectContent>
                         </Select>
                         <Err msg={errors.status} />
@@ -152,39 +155,39 @@ export function EmployeeForm({ mode, data, errors, processing, contractTypes, sa
             <div className="rounded-2xl bg-linear-to-br from-emerald-50 to-white ring-1 ring-emerald-100 p-6 shadow-sm space-y-4">
                 <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-emerald-700">
                     <Wallet className="h-4 w-4" />
-                    <p className="text-sm font-semibold">Rémunération &amp; paiement</p>
+                    <p className="text-sm font-semibold">{ef('remuneration')}</p>
                 </div>
 
                 <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-4">
                     <div className="md:col-span-2">
-                        <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Grille salariale</label>
+                        <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{ef('grade')}</label>
                         <Select value={data.salary_grade_id || 'none'} onValueChange={(v) => setData('salary_grade_id', v === 'none' ? '' : v)}>
-                            <SelectTrigger><SelectValue placeholder="Aucune (salaire saisi manuellement)" /></SelectTrigger>
+                            <SelectTrigger><SelectValue placeholder={ef('no_grade_ph')} /></SelectTrigger>
                             <SelectContent>
-                                <SelectItem value="none">Aucune (hors grille)</SelectItem>
+                                <SelectItem value="none">{ef('no_grade')}</SelectItem>
                                 {salaryGrades.map(g => <SelectItem key={g.id} value={g.id}>{g.name} — {g.base_amount.toLocaleString('fr-FR')} F</SelectItem>)}
                             </SelectContent>
                         </Select>
-                        {selectedGrade && <p className="text-xs text-emerald-600 mt-1">Salaire de base : {selectedGrade.base_amount.toLocaleString('fr-FR')} F (issu de la grille)</p>}
+                        {selectedGrade && <p className="text-xs text-emerald-600 mt-1">{ef('grade_base', { amount: `${selectedGrade.base_amount.toLocaleString('fr-FR')} F` })}</p>}
                         <Err msg={errors.salary_grade_id} />
                     </div>
 
                     <div>
                         <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
-                            {selectedGrade ? 'Salaire de base (ignoré, grille active)' : 'Salaire de base mensuel (F) *'}
+                            {selectedGrade ? ef('base_ignored') : ef('base')}
                         </label>
-                        <Input type="number" min={0} value={data.base_salary} onChange={e => setData('base_salary', e.target.value)} placeholder="Ex: 120000" disabled={!!selectedGrade} className={errors.base_salary ? 'border-red-500' : ''} />
+                        <Input type="number" min={0} value={data.base_salary} onChange={e => setData('base_salary', e.target.value)} placeholder={ef('base_ph')} disabled={!!selectedGrade} className={errors.base_salary ? 'border-red-500' : ''} />
                         <Err msg={errors.base_salary} />
                     </div>
 
                     <div>
-                        <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Méthode de paiement *</label>
+                        <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{ef('payment_method')}</label>
                         <Select value={data.payment_method} onValueChange={(v) => setData('payment_method', v)}>
                             <SelectTrigger className={errors.payment_method ? 'border-red-500' : ''}>
-                                <SelectValue placeholder="Sélectionner" />
+                                <SelectValue placeholder={ef('select')} />
                             </SelectTrigger>
                             <SelectContent>
-                                {PAYMENT_METHODS.map(p => <SelectItem key={p.value} value={p.value}>{p.label}</SelectItem>)}
+                                {PAYMENT_METHODS.map(p => <SelectItem key={p.value} value={p.value}>{ef(p.key)}</SelectItem>)}
                             </SelectContent>
                         </Select>
                         <Err msg={errors.payment_method} />
@@ -192,8 +195,8 @@ export function EmployeeForm({ mode, data, errors, processing, contractTypes, sa
 
                     {isMoMo && (
                         <div>
-                            <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Numéro Mobile Money</label>
-                            <Input value={data.momo_number} onChange={e => setData('momo_number', e.target.value)} placeholder="Ex: +228 90 00 00 00" />
+                            <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{ef('momo_number')}</label>
+                            <Input value={data.momo_number} onChange={e => setData('momo_number', e.target.value)} placeholder={ef('momo_number_ph')} />
                             <Err msg={errors.momo_number} />
                         </div>
                     )}
@@ -201,12 +204,12 @@ export function EmployeeForm({ mode, data, errors, processing, contractTypes, sa
                     {isBank && (
                         <>
                             <div>
-                                <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Banque</label>
-                                <Input value={data.bank_name} onChange={e => setData('bank_name', e.target.value)} placeholder="Ex: Ecobank" />
+                                <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{ef('bank_name')}</label>
+                                <Input value={data.bank_name} onChange={e => setData('bank_name', e.target.value)} placeholder={ef('bank_name_ph')} />
                                 <Err msg={errors.bank_name} />
                             </div>
                             <div>
-                                <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">N° de compte</label>
+                                <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{ef('bank_account')}</label>
                                 <Input value={data.bank_account} onChange={e => setData('bank_account', e.target.value)} />
                                 <Err msg={errors.bank_account} />
                             </div>
@@ -214,8 +217,8 @@ export function EmployeeForm({ mode, data, errors, processing, contractTypes, sa
                     )}
 
                     <div>
-                        <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">N° CNSS</label>
-                        <Input value={data.cnss_number} onChange={e => setData('cnss_number', e.target.value)} placeholder="Sécurité sociale" />
+                        <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{ef('cnss_number')}</label>
+                        <Input value={data.cnss_number} onChange={e => setData('cnss_number', e.target.value)} placeholder={ef('cnss_number_ph')} />
                         <Err msg={errors.cnss_number} />
                     </div>
                 </div>
@@ -225,22 +228,22 @@ export function EmployeeForm({ mode, data, errors, processing, contractTypes, sa
             <div className="rounded-2xl bg-linear-to-br from-slate-50 to-white ring-1 ring-slate-100 p-6 shadow-sm space-y-4">
                 <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-slate-600">
                     <CalendarDays className="h-4 w-4" />
-                    <p className="text-sm font-semibold">Contrat &amp; notes</p>
+                    <p className="text-sm font-semibold">{ef('contract_notes')}</p>
                 </div>
 
                 <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-4">
                     <div>
-                        <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Date d'embauche</label>
+                        <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{ef('hire_date')}</label>
                         <Input type="date" value={data.hire_date} onChange={e => setData('hire_date', e.target.value)} className={errors.hire_date ? 'border-red-500' : ''} />
                         <Err msg={errors.hire_date} />
                     </div>
                     <div>
-                        <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Date de fin (si applicable)</label>
+                        <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{ef('end_date')}</label>
                         <Input type="date" value={data.end_date} onChange={e => setData('end_date', e.target.value)} className={errors.end_date ? 'border-red-500' : ''} />
                         <Err msg={errors.end_date} />
                     </div>
                     <div className="md:col-span-2">
-                        <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Notes</label>
+                        <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{ef('notes')}</label>
                         <textarea value={data.notes} onChange={e => setData('notes', e.target.value)} rows={3} className="w-full px-3 py-2 rounded-lg border border-slate-200 bg-white focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-blue-500" />
                         <Err msg={errors.notes} />
                     </div>
@@ -249,7 +252,7 @@ export function EmployeeForm({ mode, data, errors, processing, contractTypes, sa
 
             <div className="flex gap-3">
                 <Button type="submit" disabled={processing} className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700">{submitLabel}</Button>
-                <Button type="button" variant="outline" className="border-slate-200 text-gray-700" onClick={onCancel}>Annuler</Button>
+                <Button type="button" variant="outline" className="border-slate-200 text-gray-700" onClick={onCancel}>{ef('cancel')}</Button>
             </div>
         </form>
     );
diff --git a/resources/js/components/EvaluationTypes/evaluation-type-form.tsx b/resources/js/components/EvaluationTypes/evaluation-type-form.tsx
index e646df7f..63a5e305 100644
--- a/resources/js/components/EvaluationTypes/evaluation-type-form.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/components/EvaluationTypes/evaluation-type-form.tsx
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { Select, SelectContent, SelectItem, SelectTrigger, SelectValue } from '@/components/ui/select';
 import { Textarea } from '@/components/ui/textarea';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 
 export interface EvaluationTypeFormData {
     name: string;
@@ -10,10 +11,7 @@ export interface EvaluationTypeFormData {
     description: string;
 }
 
-const CATEGORY_LABELS: Record<string, string> = {
-    continu: 'Contrôle continu (note de classe)',
-    composition: 'Composition (examen)',
-};
+const CATEGORY_KEYS = ['continu', 'composition'] as const;
 
 interface EvaluationTypeFormProps {
     mode: 'create' | 'edit';
@@ -34,14 +32,20 @@ export function EvaluationTypeForm({
     onSubmit,
     setData,
 }: Readonly<EvaluationTypeFormProps>) {
-    let submitLabel = 'Mettre à jour';
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
+    const categoryLabel = (key: string) =>
+        key === 'continu' || key === 'composition'
+            ? t(`parametres.evaluation_types.cat_${key}`)
+            : key;
+
+    let submitLabel = t('parametres.common.update');
 
     if (processing && mode === 'create') {
-        submitLabel = 'Création...';
+        submitLabel = t('parametres.common.creating');
     } else if (processing) {
-        submitLabel = 'Mise à jour...';
+        submitLabel = t('parametres.common.updating');
     } else if (mode === 'create') {
-        submitLabel = 'Créer le type';
+        submitLabel = t('parametres.evaluation_types.submit_create');
     }
 
     return (
@@ -51,48 +55,48 @@ export function EvaluationTypeForm({
                     <div className="w-9 h-9 rounded-full bg-blue-100 flex items-center justify-center">
                         <ClipboardList className="w-5 h-5 text-blue-600" />
                     </div>
-                    <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">Informations du type d'évaluation</h3>
+                    <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.evaluation_types.form_section')}</h3>
                 </div>
 
                 <div className="space-y-4">
                     <div>
-                        <label htmlFor="name" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Nom *</label>
+                        <label htmlFor="name" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{t('parametres.evaluation_types.name_label')}</label>
                         <Input
                             id="name"
                             value={data.name}
                             onChange={(event) => setData('name', event.target.value)}
                             disabled={processing}
-                            placeholder="Ex: Devoir surveillé"
+                            placeholder={t('parametres.evaluation_types.name_ph')}
                             className={errors.name ? 'border-red-500 bg-red-50/40' : 'border-gray-200 bg-white focus-visible:ring-blue-500'}
                         />
                         {errors.name && <p className="text-sm text-red-600 mt-1">{errors.name}</p>}
                     </div>
 
                     <div>
-                        <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Catégorie *</label>
+                        <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{t('parametres.evaluation_types.category_label')}</label>
                         <Select value={data.category} onValueChange={(v) => setData('category', v)} disabled={processing}>
                             <SelectTrigger className={errors.category ? 'border-red-500 bg-red-50/40' : 'border-gray-200 bg-white'}>
-                                <SelectValue placeholder="Choisir une catégorie" />
+                                <SelectValue placeholder={t('parametres.evaluation_types.category_ph')} />
                             </SelectTrigger>
                             <SelectContent>
-                                {Object.entries(CATEGORY_LABELS).map(([value, label]) => (
-                                    <SelectItem key={value} value={value}>{label}</SelectItem>
+                                {CATEGORY_KEYS.map((value) => (
+                                    <SelectItem key={value} value={value}>{categoryLabel(value)}</SelectItem>
                                 ))}
                             </SelectContent>
                         </Select>
-                        <p className="text-xs text-gray-500 mt-1">Détermine si les notes alimentent la « note de classe » ou la « composition » du bulletin.</p>
+                        <p className="text-xs text-gray-500 mt-1">{t('parametres.evaluation_types.category_hint')}</p>
                         {errors.category && <p className="text-sm text-red-600 mt-1">{errors.category}</p>}
                     </div>
 
                     <div>
-                        <label htmlFor="description" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Description</label>
+                        <label htmlFor="description" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{t('parametres.evaluation_types.description_label')}</label>
                         <Textarea
                             id="description"
                             rows={4}
                             value={data.description}
                             onChange={(event) => setData('description', event.target.value)}
                             disabled={processing}
-                            placeholder="Précisez le contexte pédagogique de ce type d'évaluation..."
+                            placeholder={t('parametres.evaluation_types.description_ph')}
                             className={errors.description ? 'border-red-500 bg-red-50/40' : 'border-gray-200 bg-white focus-visible:ring-blue-500'}
                         />
                         {errors.description && <p className="text-sm text-red-600 mt-1">{errors.description}</p>}
@@ -105,20 +109,20 @@ export function EvaluationTypeForm({
                     <div className="w-9 h-9 rounded-full bg-amber-100 flex items-center justify-center">
                         <Sparkles className="w-5 h-5 text-amber-600" />
                     </div>
-                    <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">Aperçu</h3>
+                    <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.evaluation_types.preview')}</h3>
                 </div>
                 <p className="text-sm text-gray-700 mt-3">
-                    <span className="font-semibold">{data.name || 'Nom du type'}</span>
-                    {data.category && <span className="ml-2 text-xs text-gray-500">— {CATEGORY_LABELS[data.category] ?? data.category}</span>}
+                    <span className="font-semibold">{data.name || t('parametres.evaluation_types.preview_name')}</span>
+                    {data.category && <span className="ml-2 text-xs text-gray-500">— {categoryLabel(data.category)}</span>}
                 </p>
                 <p className="text-sm text-gray-600 mt-1 whitespace-pre-wrap">
-                    {data.description || 'Aucune description renseignée.'}
+                    {data.description || t('parametres.evaluation_types.preview_no_description')}
                 </p>
             </div>
 
             <div className="flex gap-3 pt-2">
                 <Button type="button" variant="outline" onClick={onCancel} disabled={processing} className="flex-1 border-gray-200 text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-50">
-                    Annuler
+                    {t('parametres.common.cancel')}
                 </Button>
                 <Button type="submit" disabled={processing} className="flex-1 gap-2 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700 shadow-sm">
                     <Save className="w-4 h-4" />
diff --git a/resources/js/components/Guardians/guardian-form.tsx b/resources/js/components/Guardians/guardian-form.tsx
index 1c62233b..5692a454 100644
--- a/resources/js/components/Guardians/guardian-form.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/components/Guardians/guardian-form.tsx
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import { Checkbox } from '@/components/ui/checkbox';
 import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { Label } from '@/components/ui/label';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 
 export interface StudentRef {
     matricule: string;
@@ -33,6 +34,7 @@ interface Props {
 }
 
 export function GuardianForm({ data, setData, errors, processing, mode, initialChildren = [], onSubmit, onCancel }: Readonly<Props>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     // Enfants sélectionnés (objets avec libellé) — la donnée soumise reste les matricules.
     const [selected, setSelected] = useState<StudentRef[]>(initialChildren);
     const [query, setQuery] = useState('');
@@ -80,12 +82,12 @@ export function GuardianForm({ data, setData, errors, processing, mode, initialC
             <div className="rounded-2xl bg-white p-6 shadow-sm ring-1 ring-slate-100 space-y-4">
                 <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-4">
                     <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                        <Label className="text-sm">Prénom *</Label>
+                        <Label className="text-sm">{t('administration.guardians.form.first_name')}</Label>
                         <Input value={data.first_name} onChange={(e) => setData('first_name', e.target.value)} className={errors.first_name ? 'border-red-400' : ''} />
                         {errors.first_name && <p className="text-xs text-red-500">{errors.first_name}</p>}
                     </div>
                     <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                        <Label className="text-sm">Nom *</Label>
+                        <Label className="text-sm">{t('administration.guardians.form.last_name')}</Label>
                         <Input value={data.last_name} onChange={(e) => setData('last_name', e.target.value)} className={errors.last_name ? 'border-red-400' : ''} />
                         {errors.last_name && <p className="text-xs text-red-500">{errors.last_name}</p>}
                     </div>
@@ -93,18 +95,18 @@ export function GuardianForm({ data, setData, errors, processing, mode, initialC
 
                 <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-4">
                     <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                        <Label className="text-sm">E-mail *</Label>
+                        <Label className="text-sm">{t('administration.guardians.form.email')}</Label>
                         <Input type="email" value={data.email} onChange={(e) => setData('email', e.target.value)} className={errors.email ? 'border-red-400' : ''} />
                         {errors.email && <p className="text-xs text-red-500">{errors.email}</p>}
                     </div>
                     <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                        <Label className="text-sm">Téléphone</Label>
+                        <Label className="text-sm">{t('administration.guardians.form.phone')}</Label>
                         <Input value={data.phone} onChange={(e) => setData('phone', e.target.value)} />
                     </div>
                 </div>
 
                 <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                    <Label className="text-sm">Élèves liés</Label>
+                    <Label className="text-sm">{t('administration.guardians.form.linked_students')}</Label>
                     <div className="relative">
                         <Search className="absolute left-3 top-1/2 -translate-y-1/2 w-4 h-4 text-gray-400" />
                         <Input
@@ -112,14 +114,14 @@ export function GuardianForm({ data, setData, errors, processing, mode, initialC
                             onChange={(e) => { setQuery(e.target.value); setShowDropdown(true); }}
                             onFocus={() => setShowDropdown(true)}
                             onBlur={() => setTimeout(() => setShowDropdown(false), 200)}
-                            placeholder="Rechercher un élève par nom ou matricule…"
+                            placeholder={t('administration.guardians.form.search_student_ph')}
                             className="pl-9"
                         />
                         {showDropdown && query.trim() && (
                             <div className="absolute z-20 mt-1 w-full bg-white rounded-lg shadow-lg max-h-56 overflow-auto ring-1 ring-gray-100">
-                                {searching && <div className="px-3 py-2 text-sm text-gray-400">Recherche…</div>}
+                                {searching && <div className="px-3 py-2 text-sm text-gray-400">{t('administration.guardians.form.searching')}</div>}
                                 {!searching && available.length === 0 && (
-                                    <div className="px-3 py-2 text-sm text-gray-400">Aucun élève trouvé.</div>
+                                    <div className="px-3 py-2 text-sm text-gray-400">{t('administration.guardians.form.no_student')}</div>
                                 )}
                                 {available.map((student) => (
                                     <button
@@ -140,27 +142,27 @@ export function GuardianForm({ data, setData, errors, processing, mode, initialC
                         {selected.map((s) => (
                             <span key={s.matricule} className="inline-flex items-center gap-1.5 bg-blue-100 text-blue-800 px-2.5 py-1 rounded-full text-xs">
                                 {s.name} <span className="text-blue-500">· {s.matricule}</span>
-                                <button type="button" onClick={() => remove(s.matricule)} aria-label={`Retirer ${s.name}`}><X className="w-3 h-3" /></button>
+                                <button type="button" onClick={() => remove(s.matricule)} aria-label={t('administration.guardians.form.remove_student', { name: s.name })}><X className="w-3 h-3" /></button>
                             </span>
                         ))}
-                        {selected.length === 0 && <span className="text-xs text-gray-400">Aucun élève lié pour l'instant.</span>}
+                        {selected.length === 0 && <span className="text-xs text-gray-400">{t('administration.guardians.form.none_linked')}</span>}
                     </div>
-                    {errors['student_matricules.0'] && <p className="text-xs text-red-500">Un matricule est introuvable.</p>}
+                    {errors['student_matricules.0'] && <p className="text-xs text-red-500">{t('administration.guardians.form.matricule_not_found')}</p>}
                 </div>
 
                 {mode === 'create' && (
                     <label className="flex items-center gap-2 text-sm">
                         <Checkbox checked={data.send_invitation} onCheckedChange={(v) => setData('send_invitation', Boolean(v))} />
-                        Envoyer l'invitation par e-mail
+                        {t('administration.guardians.form.send_invitation')}
                     </label>
                 )}
             </div>
 
             <div className="flex gap-2">
                 <Button type="submit" disabled={processing} className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700">
-                    {mode === 'edit' ? 'Enregistrer' : 'Créer le tuteur'}
+                    {mode === 'edit' ? t('administration.guardians.form.save') : t('administration.guardians.form.create')}
                 </Button>
-                <Button type="button" variant="outline" onClick={onCancel}>Annuler</Button>
+                <Button type="button" variant="outline" onClick={onCancel}>{t('administration.guardians.form.cancel')}</Button>
             </div>
         </form>
     );
diff --git a/resources/js/components/SalaryGrades/salary-grade-form.tsx b/resources/js/components/SalaryGrades/salary-grade-form.tsx
index bc7c1298..4e217359 100644
--- a/resources/js/components/SalaryGrades/salary-grade-form.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/components/SalaryGrades/salary-grade-form.tsx
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { Layers } from 'lucide-react';
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { Checkbox } from '@/components/ui/checkbox';
 import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 
 export interface SalaryGradeFormData {
     name: string;
@@ -27,53 +28,54 @@ function Err({ msg }: { msg?: string }) {
 }
 
 export function SalaryGradeForm({ mode, data, errors, processing, onSubmit, onCancel, setData }: Readonly<Props>) {
-    let submitLabel = 'Mettre à jour';
-    if (processing && mode === 'create') submitLabel = 'Création...';
-    else if (processing) submitLabel = 'Mise à jour...';
-    else if (mode === 'create') submitLabel = 'Créer la grille';
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
+    let submitLabel = t('rh.salary_grades.form.update');
+    if (processing && mode === 'create') submitLabel = t('rh.salary_grades.form.creating');
+    else if (processing) submitLabel = t('rh.salary_grades.form.updating');
+    else if (mode === 'create') submitLabel = t('rh.salary_grades.form.create');
 
     return (
         <form onSubmit={onSubmit} className="space-y-6 max-w-4xl">
             <div className="rounded-2xl bg-linear-to-br from-blue-50 to-white ring-1 ring-blue-100 p-6 shadow-sm space-y-4">
                 <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-blue-700">
                     <Layers className="h-4 w-4" />
-                    <p className="text-sm font-semibold">Définition de la grille</p>
+                    <p className="text-sm font-semibold">{t('rh.salary_grades.form.section')}</p>
                 </div>
 
                 <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-4">
                     <div className="md:col-span-2">
-                        <label htmlFor="name" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Nom *</label>
-                        <Input id="name" value={data.name} onChange={e => setData('name', e.target.value)} placeholder="Ex: Enseignant — Catégorie B, échelon 2" className={errors.name ? 'border-red-500' : ''} />
+                        <label htmlFor="name" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{t('rh.salary_grades.form.name')}</label>
+                        <Input id="name" value={data.name} onChange={e => setData('name', e.target.value)} placeholder={t('rh.salary_grades.form.name_ph')} className={errors.name ? 'border-red-500' : ''} />
                         <Err msg={errors.name} />
                     </div>
 
                     <div>
-                        <label htmlFor="category" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Catégorie</label>
-                        <Input id="category" value={data.category} onChange={e => setData('category', e.target.value)} placeholder="Ex: B" className={errors.category ? 'border-red-500' : ''} />
+                        <label htmlFor="category" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{t('rh.salary_grades.form.category')}</label>
+                        <Input id="category" value={data.category} onChange={e => setData('category', e.target.value)} placeholder={t('rh.salary_grades.form.category_ph')} className={errors.category ? 'border-red-500' : ''} />
                         <Err msg={errors.category} />
                     </div>
 
                     <div>
-                        <label htmlFor="echelon" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Échelon</label>
-                        <Input id="echelon" type="number" min={0} value={data.echelon} onChange={e => setData('echelon', e.target.value)} placeholder="Ex: 2" className={errors.echelon ? 'border-red-500' : ''} />
+                        <label htmlFor="echelon" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{t('rh.salary_grades.form.echelon')}</label>
+                        <Input id="echelon" type="number" min={0} value={data.echelon} onChange={e => setData('echelon', e.target.value)} placeholder={t('rh.salary_grades.form.echelon_ph')} className={errors.echelon ? 'border-red-500' : ''} />
                         <Err msg={errors.echelon} />
                     </div>
 
                     <div>
-                        <label htmlFor="base_amount" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Salaire de base (F) *</label>
-                        <Input id="base_amount" type="number" min={0} value={data.base_amount} onChange={e => setData('base_amount', e.target.value)} placeholder="Ex: 145000" className={errors.base_amount ? 'border-red-500' : ''} />
+                        <label htmlFor="base_amount" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{t('rh.salary_grades.form.base')}</label>
+                        <Input id="base_amount" type="number" min={0} value={data.base_amount} onChange={e => setData('base_amount', e.target.value)} placeholder={t('rh.salary_grades.form.base_ph')} className={errors.base_amount ? 'border-red-500' : ''} />
                         <Err msg={errors.base_amount} />
                     </div>
 
                     <div>
-                        <label htmlFor="sort_order" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Ordre d'affichage</label>
+                        <label htmlFor="sort_order" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{t('rh.salary_grades.form.sort_order')}</label>
                         <Input id="sort_order" type="number" min={0} value={data.sort_order} onChange={e => setData('sort_order', e.target.value)} placeholder="0" className={errors.sort_order ? 'border-red-500' : ''} />
                         <Err msg={errors.sort_order} />
                     </div>
 
                     <div className="md:col-span-2">
                         <label className="flex items-center gap-2 text-sm text-gray-700">
-                            <Checkbox checked={data.active} onCheckedChange={c => setData('active', c === true)} /> Grille active
+                            <Checkbox checked={data.active} onCheckedChange={c => setData('active', c === true)} /> {t('rh.salary_grades.form.active')}
                         </label>
                     </div>
                 </div>
@@ -81,7 +83,7 @@ export function SalaryGradeForm({ mode, data, errors, processing, onSubmit, onCa
 
             <div className="flex gap-3">
                 <Button type="submit" disabled={processing} className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700">{submitLabel}</Button>
-                <Button type="button" variant="outline" className="border-slate-200 text-gray-700" onClick={onCancel}>Annuler</Button>
+                <Button type="button" variant="outline" className="border-slate-200 text-gray-700" onClick={onCancel}>{t('rh.salary_grades.form.cancel')}</Button>
             </div>
         </form>
     );
diff --git a/resources/js/components/Schools/school-form.tsx b/resources/js/components/Schools/school-form.tsx
index 0a2e633e..9dedcaaa 100644
--- a/resources/js/components/Schools/school-form.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/components/Schools/school-form.tsx
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { Checkbox } from '@/components/ui/checkbox';
 import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { Textarea } from '@/components/ui/textarea';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 
 export interface ClassroomTypeOption { id: string; name: string; period_system: string; }
 export interface CurrencyOption { code: string; label: string; symbol: string; }
@@ -41,6 +42,7 @@ interface SchoolFormProps {
 }
 
 export function SchoolForm({ mode, data, errors, processing, currentLogoUrl, classroomTypes = [], currencies = [], onCancel, onSubmit, setData }: Readonly<SchoolFormProps>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const toggleClassType = (id: string) => {
         const current = data.class_type_ids ?? [];
         setData('class_type_ids', current.includes(id) ? current.filter(x => x !== id) : [...current, id]);
@@ -54,10 +56,10 @@ export function SchoolForm({ mode, data, errors, processing, currentLogoUrl, cla
         setPreview(file ? URL.createObjectURL(file) : (currentLogoUrl ?? null));
     };
 
-    let submitLabel = 'Mettre à jour';
-    if (processing && mode === 'create') submitLabel = 'Création...';
-    else if (processing) submitLabel = 'Mise à jour...';
-    else if (mode === 'create') submitLabel = 'Créer l\'école';
+    let submitLabel = t('parametres.common.update');
+    if (processing && mode === 'create') submitLabel = t('parametres.common.creating');
+    else if (processing) submitLabel = t('parametres.common.updating');
+    else if (mode === 'create') submitLabel = t('parametres.schools.submit_create');
 
     return (
         <form onSubmit={onSubmit} className="space-y-6">
@@ -68,67 +70,67 @@ export function SchoolForm({ mode, data, errors, processing, currentLogoUrl, cla
                     <div className="w-9 h-9 rounded-full bg-blue-100 flex items-center justify-center">
                         <Building2 className="w-5 h-5 text-blue-600" />
                     </div>
-                    <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">Identité de l'école</h3>
+                    <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.schools.section_identity')}</h3>
                 </div>
 
                 <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-4">
                     <div>
-                        <label htmlFor="name" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Nom *</label>
+                        <label htmlFor="name" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{t('parametres.schools.name')} *</label>
                         <Input
                             id="name"
                             value={data.name}
                             onChange={e => setData('name', e.target.value)}
                             disabled={processing}
                             className={errors.name ? 'border-red-500 bg-red-50/40' : ''}
-                            placeholder="Ex: Lycée Jean Jaurès"
+                            placeholder={t('parametres.schools.name_ph')}
                         />
                         {errors.name && <p className="text-sm text-red-600 mt-1">{errors.name}</p>}
                     </div>
 
                     <div>
-                        <label htmlFor="code" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Code *</label>
+                        <label htmlFor="code" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{t('parametres.schools.code')} *</label>
                         <Input
                             id="code"
                             value={data.code}
                             onChange={e => setData('code', e.target.value)}
                             disabled={processing}
                             className={errors.code ? 'border-red-500 bg-red-50/40' : ''}
-                            placeholder="Ex: LJJ001"
+                            placeholder={t('parametres.schools.code_ph')}
                         />
                         {errors.code && <p className="text-sm text-red-600 mt-1">{errors.code}</p>}
                     </div>
 
                     <div className="md:col-span-2">
-                        <label htmlFor="terme" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Terme / Entité supérieure</label>
+                        <label htmlFor="terme" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{t('parametres.schools.terme')}</label>
                         <Input
                             id="terme"
                             value={data.terme}
                             onChange={e => setData('terme', e.target.value)}
                             disabled={processing}
                             className={errors.terme ? 'border-red-500 bg-red-50/40' : ''}
-                            placeholder="Ex: République Togolaise"
+                            placeholder={t('parametres.schools.terme_ph')}
                         />
                         {errors.terme && <p className="text-sm text-red-600 mt-1">{errors.terme}</p>}
                     </div>
 
                     <div className="md:col-span-2">
-                        <label htmlFor="ministry" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Ministère de tutelle</label>
+                        <label htmlFor="ministry" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{t('parametres.schools.ministry')}</label>
                         <Input
                             id="ministry"
                             value={data.ministry}
                             onChange={e => setData('ministry', e.target.value)}
                             disabled={processing}
                             className={errors.ministry ? 'border-red-500 bg-red-50/40' : ''}
-                            placeholder="Ex: Ministère des Enseignements Primaire, Secondaire et Technique"
+                            placeholder={t('parametres.schools.ministry_ph')}
                         />
-                        <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 mt-1">Affiché en haut à gauche de l'en-tête officiel des documents.</p>
+                        <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 mt-1">{t('parametres.schools.ministry_hint')}</p>
                         {errors.ministry && <p className="text-sm text-red-600 mt-1">{errors.ministry}</p>}
                     </div>
 
                     <div>
                         <label htmlFor="devise" className="flex items-center gap-2 text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
                             <Quote className="w-4 h-4 text-blue-500" />
-                            Devise (slogan) de l'école
+                            {t('parametres.schools.devise_label')}
                         </label>
                         <Input
                             id="devise"
@@ -136,7 +138,7 @@ export function SchoolForm({ mode, data, errors, processing, currentLogoUrl, cla
                             onChange={e => setData('devise', e.target.value)}
                             disabled={processing}
                             className={errors.devise ? 'border-red-500 bg-red-50/40' : ''}
-                            placeholder="Ex: Travail, Liberté, Patrie"
+                            placeholder={t('parametres.schools.devise_ph')}
                         />
                         {errors.devise && <p className="text-sm text-red-600 mt-1">{errors.devise}</p>}
                     </div>
@@ -144,7 +146,7 @@ export function SchoolForm({ mode, data, errors, processing, currentLogoUrl, cla
                     <div>
                         <label htmlFor="currency" className="flex items-center gap-2 text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
                             <WalletCards className="w-4 h-4 text-emerald-500" />
-                            Monnaie (comptabilité)
+                            {t('parametres.schools.currency')}
                         </label>
                         <select
                             id="currency"
@@ -168,7 +170,7 @@ export function SchoolForm({ mode, data, errors, processing, currentLogoUrl, cla
                     <div className="w-9 h-9 rounded-full bg-violet-100 flex items-center justify-center">
                         <ImageIcon className="w-5 h-5 text-violet-600" />
                     </div>
-                    <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">Logo et contact</h3>
+                    <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.schools.section_logo')}</h3>
                 </div>
 
                 <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-4">
@@ -176,7 +178,7 @@ export function SchoolForm({ mode, data, errors, processing, currentLogoUrl, cla
                     <div className="md:col-span-2">
                         <label className="flex items-center gap-2 text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
                             <ImageIcon className="w-4 h-4 text-violet-600" />
-                            Logo de l'école
+                            {t('parametres.schools.logo_label')}
                         </label>
                         <div className="flex items-center gap-4">
                             {preview ? (
@@ -204,9 +206,9 @@ export function SchoolForm({ mode, data, errors, processing, currentLogoUrl, cla
                                     className="gap-2"
                                 >
                                     <ImageIcon className="w-4 h-4" />
-                                    {preview ? 'Changer le logo' : 'Choisir une image'}
+                                    {preview ? t('parametres.schools.change_logo') : t('parametres.schools.choose_image')}
                                 </Button>
-                                <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 mt-1">JPG, PNG, WebP — max 2 Mo</p>
+                                <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 mt-1">{t('parametres.schools.logo_hint')}</p>
                             </div>
                         </div>
                         {errors.logo && <p className="text-sm text-red-600 mt-1">{errors.logo}</p>}
@@ -215,7 +217,7 @@ export function SchoolForm({ mode, data, errors, processing, currentLogoUrl, cla
                     <div>
                         <label htmlFor="email" className="flex items-center gap-2 text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
                             <Mail className="w-4 h-4 text-violet-600" />
-                            E-mail
+                            {t('parametres.schools.email_label')}
                         </label>
                         <Input
                             id="email"
@@ -224,7 +226,7 @@ export function SchoolForm({ mode, data, errors, processing, currentLogoUrl, cla
                             onChange={e => setData('email', e.target.value)}
                             disabled={processing}
                             className={errors.email ? 'border-red-500 bg-red-50/40' : ''}
-                            placeholder="contact@ecole.com"
+                            placeholder={t('parametres.schools.email_ph')}
                         />
                         {errors.email && <p className="text-sm text-red-600 mt-1">{errors.email}</p>}
                     </div>
@@ -232,7 +234,7 @@ export function SchoolForm({ mode, data, errors, processing, currentLogoUrl, cla
                     <div>
                         <label htmlFor="phone" className="flex items-center gap-2 text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
                             <Phone className="w-4 h-4 text-violet-600" />
-                            Téléphone
+                            {t('parametres.schools.phone_label')}
                         </label>
                         <Input
                             id="phone"
@@ -240,7 +242,7 @@ export function SchoolForm({ mode, data, errors, processing, currentLogoUrl, cla
                             onChange={e => setData('phone', e.target.value)}
                             disabled={processing}
                             className={errors.phone ? 'border-red-500 bg-red-50/40' : ''}
-                            placeholder="+228 XX XX XX XX"
+                            placeholder={t('parametres.schools.phone_ph')}
                         />
                         {errors.phone && <p className="text-sm text-red-600 mt-1">{errors.phone}</p>}
                     </div>
@@ -253,14 +255,14 @@ export function SchoolForm({ mode, data, errors, processing, currentLogoUrl, cla
                     <div className="w-9 h-9 rounded-full bg-emerald-100 flex items-center justify-center">
                         <MapPinned className="w-5 h-5 text-emerald-600" />
                     </div>
-                    <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">Localisation</h3>
+                    <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.schools.section_location')}</h3>
                 </div>
 
                 <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-4">
                     <div>
                         <label htmlFor="region" className="flex items-center gap-2 text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
                             <MapPin className="w-4 h-4 text-emerald-600" />
-                            Région
+                            {t('parametres.schools.region_label')}
                         </label>
                         <Input id="region" value={data.region} onChange={e => setData('region', e.target.value)} disabled={processing} className={errors.region ? 'border-red-500 bg-red-50/40' : ''} />
                         {errors.region && <p className="text-sm text-red-600 mt-1">{errors.region}</p>}
@@ -269,7 +271,7 @@ export function SchoolForm({ mode, data, errors, processing, currentLogoUrl, cla
                     <div>
                         <label htmlFor="city" className="flex items-center gap-2 text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
                             <MapPin className="w-4 h-4 text-emerald-600" />
-                            Ville
+                            {t('parametres.schools.city_label')}
                         </label>
                         <Input id="city" value={data.city} onChange={e => setData('city', e.target.value)} disabled={processing} className={errors.city ? 'border-red-500 bg-red-50/40' : ''} />
                         {errors.city && <p className="text-sm text-red-600 mt-1">{errors.city}</p>}
@@ -278,14 +280,14 @@ export function SchoolForm({ mode, data, errors, processing, currentLogoUrl, cla
                     <div className="md:col-span-2">
                         <label htmlFor="po_box" className="flex items-center gap-2 text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
                             <WalletCards className="w-4 h-4 text-emerald-600" />
-                            Boîte postale
+                            {t('parametres.schools.po_box_label')}
                         </label>
-                        <Input id="po_box" value={data.po_box} onChange={e => setData('po_box', e.target.value)} disabled={processing} className={errors.po_box ? 'border-red-500 bg-red-50/40' : ''} placeholder="BP 123" />
+                        <Input id="po_box" value={data.po_box} onChange={e => setData('po_box', e.target.value)} disabled={processing} className={errors.po_box ? 'border-red-500 bg-red-50/40' : ''} placeholder={t('parametres.schools.po_box_ph')} />
                         {errors.po_box && <p className="text-sm text-red-600 mt-1">{errors.po_box}</p>}
                     </div>
 
                     <div className="md:col-span-2">
-                        <label htmlFor="address" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Adresse complète</label>
+                        <label htmlFor="address" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{t('parametres.schools.address_label')}</label>
                         <Textarea id="address" rows={3} value={data.address} onChange={e => setData('address', e.target.value)} disabled={processing} className={errors.address ? 'border-red-500 bg-red-50/40' : ''} />
                         {errors.address && <p className="text-sm text-red-600 mt-1">{errors.address}</p>}
                     </div>
@@ -298,10 +300,10 @@ export function SchoolForm({ mode, data, errors, processing, currentLogoUrl, cla
                     <div className="w-9 h-9 rounded-full bg-indigo-100 flex items-center justify-center">
                         <Building2 className="w-5 h-5 text-indigo-600" />
                     </div>
-                    <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">Types de classe proposés</h3>
+                    <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.schools.section_class_types')}</h3>
                 </div>
                 {classroomTypes.length === 0 ? (
-                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-400">Aucun type de classe disponible. Créez-en d'abord dans Paramètres → Types de classes.</p>
+                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-400">{t('parametres.schools.no_class_types')}</p>
                 ) : (
                     <div className="grid grid-cols-1 sm:grid-cols-2 gap-2">
                         {classroomTypes.map(ct => {
@@ -311,7 +313,7 @@ export function SchoolForm({ mode, data, errors, processing, currentLogoUrl, cla
                                     <Checkbox checked={checked} onCheckedChange={() => toggleClassType(ct.id)} disabled={processing} />
                                     <div>
                                         <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-900">{ct.name}</p>
-                                        <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">{ct.period_system === 'semestre' ? 'Semestre (2 périodes)' : 'Trimestre (3 périodes)'}</p>
+                                        <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">{ct.period_system === 'semestre' ? t('parametres.schools.semester') : t('parametres.schools.trimester')}</p>
                                     </div>
                                 </label>
                             );
@@ -326,11 +328,11 @@ export function SchoolForm({ mode, data, errors, processing, currentLogoUrl, cla
                     <div className="w-9 h-9 rounded-full bg-amber-100 flex items-center justify-center">
                         <ShieldCheck className="w-5 h-5 text-amber-600" />
                     </div>
-                    <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">Statut</h3>
+                    <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.schools.section_status')}</h3>
                 </div>
                 <div className="flex items-center gap-3">
                     <Checkbox id="active" checked={data.active} onCheckedChange={checked => setData('active', checked === true)} />
-                    <label htmlFor="active" className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">École active</label>
+                    <label htmlFor="active" className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('parametres.schools.active_label')}</label>
                 </div>
 
                 <div className="flex items-start gap-3 rounded-xl bg-white/70 px-3 py-3 ring-1 ring-amber-100">
@@ -338,17 +340,17 @@ export function SchoolForm({ mode, data, errors, processing, currentLogoUrl, cla
                     <label htmlFor="portal_enabled" className="cursor-pointer">
                         <span className="flex items-center gap-2 text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">
                             <Smartphone className="w-4 h-4 text-amber-600" />
-                            Accès au portail parents / élèves
+                            {t('parametres.schools.portal_label')}
                         </span>
                         <span className="mt-0.5 block text-xs text-gray-400">
-                            Lorsque désactivé, la connexion et toutes les fonctionnalités de l'espace parents/élèves sont bloquées.
+                            {t('parametres.schools.portal_hint')}
                         </span>
                     </label>
                 </div>
             </div>
 
             <div className="flex gap-3 pt-2">
-                <Button type="button" variant="outline" onClick={onCancel} disabled={processing} className="flex-1">Annuler</Button>
+                <Button type="button" variant="outline" onClick={onCancel} disabled={processing} className="flex-1">{t('parametres.common.cancel')}</Button>
                 <Button type="submit" disabled={processing} className="flex-1 gap-2 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700 shadow-sm">
                     <Save className="w-4 h-4" />
                     {submitLabel}
diff --git a/resources/js/components/Subjects/subject-form.tsx b/resources/js/components/Subjects/subject-form.tsx
index 13d9279e..868a69e6 100644
--- a/resources/js/components/Subjects/subject-form.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/components/Subjects/subject-form.tsx
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { Select, SelectContent, SelectItem, SelectTrigger, SelectValue } from '@/components/ui/select';
 import { Textarea } from '@/components/ui/textarea';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 
 export interface SubjectFormData {
     name: string;
@@ -36,14 +37,15 @@ export function SubjectForm({
     onSubmit,
     setData,
 }: Readonly<SubjectFormProps>) {
-    let submitLabel = 'Mettre à jour';
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
+    let submitLabel = t('parametres.common.update');
 
     if (processing && mode === 'create') {
-        submitLabel = 'Création...';
+        submitLabel = t('parametres.common.creating');
     } else if (processing) {
-        submitLabel = 'Mise à jour...';
+        submitLabel = t('parametres.common.updating');
     } else if (mode === 'create') {
-        submitLabel = 'Créer la matière';
+        submitLabel = t('parametres.subjects.submit_create');
     }
 
     return (
@@ -53,39 +55,39 @@ export function SubjectForm({
                     <div className="w-9 h-9 rounded-full bg-blue-100 flex items-center justify-center">
                         <BookOpen className="w-5 h-5 text-blue-600" />
                     </div>
-                    <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">Informations de la matière</h3>
+                    <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.subjects.form_section')}</h3>
                 </div>
 
                 <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-4">
                     <div>
-                        <label htmlFor="code" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Code *</label>
+                        <label htmlFor="code" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{t('parametres.subjects.code_label')}</label>
                         <Input
                             id="code"
                             value={data.code}
                             onChange={(event) => setData('code', event.target.value.toUpperCase())}
                             disabled={processing}
-                            placeholder="Ex: MATH101"
+                            placeholder={t('parametres.subjects.code_ph')}
                             className={errors.code ? 'border-red-500 bg-red-50/40' : 'border-gray-200 bg-white focus-visible:ring-blue-500'}
                         />
-                        <p className="text-xs text-gray-500 mt-1">Code unique utilise pour identifier la matière.</p>
+                        <p className="text-xs text-gray-500 mt-1">{t('parametres.subjects.code_hint')}</p>
                         {errors.code && <p className="text-sm text-red-600 mt-1">{errors.code}</p>}
                     </div>
 
                     <div>
-                        <label htmlFor="name" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Nom *</label>
+                        <label htmlFor="name" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{t('parametres.subjects.name_label')}</label>
                         <Input
                             id="name"
                             value={data.name}
                             onChange={(event) => setData('name', event.target.value)}
                             disabled={processing}
-                            placeholder="Ex: Mathématiques"
+                            placeholder={t('parametres.subjects.name_ph')}
                             className={errors.name ? 'border-red-500 bg-red-50/40' : 'border-gray-200 bg-white focus-visible:ring-blue-500'}
                         />
                         {errors.name && <p className="text-sm text-red-600 mt-1">{errors.name}</p>}
                     </div>
 
                     <div className="md:col-span-2">
-                        <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Matière parente (sous-matière)</label>
+                        <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{t('parametres.subjects.parent_label')}</label>
                         <Select
                             value={data.parent_id || NO_PARENT}
                             onValueChange={(v) => setData('parent_id', v === NO_PARENT ? '' : v)}
@@ -95,26 +97,26 @@ export function SubjectForm({
                                 <SelectValue />
                             </SelectTrigger>
                             <SelectContent>
-                                <SelectItem value={NO_PARENT}>Aucune (matière principale)</SelectItem>
+                                <SelectItem value={NO_PARENT}>{t('parametres.subjects.no_parent')}</SelectItem>
                                 {parents.map((p) => <SelectItem key={p.id} value={p.id}>{p.name}</SelectItem>)}
                             </SelectContent>
                         </Select>
-                        <p className="text-xs text-gray-500 mt-1">Rattachez cette matière à une matière principale pour en faire une sous-matière (ex. « Dictée » sous « Français »).</p>
+                        <p className="text-xs text-gray-500 mt-1">{t('parametres.subjects.parent_hint')}</p>
                     </div>
 
                     <div className="md:col-span-2">
-                        <label htmlFor="description" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Description</label>
+                        <label htmlFor="description" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{t('parametres.subjects.description_label')}</label>
                         <Textarea
                             id="description"
                             rows={4}
                             value={data.description}
                             onChange={(event) => setData('description', event.target.value)}
                             disabled={processing}
-                            placeholder="Décrivez brièvement le contenu et les objectifs de la matière..."
+                            placeholder={t('parametres.subjects.description_ph')}
                             className={errors.description ? 'border-red-500 bg-red-50/40' : 'border-gray-200 bg-white focus-visible:ring-blue-500'}
                         />
                         <div className="flex items-center justify-between mt-1">
-                            <p className="text-xs text-gray-500">Optionnel, maximum 1000 caractères.</p>
+                            <p className="text-xs text-gray-500">{t('parametres.subjects.description_hint')}</p>
                             <p className="text-xs text-gray-500">{data.description.length}/1000</p>
                         </div>
                         {errors.description && <p className="text-sm text-red-600 mt-1">{errors.description}</p>}
@@ -127,18 +129,18 @@ export function SubjectForm({
                     <div className="w-9 h-9 rounded-full bg-amber-100 flex items-center justify-center">
                         <Sparkles className="w-5 h-5 text-amber-600" />
                     </div>
-                    <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">Aperçu</h3>
+                    <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.subjects.preview')}</h3>
                 </div>
                 <p className="text-sm text-gray-700">
-                    <span className="font-medium">{data.code || 'CODE'}</span>
+                    <span className="font-medium">{data.code || t('parametres.subjects.preview_code')}</span>
                     {' · '}
-                    <span className="font-medium">{data.name || 'Nom de la matière'}</span>
+                    <span className="font-medium">{data.name || t('parametres.subjects.preview_name')}</span>
                 </p>
             </div>
 
             <div className="flex gap-3 pt-2">
                 <Button type="button" variant="outline" onClick={onCancel} disabled={processing} className="flex-1 border-gray-200 text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-50">
-                    Annuler
+                    {t('parametres.common.cancel')}
                 </Button>
                 <Button type="submit" disabled={processing} className="flex-1 gap-2 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700 shadow-sm">
                     <Save className="w-4 h-4" />
diff --git a/resources/js/components/app-sidebar-header.tsx b/resources/js/components/app-sidebar-header.tsx
index 324062cb..82dca4ce 100644
--- a/resources/js/components/app-sidebar-header.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/components/app-sidebar-header.tsx
@@ -16,6 +16,7 @@ import {
 } from '@/components/ui/dropdown-menu';
 import { SidebarTrigger } from '@/components/ui/sidebar';
 import { UserMenuContent } from '@/components/user-menu-content';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import { useCurrentUrl } from '@/hooks/use-current-url';
 import { getFullName } from '@/hooks/use-initials';
 import { mainNavItems } from '@/types';
@@ -23,6 +24,7 @@ import { mainNavItems } from '@/types';
 export function AppSidebarHeader() {
     const { auth } = usePage().props;
     const { currentUrl, findActiveKey } = useCurrentUrl();
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
 
     const fullName = getFullName(auth.user.firstname, auth.user.lastname);
     const initials = `${auth.user.firstname?.[0] ?? ''}${auth.user.lastname?.[0] ?? ''}`.toUpperCase();
@@ -62,9 +64,9 @@ export function AppSidebarHeader() {
                                     {i > 0 && <BreadcrumbSeparator />}
                                     <BreadcrumbItem>
                                         {i === trail.length - 1 ? (
-                                            <BreadcrumbPage className="font-medium">{label}</BreadcrumbPage>
+                                            <BreadcrumbPage className="font-medium">{t(label)}</BreadcrumbPage>
                                         ) : (
-                                            <span>{label}</span>
+                                            <span>{t(label)}</span>
                                         )}
                                     </BreadcrumbItem>
                                 </Fragment>
diff --git a/resources/js/components/calendar/agenda-view.tsx b/resources/js/components/calendar/agenda-view.tsx
index 1d97f062..0bdad110 100644
--- a/resources/js/components/calendar/agenda-view.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/components/calendar/agenda-view.tsx
@@ -1,12 +1,13 @@
 import { CalendarDays, Pencil, Trash2 } from 'lucide-react';
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import { CalEvent, chipClass } from './utils';
 
-const monthLabel = (ym: string) => {
+const monthLabel = (ym: string, loc: string) => {
     const [y, m] = ym.split('-').map(Number);
-    return new Date(y, m - 1, 1).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR', { month: 'long', year: 'numeric' });
+    return new Date(y, m - 1, 1).toLocaleDateString(loc, { month: 'long', year: 'numeric' });
 };
-const dayLabel = (d: string) => new Date(d + 'T00:00:00').toLocaleDateString('fr-FR', { weekday: 'short', day: '2-digit', month: 'short' });
+const dayLabel = (d: string, loc: string) => new Date(d + 'T00:00:00').toLocaleDateString(loc, { weekday: 'short', day: '2-digit', month: 'short' });
 
 interface Props {
     events: CalEvent[];
@@ -18,6 +19,8 @@ interface Props {
 }
 
 export function AgendaView({ events, types, canEdit, canDelete, onEdit, onDelete }: Readonly<Props>) {
+    const { t, locale } = useTranslation();
+    const dateLocale = locale === 'en' ? 'en-GB' : 'fr-FR';
     const byMonth = events.reduce<Record<string, CalEvent[]>>((acc, e) => {
         const key = e.start_date.slice(0, 7);
         (acc[key] ??= []).push(e);
@@ -28,7 +31,7 @@ export function AgendaView({ events, types, canEdit, canDelete, onEdit, onDelete
     if (months.length === 0) {
         return (
             <div className="rounded-2xl bg-white p-12 text-center text-gray-400 ring-1 ring-slate-100 shadow-sm">
-                <CalendarDays className="w-10 h-10 mx-auto mb-2 opacity-30" /> Aucun événement.
+                <CalendarDays className="w-10 h-10 mx-auto mb-2 opacity-30" /> {t('calendar.empty')}
             </div>
         );
     }
@@ -37,14 +40,14 @@ export function AgendaView({ events, types, canEdit, canDelete, onEdit, onDelete
         <div className="space-y-6">
             {months.map((m) => (
                 <div key={m} className="space-y-2">
-                    <h2 className="text-sm font-semibold uppercase tracking-wide text-gray-400 capitalize">{monthLabel(m)}</h2>
+                    <h2 className="text-sm font-semibold uppercase tracking-wide text-gray-400 capitalize">{monthLabel(m, dateLocale)}</h2>
                     <div className="bg-white rounded-2xl shadow-sm ring-1 ring-slate-100 divide-y divide-slate-50">
                         {byMonth[m].map((e) => (
                             <div key={e.id} className="flex items-start gap-4 px-5 py-3.5 hover:bg-slate-50/50">
                                 <div className="w-28 shrink-0 text-sm text-gray-600">
-                                    <div className="font-medium capitalize">{dayLabel(e.start_date)}</div>
+                                    <div className="font-medium capitalize">{dayLabel(e.start_date, dateLocale)}</div>
                                     {e.end_date && e.end_date !== e.start_date && (
-                                        <div className="text-xs text-gray-400">→ {dayLabel(e.end_date)}</div>
+                                        <div className="text-xs text-gray-400">→ {dayLabel(e.end_date, dateLocale)}</div>
                                     )}
                                     {!e.all_day && e.start_time && (
                                         <div className="text-xs text-gray-400">
diff --git a/resources/js/components/calendar/month-view.tsx b/resources/js/components/calendar/month-view.tsx
index b989a1ec..d76273a5 100644
--- a/resources/js/components/calendar/month-view.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/components/calendar/month-view.tsx
@@ -1,7 +1,8 @@
-import { isSameMonth, isToday } from 'date-fns';
+import { format, isSameMonth, isToday } from 'date-fns';
+import { fr, enUS } from 'date-fns/locale';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import { CalEvent, packWeek, solidClass, toISO } from './utils';
 
-const WEEKDAYS = ['Lun', 'Mar', 'Mer', 'Jeu', 'Ven', 'Sam', 'Dim'];
 const MAX_LANES = 3;
 
 export interface DragPayload {
@@ -22,9 +23,12 @@ interface Props {
 }
 
 export function MonthView({ days, cursor, events, canEdit, canCreate, onCreateAt, onEditEvent, onDrop }: Readonly<Props>) {
+    const { t, locale } = useTranslation();
+    const dfLocale = locale === 'en' ? enUS : fr;
     // Découpe la grille en semaines de 7 jours.
     const weeks: Date[][] = [];
     for (let i = 0; i < days.length; i += 7) weeks.push(days.slice(i, i + 7));
+    const weekdayLabels = (weeks[0] ?? days.slice(0, 7)).map((d) => format(d, 'EEE', { locale: dfLocale }));
 
     const handleDrop = (ev: React.DragEvent, day: Date) => {
         ev.preventDefault();
@@ -40,8 +44,8 @@ export function MonthView({ days, cursor, events, canEdit, canCreate, onCreateAt
         <div className="bg-white rounded-2xl shadow-sm ring-1 ring-slate-100 overflow-hidden">
             {/* En-tête des jours */}
             <div className="grid grid-cols-7 border-b border-slate-100 bg-slate-50/60">
-                {WEEKDAYS.map((d) => (
-                    <div key={d} className="px-2 py-2 text-center text-xs font-semibold uppercase tracking-wide text-gray-400">
+                {weekdayLabels.map((d, i) => (
+                    <div key={i} className="px-2 py-2 text-center text-xs font-semibold uppercase tracking-wide text-gray-400">
                         {d}
                     </div>
                 ))}
@@ -135,7 +139,7 @@ export function MonthView({ days, cursor, events, canEdit, canCreate, onCreateAt
                                                         JSON.stringify({ id: e.id, mode: 'resize-end', grabDay: toISO(week[seg.col - 1]) }),
                                                     );
                                                 }}
-                                                title="Étirer la fin"
+                                                title={t('calendar.resize_hint')}
                                                 className="absolute right-0 top-0 h-full w-1.5 cursor-ew-resize rounded-r-md bg-black/20 opacity-0 transition hover:opacity-100"
                                             />
                                         )}
diff --git a/resources/js/components/calendar/time-grid-view.tsx b/resources/js/components/calendar/time-grid-view.tsx
index d465d51d..be820f8e 100644
--- a/resources/js/components/calendar/time-grid-view.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/components/calendar/time-grid-view.tsx
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { format, isToday } from 'date-fns';
-import { fr } from 'date-fns/locale';
+import { fr, enUS } from 'date-fns/locale';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import { CalEvent, fromMinutes, packWeek, solidClass, toISO, toMinutes } from './utils';
 import type { DragPayload } from './month-view';
 
@@ -36,6 +37,8 @@ const readPayload = (ev: React.DragEvent): TimeDragPayload | null => {
 };
 
 export function TimeGridView({ days, events, canEdit, canCreate, onCreateAt, onEditEvent, onDrop }: Readonly<Props>) {
+    const { t, locale } = useTranslation();
+    const dfLocale = locale === 'en' ? enUS : fr;
     const allDay = events.filter((e) => e.all_day);
     const timed = events.filter((e) => !e.all_day && e.start_time);
     const segs = packWeek(allDay, days);
@@ -49,7 +52,7 @@ export function TimeGridView({ days, events, canEdit, canCreate, onCreateAt, onE
                 {days.map((d) => (
                     <div key={toISO(d)} className="px-2 py-2 text-center">
                         <div className="text-xs font-semibold uppercase tracking-wide text-gray-400">
-                            {format(d, 'EEE', { locale: fr })}
+                            {format(d, 'EEE', { locale: dfLocale })}
                         </div>
                         <span
                             className={`mt-0.5 inline-flex h-6 w-6 items-center justify-center rounded-full text-xs font-medium ${
@@ -64,7 +67,7 @@ export function TimeGridView({ days, events, canEdit, canCreate, onCreateAt, onE
 
             {/* Bandeau « journée entière » */}
             <div className="grid border-b border-slate-100" style={{ gridTemplateColumns: cols }}>
-                <div className="px-2 py-2 text-right text-[10px] uppercase tracking-wide text-gray-400">Journée</div>
+                <div className="px-2 py-2 text-right text-[10px] uppercase tracking-wide text-gray-400">{t('calendar.all_day_label')}</div>
                 <div className="relative min-h-[34px] py-1" style={{ gridColumn: '2 / -1' }}>
                     {/* Cibles de drop (une par jour) */}
                     <div className="absolute inset-0 grid" style={{ gridTemplateColumns: `repeat(${days.length}, minmax(0,1fr))` }}>
@@ -207,7 +210,7 @@ export function TimeGridView({ days, events, canEdit, canCreate, onCreateAt, onE
                                                         JSON.stringify({ id: e.id, mode: 'resize-end', grabDay: toISO(day) }),
                                                     );
                                                 }}
-                                                title="Étirer la fin"
+                                                title={t('calendar.resize_hint')}
                                                 className="absolute inset-x-0 bottom-0 h-1.5 cursor-ns-resize bg-black/20 opacity-0 transition hover:opacity-100"
                                             />
                                         )}
diff --git a/resources/js/components/error-art.tsx b/resources/js/components/error-art.tsx
index 037d8371..3633c091 100644
--- a/resources/js/components/error-art.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/components/error-art.tsx
@@ -3,11 +3,13 @@
  * utilitaires Tailwind fill et stroke). Une illustration par statut HTTP.
  */
 
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
+
 const wrap = 'w-full max-w-[240px] mx-auto h-auto';
 
-function NotFound() {
+function NotFound({ label }: Readonly<{ label: string }>) {
     return (
-        <svg viewBox="0 0 220 170" className={wrap} role="img" aria-label="Page introuvable" fill="none">
+        <svg viewBox="0 0 220 170" className={wrap} role="img" aria-label={label} fill="none">
             <ellipse cx="110" cy="150" rx="72" ry="10" className="fill-blue-100 dark:fill-blue-950/50" />
             <circle cx="104" cy="70" r="54" className="fill-blue-50 dark:fill-blue-950/40" />
             <circle cx="96" cy="66" r="34" className="fill-white dark:fill-[#161615] stroke-blue-500 dark:stroke-blue-400" strokeWidth="7" />
@@ -17,9 +19,9 @@ function NotFound() {
     );
 }
 
-function Forbidden() {
+function Forbidden({ label }: Readonly<{ label: string }>) {
     return (
-        <svg viewBox="0 0 220 170" className={wrap} role="img" aria-label="Accès refusé" fill="none">
+        <svg viewBox="0 0 220 170" className={wrap} role="img" aria-label={label} fill="none">
             <ellipse cx="110" cy="150" rx="72" ry="10" className="fill-amber-100 dark:fill-amber-950/50" />
             <circle cx="110" cy="70" r="54" className="fill-amber-50 dark:fill-amber-950/40" />
             <path d="M92 66 v-13 a18 18 0 0 1 36 0 v13" className="fill-none stroke-amber-500 dark:stroke-amber-400" strokeWidth="8" strokeLinecap="round" />
@@ -30,9 +32,9 @@ function Forbidden() {
     );
 }
 
-function Expired() {
+function Expired({ label }: Readonly<{ label: string }>) {
     return (
-        <svg viewBox="0 0 220 170" className={wrap} role="img" aria-label="Session expirée" fill="none">
+        <svg viewBox="0 0 220 170" className={wrap} role="img" aria-label={label} fill="none">
             <ellipse cx="110" cy="150" rx="72" ry="10" className="fill-violet-100 dark:fill-violet-950/50" />
             <circle cx="110" cy="72" r="54" className="fill-violet-50 dark:fill-violet-950/40" />
             <circle cx="110" cy="72" r="40" className="fill-white dark:fill-[#161615] stroke-violet-500 dark:stroke-violet-400" strokeWidth="7" />
@@ -43,9 +45,9 @@ function Expired() {
     );
 }
 
-function TooMany() {
+function TooMany({ label }: Readonly<{ label: string }>) {
     return (
-        <svg viewBox="0 0 220 170" className={wrap} role="img" aria-label="Trop de requêtes" fill="none">
+        <svg viewBox="0 0 220 170" className={wrap} role="img" aria-label={label} fill="none">
             <ellipse cx="110" cy="150" rx="72" ry="10" className="fill-orange-100 dark:fill-orange-950/50" />
             <circle cx="110" cy="72" r="54" className="fill-orange-50 dark:fill-orange-950/40" />
             <line x1="70" y1="66" x2="150" y2="66" className="stroke-orange-300 dark:stroke-orange-800" strokeWidth="3" strokeDasharray="4 6" />
@@ -56,9 +58,9 @@ function TooMany() {
     );
 }
 
-function ServerError() {
+function ServerError({ label }: Readonly<{ label: string }>) {
     return (
-        <svg viewBox="0 0 220 170" className={wrap} role="img" aria-label="Erreur serveur" fill="none">
+        <svg viewBox="0 0 220 170" className={wrap} role="img" aria-label={label} fill="none">
             <ellipse cx="110" cy="150" rx="72" ry="10" className="fill-red-100 dark:fill-red-950/50" />
             <circle cx="104" cy="72" r="54" className="fill-red-50 dark:fill-red-950/40" />
             <rect x="70" y="44" width="76" height="34" rx="7" className="fill-white dark:fill-[#161615] stroke-red-500 dark:stroke-red-400" strokeWidth="5" />
@@ -74,9 +76,9 @@ function ServerError() {
     );
 }
 
-function Maintenance() {
+function Maintenance({ label }: Readonly<{ label: string }>) {
     return (
-        <svg viewBox="0 0 220 170" className={wrap} role="img" aria-label="Maintenance" fill="none">
+        <svg viewBox="0 0 220 170" className={wrap} role="img" aria-label={label} fill="none">
             <ellipse cx="110" cy="150" rx="72" ry="10" className="fill-teal-100 dark:fill-teal-950/50" />
             <circle cx="110" cy="72" r="54" className="fill-teal-50 dark:fill-teal-950/40" />
             <g className="fill-teal-500 dark:fill-teal-400">
@@ -90,9 +92,9 @@ function Maintenance() {
     );
 }
 
-function Generic() {
+function Generic({ label }: Readonly<{ label: string }>) {
     return (
-        <svg viewBox="0 0 220 170" className={wrap} role="img" aria-label="Erreur" fill="none">
+        <svg viewBox="0 0 220 170" className={wrap} role="img" aria-label={label} fill="none">
             <ellipse cx="110" cy="150" rx="72" ry="10" className="fill-gray-200 dark:fill-gray-800" />
             <circle cx="110" cy="72" r="54" className="fill-gray-100 dark:fill-gray-800/60" />
             <path d="M110 38 l40 70 h-80 z" className="fill-none stroke-gray-500 dark:stroke-gray-400" strokeWidth="7" strokeLinejoin="round" />
@@ -103,13 +105,14 @@ function Generic() {
 }
 
 export function ErrorArt({ status }: Readonly<{ status: number }>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     switch (status) {
-        case 403: return <Forbidden />;
-        case 404: return <NotFound />;
-        case 419: return <Expired />;
-        case 429: return <TooMany />;
-        case 500: return <ServerError />;
-        case 503: return <Maintenance />;
-        default: return <Generic />;
+        case 403: return <Forbidden label={t('errors.403.title')} />;
+        case 404: return <NotFound label={t('errors.404.title')} />;
+        case 419: return <Expired label={t('errors.419.title')} />;
+        case 429: return <TooMany label={t('errors.429.title')} />;
+        case 500: return <ServerError label={t('errors.500.title')} />;
+        case 503: return <Maintenance label={t('errors.503.title')} />;
+        default: return <Generic label={t('errors.fallback.title')} />;
     }
 }
diff --git a/resources/js/components/nav-main.tsx b/resources/js/components/nav-main.tsx
index 4b2cb563..d1c411ef 100644
--- a/resources/js/components/nav-main.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/components/nav-main.tsx
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ import {
     SidebarMenuSubButton,
     SidebarMenuSubItem,
 } from '@/components/ui/sidebar';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import { useCurrentUrl } from '@/hooks/use-current-url';
 import type { NavItem } from '@/types';
 
@@ -24,6 +25,7 @@ const ACTIVE_CLASS =
 
 export function NavMain({ items = [] }: Readonly<{ items: NavItem[] }>) {
     const { currentUrl, findActiveKey } = useCurrentUrl();
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
 
     const auth = (usePage().props as { auth?: { permissions?: string[] } }).auth;
     const permissions = auth?.permissions ?? [];
@@ -91,11 +93,11 @@ export function NavMain({ items = [] }: Readonly<{ items: NavItem[] }>) {
                                     <CollapsibleTrigger asChild>
                                         <SidebarMenuButton
                                             isActive={isGroupActive(item)}
-                                            tooltip={{ children: item.title }}
+                                            tooltip={{ children: t(item.title) }}
                                             className={ACTIVE_CLASS}
                                         >
                                             {item.icon && <item.icon />}
-                                            <span>{item.title}</span>
+                                            <span>{t(item.title)}</span>
                                             <ChevronRight className="ml-auto transition-transform duration-200 group-data-[state=open]/collapsible:rotate-90" />
                                         </SidebarMenuButton>
                                     </CollapsibleTrigger>
@@ -110,7 +112,7 @@ export function NavMain({ items = [] }: Readonly<{ items: NavItem[] }>) {
                                                     >
                                                         <Link href={subItem.href} prefetch>
                                                             {subItem.icon && <subItem.icon />}
-                                                            <span>{subItem.title}</span>
+                                                            <span>{t(subItem.title)}</span>
                                                         </Link>
                                                     </SidebarMenuSubButton>
                                                 </SidebarMenuSubItem>
@@ -122,12 +124,12 @@ export function NavMain({ items = [] }: Readonly<{ items: NavItem[] }>) {
                                 <SidebarMenuButton
                                     asChild
                                     isActive={isLinkActive(item)}
-                                    tooltip={{ children: item.title }}
+                                    tooltip={{ children: t(item.title) }}
                                     className={ACTIVE_CLASS}
                                 >
                                     <Link href={item.href} prefetch>
                                         {item.icon && <item.icon />}
-                                        <span>{item.title}</span>
+                                        <span>{t(item.title)}</span>
                                     </Link>
                                 </SidebarMenuButton>
                             )}
diff --git a/resources/js/components/rich-text-editor.tsx b/resources/js/components/rich-text-editor.tsx
index 9e39aaaf..02d0eb87 100644
--- a/resources/js/components/rich-text-editor.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/components/rich-text-editor.tsx
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import {
     Italic, List, ListOrdered, Redo, Undo,
 } from 'lucide-react';
 import { useEffect } from 'react';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 
 interface Props {
     value: string;
@@ -32,6 +33,8 @@ export function RichTextEditor({ value, onChange, onReady }: Readonly<Props>) {
     // cette directive désactive sa mémoïsation pour ce composant.
     'use no memo';
 
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
+
     const editor = useEditor({
         extensions: [
             StarterKit,
@@ -65,21 +68,21 @@ export function RichTextEditor({ value, onChange, onReady }: Readonly<Props>) {
     return (
         <div className="rounded-xl ring-1 ring-gray-200 bg-white overflow-hidden">
             <div className="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-1 border-b border-gray-100 bg-gray-50/60 px-2 py-1.5">
-                <ToolbarButton title="Gras" active={editor.isActive('bold')} onClick={() => editor.chain().focus().toggleBold().run()}><Bold className="w-4 h-4" /></ToolbarButton>
-                <ToolbarButton title="Italique" active={editor.isActive('italic')} onClick={() => editor.chain().focus().toggleItalic().run()}><Italic className="w-4 h-4" /></ToolbarButton>
+                <ToolbarButton title={t('common.editor.bold')} active={editor.isActive('bold')} onClick={() => editor.chain().focus().toggleBold().run()}><Bold className="w-4 h-4" /></ToolbarButton>
+                <ToolbarButton title={t('common.editor.italic')} active={editor.isActive('italic')} onClick={() => editor.chain().focus().toggleItalic().run()}><Italic className="w-4 h-4" /></ToolbarButton>
                 <div className="w-px h-5 bg-gray-200 mx-1" />
-                <ToolbarButton title="Titre 1" active={editor.isActive('heading', { level: 1 })} onClick={() => editor.chain().focus().toggleHeading({ level: 1 }).run()}><Heading1 className="w-4 h-4" /></ToolbarButton>
-                <ToolbarButton title="Titre 2" active={editor.isActive('heading', { level: 2 })} onClick={() => editor.chain().focus().toggleHeading({ level: 2 }).run()}><Heading2 className="w-4 h-4" /></ToolbarButton>
+                <ToolbarButton title={t('common.editor.heading1')} active={editor.isActive('heading', { level: 1 })} onClick={() => editor.chain().focus().toggleHeading({ level: 1 }).run()}><Heading1 className="w-4 h-4" /></ToolbarButton>
+                <ToolbarButton title={t('common.editor.heading2')} active={editor.isActive('heading', { level: 2 })} onClick={() => editor.chain().focus().toggleHeading({ level: 2 }).run()}><Heading2 className="w-4 h-4" /></ToolbarButton>
                 <div className="w-px h-5 bg-gray-200 mx-1" />
-                <ToolbarButton title="Liste à puces" active={editor.isActive('bulletList')} onClick={() => editor.chain().focus().toggleBulletList().run()}><List className="w-4 h-4" /></ToolbarButton>
-                <ToolbarButton title="Liste numérotée" active={editor.isActive('orderedList')} onClick={() => editor.chain().focus().toggleOrderedList().run()}><ListOrdered className="w-4 h-4" /></ToolbarButton>
+                <ToolbarButton title={t('common.editor.bullet_list')} active={editor.isActive('bulletList')} onClick={() => editor.chain().focus().toggleBulletList().run()}><List className="w-4 h-4" /></ToolbarButton>
+                <ToolbarButton title={t('common.editor.numbered_list')} active={editor.isActive('orderedList')} onClick={() => editor.chain().focus().toggleOrderedList().run()}><ListOrdered className="w-4 h-4" /></ToolbarButton>
                 <div className="w-px h-5 bg-gray-200 mx-1" />
-                <ToolbarButton title="Aligner à gauche" active={editor.isActive({ textAlign: 'left' })} onClick={() => editor.chain().focus().setTextAlign('left').run()}><AlignLeft className="w-4 h-4" /></ToolbarButton>
-                <ToolbarButton title="Centrer" active={editor.isActive({ textAlign: 'center' })} onClick={() => editor.chain().focus().setTextAlign('center').run()}><AlignCenter className="w-4 h-4" /></ToolbarButton>
-                <ToolbarButton title="Aligner à droite" active={editor.isActive({ textAlign: 'right' })} onClick={() => editor.chain().focus().setTextAlign('right').run()}><AlignRight className="w-4 h-4" /></ToolbarButton>
+                <ToolbarButton title={t('common.editor.align_left')} active={editor.isActive({ textAlign: 'left' })} onClick={() => editor.chain().focus().setTextAlign('left').run()}><AlignLeft className="w-4 h-4" /></ToolbarButton>
+                <ToolbarButton title={t('common.editor.align_center')} active={editor.isActive({ textAlign: 'center' })} onClick={() => editor.chain().focus().setTextAlign('center').run()}><AlignCenter className="w-4 h-4" /></ToolbarButton>
+                <ToolbarButton title={t('common.editor.align_right')} active={editor.isActive({ textAlign: 'right' })} onClick={() => editor.chain().focus().setTextAlign('right').run()}><AlignRight className="w-4 h-4" /></ToolbarButton>
                 <div className="w-px h-5 bg-gray-200 mx-1" />
-                <ToolbarButton title="Annuler" onClick={() => editor.chain().focus().undo().run()}><Undo className="w-4 h-4" /></ToolbarButton>
-                <ToolbarButton title="Rétablir" onClick={() => editor.chain().focus().redo().run()}><Redo className="w-4 h-4" /></ToolbarButton>
+                <ToolbarButton title={t('common.editor.undo')} onClick={() => editor.chain().focus().undo().run()}><Undo className="w-4 h-4" /></ToolbarButton>
+                <ToolbarButton title={t('common.editor.redo')} onClick={() => editor.chain().focus().redo().run()}><Redo className="w-4 h-4" /></ToolbarButton>
             </div>
             <EditorContent editor={editor} />
         </div>
diff --git a/resources/js/components/students/student-form-steps.tsx b/resources/js/components/students/student-form-steps.tsx
index 20710fa1..6efcaa34 100644
--- a/resources/js/components/students/student-form-steps.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/components/students/student-form-steps.tsx
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { Checkbox } from '@/components/ui/checkbox';
 import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { TOGO_REGIONS, prefecturesOf } from '@/data/togo';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 
 const selectCls = 'flex h-10 w-full rounded-md border border-gray-200 bg-white px-3 text-sm focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-violet-400';
 
@@ -72,14 +73,6 @@ interface StudentFormStepsProps {
     onSubmit: (data: StudentFormPayload) => void;
 }
 
-const stepLabels = [
-    "Informations de l'élève",
-    'Dossier administratif',
-    'Parents',
-    'Santé',
-    'Récapitulatif',
-];
-
 export function StudentFormSteps({
     mode,
     initialValues,
@@ -88,16 +81,25 @@ export function StudentFormSteps({
     onCancel,
     onSubmit,
 }: Readonly<StudentFormStepsProps>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const [currentStep, setCurrentStep] = useState(0);
     const [formData, setFormData] = useState<StudentFormPayload>(initialValues);
 
+    const stepLabels = [
+        t('students.form.steps.student'),
+        t('students.form.steps.admin'),
+        t('students.form.steps.parents'),
+        t('students.form.steps.health'),
+        t('students.form.steps.summary'),
+    ];
+
     const buttonLabel = useMemo(() => {
         if (mode === 'create') {
-            return isSubmitting ? 'Ajout...' : 'Ajouter';
+            return isSubmitting ? t('students.form.adding') : t('common.actions.add');
         }
 
-        return isSubmitting ? 'Enregistrement...' : 'Enregistrer';
-    }, [mode, isSubmitting]);
+        return isSubmitting ? t('students.form.saving') : t('common.actions.save');
+    }, [mode, isSubmitting, t]);
 
     const setField = <K extends keyof StudentFormPayload>(field: K, value: StudentFormPayload[K]) => {
         setFormData((prev) => ({ ...prev, [field]: value }));
@@ -175,7 +177,7 @@ export function StudentFormSteps({
                                 onClick={() => setCurrentStep(index)}
                                 className={`rounded-lg px-4 py-3 text-left transition-colors ${buttonClasses}`}
                             >
-                                <p className="text-xs font-semibold uppercase tracking-wide">Étape {index + 1}</p>
+                                <p className="text-xs font-semibold uppercase tracking-wide">{t('students.form.step', { n: index + 1 })}</p>
                                 <p className="text-sm font-medium mt-1">{label}</p>
                             </button>
                         );
@@ -192,11 +194,11 @@ export function StudentFormSteps({
                                 <div className="w-9 h-9 rounded-full bg-blue-100 flex items-center justify-center">
                                     <User className="w-5 h-5 text-blue-600" />
                                 </div>
-                                <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">Identité de l'élève</h3>
+                                <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('students.form.sec.identity')}</h3>
                             </div>
                             <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-4">
                                 <div>
-                                    <label htmlFor="matricule" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Matricule</label>
+                                    <label htmlFor="matricule" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{t('students.form.lbl.matricule')}</label>
                                     <Input
                                         id="matricule"
                                         value={formData.matricule}
@@ -207,22 +209,22 @@ export function StudentFormSteps({
                                 </div>
 
                                 <div>
-                                    <label htmlFor="gender" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Genre *</label>
+                                    <label htmlFor="gender" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{t('students.form.lbl.gender')}</label>
                                     <select
                                         id="gender"
                                         value={formData.gender}
                                         onChange={(event) => setField('gender', event.target.value as 'male' | 'female' | '')}
                                         className={`w-full px-3 py-2 rounded-lg border bg-white ${getError('gender') ? 'border-red-500' : 'border-gray-300'}`}
                                     >
-                                        <option value="">Sélectionner</option>
-                                        <option value="male">Masculin</option>
-                                        <option value="female">Féminin</option>
+                                        <option value="">{t('students.form.select')}</option>
+                                        <option value="male">{t('students.gender.male')}</option>
+                                        <option value="female">{t('students.gender.female')}</option>
                                     </select>
                                     {getError('gender') && <p className="text-sm text-red-600 mt-1">{getError('gender')}</p>}
                                 </div>
 
                                 <div>
-                                    <label htmlFor="firstname" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Prénom *</label>
+                                    <label htmlFor="firstname" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{t('students.form.lbl.firstname')}</label>
                                     <Input
                                         id="firstname"
                                         value={formData.firstname}
@@ -233,7 +235,7 @@ export function StudentFormSteps({
                                 </div>
 
                                 <div>
-                                    <label htmlFor="lastname" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Nom *</label>
+                                    <label htmlFor="lastname" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{t('students.form.lbl.lastname')}</label>
                                     <Input
                                         id="lastname"
                                         value={formData.lastname}
@@ -251,11 +253,11 @@ export function StudentFormSteps({
                                 <div className="w-9 h-9 rounded-full bg-emerald-100 flex items-center justify-center">
                                     <Calendar className="w-5 h-5 text-emerald-600" />
                                 </div>
-                                <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">Naissance</h3>
+                                <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('students.form.sec.birth')}</h3>
                             </div>
                             <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-3 gap-4">
                                 <div>
-                                    <label htmlFor="birth_date" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Date de naissance *</label>
+                                    <label htmlFor="birth_date" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{t('students.form.lbl.birth_date')}</label>
                                     <Input
                                         id="birth_date"
                                         type="date"
@@ -267,7 +269,7 @@ export function StudentFormSteps({
                                 </div>
 
                                 <div>
-                                    <label htmlFor="place_of_birth" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Lieu de naissance</label>
+                                    <label htmlFor="place_of_birth" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{t('students.form.lbl.place_of_birth')}</label>
                                     <Input
                                         id="place_of_birth"
                                         value={formData.place_of_birth}
@@ -278,7 +280,7 @@ export function StudentFormSteps({
                                 <div>
                                     <label htmlFor="nationality" className="flex items-center gap-2 text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
                                         <Globe className="w-4 h-4 text-emerald-600" />
-                                        Nationalité
+                                        {t('students.form.lbl.nationality')}
                                     </label>
                                     <Input
                                         id="nationality"
@@ -295,13 +297,13 @@ export function StudentFormSteps({
                                 <div className="w-9 h-9 rounded-full bg-violet-100 flex items-center justify-center">
                                     <Phone className="w-5 h-5 text-violet-600" />
                                 </div>
-                                <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">Coordonnées</h3>
+                                <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('students.form.sec.contact')}</h3>
                             </div>
                             <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-4">
                                 <div>
                                     <label htmlFor="phone" className="flex items-center gap-2 text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
                                         <Phone className="w-4 h-4 text-violet-600" />
-                                        Téléphone
+                                        {t('students.form.lbl.phone')}
                                     </label>
                                     <Input
                                         id="phone"
@@ -313,7 +315,7 @@ export function StudentFormSteps({
                                 <div>
                                     <label htmlFor="email" className="flex items-center gap-2 text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
                                         <Mail className="w-4 h-4 text-violet-600" />
-                                        Email
+                                        {t('students.form.lbl.email')}
                                     </label>
                                     <Input
                                         id="email"
@@ -328,7 +330,7 @@ export function StudentFormSteps({
                                 <div>
                                     <label htmlFor="city" className="flex items-center gap-2 text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
                                         <MapPin className="w-4 h-4 text-violet-600" />
-                                        Ville
+                                        {t('students.form.lbl.city')}
                                     </label>
                                     <Input
                                         id="city"
@@ -340,7 +342,7 @@ export function StudentFormSteps({
                                 <div>
                                     <label htmlFor="region" className="flex items-center gap-2 text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
                                         <MapPin className="w-4 h-4 text-violet-600" />
-                                        Région
+                                        {t('students.form.lbl.region')}
                                     </label>
                                     <select
                                         id="region"
@@ -359,7 +361,7 @@ export function StudentFormSteps({
                                 <div>
                                     <label htmlFor="prefecture" className="flex items-center gap-2 text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
                                         <MapPin className="w-4 h-4 text-violet-600" />
-                                        Préfecture
+                                        {t('students.form.lbl.prefecture')}
                                     </label>
                                     <select
                                         id="prefecture"
@@ -376,7 +378,7 @@ export function StudentFormSteps({
                                 <div>
                                     <label htmlFor="address" className="flex items-center gap-2 text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
                                         <MapPin className="w-4 h-4 text-violet-600" />
-                                        Adresse
+                                        {t('students.form.lbl.address')}
                                     </label>
                                     <Input
                                         id="address"
@@ -393,11 +395,11 @@ export function StudentFormSteps({
                                 <div className="w-9 h-9 rounded-full bg-amber-100 flex items-center justify-center">
                                     <Camera className="w-5 h-5 text-amber-600" />
                                 </div>
-                                <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">Photo et statut</h3>
+                                <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('students.form.sec.photo_status')}</h3>
                             </div>
                             <div className="space-y-4">
                                 <div>
-                                    <label htmlFor="profile_photo" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Photo de profil</label>
+                                    <label htmlFor="profile_photo" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{t('students.form.lbl.profile_photo')}</label>
                                     <input
                                         id="profile_photo"
                                         type="file"
@@ -406,10 +408,10 @@ export function StudentFormSteps({
                                         className="block w-full text-sm text-gray-600 file:mr-3 file:rounded-md file:border-0 file:bg-blue-50 file:px-3 file:py-2 file:font-medium file:text-blue-700 hover:file:bg-blue-100"
                                     />
                                     {formData.profile_photo instanceof File ? (
-                                        <p className="text-xs text-emerald-600 mt-1">Sélectionné : {formData.profile_photo.name}</p>
+                                        <p className="text-xs text-emerald-600 mt-1">{t('students.form.photo_selected', { name: formData.profile_photo.name })}</p>
                                     ) : (
                                         <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 mt-1">
-                                            Image (JPG, PNG…), 4 Mo max.{mode === 'edit' ? ' Laissez vide pour conserver la photo actuelle.' : ''}
+                                            {t('students.form.photo_hint')}{mode === 'edit' ? t('students.form.photo_hint_keep') : ''}
                                         </p>
                                     )}
                                     {getError('profile_photo') && <p className="text-sm text-red-600 mt-1">{getError('profile_photo')}</p>}
@@ -421,7 +423,7 @@ export function StudentFormSteps({
                                         checked={formData.active}
                                         onCheckedChange={(checked) => setField('active', checked === true)}
                                     />
-                                    <label htmlFor="active" className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Élève actif</label>
+                                    <label htmlFor="active" className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('students.form.lbl.active')}</label>
                                 </div>
                             </div>
                         </div>
@@ -436,19 +438,19 @@ export function StudentFormSteps({
                                 <div className="w-9 h-9 rounded-full bg-indigo-100 flex items-center justify-center">
                                     <FileText className="w-5 h-5 text-indigo-600" />
                                 </div>
-                                <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">Type d'admission</h3>
+                                <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('students.form.sec.admission')}</h3>
                             </div>
                             <div>
-                                <label htmlFor="admission_type" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Type d'admission *</label>
+                                <label htmlFor="admission_type" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{t('students.form.lbl.admission_type')}</label>
                                 <select
                                     id="admission_type"
                                     value={formData.information.admission_type}
                                     onChange={(event) => setSectionField('information', 'admission_type', event.target.value as 'new' | 'transfer' | 're_admission')}
                                     className={`w-full px-3 py-2 rounded-lg border bg-white ${getError('information.admission_type') ? 'border-red-500' : 'border-gray-300'}`}
                                 >
-                                    <option value="new">Nouvelle inscription</option>
-                                    <option value="transfer">Transfert</option>
-                                    <option value="re_admission">Ré-admission</option>
+                                    <option value="new">{t('students.admission.new')}</option>
+                                    <option value="transfer">{t('students.admission.transfer')}</option>
+                                    <option value="re_admission">{t('students.admission.re_admission')}</option>
                                 </select>
                                 {getError('information.admission_type') && <p className="text-sm text-red-600 mt-1">{getError('information.admission_type')}</p>}
                             </div>
@@ -460,11 +462,11 @@ export function StudentFormSteps({
                                 <div className="w-9 h-9 rounded-full bg-teal-100 flex items-center justify-center">
                                     <Shield className="w-5 h-5 text-teal-600" />
                                 </div>
-                                <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">Acte de naissance</h3>
+                                <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('students.form.sec.birth_cert')}</h3>
                             </div>
                             <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-3 gap-4">
                                 <div>
-                                    <label htmlFor="birth_certificate_number" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">N° acte de naissance</label>
+                                    <label htmlFor="birth_certificate_number" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{t('students.form.lbl.birth_cert_number')}</label>
                                     <Input
                                         id="birth_certificate_number"
                                         value={formData.information.birth_certificate_number}
@@ -473,7 +475,7 @@ export function StudentFormSteps({
                                 </div>
 
                                 <div>
-                                    <label htmlFor="birth_certificate_issue_date" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Date de délivrance</label>
+                                    <label htmlFor="birth_certificate_issue_date" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{t('students.form.lbl.issue_date')}</label>
                                     <Input
                                         id="birth_certificate_issue_date"
                                         type="date"
@@ -483,7 +485,7 @@ export function StudentFormSteps({
                                 </div>
 
                                 <div>
-                                    <label htmlFor="birth_certificate_issue_place" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Lieu de délivrance</label>
+                                    <label htmlFor="birth_certificate_issue_place" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{t('students.form.lbl.issue_place')}</label>
                                     <Input
                                         id="birth_certificate_issue_place"
                                         value={formData.information.birth_certificate_issue_place}
@@ -503,11 +505,11 @@ export function StudentFormSteps({
                                 <div className="w-9 h-9 rounded-full bg-blue-100 flex items-center justify-center">
                                     <UserSquare className="w-5 h-5 text-blue-600" />
                                 </div>
-                                <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">Informations du père</h3>
+                                <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('students.form.sec.father')}</h3>
                             </div>
                             <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-4">
                                 <div>
-                                    <label htmlFor="father_firstname" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Prénom du père *</label>
+                                    <label htmlFor="father_firstname" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{t('students.form.lbl.father_firstname')}</label>
                                     <Input
                                         id="father_firstname"
                                         value={formData.parent.father_firstname}
@@ -517,7 +519,7 @@ export function StudentFormSteps({
                                     {getError('parent.father_firstname') && <p className="text-sm text-red-600 mt-1">{getError('parent.father_firstname')}</p>}
                                 </div>
                                 <div>
-                                    <label htmlFor="father_lastname" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Nom du père *</label>
+                                    <label htmlFor="father_lastname" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{t('students.form.lbl.father_lastname')}</label>
                                     <Input
                                         id="father_lastname"
                                         value={formData.parent.father_lastname}
@@ -527,7 +529,7 @@ export function StudentFormSteps({
                                     {getError('parent.father_lastname') && <p className="text-sm text-red-600 mt-1">{getError('parent.father_lastname')}</p>}
                                 </div>
                                 <div>
-                                    <label htmlFor="father_profession" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Profession du père</label>
+                                    <label htmlFor="father_profession" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{t('students.form.lbl.father_profession')}</label>
                                     <Input
                                         id="father_profession"
                                         value={formData.parent.father_profession}
@@ -537,7 +539,7 @@ export function StudentFormSteps({
                                 <div>
                                     <label htmlFor="father_phone" className="flex items-center gap-2 text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
                                         <Phone className="w-4 h-4 text-blue-600" />
-                                        Téléphone du père
+                                        {t('students.form.lbl.father_phone')}
                                     </label>
                                     <Input
                                         id="father_phone"
@@ -554,11 +556,11 @@ export function StudentFormSteps({
                                 <div className="w-9 h-9 rounded-full bg-pink-100 flex items-center justify-center">
                                     <UserSquare className="w-5 h-5 text-pink-600" />
                                 </div>
-                                <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">Informations de la mère</h3>
+                                <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('students.form.sec.mother')}</h3>
                             </div>
                             <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-4">
                                 <div>
-                                    <label htmlFor="mother_firstname" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Prénom de la mère *</label>
+                                    <label htmlFor="mother_firstname" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{t('students.form.lbl.mother_firstname')}</label>
                                     <Input
                                         id="mother_firstname"
                                         value={formData.parent.mother_firstname}
@@ -568,7 +570,7 @@ export function StudentFormSteps({
                                     {getError('parent.mother_firstname') && <p className="text-sm text-red-600 mt-1">{getError('parent.mother_firstname')}</p>}
                                 </div>
                                 <div>
-                                    <label htmlFor="mother_lastname" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Nom de la mère *</label>
+                                    <label htmlFor="mother_lastname" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{t('students.form.lbl.mother_lastname')}</label>
                                     <Input
                                         id="mother_lastname"
                                         value={formData.parent.mother_lastname}
@@ -578,7 +580,7 @@ export function StudentFormSteps({
                                     {getError('parent.mother_lastname') && <p className="text-sm text-red-600 mt-1">{getError('parent.mother_lastname')}</p>}
                                 </div>
                                 <div>
-                                    <label htmlFor="mother_profession" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Profession de la mère</label>
+                                    <label htmlFor="mother_profession" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{t('students.form.lbl.mother_profession')}</label>
                                     <Input
                                         id="mother_profession"
                                         value={formData.parent.mother_profession}
@@ -588,7 +590,7 @@ export function StudentFormSteps({
                                 <div>
                                     <label htmlFor="mother_phone" className="flex items-center gap-2 text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
                                         <Phone className="w-4 h-4 text-pink-600" />
-                                        Téléphone de la mère
+                                        {t('students.form.lbl.mother_phone')}
                                     </label>
                                     <Input
                                         id="mother_phone"
@@ -605,12 +607,12 @@ export function StudentFormSteps({
                                 <div className="w-9 h-9 rounded-full bg-purple-100 flex items-center justify-center">
                                     <Mail className="w-5 h-5 text-purple-600" />
                                 </div>
-                                <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">Contact des parents</h3>
+                                <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('students.form.sec.parents_contact')}</h3>
                             </div>
                             <div>
                                 <label htmlFor="parent_email" className="flex items-center gap-2 text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
                                     <Mail className="w-4 h-4 text-purple-600" />
-                                    Email parent/tuteur
+                                    {t('students.form.lbl.parent_email')}
                                 </label>
                                 <Input
                                     id="parent_email"
@@ -631,13 +633,13 @@ export function StudentFormSteps({
                                 <div className="w-9 h-9 rounded-full bg-red-100 flex items-center justify-center">
                                     <Droplet className="w-5 h-5 text-red-600" />
                                 </div>
-                                <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">Informations médicales</h3>
+                                <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('students.form.sec.medical')}</h3>
                             </div>
                             <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-4">
                                 <div>
                                     <label htmlFor="blood_group" className="flex items-center gap-2 text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
                                         <Droplet className="w-4 h-4 text-red-600" />
-                                        Groupe sanguin
+                                        {t('students.form.lbl.blood_group')}
                                     </label>
                                     <Input
                                         id="blood_group"
@@ -648,7 +650,7 @@ export function StudentFormSteps({
                                 <div>
                                     <label htmlFor="vaccinations" className="flex items-center gap-2 text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
                                         <Shield className="w-4 h-4 text-red-600" />
-                                        Vaccinations
+                                        {t('students.form.lbl.vaccinations')}
                                     </label>
                                     <Input
                                         id="vaccinations"
@@ -665,11 +667,11 @@ export function StudentFormSteps({
                                 <div className="w-9 h-9 rounded-full bg-orange-100 flex items-center justify-center">
                                     <AlertCircle className="w-5 h-5 text-orange-600" />
                                 </div>
-                                <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">Contact d'urgence</h3>
+                                <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('students.form.sec.emergency')}</h3>
                             </div>
                             <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-4">
                                 <div>
-                                    <label htmlFor="emergency_contact_name" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Contact d'urgence</label>
+                                    <label htmlFor="emergency_contact_name" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{t('students.form.lbl.emergency_contact')}</label>
                                     <Input
                                         id="emergency_contact_name"
                                         value={formData.medical.emergency_contact_name}
@@ -679,7 +681,7 @@ export function StudentFormSteps({
                                 <div>
                                     <label htmlFor="emergency_contact_phone" className="flex items-center gap-2 text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
                                         <Phone className="w-4 h-4 text-orange-600" />
-                                        Téléphone d'urgence
+                                        {t('students.form.lbl.emergency_phone')}
                                     </label>
                                     <Input
                                         id="emergency_contact_phone"
@@ -696,10 +698,10 @@ export function StudentFormSteps({
                                 <div className="w-9 h-9 rounded-full bg-rose-100 flex items-center justify-center">
                                     <Heart className="w-5 h-5 text-rose-600" />
                                 </div>
-                                <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">Allergies et sensibilités</h3>
+                                <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('students.form.sec.allergies')}</h3>
                             </div>
                             <div>
-                                <label htmlFor="allergies" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Allergies</label>
+                                <label htmlFor="allergies" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{t('students.form.lbl.allergies')}</label>
                                 <textarea
                                     id="allergies"
                                     value={formData.medical.allergies}
@@ -713,21 +715,21 @@ export function StudentFormSteps({
                 )}
 
                 {currentStep === 4 && (() => {
-                    const genderLabel = ({ male: 'Masculin', female: 'Féminin', '': '—' } as Record<string, string>)[formData.gender] ?? '—';
-                    const admissionLabel = ({ new: 'Nouvelle inscription', transfer: 'Transfert', re_admission: 'Réadmission' } as Record<string, string>)[formData.information.admission_type] ?? '—';
+                    const genderLabel = ({ male: t('students.gender.male'), female: t('students.gender.female'), '': '—' } as Record<string, string>)[formData.gender] ?? '—';
+                    const admissionLabel = ({ new: t('students.admission.new'), transfer: t('students.admission.transfer'), re_admission: t('students.admission.re_admission') } as Record<string, string>)[formData.information.admission_type] ?? '—';
                     const photoLabel = formData.profile_photo instanceof File
                         ? formData.profile_photo.name
-                        : (formData.profile_photo ? 'Photo actuelle conservée' : 'Aucune');
+                        : (formData.profile_photo ? t('students.form.photo_kept') : t('students.form.photo_none'));
                     const val = (v: string) => (v && v.trim() !== '' ? v : '—');
                     const full = (last: string, first: string) => val(`${last} ${first}`.trim());
                     const sections: { title: string; rows: [string, string][] }[] = [
-                        { title: 'Identité', rows: [['Matricule', val(formData.matricule)], ['Nom', val(formData.lastname)], ['Prénom', val(formData.firstname)], ['Genre', genderLabel]] },
-                        { title: 'Naissance', rows: [['Date', val(formData.birth_date)], ['Lieu', val(formData.place_of_birth)]] },
-                        { title: 'Origine & contact', rows: [['Région', val(formData.region)], ['Préfecture', val(formData.prefecture)], ['Ville', val(formData.city)], ['Adresse', val(formData.address)], ['Nationalité', val(formData.nationality)], ['Téléphone', val(formData.phone)], ['E-mail', val(formData.email)]] },
-                        { title: 'Dossier administratif', rows: [["Type d'admission", admissionLabel], ['N° extrait de naissance', val(formData.information.birth_certificate_number)]] },
-                        { title: 'Parents', rows: [['Père', full(formData.parent.father_lastname, formData.parent.father_firstname)], ['Tél. père', val(formData.parent.father_phone)], ['Mère', full(formData.parent.mother_lastname, formData.parent.mother_firstname)], ['Tél. mère', val(formData.parent.mother_phone)]] },
-                        { title: 'Santé', rows: [['Groupe sanguin', val(formData.medical.blood_group)], ["Contact d'urgence", val(formData.medical.emergency_contact_name)], ['Tél. urgence', val(formData.medical.emergency_contact_phone)]] },
-                        { title: 'Photo & statut', rows: [['Photo', photoLabel], ['Statut', formData.active ? 'Actif' : 'Inactif']] },
+                        { title: t('students.form.recap.identity'), rows: [[t('students.form.recap.matricule'), val(formData.matricule)], [t('students.form.recap.lastname'), val(formData.lastname)], [t('students.form.recap.firstname'), val(formData.firstname)], [t('students.form.recap.gender'), genderLabel]] },
+                        { title: t('students.form.recap.birth'), rows: [[t('students.form.recap.date'), val(formData.birth_date)], [t('students.form.recap.place'), val(formData.place_of_birth)]] },
+                        { title: t('students.form.recap.origin_contact'), rows: [[t('students.form.recap.region'), val(formData.region)], [t('students.form.recap.prefecture'), val(formData.prefecture)], [t('students.form.recap.city'), val(formData.city)], [t('students.form.recap.address'), val(formData.address)], [t('students.form.recap.nationality'), val(formData.nationality)], [t('students.form.recap.phone'), val(formData.phone)], [t('students.form.recap.email'), val(formData.email)]] },
+                        { title: t('students.form.recap.admin'), rows: [[t('students.form.recap.admission_type'), admissionLabel], [t('students.form.recap.birth_cert'), val(formData.information.birth_certificate_number)]] },
+                        { title: t('students.form.recap.parents'), rows: [[t('students.form.recap.father'), full(formData.parent.father_lastname, formData.parent.father_firstname)], [t('students.form.recap.father_phone'), val(formData.parent.father_phone)], [t('students.form.recap.mother'), full(formData.parent.mother_lastname, formData.parent.mother_firstname)], [t('students.form.recap.mother_phone'), val(formData.parent.mother_phone)]] },
+                        { title: t('students.form.recap.health'), rows: [[t('students.form.recap.blood_group'), val(formData.medical.blood_group)], [t('students.form.recap.emergency'), val(formData.medical.emergency_contact_name)], [t('students.form.recap.emergency_phone'), val(formData.medical.emergency_contact_phone)]] },
+                        { title: t('students.form.recap.photo_status'), rows: [[t('students.form.recap.photo'), photoLabel], [t('students.form.recap.status'), formData.active ? t('common.status.active') : t('common.status.inactive')]] },
                     ];
 
                     return (
@@ -738,8 +740,8 @@ export function StudentFormSteps({
                                         <FileText className="w-5 h-5 text-blue-600" />
                                     </div>
                                     <div>
-                                        <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">Récapitulatif</h3>
-                                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-500">Vérifiez les informations avant d'ajouter l'élève.</p>
+                                        <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('students.form.sec.summary')}</h3>
+                                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-500">{t('students.form.summary_hint')}</p>
                                     </div>
                                 </div>
                             </div>
@@ -772,19 +774,19 @@ export function StudentFormSteps({
                             onClick={() => setCurrentStep((prev) => prev - 1)}
                             className="border-gray-300 text-gray-700"
                         >
-                            Retour
+                            {t('common.actions.back')}
                         </Button>
                     )}
                 </div>
 
                 <div className="flex items-center gap-3">
                     <Button type="button" variant="outline" onClick={onCancel} className="border-gray-300 text-gray-700">
-                        Annuler
+                        {t('common.actions.cancel')}
                     </Button>
 
                     {currentStep < stepLabels.length - 1 ? (
                         <Button type="submit" disabled={!canGoNext()} className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700">
-                            Suivant
+                            {t('common.actions.next')}
                         </Button>
                     ) : (
                         <Button type="submit" disabled={isSubmitting} className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700">
diff --git a/resources/js/components/user-menu-content.tsx b/resources/js/components/user-menu-content.tsx
index 719d16f2..25586d99 100644
--- a/resources/js/components/user-menu-content.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/components/user-menu-content.tsx
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import {
     DropdownMenuSeparator,
 } from '@/components/ui/dropdown-menu';
 import { UserInfo } from '@/components/user-info';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import { useMobileNavigation } from '@/hooks/use-mobile-navigation';
 import { edit } from '@/routes/profile';
 import type { User } from '@/types';
@@ -17,6 +18,7 @@ type Props = {
 
 export function UserMenuContent({ user }: Readonly<Props>) {
     const cleanup = useMobileNavigation();
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
 
     const handleLogout = () => {
         cleanup();
@@ -40,7 +42,7 @@ export function UserMenuContent({ user }: Readonly<Props>) {
                         onClick={cleanup}
                     >
                         <Settings className="mr-2" />
-                        Settings
+                        {t('settings.title')}
                     </Link>
                 </DropdownMenuItem>
             </DropdownMenuGroup>
@@ -52,7 +54,7 @@ export function UserMenuContent({ user }: Readonly<Props>) {
                     data-test="logout-button"
                 >
                     <LogOut className="mr-2 inline" />
-                    Log out
+                    {t('auth.logout')}
                 </button>
             </DropdownMenuItem>
         </>
diff --git a/resources/js/helpers/i18n.ts b/resources/js/helpers/i18n.ts
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..9460d3a8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/resources/js/helpers/i18n.ts
@@ -0,0 +1,52 @@
+import { usePage } from '@inertiajs/react';
+
+type Translations = Record<string, unknown>;
+
+export interface LocaleOption {
+    code: string;
+    label: string;
+    flag: string;
+}
+
+interface SharedI18n {
+    translations?: Translations;
+    locale?: string;
+    locales?: LocaleOption[];
+}
+
+/** Résout une clé pointée (« menu.dashboard ») dans le dictionnaire imbriqué. */
+function resolve(dict: Translations, key: string): string | undefined {
+    const value = key.split('.').reduce<unknown>((acc, part) => {
+        if (acc && typeof acc === 'object') {
+            return (acc as Record<string, unknown>)[part];
+        }
+        return undefined;
+    }, dict);
+
+    return typeof value === 'string' ? value : undefined;
+}
+
+/** Remplace les jetons `:param` par leur valeur. */
+function interpolate(text: string, params?: Record<string, string | number>): string {
+    if (!params) {
+        return text;
+    }
+    return text.replace(/:(\w+)/g, (match, name) => (name in params ? String(params[name]) : match));
+}
+
+/**
+ * Traduction côté front, alimentée par les fichiers de langue Laravel partagés
+ * via Inertia. `t('menu.dashboard')` ; interpolation : `t('x', { name })`.
+ * Clé absente → repli sur la langue par défaut (fusionnée côté serveur) puis sur la clé.
+ */
+export function useTranslation() {
+    const props = usePage().props as unknown as SharedI18n;
+    const translations = props.translations ?? {};
+    const locale = props.locale ?? 'fr';
+    const locales = props.locales ?? [];
+
+    const t = (key: string, params?: Record<string, string | number>): string =>
+        interpolate(resolve(translations, key) ?? key, params);
+
+    return { t, locale, locales };
+}
diff --git a/resources/js/layouts/settings/layout.tsx b/resources/js/layouts/settings/layout.tsx
index 9efa2bee..abdafeb1 100644
--- a/resources/js/layouts/settings/layout.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/layouts/settings/layout.tsx
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import { User, Lock, Shield, Palette } from 'lucide-react';
 import type { PropsWithChildren } from 'react';
 import Heading from '@/components/heading';
 import { Separator } from '@/components/ui/separator';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import { toPath, useCurrentUrl } from '@/hooks/use-current-url';
 import { cn, toUrl } from '@/lib/utils';
 import { edit as editAppearance } from '@/routes/appearance';
@@ -11,30 +12,16 @@ import { show } from '@/routes/two-factor';
 import { edit as editPassword } from '@/routes/user-password';
 import type { NavItem } from '@/types';
 
-const sidebarNavItems: NavItem[] = [
-    {
-        title: 'Mon profil',
-        href: edit(),
-        icon: User,
-    },
-    {
-        title: 'Mot de passe',
-        href: editPassword(),
-        icon: Lock,
-    },
-    {
-        title: 'Authentification 2FA',
-        href: show(),
-        icon: Shield,
-    },
-    {
-        title: 'Apparence',
-        href: editAppearance(),
-        icon: Palette,
-    },
-];
-
 export default function SettingsLayout({ children, bare = false }: Readonly<PropsWithChildren<{ bare?: boolean }>>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
+
+    const sidebarNavItems: NavItem[] = [
+        { title: t('settings.profile.title'), href: edit(), icon: User },
+        { title: t('settings.password.title'), href: editPassword(), icon: Lock },
+        { title: t('settings.two_factor.title'), href: show(), icon: Shield },
+        { title: t('settings.appearance.title'), href: editAppearance(), icon: Palette },
+    ];
+
     // Le lien le plus spécifique gagne, et une sous-page reste rattachée à son onglet.
     const activeHref = useCurrentUrl().findActiveHref(sidebarNavItems.map((i) => i.href));
 
@@ -47,8 +34,8 @@ export default function SettingsLayout({ children, bare = false }: Readonly<Prop
         <div className="min-h-screen bg-background">
             <div className="px-4 py-6">
                 <Heading
-                    title="Mon compte"
-                    description="Gérez votre profil et les paramètres de votre compte"
+                    title={t('settings.account')}
+                    description={t('settings.account_desc')}
                 />
 
                 <div className="flex flex-col lg:flex-row lg:gap-6 mt-6">
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Administration/AuditLogs/Index.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Administration/AuditLogs/Index.tsx
index 2fdbce61..a8844830 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Administration/AuditLogs/Index.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Administration/AuditLogs/Index.tsx
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { Select, SelectContent, SelectItem, SelectTrigger, SelectValue } from '@/components/ui/select';
 import { Table, TableBody, TableCell, TableHead, TableHeader, TableRow } from '@/components/ui/table';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Change { field: string; old: string; new: string }
@@ -33,16 +34,17 @@ interface Props {
     filters: { search: string; event: string; type: string };
 }
 
-const EVENT_META: Record<string, { label: string; cls: string }> = {
-    created: { label: 'Création', cls: 'bg-emerald-100 text-emerald-700' },
-    updated: { label: 'Modification', cls: 'bg-blue-100 text-blue-700' },
-    deleted: { label: 'Suppression', cls: 'bg-red-100 text-red-700' },
-    restored: { label: 'Restauration', cls: 'bg-amber-100 text-amber-700' },
+const EVENT_META: Record<string, { key: string; cls: string }> = {
+    created: { key: 'event_created', cls: 'bg-emerald-100 text-emerald-700' },
+    updated: { key: 'event_updated', cls: 'bg-blue-100 text-blue-700' },
+    deleted: { key: 'event_deleted', cls: 'bg-red-100 text-red-700' },
+    restored: { key: 'event_restored', cls: 'bg-amber-100 text-amber-700' },
 };
 
 const ALL = '__all__';
 
 export default function Index({ logs, types, filters }: Readonly<Props>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const [search, setSearch] = useState(filters.search || '');
 
     const apply = (next: Partial<{ search: string; event: string; type: string }>) => {
@@ -59,33 +61,33 @@ export default function Index({ logs, types, filters }: Readonly<Props>) {
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Journal d'audit" />
+            <Head title={t('administration.audit_logs.head')} />
             <div className="w-full space-y-6">
                 <div>
                     <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3">
-                        <History className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" /> Journal d'audit
+                        <History className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" /> {t('administration.audit_logs.head')}
                     </h1>
-                    <p className="mt-2 text-gray-500">Historique des créations, modifications et suppressions sur les données sensibles.</p>
+                    <p className="mt-2 text-gray-500">{t('administration.audit_logs.subtitle')}</p>
                 </div>
 
                 {/* Filtres */}
                 <div className="rounded-2xl bg-linear-to-br from-slate-50 to-white p-4 shadow-sm ring-1 ring-slate-100 flex flex-wrap gap-2 items-center">
                     <div className="flex-1 relative min-w-48">
                         <Search className="absolute left-3 top-3 w-5 h-5 text-gray-400" />
-                        <Input placeholder="Rechercher (libellé de l'entité)…" className="pl-10 border-slate-200"
+                        <Input placeholder={t('administration.audit_logs.search_ph')} className="pl-10 border-slate-200"
                             value={search} onChange={(e) => setSearch(e.target.value)} onKeyDown={(e) => e.key === 'Enter' && apply({ search })} />
                     </div>
                     <Select value={filters.event || ALL} onValueChange={(v) => apply({ event: v === ALL ? '' : v })}>
-                        <SelectTrigger className="w-44"><SelectValue placeholder="Action" /></SelectTrigger>
+                        <SelectTrigger className="w-44"><SelectValue placeholder={t('administration.audit_logs.action')} /></SelectTrigger>
                         <SelectContent>
-                            <SelectItem value={ALL}>Toutes les actions</SelectItem>
-                            {Object.entries(EVENT_META).map(([v, m]) => <SelectItem key={v} value={v}>{m.label}</SelectItem>)}
+                            <SelectItem value={ALL}>{t('administration.audit_logs.all_actions')}</SelectItem>
+                            {Object.entries(EVENT_META).map(([v, m]) => <SelectItem key={v} value={v}>{t('administration.audit_logs.' + m.key)}</SelectItem>)}
                         </SelectContent>
                     </Select>
                     <Select value={filters.type || ALL} onValueChange={(v) => apply({ type: v === ALL ? '' : v })}>
-                        <SelectTrigger className="w-44"><SelectValue placeholder="Entité" /></SelectTrigger>
+                        <SelectTrigger className="w-44"><SelectValue placeholder={t('administration.audit_logs.entity')} /></SelectTrigger>
                         <SelectContent>
-                            <SelectItem value={ALL}>Toutes les entités</SelectItem>
+                            <SelectItem value={ALL}>{t('administration.audit_logs.all_entities')}</SelectItem>
                             {Object.entries(types).map(([v, label]) => <SelectItem key={v} value={v}>{label}</SelectItem>)}
                         </SelectContent>
                     </Select>
@@ -102,25 +104,27 @@ export default function Index({ logs, types, filters }: Readonly<Props>) {
                     <Table>
                         <TableHeader className="bg-gray-50 border-b border-slate-200">
                             <TableRow>
-                                <TableHead className="text-gray-700 font-semibold">Date</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="text-gray-700 font-semibold">Auteur</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="text-gray-700 font-semibold">Action</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="text-gray-700 font-semibold">Entité</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="text-gray-700 font-semibold">Modifications</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="text-gray-700 font-semibold">{t('administration.audit_logs.col_date')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="text-gray-700 font-semibold">{t('administration.audit_logs.col_author')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="text-gray-700 font-semibold">{t('administration.audit_logs.col_action')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="text-gray-700 font-semibold">{t('administration.audit_logs.col_entity')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="text-gray-700 font-semibold">{t('administration.audit_logs.col_changes')}</TableHead>
                             </TableRow>
                         </TableHeader>
                         <TableBody>
                             {logs.data.length === 0 ? (
                                 <TableRow><TableCell colSpan={5} className="py-12 text-center text-gray-400">
-                                    <History className="w-10 h-10 mx-auto mb-2 opacity-30" /> Aucune entrée.
+                                    <History className="w-10 h-10 mx-auto mb-2 opacity-30" /> {t('administration.audit_logs.empty')}
                                 </TableCell></TableRow>
                             ) : logs.data.map((log) => {
-                                const meta = EVENT_META[log.event] ?? { label: log.event, cls: 'bg-gray-100 text-gray-600' };
+                                const meta = EVENT_META[log.event];
+                                const eventLabel = meta ? t('administration.audit_logs.' + meta.key) : log.event;
+                                const eventCls = meta?.cls ?? 'bg-gray-100 text-gray-600';
                                 return (
                                     <TableRow key={log.id} className="border-b border-slate-100 hover:bg-blue-50/30 align-top">
                                         <TableCell className="text-gray-600 whitespace-nowrap">{log.created_at}</TableCell>
-                                        <TableCell className="text-gray-700">{log.user ?? <span className="text-gray-400 italic">Système</span>}</TableCell>
-                                        <TableCell><span className={`inline-flex px-2.5 py-0.5 rounded-full text-xs font-medium ${meta.cls}`}>{meta.label}</span></TableCell>
+                                        <TableCell className="text-gray-700">{log.user ?? <span className="text-gray-400 italic">{t('administration.audit_logs.system')}</span>}</TableCell>
+                                        <TableCell><span className={`inline-flex px-2.5 py-0.5 rounded-full text-xs font-medium ${eventCls}`}>{eventLabel}</span></TableCell>
                                         <TableCell>
                                             <div className="font-medium text-gray-900">{log.entity}</div>
                                             {log.label && <div className="text-xs text-gray-400">{log.label}</div>}
@@ -136,7 +140,7 @@ export default function Index({ logs, types, filters }: Readonly<Props>) {
                                                                 : <> : {log.event === 'deleted' ? c.old : c.new}</>}
                                                         </li>
                                                     ))}
-                                                    {log.changes.length > 6 && <li className="text-gray-400">+{log.changes.length - 6} champ(s)…</li>}
+                                                    {log.changes.length > 6 && <li className="text-gray-400">{t('administration.audit_logs.more_fields', { count: log.changes.length - 6 })}</li>}
                                                 </ul>
                                             )}
                                         </TableCell>
@@ -149,7 +153,7 @@ export default function Index({ logs, types, filters }: Readonly<Props>) {
 
                 {logs.last_page > 1 && (
                     <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
-                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Affichage {logs.from} à {logs.to} sur {logs.total}</p>
+                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('administration.audit_logs.range', { from: logs.from, to: logs.to, total: logs.total })}</p>
                         <div className="flex gap-2">
                             <Button variant="outline" size="sm" className="border-slate-200" disabled={logs.current_page === 1} onClick={() => goToPage(logs.current_page - 1)}><ChevronLeft className="w-4 h-4" /></Button>
                             <Button variant="outline" size="sm" className="border-slate-200" disabled={logs.current_page === logs.last_page} onClick={() => goToPage(logs.current_page + 1)}><ChevronRight className="w-4 h-4" /></Button>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Administration/Guardians/Create.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Administration/Guardians/Create.tsx
index 127e4518..ce09506d 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Administration/Guardians/Create.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Administration/Guardians/Create.tsx
@@ -2,9 +2,11 @@ import { Head, router, useForm } from '@inertiajs/react';
 import { Users } from 'lucide-react';
 import { GuardianForm, type GuardianFormData } from '@/components/Guardians/guardian-form';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 export default function Create() {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const { data, setData, post, processing, errors } = useForm<GuardianFormData>({
         first_name: '',
         last_name: '',
@@ -21,13 +23,13 @@ export default function Create() {
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Nouveau tuteur" />
+            <Head title={t('administration.guardians.create.head')} />
             <div className="w-full space-y-6">
                 <div>
                     <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3">
-                        <Users className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" /> Nouveau tuteur
+                        <Users className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" /> {t('administration.guardians.create.title')}
                     </h1>
-                    <p className="mt-2 text-gray-500">Créez le compte et liez-le à un ou plusieurs élèves (par matricule).</p>
+                    <p className="mt-2 text-gray-500">{t('administration.guardians.create.subtitle')}</p>
                 </div>
 
                 <GuardianForm
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Administration/Guardians/Edit.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Administration/Guardians/Edit.tsx
index 307d6f37..071be03d 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Administration/Guardians/Edit.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Administration/Guardians/Edit.tsx
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { Head, router, useForm } from '@inertiajs/react';
 import { Users } from 'lucide-react';
 import { GuardianForm, type GuardianFormData } from '@/components/Guardians/guardian-form';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Props {
@@ -16,6 +17,7 @@ interface Props {
 }
 
 export default function Edit({ guardian }: Readonly<Props>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const { data, setData, put, processing, errors } = useForm<GuardianFormData>({
         first_name: guardian.first_name,
         last_name: guardian.last_name,
@@ -32,11 +34,11 @@ export default function Edit({ guardian }: Readonly<Props>) {
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Modifier le tuteur" />
+            <Head title={t('administration.guardians.edit.head')} />
             <div className="w-full space-y-6">
                 <div>
                     <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3">
-                        <Users className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" /> Modifier le tuteur
+                        <Users className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" /> {t('administration.guardians.edit.title')}
                     </h1>
                     <p className="mt-2 text-gray-500">{guardian.first_name} {guardian.last_name}</p>
                 </div>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Administration/Guardians/Index.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Administration/Guardians/Index.tsx
index 0c6cf01b..7755a571 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Administration/Guardians/Index.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Administration/Guardians/Index.tsx
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import { IconButton } from '@/components/icon-button';
 import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { Table, TableBody, TableCell, TableHead, TableHeader, TableRow } from '@/components/ui/table';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Guardian {
@@ -21,6 +22,7 @@ interface Paginated { data: Guardian[]; current_page: number; last_page: number;
 interface Props { guardians: Paginated; filters: { search: string } }
 
 export default function Index({ guardians, filters }: Readonly<Props>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const [search, setSearch] = useState(filters.search || '');
     const [deleteId, setDeleteId] = useState<string | null>(null);
     const firstRender = useRef(true);
@@ -40,27 +42,27 @@ export default function Index({ guardians, filters }: Readonly<Props>) {
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Accès portail" />
+            <Head title={t('administration.guardians.index.head')} />
             <div className="w-full space-y-6">
                 <div className="flex items-start justify-between gap-4 flex-wrap">
                     <div>
-                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3"><Users className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" /> Accès portail</h1>
-                        <p className="mt-2 text-gray-500">Comptes tuteurs et liaison aux élèves pour le portail parents.</p>
+                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3"><Users className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" /> {t('administration.guardians.index.head')}</h1>
+                        <p className="mt-2 text-gray-500">{t('administration.guardians.index.subtitle')}</p>
                     </div>
-                    <Button onClick={() => router.get(route('guardians.create'))} className="gap-2 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700"><Plus className="w-4 h-4" /> Nouveau tuteur</Button>
+                    <Button onClick={() => router.get(route('guardians.create'))} className="gap-2 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700"><Plus className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('administration.guardians.index.new')}</Button>
                 </div>
 
                 <div className="rounded-2xl bg-linear-to-br from-slate-50 to-white p-4 shadow-sm ring-1 ring-slate-100">
                     <div className="relative">
                         <Search className="absolute left-3 top-1/2 -translate-y-1/2 w-5 h-5 text-gray-400" />
                         <Input
-                            placeholder="Rechercher un tuteur (nom, e-mail, téléphone) ou un enfant (matricule, nom)…"
+                            placeholder={t('administration.guardians.index.search_ph')}
                             className="pl-10 pr-10 border-slate-200"
                             value={search}
                             onChange={(e) => setSearch(e.target.value)}
                         />
                         {search && (
-                            <button onClick={() => setSearch('')} aria-label="Effacer la recherche" className="absolute right-3 top-1/2 -translate-y-1/2 text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600">
+                            <button onClick={() => setSearch('')} aria-label={t('administration.guardians.index.clear_search')} className="absolute right-3 top-1/2 -translate-y-1/2 text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600">
                                 <X className="w-5 h-5" />
                             </button>
                         )}
@@ -71,16 +73,16 @@ export default function Index({ guardians, filters }: Readonly<Props>) {
                     <Table>
                         <TableHeader className="bg-gray-50 border-b border-slate-200">
                             <TableRow>
-                                <TableHead>Tuteur</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead>E-mail</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="text-center">Enfants</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="text-center">Statut</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="text-right">Actions</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead>{t('administration.guardians.index.col_guardian')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead>{t('administration.guardians.index.col_email')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="text-center">{t('administration.guardians.index.col_children')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="text-center">{t('administration.guardians.index.col_status')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="text-right">{t('administration.guardians.index.col_actions')}</TableHead>
                             </TableRow>
                         </TableHeader>
                         <TableBody>
                             {guardians.data.length === 0 ? (
-                                <TableRow><TableCell colSpan={5} className="py-12 text-center text-gray-400"><Users className="w-10 h-10 mx-auto mb-2 opacity-30" /> Aucun compte tuteur.</TableCell></TableRow>
+                                <TableRow><TableCell colSpan={5} className="py-12 text-center text-gray-400"><Users className="w-10 h-10 mx-auto mb-2 opacity-30" /> {t('administration.guardians.index.empty')}</TableCell></TableRow>
                             ) : guardians.data.map((g) => (
                                 <TableRow key={g.id} className="border-b border-slate-100 hover:bg-blue-50/30">
                                     <TableCell><div className="font-medium text-gray-900">{g.name}</div>{g.phone && <div className="text-xs text-gray-400">{g.phone}</div>}</TableCell>
@@ -88,14 +90,14 @@ export default function Index({ guardians, filters }: Readonly<Props>) {
                                     <TableCell className="text-center text-gray-700">{g.children_count}</TableCell>
                                     <TableCell className="text-center">
                                         {g.activated
-                                            ? <span className="inline-flex items-center gap-1 px-2.5 py-0.5 rounded-full text-xs font-medium bg-emerald-100 text-emerald-700"><CheckCircle2 className="w-3 h-3" /> Activé</span>
-                                            : <span className="inline-flex px-2.5 py-0.5 rounded-full text-xs font-medium bg-amber-100 text-amber-700">En attente</span>}
+                                            ? <span className="inline-flex items-center gap-1 px-2.5 py-0.5 rounded-full text-xs font-medium bg-emerald-100 text-emerald-700"><CheckCircle2 className="w-3 h-3" /> {t('administration.guardians.index.activated')}</span>
+                                            : <span className="inline-flex px-2.5 py-0.5 rounded-full text-xs font-medium bg-amber-100 text-amber-700">{t('administration.guardians.index.pending')}</span>}
                                     </TableCell>
                                     <TableCell className="text-right">
                                         <div className="flex justify-end gap-1.5">
-                                            <IconButton label="Renvoyer l'invitation" icon={<Mail className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />} onClick={() => router.post(route('guardians.invite', g.id), {}, { preserveScroll: true })} />
-                                            <IconButton label="Modifier" icon={<Pencil className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />} onClick={() => router.get(route('guardians.edit', g.id))} />
-                                            <IconButton label="Supprimer" icon={<Trash2 className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />} className="border-red-200 text-red-500 hover:bg-red-50" onClick={() => setDeleteId(g.id)} />
+                                            <IconButton label={t('administration.guardians.index.resend_invite')} icon={<Mail className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />} onClick={() => router.post(route('guardians.invite', g.id), {}, { preserveScroll: true })} />
+                                            <IconButton label={t('administration.guardians.index.edit')} icon={<Pencil className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />} onClick={() => router.get(route('guardians.edit', g.id))} />
+                                            <IconButton label={t('administration.guardians.index.delete')} icon={<Trash2 className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />} className="border-red-200 text-red-500 hover:bg-red-50" onClick={() => setDeleteId(g.id)} />
                                         </div>
                                     </TableCell>
                                 </TableRow>
@@ -106,7 +108,7 @@ export default function Index({ guardians, filters }: Readonly<Props>) {
 
                 {guardians.last_page > 1 && (
                     <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
-                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Affichage {guardians.from} à {guardians.to} sur {guardians.total}</p>
+                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('administration.guardians.index.range', { from: guardians.from, to: guardians.to, total: guardians.total })}</p>
                         <div className="flex gap-2">
                             <Button variant="outline" size="sm" disabled={guardians.current_page === 1} onClick={() => router.get(route('guardians.index'), { search, page: guardians.current_page - 1 }, { preserveScroll: true })}><ChevronLeft className="w-4 h-4" /></Button>
                             <Button variant="outline" size="sm" disabled={guardians.current_page === guardians.last_page} onClick={() => router.get(route('guardians.index'), { search, page: guardians.current_page + 1 }, { preserveScroll: true })}><ChevronRight className="w-4 h-4" /></Button>
@@ -117,10 +119,10 @@ export default function Index({ guardians, filters }: Readonly<Props>) {
 
             <AlertDialog open={!!deleteId} onOpenChange={() => setDeleteId(null)}>
                 <AlertDialogContent>
-                    <AlertDialogHeader><AlertDialogTitle>Supprimer ce compte tuteur ?</AlertDialogTitle><AlertDialogDescription>L'accès au portail sera révoqué. Les élèves ne sont pas affectés.</AlertDialogDescription></AlertDialogHeader>
+                    <AlertDialogHeader><AlertDialogTitle>{t('administration.guardians.index.delete_title')}</AlertDialogTitle><AlertDialogDescription>{t('administration.guardians.index.delete_desc')}</AlertDialogDescription></AlertDialogHeader>
                     <div className="flex justify-end gap-2">
-                        <AlertDialogCancel>Annuler</AlertDialogCancel>
-                        <AlertDialogAction className="bg-red-600 hover:bg-red-700" onClick={() => deleteId && router.delete(route('guardians.destroy', deleteId), { preserveScroll: true, onSuccess: () => setDeleteId(null) })}>Supprimer</AlertDialogAction>
+                        <AlertDialogCancel>{t('administration.guardians.index.cancel')}</AlertDialogCancel>
+                        <AlertDialogAction className="bg-red-600 hover:bg-red-700" onClick={() => deleteId && router.delete(route('guardians.destroy', deleteId), { preserveScroll: true, onSuccess: () => setDeleteId(null) })}>{t('administration.guardians.index.delete')}</AlertDialogAction>
                     </div>
                 </AlertDialogContent>
             </AlertDialog>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Administration/Permissions/Create.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Administration/Permissions/Create.tsx
index 83f57bc2..ce736e0c 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Administration/Permissions/Create.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Administration/Permissions/Create.tsx
@@ -4,9 +4,11 @@ import { useState } from 'react';
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 export default function Create(): React.ReactNode {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const [formData, setFormData] = useState({
         name: '',
         description: '',
@@ -32,7 +34,7 @@ export default function Create(): React.ReactNode {
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Créer une permission" />
+            <Head title={t('administration.permissions.create.head')} />
 
             <div className="space-y-6">
                 {/* Header */}
@@ -45,7 +47,7 @@ export default function Create(): React.ReactNode {
                     </button>
                     <div>
                         <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900">
-                            Créer une nouvelle permission
+                            {t('administration.permissions.create.title')}
                         </h1>
                     </div>
                 </div>
@@ -54,34 +56,34 @@ export default function Create(): React.ReactNode {
                     {/* Nom de la permission */}
                     <div className="bg-white rounded-lg border p-6">
                         <label htmlFor="perm-name" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
-                            Nom de la permission *
+                            {t('administration.permissions.create.name')}
                         </label>
                         <Input
                             id="perm-name"
                             type="text"
                             value={formData.name}
                             onChange={(e) => setFormData(prev => ({ ...prev, name: e.target.value }))}
-                            placeholder="Ex: view_students"
+                            placeholder={t('administration.permissions.create.name_ph')}
                             className={errors.name ? 'border-red-500' : ''}
                         />
                         {errors.name && (
                             <p className="text-red-600 text-sm mt-1">{errors.name}</p>
                         )}
                         <p className="text-sm text-gray-500 mt-2">
-                            Utilisez des caractères minuscules et des underscores
+                            {t('administration.permissions.create.name_hint')}
                         </p>
                     </div>
 
                     {/* Description */}
                     <div className="bg-white rounded-lg border p-6">
                         <label htmlFor="perm-description" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
-                            Description
+                            {t('administration.permissions.create.description')}
                         </label>
                         <textarea
                             id="perm-description"
                             value={formData.description}
                             onChange={(e) => setFormData(prev => ({ ...prev, description: e.target.value }))}
-                            placeholder="Décrivez la permission..."
+                            placeholder={t('administration.permissions.create.description_ph')}
                             rows={4}
                             className="w-full px-3 py-2 border border-gray-300 rounded-lg focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-blue-500"
                         />
@@ -94,14 +96,14 @@ export default function Create(): React.ReactNode {
                             disabled={isSubmitting}
                             className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700"
                         >
-                            {isSubmitting ? 'Création...' : 'Créer'}
+                            {isSubmitting ? t('administration.permissions.create.creating') : t('administration.permissions.create.create')}
                         </Button>
                         <Button
                             type="button"
                             variant="outline"
                             onClick={() => router.get(route('permissions.index'))}
                         >
-                            Annuler
+                            {t('administration.permissions.create.cancel')}
                         </Button>
                     </div>
                 </form>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Administration/Permissions/Edit.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Administration/Permissions/Edit.tsx
index d2e8115e..6b4ebdc1 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Administration/Permissions/Edit.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Administration/Permissions/Edit.tsx
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import { useState } from 'react';
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Permission {
@@ -19,6 +20,7 @@ interface EditProps {
 }
 
 export default function Edit({ permission }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const [formData, setFormData] = useState({
         name: permission.name,
         description: permission.description || '',
@@ -44,7 +46,7 @@ export default function Edit({ permission }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title={`Éditer ${permission.name}`} />
+            <Head title={t('administration.permissions.edit.head', { name: permission.name })} />
 
             <div className="space-y-6">
                 {/* Header */}
@@ -57,7 +59,7 @@ export default function Edit({ permission }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
                     </button>
                     <div>
                         <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900">
-                            Éditer la permission
+                            {t('administration.permissions.edit.title')}
                         </h1>
                         <p className="text-gray-600 mt-1">{permission.name}</p>
                     </div>
@@ -67,34 +69,34 @@ export default function Edit({ permission }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
                     {/* Nom de la permission */}
                     <div className="bg-white rounded-lg border p-6">
                         <label htmlFor="edit-perm-name" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
-                            Nom de la permission *
+                            {t('administration.permissions.edit.name')}
                         </label>
                         <Input
                             id="edit-perm-name"
                             type="text"
                             value={formData.name}
                             onChange={(e) => setFormData(prev => ({ ...prev, name: e.target.value }))}
-                            placeholder="Ex: view_students"
+                            placeholder={t('administration.permissions.edit.name_ph')}
                             className={errors.name ? 'border-red-500' : ''}
                         />
                         {errors.name && (
                             <p className="text-red-600 text-sm mt-1">{errors.name}</p>
                         )}
                         <p className="text-sm text-gray-500 mt-2">
-                            Utilisez des caractères minuscules et des underscores
+                            {t('administration.permissions.edit.name_hint')}
                         </p>
                     </div>
 
                     {/* Description */}
                     <div className="bg-white rounded-lg border p-6">
                         <label htmlFor="edit-perm-description" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
-                            Description
+                            {t('administration.permissions.edit.description')}
                         </label>
                         <textarea
                             id="edit-perm-description"
                             value={formData.description}
                             onChange={(e) => setFormData(prev => ({ ...prev, description: e.target.value }))}
-                            placeholder="Décrivez la permission..."
+                            placeholder={t('administration.permissions.edit.description_ph')}
                             rows={4}
                             className="w-full px-3 py-2 border border-gray-300 rounded-lg focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-blue-500"
                         />
@@ -107,14 +109,14 @@ export default function Edit({ permission }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
                             disabled={isSubmitting}
                             className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700"
                         >
-                            {isSubmitting ? 'Mise à jour...' : 'Mettre à jour'}
+                            {isSubmitting ? t('administration.permissions.edit.updating') : t('administration.permissions.edit.update')}
                         </Button>
                         <Button
                             type="button"
                             variant="outline"
                             onClick={() => router.get(route('permissions.index'))}
                         >
-                            Annuler
+                            {t('administration.permissions.edit.cancel')}
                         </Button>
                     </div>
                 </form>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Administration/Permissions/Index.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Administration/Permissions/Index.tsx
index 0d4dd50c..f4efda14 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Administration/Permissions/Index.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Administration/Permissions/Index.tsx
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ import {
     TableRow,
 } from '@/components/ui/table';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Permission {
@@ -51,6 +52,7 @@ interface IndexProps {
 }
 
 export default function Index({ permissions, message, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const [deleteConfirm, setDeleteConfirm] = useState<string | null>(null);
     const [isDeleting, setIsDeleting] = useState(false);
     const [searchQuery, setSearchQuery] = useState(filters.search || '');
@@ -86,7 +88,7 @@ export default function Index({ permissions, message, filters }: Readonly<IndexP
     // Stat Cards
     const statsCards = [
         {
-            title: 'Permissions totales',
+            title: t('administration.permissions.index.stat_total'),
             value: permissions.total,
             icon: Lock,
             bgColor: 'bg-blue-50',
@@ -94,8 +96,8 @@ export default function Index({ permissions, message, filters }: Readonly<IndexP
             borderColor: 'border-blue-200',
         },
         {
-            title: 'Moyenne par rôle',
-            value: permissions.total > 0 
+            title: t('administration.permissions.index.stat_avg_per_role'),
+            value: permissions.total > 0
                 ? (permissions.data.reduce((sum, perm) => sum + perm.roles_count, 0) / permissions.data.length).toFixed(1)
                 : 0,
             icon: CheckCircle2,
@@ -104,7 +106,7 @@ export default function Index({ permissions, message, filters }: Readonly<IndexP
             borderColor: 'border-green-200',
         },
         {
-            title: 'Page',
+            title: t('administration.permissions.index.stat_page'),
             value: `${permissions.current_page}/${permissions.last_page}`,
             icon: Shield,
             bgColor: 'bg-purple-50',
@@ -115,25 +117,25 @@ export default function Index({ permissions, message, filters }: Readonly<IndexP
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Permissions" />
+            <Head title={t('administration.permissions.index.head')} />
 
             <div className="space-y-6">
                 {/* Header avec titre et bouton */}
                 <div className="flex items-start justify-between">
                     <div>
                         <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3"><Lock className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />
-                            Permissions
+                            {t('administration.permissions.index.head')}
                         </h1>
                         <p className="mt-2 text-lg text-gray-600">
-                            Gérez les permissions de l'application
+                            {t('administration.permissions.index.subtitle')}
                         </p>
                     </div>
-                    <Button 
+                    <Button
                         onClick={() => router.get(route('permissions.create'))}
                         className="gap-2 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700"
                     >
                         <Plus className="w-5 h-5" />
-                        Nouvelle permission
+                        {t('administration.permissions.index.new')}
                     </Button>
                 </div>
 
@@ -178,7 +180,7 @@ export default function Index({ permissions, message, filters }: Readonly<IndexP
                                 <Search className="absolute left-3 top-1/2 -translate-y-1/2 w-5 h-5 text-blue-400 group-focus-within:text-blue-600 transition" />
                                 <Input
                                     type="text"
-                                    placeholder="Rechercher une permission par nom ou description..."
+                                    placeholder={t('administration.permissions.index.search_ph')}
                                     value={searchQuery}
                                     onChange={(e) => setSearchQuery(e.target.value)}
                                     onKeyDown={(e) => e.key === 'Enter' && handleSearch()}
@@ -198,12 +200,12 @@ export default function Index({ permissions, message, filters }: Readonly<IndexP
                                 className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700 text-white gap-2 shrink-0 transition"
                             >
                                 <Search className="w-4 h-4" />
-                                Rechercher
+                                {t('administration.permissions.index.search')}
                             </Button>
                         </div>
                         {searchQuery && (
                             <p className="text-sm text-gray-500 mt-3">
-                                Résultats pour : <span className="font-semibold text-gray-700">« {searchQuery} »</span>
+                                {t('administration.permissions.index.results_for')} <span className="font-semibold text-gray-700">« {searchQuery} »</span>
                             </p>
                         )}
                     </div>
@@ -215,10 +217,10 @@ export default function Index({ permissions, message, filters }: Readonly<IndexP
                         <Table>
                             <TableHeader className="bg-gray-50">
                                 <TableRow className="border-b border-gray-200">
-                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Nom</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Description</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Rôles associés</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead className="text-center font-semibold text-gray-900 w-24">Actions</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('administration.permissions.index.col_name')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('administration.permissions.index.col_description')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('administration.permissions.index.col_roles')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="text-center font-semibold text-gray-900 w-24">{t('administration.permissions.index.col_actions')}</TableHead>
                                 </TableRow>
                             </TableHeader>
                             <TableBody>
@@ -230,7 +232,7 @@ export default function Index({ permissions, message, filters }: Readonly<IndexP
                                         >
                                             <div className="flex flex-col items-center gap-2">
                                                 <Lock className="w-12 h-12 text-gray-300" />
-                                                <p className="text-lg">Aucune permission trouvée</p>
+                                                <p className="text-lg">{t('administration.permissions.index.empty')}</p>
                                             </div>
                                         </TableCell>
                                     </TableRow>
@@ -256,19 +258,19 @@ export default function Index({ permissions, message, filters }: Readonly<IndexP
                                             <TableCell className="text-center">
                                                 <div className="flex gap-2 justify-center">
                                                     <IconButton
-                                                        label="Voir"
+                                                        label={t('administration.permissions.index.view')}
                                                         icon={<Eye className="w-4 h-4" />}
                                                         className="border-gray-300 text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-50 hover:text-gray-900"
                                                         onClick={() => router.visit(route('permissions.show', permission.id))}
                                                     />
                                                     <IconButton
-                                                        label="Modifier"
+                                                        label={t('administration.permissions.index.edit')}
                                                         icon={<Pencil className="w-4 h-4" />}
                                                         className="border-gray-300 text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-50 hover:text-gray-900"
                                                         onClick={() => router.get(route('permissions.edit', permission.id))}
                                                     />
                                                     <IconButton
-                                                        label="Supprimer"
+                                                        label={t('administration.permissions.index.delete')}
                                                         icon={<Trash2 className="w-4 h-4" />}
                                                         className="border-red-300 text-red-600 hover:bg-red-50 hover:text-red-700"
                                                         onClick={() => setDeleteConfirm(permission.id)}
@@ -288,7 +290,7 @@ export default function Index({ permissions, message, filters }: Readonly<IndexP
                     <div className="bg-white rounded-lg shadow-sm border border-gray-100 p-4">
                         <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
                             <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">
-                                Affichage <span className="font-semibold">{permissions.from}</span> à <span className="font-semibold">{permissions.to}</span> sur <span className="font-semibold">{permissions.total}</span> permissions
+                                {t('administration.permissions.index.range', { from: permissions.from, to: permissions.to, total: permissions.total })}
                             </p>
                             <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
                                 <Button
@@ -302,7 +304,7 @@ export default function Index({ permissions, message, filters }: Readonly<IndexP
                                     className="border-gray-300 text-gray-700 hover:bg-blue-50 hover:text-blue-700 hover:border-blue-300 disabled:opacity-50 disabled:cursor-not-allowed"
                                 >
                                     <ChevronLeft className="w-4 h-4 mr-1" />
-                                    Précédent
+                                    {t('administration.permissions.index.previous')}
                                 </Button>
                                 <div className="flex gap-1">
                                     {Array.from({ length: Math.min(5, permissions.last_page) }, (_, i) => {
@@ -340,12 +342,12 @@ export default function Index({ permissions, message, filters }: Readonly<IndexP
                                     }, { preserveScroll: true })}
                                     className="border-gray-300 text-gray-700 hover:bg-blue-50 hover:text-blue-700 hover:border-blue-300 disabled:opacity-50 disabled:cursor-not-allowed"
                                 >
-                                    Suivant
+                                    {t('administration.permissions.index.next')}
                                     <ChevronRight className="w-4 h-4 ml-1" />
                                 </Button>
                             </div>
                             <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">
-                                Page <span className="font-semibold">{permissions.current_page}</span> sur <span className="font-semibold">{permissions.last_page}</span>
+                                {t('administration.permissions.index.page_of', { current: permissions.current_page, last: permissions.last_page })}
                             </p>
                         </div>
                     </div>
@@ -356,19 +358,19 @@ export default function Index({ permissions, message, filters }: Readonly<IndexP
             <AlertDialog open={!!deleteConfirm} onOpenChange={() => setDeleteConfirm(null)}>
                 <AlertDialogContent>
                     <AlertDialogHeader>
-                        <AlertDialogTitle>Supprimer la permission</AlertDialogTitle>
+                        <AlertDialogTitle>{t('administration.permissions.index.delete_title')}</AlertDialogTitle>
                         <AlertDialogDescription>
-                            Êtes-vous sûr de vouloir supprimer cette permission ? Cette action est irréversible.
+                            {t('administration.permissions.index.delete_desc')}
                         </AlertDialogDescription>
                     </AlertDialogHeader>
                     <div className="flex gap-3 justify-end">
-                        <AlertDialogCancel>Annuler</AlertDialogCancel>
+                        <AlertDialogCancel>{t('administration.permissions.index.cancel')}</AlertDialogCancel>
                         <AlertDialogAction
                             onClick={() => deleteConfirm && handleDelete(deleteConfirm)}
                             disabled={isDeleting}
                             className="bg-red-600 hover:bg-red-700"
                         >
-                            {isDeleting ? 'Suppression...' : 'Supprimer'}
+                            {isDeleting ? t('administration.permissions.index.deleting') : t('administration.permissions.index.delete')}
                         </AlertDialogAction>
                     </div>
                 </AlertDialogContent>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Administration/Permissions/Show.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Administration/Permissions/Show.tsx
index 5fc9f87e..4d222bc7 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Administration/Permissions/Show.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Administration/Permissions/Show.tsx
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { Head, Link } from '@inertiajs/react';
 import { ArrowLeft, Pencil } from 'lucide-react';
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Role {
@@ -24,8 +25,10 @@ interface ShowProps {
 }
 
 export default function Show({ permission }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
+    const { t, locale } = useTranslation();
+    const dateLocale = locale === 'en' ? 'en-GB' : 'fr-FR';
     const formatDate = (date: string) => {
-        return new Intl.DateTimeFormat('fr-FR', {
+        return new Intl.DateTimeFormat(dateLocale, {
             year: 'numeric',
             month: 'long',
             day: 'numeric',
@@ -58,7 +61,7 @@ export default function Show({ permission }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                     <Link href={route('permissions.edit', permission.id)}>
                         <Button className="gap-2 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700">
                             <Pencil className="w-4 h-4" />
-                            Éditer
+                            {t('administration.permissions.show.edit')}
                         </Button>
                     </Link>
                 </div>
@@ -67,23 +70,23 @@ export default function Show({ permission }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                     {/* Info Générale */}
                     <div className="bg-white rounded-lg border p-6">
                         <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-4">
-                            Informations
+                            {t('administration.permissions.show.info')}
                         </h2>
                         <div className="space-y-4">
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Nom</p>
+                                <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('administration.permissions.show.name')}</p>
                                 <p className="text-lg font-medium text-gray-900">
                                     {permission.name}
                                 </p>
                             </div>
                             {permission.description && (
                                 <div>
-                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Description</p>
+                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('administration.permissions.show.description')}</p>
                                     <p className="text-gray-700">{permission.description}</p>
                                 </div>
                             )}
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Rôles attribués</p>
+                                <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('administration.permissions.show.assigned_roles')}</p>
                                 <p className="text-lg font-medium text-gray-900">
                                     {permission.roles.length}
                                 </p>
@@ -94,15 +97,15 @@ export default function Show({ permission }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                     {/* Timeline */}
                     <div className="bg-white rounded-lg border p-6">
                         <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-4">
-                            Événements
+                            {t('administration.permissions.show.events')}
                         </h2>
                         <div className="space-y-4">
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Créée le</p>
+                                <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('administration.permissions.show.created_on')}</p>
                                 <p className="text-gray-700">{formatDate(permission.created_at)}</p>
                             </div>
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Modifiée le</p>
+                                <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('administration.permissions.show.updated_on')}</p>
                                 <p className="text-gray-700">{formatDate(permission.updated_at)}</p>
                             </div>
                         </div>
@@ -111,13 +114,13 @@ export default function Show({ permission }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                     {/* Stats */}
                     <div className="bg-blue-50 rounded-lg border border-blue-200 p-6">
                         <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-blue-900 mb-4">
-                            Statistiques
+                            {t('administration.permissions.show.stats')}
                         </h2>
                         <div className="text-center">
                             <p className="text-5xl font-bold text-blue-600">
                                 {permission.roles.length}
                             </p>
-                            <p className="text-blue-700 mt-2">Rôles attribués</p>
+                            <p className="text-blue-700 mt-2">{t('administration.permissions.show.assigned_roles')}</p>
                         </div>
                     </div>
                 </div>
@@ -125,7 +128,7 @@ export default function Show({ permission }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                 {/* Rôles */}
                 <div className="bg-white rounded-lg border p-6">
                     <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-4">
-                        Rôles associés
+                        {t('administration.permissions.show.associated_roles')}
                     </h2>
                     {permission.roles.length > 0 ? (
                         <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 lg:grid-cols-3 gap-4">
@@ -139,7 +142,7 @@ export default function Show({ permission }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                             ))}
                         </div>
                     ) : (
-                        <p className="text-gray-600">Aucun rôle n'utilise cette permission.</p>
+                        <p className="text-gray-600">{t('administration.permissions.show.no_role')}</p>
                     )}
                 </div>
             </div>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Administration/Roles/Create.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Administration/Roles/Create.tsx
index 9043f26f..ec6d89b6 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Administration/Roles/Create.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Administration/Roles/Create.tsx
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import { useState } from 'react';
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Permission {
@@ -17,6 +18,7 @@ interface CreateProps {
 }
 
 export default function Create({ permissions }: Readonly<CreateProps>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const [formData, setFormData] = useState({
         name: '',
         description: '',
@@ -52,7 +54,7 @@ export default function Create({ permissions }: Readonly<CreateProps>) {
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Créer un rôle" />
+            <Head title={t('administration.roles.create.head')} />
 
             <div className="space-y-6">
                 {/* Header */}
@@ -65,7 +67,7 @@ export default function Create({ permissions }: Readonly<CreateProps>) {
                     </button>
                     <div>
                         <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900">
-                            Créer un nouveau rôle
+                            {t('administration.roles.create.title')}
                         </h1>
                     </div>
                 </div>
@@ -77,14 +79,14 @@ export default function Create({ permissions }: Readonly<CreateProps>) {
                             {/* Nom du rôle */}
                             <div className="bg-white rounded-lg border p-6">
                                 <label htmlFor="name" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
-                                    Nom du rôle *
+                                    {t('administration.roles.create.name')}
                                 </label>
                                 <Input
                                     id="name"
                                     type="text"
                                     value={formData.name}
                                     onChange={(e) => setFormData(prev => ({ ...prev, name: e.target.value }))}
-                                    placeholder="Ex: Administrateur"
+                                    placeholder={t('administration.roles.create.name_ph')}
                                     className={errors.name ? 'border-red-500' : ''}
                                 />
                                 {errors.name && (
@@ -95,13 +97,13 @@ export default function Create({ permissions }: Readonly<CreateProps>) {
                             {/* Description */}
                             <div className="bg-white rounded-lg border p-6">
                                 <label htmlFor="description" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
-                                    Description
+                                    {t('administration.roles.create.description')}
                                 </label>
                                 <textarea
                                     id="description"
                                     value={formData.description}
                                     onChange={(e) => setFormData(prev => ({ ...prev, description: e.target.value }))}
-                                    placeholder="Décrivez le rôle..."
+                                    placeholder={t('administration.roles.create.description_ph')}
                                     rows={4}
                                     className="w-full px-3 py-2 border border-gray-300 rounded-lg focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-blue-500"
                                 />
@@ -114,14 +116,14 @@ export default function Create({ permissions }: Readonly<CreateProps>) {
                                     disabled={isSubmitting}
                                     className="flex-1 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700"
                                 >
-                                    {isSubmitting ? 'Création...' : 'Créer'}
+                                    {isSubmitting ? t('administration.roles.create.creating') : t('administration.roles.create.create')}
                                 </Button>
                                 <Button
                                     type="button"
                                     variant="outline"
                                     onClick={() => router.get(route('roles.index'))}
                                 >
-                                    Annuler
+                                    {t('administration.roles.create.cancel')}
                                 </Button>
                             </div>
                         </div>
@@ -130,7 +132,7 @@ export default function Create({ permissions }: Readonly<CreateProps>) {
                         <div className="lg:col-span-2">
                             <div className="bg-white rounded-lg border p-6">
                                 <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-4">
-                                    Permissions ({formData.permissions.length})
+                                    {t('administration.roles.create.permissions', { count: formData.permissions.length })}
                                 </h2>
                                 {errors.permissions && (
                                     <p className="text-red-600 text-sm mb-4">{errors.permissions}</p>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Administration/Roles/Edit.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Administration/Roles/Edit.tsx
index aa2f5617..a1f49942 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Administration/Roles/Edit.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Administration/Roles/Edit.tsx
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import { useState } from 'react';
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Permission {
@@ -27,6 +28,7 @@ interface EditProps {
 }
 
 export default function Edit({ role, permissions }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const [formData, setFormData] = useState({
         name: role.name,
         description: role.description || '',
@@ -62,7 +64,7 @@ export default function Edit({ role, permissions }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title={`Éditer ${role.name}`} />
+            <Head title={t('administration.roles.edit.head', { name: role.name })} />
 
             <div className="space-y-6">
                 {/* Header */}
@@ -76,7 +78,7 @@ export default function Edit({ role, permissions }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
                         </button>
                         <div>
                             <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900">
-                                Éditer le rôle
+                                {t('administration.roles.edit.title')}
                             </h1>
                             <p className="text-gray-600 mt-1">{role.name}</p>
                         </div>
@@ -90,14 +92,14 @@ export default function Edit({ role, permissions }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
                             {/* Nom du rôle */}
                             <div className="bg-white rounded-lg border p-6">
                                 <label htmlFor="role-name" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
-                                    Nom du rôle *
+                                    {t('administration.roles.edit.name')}
                                 </label>
                                 <Input
                                     id="role-name"
                                     type="text"
                                     value={formData.name}
                                     onChange={(e) => setFormData(prev => ({ ...prev, name: e.target.value }))}
-                                    placeholder="Ex: Administrateur"
+                                    placeholder={t('administration.roles.edit.name_ph')}
                                     className={errors.name ? 'border-red-500' : ''}
                                 />
                                 {errors.name && (
@@ -108,13 +110,13 @@ export default function Edit({ role, permissions }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
                             {/* Description */}
                             <div className="bg-white rounded-lg border p-6">
                                 <label htmlFor="role-description" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
-                                    Description
+                                    {t('administration.roles.edit.description')}
                                 </label>
                                 <textarea
                                     id="role-description"
                                     value={formData.description}
                                     onChange={(e) => setFormData(prev => ({ ...prev, description: e.target.value }))}
-                                    placeholder="Décrivez le rôle..."
+                                    placeholder={t('administration.roles.edit.description_ph')}
                                     rows={4}
                                     className="w-full px-3 py-2 border border-gray-300 rounded-lg focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-blue-500"
                                 />
@@ -127,14 +129,14 @@ export default function Edit({ role, permissions }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
                                     disabled={isSubmitting}
                                     className="flex-1 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700"
                                 >
-                                    {isSubmitting ? 'Mise à jour...' : 'Mettre à jour'}
+                                    {isSubmitting ? t('administration.roles.edit.updating') : t('administration.roles.edit.update')}
                                 </Button>
                                 <Button
                                     type="button"
                                     variant="outline"
                                     onClick={() => router.get(route('roles.index'))}
                                 >
-                                    Annuler
+                                    {t('administration.roles.edit.cancel')}
                                 </Button>
                             </div>
                         </div>
@@ -143,7 +145,7 @@ export default function Edit({ role, permissions }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
                         <div className="lg:col-span-2">
                             <div className="bg-white rounded-lg border p-6">
                                 <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-4">
-                                    Permissions ({formData.permissions.length})
+                                    {t('administration.roles.edit.permissions', { count: formData.permissions.length })}
                                 </h2>
                                 {errors.permissions && (
                                     <p className="text-red-600 text-sm mb-4">{errors.permissions}</p>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Administration/Roles/Index.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Administration/Roles/Index.tsx
index d3c56192..2d37b665 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Administration/Roles/Index.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Administration/Roles/Index.tsx
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ import {
     TableRow,
 } from '@/components/ui/table';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Role {
@@ -51,6 +52,7 @@ interface IndexProps {
 }
 
 export default function Index({ roles, message, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const [deleteConfirm, setDeleteConfirm] = useState<string | null>(null);
     const [isDeleting, setIsDeleting] = useState(false);
     const [searchQuery, setSearchQuery] = useState(filters.search || '');
@@ -86,7 +88,7 @@ export default function Index({ roles, message, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>)
     // Stat Cards
     const statsCards = [
         {
-            title: 'Rôles totaux',
+            title: t('administration.roles.index.stat_total'),
             value: roles.total,
             icon: Shield,
             bgColor: 'bg-blue-50',
@@ -94,8 +96,8 @@ export default function Index({ roles, message, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>)
             borderColor: 'border-blue-200',
         },
         {
-            title: 'Moyenne de permissions',
-            value: roles.total > 0 
+            title: t('administration.roles.index.stat_avg_permissions'),
+            value: roles.total > 0
                 ? (roles.data.reduce((sum, role) => sum + role.permissions_count, 0) / roles.data.length).toFixed(0)
                 : 0,
             icon: CheckCircle2,
@@ -104,7 +106,7 @@ export default function Index({ roles, message, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>)
             borderColor: 'border-green-200',
         },
         {
-            title: 'Page',
+            title: t('administration.roles.index.stat_page'),
             value: `${roles.current_page}/${roles.last_page}`,
             icon: Users,
             bgColor: 'bg-purple-50',
@@ -115,25 +117,25 @@ export default function Index({ roles, message, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>)
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Rôles" />
+            <Head title={t('administration.roles.index.head')} />
 
             <div className="space-y-6">
                 {/* Header avec titre et bouton */}
                 <div className="flex items-start justify-between">
                     <div>
                         <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3"><Shield className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />
-                            Rôles et Permissions
+                            {t('administration.roles.index.title')}
                         </h1>
                         <p className="mt-2 text-lg text-gray-600">
-                            Gérez les rôles et leurs permissions
+                            {t('administration.roles.index.subtitle')}
                         </p>
                     </div>
-                    <Button 
+                    <Button
                         onClick={() => router.get(route('roles.create'))}
                         className="gap-2 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700"
                     >
                         <Plus className="w-5 h-5" />
-                        Nouveau rôle
+                        {t('administration.roles.index.new')}
                     </Button>
                 </div>
 
@@ -178,7 +180,7 @@ export default function Index({ roles, message, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>)
                                 <Search className="absolute left-3 top-1/2 -translate-y-1/2 w-5 h-5 text-blue-400 group-focus-within:text-blue-600 transition" />
                                 <Input
                                     type="text"
-                                    placeholder="Rechercher un rôle par nom ou description..."
+                                    placeholder={t('administration.roles.index.search_ph')}
                                     value={searchQuery}
                                     onChange={(e) => setSearchQuery(e.target.value)}
                                     onKeyDown={(e) => e.key === 'Enter' && handleSearch()}
@@ -198,12 +200,12 @@ export default function Index({ roles, message, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>)
                                 className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700 text-white gap-2 shrink-0 transition"
                             >
                                 <Search className="w-4 h-4" />
-                                Rechercher
+                                {t('administration.roles.index.search')}
                             </Button>
                         </div>
                         {searchQuery && (
                             <p className="text-sm text-gray-500 mt-3">
-                                Résultats pour : <span className="font-semibold text-gray-700">« {searchQuery} »</span>
+                                {t('administration.roles.index.results_for')} <span className="font-semibold text-gray-700">« {searchQuery} »</span>
                             </p>
                         )}
                     </div>
@@ -215,10 +217,10 @@ export default function Index({ roles, message, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>)
                         <Table>
                             <TableHeader className="bg-gray-50">
                                 <TableRow className="border-b border-gray-200">
-                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Nom</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Description</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Permissions</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead className="text-center font-semibold text-gray-900 w-24">Actions</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('administration.roles.index.col_name')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('administration.roles.index.col_description')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('administration.roles.index.col_permissions')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="text-center font-semibold text-gray-900 w-24">{t('administration.roles.index.col_actions')}</TableHead>
                                 </TableRow>
                             </TableHeader>
                             <TableBody>
@@ -230,7 +232,7 @@ export default function Index({ roles, message, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>)
                                         >
                                             <div className="flex flex-col items-center gap-2">
                                                 <Shield className="w-12 h-12 text-gray-300" />
-                                                <p className="text-lg">Aucun rôle trouvé</p>
+                                                <p className="text-lg">{t('administration.roles.index.empty')}</p>
                                             </div>
                                         </TableCell>
                                     </TableRow>
@@ -256,19 +258,19 @@ export default function Index({ roles, message, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>)
                                             <TableCell className="text-center">
                                                 <div className="flex gap-2 justify-center">
                                                     <IconButton
-                                                        label="Voir"
+                                                        label={t('administration.roles.index.view')}
                                                         icon={<Eye className="w-4 h-4" />}
                                                         className="border-gray-300 text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-50 hover:text-gray-900"
                                                         onClick={() => router.visit(route('roles.show', role.id))}
                                                     />
                                                     <IconButton
-                                                        label="Modifier"
+                                                        label={t('administration.roles.index.edit')}
                                                         icon={<Pencil className="w-4 h-4" />}
                                                         className="border-gray-300 text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-50 hover:text-gray-900"
                                                         onClick={() => router.get(route('roles.edit', role.id))}
                                                     />
                                                     <IconButton
-                                                        label="Supprimer"
+                                                        label={t('administration.roles.index.delete')}
                                                         icon={<Trash2 className="w-4 h-4" />}
                                                         className="border-red-300 text-red-600 hover:bg-red-50 hover:text-red-700"
                                                         onClick={() => setDeleteConfirm(role.id)}
@@ -288,7 +290,7 @@ export default function Index({ roles, message, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>)
                     <div className="bg-white rounded-lg shadow-sm border border-gray-100 p-4">
                         <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
                             <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">
-                                Affichage <span className="font-semibold">{roles.from}</span> à <span className="font-semibold">{roles.to}</span> sur <span className="font-semibold">{roles.total}</span> rôles
+                                {t('administration.roles.index.range', { from: roles.from, to: roles.to, total: roles.total })}
                             </p>
                             <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
                                 <Button
@@ -302,7 +304,7 @@ export default function Index({ roles, message, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>)
                                     className="border-gray-300 text-gray-700 hover:bg-blue-50 hover:text-blue-700 hover:border-blue-300 disabled:opacity-50 disabled:cursor-not-allowed"
                                 >
                                     <ChevronLeft className="w-4 h-4 mr-1" />
-                                    Précédent
+                                    {t('administration.roles.index.previous')}
                                 </Button>
                                 <div className="flex gap-1">
                                     {Array.from({ length: Math.min(5, roles.last_page) }, (_, i) => {
@@ -340,12 +342,12 @@ export default function Index({ roles, message, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>)
                                     }, { preserveScroll: true })}
                                     className="border-gray-300 text-gray-700 hover:bg-blue-50 hover:text-blue-700 hover:border-blue-300 disabled:opacity-50 disabled:cursor-not-allowed"
                                 >
-                                    Suivant
+                                    {t('administration.roles.index.next')}
                                     <ChevronRight className="w-4 h-4 ml-1" />
                                 </Button>
                             </div>
                             <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">
-                                Page <span className="font-semibold">{roles.current_page}</span> sur <span className="font-semibold">{roles.last_page}</span>
+                                {t('administration.roles.index.page_of', { current: roles.current_page, last: roles.last_page })}
                             </p>
                         </div>
                     </div>
@@ -356,19 +358,19 @@ export default function Index({ roles, message, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>)
             <AlertDialog open={!!deleteConfirm} onOpenChange={() => setDeleteConfirm(null)}>
                 <AlertDialogContent>
                     <AlertDialogHeader>
-                        <AlertDialogTitle>Supprimer le rôle</AlertDialogTitle>
+                        <AlertDialogTitle>{t('administration.roles.index.delete_title')}</AlertDialogTitle>
                         <AlertDialogDescription>
-                            Êtes-vous sûr de vouloir supprimer ce rôle ? Cette action est irréversible.
+                            {t('administration.roles.index.delete_desc')}
                         </AlertDialogDescription>
                     </AlertDialogHeader>
                     <div className="flex gap-3 justify-end">
-                        <AlertDialogCancel>Annuler</AlertDialogCancel>
+                        <AlertDialogCancel>{t('administration.roles.index.cancel')}</AlertDialogCancel>
                         <AlertDialogAction
                             onClick={() => deleteConfirm && handleDelete(deleteConfirm)}
                             disabled={isDeleting}
                             className="bg-red-600 hover:bg-red-700"
                         >
-                            {isDeleting ? 'Suppression...' : 'Supprimer'}
+                            {isDeleting ? t('administration.roles.index.deleting') : t('administration.roles.index.delete')}
                         </AlertDialogAction>
                     </div>
                 </AlertDialogContent>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Administration/Roles/Show.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Administration/Roles/Show.tsx
index 00634b57..a812e9a2 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Administration/Roles/Show.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Administration/Roles/Show.tsx
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { Head, Link } from '@inertiajs/react';
 import { ArrowLeft, Pencil } from 'lucide-react';
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Permission {
@@ -24,8 +25,10 @@ interface ShowProps {
 }
 
 export default function Show({ role }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
+    const { t, locale } = useTranslation();
+    const dateLocale = locale === 'en' ? 'en-GB' : 'fr-FR';
     const formatDate = (date: string) => {
-        return new Intl.DateTimeFormat('fr-FR', {
+        return new Intl.DateTimeFormat(dateLocale, {
             year: 'numeric',
             month: 'long',
             day: 'numeric',
@@ -58,7 +61,7 @@ export default function Show({ role }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                     <Link href={route('roles.edit', role.id)}>
                         <Button className="gap-2 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700">
                             <Pencil className="w-4 h-4" />
-                            Éditer
+                            {t('administration.roles.show.edit')}
                         </Button>
                     </Link>
                 </div>
@@ -67,23 +70,23 @@ export default function Show({ role }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                     {/* Info Générale */}
                     <div className="bg-white rounded-lg border p-6">
                         <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-4">
-                            Informations
+                            {t('administration.roles.show.info')}
                         </h2>
                         <div className="space-y-4">
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Nom</p>
+                                <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('administration.roles.show.name')}</p>
                                 <p className="text-lg font-medium text-gray-900">
                                     {role.name}
                                 </p>
                             </div>
                             {role.description && (
                                 <div>
-                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Description</p>
+                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('administration.roles.show.description')}</p>
                                     <p className="text-gray-700">{role.description}</p>
                                 </div>
                             )}
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Permissions attribuées</p>
+                                <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('administration.roles.show.assigned_permissions')}</p>
                                 <p className="text-lg font-medium text-gray-900">
                                     {role.permissions.length}
                                 </p>
@@ -94,15 +97,15 @@ export default function Show({ role }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                     {/* Timeline */}
                     <div className="bg-white rounded-lg border p-6">
                         <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-4">
-                            Événements
+                            {t('administration.roles.show.events')}
                         </h2>
                         <div className="space-y-4">
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Créé le</p>
+                                <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('administration.roles.show.created_on')}</p>
                                 <p className="text-gray-700">{formatDate(role.created_at)}</p>
                             </div>
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Modifié le</p>
+                                <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('administration.roles.show.updated_on')}</p>
                                 <p className="text-gray-700">{formatDate(role.updated_at)}</p>
                             </div>
                         </div>
@@ -111,13 +114,13 @@ export default function Show({ role }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                     {/* Stats */}
                     <div className="bg-blue-50 rounded-lg border border-blue-200 p-6">
                         <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-blue-900 mb-4">
-                            Statistiques
+                            {t('administration.roles.show.stats')}
                         </h2>
                         <div className="text-center">
                             <p className="text-5xl font-bold text-blue-600">
                                 {role.permissions.length}
                             </p>
-                            <p className="text-blue-700 mt-2">Permissions attribuées</p>
+                            <p className="text-blue-700 mt-2">{t('administration.roles.show.assigned_permissions')}</p>
                         </div>
                     </div>
                 </div>
@@ -125,7 +128,7 @@ export default function Show({ role }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                 {/* Permissions */}
                 <div className="bg-white rounded-lg border p-6">
                     <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-4">
-                        Permissions du rôle
+                        {t('administration.roles.show.role_permissions')}
                     </h2>
                     {role.permissions.length > 0 ? (
                         <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 lg:grid-cols-3 gap-4">
@@ -139,7 +142,7 @@ export default function Show({ role }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                             ))}
                         </div>
                     ) : (
-                        <p className="text-gray-600">Aucune permission attribuée à ce rôle.</p>
+                        <p className="text-gray-600">{t('administration.roles.show.no_permission')}</p>
                     )}
                 </div>
             </div>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Administration/SubjectAssignments/Create.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Administration/SubjectAssignments/Create.tsx
index 6dfaffed..abb2314a 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Administration/SubjectAssignments/Create.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Administration/SubjectAssignments/Create.tsx
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import { useState } from 'react';
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { Checkbox } from '@/components/ui/checkbox';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Subject {
@@ -45,6 +46,7 @@ interface CreateProps {
 }
 
 export default function Create({ subjects, teachers, academicYears, classrooms }: Readonly<CreateProps>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const [formData, setFormData] = useState({
         subject_id: '',
         teacher_id: '',
@@ -93,7 +95,7 @@ export default function Create({ subjects, teachers, academicYears, classrooms }
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Créer une affectation" />
+            <Head title={t('administration.subject_assignments.create.head')} />
 
             <div className="space-y-6">
                 {/* En-tête */}
@@ -106,8 +108,8 @@ export default function Create({ subjects, teachers, academicYears, classrooms }
                         <ArrowLeft className="w-5 h-5 text-gray-600" />
                     </button>
                     <div>
-                        <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900">Créer une nouvelle affectation</h1>
-                        <p className="mt-1 text-gray-500 text-sm">Associez une matière, un enseignant, une classe et une année académique.</p>
+                        <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900">{t('administration.subject_assignments.create.title')}</h1>
+                        <p className="mt-1 text-gray-500 text-sm">{t('administration.subject_assignments.create.subtitle')}</p>
                     </div>
                 </div>
 
@@ -119,11 +121,11 @@ export default function Create({ subjects, teachers, academicYears, classrooms }
                     <div className="rounded-xl bg-blue-50 border border-blue-100 shadow-sm overflow-hidden">
                         <div className="flex items-center gap-2 px-5 py-3 bg-blue-100 text-blue-800 rounded-t-xl">
                             <BookOpen className="w-4 h-4" />
-                            <span className="font-semibold text-sm">Matière</span>
+                            <span className="font-semibold text-sm">{t('administration.subject_assignments.form.subject')}</span>
                         </div>
                         <div className="p-5">
                             <label htmlFor="subject_id" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-700 mb-2">
-                                Matière <span className="text-blue-500">*</span>
+                                {t('administration.subject_assignments.form.subject_required')} <span className="text-blue-500">*</span>
                             </label>
                             <select
                                 id="subject_id"
@@ -131,7 +133,7 @@ export default function Create({ subjects, teachers, academicYears, classrooms }
                                 onChange={(e) => setFormData((prev) => ({ ...prev, subject_id: e.target.value }))}
                                 className={errors.subject_id ? fieldError : fieldNormal}
                             >
-                                <option value="">Sélectionner une matière</option>
+                                <option value="">{t('administration.subject_assignments.form.select_subject')}</option>
                                 {subjects.map((subject) => (
                                     <option key={subject.id} value={subject.id}>{subject.name}</option>
                                 ))}
@@ -144,11 +146,11 @@ export default function Create({ subjects, teachers, academicYears, classrooms }
                     <div className="rounded-xl bg-violet-50 border border-violet-100 shadow-sm">
                         <div className="flex items-center gap-2 px-5 py-3 bg-violet-100 text-violet-800 rounded-t-xl">
                             <UserCheck className="w-4 h-4" />
-                            <span className="font-semibold text-sm">Enseignant</span>
+                            <span className="font-semibold text-sm">{t('administration.subject_assignments.form.teacher')}</span>
                         </div>
                         <div className="p-5">
                             <label htmlFor="teacher_search" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-700 mb-2">
-                                Enseignant <span className="text-violet-500">*</span>
+                                {t('administration.subject_assignments.form.teacher')} <span className="text-violet-500">*</span>
                             </label>
                             <div className="relative">
                                 <input
@@ -165,7 +167,7 @@ export default function Create({ subjects, teachers, academicYears, classrooms }
                                     }}
                                     onFocus={() => setShowTeacherDropdown(true)}
                                     onBlur={() => setTimeout(() => setShowTeacherDropdown(false), 250)}
-                                    placeholder="Rechercher un enseignant..."
+                                    placeholder={t('administration.subject_assignments.form.search_teacher_ph')}
                                     className={errors.teacher_id ? fieldError : fieldNormal}
                                 />
                                 {showTeacherDropdown && filteredTeachers.length > 0 && (
@@ -191,7 +193,7 @@ export default function Create({ subjects, teachers, academicYears, classrooms }
                                 )}
                                 {showTeacherDropdown && filteredTeachers.length === 0 && teacherSearch.trim() && (
                                     <div className="absolute z-20 mt-1 w-full bg-white rounded-lg shadow-lg px-3 py-2 text-sm text-gray-500 ring-1 ring-gray-100">
-                                        Aucun utilisateur trouvé.
+                                        {t('administration.subject_assignments.form.no_user')}
                                     </div>
                                 )}
                             </div>
@@ -212,11 +214,11 @@ export default function Create({ subjects, teachers, academicYears, classrooms }
                         <div className="rounded-xl bg-emerald-50 border border-emerald-100 shadow-sm overflow-hidden">
                             <div className="flex items-center gap-2 px-5 py-3 bg-emerald-100 text-emerald-800">
                                 <School className="w-4 h-4" />
-                                <span className="font-semibold text-sm">Classe</span>
+                                <span className="font-semibold text-sm">{t('administration.subject_assignments.form.class')}</span>
                             </div>
                             <div className="p-5">
                                 <label htmlFor="class_id" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-700 mb-2">
-                                    Classe <span className="text-emerald-500">*</span>
+                                    {t('administration.subject_assignments.form.class')} <span className="text-emerald-500">*</span>
                                 </label>
                                 <select
                                     id="class_id"
@@ -224,7 +226,7 @@ export default function Create({ subjects, teachers, academicYears, classrooms }
                                     onChange={(e) => setFormData((prev) => ({ ...prev, class_id: e.target.value }))}
                                     className={errors.class_id ? fieldError : fieldNormal}
                                 >
-                                    <option value="">Sélectionner une classe</option>
+                                    <option value="">{t('administration.subject_assignments.form.select_class')}</option>
                                     {classrooms.map((classroom) => (
                                         <option key={classroom.id} value={classroom.id}>{classroom.name}</option>
                                     ))}
@@ -236,11 +238,11 @@ export default function Create({ subjects, teachers, academicYears, classrooms }
                         <div className="rounded-xl bg-amber-50 border border-amber-100 shadow-sm overflow-hidden">
                             <div className="flex items-center gap-2 px-5 py-3 bg-amber-100 text-amber-800">
                                 <CalendarDays className="w-4 h-4" />
-                                <span className="font-semibold text-sm">Année académique</span>
+                                <span className="font-semibold text-sm">{t('administration.subject_assignments.form.year')}</span>
                             </div>
                             <div className="p-5">
                                 <label htmlFor="academic_year_id" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-700 mb-2">
-                                    Année académique <span className="text-amber-500">*</span>
+                                    {t('administration.subject_assignments.form.year')} <span className="text-amber-500">*</span>
                                 </label>
                                 <select
                                     id="academic_year_id"
@@ -248,7 +250,7 @@ export default function Create({ subjects, teachers, academicYears, classrooms }
                                     onChange={(e) => setFormData((prev) => ({ ...prev, academic_year_id: e.target.value }))}
                                     className={errors.academic_year_id ? fieldError : fieldNormal}
                                 >
-                                    <option value="">Sélectionner une année</option>
+                                    <option value="">{t('administration.subject_assignments.form.select_year')}</option>
                                     {academicYears.map((year) => (
                                         <option key={year.id} value={year.id}>{year.year}</option>
                                     ))}
@@ -262,18 +264,18 @@ export default function Create({ subjects, teachers, academicYears, classrooms }
                     <div className="rounded-xl bg-slate-50 border border-slate-100 shadow-sm overflow-hidden">
                         <div className="flex items-center gap-2 px-5 py-3 bg-slate-100 text-slate-700">
                             <FileText className="w-4 h-4" />
-                            <span className="font-semibold text-sm">Informations complémentaires</span>
+                            <span className="font-semibold text-sm">{t('administration.subject_assignments.form.extra_info')}</span>
                         </div>
                         <div className="p-5 space-y-4">
                             <div>
                                 <label htmlFor="notes" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-700 mb-2">
-                                    Notes / commentaires
+                                    {t('administration.subject_assignments.form.notes')}
                                 </label>
                                 <textarea
                                     id="notes"
                                     value={formData.notes}
                                     onChange={(e) => setFormData((prev) => ({ ...prev, notes: e.target.value }))}
-                                    placeholder="Notes ou commentaires..."
+                                    placeholder={t('administration.subject_assignments.form.notes_ph')}
                                     rows={3}
                                     className={errors.notes ? fieldError : fieldNormal}
                                 />
@@ -289,7 +291,7 @@ export default function Create({ subjects, teachers, academicYears, classrooms }
                                 />
                                 <label htmlFor="active" className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700 cursor-pointer inline-flex items-center gap-1.5">
                                     <BadgeCheck className="w-4 h-4 text-emerald-600" />
-                                    Affectation active
+                                    {t('administration.subject_assignments.form.active')}
                                 </label>
                             </div>
                         </div>
@@ -303,7 +305,7 @@ export default function Create({ subjects, teachers, academicYears, classrooms }
                             className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700 gap-2"
                         >
                             <Save className="w-4 h-4" />
-                            {isSubmitting ? 'Création...' : "Créer l'affectation"}
+                            {isSubmitting ? t('administration.subject_assignments.create.creating') : t('administration.subject_assignments.create.submit')}
                         </Button>
                         <Button
                             type="button"
@@ -311,7 +313,7 @@ export default function Create({ subjects, teachers, academicYears, classrooms }
                             onClick={() => router.get(route('subject-assignments.index'))}
                             className="border-gray-200 text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-50"
                         >
-                            Annuler
+                            {t('administration.subject_assignments.form.cancel')}
                         </Button>
                     </div>
                 </form>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Administration/SubjectAssignments/Edit.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Administration/SubjectAssignments/Edit.tsx
index b5cc9a5a..82be6296 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Administration/SubjectAssignments/Edit.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Administration/SubjectAssignments/Edit.tsx
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import type { SyntheticEvent } from 'react';
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { Checkbox } from '@/components/ui/checkbox';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Subject {
@@ -61,6 +62,7 @@ interface EditProps {
 }
 
 export default function Edit({ assignment, subjects, teachers, academicYears, classrooms }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const getTeacherLabel = (teacher: Teacher) =>
         teacher.name ?? `${teacher.firstname ?? ''} ${teacher.lastname ?? ''}`.trim();
 
@@ -111,7 +113,7 @@ export default function Edit({ assignment, subjects, teachers, academicYears, cl
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title={`Modifier affectation - ${assignment.subject.name}`} />
+            <Head title={t('administration.subject_assignments.edit.head', { subject: assignment.subject.name })} />
 
             <div className="space-y-6">
                 {/* En-tête */}
@@ -124,7 +126,7 @@ export default function Edit({ assignment, subjects, teachers, academicYears, cl
                         <ArrowLeft className="w-5 h-5" />
                     </button>
                     <div>
-                        <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900">Modifier l'affectation</h1>
+                        <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900">{t('administration.subject_assignments.edit.title')}</h1>
                         <p className="mt-1 text-gray-500 text-sm">
                             {assignment.subject.name} &mdash; {assignment.teacher.name ?? `${assignment.teacher.firstname ?? ''} ${assignment.teacher.lastname ?? ''}`.trim()}
                         </p>
@@ -139,11 +141,11 @@ export default function Edit({ assignment, subjects, teachers, academicYears, cl
                     <div className="rounded-xl bg-blue-50 border border-blue-100 shadow-sm overflow-hidden">
                         <div className="flex items-center gap-2 px-5 py-3 bg-blue-100 text-blue-800 rounded-t-xl">
                             <BookOpen className="w-4 h-4" />
-                            <span className="font-semibold text-sm">Matière</span>
+                            <span className="font-semibold text-sm">{t('administration.subject_assignments.form.subject')}</span>
                         </div>
                         <div className="p-5">
                             <label htmlFor="subject_id" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-700 mb-2">
-                                Matière <span className="text-blue-500">*</span>
+                                {t('administration.subject_assignments.form.subject_required')} <span className="text-blue-500">*</span>
                             </label>
                             <select
                                 id="subject_id"
@@ -151,7 +153,7 @@ export default function Edit({ assignment, subjects, teachers, academicYears, cl
                                 onChange={(e) => setFormData((prev) => ({ ...prev, subject_id: e.target.value }))}
                                 className={errors.subject_id ? fieldError : fieldNormal}
                             >
-                                <option value="">Sélectionner une matière</option>
+                                <option value="">{t('administration.subject_assignments.form.select_subject')}</option>
                                 {subjects.map((subject) => (
                                     <option key={subject.id} value={subject.id}>{subject.name}</option>
                                 ))}
@@ -164,11 +166,11 @@ export default function Edit({ assignment, subjects, teachers, academicYears, cl
                     <div className="rounded-xl bg-violet-50 border border-violet-100 shadow-sm">
                         <div className="flex items-center gap-2 px-5 py-3 bg-violet-100 text-violet-800 rounded-t-xl">
                             <UserCheck className="w-4 h-4" />
-                            <span className="font-semibold text-sm">Enseignant</span>
+                            <span className="font-semibold text-sm">{t('administration.subject_assignments.form.teacher')}</span>
                         </div>
                         <div className="p-5">
                             <label htmlFor="teacher_search" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-700 mb-2">
-                                Enseignant <span className="text-violet-500">*</span>
+                                {t('administration.subject_assignments.form.teacher')} <span className="text-violet-500">*</span>
                             </label>
                             <div className="relative">
                                 <input
@@ -185,7 +187,7 @@ export default function Edit({ assignment, subjects, teachers, academicYears, cl
                                     }}
                                     onFocus={() => setShowTeacherDropdown(true)}
                                     onBlur={() => setTimeout(() => setShowTeacherDropdown(false), 250)}
-                                    placeholder="Rechercher un enseignant..."
+                                    placeholder={t('administration.subject_assignments.form.search_teacher_ph')}
                                     className={errors.teacher_id ? fieldError : fieldNormal}
                                 />
                                 {showTeacherDropdown && filteredTeachers.length > 0 && (
@@ -211,7 +213,7 @@ export default function Edit({ assignment, subjects, teachers, academicYears, cl
                                 )}
                                 {showTeacherDropdown && filteredTeachers.length === 0 && teacherSearch.trim() && (
                                     <div className="absolute z-20 mt-1 w-full bg-white rounded-lg shadow-lg px-3 py-2 text-sm text-gray-500 ring-1 ring-gray-100">
-                                        Aucun utilisateur trouvé.
+                                        {t('administration.subject_assignments.form.no_user')}
                                     </div>
                                 )}
                             </div>
@@ -232,11 +234,11 @@ export default function Edit({ assignment, subjects, teachers, academicYears, cl
                         <div className="rounded-xl bg-emerald-50 border border-emerald-100 shadow-sm overflow-hidden">
                             <div className="flex items-center gap-2 px-5 py-3 bg-emerald-100 text-emerald-800">
                                 <School className="w-4 h-4" />
-                                <span className="font-semibold text-sm">Classe</span>
+                                <span className="font-semibold text-sm">{t('administration.subject_assignments.form.class')}</span>
                             </div>
                             <div className="p-5">
                                 <label htmlFor="class_id" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-700 mb-2">
-                                    Classe <span className="text-emerald-500">*</span>
+                                    {t('administration.subject_assignments.form.class')} <span className="text-emerald-500">*</span>
                                 </label>
                                 <select
                                     id="class_id"
@@ -244,7 +246,7 @@ export default function Edit({ assignment, subjects, teachers, academicYears, cl
                                     onChange={(e) => setFormData((prev) => ({ ...prev, class_id: e.target.value }))}
                                     className={errors.class_id ? fieldError : fieldNormal}
                                 >
-                                    <option value="">Sélectionner une classe</option>
+                                    <option value="">{t('administration.subject_assignments.form.select_class')}</option>
                                     {classrooms.map((classroom) => (
                                         <option key={classroom.id} value={classroom.id}>{classroom.name}</option>
                                     ))}
@@ -256,11 +258,11 @@ export default function Edit({ assignment, subjects, teachers, academicYears, cl
                         <div className="rounded-xl bg-amber-50 border border-amber-100 shadow-sm overflow-hidden">
                             <div className="flex items-center gap-2 px-5 py-3 bg-amber-100 text-amber-800">
                                 <CalendarDays className="w-4 h-4" />
-                                <span className="font-semibold text-sm">Année académique</span>
+                                <span className="font-semibold text-sm">{t('administration.subject_assignments.form.year')}</span>
                             </div>
                             <div className="p-5">
                                 <label htmlFor="academic_year_id" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-700 mb-2">
-                                    Année académique <span className="text-amber-500">*</span>
+                                    {t('administration.subject_assignments.form.year')} <span className="text-amber-500">*</span>
                                 </label>
                                 <select
                                     id="academic_year_id"
@@ -268,7 +270,7 @@ export default function Edit({ assignment, subjects, teachers, academicYears, cl
                                     onChange={(e) => setFormData((prev) => ({ ...prev, academic_year_id: e.target.value }))}
                                     className={errors.academic_year_id ? fieldError : fieldNormal}
                                 >
-                                    <option value="">Sélectionner une année</option>
+                                    <option value="">{t('administration.subject_assignments.form.select_year')}</option>
                                     {academicYears.map((year) => (
                                         <option key={year.id} value={year.id}>{year.year}</option>
                                     ))}
@@ -282,18 +284,18 @@ export default function Edit({ assignment, subjects, teachers, academicYears, cl
                     <div className="rounded-xl bg-slate-50 border border-slate-100 shadow-sm overflow-hidden">
                         <div className="flex items-center gap-2 px-5 py-3 bg-slate-100 text-slate-700">
                             <FileText className="w-4 h-4" />
-                            <span className="font-semibold text-sm">Informations complémentaires</span>
+                            <span className="font-semibold text-sm">{t('administration.subject_assignments.form.extra_info')}</span>
                         </div>
                         <div className="p-5 space-y-4">
                             <div>
                                 <label htmlFor="notes" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-700 mb-2">
-                                    Notes / commentaires
+                                    {t('administration.subject_assignments.form.notes')}
                                 </label>
                                 <textarea
                                     id="notes"
                                     value={formData.notes}
                                     onChange={(e) => setFormData((prev) => ({ ...prev, notes: e.target.value }))}
-                                    placeholder="Notes ou commentaires..."
+                                    placeholder={t('administration.subject_assignments.form.notes_ph')}
                                     rows={3}
                                     className={errors.notes ? fieldError : fieldNormal}
                                 />
@@ -309,7 +311,7 @@ export default function Edit({ assignment, subjects, teachers, academicYears, cl
                                 />
                                 <label htmlFor="active" className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700 cursor-pointer inline-flex items-center gap-1.5">
                                     <BadgeCheck className="w-4 h-4 text-emerald-600" />
-                                    Affectation active
+                                    {t('administration.subject_assignments.form.active')}
                                 </label>
                             </div>
                         </div>
@@ -323,14 +325,14 @@ export default function Edit({ assignment, subjects, teachers, academicYears, cl
                             className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700 gap-2"
                         >
                             <Save className="w-4 h-4" />
-                            {isSubmitting ? 'Enregistrement...' : 'Enregistrer les modifications'}
+                            {isSubmitting ? t('administration.subject_assignments.edit.saving') : t('administration.subject_assignments.edit.submit')}
                         </Button>
                         <Button
                             type="button"
                             variant="outline"
                             onClick={() => router.get(route('subject-assignments.index'))}
                         >
-                            Annuler
+                            {t('administration.subject_assignments.form.cancel')}
                         </Button>
                     </div>
                 </form>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Administration/SubjectAssignments/Index.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Administration/SubjectAssignments/Index.tsx
index 57349c3e..f8389ce2 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Administration/SubjectAssignments/Index.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Administration/SubjectAssignments/Index.tsx
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ import {
     TableRow,
 } from '@/components/ui/table';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Subject {
@@ -80,6 +81,7 @@ interface IndexProps {
 }
 
 export default function Index({ assignments, academicYears, classrooms, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const [deleteConfirm, setDeleteConfirm] = useState<string | null>(null);
     const [isDeleting, setIsDeleting] = useState(false);
     const [searchQuery, setSearchQuery] = useState(filters.search || '');
@@ -130,21 +132,21 @@ export default function Index({ assignments, academicYears, classrooms, filters
 
     const statsCards = [
         {
-            title: 'Affectations totales',
+            title: t('administration.subject_assignments.index.stat_total'),
             value: assignments.total,
             icon: BookOpen,
             bgColor: 'bg-blue-50',
             textColor: 'text-blue-600',
         },
         {
-            title: 'Affectations actives',
+            title: t('administration.subject_assignments.index.stat_active'),
             value: activeAssignments,
             icon: CheckCircle2,
             bgColor: 'bg-green-50',
             textColor: 'text-green-600',
         },
         {
-            title: 'Page',
+            title: t('administration.subject_assignments.index.stat_page'),
             value: `${assignments.current_page}/${assignments.last_page}`,
             icon: Users,
             bgColor: 'bg-purple-50',
@@ -154,17 +156,17 @@ export default function Index({ assignments, academicYears, classrooms, filters
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Affectations de matières" />
+            <Head title={t('administration.subject_assignments.index.head')} />
 
             <div className="space-y-6">
                 {/* Header */}
                 <div className="flex items-start justify-between">
                     <div>
                         <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3"><ClipboardList className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />
-                            Affectations de matières
+                            {t('administration.subject_assignments.index.title')}
                         </h1>
                         <p className="mt-2 text-lg text-gray-600">
-                            Gérez les affectations des enseignants aux matières et classes
+                            {t('administration.subject_assignments.index.subtitle')}
                         </p>
                     </div>
                     <div className="flex gap-3 shrink-0">
@@ -174,14 +176,14 @@ export default function Index({ assignments, academicYears, classrooms, filters
                             className="gap-2"
                         >
                             <BarChart3 className="w-5 h-5" />
-                            Statistiques des affectations
+                            {t('administration.subject_assignments.index.statistics')}
                         </Button>
                         <Button
                             onClick={() => router.get(route('subject-assignments.create'))}
                             className="gap-2 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700"
                         >
                             <Plus className="w-5 h-5" />
-                            Nouvelle affectation
+                            {t('administration.subject_assignments.index.new')}
                         </Button>
                     </div>
                 </div>
@@ -218,12 +220,12 @@ export default function Index({ assignments, academicYears, classrooms, filters
                     <div className="flex flex-wrap gap-3 items-center">
                         <select
                             id="filter_year"
-                            aria-label="Filtrer par année"
+                            aria-label={t('administration.subject_assignments.index.filter_year')}
                             value={yearFilter}
                             onChange={(e) => handleYearChange(e.target.value)}
                             className="rounded-lg border border-gray-200 bg-white px-3 py-2 text-sm text-gray-900 focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-blue-400"
                         >
-                            <option value="">Toutes les années</option>
+                            <option value="">{t('administration.subject_assignments.index.all_years')}</option>
                             {academicYears.map((year) => (
                                 <option key={year.id} value={year.id}>{year.year}</option>
                             ))}
@@ -231,12 +233,12 @@ export default function Index({ assignments, academicYears, classrooms, filters
 
                         <select
                             id="filter_class"
-                            aria-label="Filtrer par classe"
+                            aria-label={t('administration.subject_assignments.index.filter_class')}
                             value={classFilter}
                             onChange={(e) => handleClassChange(e.target.value)}
                             className="rounded-lg border border-gray-200 bg-white px-3 py-2 text-sm text-gray-900 focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-blue-400"
                         >
-                            <option value="">Toutes les classes</option>
+                            <option value="">{t('administration.subject_assignments.index.all_classes')}</option>
                             {classrooms.map((classroom) => (
                                 <option key={classroom.id} value={classroom.id}>{classroom.name}</option>
                             ))}
@@ -246,7 +248,7 @@ export default function Index({ assignments, academicYears, classrooms, filters
                             <Search className="absolute left-3 top-1/2 -translate-y-1/2 w-5 h-5 text-gray-400" />
                             <Input
                                 type="text"
-                                placeholder="Rechercher par matière, enseignant ou classe..."
+                                placeholder={t('administration.subject_assignments.index.search_ph')}
                                 value={searchQuery}
                                 onChange={(e) => setSearchQuery(e.target.value)}
                                 onKeyDown={(e) => {
@@ -274,12 +276,12 @@ export default function Index({ assignments, academicYears, classrooms, filters
                     <Table>
                         <TableHeader className="bg-gray-50">
                             <TableRow className="border-b border-gray-200">
-                                <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Matière</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Enseignant</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Classe</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Année</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Statut</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="text-center font-semibold text-gray-900 w-28">Actions</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('administration.subject_assignments.index.col_subject')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('administration.subject_assignments.index.col_teacher')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('administration.subject_assignments.index.col_class')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('administration.subject_assignments.index.col_year')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('administration.subject_assignments.index.col_status')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="text-center font-semibold text-gray-900 w-28">{t('administration.subject_assignments.index.col_actions')}</TableHead>
                             </TableRow>
                         </TableHeader>
                         <TableBody>
@@ -288,7 +290,7 @@ export default function Index({ assignments, academicYears, classrooms, filters
                                     <TableCell colSpan={6} className="text-center py-12">
                                         <div className="flex flex-col items-center gap-2">
                                             <BookOpen className="w-12 h-12 text-gray-300" />
-                                            <p className="text-gray-500 font-medium">Aucune affectation trouvée</p>
+                                            <p className="text-gray-500 font-medium">{t('administration.subject_assignments.index.empty')}</p>
                                         </div>
                                     </TableCell>
                                 </TableRow>
@@ -323,30 +325,30 @@ export default function Index({ assignments, academicYears, classrooms, filters
                                             {assignment.active ? (
                                                 <span className="inline-flex items-center gap-1 px-3 py-1 rounded-full text-sm font-medium bg-green-100 text-green-700">
                                                     <CheckCircle2 className="w-4 h-4" />
-                                                    Active
+                                                    {t('administration.subject_assignments.active')}
                                                 </span>
                                             ) : (
                                                 <span className="inline-flex items-center px-3 py-1 rounded-full text-sm font-medium bg-gray-100 text-gray-700">
-                                                    Inactive
+                                                    {t('administration.subject_assignments.inactive')}
                                                 </span>
                                             )}
                                         </TableCell>
                                         <TableCell className="text-center">
                                             <div className="flex gap-2 justify-center">
                                                 <IconButton
-                                                    label="Voir"
+                                                    label={t('administration.subject_assignments.index.view')}
                                                     icon={<Eye className="w-4 h-4" />}
                                                     onClick={() => router.get(route('subject-assignments.show', assignment.id))}
                                                     className="border-gray-300 text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-50 hover:text-gray-900"
                                                 />
                                                 <IconButton
-                                                    label="Modifier"
+                                                    label={t('administration.subject_assignments.index.edit')}
                                                     icon={<Pencil className="w-4 h-4" />}
                                                     onClick={() => router.get(route('subject-assignments.edit', assignment.id))}
                                                     className="border-gray-300 text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-50 hover:text-gray-900"
                                                 />
                                                 <IconButton
-                                                    label="Supprimer"
+                                                    label={t('administration.subject_assignments.index.delete')}
                                                     icon={<Trash2 className="w-4 h-4" />}
                                                     onClick={() => setDeleteConfirm(assignment.id)}
                                                     className="border-red-300 text-red-600 hover:bg-red-50 hover:text-red-700"
@@ -365,7 +367,7 @@ export default function Index({ assignments, academicYears, classrooms, filters
                 {assignments.last_page > 1 && (
                     <div className="flex items-center justify-between bg-white rounded-lg shadow-sm p-4">
                         <div className="text-sm text-gray-600">
-                            Affichage de {assignments.from} à {assignments.to} sur {assignments.total} résultats
+                            {t('administration.subject_assignments.index.range', { from: assignments.from, to: assignments.to, total: assignments.total })}
                         </div>
                         <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
                             <Button
@@ -381,7 +383,7 @@ export default function Index({ assignments, academicYears, classrooms, filters
                                 className="gap-1"
                             >
                                 <ChevronLeft className="w-4 h-4" />
-                                Précédent
+                                {t('administration.subject_assignments.index.previous')}
                             </Button>
 
                             <div className="flex gap-1">
@@ -428,7 +430,7 @@ export default function Index({ assignments, academicYears, classrooms, filters
                                 disabled={assignments.current_page === assignments.last_page}
                                 className="gap-1"
                             >
-                                Suivant
+                                {t('administration.subject_assignments.index.next')}
                                 <ChevronRight className="w-4 h-4" />
                             </Button>
                         </div>
@@ -440,19 +442,19 @@ export default function Index({ assignments, academicYears, classrooms, filters
             <AlertDialog open={!!deleteConfirm} onOpenChange={() => setDeleteConfirm(null)}>
                 <AlertDialogContent>
                     <AlertDialogHeader>
-                        <AlertDialogTitle>Confirmer la suppression</AlertDialogTitle>
+                        <AlertDialogTitle>{t('administration.subject_assignments.index.delete_title')}</AlertDialogTitle>
                         <AlertDialogDescription>
-                            Êtes-vous sûr de vouloir supprimer cette affectation ? Cette action est irréversible.
+                            {t('administration.subject_assignments.index.delete_desc')}
                         </AlertDialogDescription>
                     </AlertDialogHeader>
                     <div className="flex justify-end gap-3">
-                        <AlertDialogCancel disabled={isDeleting}>Annuler</AlertDialogCancel>
+                        <AlertDialogCancel disabled={isDeleting}>{t('administration.subject_assignments.index.cancel')}</AlertDialogCancel>
                         <AlertDialogAction
                             onClick={() => deleteConfirm && handleDelete(deleteConfirm)}
                             disabled={isDeleting}
                             className="bg-red-600 hover:bg-red-700"
                         >
-                            {isDeleting ? 'Suppression...' : 'Supprimer'}
+                            {isDeleting ? t('administration.subject_assignments.index.deleting') : t('administration.subject_assignments.index.delete')}
                         </AlertDialogAction>
                     </div>
                 </AlertDialogContent>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Administration/SubjectAssignments/Show.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Administration/SubjectAssignments/Show.tsx
index 7c440f18..1d167bcc 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Administration/SubjectAssignments/Show.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Administration/SubjectAssignments/Show.tsx
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { Head, router } from '@inertiajs/react';
 import { ArrowLeft, BookOpen, CheckCircle2, Clock, Info, Users } from 'lucide-react';
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Subject {
@@ -49,12 +50,14 @@ interface ShowProps {
 }
 
 export default function Show({ assignment }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
+    const { t, locale } = useTranslation();
+    const dateLocale = locale === 'en' ? 'en-GB' : 'fr-FR';
     const teacherName = assignment.teacher.name
         ?? [assignment.teacher.firstname, assignment.teacher.lastname].filter(Boolean).join(' ')
         ?? '—';
 
     const formatDate = (date: string) => {
-        return new Date(date).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR', {
+        return new Date(date).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale, {
             year: 'numeric',
             month: 'long',
             day: 'numeric'
@@ -63,7 +66,7 @@ export default function Show({ assignment }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title={`Affectation - ${assignment.subject.name}`} />
+            <Head title={t('administration.subject_assignments.show.head', { subject: assignment.subject.name })} />
 
             <div className="space-y-6">
                 {/* Header */}
@@ -76,13 +79,13 @@ export default function Show({ assignment }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                             <ArrowLeft className="w-5 h-5 text-gray-600" />
                         </button>
                         <div>
-                            <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900">Détails de l'affectation</h1>
+                            <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900">{t('administration.subject_assignments.show.title')}</h1>
                             <div className="flex items-center gap-2 mt-1">
                                 <span className="text-gray-600">{assignment.subject.name}</span>
                                 {assignment.active && (
                                     <span className="inline-flex items-center gap-1 px-2 py-1 rounded-full text-xs font-medium bg-green-100 text-green-700">
                                         <CheckCircle2 className="w-3 h-3" />
-                                        Active
+                                        {t('administration.subject_assignments.active')}
                                     </span>
                                 )}
                             </div>
@@ -92,7 +95,7 @@ export default function Show({ assignment }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                         onClick={() => router.get(route('subject-assignments.edit', assignment.id))}
                         className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700"
                     >
-                        Modifier
+                        {t('administration.subject_assignments.show.edit')}
                     </Button>
                 </div>
 
@@ -102,38 +105,38 @@ export default function Show({ assignment }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                         <div className="bg-white rounded-lg border p-6">
                             <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-4 flex items-center gap-2">
                                 <BookOpen className="w-5 h-5 text-blue-600" />
-                                Informations de l'affectation
+                                {t('administration.subject_assignments.show.info')}
                             </h2>
                             <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-4">
                                 <div>
-                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Matière</p>
+                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('administration.subject_assignments.show.subject')}</p>
                                     <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">{assignment.subject.name}</p>
                                 </div>
                                 <div>
-                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Enseignant</p>
+                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('administration.subject_assignments.show.teacher')}</p>
                                     <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1 flex items-center gap-2">
                                         <Users className="w-4 h-4 text-gray-500" />
                                         {teacherName}
                                     </p>
                                 </div>
                                 <div>
-                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Classe</p>
+                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('administration.subject_assignments.show.class')}</p>
                                     <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">{assignment.classroom.name}</p>
                                 </div>
                                 <div>
-                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Type de classe</p>
+                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('administration.subject_assignments.show.class_type')}</p>
                                     <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">
                                         {assignment.classroom.type?.name || '—'}
                                     </p>
                                 </div>
                                 <div>
-                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Année académique</p>
+                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('administration.subject_assignments.show.year')}</p>
                                     <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">{assignment.academic_year.year}</p>
                                 </div>
                                 <div>
-                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Statut</p>
+                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('administration.subject_assignments.show.status')}</p>
                                     <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">
-                                        {assignment.active ? 'Active' : 'Inactive'}
+                                        {assignment.active ? t('administration.subject_assignments.active') : t('administration.subject_assignments.inactive')}
                                     </p>
                                 </div>
                             </div>
@@ -143,7 +146,7 @@ export default function Show({ assignment }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                             <div className="bg-white rounded-lg border p-6">
                                 <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-4 flex items-center gap-2">
                                     <Info className="w-5 h-5 text-blue-600" />
-                                    Notes
+                                    {t('administration.subject_assignments.show.notes')}
                                 </h2>
                                 <p className="text-gray-700 leading-relaxed">{assignment.notes}</p>
                             </div>
@@ -155,19 +158,19 @@ export default function Show({ assignment }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                         <div className="bg-white rounded-lg border p-6">
                             <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-4 flex items-center gap-2">
                                 <Clock className="w-5 h-5 text-blue-600" />
-                                Informations système
+                                {t('administration.subject_assignments.show.system_info')}
                             </h2>
                             <div className="space-y-4">
                                 <div>
-                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Date de création</p>
+                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('administration.subject_assignments.show.created_at')}</p>
                                     <p className="text-sm text-gray-900 mt-1">{formatDate(assignment.created_at)}</p>
                                 </div>
                                 <div>
-                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Dernière modification</p>
+                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('administration.subject_assignments.show.updated_at')}</p>
                                     <p className="text-sm text-gray-900 mt-1">{formatDate(assignment.updated_at)}</p>
                                 </div>
                                 <div>
-                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Identifiant</p>
+                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('administration.subject_assignments.show.id')}</p>
                                     <p className="text-xs text-gray-500 mt-1 font-mono break-all">
                                         {assignment.id}
                                     </p>
@@ -178,11 +181,10 @@ export default function Show({ assignment }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                         <div className="bg-blue-50 rounded-lg border border-blue-200 p-6">
                             <h3 className="font-semibold text-blue-900 mb-2 flex items-center gap-2">
                                 <Info className="w-4 h-4" />
-                                À propos
+                                {t('administration.subject_assignments.show.about')}
                             </h3>
                             <p className="text-sm text-blue-700">
-                                Les affectations permettent de lier un enseignant à une matière spécifique 
-                                pour une classe et une année académique données.
+                                {t('administration.subject_assignments.show.about_desc')}
                             </p>
                         </div>
                     </div>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Administration/SubjectAssignments/Statistics.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Administration/SubjectAssignments/Statistics.tsx
index 93b2a0b9..9990540f 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Administration/SubjectAssignments/Statistics.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Administration/SubjectAssignments/Statistics.tsx
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import {
     TableRow,
 } from '@/components/ui/table';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Teacher {
@@ -50,6 +51,7 @@ interface StatisticsProps {
 }
 
 export default function Statistics({ teachers, academicYears, filters, teacher, assignments, summary }: Readonly<StatisticsProps>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const yearId = filters.academic_year_id ?? '';
     const teacherId = filters.teacher_id ?? '';
 
@@ -66,15 +68,15 @@ export default function Statistics({ teachers, academicYears, filters, teacher,
         : '';
 
     const statsCards = [
-        { title: 'Affectations', value: summary.total, icon: BookOpen, bg: 'bg-blue-50', text: 'text-blue-600' },
-        { title: 'Actives', value: summary.active, icon: CheckCircle2, bg: 'bg-green-50', text: 'text-green-600' },
-        { title: 'Matières', value: summary.subjects, icon: GraduationCap, bg: 'bg-purple-50', text: 'text-purple-600' },
-        { title: 'Classes', value: summary.classes, icon: Users, bg: 'bg-orange-50', text: 'text-orange-600' },
+        { title: t('administration.subject_assignments.statistics.kpi_assignments'), value: summary.total, icon: BookOpen, bg: 'bg-blue-50', text: 'text-blue-600' },
+        { title: t('administration.subject_assignments.statistics.kpi_active'), value: summary.active, icon: CheckCircle2, bg: 'bg-green-50', text: 'text-green-600' },
+        { title: t('administration.subject_assignments.statistics.kpi_subjects'), value: summary.subjects, icon: GraduationCap, bg: 'bg-purple-50', text: 'text-purple-600' },
+        { title: t('administration.subject_assignments.statistics.kpi_classes'), value: summary.classes, icon: Users, bg: 'bg-orange-50', text: 'text-orange-600' },
     ];
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Statistiques des affectations" />
+            <Head title={t('administration.subject_assignments.statistics.head')} />
 
             <div className="space-y-6">
                 {/* Header */}
@@ -90,9 +92,9 @@ export default function Statistics({ teachers, academicYears, filters, teacher,
                         <div>
                             <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3">
                                 <BarChart3 className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />
-                                Statistiques des affectations
+                                {t('administration.subject_assignments.statistics.title')}
                             </h1>
-                            <p className="mt-1 text-gray-600">Affectations d'un enseignant pour une année académique</p>
+                            <p className="mt-1 text-gray-600">{t('administration.subject_assignments.statistics.subtitle')}</p>
                         </div>
                     </div>
                     <Button
@@ -101,7 +103,7 @@ export default function Statistics({ teachers, academicYears, filters, teacher,
                         className="gap-2 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700 shrink-0 disabled:opacity-40"
                     >
                         <Download className="w-4 h-4" />
-                        Exporter (PDF)
+                        {t('administration.subject_assignments.statistics.export')}
                     </Button>
                 </div>
 
@@ -109,7 +111,7 @@ export default function Statistics({ teachers, academicYears, filters, teacher,
                 <div className="bg-white rounded-lg shadow-sm p-4">
                     <div className="flex flex-wrap gap-3 items-center">
                         <div>
-                            <label htmlFor="stat_year" className="block text-xs font-medium text-gray-500 mb-1">Année académique</label>
+                            <label htmlFor="stat_year" className="block text-xs font-medium text-gray-500 mb-1">{t('administration.subject_assignments.statistics.year')}</label>
                             <select
                                 id="stat_year"
                                 value={yearId}
@@ -122,14 +124,14 @@ export default function Statistics({ teachers, academicYears, filters, teacher,
                             </select>
                         </div>
                         <div className="min-w-[260px]">
-                            <label htmlFor="stat_teacher" className="block text-xs font-medium text-gray-500 mb-1">Enseignant</label>
+                            <label htmlFor="stat_teacher" className="block text-xs font-medium text-gray-500 mb-1">{t('administration.subject_assignments.statistics.teacher')}</label>
                             <select
                                 id="stat_teacher"
                                 value={teacherId}
                                 onChange={(e) => apply({ teacher_id: e.target.value })}
                                 className="w-full rounded-lg border border-gray-200 bg-white px-3 py-2 text-sm text-gray-900 focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-blue-400"
                             >
-                                <option value="">— Sélectionner un enseignant —</option>
+                                <option value="">{t('administration.subject_assignments.statistics.select_teacher')}</option>
                                 {teachers.map((t) => (
                                     <option key={t.id} value={t.id}>{t.firstname} {t.lastname}</option>
                                 ))}
@@ -141,7 +143,7 @@ export default function Statistics({ teachers, academicYears, filters, teacher,
                 {!teacherId ? (
                     <div className="bg-white rounded-lg shadow-sm p-12 text-center">
                         <Users className="w-12 h-12 text-gray-300 mx-auto mb-3" />
-                        <p className="text-gray-500 font-medium">Sélectionnez un enseignant pour voir ses affectations.</p>
+                        <p className="text-gray-500 font-medium">{t('administration.subject_assignments.statistics.select_prompt')}</p>
                     </div>
                 ) : (
                     <>
@@ -179,9 +181,9 @@ export default function Statistics({ teachers, academicYears, filters, teacher,
                                 <Table>
                                     <TableHeader className="bg-gray-50">
                                         <TableRow className="border-b border-gray-200">
-                                            <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Matière</TableHead>
-                                            <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Classe</TableHead>
-                                            <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Statut</TableHead>
+                                            <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('administration.subject_assignments.statistics.col_subject')}</TableHead>
+                                            <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('administration.subject_assignments.statistics.col_class')}</TableHead>
+                                            <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('administration.subject_assignments.statistics.col_status')}</TableHead>
                                         </TableRow>
                                     </TableHeader>
                                     <TableBody>
@@ -190,7 +192,7 @@ export default function Statistics({ teachers, academicYears, filters, teacher,
                                                 <TableCell colSpan={3} className="text-center py-12">
                                                     <div className="flex flex-col items-center gap-2">
                                                         <BookOpen className="w-12 h-12 text-gray-300" />
-                                                        <p className="text-gray-500 font-medium">Aucune affectation pour cet enseignant sur cette année.</p>
+                                                        <p className="text-gray-500 font-medium">{t('administration.subject_assignments.statistics.empty')}</p>
                                                     </div>
                                                 </TableCell>
                                             </TableRow>
@@ -203,11 +205,11 @@ export default function Statistics({ teachers, academicYears, filters, teacher,
                                                         {a.active ? (
                                                             <span className="inline-flex items-center gap-1 px-3 py-1 rounded-full text-sm font-medium bg-green-100 text-green-700">
                                                                 <CheckCircle2 className="w-4 h-4" />
-                                                                Active
+                                                                {t('administration.subject_assignments.active')}
                                                             </span>
                                                         ) : (
                                                             <span className="inline-flex items-center px-3 py-1 rounded-full text-sm font-medium bg-gray-100 text-gray-700">
-                                                                Inactive
+                                                                {t('administration.subject_assignments.inactive')}
                                                             </span>
                                                         )}
                                                     </TableCell>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Administration/Users/Create.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Administration/Users/Create.tsx
index 1ef5134f..5c734d75 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Administration/Users/Create.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Administration/Users/Create.tsx
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ import type { SyntheticEvent } from 'react';
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Role {
@@ -28,6 +29,7 @@ interface CreateProps {
 }
 
 export default function Create({ roles }: Readonly<CreateProps>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const softInputClass = 'border-gray-200 bg-gray-50 focus:bg-white focus:ring-blue-500';
 
     const [formData, setFormData] = useState({
@@ -75,7 +77,7 @@ export default function Create({ roles }: Readonly<CreateProps>) {
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Créer un utilisateur" />
+            <Head title={t('administration.users.create.head')} />
 
             <div className="space-y-6">
                 {/* Header */}
@@ -88,7 +90,7 @@ export default function Create({ roles }: Readonly<CreateProps>) {
                     </button>
                     <div>
                         <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900">
-                            Créer un nouvel utilisateur
+                            {t('administration.users.create.title')}
                         </h1>
                     </div>
                 </div>
@@ -103,19 +105,19 @@ export default function Create({ roles }: Readonly<CreateProps>) {
                                     <div className="h-9 w-9 rounded-lg bg-blue-50 text-blue-600 flex items-center justify-center">
                                         <CircleUserRound className="w-5 h-5" />
                                     </div>
-                                    <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">Informations personnelles</h2>
+                                    <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('administration.users.form.personal_info')}</h2>
                                 </div>
                                 <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-4">
                                     <div>
                                         <label htmlFor="firstname" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
-                                            Prénom *
+                                            {t('administration.users.form.firstname')}
                                         </label>
                                         <Input
                                             id="firstname"
                                             type="text"
                                             value={formData.firstname}
                                             onChange={(e) => setFormData(prev => ({ ...prev, firstname: e.target.value }))}
-                                            placeholder="Ex: Jean"
+                                            placeholder={t('administration.users.form.firstname_ph')}
                                             className={errors.firstname ? 'border-red-500 bg-red-50' : softInputClass}
                                         />
                                         {errors.firstname && (
@@ -125,14 +127,14 @@ export default function Create({ roles }: Readonly<CreateProps>) {
 
                                     <div>
                                         <label htmlFor="lastname" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
-                                            Nom *
+                                            {t('administration.users.form.lastname')}
                                         </label>
                                         <Input
                                             id="lastname"
                                             type="text"
                                             value={formData.lastname}
                                             onChange={(e) => setFormData(prev => ({ ...prev, lastname: e.target.value }))}
-                                            placeholder="Ex: Dupont"
+                                            placeholder={t('administration.users.form.lastname_ph')}
                                             className={errors.lastname ? 'border-red-500 bg-red-50' : softInputClass}
                                         />
                                         {errors.lastname && (
@@ -142,7 +144,7 @@ export default function Create({ roles }: Readonly<CreateProps>) {
 
                                     <div>
                                         <label htmlFor="gender" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
-                                            Genre *
+                                            {t('administration.users.form.gender')}
                                         </label>
                                         <select
                                             id="gender"
@@ -150,9 +152,9 @@ export default function Create({ roles }: Readonly<CreateProps>) {
                                             onChange={(e) => setFormData(prev => ({ ...prev, gender: e.target.value }))}
                                             className="w-full px-3 py-2 border border-gray-200 bg-gray-50 rounded-md focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-blue-500"
                                         >
-                                            <option value="male">Masculin</option>
-                                            <option value="female">Féminin</option>
-                                            <option value="other">Autre</option>
+                                            <option value="male">{t('administration.users.gender.male')}</option>
+                                            <option value="female">{t('administration.users.gender.female')}</option>
+                                            <option value="other">{t('administration.users.gender.other')}</option>
                                         </select>
                                         {errors.gender && (
                                             <p className="text-red-600 text-sm mt-1">{errors.gender}</p>
@@ -161,7 +163,7 @@ export default function Create({ roles }: Readonly<CreateProps>) {
 
                                     <div>
                                         <label htmlFor="birth_date" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
-                                            Date de naissance
+                                            {t('administration.users.form.birth_date')}
                                         </label>
                                         <Input
                                             id="birth_date"
@@ -183,20 +185,20 @@ export default function Create({ roles }: Readonly<CreateProps>) {
                                     <div className="h-9 w-9 rounded-lg bg-violet-50 text-violet-600 flex items-center justify-center">
                                         <Phone className="w-5 h-5" />
                                     </div>
-                                    <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">Coordonnées</h2>
+                                    <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('administration.users.form.contact')}</h2>
                                 </div>
                                 <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-4">
                                     <div>
                                         <label htmlFor="email" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
                                             <Mail className="inline w-4 h-4 mr-1 text-violet-500" />
-                                            Email *
+                                            {t('administration.users.form.email')}
                                         </label>
                                         <Input
                                             id="email"
                                             type="email"
                                             value={formData.email}
                                             onChange={(e) => setFormData(prev => ({ ...prev, email: e.target.value }))}
-                                            placeholder="exemple@email.com"
+                                            placeholder={t('administration.users.form.email_ph')}
                                             className={errors.email ? 'border-red-500 bg-red-50' : softInputClass}
                                         />
                                         {errors.email && (
@@ -207,14 +209,14 @@ export default function Create({ roles }: Readonly<CreateProps>) {
                                     <div>
                                         <label htmlFor="telephone" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
                                             <Phone className="inline w-4 h-4 mr-1 text-violet-500" />
-                                            Téléphone
+                                            {t('administration.users.form.phone')}
                                         </label>
                                         <Input
                                             id="telephone"
                                             type="text"
                                             value={formData.telephone}
                                             onChange={(e) => setFormData(prev => ({ ...prev, telephone: e.target.value }))}
-                                            placeholder="+228 XX XX XX XX"
+                                            placeholder={t('administration.users.form.phone_ph')}
                                             className={errors.telephone ? 'border-red-500 bg-red-50' : softInputClass}
                                         />
                                         {errors.telephone && (
@@ -225,14 +227,14 @@ export default function Create({ roles }: Readonly<CreateProps>) {
                                     <div className="md:col-span-2">
                                         <label htmlFor="address" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
                                             <MapPin className="inline w-4 h-4 mr-1 text-violet-500" />
-                                            Adresse
+                                            {t('administration.users.form.address')}
                                         </label>
                                         <Input
                                             id="address"
                                             type="text"
                                             value={formData.address}
                                             onChange={(e) => setFormData(prev => ({ ...prev, address: e.target.value }))}
-                                            placeholder="123 Rue de la Paix"
+                                            placeholder={t('administration.users.form.address_ph')}
                                             className={errors.address ? 'border-red-500 bg-red-50' : softInputClass}
                                         />
                                         {errors.address && (
@@ -248,12 +250,12 @@ export default function Create({ roles }: Readonly<CreateProps>) {
                                     <div className="h-9 w-9 rounded-lg bg-amber-50 text-amber-600 flex items-center justify-center">
                                         <Shield className="w-5 h-5" />
                                     </div>
-                                    <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">Sécurité</h2>
+                                    <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('administration.users.form.security')}</h2>
                                 </div>
                                 <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-4">
                                     <div>
                                         <label htmlFor="password" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
-                                            Mot de passe *
+                                            {t('administration.users.form.password')}
                                         </label>
                                         <Input
                                             id="password"
@@ -270,7 +272,7 @@ export default function Create({ roles }: Readonly<CreateProps>) {
 
                                     <div>
                                         <label htmlFor="password_confirmation" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
-                                            Confirmer le mot de passe *
+                                            {t('administration.users.form.password_confirmation')}
                                         </label>
                                         <Input
                                             id="password_confirmation"
@@ -290,17 +292,17 @@ export default function Create({ roles }: Readonly<CreateProps>) {
                                     <div className="h-9 w-9 rounded-lg bg-emerald-50 text-emerald-600 flex items-center justify-center">
                                         <Sparkles className="w-5 h-5" />
                                     </div>
-                                    <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">Profil</h2>
+                                    <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('administration.users.form.profile')}</h2>
                                 </div>
                                 <div>
                                     <label htmlFor="profile" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
-                                        Description du profil
+                                        {t('administration.users.form.profile_desc')}
                                     </label>
                                     <textarea
                                         id="profile"
                                         value={formData.profile}
                                         onChange={(e) => setFormData(prev => ({ ...prev, profile: e.target.value }))}
-                                        placeholder="Décrivez le profil de l'utilisateur..."
+                                        placeholder={t('administration.users.form.profile_ph')}
                                         rows={4}
                                         className="w-full px-3 py-2 border border-gray-200 bg-gray-50 rounded-md focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-blue-500"
                                     />
@@ -318,18 +320,18 @@ export default function Create({ roles }: Readonly<CreateProps>) {
                                     <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
                                         <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-indigo-700">
                                             <Users className="w-4 h-4" />
-                                            <p className="text-sm font-semibold">Rôles sélectionnés</p>
+                                            <p className="text-sm font-semibold">{t('administration.users.form.selected_roles')}</p>
                                         </div>
                                         <span className="inline-flex h-6 min-w-6 px-2 items-center justify-center rounded-full bg-indigo-600 text-white text-xs font-semibold">
                                             {selectedRolesCount}
                                         </span>
                                     </div>
-                                    <p className="text-xs text-indigo-600 mt-2">Attribuez un ou plusieurs rôles selon les responsabilités.</p>
+                                    <p className="text-xs text-indigo-600 mt-2">{t('administration.users.form.roles_hint')}</p>
                                 </div>
 
                                 <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-2">
                                     <UserCheck className="w-5 h-5 text-indigo-600" />
-                                    Rôles
+                                    {t('administration.users.form.roles')}
                                 </h2>
                                 <div className="space-y-3">
                                     {roles.map((role) => (
@@ -370,7 +372,7 @@ export default function Create({ roles }: Readonly<CreateProps>) {
                             disabled={isSubmitting}
                             className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700 shadow-sm"
                         >
-                            {isSubmitting ? 'Création...' : 'Créer l\'utilisateur'}
+                            {isSubmitting ? t('administration.users.create.creating') : t('administration.users.create.submit')}
                         </Button>
                         <Button
                             type="button"
@@ -378,7 +380,7 @@ export default function Create({ roles }: Readonly<CreateProps>) {
                             className="border-gray-200 hover:bg-gray-50"
                             onClick={() => router.get(route('users.index'))}
                         >
-                            Annuler
+                            {t('administration.users.form.cancel')}
                         </Button>
                     </div>
                 </form>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Administration/Users/Edit.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Administration/Users/Edit.tsx
index a4777058..e826a9de 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Administration/Users/Edit.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Administration/Users/Edit.tsx
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import { useState } from 'react';
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Role {
@@ -41,6 +42,7 @@ interface EditProps {
 }
 
 export default function Edit({ user, roles }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const normalizeGender = (value: string) => {
         if (value === 'M') return 'male';
         if (value === 'F') return 'female';
@@ -91,7 +93,7 @@ export default function Edit({ user, roles }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title={`Modifier ${user.firstname} ${user.lastname}`} />
+            <Head title={t('administration.users.edit.head', { name: `${user.firstname} ${user.lastname}` })} />
 
             <div className="space-y-6">
                 {/* Header */}
@@ -104,7 +106,7 @@ export default function Edit({ user, roles }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
                     </button>
                     <div>
                         <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900">
-                            Modifier {user.firstname} {user.lastname}
+                            {t('administration.users.edit.title', { name: `${user.firstname} ${user.lastname}` })}
                         </h1>
                     </div>
                 </div>
@@ -119,19 +121,19 @@ export default function Edit({ user, roles }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
                                     <div className="h-9 w-9 rounded-lg bg-blue-50 text-blue-600 flex items-center justify-center">
                                         <CircleUserRound className="w-5 h-5" />
                                     </div>
-                                    <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">Informations personnelles</h2>
+                                    <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('administration.users.form.personal_info')}</h2>
                                 </div>
                                 <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-4">
                                     <div>
                                         <label htmlFor="firstname" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
-                                            Prénom *
+                                            {t('administration.users.form.firstname')}
                                         </label>
                                         <Input
                                             id="firstname"
                                             type="text"
                                             value={formData.firstname}
                                             onChange={(e) => setFormData(prev => ({ ...prev, firstname: e.target.value }))}
-                                            placeholder="Ex: Jean"
+                                            placeholder={t('administration.users.form.firstname_ph')}
                                             className={errors.firstname ? 'border-red-500 bg-red-50' : 'border-gray-200 bg-gray-50 focus:bg-white focus:ring-blue-500'}
                                         />
                                         {errors.firstname && (
@@ -141,14 +143,14 @@ export default function Edit({ user, roles }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
 
                                     <div>
                                         <label htmlFor="lastname" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
-                                            Nom *
+                                            {t('administration.users.form.lastname')}
                                         </label>
                                         <Input
                                             id="lastname"
                                             type="text"
                                             value={formData.lastname}
                                             onChange={(e) => setFormData(prev => ({ ...prev, lastname: e.target.value }))}
-                                            placeholder="Ex: Dupont"
+                                            placeholder={t('administration.users.form.lastname_ph')}
                                             className={errors.lastname ? 'border-red-500 bg-red-50' : 'border-gray-200 bg-gray-50 focus:bg-white focus:ring-blue-500'}
                                         />
                                         {errors.lastname && (
@@ -158,7 +160,7 @@ export default function Edit({ user, roles }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
 
                                     <div>
                                         <label htmlFor="gender" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
-                                            Genre *
+                                            {t('administration.users.form.gender')}
                                         </label>
                                         <select
                                             id="gender"
@@ -166,9 +168,9 @@ export default function Edit({ user, roles }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
                                             onChange={(e) => setFormData(prev => ({ ...prev, gender: e.target.value }))}
                                             className="w-full px-3 py-2 border border-gray-200 bg-gray-50 rounded-md focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-blue-500 focus:bg-white"
                                         >
-                                            <option value="male">Masculin</option>
-                                            <option value="female">Féminin</option>
-                                            <option value="other">Autre</option>
+                                            <option value="male">{t('administration.users.gender.male')}</option>
+                                            <option value="female">{t('administration.users.gender.female')}</option>
+                                            <option value="other">{t('administration.users.gender.other')}</option>
                                         </select>
                                         {errors.gender && (
                                             <p className="text-red-600 text-sm mt-1">{errors.gender}</p>
@@ -183,20 +185,20 @@ export default function Edit({ user, roles }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
                                     <div className="h-9 w-9 rounded-lg bg-violet-50 text-violet-600 flex items-center justify-center">
                                         <Phone className="w-5 h-5" />
                                     </div>
-                                    <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">Coordonnées</h2>
+                                    <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('administration.users.form.contact')}</h2>
                                 </div>
                                 <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-4">
                                     <div>
                                         <label htmlFor="email" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
                                             <Mail className="inline w-4 h-4 mr-1 text-violet-500" />
-                                            Email *
+                                            {t('administration.users.form.email')}
                                         </label>
                                         <Input
                                             id="email"
                                             type="email"
                                             value={formData.email}
                                             onChange={(e) => setFormData(prev => ({ ...prev, email: e.target.value }))}
-                                            placeholder="exemple@email.com"
+                                            placeholder={t('administration.users.form.email_ph')}
                                             className={errors.email ? 'border-red-500 bg-red-50' : 'border-gray-200 bg-gray-50 focus:bg-white focus:ring-blue-500'}
                                         />
                                         {errors.email && (
@@ -207,14 +209,14 @@ export default function Edit({ user, roles }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
                                     <div>
                                         <label htmlFor="telephone" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
                                             <Phone className="inline w-4 h-4 mr-1 text-violet-500" />
-                                            Téléphone
+                                            {t('administration.users.form.phone')}
                                         </label>
                                         <Input
                                             id="telephone"
                                             type="text"
                                             value={formData.telephone}
                                             onChange={(e) => setFormData(prev => ({ ...prev, telephone: e.target.value }))}
-                                            placeholder="+228 XX XX XX XX"
+                                            placeholder={t('administration.users.form.phone_ph')}
                                             className={errors.telephone ? 'border-red-500 bg-red-50' : 'border-gray-200 bg-gray-50 focus:bg-white focus:ring-blue-500'}
                                         />
                                         {errors.telephone && (
@@ -225,14 +227,14 @@ export default function Edit({ user, roles }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
                                     <div className="md:col-span-2">
                                         <label htmlFor="address" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
                                             <MapPin className="inline w-4 h-4 mr-1 text-violet-500" />
-                                            Adresse
+                                            {t('administration.users.form.address')}
                                         </label>
                                         <Input
                                             id="address"
                                             type="text"
                                             value={formData.address}
                                             onChange={(e) => setFormData(prev => ({ ...prev, address: e.target.value }))}
-                                            placeholder="123 Rue de la Paix"
+                                            placeholder={t('administration.users.form.address_ph')}
                                             className={errors.address ? 'border-red-500 bg-red-50' : 'border-gray-200 bg-gray-50 focus:bg-white focus:ring-blue-500'}
                                         />
                                         {errors.address && (
@@ -248,15 +250,15 @@ export default function Edit({ user, roles }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
                                     <div className="h-9 w-9 rounded-lg bg-amber-50 text-amber-600 flex items-center justify-center">
                                         <Shield className="w-5 h-5" />
                                     </div>
-                                    <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">Sécurité</h2>
+                                    <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('administration.users.form.security')}</h2>
                                 </div>
                                 <p className="text-sm text-gray-600 mb-4">
-                                    Laissez ces champs vides pour conserver le mot de passe actuel.
+                                    {t('administration.users.form.security_hint')}
                                 </p>
                                 <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-4">
                                     <div>
                                         <label htmlFor="password" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
-                                            Nouveau mot de passe
+                                            {t('administration.users.form.new_password')}
                                         </label>
                                         <Input
                                             id="password"
@@ -273,7 +275,7 @@ export default function Edit({ user, roles }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
 
                                     <div>
                                         <label htmlFor="password_confirmation" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
-                                            Confirmer le mot de passe
+                                            {t('administration.users.form.password_confirmation_opt')}
                                         </label>
                                         <Input
                                             id="password_confirmation"
@@ -293,17 +295,17 @@ export default function Edit({ user, roles }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
                                     <div className="h-9 w-9 rounded-lg bg-emerald-50 text-emerald-600 flex items-center justify-center">
                                         <Sparkles className="w-5 h-5" />
                                     </div>
-                                    <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">Profil</h2>
+                                    <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('administration.users.form.profile')}</h2>
                                 </div>
                                 <div>
                                     <label htmlFor="profile" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
-                                        Description du profil
+                                        {t('administration.users.form.profile_desc')}
                                     </label>
                                     <textarea
                                         id="profile"
                                         value={formData.profile}
                                         onChange={(e) => setFormData(prev => ({ ...prev, profile: e.target.value }))}
-                                        placeholder="Décrivez le profil de l'utilisateur..."
+                                        placeholder={t('administration.users.form.profile_ph')}
                                         rows={4}
                                         className="w-full px-3 py-2 border border-gray-200 bg-gray-50 rounded-md focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-blue-500 focus:bg-white"
                                     />
@@ -321,18 +323,18 @@ export default function Edit({ user, roles }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
                                     <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
                                         <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-indigo-700">
                                             <Users className="w-4 h-4" />
-                                            <p className="text-sm font-semibold">Rôles sélectionnés</p>
+                                            <p className="text-sm font-semibold">{t('administration.users.form.selected_roles')}</p>
                                         </div>
                                         <span className="inline-flex h-6 min-w-6 px-2 items-center justify-center rounded-full bg-indigo-600 text-white text-xs font-semibold">
                                             {formData.roles.length}
                                         </span>
                                     </div>
-                                    <p className="text-xs text-indigo-600 mt-2">Attribuez un ou plusieurs rôles selon les responsabilités.</p>
+                                    <p className="text-xs text-indigo-600 mt-2">{t('administration.users.form.roles_hint')}</p>
                                 </div>
 
                                 <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-2">
                                     <UserCheck className="w-5 h-5 text-indigo-600" />
-                                    Rôles
+                                    {t('administration.users.form.roles')}
                                 </h2>
                                 <div className="space-y-3">
                                     {roles.map((role) => (
@@ -373,7 +375,7 @@ export default function Edit({ user, roles }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
                             disabled={isSubmitting}
                             className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700 shadow-sm"
                         >
-                            {isSubmitting ? 'Mise à jour...' : 'Mettre à jour'}
+                            {isSubmitting ? t('administration.users.edit.updating') : t('administration.users.edit.submit')}
                         </Button>
                         <Button
                             type="button"
@@ -381,7 +383,7 @@ export default function Edit({ user, roles }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
                             className="border-gray-200 hover:bg-gray-50"
                             onClick={() => router.get(route('users.index'))}
                         >
-                            Annuler
+                            {t('administration.users.form.cancel')}
                         </Button>
                     </div>
                 </form>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Administration/Users/Index.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Administration/Users/Index.tsx
index 8f2f1d0b..441109cf 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Administration/Users/Index.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Administration/Users/Index.tsx
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ import {
     TableRow,
 } from '@/components/ui/table';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Role {
@@ -67,6 +68,7 @@ interface IndexProps {
 }
 
 export default function Index({ users, perPage, roles, message, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const [deleteConfirm, setDeleteConfirm] = useState<string | null>(null);
     const [isDeleting, setIsDeleting] = useState(false);
     const [searchQuery, setSearchQuery] = useState(filters.search || '');
@@ -98,16 +100,10 @@ export default function Index({ users, perPage, roles, message, filters }: Reado
     };
 
     const formatGenderLabel = (gender: string) => {
-        switch (gender) {
-            case 'male':
-                return 'Masculin';
-            case 'female':
-                return 'Féminin';
-            case 'other':
-                return 'Autre';
-            default:
-                return gender;
+        if (gender === 'male' || gender === 'female' || gender === 'other') {
+            return t('administration.users.gender.' + gender);
         }
+        return gender;
     };
 
     const handleDelete = (userId: string) => {
@@ -144,21 +140,21 @@ export default function Index({ users, perPage, roles, message, filters }: Reado
     // Stat Cards
     const statsCards = [
         {
-            title: 'Utilisateurs totaux',
+            title: t('administration.users.index.stat_total'),
             value: users.total,
             icon: Users,
             bgColor: 'bg-blue-50',
             textColor: 'text-blue-600',
         },
         {
-            title: 'Utilisateurs actifs',
+            title: t('administration.users.index.stat_active'),
             value: users.total,
             icon: CheckCircle2,
             bgColor: 'bg-green-50',
             textColor: 'text-green-600',
         },
         {
-            title: 'Page',
+            title: t('administration.users.index.stat_page'),
             value: `${users.current_page}/${users.last_page}`,
             icon: UserIcon,
             bgColor: 'bg-purple-50',
@@ -168,25 +164,25 @@ export default function Index({ users, perPage, roles, message, filters }: Reado
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Utilisateurs" />
+            <Head title={t('administration.users.index.head')} />
 
             <div className="space-y-6">
                 {/* Header avec titre et bouton */}
                 <div className="flex items-start justify-between">
                     <div>
                         <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3"><Users className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />
-                            Utilisateurs
+                            {t('administration.users.index.head')}
                         </h1>
                         <p className="mt-2 text-lg text-gray-600">
-                            Gérez les utilisateurs de l'application
+                            {t('administration.users.index.subtitle')}
                         </p>
                     </div>
-                    <Button 
+                    <Button
                         onClick={() => router.get(route('users.create'))}
                         className="gap-2 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700"
                     >
                         <Plus className="w-5 h-5" />
-                        Nouvel utilisateur
+                        {t('administration.users.index.new')}
                     </Button>
                 </div>
 
@@ -231,7 +227,7 @@ export default function Index({ users, perPage, roles, message, filters }: Reado
                                 <Search className="absolute left-3 top-1/2 -translate-y-1/2 w-5 h-5 text-blue-400 group-focus-within:text-blue-600 transition" />
                                 <Input
                                     type="text"
-                                    placeholder="Rechercher un utilisateur par nom, email ou matricule..."
+                                    placeholder={t('administration.users.index.search_ph')}
                                     value={searchQuery}
                                     onChange={(e) => setSearchQuery(e.target.value)}
                                     onKeyDown={(e) => e.key === 'Enter' && handleSearch()}
@@ -253,7 +249,7 @@ export default function Index({ users, perPage, roles, message, filters }: Reado
                                     onChange={(e) => setSelectedRole(e.target.value)}
                                     className="w-full h-10 px-3 border border-gray-200 rounded-md bg-gray-50 text-sm focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-blue-500 focus:border-blue-300"
                                 >
-                                    <option value="">Tous les rôles</option>
+                                    <option value="">{t('administration.users.index.all_roles')}</option>
                                     {roles.map((role) => (
                                         <option key={role.id} value={role.id}>
                                             {role.name}
@@ -268,10 +264,10 @@ export default function Index({ users, perPage, roles, message, filters }: Reado
                                     onChange={(e) => setSelectedGender(e.target.value)}
                                     className="w-full h-10 px-3 border border-gray-200 rounded-md bg-gray-50 text-sm focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-blue-500 focus:border-blue-300"
                                 >
-                                    <option value="">Tous les genres</option>
-                                    <option value="male">Masculin</option>
-                                    <option value="female">Féminin</option>
-                                    <option value="other">Autre</option>
+                                    <option value="">{t('administration.users.index.all_genders')}</option>
+                                    <option value="male">{t('administration.users.gender.male')}</option>
+                                    <option value="female">{t('administration.users.gender.female')}</option>
+                                    <option value="other">{t('administration.users.gender.other')}</option>
                                 </select>
                             </div>
 
@@ -280,7 +276,7 @@ export default function Index({ users, perPage, roles, message, filters }: Reado
                                 className="lg:col-span-1 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700 text-white gap-2 shrink-0 transition"
                             >
                                 <Search className="w-4 h-4" />
-                                Filtrer
+                                {t('administration.users.index.filter')}
                             </Button>
 
                             <Button
@@ -288,18 +284,18 @@ export default function Index({ users, perPage, roles, message, filters }: Reado
                                 onClick={handleResetFilters}
                                 className="lg:col-span-1 border-gray-300 text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-50"
                             >
-                                Réinitialiser
+                                {t('administration.users.index.reset')}
                             </Button>
                         </div>
 
                         {(searchQuery || selectedRole || selectedGender) && (
                             <p className="text-sm text-gray-500 mt-3">
-                                Filtres actifs
-                                {searchQuery && <span className="font-semibold text-gray-700"> • Recherche: « {searchQuery} »</span>}
-                                {selectedRole && <span className="font-semibold text-gray-700"> • Rôle sélectionné</span>}
+                                {t('administration.users.index.active_filters')}
+                                {searchQuery && <span className="font-semibold text-gray-700">{t('administration.users.index.filter_search', { search: searchQuery })}</span>}
+                                {selectedRole && <span className="font-semibold text-gray-700">{t('administration.users.index.filter_role')}</span>}
                                 {selectedGender && (
                                     <span className="font-semibold text-gray-700">
-                                        {' '}• Genre: {formatGenderLabel(selectedGender)}
+                                        {t('administration.users.index.filter_gender', { gender: formatGenderLabel(selectedGender) })}
                                     </span>
                                 )}
                             </p>
@@ -312,10 +308,10 @@ export default function Index({ users, perPage, roles, message, filters }: Reado
                     {/* Table header: count + per-page selector */}
                     <div className="flex items-center justify-between px-4 py-3 border-b border-gray-100">
                         <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">
-                            <span className="font-semibold">{users.total}</span> utilisateur(s)
+                            {t('administration.users.index.count', { count: users.total })}
                         </p>
                         <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-sm text-gray-600">
-                            <span>Lignes par page :</span>
+                            <span>{t('administration.users.index.per_page')}</span>
                             <select
                                 value={perPage}
                                 onChange={(e) => changePerPage(Number(e.target.value))}
@@ -331,12 +327,12 @@ export default function Index({ users, perPage, roles, message, filters }: Reado
                         <Table>
                             <TableHeader className="bg-gray-50">
                                 <TableRow className="border-b border-gray-200">
-                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Utilisateur</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Email</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Matricule</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Téléphone</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Rôles</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead className="text-center font-semibold text-gray-900 w-24">Actions</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('administration.users.index.col_user')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('administration.users.index.col_email')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('administration.users.index.col_matricule')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('administration.users.index.col_phone')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('administration.users.index.col_roles')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="text-center font-semibold text-gray-900 w-24">{t('administration.users.index.col_actions')}</TableHead>
                                 </TableRow>
                             </TableHeader>
                             <TableBody>
@@ -348,7 +344,7 @@ export default function Index({ users, perPage, roles, message, filters }: Reado
                                         >
                                             <div className="flex flex-col items-center gap-2">
                                                 <Users className="w-12 h-12 text-gray-300" />
-                                                <p className="text-lg">Aucun utilisateur trouvé</p>
+                                                <p className="text-lg">{t('administration.users.index.empty')}</p>
                                             </div>
                                         </TableCell>
                                     </TableRow>
@@ -387,26 +383,26 @@ export default function Index({ users, perPage, roles, message, filters }: Reado
                                                             </span>
                                                         ))
                                                     ) : (
-                                                        <span className="text-gray-400 text-sm">Aucun rôle</span>
+                                                        <span className="text-gray-400 text-sm">{t('administration.users.index.no_role')}</span>
                                                     )}
                                                 </div>
                                             </TableCell>
                                             <TableCell className="text-center">
                                                 <div className="flex gap-2 justify-center">
                                                     <IconButton
-                                                        label="Voir"
+                                                        label={t('administration.users.index.view')}
                                                         icon={<Eye className="w-4 h-4" />}
                                                         className="border-gray-300 text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-50 hover:text-gray-900"
                                                         onClick={() => router.visit(route('users.show', user.id))}
                                                     />
                                                     <IconButton
-                                                        label="Modifier"
+                                                        label={t('administration.users.index.edit')}
                                                         icon={<Pencil className="w-4 h-4" />}
                                                         className="border-gray-300 text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-50 hover:text-gray-900"
                                                         onClick={() => router.get(route('users.edit', user.id))}
                                                     />
                                                     <IconButton
-                                                        label="Supprimer"
+                                                        label={t('administration.users.index.delete')}
                                                         icon={<Trash2 className="w-4 h-4" />}
                                                         className="border-red-300 text-red-600 hover:bg-red-50 hover:text-red-700"
                                                         onClick={() => setDeleteConfirm(user.id)}
@@ -425,7 +421,7 @@ export default function Index({ users, perPage, roles, message, filters }: Reado
                 {users.last_page > 1 && (
                     <div className="flex items-center justify-between bg-white rounded-lg p-4 shadow-sm">
                         <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">
-                            {users.from}–{users.to} sur <span className="font-semibold">{users.total}</span> utilisateurs
+                            {t('administration.users.index.range', { from: users.from, to: users.to, total: users.total })}
                         </p>
                         <div className="flex items-center gap-1">
                             <Button variant="outline" size="sm" className="border-gray-300 text-gray-700 px-2"
@@ -464,19 +460,19 @@ export default function Index({ users, perPage, roles, message, filters }: Reado
             <AlertDialog open={!!deleteConfirm} onOpenChange={() => setDeleteConfirm(null)}>
                 <AlertDialogContent>
                     <AlertDialogHeader>
-                        <AlertDialogTitle>Supprimer l'utilisateur</AlertDialogTitle>
+                        <AlertDialogTitle>{t('administration.users.index.delete_title')}</AlertDialogTitle>
                         <AlertDialogDescription>
-                            Êtes-vous sûr de vouloir supprimer cet utilisateur ? Cette action est irréversible.
+                            {t('administration.users.index.delete_desc')}
                         </AlertDialogDescription>
                     </AlertDialogHeader>
                     <div className="flex gap-3 justify-end">
-                        <AlertDialogCancel>Annuler</AlertDialogCancel>
+                        <AlertDialogCancel>{t('administration.users.index.cancel')}</AlertDialogCancel>
                         <AlertDialogAction
                             onClick={() => deleteConfirm && handleDelete(deleteConfirm)}
                             disabled={isDeleting}
                             className="bg-red-600 hover:bg-red-700"
                         >
-                            {isDeleting ? 'Suppression...' : 'Supprimer'}
+                            {isDeleting ? t('administration.users.index.deleting') : t('administration.users.index.delete')}
                         </AlertDialogAction>
                     </div>
                 </AlertDialogContent>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Administration/Users/PayrollSection.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Administration/Users/PayrollSection.tsx
index 3eedcf83..a874f2f9 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Administration/Users/PayrollSection.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Administration/Users/PayrollSection.tsx
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import {
 import { EmployeeForm, type EmployeeFormData, type ContractType, type SalaryGradeOption } from '@/components/Employees/employee-form';
 import { useMoney } from '@/helpers/money';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 
 export interface Allowance {
     id: string;
@@ -63,12 +64,16 @@ interface Props {
     canManage: boolean;
 }
 
-const CONTRACT_LABELS: Record<string, string> = { CDI: 'CDI', CDD: 'CDD', VACATAIRE: 'Vacataire', STAGIAIRE: 'Stagiaire' };
-const STATUS_LABELS: Record<string, string> = { active: 'Actif', suspended: 'Suspendu', terminated: 'Sorti des effectifs' };
-const METHOD_LABELS: Record<string, string> = { CASH: 'Espèces', MOBILE_MONEY: 'Mobile Money', BANK_TRANSFER: 'Virement', CHEQUE: 'Chèque' };
+const CONTRACT_KEYS: Record<string, string> = { CDI: 'contract_cdi', CDD: 'contract_cdd', VACATAIRE: 'contract_vacataire', STAGIAIRE: 'contract_stagiaire' };
+const STATUS_KEYS: Record<string, string> = { active: 'status_active', suspended: 'status_suspended', terminated: 'status_terminated' };
+const METHOD_KEYS: Record<string, string> = { CASH: 'method_cash', MOBILE_MONEY: 'method_mobile_money', BANK_TRANSFER: 'method_bank_transfer', CHEQUE: 'method_cheque' };
 
 export default function PayrollSection({ userId, userName, profile, contractTypes, salaryGrades, canManage }: Readonly<Props>) {
     const fmt = useMoney();
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
+    const contractLabel = (v: string) => CONTRACT_KEYS[v] ? t('administration.users.payroll.' + CONTRACT_KEYS[v]) : v;
+    const statusLabel = (v: string) => STATUS_KEYS[v] ? t('administration.users.payroll.' + STATUS_KEYS[v]) : v;
+    const methodLabel = (v: string) => METHOD_KEYS[v] ? t('administration.users.payroll.' + METHOD_KEYS[v]) : v;
     const [editing, setEditing] = useState(false);
     const [confirmDelete, setConfirmDelete] = useState(false);
     const [deletingAllowance, setDeletingAllowance] = useState<string | null>(null);
@@ -110,7 +115,7 @@ export default function PayrollSection({ userId, userName, profile, contractType
         return (
             <div className="bg-white rounded-lg border p-6">
                 <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-4 flex items-center gap-2">
-                    <Briefcase className="w-5 h-5 text-blue-600" /> Profil paie / RH
+                    <Briefcase className="w-5 h-5 text-blue-600" /> {t('administration.users.payroll.title')}
                 </h2>
                 <EmployeeForm
                     mode="edit"
@@ -133,38 +138,38 @@ export default function PayrollSection({ userId, userName, profile, contractType
             <div>
                 <div className="flex items-center justify-between mb-4">
                     <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-2">
-                        <Briefcase className="w-5 h-5 text-blue-600" /> Profil paie / RH
+                        <Briefcase className="w-5 h-5 text-blue-600" /> {t('administration.users.payroll.title')}
                     </h2>
                     {canManage && profile && (
                         <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
-                            <Button size="sm" variant="outline" className="gap-1.5" onClick={() => setEditing(true)}><Pencil className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> Modifier</Button>
-                            <Button size="sm" variant="outline" className="gap-1.5 text-red-600 border-red-200 hover:bg-red-50" onClick={() => setConfirmDelete(true)}><Trash2 className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> Retirer</Button>
+                            <Button size="sm" variant="outline" className="gap-1.5" onClick={() => setEditing(true)}><Pencil className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> {t('administration.users.payroll.edit')}</Button>
+                            <Button size="sm" variant="outline" className="gap-1.5 text-red-600 border-red-200 hover:bg-red-50" onClick={() => setConfirmDelete(true)}><Trash2 className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> {t('administration.users.payroll.remove')}</Button>
                         </div>
                     )}
                 </div>
 
                 {!profile ? (
                     <div className="text-center py-6">
-                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-500">Cet utilisateur n'a pas encore de profil paie.</p>
+                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-500">{t('administration.users.payroll.no_profile')}</p>
                         {canManage && (
                             <Button className="mt-3 gap-2 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700" onClick={() => setEditing(true)}>
-                                <Plus className="w-4 h-4" /> Ajouter à la paie
+                                <Plus className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('administration.users.payroll.add')}
                             </Button>
                         )}
                     </div>
                 ) : (
                     <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-4">
-                        <div><p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Matricule employé</p><p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">{profile.employee_number ?? '—'}</p></div>
-                        <div><p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Poste</p><p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">{profile.job_title}{profile.department ? ` — ${profile.department}` : ''}</p></div>
-                        <div><p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Contrat</p><p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">{CONTRACT_LABELS[profile.contract_type] ?? profile.contract_type}</p></div>
-                        <div><p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Statut</p><p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">{STATUS_LABELS[profile.status] ?? profile.status}</p></div>
+                        <div><p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('administration.users.payroll.employee_number')}</p><p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">{profile.employee_number ?? '—'}</p></div>
+                        <div><p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('administration.users.payroll.job')}</p><p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">{profile.job_title}{profile.department ? ` — ${profile.department}` : ''}</p></div>
+                        <div><p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('administration.users.payroll.contract')}</p><p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">{contractLabel(profile.contract_type)}</p></div>
+                        <div><p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('administration.users.payroll.status')}</p><p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">{statusLabel(profile.status)}</p></div>
                         <div>
-                            <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Grille / salaire de base</p>
+                            <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('administration.users.payroll.grade_base')}</p>
                             <p className="font-semibold text-gray-900 mt-1">{fmt(effectiveBase)}</p>
-                            <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">{profile.salary_grade ? profile.salary_grade.name : 'Hors grille (saisi manuellement)'}</p>
+                            <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">{profile.salary_grade ? profile.salary_grade.name : t('administration.users.payroll.off_grade')}</p>
                         </div>
-                        <div><p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Paiement</p><p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">{METHOD_LABELS[profile.payment_method] ?? profile.payment_method}</p></div>
-                        {profile.cnss_number && <div><p className="text-sm text-gray-600">N° CNSS</p><p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">{profile.cnss_number}</p></div>}
+                        <div><p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('administration.users.payroll.payment')}</p><p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">{methodLabel(profile.payment_method)}</p></div>
+                        {profile.cnss_number && <div><p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('administration.users.payroll.cnss')}</p><p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">{profile.cnss_number}</p></div>}
                     </div>
                 )}
             </div>
@@ -172,10 +177,10 @@ export default function PayrollSection({ userId, userName, profile, contractType
             {/* Primes & retenues tracées */}
             {profile && (
                 <div className="border-t pt-5">
-                    <h3 className="text-sm font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-3">Primes &amp; retenues de l'employé</h3>
+                    <h3 className="text-sm font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-3">{t('administration.users.payroll.allowances')}</h3>
 
                     {(profile.allowances?.length ?? 0) === 0 ? (
-                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-400">Aucune prime ou retenue récurrente.</p>
+                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-400">{t('administration.users.payroll.no_allowance')}</p>
                     ) : (
                         <div className="divide-y divide-slate-100 mb-3">
                             {profile.allowances!.map(a => (
@@ -187,15 +192,15 @@ export default function PayrollSection({ userId, userName, profile, contractType
                                         <span className="min-w-0">
                                             <span className="font-medium text-gray-900">{a.label}</span>
                                             {a.reason && <span className="text-gray-400"> — {a.reason}</span>}
-                                            {a.created_by && <span className="block text-xs text-gray-400">ajouté par {a.created_by.firstname} {a.created_by.lastname}</span>}
+                                            {a.created_by && <span className="block text-xs text-gray-400">{t('administration.users.payroll.added_by', { name: `${a.created_by.firstname} ${a.created_by.lastname}` })}</span>}
                                         </span>
                                     </span>
                                     <span className="flex items-center gap-3 shrink-0">
                                         <span className={`font-semibold ${a.type === 'deduction' ? 'text-red-600' : 'text-emerald-600'}`}>
-                                            {a.type === 'deduction' ? '− ' : '+ '}{a.mode === 'percent_base' ? `${a.amount}% du base` : fmt(a.amount)}
+                                            {a.type === 'deduction' ? '− ' : '+ '}{a.mode === 'percent_base' ? t('administration.users.payroll.percent_base', { amount: a.amount }) : fmt(a.amount)}
                                         </span>
                                         {canManage && (
-                                            <button onClick={() => setDeletingAllowance(a.id)} className="p-1.5 rounded-lg text-gray-400 hover:text-red-600 hover:bg-red-50" aria-label="Supprimer"><Trash2 className="w-4 h-4" /></button>
+                                            <button onClick={() => setDeletingAllowance(a.id)} className="p-1.5 rounded-lg text-gray-400 hover:text-red-600 hover:bg-red-50" aria-label={t('administration.users.payroll.delete')}><Trash2 className="w-4 h-4" /></button>
                                         )}
                                     </span>
                                 </div>
@@ -206,39 +211,39 @@ export default function PayrollSection({ userId, userName, profile, contractType
                     {canManage && (
                         <form onSubmit={addAllowance} className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-6 gap-2 items-end bg-slate-50 rounded-lg p-3">
                             <div className="md:col-span-2">
-                                <label className="block text-xs font-medium text-gray-600 mb-1">Libellé</label>
-                                <Input value={allowanceForm.data.label} onChange={e => allowanceForm.setData('label', e.target.value)} placeholder="Ex: Prime de responsabilité" className={allowanceForm.errors.label ? 'border-red-500' : ''} />
+                                <label className="block text-xs font-medium text-gray-600 mb-1">{t('administration.users.payroll.label')}</label>
+                                <Input value={allowanceForm.data.label} onChange={e => allowanceForm.setData('label', e.target.value)} placeholder={t('administration.users.payroll.label_ph')} className={allowanceForm.errors.label ? 'border-red-500' : ''} />
                             </div>
                             <div>
-                                <label className="block text-xs font-medium text-gray-600 mb-1">Type</label>
+                                <label className="block text-xs font-medium text-gray-600 mb-1">{t('administration.users.payroll.type')}</label>
                                 <Select value={allowanceForm.data.type} onValueChange={v => allowanceForm.setData('type', v)}>
                                     <SelectTrigger><SelectValue /></SelectTrigger>
                                     <SelectContent>
-                                        <SelectItem value="earning">Gain</SelectItem>
-                                        <SelectItem value="deduction">Retenue</SelectItem>
+                                        <SelectItem value="earning">{t('administration.users.payroll.type_earning')}</SelectItem>
+                                        <SelectItem value="deduction">{t('administration.users.payroll.type_deduction')}</SelectItem>
                                     </SelectContent>
                                 </Select>
                             </div>
                             <div>
-                                <label className="block text-xs font-medium text-gray-600 mb-1">Mode</label>
+                                <label className="block text-xs font-medium text-gray-600 mb-1">{t('administration.users.payroll.mode')}</label>
                                 <Select value={allowanceForm.data.mode} onValueChange={v => allowanceForm.setData('mode', v)}>
                                     <SelectTrigger><SelectValue /></SelectTrigger>
                                     <SelectContent>
-                                        <SelectItem value="fixed">Montant fixe</SelectItem>
-                                        <SelectItem value="percent_base">% du base</SelectItem>
+                                        <SelectItem value="fixed">{t('administration.users.payroll.mode_fixed')}</SelectItem>
+                                        <SelectItem value="percent_base">{t('administration.users.payroll.mode_percent')}</SelectItem>
                                     </SelectContent>
                                 </Select>
                             </div>
                             <div>
-                                <label className="block text-xs font-medium text-gray-600 mb-1">{allowanceForm.data.mode === 'percent_base' ? 'Pourcentage' : 'Montant'}</label>
+                                <label className="block text-xs font-medium text-gray-600 mb-1">{allowanceForm.data.mode === 'percent_base' ? t('administration.users.payroll.percentage') : t('administration.users.payroll.amount')}</label>
                                 <Input type="number" min={0} value={allowanceForm.data.amount} onChange={e => allowanceForm.setData('amount', e.target.value)} className={allowanceForm.errors.amount ? 'border-red-500' : ''} />
                             </div>
                             <div className="md:col-span-5">
-                                <label className="block text-xs font-medium text-gray-600 mb-1">Motif (traçabilité)</label>
-                                <Input value={allowanceForm.data.reason} onChange={e => allowanceForm.setData('reason', e.target.value)} placeholder="Ex: Chef de département depuis septembre" />
+                                <label className="block text-xs font-medium text-gray-600 mb-1">{t('administration.users.payroll.reason')}</label>
+                                <Input value={allowanceForm.data.reason} onChange={e => allowanceForm.setData('reason', e.target.value)} placeholder={t('administration.users.payroll.reason_ph')} />
                             </div>
                             <div>
-                                <Button type="submit" disabled={allowanceForm.processing} className="gap-1.5 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700 w-full"><Plus className="w-4 h-4" /> Ajouter</Button>
+                                <Button type="submit" disabled={allowanceForm.processing} className="gap-1.5 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700 w-full"><Plus className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('administration.users.payroll.add_btn')}</Button>
                             </div>
                         </form>
                     )}
@@ -248,14 +253,14 @@ export default function PayrollSection({ userId, userName, profile, contractType
             <AlertDialog open={confirmDelete} onOpenChange={setConfirmDelete}>
                 <AlertDialogContent>
                     <AlertDialogHeader>
-                        <AlertDialogTitle>Retirer de la paie ?</AlertDialogTitle>
-                        <AlertDialogDescription>Le profil paie sera supprimé. Impossible si l'employé a déjà des bulletins.</AlertDialogDescription>
+                        <AlertDialogTitle>{t('administration.users.payroll.remove_title')}</AlertDialogTitle>
+                        <AlertDialogDescription>{t('administration.users.payroll.remove_desc')}</AlertDialogDescription>
                     </AlertDialogHeader>
                     <div className="flex justify-end gap-2">
-                        <AlertDialogCancel>Annuler</AlertDialogCancel>
+                        <AlertDialogCancel>{t('administration.users.payroll.cancel')}</AlertDialogCancel>
                         <AlertDialogAction className="bg-red-600 hover:bg-red-700" onClick={() => {
                             router.delete(route('users.payroll.destroy', userId), { preserveScroll: true, onFinish: () => setConfirmDelete(false) });
-                        }}>Retirer</AlertDialogAction>
+                        }}>{t('administration.users.payroll.remove')}</AlertDialogAction>
                     </div>
                 </AlertDialogContent>
             </AlertDialog>
@@ -263,14 +268,14 @@ export default function PayrollSection({ userId, userName, profile, contractType
             <AlertDialog open={!!deletingAllowance} onOpenChange={() => setDeletingAllowance(null)}>
                 <AlertDialogContent>
                     <AlertDialogHeader>
-                        <AlertDialogTitle>Supprimer cette prime / retenue ?</AlertDialogTitle>
-                        <AlertDialogDescription>Elle ne s'appliquera plus aux prochains bulletins. Les bulletins déjà générés ne sont pas affectés.</AlertDialogDescription>
+                        <AlertDialogTitle>{t('administration.users.payroll.delete_allowance_title')}</AlertDialogTitle>
+                        <AlertDialogDescription>{t('administration.users.payroll.delete_allowance_desc')}</AlertDialogDescription>
                     </AlertDialogHeader>
                     <div className="flex justify-end gap-2">
-                        <AlertDialogCancel>Annuler</AlertDialogCancel>
+                        <AlertDialogCancel>{t('administration.users.payroll.cancel')}</AlertDialogCancel>
                         <AlertDialogAction className="bg-red-600 hover:bg-red-700" onClick={() => {
                             if (deletingAllowance) router.delete(route('employee-allowances.destroy', deletingAllowance), { preserveScroll: true, onFinish: () => setDeletingAllowance(null) });
-                        }}>Supprimer</AlertDialogAction>
+                        }}>{t('administration.users.payroll.delete')}</AlertDialogAction>
                     </div>
                 </AlertDialogContent>
             </AlertDialog>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Administration/Users/Show.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Administration/Users/Show.tsx
index 360b6e36..c87a8615 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Administration/Users/Show.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Administration/Users/Show.tsx
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import { ArrowLeft, Calendar, Mail, MapPin, Phone, User as UserIcon, Shield, Boo
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { useMoney } from '@/helpers/money';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 import PayrollSection, { type EmployeeProfile } from './PayrollSection';
 import { type ContractType, type SalaryGradeOption } from '@/components/Employees/employee-form';
@@ -25,13 +26,11 @@ interface Slot {
     classroom?: { id: string; name: string } | null;
 }
 
-const DAYS = ['', 'Lundi', 'Mardi', 'Mercredi', 'Jeudi', 'Vendredi', 'Samedi', 'Dimanche'];
-const MONTHS_SHORT = ['', 'janv.', 'févr.', 'mars', 'avr.', 'mai', 'juin', 'juil.', 'août', 'sept.', 'oct.', 'nov.', 'déc.'];
-const PAY_STATUS: Record<string, { label: string; cls: string }> = {
-    draft:     { label: 'Brouillon', cls: 'bg-gray-100 text-gray-600' },
-    validated: { label: 'Validé',    cls: 'bg-blue-100 text-blue-700' },
-    paid:      { label: 'Payé',      cls: 'bg-green-100 text-green-700' },
-    cancelled: { label: 'Annulé',    cls: 'bg-red-100 text-red-600' },
+const PAY_STATUS_CLS: Record<string, string> = {
+    draft:     'bg-gray-100 text-gray-600',
+    validated: 'bg-blue-100 text-blue-700',
+    paid:      'bg-green-100 text-green-700',
+    cancelled: 'bg-red-100 text-red-600',
 };
 
 interface Permission {
@@ -76,6 +75,10 @@ interface ShowProps {
 
 export default function Show({ user, activeYear, contractTypes, salaryGrades, canManagePayroll }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
     const fmt = useMoney();
+    const { t, locale } = useTranslation();
+    const dateLocale = locale === 'en' ? 'en-GB' : 'fr-FR';
+    const DAYS = ['', ...Array.from({ length: 7 }, (_, i) => t('administration.users.days.' + (i + 1)))];
+    const MONTHS_SHORT = ['', ...Array.from({ length: 12 }, (_, i) => t('administration.users.months_short.' + (i + 1)))];
     const yearBadge = activeYear
         ? <span className="ml-2 text-xs font-medium px-2 py-0.5 rounded-full bg-blue-50 text-blue-600">{activeYear}</span>
         : null;
@@ -84,15 +87,15 @@ export default function Show({ user, activeYear, contractTypes, salaryGrades, ca
     const payslips = user.employee_profile?.payslips ?? [];
 
     const formatGender = (gender: string) => {
-        if (gender === 'M' || gender === 'male') return 'Masculin';
-        if (gender === 'F' || gender === 'female') return 'Féminin';
-        if (gender === 'O' || gender === 'other') return 'Autre';
+        if (gender === 'M' || gender === 'male') return t('administration.users.gender.male');
+        if (gender === 'F' || gender === 'female') return t('administration.users.gender.female');
+        if (gender === 'O' || gender === 'other') return t('administration.users.gender.other');
         return gender;
     };
 
     const formatDate = (date: string | null) => {
-        if (!date) return 'Non renseigné';
-        return new Date(date).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR', {
+        if (!date) return t('administration.users.show.not_provided');
+        return new Date(date).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale, {
             year: 'numeric',
             month: 'long',
             day: 'numeric'
@@ -133,7 +136,7 @@ export default function Show({ user, activeYear, contractTypes, salaryGrades, ca
                         onClick={() => router.get(route('users.edit', user.id))}
                         className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700"
                     >
-                        Modifier
+                        {t('administration.users.show.edit')}
                     </Button>
                 </div>
 
@@ -144,19 +147,19 @@ export default function Show({ user, activeYear, contractTypes, salaryGrades, ca
                         <div className="bg-white rounded-lg border p-6">
                             <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-4 flex items-center gap-2">
                                 <UserIcon className="w-5 h-5 text-blue-600" />
-                                Informations personnelles
+                                {t('administration.users.show.personal_info')}
                             </h2>
                             <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-4">
                                 <div>
-                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Prénom</p>
+                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('administration.users.show.firstname')}</p>
                                     <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">{user.firstname}</p>
                                 </div>
                                 <div>
-                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Nom</p>
+                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('administration.users.show.lastname')}</p>
                                     <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">{user.lastname}</p>
                                 </div>
                                 <div>
-                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Genre</p>
+                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('administration.users.show.gender')}</p>
                                     <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">
                                         {formatGender(user.gender)}
                                     </p>
@@ -164,7 +167,7 @@ export default function Show({ user, activeYear, contractTypes, salaryGrades, ca
                                 <div>
                                     <p className="text-sm text-gray-600 flex items-center gap-1">
                                         <Calendar className="w-4 h-4" />
-                                        Date de naissance
+                                        {t('administration.users.show.birth_date')}
                                     </p>
                                     <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">{formatDate(user.birth_date)}</p>
                                 </div>
@@ -175,32 +178,32 @@ export default function Show({ user, activeYear, contractTypes, salaryGrades, ca
                         <div className="bg-white rounded-lg border p-6">
                             <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-4 flex items-center gap-2">
                                 <Mail className="w-5 h-5 text-blue-600" />
-                                Coordonnées
+                                {t('administration.users.show.contact')}
                             </h2>
                             <div className="space-y-4">
                                 <div>
                                     <p className="text-sm text-gray-600 flex items-center gap-1">
                                         <Mail className="w-4 h-4" />
-                                        Email
+                                        {t('administration.users.show.email')}
                                     </p>
                                     <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">{user.email}</p>
                                 </div>
                                 <div>
                                     <p className="text-sm text-gray-600 flex items-center gap-1">
                                         <Phone className="w-4 h-4" />
-                                        Téléphone
+                                        {t('administration.users.show.phone')}
                                     </p>
                                     <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">
-                                        {user.telephone || 'Non renseigné'}
+                                        {user.telephone || t('administration.users.show.not_provided')}
                                     </p>
                                 </div>
                                 <div>
                                     <p className="text-sm text-gray-600 flex items-center gap-1">
                                         <MapPin className="w-4 h-4" />
-                                        Adresse
+                                        {t('administration.users.show.address')}
                                     </p>
                                     <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">
-                                        {user.address || 'Non renseignée'}
+                                        {user.address || t('administration.users.show.not_provided_f')}
                                     </p>
                                 </div>
                             </div>
@@ -222,19 +225,19 @@ export default function Show({ user, activeYear, contractTypes, salaryGrades, ca
                         <div className="bg-white rounded-lg border p-6">
                             <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-4 flex items-center gap-2">
                                 <BookOpen className="w-5 h-5 text-blue-600" />
-                                Affectations matières ({affectations.length}){yearBadge}
+                                {t('administration.users.show.assignments', { count: affectations.length })}{yearBadge}
                             </h2>
                             {affectations.length === 0 ? (
-                                <p className="text-gray-500 text-sm">Aucune affectation de matière.</p>
+                                <p className="text-gray-500 text-sm">{t('administration.users.show.no_assignment')}</p>
                             ) : (
                                 <div className="overflow-x-auto">
                                     <table className="w-full text-sm">
                                         <thead>
                                             <tr className="border-b border-gray-100 text-left text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 uppercase">
-                                                <th className="py-2 pr-4">Matière</th>
-                                                <th className="py-2 pr-4">Classe</th>
-                                                <th className="py-2 pr-4">Année</th>
-                                                <th className="py-2">Statut</th>
+                                                <th className="py-2 pr-4">{t('administration.users.show.col_subject')}</th>
+                                                <th className="py-2 pr-4">{t('administration.users.show.col_class')}</th>
+                                                <th className="py-2 pr-4">{t('administration.users.show.col_year')}</th>
+                                                <th className="py-2">{t('administration.users.show.col_status')}</th>
                                             </tr>
                                         </thead>
                                         <tbody className="divide-y divide-gray-50">
@@ -245,8 +248,8 @@ export default function Show({ user, activeYear, contractTypes, salaryGrades, ca
                                                     <td className="py-2 pr-4 text-gray-600">{a.academic_year?.year ?? '—'}</td>
                                                     <td className="py-2">
                                                         {a.active
-                                                            ? <span className="text-xs font-medium px-2 py-0.5 rounded-full bg-green-100 text-green-700">Active</span>
-                                                            : <span className="text-xs font-medium px-2 py-0.5 rounded-full bg-gray-100 text-gray-500">Inactive</span>}
+                                                            ? <span className="text-xs font-medium px-2 py-0.5 rounded-full bg-green-100 text-green-700">{t('administration.users.show.active')}</span>
+                                                            : <span className="text-xs font-medium px-2 py-0.5 rounded-full bg-gray-100 text-gray-500">{t('administration.users.show.inactive')}</span>}
                                                     </td>
                                                 </tr>
                                             ))}
@@ -260,20 +263,20 @@ export default function Show({ user, activeYear, contractTypes, salaryGrades, ca
                         <div className="bg-white rounded-lg border p-6">
                             <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-4 flex items-center gap-2">
                                 <CalendarRange className="w-5 h-5 text-blue-600" />
-                                Emploi du temps ({slots.length}){yearBadge}
+                                {t('administration.users.show.timetable', { count: slots.length })}{yearBadge}
                             </h2>
                             {slots.length === 0 ? (
-                                <p className="text-gray-500 text-sm">Aucun créneau assigné.</p>
+                                <p className="text-gray-500 text-sm">{t('administration.users.show.no_slot')}</p>
                             ) : (
                                 <div className="overflow-x-auto">
                                     <table className="w-full text-sm">
                                         <thead>
                                             <tr className="border-b border-gray-100 text-left text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 uppercase">
-                                                <th className="py-2 pr-4">Jour</th>
-                                                <th className="py-2 pr-4">Créneau</th>
-                                                <th className="py-2 pr-4">Matière</th>
-                                                <th className="py-2 pr-4">Classe</th>
-                                                <th className="py-2">Salle</th>
+                                                <th className="py-2 pr-4">{t('administration.users.show.col_day')}</th>
+                                                <th className="py-2 pr-4">{t('administration.users.show.col_slot')}</th>
+                                                <th className="py-2 pr-4">{t('administration.users.show.col_subject')}</th>
+                                                <th className="py-2 pr-4">{t('administration.users.show.col_class')}</th>
+                                                <th className="py-2">{t('administration.users.show.col_room')}</th>
                                             </tr>
                                         </thead>
                                         <tbody className="divide-y divide-gray-50">
@@ -297,14 +300,14 @@ export default function Show({ user, activeYear, contractTypes, salaryGrades, ca
                             <div className="bg-white rounded-lg border p-6">
                                 <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-4 flex items-center gap-2">
                                     <Receipt className="w-5 h-5 text-blue-600" />
-                                    Derniers bulletins de paie ({payslips.length})
+                                    {t('administration.users.show.payslips', { count: payslips.length })}
                                 </h2>
                                 {payslips.length === 0 ? (
-                                    <p className="text-gray-500 text-sm">Aucun bulletin généré.</p>
+                                    <p className="text-gray-500 text-sm">{t('administration.users.show.no_payslip')}</p>
                                 ) : (
                                     <div className="divide-y divide-gray-50">
                                         {payslips.map(p => {
-                                            const st = p.pay_run ? (PAY_STATUS[p.pay_run.status] ?? PAY_STATUS.draft) : null;
+                                            const stCls = p.pay_run ? (PAY_STATUS_CLS[p.pay_run.status] ?? PAY_STATUS_CLS.draft) : null;
                                             return (
                                                 <div key={p.id} className="flex items-center justify-between gap-3 py-2.5 text-sm">
                                                     <div className="min-w-0">
@@ -314,9 +317,9 @@ export default function Show({ user, activeYear, contractTypes, salaryGrades, ca
                                                         <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">{p.reference}</p>
                                                     </div>
                                                     <div className="flex items-center gap-3 shrink-0">
-                                                        {st && <span className={`text-xs font-medium px-2 py-0.5 rounded-full ${st.cls}`}>{st.label}</span>}
+                                                        {stCls && p.pay_run && <span className={`text-xs font-medium px-2 py-0.5 rounded-full ${stCls}`}>{t('administration.users.pay_status.' + p.pay_run.status)}</span>}
                                                         <span className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{fmt(p.net)}</span>
-                                                        <a href={route('payslips.pdf', p.id)} className="p-1.5 rounded-lg text-gray-400 hover:text-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-50" aria-label="Télécharger">
+                                                        <a href={route('payslips.pdf', p.id)} className="p-1.5 rounded-lg text-gray-400 hover:text-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-50" aria-label={t('administration.users.show.download')}>
                                                             <FileDown className="w-4 h-4" />
                                                         </a>
                                                     </div>
@@ -331,26 +334,26 @@ export default function Show({ user, activeYear, contractTypes, salaryGrades, ca
                         {/* Profil */}
                         {user.profile && (
                             <div className="bg-white rounded-lg border p-6">
-                                <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-4">Profil</h2>
+                                <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-4">{t('administration.users.show.profile')}</h2>
                                 <p className="text-gray-700 whitespace-pre-wrap">{user.profile}</p>
                             </div>
                         )}
 
                         {/* Timeline */}
                         <div className="bg-white rounded-lg border p-6">
-                            <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-4">Historique</h2>
+                            <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-4">{t('administration.users.show.history')}</h2>
                             <div className="space-y-3">
                                 <div className="flex items-start gap-3">
                                     <div className="w-2 h-2 bg-blue-600 rounded-full mt-2"></div>
                                     <div>
-                                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Créé le</p>
+                                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('administration.users.show.created_on')}</p>
                                         <p className="font-medium text-gray-900">{formatDate(user.created_at)}</p>
                                     </div>
                                 </div>
                                 <div className="flex items-start gap-3">
                                     <div className="w-2 h-2 bg-gray-400 rounded-full mt-2"></div>
                                     <div>
-                                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Dernière modification</p>
+                                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('administration.users.show.updated_on')}</p>
                                         <p className="font-medium text-gray-900">{formatDate(user.updated_at)}</p>
                                     </div>
                                 </div>
@@ -364,7 +367,7 @@ export default function Show({ user, activeYear, contractTypes, salaryGrades, ca
                         <div className="bg-white rounded-lg border p-6">
                             <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-4 flex items-center gap-2">
                                 <Shield className="w-5 h-5 text-blue-600" />
-                                Rôles ({user.roles.length})
+                                {t('administration.users.show.roles', { count: user.roles.length })}
                             </h2>
                             {user.roles.length > 0 ? (
                                 <div className="space-y-2">
@@ -378,7 +381,7 @@ export default function Show({ user, activeYear, contractTypes, salaryGrades, ca
                                     ))}
                                 </div>
                             ) : (
-                                <p className="text-gray-500 text-sm">Aucun rôle attribué</p>
+                                <p className="text-gray-500 text-sm">{t('administration.users.show.no_role')}</p>
                             )}
                         </div>
 
@@ -386,7 +389,7 @@ export default function Show({ user, activeYear, contractTypes, salaryGrades, ca
                         {user.roles.length > 0 && (
                             <div className="bg-white rounded-lg border p-6">
                                 <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-4">
-                                    Permissions
+                                    {t('administration.users.show.permissions')}
                                 </h2>
                                 <div className="space-y-4">
                                     {user.roles.map((role) => (
@@ -402,7 +405,7 @@ export default function Show({ user, activeYear, contractTypes, salaryGrades, ca
                                                     ))}
                                                 </div>
                                             ) : (
-                                                <p className="text-gray-500 text-sm ml-4">Aucune permission</p>
+                                                <p className="text-gray-500 text-sm ml-4">{t('administration.users.show.no_permission')}</p>
                                             )}
                                         </div>
                                     ))}
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Archives/Index.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Archives/Index.tsx
index 1bd43597..68b18e7a 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Archives/Index.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Archives/Index.tsx
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { Select, SelectContent, SelectItem, SelectTrigger, SelectValue } from '@/components/ui/select';
 import { Table, TableBody, TableCell, TableHead, TableHeader, TableRow } from '@/components/ui/table';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Tag { id: string; name: string; color: string; }
@@ -39,6 +40,7 @@ const ALL = 'all';
 const fmtSize = (b: number) => b > 1048576 ? `${(b / 1048576).toFixed(1)} Mo` : `${Math.max(1, Math.round(b / 1024))} Ko`;
 
 export default function Index({ documents, tags, categories, classrooms, filters, stats }: Readonly<Props>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const [search, setSearch] = useState(filters.search || '');
     const [category, setCategory] = useState(filters.category || ALL);
     const [selectedTags, setSelectedTags] = useState<string[]>(filters.tags || []);
@@ -55,7 +57,7 @@ export default function Index({ documents, tags, categories, classrooms, filters
     };
 
     const toggleTag = (id: string) => {
-        const next = selectedTags.includes(id) ? selectedTags.filter(t => t !== id) : [...selectedTags, id];
+        const next = selectedTags.includes(id) ? selectedTags.filter(x => x !== id) : [...selectedTags, id];
         setSelectedTags(next);
         apply({ tags: next });
     };
@@ -74,7 +76,7 @@ export default function Index({ documents, tags, categories, classrooms, filters
         setEditing(d);
         setData({
             title: d.title, description: d.description ?? '', category: d.category,
-            file: null as File | null, tags: d.tags.map(t => t.name),
+            file: null as File | null, tags: d.tags.map(x => x.name),
             retention_until: d.retention_until ?? '',
             link_type: '', link_classroom_id: '', link_student_matricule: '',
         });
@@ -94,7 +96,7 @@ export default function Index({ documents, tags, categories, classrooms, filters
         if (n && !data.tags.includes(n)) setData('tags', [...data.tags, n]);
         setTagInput('');
     };
-    const removeTag = (name: string) => setData('tags', data.tags.filter(t => t !== name));
+    const removeTag = (name: string) => setData('tags', data.tags.filter(x => x !== name));
 
     const submit = (e: React.FormEvent) => {
         e.preventDefault();
@@ -106,23 +108,23 @@ export default function Index({ documents, tags, categories, classrooms, filters
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Archives documentaires" />
+            <Head title={t('archives.head')} />
             <div className="w-full space-y-6">
 
                 <div className="flex items-start justify-between gap-4 flex-wrap">
                     <div>
                         <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-2">
-                            <Archive className="w-8 h-8 text-blue-600" /> Archives documentaires
+                            <Archive className="w-8 h-8 text-blue-600" /> {t('archives.title')}
                         </h1>
-                        <p className="mt-2 text-gray-500">{stats.total} document(s) archivé(s){stats.trashed > 0 ? ` · ${stats.trashed} en corbeille` : ''}.</p>
+                        <p className="mt-2 text-gray-500">{t('archives.subtitle_docs', { count: stats.total })}{stats.trashed > 0 ? t('archives.trashed_suffix', { count: stats.trashed }) : ''}.</p>
                     </div>
                     <div className="flex gap-2">
                         <Button variant="outline" onClick={() => apply({ trashed: filters.trashed ? 0 : 1 })}
                             className={filters.trashed ? 'border-amber-300 text-amber-600' : ''}>
-                            <Trash2 className="w-4 h-4 mr-2" /> {filters.trashed ? 'Voir actifs' : 'Corbeille'}
+                            <Trash2 className="w-4 h-4 mr-2" /> {filters.trashed ? t('archives.view_active') : t('archives.trash')}
                         </Button>
                         <Button onClick={openCreate} className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700 gap-2">
-                            <Plus className="w-4 h-4" /> Archiver un document
+                            <Plus className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('archives.archive_doc')}
                         </Button>
                     </div>
                 </div>
@@ -131,26 +133,26 @@ export default function Index({ documents, tags, categories, classrooms, filters
                 <div className="rounded-2xl bg-slate-50/70 ring-1 ring-slate-200 p-4 space-y-3">
                     <div className="flex flex-wrap gap-3 items-end">
                         <div className="relative flex-1 min-w-52">
-                            <label className="block text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 mb-1.5">Recherche</label>
+                            <label className="block text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 mb-1.5">{t('archives.search')}</label>
                             <Search className="absolute left-3 top-9 w-4 h-4 text-gray-400" />
-                            <Input value={search} onChange={e => setSearch(e.target.value)} onKeyDown={e => e.key === 'Enter' && apply()} placeholder="Titre, référence…" className="pl-9 bg-white" />
+                            <Input value={search} onChange={e => setSearch(e.target.value)} onKeyDown={e => e.key === 'Enter' && apply()} placeholder={t('archives.search_ph')} className="pl-9 bg-white" />
                         </div>
                         <div className="min-w-44">
-                            <label className="block text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 mb-1.5">Catégorie</label>
+                            <label className="block text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 mb-1.5">{t('archives.category')}</label>
                             <Select value={category} onValueChange={v => { setCategory(v); apply({ category: v === ALL ? '' : v }); }}>
                                 <SelectTrigger className="bg-white"><SelectValue /></SelectTrigger>
                                 <SelectContent>
-                                    <SelectItem value={ALL}>Toutes</SelectItem>
+                                    <SelectItem value={ALL}>{t('archives.all_categories')}</SelectItem>
                                     {Object.entries(categories).map(([k, l]) => <SelectItem key={k} value={k}>{l}</SelectItem>)}
                                 </SelectContent>
                             </Select>
                         </div>
                         <div className="min-w-36">
-                            <label className="block text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 mb-1.5">Du</label>
+                            <label className="block text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 mb-1.5">{t('archives.from')}</label>
                             <Input type="date" value={dateFrom} onChange={e => setDateFrom(e.target.value)} onBlur={() => apply()} className="bg-white" />
                         </div>
                         <div className="min-w-36">
-                            <label className="block text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 mb-1.5">Au</label>
+                            <label className="block text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 mb-1.5">{t('archives.to')}</label>
                             <Input type="date" value={dateTo} onChange={e => setDateTo(e.target.value)} onBlur={() => apply()} className="bg-white" />
                         </div>
                     </div>
@@ -169,7 +171,7 @@ export default function Index({ documents, tags, categories, classrooms, filters
                             })}
                             {activeFilters > 0 && (
                                 <button onClick={resetFilters} className="text-xs text-blue-600 hover:text-blue-700 inline-flex items-center gap-1 ml-2">
-                                    <X className="w-3 h-3" /> Réinitialiser ({activeFilters})
+                                    <X className="w-3 h-3" /> {t('archives.reset')} ({activeFilters})
                                 </button>
                             )}
                         </div>
@@ -181,20 +183,20 @@ export default function Index({ documents, tags, categories, classrooms, filters
                     <Table>
                         <TableHeader className="bg-gray-50">
                             <TableRow>
-                                <TableHead>Référence</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead>Document</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead>Tags</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead>Lié à</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead>Taille</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead>Archivé</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="text-center w-32">Actions</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead>{t('archives.th_reference')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead>{t('archives.th_document')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead>{t('archives.th_tags')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead>{t('archives.th_linked')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead>{t('archives.th_size')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead>{t('archives.th_archived')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="text-center w-32">{t('archives.th_actions')}</TableHead>
                             </TableRow>
                         </TableHeader>
                         <TableBody>
                             {documents.data.length === 0 ? (
                                 <TableRow><TableCell colSpan={7} className="py-16 text-center text-gray-400">
                                     <Archive className="w-10 h-10 mx-auto mb-2 opacity-30" />
-                                    {filters.trashed ? 'Corbeille vide.' : 'Aucun document archivé.'}
+                                    {filters.trashed ? t('archives.empty_trash') : t('archives.empty')}
                                 </TableCell></TableRow>
                             ) : documents.data.map(d => (
                                 <TableRow key={d.id} className="hover:bg-gray-50">
@@ -217,16 +219,16 @@ export default function Index({ documents, tags, categories, classrooms, filters
                                         <div className="flex justify-center gap-1.5">
                                             {filters.trashed ? (
                                                 <>
-                                                    <IconButton label="Restaurer" icon={<RotateCcw className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />} className="gap-1 text-xs" onClick={() => router.post(route('archives.restore', d.id), {}, { preserveScroll: true })} />
-                                                    <IconButton label="Supprimer définitivement" icon={<Trash2 className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />} className="border-red-200 text-red-500 hover:bg-red-50" onClick={() => setDeleteDoc(d)} />
+                                                    <IconButton label={t('archives.restore')} icon={<RotateCcw className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />} className="gap-1 text-xs" onClick={() => router.post(route('archives.restore', d.id), {}, { preserveScroll: true })} />
+                                                    <IconButton label={t('archives.delete_forever')} icon={<Trash2 className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />} className="border-red-200 text-red-500 hover:bg-red-50" onClick={() => setDeleteDoc(d)} />
                                                 </>
                                             ) : (
                                                 <>
                                                     <a href={route('archives.download', d.id)}>
-                                                        <IconButton label="Télécharger" icon={<Download className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />} className="text-xs" />
+                                                        <IconButton label={t('archives.download')} icon={<Download className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />} className="text-xs" />
                                                     </a>
-                                                    <IconButton label="Modifier" icon={<Pencil className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />} onClick={() => openEdit(d)} />
-                                                    <IconButton label="Supprimer" icon={<Trash2 className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />} className="border-red-200 text-red-500 hover:bg-red-50" onClick={() => router.delete(route('archives.destroy', d.id), { preserveScroll: true })} />
+                                                    <IconButton label={t('archives.edit')} icon={<Pencil className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />} onClick={() => openEdit(d)} />
+                                                    <IconButton label={t('archives.delete')} icon={<Trash2 className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />} className="border-red-200 text-red-500 hover:bg-red-50" onClick={() => router.delete(route('archives.destroy', d.id), { preserveScroll: true })} />
                                                 </>
                                             )}
                                         </div>
@@ -239,9 +241,9 @@ export default function Index({ documents, tags, categories, classrooms, filters
 
                 {documents.last_page > 1 && (
                     <div className="flex justify-center gap-2">
-                        <Button variant="outline" size="sm" disabled={documents.current_page <= 1} onClick={() => apply({ page: documents.current_page - 1 })}>Précédent</Button>
-                        <span className="text-sm text-gray-500 self-center">Page {documents.current_page} / {documents.last_page}</span>
-                        <Button variant="outline" size="sm" disabled={documents.current_page >= documents.last_page} onClick={() => apply({ page: documents.current_page + 1 })}>Suivant</Button>
+                        <Button variant="outline" size="sm" disabled={documents.current_page <= 1} onClick={() => apply({ page: documents.current_page - 1 })}>{t('archives.prev')}</Button>
+                        <span className="text-sm text-gray-500 self-center">{t('archives.page_of', { current: documents.current_page, last: documents.last_page })}</span>
+                        <Button variant="outline" size="sm" disabled={documents.current_page >= documents.last_page} onClick={() => apply({ page: documents.current_page + 1 })}>{t('archives.next')}</Button>
                     </div>
                 )}
             </div>
@@ -250,38 +252,38 @@ export default function Index({ documents, tags, categories, classrooms, filters
             <Dialog open={dialogOpen} onOpenChange={setDialogOpen}>
                 <DialogContent className="max-w-xl max-h-[90vh] overflow-y-auto">
                     <DialogHeader>
-                        <DialogTitle>{editing ? 'Modifier le document' : 'Archiver un document'}</DialogTitle>
+                        <DialogTitle>{editing ? t('archives.edit_title') : t('archives.create_title')}</DialogTitle>
                         <DialogDescription>
-                            {editing ? 'Mettez à jour les métadonnées et les tags.' : 'Ajoutez un fichier au coffre documentaire avec ses métadonnées et tags.'}
+                            {editing ? t('archives.edit_desc') : t('archives.create_desc')}
                         </DialogDescription>
                     </DialogHeader>
                     <form onSubmit={submit} className="space-y-4 py-1">
                         <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                            <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Titre *</label>
+                            <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('archives.f_title')} *</label>
                             <Input value={data.title} onChange={e => setData('title', e.target.value)} className={errors.title ? 'border-red-400' : ''} />
                             {errors.title && <p className="text-xs text-red-500">{errors.title}</p>}
                         </div>
                         <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-3">
                             <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                                <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Catégorie *</label>
+                                <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('archives.f_category')} *</label>
                                 <Select value={data.category} onValueChange={v => setData('category', v)}>
                                     <SelectTrigger><SelectValue /></SelectTrigger>
                                     <SelectContent>{Object.entries(categories).map(([k, l]) => <SelectItem key={k} value={k}>{l}</SelectItem>)}</SelectContent>
                                 </Select>
                             </div>
                             <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                                <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Conservation jusqu'au</label>
+                                <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('archives.retention')}</label>
                                 <Input type="date" value={data.retention_until} onChange={e => setData('retention_until', e.target.value)} />
                             </div>
                         </div>
                         <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                            <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Description</label>
+                            <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('archives.description')}</label>
                             <textarea value={data.description} onChange={e => setData('description', e.target.value)} rows={2}
                                 className="w-full rounded-md border border-slate-200 px-3 py-2 text-sm focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-blue-500" />
                         </div>
                         {!editing && (
                             <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                                <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Fichier *</label>
+                                <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('archives.file')} *</label>
                                 <input type="file" accept=".pdf,.doc,.docx,.xls,.xlsx,.csv,.txt,.jpg,.jpeg,.png,.webp,.zip"
                                     onChange={e => setData('file', e.target.files?.[0] ?? null)}
                                     className="block w-full text-sm text-gray-600 file:mr-3 file:rounded-lg file:border-0 file:bg-blue-50 file:px-3 file:py-1.5 file:text-blue-700 file:text-sm hover:file:bg-blue-100" />
@@ -290,21 +292,21 @@ export default function Index({ documents, tags, categories, classrooms, filters
                         )}
                         {/* Tags */}
                         <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                            <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Tags</label>
+                            <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('archives.tags')}</label>
                             <div className="flex flex-wrap gap-1.5 mb-1">
-                                {data.tags.map(t => (
-                                    <span key={t} className="text-xs bg-blue-50 text-blue-700 px-2 py-0.5 rounded-full inline-flex items-center gap-1">
-                                        {t}<button type="button" onClick={() => removeTag(t)}><X className="w-3 h-3" /></button>
+                                {data.tags.map(tg => (
+                                    <span key={tg} className="text-xs bg-blue-50 text-blue-700 px-2 py-0.5 rounded-full inline-flex items-center gap-1">
+                                        {tg}<button type="button" onClick={() => removeTag(tg)}><X className="w-3 h-3" /></button>
                                     </span>
                                 ))}
                             </div>
                             <Input value={tagInput} onChange={e => setTagInput(e.target.value)}
                                 onKeyDown={e => { if (e.key === 'Enter' || e.key === ',') { e.preventDefault(); addTag(tagInput); } }}
-                                placeholder="Ajouter un tag puis Entrée…" />
+                                placeholder={t('archives.add_tag_ph')} />
                             {tags.length > 0 && (
                                 <div className="flex flex-wrap gap-1 mt-1">
-                                    {tags.filter(t => !data.tags.includes(t.name)).slice(0, 12).map(t => (
-                                        <button key={t.id} type="button" onClick={() => addTag(t.name)} className="text-[11px] px-1.5 py-0.5 rounded-full border text-gray-600" style={{ borderColor: t.color }}>+ {t.name}</button>
+                                    {tags.filter(tg => !data.tags.includes(tg.name)).slice(0, 12).map(tg => (
+                                        <button key={tg.id} type="button" onClick={() => addTag(tg.name)} className="text-[11px] px-1.5 py-0.5 rounded-full border text-gray-600" style={{ borderColor: tg.color }}>+ {tg.name}</button>
                                     ))}
                                 </div>
                             )}
@@ -312,37 +314,37 @@ export default function Index({ documents, tags, categories, classrooms, filters
                         {/* Liaison */}
                         <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-3">
                             <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                                <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Lié à</label>
+                                <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('archives.linked_to')}</label>
                                 <Select value={data.link_type || 'none'} onValueChange={v => setData('link_type', v === 'none' ? '' : v)}>
                                     <SelectTrigger><SelectValue /></SelectTrigger>
                                     <SelectContent>
-                                        <SelectItem value="none">Aucun</SelectItem>
-                                        <SelectItem value="classroom">Classe</SelectItem>
-                                        <SelectItem value="student">Élève (matricule)</SelectItem>
+                                        <SelectItem value="none">{t('archives.link_none')}</SelectItem>
+                                        <SelectItem value="classroom">{t('archives.link_classroom')}</SelectItem>
+                                        <SelectItem value="student">{t('archives.link_student')}</SelectItem>
                                     </SelectContent>
                                 </Select>
                             </div>
                             {data.link_type === 'classroom' && (
                                 <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                                    <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Classe</label>
+                                    <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('archives.classroom')}</label>
                                     <Select value={data.link_classroom_id} onValueChange={v => setData('link_classroom_id', v)}>
-                                        <SelectTrigger><SelectValue placeholder="Choisir" /></SelectTrigger>
+                                        <SelectTrigger><SelectValue placeholder={t('archives.choose')} /></SelectTrigger>
                                         <SelectContent>{classrooms.map(c => <SelectItem key={c.id} value={c.id}>{c.name}</SelectItem>)}</SelectContent>
                                     </Select>
                                 </div>
                             )}
                             {data.link_type === 'student' && (
                                 <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                                    <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Matricule élève</label>
+                                    <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('archives.student_matricule')}</label>
                                     <Input value={data.link_student_matricule} onChange={e => setData('link_student_matricule', e.target.value)} className={errors.link_student_matricule ? 'border-red-400' : ''} />
                                     {errors.link_student_matricule && <p className="text-xs text-red-500">{errors.link_student_matricule}</p>}
                                 </div>
                             )}
                         </div>
                         <div className="flex justify-end gap-2 pt-2">
-                            <Button type="button" variant="outline" onClick={() => setDialogOpen(false)}>Annuler</Button>
+                            <Button type="button" variant="outline" onClick={() => setDialogOpen(false)}>{t('archives.cancel')}</Button>
                             <Button type="submit" disabled={processing} className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700 gap-2">
-                                <Upload className="w-4 h-4" /> {editing ? 'Enregistrer' : 'Archiver'}
+                                <Upload className="w-4 h-4" /> {editing ? t('archives.save') : t('archives.archive')}
                             </Button>
                         </div>
                     </form>
@@ -352,13 +354,13 @@ export default function Index({ documents, tags, categories, classrooms, filters
             <AlertDialog open={!!deleteDoc} onOpenChange={() => setDeleteDoc(null)}>
                 <AlertDialogContent>
                     <AlertDialogHeader>
-                        <AlertDialogTitle>Supprimer définitivement ?</AlertDialogTitle>
-                        <AlertDialogDescription>Le fichier « {deleteDoc?.title} » sera supprimé du stockage. Cette action est irréversible.</AlertDialogDescription>
+                        <AlertDialogTitle>{t('archives.delete_forever_q')}</AlertDialogTitle>
+                        <AlertDialogDescription>{t('archives.delete_forever_desc', { title: deleteDoc?.title ?? '' })}</AlertDialogDescription>
                     </AlertDialogHeader>
                     <div className="flex justify-end gap-2">
-                        <AlertDialogCancel>Annuler</AlertDialogCancel>
+                        <AlertDialogCancel>{t('archives.cancel')}</AlertDialogCancel>
                         <AlertDialogAction className="bg-red-600 hover:bg-red-700" onClick={() => deleteDoc && router.delete(route('archives.force-delete', deleteDoc.id), { preserveScroll: true, onSuccess: () => setDeleteDoc(null) })}>
-                            Supprimer définitivement
+                            {t('archives.delete_forever')}
                         </AlertDialogAction>
                     </div>
                 </AlertDialogContent>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Archives/Tags.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Archives/Tags.tsx
index ef15553f..95eae23d 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Archives/Tags.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Archives/Tags.tsx
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ import {
     Table, TableBody, TableCell, TableHead, TableHeader, TableRow,
 } from '@/components/ui/table';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Tag { id: string; name: string; color: string; documents_count: number; }
@@ -35,6 +36,7 @@ interface Props {
 const COLORS = ['#64748b', '#ef4444', '#f97316', '#eab308', '#22c55e', '#06b6d4', '#3b82f6', '#8b5cf6', '#ec4899'];
 
 export default function Tags({ tags, filters }: Readonly<Props>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const [deleteId, setDeleteId] = useState<string | null>(null);
     const [createOpen, setCreateOpen] = useState(false);
     const [searchQuery, setSearchQuery] = useState(filters.search || '');
@@ -70,19 +72,19 @@ export default function Tags({ tags, filters }: Readonly<Props>) {
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Tags d'archivage" />
+            <Head title={t('archives.tags_page.head')} />
             <div className="space-y-6">
 
                 {/* Header */}
                 <div className="flex items-start justify-between gap-4 flex-wrap">
                     <div>
                         <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3">
-                            <TagIcon className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" /> Tags d'archivage
+                            <TagIcon className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" /> {t('archives.tags_page.title')}
                         </h1>
-                        <p className="mt-2 text-lg text-gray-600">Organisez les documents archivés par mots-clés réutilisables.</p>
+                        <p className="mt-2 text-lg text-gray-600">{t('archives.tags_page.subtitle')}</p>
                     </div>
                     <Button onClick={openCreate} className="gap-2 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700">
-                        <Plus className="w-5 h-5" /> Nouveau tag
+                        <Plus className="w-5 h-5" /> {t('archives.tags_page.new_tag')}
                     </Button>
                 </div>
 
@@ -90,7 +92,7 @@ export default function Tags({ tags, filters }: Readonly<Props>) {
                 <div className="bg-linear-to-r from-blue-50 to-cyan-50 rounded-2xl p-6 ring-1 ring-blue-100 shadow-sm">
                     <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
                         <div>
-                            <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600">Tags au total</p>
+                            <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600">{t('archives.tags_page.total')}</p>
                             <p className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900 mt-2">{tags.total}</p>
                         </div>
                         <TagIcon className="w-12 h-12 text-blue-600 opacity-20" />
@@ -103,7 +105,7 @@ export default function Tags({ tags, filters }: Readonly<Props>) {
                         <div className="flex-1 relative">
                             <Search className="absolute left-3 top-3 w-5 h-5 text-gray-400" />
                             <Input
-                                placeholder="Rechercher un tag par nom..."
+                                placeholder={t('archives.tags_page.search_ph')}
                                 className="pl-10 border-slate-200 focus:border-blue-500"
                                 value={searchQuery}
                                 onChange={(e) => setSearchQuery(e.target.value)}
@@ -126,36 +128,36 @@ export default function Tags({ tags, filters }: Readonly<Props>) {
                     <Table>
                         <TableHeader className="bg-gray-50 border-b border-slate-200">
                             <TableRow>
-                                <TableHead className="text-gray-700 font-semibold">Tag</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="text-gray-700 font-semibold">Documents</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="text-gray-700 font-semibold">Couleur</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="text-gray-700 font-semibold text-right">Actions</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="text-gray-700 font-semibold">{t('archives.tags_page.th_tag')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="text-gray-700 font-semibold">{t('archives.tags_page.th_documents')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="text-gray-700 font-semibold">{t('archives.tags_page.th_color')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="text-gray-700 font-semibold text-right">{t('archives.tags_page.th_actions')}</TableHead>
                             </TableRow>
                         </TableHeader>
                         <TableBody>
                             {tags.data.length > 0 ? (
-                                tags.data.map((t) => (
-                                    <TableRow key={t.id} className="border-b border-slate-100 hover:bg-blue-50/30">
+                                tags.data.map((tg) => (
+                                    <TableRow key={tg.id} className="border-b border-slate-100 hover:bg-blue-50/30">
                                         <TableCell>
-                                            <span className="text-xs font-medium px-2.5 py-1 rounded-full text-white" style={{ backgroundColor: t.color }}>{t.name}</span>
+                                            <span className="text-xs font-medium px-2.5 py-1 rounded-full text-white" style={{ backgroundColor: tg.color }}>{tg.name}</span>
                                         </TableCell>
-                                        <TableCell className="text-gray-600">{t.documents_count} document(s)</TableCell>
+                                        <TableCell className="text-gray-600">{t('archives.tags_page.documents_count', { count: tg.documents_count })}</TableCell>
                                         <TableCell>
-                                            <div className="flex gap-1" title="Changer la couleur">
+                                            <div className="flex gap-1" title={t('archives.tags_page.change_color')}>
                                                 {COLORS.map((c) => (
-                                                    <button key={c} onClick={() => updateColor(t, c)}
-                                                        className={`w-4 h-4 rounded-full transition ${t.color === c ? 'ring-2 ring-offset-1 ring-gray-300' : 'opacity-60 hover:opacity-100'}`}
-                                                        style={{ backgroundColor: c }} aria-label={`Couleur ${c}`} />
+                                                    <button key={c} onClick={() => updateColor(tg, c)}
+                                                        className={`w-4 h-4 rounded-full transition ${tg.color === c ? 'ring-2 ring-offset-1 ring-gray-300' : 'opacity-60 hover:opacity-100'}`}
+                                                        style={{ backgroundColor: c }} aria-label={t('archives.tags_page.color_aria', { color: c })} />
                                                 ))}
                                             </div>
                                         </TableCell>
                                         <TableCell className="text-right">
                                             <div className="flex justify-end gap-2">
                                                 <IconButton
-                                                    label="Supprimer"
+                                                    label={t('archives.tags_page.delete')}
                                                     icon={<Trash2 className="w-4 h-4" />}
                                                     className="border-slate-200 text-gray-700 hover:bg-red-50 hover:text-red-600"
-                                                    onClick={() => setDeleteId(t.id)}
+                                                    onClick={() => setDeleteId(tg.id)}
                                                 />
                                             </div>
                                         </TableCell>
@@ -165,7 +167,7 @@ export default function Tags({ tags, filters }: Readonly<Props>) {
                                 <TableRow>
                                     <TableCell colSpan={4} className="text-center py-10">
                                         <TagIcon className="w-10 h-10 mx-auto mb-2 text-gray-300" />
-                                        <p className="text-gray-600 font-medium">Aucun tag trouvé</p>
+                                        <p className="text-gray-600 font-medium">{t('archives.tags_page.empty')}</p>
                                     </TableCell>
                                 </TableRow>
                             )}
@@ -177,7 +179,7 @@ export default function Tags({ tags, filters }: Readonly<Props>) {
                 {tags.last_page > 1 && (
                     <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
                         <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">
-                            Affichage {tags.from} à {tags.to} sur {tags.total}
+                            {t('archives.tags_page.showing', { from: tags.from, to: tags.to, total: tags.total })}
                         </p>
                         <div className="flex gap-2">
                             <Button variant="outline" size="sm" className="border-slate-200"
@@ -199,35 +201,35 @@ export default function Tags({ tags, filters }: Readonly<Props>) {
             <Dialog open={createOpen} onOpenChange={setCreateOpen}>
                 <DialogContent>
                     <DialogHeader>
-                        <DialogTitle>Nouveau tag</DialogTitle>
-                        <DialogDescription>Un mot-clé réutilisable pour classer les documents archivés.</DialogDescription>
+                        <DialogTitle>{t('archives.tags_page.new_tag')}</DialogTitle>
+                        <DialogDescription>{t('archives.tags_page.new_tag_desc')}</DialogDescription>
                     </DialogHeader>
                     <form onSubmit={create} className="space-y-4 py-1">
                         <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                            <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Nom du tag *</label>
-                            <Input autoFocus value={data.name} onChange={(e) => setData('name', e.target.value)} placeholder="Ex: Contrat, Inspection…" className={errors.name ? 'border-red-400' : ''} />
+                            <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('archives.tags_page.name')} *</label>
+                            <Input autoFocus value={data.name} onChange={(e) => setData('name', e.target.value)} placeholder={t('archives.tags_page.name_ph')} className={errors.name ? 'border-red-400' : ''} />
                             {errors.name && <p className="text-xs text-red-500">{errors.name}</p>}
                         </div>
                         <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                            <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Couleur</label>
+                            <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('archives.tags_page.color')}</label>
                             <div className="flex flex-wrap gap-2">
                                 {COLORS.map((c) => (
                                     <button type="button" key={c} onClick={() => setData('color', c)}
                                         className={`w-7 h-7 rounded-full transition ${data.color === c ? 'ring-2 ring-offset-2 ring-gray-400' : 'hover:scale-110'}`}
-                                        style={{ backgroundColor: c }} aria-label={`Couleur ${c}`} />
+                                        style={{ backgroundColor: c }} aria-label={t('archives.tags_page.color_aria', { color: c })} />
                                 ))}
                             </div>
                         </div>
                         <div className="flex items-center gap-2 pt-1">
-                            <span className="text-xs text-gray-400">Aperçu :</span>
+                            <span className="text-xs text-gray-400">{t('archives.tags_page.preview')}</span>
                             <span className="text-xs font-medium px-2.5 py-1 rounded-full text-white" style={{ backgroundColor: data.color }}>
-                                {data.name || 'Nom du tag'}
+                                {data.name || t('archives.tags_page.default_name')}
                             </span>
                         </div>
                         <div className="flex justify-end gap-2 pt-2">
-                            <Button type="button" variant="outline" onClick={() => setCreateOpen(false)}>Annuler</Button>
+                            <Button type="button" variant="outline" onClick={() => setCreateOpen(false)}>{t('archives.tags_page.cancel')}</Button>
                             <Button type="submit" disabled={processing} className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700 gap-2">
-                                <Plus className="w-4 h-4" /> Créer
+                                <Plus className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('archives.tags_page.create')}
                             </Button>
                         </div>
                     </form>
@@ -237,13 +239,13 @@ export default function Tags({ tags, filters }: Readonly<Props>) {
             <AlertDialog open={!!deleteId} onOpenChange={() => setDeleteId(null)}>
                 <AlertDialogContent>
                     <AlertDialogHeader>
-                        <AlertDialogTitle>Supprimer ce tag ?</AlertDialogTitle>
-                        <AlertDialogDescription>Le tag sera retiré de tous les documents associés. Les documents ne sont pas supprimés.</AlertDialogDescription>
+                        <AlertDialogTitle>{t('archives.tags_page.delete_q')}</AlertDialogTitle>
+                        <AlertDialogDescription>{t('archives.tags_page.delete_desc')}</AlertDialogDescription>
                     </AlertDialogHeader>
                     <div className="flex justify-end gap-2">
-                        <AlertDialogCancel>Annuler</AlertDialogCancel>
+                        <AlertDialogCancel>{t('archives.tags_page.cancel')}</AlertDialogCancel>
                         <AlertDialogAction className="bg-red-600 hover:bg-red-700" onClick={() => deleteId && router.delete(route('archives.tags.destroy', deleteId), { preserveScroll: true, onSuccess: () => setDeleteId(null) })}>
-                            Supprimer
+                            {t('archives.tags_page.delete')}
                         </AlertDialogAction>
                     </div>
                 </AlertDialogContent>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Calendar/Index.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Calendar/Index.tsx
index 96e1b525..27e58018 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Calendar/Index.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Calendar/Index.tsx
@@ -1,6 +1,6 @@
 import { Head, router, usePage } from '@inertiajs/react';
 import { addDays, addMonths, addWeeks, differenceInCalendarDays, eachDayOfInterval, endOfWeek, format, startOfWeek } from 'date-fns';
-import { fr } from 'date-fns/locale';
+import { fr, enUS } from 'date-fns/locale';
 import { CalendarDays, ChevronLeft, ChevronRight, Plus } from 'lucide-react';
 import { useEffect, useState } from 'react';
 import {
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ import { MonthView, type DragPayload } from '@/components/calendar/month-view';
 import { TimeGridView, type TimeDragPayload } from '@/components/calendar/time-grid-view';
 import { CalEvent, eventEnd, eventStart, fromMinutes, monthGridDays, toDate, toISO, toMinutes } from '@/components/calendar/utils';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Year { id: string; year: string }
@@ -31,12 +32,7 @@ interface Props {
 }
 
 type View = 'month' | 'week' | 'day' | 'agenda';
-const VIEWS: { key: View; label: string }[] = [
-    { key: 'month', label: 'Mois' },
-    { key: 'week', label: 'Semaine' },
-    { key: 'day', label: 'Jour' },
-    { key: 'agenda', label: 'Liste' },
-];
+const VIEW_KEYS: View[] = ['month', 'week', 'day', 'agenda'];
 const ALL = '__all__';
 
 const emptyForm = (): Omit<CalEvent, 'id' | 'color'> => ({
@@ -46,6 +42,8 @@ const emptyForm = (): Omit<CalEvent, 'id' | 'color'> => ({
 });
 
 export default function Index({ events, types, academicYears, activeYear, filters }: Readonly<Props>) {
+    const { t, locale } = useTranslation();
+    const dfLocale = locale === 'en' ? enUS : fr;
     const perms = (usePage().props.auth?.permissions ?? []) as string[];
     const canCreate = perms.includes('create_calendar');
     const canEdit = perms.includes('edit_calendar');
@@ -84,9 +82,9 @@ export default function Index({ events, types, academicYears, activeYear, filter
     });
 
     const title = (() => {
-        if (view === 'month') return format(cursor, 'MMMM yyyy', { locale: fr });
-        if (view === 'week') return `${format(weekDays[0], 'd MMM', { locale: fr })} – ${format(weekDays[6], 'd MMM yyyy', { locale: fr })}`;
-        if (view === 'day') return format(cursor, 'EEEE d MMMM yyyy', { locale: fr });
+        if (view === 'month') return format(cursor, 'MMMM yyyy', { locale: dfLocale });
+        if (view === 'week') return `${format(weekDays[0], 'd MMM', { locale: dfLocale })} – ${format(weekDays[6], 'd MMM yyyy', { locale: dfLocale })}`;
+        if (view === 'day') return format(cursor, 'EEEE d MMMM yyyy', { locale: dfLocale });
         return activeYear?.year ?? '';
     })();
 
@@ -186,17 +184,17 @@ export default function Index({ events, types, academicYears, activeYear, filter
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Calendrier" />
+            <Head title={t('calendar.title')} />
             <div className="w-full space-y-6">
                 <div className="flex items-start justify-between gap-4 flex-wrap">
                     <div>
                         <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3">
-                            <CalendarDays className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" /> Calendrier académique
+                            <CalendarDays className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" /> {t('calendar.header_title')}
                         </h1>
-                        <p className="mt-2 text-gray-500">Congés, examens, réunions et événements{activeYear ? ` — ${activeYear.year}` : ''}.</p>
+                        <p className="mt-2 text-gray-500">{t('calendar.subtitle')}{activeYear ? ` — ${activeYear.year}` : ''}.</p>
                     </div>
                     {canCreate && (
-                        <Button onClick={openCreate} className="gap-2 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700"><Plus className="w-4 h-4" /> Nouvel événement</Button>
+                        <Button onClick={openCreate} className="gap-2 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700"><Plus className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('calendar.new_event')}</Button>
                     )}
                 </div>
 
@@ -204,38 +202,38 @@ export default function Index({ events, types, academicYears, activeYear, filter
                 <div className="rounded-2xl bg-linear-to-br from-slate-50 to-white p-4 shadow-sm ring-1 ring-slate-100 flex flex-wrap gap-3 items-center">
                     {view !== 'agenda' && (
                         <div className="flex items-center gap-1">
-                            <Button variant="outline" size="sm" onClick={() => step(-1)} aria-label="Précédent"><ChevronLeft className="w-4 h-4" /></Button>
-                            <Button variant="outline" size="sm" onClick={() => setCursor(new Date())}>Aujourd&apos;hui</Button>
-                            <Button variant="outline" size="sm" onClick={() => step(1)} aria-label="Suivant"><ChevronRight className="w-4 h-4" /></Button>
+                            <Button variant="outline" size="sm" onClick={() => step(-1)} aria-label={t('calendar.prev')}><ChevronLeft className="w-4 h-4" /></Button>
+                            <Button variant="outline" size="sm" onClick={() => setCursor(new Date())}>{t('calendar.today')}</Button>
+                            <Button variant="outline" size="sm" onClick={() => step(1)} aria-label={t('calendar.next')}><ChevronRight className="w-4 h-4" /></Button>
                         </div>
                     )}
                     <span className="text-sm font-semibold text-gray-700 capitalize min-w-40">{title}</span>
 
                     {/* Sélecteur de vue */}
                     <div className="inline-flex rounded-lg border border-slate-200 bg-white p-0.5">
-                        {VIEWS.map((v) => (
+                        {VIEW_KEYS.map((v) => (
                             <button
-                                key={v.key}
+                                key={v}
                                 type="button"
-                                onClick={() => setView(v.key)}
+                                onClick={() => setView(v)}
                                 className={`px-3 py-1.5 text-sm font-medium rounded-md transition ${
-                                    view === v.key ? 'bg-blue-600 text-white' : 'text-gray-600 hover:bg-slate-50'
+                                    view === v ? 'bg-blue-600 text-white' : 'text-gray-600 hover:bg-slate-50'
                                 }`}
                             >
-                                {v.label}
+                                {t(`calendar.view.${v}`)}
                             </button>
                         ))}
                     </div>
 
                     <div className="ml-auto flex flex-wrap gap-2">
                         <Select value={filters.academic_year_id || ''} onValueChange={(v) => reload({ academic_year_id: v })}>
-                            <SelectTrigger className="w-40"><SelectValue placeholder="Année" /></SelectTrigger>
+                            <SelectTrigger className="w-40"><SelectValue placeholder={t('calendar.year')} /></SelectTrigger>
                             <SelectContent>{academicYears.map((y) => <SelectItem key={y.id} value={y.id}>{y.year}</SelectItem>)}</SelectContent>
                         </Select>
                         <Select value={filters.type || ALL} onValueChange={(v) => reload({ type: v === ALL ? '' : v })}>
-                            <SelectTrigger className="w-40"><SelectValue placeholder="Type" /></SelectTrigger>
+                            <SelectTrigger className="w-40"><SelectValue placeholder={t('calendar.type')} /></SelectTrigger>
                             <SelectContent>
-                                <SelectItem value={ALL}>Tous les types</SelectItem>
+                                <SelectItem value={ALL}>{t('calendar.all_types')}</SelectItem>
                                 {Object.entries(types).map(([v, l]) => <SelectItem key={v} value={v}>{l}</SelectItem>)}
                             </SelectContent>
                         </Select>
@@ -244,7 +242,7 @@ export default function Index({ events, types, academicYears, activeYear, filter
 
                 {canEdit && view !== 'agenda' && (
                     <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 -mt-3">
-                        Astuce : glissez un événement pour le déplacer, tirez son bord pour changer sa fin.
+                        {t('calendar.drag_hint')}
                     </p>
                 )}
 
@@ -299,17 +297,17 @@ export default function Index({ events, types, academicYears, activeYear, filter
             <Dialog open={open} onOpenChange={setOpen}>
                 <DialogContent>
                     <DialogHeader>
-                        <DialogTitle>{editingId ? "Modifier l'événement" : 'Nouvel événement'}</DialogTitle>
-                        <DialogDescription>Renseignez les informations de l&apos;événement.</DialogDescription>
+                        <DialogTitle>{editingId ? t('calendar.dialog.edit_title') : t('calendar.dialog.new_title')}</DialogTitle>
+                        <DialogDescription>{t('calendar.dialog.desc')}</DialogDescription>
                     </DialogHeader>
                     <form onSubmit={submit} className="space-y-4 py-1">
                         <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                            <Label className="text-sm">Titre *</Label>
+                            <Label className="text-sm">{t('calendar.dialog.field_title')}</Label>
                             <Input value={form.title} onChange={(e) => setForm({ ...form, title: e.target.value })} className={errors.title ? 'border-red-400' : ''} />
                             {errors.title && <p className="text-xs text-red-500">{errors.title}</p>}
                         </div>
                         <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                            <Label className="text-sm">Type</Label>
+                            <Label className="text-sm">{t('calendar.dialog.field_type')}</Label>
                             <Select value={form.type} onValueChange={(v) => setForm({ ...form, type: v })}>
                                 <SelectTrigger><SelectValue /></SelectTrigger>
                                 <SelectContent>{Object.entries(types).map(([v, l]) => <SelectItem key={v} value={v}>{l}</SelectItem>)}</SelectContent>
@@ -317,39 +315,39 @@ export default function Index({ events, types, academicYears, activeYear, filter
                         </div>
                         <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-3">
                             <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                                <Label className="text-sm">Début *</Label>
+                                <Label className="text-sm">{t('calendar.dialog.start')}</Label>
                                 <Input type="date" value={form.start_date} onChange={(e) => setForm({ ...form, start_date: e.target.value })} className={errors.start_date ? 'border-red-400' : ''} />
                             </div>
                             <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                                <Label className="text-sm">Fin</Label>
+                                <Label className="text-sm">{t('calendar.dialog.end')}</Label>
                                 <Input type="date" value={form.end_date ?? ''} onChange={(e) => setForm({ ...form, end_date: e.target.value })} className={errors.end_date ? 'border-red-400' : ''} />
                                 {errors.end_date && <p className="text-xs text-red-500">{errors.end_date}</p>}
                             </div>
                         </div>
                         <label className="flex items-center gap-2 text-sm">
-                            <Checkbox checked={form.all_day} onCheckedChange={(v) => setForm({ ...form, all_day: Boolean(v) })} /> Toute la journée
+                            <Checkbox checked={form.all_day} onCheckedChange={(v) => setForm({ ...form, all_day: Boolean(v) })} /> {t('calendar.dialog.all_day')}
                         </label>
                         {!form.all_day && (
                             <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-3">
-                                <div className="space-y-1.5"><Label className="text-sm">Heure début</Label><Input type="time" value={form.start_time ?? ''} onChange={(e) => setForm({ ...form, start_time: e.target.value })} /></div>
-                                <div className="space-y-1.5"><Label className="text-sm">Heure fin</Label><Input type="time" value={form.end_time ?? ''} onChange={(e) => setForm({ ...form, end_time: e.target.value })} /></div>
+                                <div className="space-y-1.5"><Label className="text-sm">{t('calendar.dialog.start_time')}</Label><Input type="time" value={form.start_time ?? ''} onChange={(e) => setForm({ ...form, start_time: e.target.value })} /></div>
+                                <div className="space-y-1.5"><Label className="text-sm">{t('calendar.dialog.end_time')}</Label><Input type="time" value={form.end_time ?? ''} onChange={(e) => setForm({ ...form, end_time: e.target.value })} /></div>
                             </div>
                         )}
                         <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                            <Label className="text-sm">Description</Label>
+                            <Label className="text-sm">{t('calendar.dialog.description')}</Label>
                             <Textarea rows={2} value={form.description ?? ''} onChange={(e) => setForm({ ...form, description: e.target.value })} />
                         </div>
                         <div className="flex justify-between gap-2 pt-1">
                             <div>
                                 {editingId && canDelete && (
                                     <Button type="button" variant="outline" className="border-red-200 text-red-500 hover:bg-red-50" onClick={() => { setOpen(false); setDeleteId(editingId); }}>
-                                        Supprimer
+                                        {t('common.actions.delete')}
                                     </Button>
                                 )}
                             </div>
                             <div className="flex gap-2">
-                                <Button type="button" variant="outline" onClick={() => setOpen(false)}>Annuler</Button>
-                                <Button type="submit" className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700">{editingId ? 'Enregistrer' : 'Ajouter'}</Button>
+                                <Button type="button" variant="outline" onClick={() => setOpen(false)}>{t('common.actions.cancel')}</Button>
+                                <Button type="submit" className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700">{editingId ? t('common.actions.save') : t('common.actions.add')}</Button>
                             </div>
                         </div>
                     </form>
@@ -359,12 +357,12 @@ export default function Index({ events, types, academicYears, activeYear, filter
             <AlertDialog open={!!deleteId} onOpenChange={() => setDeleteId(null)}>
                 <AlertDialogContent>
                     <AlertDialogHeader>
-                        <AlertDialogTitle>Supprimer cet événement ?</AlertDialogTitle>
-                        <AlertDialogDescription>Cette action est irréversible.</AlertDialogDescription>
+                        <AlertDialogTitle>{t('calendar.delete_title')}</AlertDialogTitle>
+                        <AlertDialogDescription>{t('calendar.delete_desc')}</AlertDialogDescription>
                     </AlertDialogHeader>
                     <div className="flex justify-end gap-2">
-                        <AlertDialogCancel>Annuler</AlertDialogCancel>
-                        <AlertDialogAction className="bg-red-600 hover:bg-red-700" onClick={() => deleteId && router.delete(route('calendar.destroy', deleteId), { preserveScroll: true, onSuccess: () => setDeleteId(null) })}>Supprimer</AlertDialogAction>
+                        <AlertDialogCancel>{t('common.actions.cancel')}</AlertDialogCancel>
+                        <AlertDialogAction className="bg-red-600 hover:bg-red-700" onClick={() => deleteId && router.delete(route('calendar.destroy', deleteId), { preserveScroll: true, onSuccess: () => setDeleteId(null) })}>{t('common.actions.delete')}</AlertDialogAction>
                     </div>
                 </AlertDialogContent>
             </AlertDialog>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Comptabilite/Accounting/CashAccounts.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Comptabilite/Accounting/CashAccounts.tsx
index 34dbf1af..363455ab 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Comptabilite/Accounting/CashAccounts.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Comptabilite/Accounting/CashAccounts.tsx
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { IconButton } from '@/components/icon-button';
 import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 import {
     AlertDialog, AlertDialogAction, AlertDialogCancel,
@@ -33,10 +34,10 @@ interface Props { accounts: CashAccount[]; }
 /* Helpers                                                             */
 /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
 
-const typeConfig: Record<AccountType, { label: string; icon: React.ReactNode; bg: string; color: string }> = {
-    CASH:         { label: 'Espèces',      icon: <Banknote className="w-5 h-5" />,    bg: 'bg-green-50 dark:bg-green-900/20',  color: 'text-green-600 dark:text-green-400' },
-    MOBILE_MONEY: { label: 'Mobile Money', icon: <Smartphone className="w-5 h-5" />,  bg: 'bg-orange-50 dark:bg-orange-900/20',color: 'text-orange-600 dark:text-orange-400' },
-    BANK:         { label: 'Banque',       icon: <Building2 className="w-5 h-5" />,   bg: 'bg-blue-50 dark:bg-blue-900/20',    color: 'text-blue-600 dark:text-blue-400' },
+const typeConfig: Record<AccountType, { icon: React.ReactNode; bg: string; color: string }> = {
+    CASH:         { icon: <Banknote className="w-5 h-5" />,    bg: 'bg-green-50 dark:bg-green-900/20',  color: 'text-green-600 dark:text-green-400' },
+    MOBILE_MONEY: { icon: <Smartphone className="w-5 h-5" />,  bg: 'bg-orange-50 dark:bg-orange-900/20',color: 'text-orange-600 dark:text-orange-400' },
+    BANK:         { icon: <Building2 className="w-5 h-5" />,   bg: 'bg-blue-50 dark:bg-blue-900/20',    color: 'text-blue-600 dark:text-blue-400' },
 };
 
 /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
@@ -48,6 +49,7 @@ function AccountForm({ initial, onSubmit, onCancel, submitLabel }: {
     onCancel: () => void;
     submitLabel: string;
 }) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const [form, setForm] = useState(initial);
     const f = (k: keyof typeof form) => (e: React.ChangeEvent<HTMLInputElement | HTMLSelectElement | HTMLTextAreaElement>) =>
         setForm(prev => ({ ...prev, [k]: e.target.value }));
@@ -55,30 +57,30 @@ function AccountForm({ initial, onSubmit, onCancel, submitLabel }: {
     return (
         <div className="grid grid-cols-1 sm:grid-cols-3 gap-3 p-4 bg-blue-50/50 dark:bg-blue-900/10 border border-blue-100 dark:border-blue-900/30 rounded-xl">
             <div>
-                <label className="block text-xs font-medium text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 mb-1">Nom *</label>
-                <Input value={form.name} onChange={f('name')} placeholder="Ex: Caisse principale" />
+                <label className="block text-xs font-medium text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 mb-1">{t('comptabilite.cash.name')}</label>
+                <Input value={form.name} onChange={f('name')} placeholder={t('comptabilite.cash.name_ph')} />
             </div>
             <div>
-                <label className="block text-xs font-medium text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 mb-1">Type *</label>
+                <label className="block text-xs font-medium text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 mb-1">{t('comptabilite.cash.type_label')}</label>
                 <select
                     value={form.type}
                     onChange={f('type')}
                     className="w-full px-3 py-2 text-sm border border-gray-300 dark:border-gray-600 rounded-lg bg-white dark:bg-card dark:text-gray-100 focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-blue-500"
                 >
-                    <option value="CASH">💵 Espèces</option>
-                    <option value="MOBILE_MONEY">📱 Mobile Money (Flooz/TMoney)</option>
-                    <option value="BANK">🏦 Banque</option>
+                    <option value="CASH">{t('comptabilite.cash.opt_cash')}</option>
+                    <option value="MOBILE_MONEY">{t('comptabilite.cash.opt_mobile')}</option>
+                    <option value="BANK">{t('comptabilite.cash.opt_bank')}</option>
                 </select>
             </div>
             <div>
-                <label className="block text-xs font-medium text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 mb-1">Description</label>
-                <Input value={form.description} onChange={f('description')} placeholder="Optionnel" />
+                <label className="block text-xs font-medium text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 mb-1">{t('comptabilite.cash.description')}</label>
+                <Input value={form.description} onChange={f('description')} placeholder={t('comptabilite.cash.description_ph')} />
             </div>
             <div className="sm:col-span-3 flex gap-2">
                 <Button size="sm" className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700" onClick={() => onSubmit(form)}>
                     {submitLabel}
                 </Button>
-                <Button size="sm" variant="outline" onClick={onCancel}>Annuler</Button>
+                <Button size="sm" variant="outline" onClick={onCancel}>{t('common.actions.cancel')}</Button>
             </div>
         </div>
     );
@@ -89,6 +91,7 @@ function AccountForm({ initial, onSubmit, onCancel, submitLabel }: {
 /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
 export default function CashAccounts({ accounts }: Readonly<Props>) {
     const fmt = useMoney();
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const [showCreate, setShowCreate] = useState(false);
     const [editingId, setEditingId]   = useState<string | null>(null);
     const [deletingId, setDeletingId] = useState<string | null>(null);
@@ -115,7 +118,7 @@ export default function CashAccounts({ accounts }: Readonly<Props>) {
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Gestion des caisses" />
+            <Head title={t('comptabilite.cash.head')} />
 
             <div className="space-y-6">
 
@@ -124,22 +127,22 @@ export default function CashAccounts({ accounts }: Readonly<Props>) {
                     <div>
                         <h1 className="text-2xl font-bold text-gray-900 dark:text-white flex items-center gap-2">
                             <Wallet className="w-6 h-6 text-blue-600 dark:text-blue-400" />
-                            Gestion des caisses
+                            {t('comptabilite.cash.title')}
                         </h1>
                         <p className="text-sm text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 mt-1">
-                            Gérez vos caisses : espèces, mobile money, banque.
+                            {t('comptabilite.cash.subtitle')}
                         </p>
                     </div>
                     <Button className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700 gap-2" onClick={() => setShowCreate(v => !v)}>
-                        <Plus className="w-4 h-4" /> Nouvelle caisse
+                        <Plus className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('comptabilite.cash.new')}
                     </Button>
                 </div>
 
                 {/* ── Solde global ── */}
                 <div className="bg-gradient-to-br from-blue-600 to-blue-700 rounded-xl p-6 text-white shadow-lg">
-                    <p className="text-sm font-medium text-blue-100 mb-1">Solde global toutes caisses</p>
+                    <p className="text-sm font-medium text-blue-100 mb-1">{t('comptabilite.cash.global_balance')}</p>
                     <p className="text-4xl font-extrabold">{fmt(totalBalance)}</p>
-                    <p className="text-blue-200 text-xs mt-2">{accounts.filter(a => a.active).length} caisse(s) active(s)</p>
+                    <p className="text-blue-200 text-xs mt-2">{t('comptabilite.cash.active_count', { count: accounts.filter(a => a.active).length })}</p>
                 </div>
 
                 {/* ── Formulaire création ── */}
@@ -148,7 +151,7 @@ export default function CashAccounts({ accounts }: Readonly<Props>) {
                         initial={{ name: '', type: 'CASH', description: '' }}
                         onSubmit={handleCreate}
                         onCancel={() => setShowCreate(false)}
-                        submitLabel="Créer la caisse"
+                        submitLabel={t('comptabilite.cash.create_submit')}
                     />
                 )}
 
@@ -156,8 +159,8 @@ export default function CashAccounts({ accounts }: Readonly<Props>) {
                 {accounts.length === 0 ? (
                     <div className="text-center py-16 text-gray-400">
                         <Wallet className="w-12 h-12 mx-auto mb-3 opacity-30" />
-                        <p>Aucune caisse configurée.</p>
-                        <p className="text-sm mt-1">Créez votre première caisse pour commencer.</p>
+                        <p>{t('comptabilite.cash.empty')}</p>
+                        <p className="text-sm mt-1">{t('comptabilite.cash.empty_hint')}</p>
                     </div>
                 ) : (
                     <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 lg:grid-cols-3 gap-4">
@@ -173,7 +176,7 @@ export default function CashAccounts({ accounts }: Readonly<Props>) {
                                                 initial={{ name: account.name, type: account.type, description: account.description ?? '' }}
                                                 onSubmit={d => handleUpdate(account.id, d)}
                                                 onCancel={() => setEditingId(null)}
-                                                submitLabel="Enregistrer"
+                                                submitLabel={t('common.actions.save')}
                                             />
                                         </div>
                                     ) : (
@@ -184,7 +187,7 @@ export default function CashAccounts({ accounts }: Readonly<Props>) {
                                                     {tc.icon}
                                                 </div>
                                                 <div className="flex-1 min-w-0">
-                                                    <p className={`font-semibold text-sm ${tc.color}`}>{tc.label}</p>
+                                                    <p className={`font-semibold text-sm ${tc.color}`}>{t(`comptabilite.cash.type.${account.type}`)}</p>
                                                     <p className="font-bold text-gray-900 dark:text-white truncate">{account.name}</p>
                                                 </div>
                                                 {account.active
@@ -196,7 +199,7 @@ export default function CashAccounts({ accounts }: Readonly<Props>) {
                                             {/* Body */}
                                             <div className="p-4 space-y-3">
                                                 <div>
-                                                    <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">Solde actuel</p>
+                                                    <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">{t('comptabilite.cash.current_balance')}</p>
                                                     <p className={`text-2xl font-extrabold ${account.balance >= 0 ? 'text-gray-900 dark:text-white' : 'text-red-600'}`}>
                                                         {fmt(account.balance)}
                                                     </p>
@@ -206,15 +209,15 @@ export default function CashAccounts({ accounts }: Readonly<Props>) {
                                                 )}
                                                 <div className="flex items-center justify-between pt-2 border-t border-gray-100 dark:border-gray-700">
                                                     <span className="text-xs text-gray-400">
-                                                        {account.payments_count} paiement(s)
+                                                        {t('comptabilite.cash.payments_count', { count: account.payments_count })}
                                                     </span>
                                                     <div className="flex gap-1.5">
                                                         <Button size="sm" variant="outline" className="gap-1 text-xs"
                                                             onClick={() => setEditingId(account.id)}>
-                                                            <Pencil className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> Modifier
+                                                            <Pencil className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> {t('common.actions.edit')}
                                                         </Button>
                                                         <IconButton
-                                                            label="Supprimer"
+                                                            label={t('common.actions.delete')}
                                                             icon={<Trash2 className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />}
                                                             className="border-red-200 text-red-600 hover:bg-red-50 dark:border-red-800 dark:text-red-400"
                                                             onClick={() => setDeletingId(account.id)}
@@ -234,16 +237,16 @@ export default function CashAccounts({ accounts }: Readonly<Props>) {
             <AlertDialog open={!!deletingId} onOpenChange={() => setDeletingId(null)}>
                 <AlertDialogContent>
                     <AlertDialogHeader>
-                        <AlertDialogTitle>Supprimer cette caisse ?</AlertDialogTitle>
+                        <AlertDialogTitle>{t('comptabilite.cash.delete_title')}</AlertDialogTitle>
                         <AlertDialogDescription>
-                            Cette action est irréversible. Les paiements liés à cette caisse ne seront pas supprimés.
+                            {t('comptabilite.cash.delete_desc')}
                         </AlertDialogDescription>
                     </AlertDialogHeader>
                     <div className="flex justify-end gap-2">
-                        <AlertDialogCancel>Annuler</AlertDialogCancel>
+                        <AlertDialogCancel>{t('common.actions.cancel')}</AlertDialogCancel>
                         <AlertDialogAction className="bg-red-600 hover:bg-red-700"
                             onClick={() => deletingId && handleDelete(deletingId)}>
-                            Supprimer
+                            {t('common.actions.delete')}
                         </AlertDialogAction>
                     </div>
                 </AlertDialogContent>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Comptabilite/Accounting/Dashboard.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Comptabilite/Accounting/Dashboard.tsx
index 2b4ae1e5..45b3c44d 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Comptabilite/Accounting/Dashboard.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Comptabilite/Accounting/Dashboard.tsx
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import {
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { useMoney } from '@/helpers/money';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 import { useChartTheme } from '@/lib/chart-theme';
 
@@ -83,11 +84,11 @@ interface DashboardProps {
 const pct = (paid: number, total: number) =>
     total > 0 ? Math.min(100, Math.round((paid / total) * 100)) : 0;
 
-const statusConfig: Record<InvoiceStatus, { label: string; badge: string; icon: React.ReactNode }> = {
-    ISSUED:         { label: 'Non payé',      badge: 'bg-red-100 text-red-700 dark:bg-red-900/30 dark:text-red-400',        icon: <XCircle className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> },
-    PARTIALLY_PAID: { label: 'Partiel',       badge: 'bg-orange-100 text-orange-700 dark:bg-orange-900/30 dark:text-orange-400', icon: <AlertCircle className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> },
-    PAID:           { label: 'Soldé',         badge: 'bg-green-100 text-green-700 dark:bg-green-900/30 dark:text-green-400', icon: <CheckCircle2 className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> },
-    CANCELLED:      { label: 'Annulé',        badge: 'bg-gray-100 text-gray-500 dark:bg-gray-700 dark:text-gray-400',        icon: <XCircle className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> },
+const statusConfig: Record<InvoiceStatus, { badge: string; icon: React.ReactNode }> = {
+    ISSUED:         { badge: 'bg-red-100 text-red-700 dark:bg-red-900/30 dark:text-red-400',        icon: <XCircle className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> },
+    PARTIALLY_PAID: { badge: 'bg-orange-100 text-orange-700 dark:bg-orange-900/30 dark:text-orange-400', icon: <AlertCircle className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> },
+    PAID:           { badge: 'bg-green-100 text-green-700 dark:bg-green-900/30 dark:text-green-400', icon: <CheckCircle2 className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> },
+    CANCELLED:      { badge: 'bg-gray-100 text-gray-500 dark:bg-gray-700 dark:text-gray-400',        icon: <XCircle className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> },
 };
 
 /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
@@ -169,6 +170,7 @@ export default function AccountingDashboard({
 }: Readonly<DashboardProps>) {
     const theme = useChartTheme();
     const fmt = useMoney();
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const [yearId,  setYearId]  = useState(filters.academic_year_id ?? '');
     const [classId, setClassId] = useState(filters.class_id ?? '');
 
@@ -200,7 +202,7 @@ export default function AccountingDashboard({
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Comptabilité" />
+            <Head title={t('comptabilite.dashboard.head')} />
 
             <div className="space-y-7">
 
@@ -209,10 +211,10 @@ export default function AccountingDashboard({
                     <div>
                         <h1 className="text-2xl font-bold text-gray-900 dark:text-white flex items-center gap-2">
                             <TrendingUp className="w-6 h-6 text-blue-600 dark:text-blue-400" />
-                            Tableau de bord comptable
+                            {t('comptabilite.dashboard.title')}
                         </h1>
                         <p className="text-sm text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 mt-1">
-                            {currentYear ? `Année scolaire ${currentYear.year}` : 'Toutes les années'}
+                            {currentYear ? t('comptabilite.dashboard.year_prefix', { year: currentYear.year }) : t('comptabilite.dashboard.all_years')}
                             {classId && ` · ${classrooms.find(c => c.id === classId)?.name ?? ''}`}
                         </p>
                     </div>
@@ -221,7 +223,7 @@ export default function AccountingDashboard({
                     <div className="flex items-center gap-2 flex-wrap">
                         <div className="flex items-center gap-1.5 text-xs text-gray-400">
                             <Filter className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />
-                            Filtrer :
+                            {t('comptabilite.dashboard.filter')}
                         </div>
                         <div className="relative">
                             <select
@@ -229,7 +231,7 @@ export default function AccountingDashboard({
                                 onChange={e => { setYearId(e.target.value); applyFilters(e.target.value); }}
                                 className="pl-3 pr-8 py-2 text-sm border border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-600 rounded-lg bg-white dark:bg-card dark:text-gray-100 appearance-none focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-blue-500"
                             >
-                                <option value="">Toutes les années</option>
+                                <option value="">{t('comptabilite.dashboard.all_years')}</option>
                                 {academicYears.map(y => (
                                     <option key={y.id} value={y.id}>{y.year}{y.active ? ' ✓' : ''}</option>
                                 ))}
@@ -243,7 +245,7 @@ export default function AccountingDashboard({
                                 onChange={e => { setClassId(e.target.value); applyFilters(undefined, e.target.value); }}
                                 className="pl-3 pr-8 py-2 text-sm border border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-600 rounded-lg bg-white dark:bg-card dark:text-gray-100 appearance-none focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-blue-500"
                             >
-                                <option value="">Toutes les classes</option>
+                                <option value="">{t('comptabilite.dashboard.all_classes')}</option>
                                 {classrooms.map(c => (
                                     <option key={c.id} value={c.id}>{c.name} ({c.code})</option>
                                 ))}
@@ -254,7 +256,7 @@ export default function AccountingDashboard({
                         {(yearId || classId) && (
                             <Button size="sm" variant="outline" onClick={() => { setYearId(''); setClassId(''); applyFilters('', ''); }}
                                 className="text-xs gap-1">
-                                <XCircle className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> Réinitialiser
+                                <XCircle className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> {t('comptabilite.dashboard.reset')}
                             </Button>
                         )}
                     </div>
@@ -268,10 +270,10 @@ export default function AccountingDashboard({
                         </div>
                         <div className="flex-1">
                             <p className="text-sm font-semibold text-red-700 dark:text-red-400">
-                                {toSend.length} élève{toSend.length > 1 ? 's' : ''} n'ont effectué aucun paiement
+                                {t('comptabilite.dashboard.alert_unpaid', { count: toSend.length })}
                             </p>
                             <p className="text-xs text-red-500 dark:text-red-400 mt-0.5">
-                                Ces élèves sont susceptibles d'être renvoyés si la situation n'évolue pas.
+                                {t('comptabilite.dashboard.alert_unpaid_hint')}
                             </p>
                         </div>
                     </div>
@@ -280,31 +282,31 @@ export default function AccountingDashboard({
                 {/* ── KPIs ── */}
                 <div className="grid grid-cols-2 lg:grid-cols-4 gap-4">
                     <KpiCard
-                        title="Total facturé"
+                        title={t('comptabilite.dashboard.total_billed')}
                         value={fmt(globalStats?.total_amount ?? 0)}
-                        sub={`${globalStats?.total_invoices ?? 0} factures`}
+                        sub={t('comptabilite.dashboard.invoices', { count: globalStats?.total_invoices ?? 0 })}
                         icon={Banknote}
                         color="blue"
                     />
                     <KpiCard
-                        title="Encaissé"
+                        title={t('comptabilite.dashboard.collected')}
                         value={fmt(globalStats?.total_paid ?? 0)}
-                        sub={`${collectedPct}% du total`}
+                        sub={t('comptabilite.dashboard.of_total', { pct: collectedPct })}
                         icon={CheckCircle2}
                         color="green"
-                        trend={{ value: collectedPct, label: `${collectedPct}% recouvré` }}
+                        trend={{ value: collectedPct, label: t('comptabilite.dashboard.recovered', { pct: collectedPct }) }}
                     />
                     <KpiCard
-                        title="Reste à recouvrer"
+                        title={t('comptabilite.dashboard.remaining')}
                         value={fmt(globalStats?.total_remaining ?? 0)}
-                        sub={`${(globalStats?.issued_count ?? 0) + (globalStats?.partial_count ?? 0)} dossiers ouverts`}
+                        sub={t('comptabilite.dashboard.open_files', { count: (globalStats?.issued_count ?? 0) + (globalStats?.partial_count ?? 0) })}
                         icon={Clock}
                         color="orange"
                     />
                     <KpiCard
-                        title="Soldés / En retard"
+                        title={t('comptabilite.dashboard.paid_late')}
                         value={`${globalStats?.paid_count ?? 0} / ${globalStats?.issued_count ?? 0}`}
-                        sub={`${globalStats?.partial_count ?? 0} paiements partiels`}
+                        sub={t('comptabilite.dashboard.partial_payments', { count: globalStats?.partial_count ?? 0 })}
                         icon={Users}
                         color="red"
                     />
@@ -313,7 +315,7 @@ export default function AccountingDashboard({
                 {/* ── Barre de recouvrement globale ── */}
                 <div className="bg-white dark:bg-card rounded-xl border border-gray-100 dark:border-gray-700 p-5 shadow-sm">
                     <div className="flex items-center justify-between mb-3">
-                        <p className="text-sm font-semibold text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300">Taux de recouvrement global</p>
+                        <p className="text-sm font-semibold text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300">{t('comptabilite.dashboard.recovery_global')}</p>
                         <span className="text-2xl font-extrabold text-blue-600 dark:text-blue-400">{collectedPct}%</span>
                     </div>
                     <ProgressBar
@@ -323,14 +325,14 @@ export default function AccountingDashboard({
                     />
                     <div className="flex justify-between text-xs text-gray-400 mt-2">
                         <span>0 F</span>
-                        <span>{fmt(globalStats?.total_paid ?? 0)} encaissés sur {fmt(globalStats?.total_amount ?? 0)}</span>
+                        <span>{t('comptabilite.dashboard.collected_of', { paid: fmt(globalStats?.total_paid ?? 0), total: fmt(globalStats?.total_amount ?? 0) })}</span>
                     </div>
                 </div>
 
                 {/* ── Évolution mensuelle ── */}
                 {monthlyPayments.length > 0 && (
                     <div className="bg-white dark:bg-card rounded-xl border border-gray-100 dark:border-gray-700 p-5 shadow-sm">
-                        <SectionHeader icon={<TrendingUp className="w-4 h-4" />} title="Évolution mensuelle des encaissements" />
+                        <SectionHeader icon={<TrendingUp className="w-4 h-4" />} title={t('comptabilite.dashboard.monthly')} />
                         <div className="h-72 mt-4 -ml-2">
                             <ResponsiveContainer width="100%" height="100%">
                                 <ComposedChart data={chartData} margin={{ top: 10, right: 12, left: 4, bottom: 0 }}>
@@ -341,19 +343,19 @@ export default function AccountingDashboard({
                                         tickFormatter={(v: number) => (v >= 1000 ? `${Math.round(v / 1000)}k` : String(v))}
                                     />
                                     <Tooltip
-                                        formatter={(value, name) => [fmt(Number(value)), name === 'encaisse' ? 'Encaissé du mois' : 'Cumul encaissé']}
+                                        formatter={(value, name) => [fmt(Number(value)), name === 'encaisse' ? t('comptabilite.dashboard.month_collected') : t('comptabilite.dashboard.cumul_collected')]}
                                         labelFormatter={(_label, payload) => payload?.[0]?.payload?.fullLabel ?? ''}
                                         contentStyle={theme.tooltip.contentStyle} itemStyle={theme.tooltip.itemStyle}
                                     />
                                     <Legend
                                         formatter={(value: string) =>
-                                            value === 'encaisse' ? 'Encaissé du mois' : value === 'cumul' ? 'Cumul encaissé' : 'Total attendu'
+                                            value === 'encaisse' ? t('comptabilite.dashboard.month_collected') : value === 'cumul' ? t('comptabilite.dashboard.cumul_collected') : t('comptabilite.dashboard.expected')
                                         }
                                         wrapperStyle={{ fontSize: 12 }}
                                     />
                                     {totalExpected > 0 && (
                                         <ReferenceLine y={totalExpected} stroke={theme.status.warning} strokeDasharray="5 5"
-                                            label={{ value: 'Attendu', position: 'right', fill: theme.status.warning, fontSize: 11 }} />
+                                            label={{ value: t('comptabilite.dashboard.expected_short'), position: 'right', fill: theme.status.warning, fontSize: 11 }} />
                                     )}
                                     <Bar dataKey="encaisse" name="encaisse" fill={theme.primary} radius={[6, 6, 0, 0]} maxBarSize={44} />
                                     <Line type="monotone" dataKey="cumul" name="cumul" stroke={theme.series[2]} strokeWidth={2.5} dot={{ r: 3 }} />
@@ -369,7 +371,7 @@ export default function AccountingDashboard({
                         <div className="px-5 pt-5 pb-3">
                             <SectionHeader
                                 icon={<BookOpen className="w-4 h-4" />}
-                                title="Situation par classe"
+                                title={t('comptabilite.dashboard.by_class')}
                                 count={byClass.length}
                             />
                         </div>
@@ -377,13 +379,13 @@ export default function AccountingDashboard({
                             <table className="w-full text-sm">
                                 <thead>
                                     <tr className="border-b border-gray-100 dark:border-gray-700 bg-gray-50 dark:bg-gray-800/50">
-                                        <th className="px-5 py-3 text-left text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide">Classe</th>
-                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-right text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide">Élèves</th>
-                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-right text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide">Facturé</th>
-                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-right text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide">Encaissé</th>
-                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-right text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide">Reste</th>
-                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide min-w-[140px]">Taux</th>
-                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide">Statuts</th>
+                                        <th className="px-5 py-3 text-left text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide">{t('comptabilite.dashboard.col_class')}</th>
+                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-right text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide">{t('comptabilite.dashboard.col_students')}</th>
+                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-right text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide">{t('comptabilite.dashboard.col_billed')}</th>
+                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-right text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide">{t('comptabilite.dashboard.col_collected')}</th>
+                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-right text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide">{t('comptabilite.dashboard.col_remaining')}</th>
+                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide min-w-[140px]">{t('comptabilite.dashboard.col_rate')}</th>
+                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide">{t('comptabilite.dashboard.col_statuses')}</th>
                                     </tr>
                                 </thead>
                                 <tbody className="divide-y divide-gray-50 dark:divide-gray-700/50">
@@ -451,22 +453,22 @@ export default function AccountingDashboard({
                         <div className="flex items-start justify-between gap-3">
                             <SectionHeader
                                 icon={<AlertTriangle className="w-4 h-4" />}
-                                title="Élèves avec solde impayé"
+                                title={t('comptabilite.dashboard.unpaid_title')}
                                 count={studentsUnpaidTotal}
                             />
                             {studentsUnpaidTotal > studentsUnpaid.length && (
                                 <Button variant="outline" size="sm" className="gap-1.5 shrink-0"
                                     onClick={() => router.get(route('accounting.situation'), { academic_year_id: yearId || undefined, class_id: classId || undefined })}>
-                                    <Eye className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> Voir tout
+                                    <Eye className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> {t('comptabilite.dashboard.view_all')}
                                 </Button>
                             )}
                         </div>
                         {studentsUnpaid.length > 0 && (
                             <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 mt-1 mb-2">
                                 {studentsUnpaidTotal > studentsUnpaid.length
-                                    ? `Top ${studentsUnpaid.length} des plus gros soldes sur ${studentsUnpaidTotal} · `
-                                    : 'Triés par montant restant décroissant · '}
-                                <span className="text-red-500 font-medium">{toSend.length} aucun paiement</span>
+                                    ? t('comptabilite.dashboard.top_n', { shown: studentsUnpaid.length, total: studentsUnpaidTotal })
+                                    : t('comptabilite.dashboard.sorted')}
+                                <span className="text-red-500 font-medium">{t('comptabilite.dashboard.no_payment_count', { count: toSend.length })}</span>
                             </p>
                         )}
                     </div>
@@ -476,21 +478,21 @@ export default function AccountingDashboard({
                             <div className="w-14 h-14 rounded-full bg-green-50 dark:bg-green-900/20 flex items-center justify-center mx-auto mb-3">
                                 <CheckCircle2 className="w-7 h-7 text-green-500" />
                             </div>
-                            <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300">Tous les élèves sont à jour</p>
-                            <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 mt-1">Aucun solde impayé pour les filtres sélectionnés.</p>
+                            <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300">{t('comptabilite.dashboard.all_uptodate')}</p>
+                            <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 mt-1">{t('comptabilite.dashboard.all_uptodate_hint')}</p>
                         </div>
                     ) : (
                         <div className="overflow-x-auto">
                             <table className="w-full text-sm">
                                 <thead>
                                     <tr className="border-b border-gray-100 dark:border-gray-700 bg-gray-50 dark:bg-gray-800/50">
-                                        <th className="px-5 py-3 text-left text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide">Élève</th>
-                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-left text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide">Classe</th>
-                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-right text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide">Total</th>
-                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-right text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide">Payé</th>
-                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-right text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide">Reste</th>
-                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide">Statut</th>
-                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide">Risque</th>
+                                        <th className="px-5 py-3 text-left text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide">{t('comptabilite.dashboard.col_student')}</th>
+                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-left text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide">{t('comptabilite.dashboard.col_class')}</th>
+                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-right text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide">{t('comptabilite.dashboard.col_total')}</th>
+                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-right text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide">{t('comptabilite.dashboard.col_paid')}</th>
+                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-right text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide">{t('comptabilite.dashboard.col_remaining')}</th>
+                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide">{t('comptabilite.dashboard.col_status')}</th>
+                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide">{t('comptabilite.dashboard.col_risk')}</th>
                                         <th className="px-4 py-3"></th>
                                     </tr>
                                 </thead>
@@ -530,18 +532,18 @@ export default function AccountingDashboard({
                                                 <td className="px-4 py-3.5">
                                                     {st && (
                                                         <span className={`inline-flex items-center gap-1 px-2.5 py-1 rounded-full text-xs font-semibold ${st.badge}`}>
-                                                            {st.icon}{st.label}
+                                                            {st.icon}{t(`comptabilite.dashboard.status.${inv!.status}`)}
                                                         </span>
                                                     )}
                                                 </td>
                                                 <td className="px-4 py-3.5">
                                                     {isHighRisk ? (
                                                         <span className="inline-flex items-center gap-1 px-2.5 py-1 rounded-full text-xs font-semibold bg-red-100 text-red-700 dark:bg-red-900/30 dark:text-red-400">
-                                                            <AlertTriangle className="w-3 h-3" /> À renvoyer
+                                                            <AlertTriangle className="w-3 h-3" /> {t('comptabilite.dashboard.to_expel')}
                                                         </span>
                                                     ) : (
                                                         <span className="inline-flex items-center gap-1 px-2.5 py-1 rounded-full text-xs font-semibold bg-orange-100 text-orange-700 dark:bg-orange-900/30 dark:text-orange-400">
-                                                            <AlertCircle className="w-3 h-3" /> Partiel
+                                                            <AlertCircle className="w-3 h-3" /> {t('comptabilite.dashboard.partial')}
                                                         </span>
                                                     )}
                                                 </td>
@@ -553,7 +555,7 @@ export default function AccountingDashboard({
                                                         onClick={() => router.get(route('enrollments.invoice', e.id))}
                                                     >
                                                         <Eye className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />
-                                                        Suivi
+                                                        {t('comptabilite.dashboard.follow')}
                                                     </Button>
                                                 </td>
                                             </tr>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Comptabilite/Accounting/Situation.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Comptabilite/Accounting/Situation.tsx
index a7dc67bd..4a6d3cca 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Comptabilite/Accounting/Situation.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Comptabilite/Accounting/Situation.tsx
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import {
 import { useState } from 'react';
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
@@ -72,11 +73,11 @@ interface Props {
 const pct = (paid: number, total: number) =>
     total > 0 ? Math.min(100, Math.round((paid / total) * 100)) : 0;
 
-const statusConfig: Record<InvoiceStatus, { label: string; bg: string; text: string; icon: React.ReactNode }> = {
-    PAID:           { label: 'Soldé',    bg: 'bg-green-100 dark:bg-green-900/30', text: 'text-green-700 dark:text-green-400', icon: <CheckCircle2 className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> },
-    PARTIALLY_PAID: { label: 'Partiel',  bg: 'bg-orange-100 dark:bg-orange-900/30', text: 'text-orange-700 dark:text-orange-400', icon: <AlertCircle className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> },
-    ISSUED:         { label: 'Non payé', bg: 'bg-red-100 dark:bg-red-900/30',    text: 'text-red-700 dark:text-red-400',    icon: <XCircle className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> },
-    CANCELLED:      { label: 'Annulé',   bg: 'bg-gray-100 dark:bg-gray-700',      text: 'text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400',  icon: <XCircle className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> },
+const statusConfig: Record<InvoiceStatus, { bg: string; text: string; icon: React.ReactNode }> = {
+    PAID:           { bg: 'bg-green-100 dark:bg-green-900/30', text: 'text-green-700 dark:text-green-400', icon: <CheckCircle2 className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> },
+    PARTIALLY_PAID: { bg: 'bg-orange-100 dark:bg-orange-900/30', text: 'text-orange-700 dark:text-orange-400', icon: <AlertCircle className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> },
+    ISSUED:         { bg: 'bg-red-100 dark:bg-red-900/30',    text: 'text-red-700 dark:text-red-400',    icon: <XCircle className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> },
+    CANCELLED:      { bg: 'bg-gray-100 dark:bg-gray-700',      text: 'text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400',  icon: <XCircle className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> },
 };
 
 /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
@@ -124,6 +125,7 @@ export default function Situation({
     academicYears, classrooms, filters, globalStats, byClass, students,
 }: Readonly<Props>) {
     const fmt = useMoney();
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const [yearId,  setYearId]  = useState(filters.academic_year_id ?? '');
     const [classId, setClassId] = useState(filters.class_id ?? '');
 
@@ -159,7 +161,7 @@ export default function Situation({
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Situation par classe" />
+            <Head title={t('comptabilite.situation.head')} />
 
             <div className="space-y-6">
 
@@ -168,11 +170,11 @@ export default function Situation({
                     <div>
                         <h1 className="text-2xl font-bold text-gray-900 dark:text-white flex items-center gap-2">
                             <PieChart className="w-6 h-6 text-blue-600 dark:text-blue-400" />
-                            Situation par classe
+                            {t('comptabilite.situation.title')}
                         </h1>
                         <p className="text-sm text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 mt-1">
-                            {currentYear ? `Année ${currentYear.year}` : 'Toutes les années'}
-                            {selectedClass ? ` · Classe ${selectedClass.name}` : ' · Toutes les classes'}
+                            {currentYear ? t('comptabilite.situation.year', { year: currentYear.year }) : t('comptabilite.dashboard.all_years')}
+                            {selectedClass ? ` · ${t('comptabilite.situation.class_prefix', { name: selectedClass.name })}` : ` · ${t('comptabilite.situation.all_classes_suffix')}`}
                         </p>
                     </div>
 
@@ -180,7 +182,7 @@ export default function Situation({
                     <div className="flex items-center gap-2 flex-wrap">
                         <div className="flex items-center gap-1.5 text-xs text-gray-400">
                             <Filter className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />
-                            Filtrer :
+                            {t('comptabilite.dashboard.filter')}
                         </div>
 
                         <div className="relative">
@@ -189,7 +191,7 @@ export default function Situation({
                                 onChange={e => { setYearId(e.target.value); applyFilters(e.target.value); }}
                                 className={sel}
                             >
-                                <option value="">Toutes les années</option>
+                                <option value="">{t('comptabilite.dashboard.all_years')}</option>
                                 {academicYears.map(y => (
                                     <option key={y.id} value={y.id}>{y.year}{y.active ? ' ✓' : ''}</option>
                                 ))}
@@ -203,7 +205,7 @@ export default function Situation({
                                 onChange={e => { setClassId(e.target.value); applyFilters(undefined, e.target.value); }}
                                 className={sel}
                             >
-                                <option value="">Toutes les classes</option>
+                                <option value="">{t('comptabilite.dashboard.all_classes')}</option>
                                 {classrooms.map(c => (
                                     <option key={c.id} value={c.id}>{c.name} ({c.code})</option>
                                 ))}
@@ -214,7 +216,7 @@ export default function Situation({
                         {(yearId || classId) && (
                             <Button size="sm" variant="outline" className="text-xs gap-1"
                                 onClick={() => { setYearId(''); setClassId(''); applyFilters('', ''); }}>
-                                <XCircle className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> Réinitialiser
+                                <XCircle className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> {t('comptabilite.dashboard.reset')}
                             </Button>
                         )}
                     </div>
@@ -223,30 +225,30 @@ export default function Situation({
                 {/* ── KPI cards ── */}
                 <div className="grid grid-cols-2 lg:grid-cols-4 gap-4">
                     <StatCard
-                        title="Élèves concernés"
+                        title={t('comptabilite.situation.students_concerned')}
                         value={String(globalStats.total_students)}
-                        sub={`${byClass.length} classe(s)`}
+                        sub={t('comptabilite.situation.classes_count', { count: byClass.length })}
                         icon={Users}
                         color="blue"
                     />
                     <StatCard
-                        title="Total encaissé"
+                        title={t('comptabilite.situation.total_collected')}
                         value={fmt(globalStats.amount_paid)}
-                        sub={`${pct(globalStats.amount_paid, globalStats.total_amount)}% du facturé`}
+                        sub={t('comptabilite.situation.of_billed', { pct: pct(globalStats.amount_paid, globalStats.total_amount) })}
                         icon={TrendingUp}
                         color="green"
                     />
                     <StatCard
-                        title="Reste à recouvrer"
+                        title={t('comptabilite.situation.remaining')}
                         value={fmt(globalStats.amount_remaining)}
-                        sub={`${unpaidStudentsInView} dossier(s) en attente`}
+                        sub={t('comptabilite.situation.pending_files', { count: unpaidStudentsInView })}
                         icon={TrendingDown}
                         color="orange"
                     />
                     <StatCard
-                        title="Soldés / Non payés"
+                        title={t('comptabilite.situation.paid_unpaid')}
                         value={`${globalStats.paid_count} / ${globalStats.issued_count}`}
-                        sub={`${globalStats.partial_count} paiement(s) partiel(s)`}
+                        sub={t('comptabilite.situation.partial_count', { count: globalStats.partial_count })}
                         icon={PieChart}
                         color="red"
                     />
@@ -256,7 +258,7 @@ export default function Situation({
                 {globalStats.total_amount > 0 && (
                     <div className="bg-white dark:bg-card rounded-xl border border-gray-100 dark:border-gray-700 p-5 shadow-sm">
                         <div className="flex items-center justify-between mb-3">
-                            <p className="text-sm font-semibold text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300">Taux de recouvrement global</p>
+                            <p className="text-sm font-semibold text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300">{t('comptabilite.dashboard.recovery_global')}</p>
                             <span className="text-2xl font-extrabold text-blue-600 dark:text-blue-400">
                                 {pct(globalStats.amount_paid, globalStats.total_amount)}%
                             </span>
@@ -271,7 +273,7 @@ export default function Situation({
                         </div>
                         <div className="flex justify-between text-xs text-gray-400 mt-2">
                             <span>0 F</span>
-                            <span>{fmt(globalStats.amount_paid)} sur {fmt(globalStats.total_amount)}</span>
+                            <span>{t('comptabilite.situation.collected_of_short', { paid: fmt(globalStats.amount_paid), total: fmt(globalStats.total_amount) })}</span>
                         </div>
                     </div>
                 )}
@@ -283,7 +285,7 @@ export default function Situation({
                             <div className="w-8 h-8 rounded-lg bg-gray-100 dark:bg-gray-700 flex items-center justify-center text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-400">
                                 <BookOpen className="w-4 h-4" />
                             </div>
-                            <h2 className="font-semibold text-gray-900 dark:text-white">Résumé par classe</h2>
+                            <h2 className="font-semibold text-gray-900 dark:text-white">{t('comptabilite.situation.summary_by_class')}</h2>
                             <span className="text-xs font-semibold bg-gray-100 dark:bg-gray-700 text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300 px-2.5 py-1 rounded-full">
                                 {byClass.length}
                             </span>
@@ -293,21 +295,21 @@ export default function Situation({
                     {byClass.length === 0 ? (
                         <div className="px-5 py-12 text-center text-gray-400">
                             <BookOpen className="w-10 h-10 mx-auto mb-3 opacity-30" />
-                            <p className="text-sm">Aucune donnée pour les filtres sélectionnés</p>
+                            <p className="text-sm">{t('comptabilite.situation.no_data')}</p>
                         </div>
                     ) : (
                         <div className="overflow-x-auto">
                             <table className="w-full text-sm">
                                 <thead>
                                     <tr className="border-b border-gray-100 dark:border-gray-700 bg-gray-50 dark:bg-gray-800/50">
-                                        <th className="px-5 py-3 text-left text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide">Classe</th>
-                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-right text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide">Élèves</th>
-                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-right text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide">Facturé</th>
-                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-right text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide">Encaissé</th>
-                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-right text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide">Reste</th>
-                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide min-w-[140px]">Taux</th>
-                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide">Statuts</th>
-                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide">Export</th>
+                                        <th className="px-5 py-3 text-left text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide">{t('comptabilite.dashboard.col_class')}</th>
+                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-right text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide">{t('comptabilite.dashboard.col_students')}</th>
+                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-right text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide">{t('comptabilite.dashboard.col_billed')}</th>
+                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-right text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide">{t('comptabilite.dashboard.col_collected')}</th>
+                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-right text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide">{t('comptabilite.dashboard.col_remaining')}</th>
+                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide min-w-[140px]">{t('comptabilite.dashboard.col_rate')}</th>
+                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide">{t('comptabilite.dashboard.col_statuses')}</th>
+                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide">{t('comptabilite.situation.col_export')}</th>
                                     </tr>
                                 </thead>
                                 <tbody className="divide-y divide-gray-50 dark:divide-gray-700/50">
@@ -335,7 +337,7 @@ export default function Situation({
                                                             <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">{c.class_code}</p>
                                                         </div>
                                                         {isActive && (
-                                                            <span className="ml-1 text-xs bg-blue-600 text-white px-2 py-0.5 rounded-full">sélectionnée</span>
+                                                            <span className="ml-1 text-xs bg-blue-600 text-white px-2 py-0.5 rounded-full">{t('comptabilite.situation.selected')}</span>
                                                         )}
                                                     </div>
                                                 </td>
@@ -373,16 +375,16 @@ export default function Situation({
                                                         <a
                                                             href={route('accounting.situation.export') + `?class_id=${c.class_id}${yearId ? `&academic_year_id=${yearId}` : ''}&type=all`}
                                                             className="inline-flex items-center gap-1 text-xs px-2 py-1 rounded-lg border border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-600 text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300 hover:border-blue-400 hover:text-blue-600 dark:hover:text-blue-400 transition-colors"
-                                                            title="Exporter tout"
+                                                            title={t('comptabilite.situation.export_all_title')}
                                                         >
-                                                            <Download className="w-3 h-3" /> Tout
+                                                            <Download className="w-3 h-3" /> {t('comptabilite.situation.export_all')}
                                                         </a>
                                                         <a
                                                             href={route('accounting.situation.export') + `?class_id=${c.class_id}${yearId ? `&academic_year_id=${yearId}` : ''}&type=unpaid`}
                                                             className="inline-flex items-center gap-1 text-xs px-2 py-1 rounded-lg border border-red-200 text-red-600 hover:bg-red-50 dark:border-red-800 dark:text-red-400 dark:hover:bg-red-900/20 transition-colors"
-                                                            title="Exporter impayés"
+                                                            title={t('comptabilite.situation.export_unpaid_title')}
                                                         >
-                                                            <Download className="w-3 h-3" /> Impayés
+                                                            <Download className="w-3 h-3" /> {t('comptabilite.situation.export_unpaid')}
                                                         </a>
                                                     </div>
                                                 </td>
@@ -407,10 +409,10 @@ export default function Situation({
                                 </div>
                                 <div>
                                     <h2 className="font-semibold text-gray-900 dark:text-white">
-                                        Élèves — {selectedClass?.name}
+                                        {t('comptabilite.situation.students_of', { name: selectedClass?.name ?? '' })}
                                     </h2>
                                     <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 mt-0.5">
-                                        {students.length} élève(s) · {highRiskCount} sans aucun paiement
+                                        {t('comptabilite.situation.students_sub', { count: students.length, risk: highRiskCount })}
                                     </p>
                                 </div>
                             </div>
@@ -422,14 +424,14 @@ export default function Situation({
                                     className="inline-flex items-center gap-1.5 text-sm px-3 py-2 rounded-lg border border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-600 text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 hover:border-blue-400 hover:text-blue-600 dark:hover:text-blue-400 transition-colors font-medium"
                                 >
                                     <Download className="w-4 h-4" />
-                                    Exporter tout
+                                    {t('comptabilite.situation.export_all_title')}
                                 </a>
                                 <a
                                     href={buildExportUrl('unpaid')}
                                     className="inline-flex items-center gap-1.5 text-sm px-3 py-2 rounded-lg border border-red-300 text-red-600 hover:bg-red-50 dark:border-red-700 dark:text-red-400 dark:hover:bg-red-900/20 transition-colors font-medium"
                                 >
                                     <Download className="w-4 h-4" />
-                                    Exporter impayés
+                                    {t('comptabilite.situation.export_unpaid_title')}
                                 </a>
                             </div>
                         </div>
@@ -438,13 +440,13 @@ export default function Situation({
                             <table className="w-full text-sm">
                                 <thead>
                                     <tr className="border-b border-gray-100 dark:border-gray-700 bg-gray-50 dark:bg-gray-800/50">
-                                        <th className="px-5 py-3 text-left text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide">Élève</th>
-                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-left text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide">N° Facture</th>
-                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-right text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide">Total</th>
-                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-right text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide">Payé</th>
-                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-right text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide">Reste</th>
-                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide min-w-[120px]">Progression</th>
-                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide">Statut</th>
+                                        <th className="px-5 py-3 text-left text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide">{t('comptabilite.dashboard.col_student')}</th>
+                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-left text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide">{t('comptabilite.situation.col_invoice')}</th>
+                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-right text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide">{t('comptabilite.dashboard.col_total')}</th>
+                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-right text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide">{t('comptabilite.dashboard.col_paid')}</th>
+                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-right text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide">{t('comptabilite.dashboard.col_remaining')}</th>
+                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide min-w-[120px]">{t('comptabilite.situation.col_progress')}</th>
+                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide">{t('comptabilite.dashboard.col_status')}</th>
                                         <th className="px-4 py-3"></th>
                                     </tr>
                                 </thead>
@@ -488,7 +490,7 @@ export default function Situation({
                                                 </td>
                                                 <td className="px-4 py-3.5 text-right font-bold text-red-500 dark:text-red-400">
                                                     {s.amount_remaining > 0 ? fmt(s.amount_remaining) : (
-                                                        <span className="text-green-600 dark:text-green-400">Soldé</span>
+                                                        <span className="text-green-600 dark:text-green-400">{t('comptabilite.situation.settled')}</span>
                                                     )}
                                                 </td>
                                                 <td className="px-4 py-3.5 min-w-[120px]">
@@ -499,7 +501,7 @@ export default function Situation({
                                                 </td>
                                                 <td className="px-4 py-3.5">
                                                     <span className={`inline-flex items-center gap-1 px-2.5 py-1 rounded-full text-xs font-semibold ${st.bg} ${st.text}`}>
-                                                        {st.icon}{st.label}
+                                                        {st.icon}{t(`comptabilite.dashboard.status.${s.status}`)}
                                                     </span>
                                                 </td>
                                                 <td className="px-4 py-3.5">
@@ -510,7 +512,7 @@ export default function Situation({
                                                         onClick={() => router.get(route('enrollments.invoice', s.enrollment_id))}
                                                     >
                                                         <Eye className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />
-                                                        Suivi
+                                                        {t('comptabilite.dashboard.follow')}
                                                     </Button>
                                                 </td>
                                             </tr>
@@ -522,7 +524,7 @@ export default function Situation({
                                 <tfoot>
                                     <tr className="border-t-2 border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 bg-gray-50 dark:bg-gray-800/50 font-semibold">
                                         <td className="px-5 py-3 text-xs text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400" colSpan={2}>
-                                            {students.length} élève(s)
+                                            {t('comptabilite.situation.total_students_foot', { count: students.length })}
                                         </td>
                                         <td className="px-4 py-3 text-right text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300">
                                             {fmt(students.reduce((acc, s) => acc + s.total, 0))}
@@ -545,7 +547,7 @@ export default function Situation({
                 {classId && students.length === 0 && (
                     <div className="bg-white dark:bg-card rounded-xl border border-gray-100 dark:border-gray-700 shadow-sm px-5 py-12 text-center text-gray-400">
                         <CheckCircle2 className="w-10 h-10 mx-auto mb-3 text-green-400 opacity-60" />
-                        <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300">Aucun élève dans cette classe</p>
+                        <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300">{t('comptabilite.situation.empty_class')}</p>
                     </div>
                 )}
 
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Comptabilite/Accounting/Transactions.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Comptabilite/Accounting/Transactions.tsx
index 702ec360..114081cd 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Comptabilite/Accounting/Transactions.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Comptabilite/Accounting/Transactions.tsx
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import {
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { Tooltip, TooltipContent, TooltipTrigger } from '@/components/ui/tooltip';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
@@ -67,16 +68,16 @@ const todayStr      = () => new Date().toISOString().slice(0, 10);
 const firstOfMonth  = () => { const d = new Date(); d.setDate(1); return d.toISOString().slice(0, 10); };
 const firstOfYear   = () => { const d = new Date(); d.setMonth(0, 1); return d.toISOString().slice(0, 10); };
 
-const txConfig: Record<TxType, { label: string; bg: string; text: string; icon: React.ReactNode }> = {
-    INCOME:  { label: 'Entrée', bg: 'bg-green-100 dark:bg-green-900/30', text: 'text-green-700 dark:text-green-400', icon: <ArrowUpRight className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> },
-    EXPENSE: { label: 'Sortie', bg: 'bg-red-100 dark:bg-red-900/30',    text: 'text-red-700 dark:text-red-400',    icon: <ArrowDownRight className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> },
+const txConfig: Record<TxType, { bg: string; text: string; icon: React.ReactNode }> = {
+    INCOME:  { bg: 'bg-green-100 dark:bg-green-900/30', text: 'text-green-700 dark:text-green-400', icon: <ArrowUpRight className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> },
+    EXPENSE: { bg: 'bg-red-100 dark:bg-red-900/30',    text: 'text-red-700 dark:text-red-400',    icon: <ArrowDownRight className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> },
 };
 
-const refConfig: Record<ReferenceType, { label: string; color: string }> = {
-    PAYMENT:      { label: 'Paiement',   color: 'bg-blue-50 text-blue-600 dark:bg-blue-900/20 dark:text-blue-400' },
-    SCHOLARSHIP:  { label: 'Bourse',     color: 'bg-purple-50 text-purple-600 dark:bg-purple-900/20 dark:text-purple-400' },
-    EXPENSE:      { label: 'Dépense',    color: 'bg-orange-50 text-orange-600 dark:bg-orange-900/20 dark:text-orange-400' },
-    CANCELLATION: { label: 'Annulation', color: 'bg-gray-100 text-gray-500 dark:bg-gray-700 dark:text-gray-400' },
+const refConfig: Record<ReferenceType, { color: string }> = {
+    PAYMENT:      { color: 'bg-blue-50 text-blue-600 dark:bg-blue-900/20 dark:text-blue-400' },
+    SCHOLARSHIP:  { color: 'bg-purple-50 text-purple-600 dark:bg-purple-900/20 dark:text-purple-400' },
+    EXPENSE:      { color: 'bg-orange-50 text-orange-600 dark:bg-orange-900/20 dark:text-orange-400' },
+    CANCELLATION: { color: 'bg-gray-100 text-gray-500 dark:bg-gray-700 dark:text-gray-400' },
 };
 
 const cashTypeIcon: Record<CashType, React.ReactNode> = {
@@ -121,6 +122,8 @@ const PER_PAGE_OPTIONS = [10, 25, 50, 100];
 
 export default function Transactions({ transactions, cashAccounts, cashSummary, categories, totals, perPage, filters }: Readonly<Props>) {
     const fmt = useMoney();
+    const { t, locale } = useTranslation();
+    const dateLocale = locale === 'en' ? 'en-GB' : 'fr-FR';
 
     const [type,          setType]          = useState(filters.type ?? '');
     const [refType,       setRefType]       = useState(filters.reference_type ?? '');
@@ -181,10 +184,10 @@ export default function Transactions({ transactions, cashAccounts, cashSummary,
     };
 
     const activeFilters = [
-        type          && { key: 'type',          label: type === 'INCOME' ? 'Entrées' : 'Sorties',                       clear: () => { setType('');          push({ type: '' }); } },
-        refType       && { key: 'refType',        label: refConfig[refType as ReferenceType]?.label ?? refType,            clear: () => { setRefType('');       push({ refType: '' }); } },
+        type          && { key: 'type',          label: type === 'INCOME' ? t('comptabilite.tx.income') : t('comptabilite.tx.outflows'), clear: () => { setType('');          push({ type: '' }); } },
+        refType       && { key: 'refType',        label: t(`comptabilite.tx.ref.${refType}`),                              clear: () => { setRefType('');       push({ refType: '' }); } },
         category      && { key: 'category',        label: catLabel(category) ?? category,                                   clear: () => { setCategory('');      push({ category: '' }); } },
-        cashAccountId && { key: 'cashAccountId',  label: cashAccounts.find(c => c.id === cashAccountId)?.name ?? 'Caisse', clear: () => { setCashAccountId(''); push({ cashAccountId: '' }); } },
+        cashAccountId && { key: 'cashAccountId',  label: cashAccounts.find(c => c.id === cashAccountId)?.name ?? t('comptabilite.tx.cash'), clear: () => { setCashAccountId(''); push({ cashAccountId: '' }); } },
         (dateFrom || dateTo) && { key: 'dates', label: [dateFrom, dateTo].filter(Boolean).join(' → '), clear: () => { setDateFrom(''); setDateTo(''); push({ dateFrom: '', dateTo: '' }); } },
     ].filter(Boolean) as { key: string; label: string; clear: () => void }[];
 
@@ -194,7 +197,7 @@ export default function Transactions({ transactions, cashAccounts, cashSummary,
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Journal des transactions" />
+            <Head title={t('comptabilite.tx.head')} />
 
             <div className="space-y-5">
 
@@ -205,10 +208,10 @@ export default function Transactions({ transactions, cashAccounts, cashSummary,
                         <div>
                             <h1 className="text-2xl font-bold text-gray-900 dark:text-white flex items-center gap-2">
                                 <ArrowLeftRight className="w-6 h-6 text-blue-600 dark:text-blue-400" />
-                                Journal des transactions
+                                {t('comptabilite.tx.title')}
                             </h1>
                             <p className="text-sm text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 mt-0.5">
-                                Historique de tous les mouvements financiers
+                                {t('comptabilite.tx.subtitle')}
                             </p>
                         </div>
                         <Button
@@ -216,36 +219,36 @@ export default function Transactions({ transactions, cashAccounts, cashSummary,
                             onClick={() => router.get(route('expenses.create'))}
                         >
                             <Plus className="w-4 h-4" />
-                            Nouvelle dépense
+                            {t('comptabilite.tx.new_expense')}
                         </Button>
                     </div>
 
                     {/* ── Cards stats ── */}
                     <div className="grid grid-cols-2 lg:grid-cols-4 gap-4">
                         <StatCard
-                            title="Total encaissé"
+                            title={t('comptabilite.tx.total_collected')}
                             value={fmt(totals?.total_income ?? 0)}
-                            sub={`${totals?.total_count ?? 0} transaction(s)`}
+                            sub={t('comptabilite.tx.transactions_count', { count: totals?.total_count ?? 0 })}
                             icon={TrendingUp}
                             color="green"
                         />
                         <StatCard
-                            title="Total sorties"
+                            title={t('comptabilite.tx.total_out')}
                             value={fmt(totals?.total_expense ?? 0)}
                             icon={TrendingDown}
                             color="red"
                         />
                         <StatCard
-                            title="Solde net"
+                            title={t('comptabilite.tx.net_balance')}
                             value={fmt(balance)}
-                            sub={balance >= 0 ? 'Positif' : 'Négatif'}
+                            sub={balance >= 0 ? t('comptabilite.tx.positive') : t('comptabilite.tx.negative')}
                             icon={ArrowLeftRight}
                             color={balance >= 0 ? 'blue' : 'red'}
                         />
                         <StatCard
-                            title="Transactions"
+                            title={t('comptabilite.tx.transactions')}
                             value={String(totals?.total_count ?? transactions.total)}
-                            sub="au total"
+                            sub={t('comptabilite.tx.of_total')}
                             icon={ArrowLeftRight}
                             color="gray"
                         />
@@ -254,7 +257,7 @@ export default function Transactions({ transactions, cashAccounts, cashSummary,
                     {/* ── Soldes caisses ── */}
                     {cashSummary.length > 0 && (
                         <div className="bg-white dark:bg-card rounded-xl border border-gray-100 dark:border-gray-700 px-5 py-4 shadow-sm flex items-center gap-3 flex-wrap">
-                            <p className="text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide shrink-0">Caisses :</p>
+                            <p className="text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide shrink-0">{t('comptabilite.tx.cash_accounts')}</p>
                             {cashSummary.map(ca => (
                                 <div key={ca.id} className="flex items-center gap-1.5 px-3 py-1.5 bg-gray-50 dark:bg-gray-800 rounded-lg border border-gray-100 dark:border-gray-700">
                                     <span className="text-gray-400">{cashTypeIcon[ca.type]}</span>
@@ -271,11 +274,11 @@ export default function Transactions({ transactions, cashAccounts, cashSummary,
                     <div className="px-4 py-3 border-b border-gray-100 dark:border-gray-700 flex items-center justify-between">
                         <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-sm font-medium text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300">
                             <SlidersHorizontal className="w-4 h-4 text-blue-500" />
-                            Filtres
+                            {t('comptabilite.tx.filters')}
                         </div>
                         {activeFilters.length > 0 && (
                             <button onClick={clearAll} className="text-xs text-gray-400 hover:text-red-500 dark:hover:text-red-400 flex items-center gap-1 transition-colors">
-                                <XCircle className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> Tout effacer
+                                <XCircle className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> {t('comptabilite.tx.clear_all')}
                             </button>
                         )}
                     </div>
@@ -285,29 +288,29 @@ export default function Transactions({ transactions, cashAccounts, cashSummary,
                         <div className="grid grid-cols-1 sm:grid-cols-2 lg:grid-cols-4 gap-2.5">
 
                             <div className="flex flex-col gap-1">
-                                <label className="text-xs font-medium text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">Type</label>
+                                <label className="text-xs font-medium text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">{t('comptabilite.tx.type')}</label>
                                 <select value={type} onChange={e => { setType(e.target.value); push({ type: e.target.value }); }} className={sel}>
-                                    <option value="">Tous les types</option>
-                                    <option value="INCOME">↑ Entrées</option>
-                                    <option value="EXPENSE">↓ Sorties</option>
+                                    <option value="">{t('comptabilite.tx.all_types')}</option>
+                                    <option value="INCOME">{t('comptabilite.tx.income_arrow')}</option>
+                                    <option value="EXPENSE">{t('comptabilite.tx.expense_arrow')}</option>
                                 </select>
                             </div>
 
                             <div className="flex flex-col gap-1">
-                                <label className="text-xs font-medium text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">Référence</label>
+                                <label className="text-xs font-medium text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">{t('comptabilite.tx.reference')}</label>
                                 <select value={refType} onChange={e => { setRefType(e.target.value); push({ refType: e.target.value }); }} className={sel}>
-                                    <option value="">Toutes les références</option>
-                                    <option value="PAYMENT">Paiement écolage</option>
-                                    <option value="SCHOLARSHIP">Bourse accordée</option>
-                                    <option value="CANCELLATION">Annulation</option>
-                                    <option value="EXPENSE">Dépense manuelle</option>
+                                    <option value="">{t('comptabilite.tx.all_references')}</option>
+                                    <option value="PAYMENT">{t('comptabilite.tx.ref_payment')}</option>
+                                    <option value="SCHOLARSHIP">{t('comptabilite.tx.ref_scholarship')}</option>
+                                    <option value="CANCELLATION">{t('comptabilite.tx.ref_cancellation')}</option>
+                                    <option value="EXPENSE">{t('comptabilite.tx.ref_expense')}</option>
                                 </select>
                             </div>
 
                             <div className="flex flex-col gap-1">
-                                <label className="text-xs font-medium text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">Catégorie (dépense)</label>
+                                <label className="text-xs font-medium text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">{t('comptabilite.tx.category')}</label>
                                 <select value={category} onChange={e => { setCategory(e.target.value); push({ category: e.target.value }); }} className={sel}>
-                                    <option value="">Toutes les catégories</option>
+                                    <option value="">{t('comptabilite.tx.all_categories')}</option>
                                     {categories.map(c => (
                                         <option key={c.value} value={c.value}>{c.emoji} {c.label}</option>
                                     ))}
@@ -315,9 +318,9 @@ export default function Transactions({ transactions, cashAccounts, cashSummary,
                             </div>
 
                             <div className="flex flex-col gap-1">
-                                <label className="text-xs font-medium text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">Caisse</label>
+                                <label className="text-xs font-medium text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">{t('comptabilite.tx.cash')}</label>
                                 <select value={cashAccountId} onChange={e => { setCashAccountId(e.target.value); push({ cashAccountId: e.target.value }); }} className={sel}>
-                                    <option value="">Toutes les caisses</option>
+                                    <option value="">{t('comptabilite.tx.all_cash')}</option>
                                     {cashAccounts.map(ca => (
                                         <option key={ca.id} value={ca.id}>{ca.name}</option>
                                     ))}
@@ -326,7 +329,7 @@ export default function Transactions({ transactions, cashAccounts, cashSummary,
 
                             <div className="flex flex-col gap-1">
                                 <label className="text-xs font-medium text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 flex items-center gap-1">
-                                    <CalendarDays className="w-3 h-3" /> Période
+                                    <CalendarDays className="w-3 h-3" /> {t('comptabilite.tx.period')}
                                 </label>
                                 <div className="flex items-center gap-1.5">
                                     <input
@@ -349,11 +352,11 @@ export default function Transactions({ transactions, cashAccounts, cashSummary,
                         </div>
 
                         <div className="flex items-center gap-2 flex-wrap">
-                            <span className="text-xs text-gray-400 dark:text-gray-500 shrink-0">Rapide :</span>
+                            <span className="text-xs text-gray-400 dark:text-gray-500 shrink-0">{t('comptabilite.tx.quick')}</span>
                             {[
-                                { label: "Aujourd'hui",  from: todayStr(),       to: todayStr() },
-                                { label: 'Ce mois',      from: firstOfMonth(),   to: todayStr() },
-                                { label: 'Cette année',  from: firstOfYear(),    to: todayStr() },
+                                { label: t('comptabilite.tx.today'),      from: todayStr(),       to: todayStr() },
+                                { label: t('comptabilite.tx.this_month'), from: firstOfMonth(),   to: todayStr() },
+                                { label: t('comptabilite.tx.this_year'),  from: firstOfYear(),    to: todayStr() },
                             ].map(q => (
                                 <button
                                     key={q.label}
@@ -371,7 +374,7 @@ export default function Transactions({ transactions, cashAccounts, cashSummary,
 
                         {activeFilters.length > 0 && (
                             <div className="flex items-center gap-2 flex-wrap pt-1 border-t border-gray-100 dark:border-gray-700">
-                                <span className="text-xs text-gray-400 shrink-0">Actifs :</span>
+                                <span className="text-xs text-gray-400 shrink-0">{t('comptabilite.tx.active')}</span>
                                 {activeFilters.map(f => (
                                     <span key={f.key} className="inline-flex items-center gap-1 pl-2.5 pr-1.5 py-1 rounded-full text-xs font-medium bg-blue-50 text-blue-700 dark:bg-blue-900/30 dark:text-blue-300 border border-blue-200 dark:border-blue-800">
                                         {f.label}
@@ -390,11 +393,11 @@ export default function Transactions({ transactions, cashAccounts, cashSummary,
 
                     <div className="px-5 py-3.5 border-b border-gray-100 dark:border-gray-700 flex items-center justify-between gap-4 flex-wrap">
                         <p className="text-sm font-semibold text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300">
-                            {transactions.total} transaction(s)
-                            {activeFilters.length > 0 && <span className="text-xs text-blue-500 ml-2">— filtrées</span>}
+                            {t('comptabilite.tx.transactions_count', { count: transactions.total })}
+                            {activeFilters.length > 0 && <span className="text-xs text-blue-500 ml-2">{t('comptabilite.tx.filtered')}</span>}
                         </p>
                         <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
-                            <span className="text-xs text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 whitespace-nowrap">Lignes par page :</span>
+                            <span className="text-xs text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 whitespace-nowrap">{t('comptabilite.tx.per_page')}</span>
                             <select
                                 value={perPage}
                                 onChange={e => changePerPage(Number(e.target.value))}
@@ -410,10 +413,10 @@ export default function Transactions({ transactions, cashAccounts, cashSummary,
                     {transactions.data.length === 0 ? (
                         <div className="px-5 py-16 text-center text-gray-400">
                             <ArrowLeftRight className="w-10 h-10 mx-auto mb-3 opacity-30" />
-                            <p className="text-sm">Aucune transaction trouvée</p>
+                            <p className="text-sm">{t('comptabilite.tx.empty')}</p>
                             {activeFilters.length > 0 && (
                                 <button onClick={clearAll} className="mt-2 text-xs text-blue-500 hover:underline">
-                                    Effacer les filtres
+                                    {t('comptabilite.tx.clear_filters')}
                                 </button>
                             )}
                         </div>
@@ -422,12 +425,12 @@ export default function Transactions({ transactions, cashAccounts, cashSummary,
                             <table className="w-full text-sm">
                                 <thead>
                                     <tr className="border-b border-gray-100 dark:border-gray-700 bg-gray-50 dark:bg-gray-800/50">
-                                        <th className="px-5 py-3 text-left text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide w-28">Type</th>
-                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-left text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide">Description</th>
-                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-left text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide w-32">Référence</th>
-                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-left text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide w-36">Caisse</th>
-                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-right text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide w-36">Montant</th>
-                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-right text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide w-28">Date</th>
+                                        <th className="px-5 py-3 text-left text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide w-28">{t('comptabilite.tx.col_type')}</th>
+                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-left text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide">{t('comptabilite.tx.col_description')}</th>
+                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-left text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide w-32">{t('comptabilite.tx.col_reference')}</th>
+                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-left text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide w-36">{t('comptabilite.tx.col_cash')}</th>
+                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-right text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide w-36">{t('comptabilite.tx.col_amount')}</th>
+                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-right text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide w-28">{t('comptabilite.tx.col_date')}</th>
                                         <th className="px-4 py-3 w-12"></th>
                                     </tr>
                                 </thead>
@@ -440,7 +443,7 @@ export default function Transactions({ transactions, cashAccounts, cashSummary,
                                             <tr key={tx.id} className={`hover:bg-gray-50/50 dark:hover:bg-gray-700/20 transition-colors ${isManualExpense ? 'bg-orange-50/20 dark:bg-orange-900/5' : ''}`}>
                                                 <td className="px-5 py-3">
                                                     <span className={`inline-flex items-center gap-1 px-2.5 py-1 rounded-full text-xs font-semibold ${tc.bg} ${tc.text}`}>
-                                                        {tc.icon}{tc.label}
+                                                        {tc.icon}{t(`comptabilite.tx.txtype.${tx.type}`)}
                                                     </span>
                                                 </td>
                                                 <td className="px-4 py-3 text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 max-w-xs">
@@ -456,12 +459,12 @@ export default function Transactions({ transactions, cashAccounts, cashSummary,
                                                         <p className="truncate text-sm">{tx.description}</p>
                                                     </div>
                                                     {tx.created_by && (
-                                                        <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 mt-0.5">par {tx.created_by.name}</p>
+                                                        <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 mt-0.5">{t('comptabilite.tx.by_user', { name: tx.created_by.name })}</p>
                                                     )}
                                                 </td>
                                                 <td className="px-4 py-3">
                                                     <span className={`inline-block text-xs font-medium px-2 py-0.5 rounded ${ref.color}`}>
-                                                        {ref.label}
+                                                        {t(`comptabilite.tx.ref.${tx.reference_type}`)}
                                                     </span>
                                                 </td>
                                                 <td className="px-4 py-3">
@@ -480,7 +483,7 @@ export default function Transactions({ transactions, cashAccounts, cashSummary,
                                                     </span>
                                                 </td>
                                                 <td className="px-4 py-3 text-right text-xs text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 whitespace-nowrap">
-                                                    {new Date(tx.transaction_date).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR')}
+                                                    {new Date(tx.transaction_date).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale)}
                                                 </td>
                                                 <td className="px-4 py-3">
                                                     {isManualExpense && (
@@ -489,12 +492,12 @@ export default function Transactions({ transactions, cashAccounts, cashSummary,
                                                                 <button
                                                                     onClick={() => setDeletingId(tx.id)}
                                                                     className="p-1.5 rounded-lg text-gray-300 hover:text-red-500 hover:bg-red-50 dark:hover:bg-red-900/20 transition-colors"
-                                                                    aria-label="Supprimer cette dépense"
+                                                                    aria-label={t('comptabilite.tx.delete_expense_aria')}
                                                                 >
                                                                     <Trash2 className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />
                                                                 </button>
                                                             </TooltipTrigger>
-                                                            <TooltipContent>Supprimer cette dépense</TooltipContent>
+                                                            <TooltipContent>{t('comptabilite.tx.delete_expense_aria')}</TooltipContent>
                                                         </Tooltip>
                                                     )}
                                                 </td>
@@ -511,7 +514,7 @@ export default function Transactions({ transactions, cashAccounts, cashSummary,
 
                         {transactions.total > 0 && (
                             <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 dark:text-gray-500">
-                                {transactions.from}–{transactions.to} sur {transactions.total}
+                                {t('comptabilite.tx.range', { from: transactions.from, to: transactions.to, total: transactions.total })}
                             </p>
                         )}
 
@@ -519,7 +522,7 @@ export default function Transactions({ transactions, cashAccounts, cashSummary,
                             <div className="flex items-center gap-1.5">
                                 <Button size="sm" variant="outline" className="h-8 w-8 p-0"
                                     disabled={transactions.current_page === 1}
-                                    onClick={() => goToPage(1)} title="Première page">
+                                    onClick={() => goToPage(1)} title={t('comptabilite.tx.first_page')}>
                                     <ChevronLeft className="w-3.5 h-3.5 -mr-1" />
                                     <ChevronLeft className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />
                                 </Button>
@@ -550,7 +553,7 @@ export default function Transactions({ transactions, cashAccounts, cashSummary,
                                 </Button>
                                 <Button size="sm" variant="outline" className="h-8 w-8 p-0"
                                     disabled={transactions.current_page === transactions.last_page}
-                                    onClick={() => goToPage(transactions.last_page)} title="Dernière page">
+                                    onClick={() => goToPage(transactions.last_page)} title={t('comptabilite.tx.last_page')}>
                                     <ChevronRight className="w-3.5 h-3.5 -mr-1" />
                                     <ChevronRight className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />
                                 </Button>
@@ -565,18 +568,18 @@ export default function Transactions({ transactions, cashAccounts, cashSummary,
             <AlertDialog open={!!deletingId} onOpenChange={() => setDeletingId(null)}>
                 <AlertDialogContent>
                     <AlertDialogHeader>
-                        <AlertDialogTitle>Supprimer cette dépense ?</AlertDialogTitle>
+                        <AlertDialogTitle>{t('comptabilite.tx.delete_title')}</AlertDialogTitle>
                         <AlertDialogDescription>
-                            Le montant sera recrédité sur la caisse concernée. Cette action est irréversible.
+                            {t('comptabilite.tx.delete_desc')}
                         </AlertDialogDescription>
                     </AlertDialogHeader>
                     <div className="flex justify-end gap-2">
-                        <AlertDialogCancel>Annuler</AlertDialogCancel>
+                        <AlertDialogCancel>{t('common.actions.cancel')}</AlertDialogCancel>
                         <AlertDialogAction
                             className="bg-red-600 hover:bg-red-700"
                             onClick={() => deletingId && onDeleteExpense(deletingId)}
                         >
-                            Supprimer
+                            {t('common.actions.delete')}
                         </AlertDialogAction>
                     </div>
                 </AlertDialogContent>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Comptabilite/Expenses/Create.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Comptabilite/Expenses/Create.tsx
index e440a8f0..029d8d51 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Comptabilite/Expenses/Create.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Comptabilite/Expenses/Create.tsx
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ import {
     SelectValue,
 } from '@/components/ui/select';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
@@ -47,6 +48,8 @@ const todayStr = () => new Date().toISOString().slice(0, 10);
 
 export default function ExpenseCreate({ cashAccounts, categories, recent }: Readonly<Props>) {
     const fmt = useMoney();
+    const { t, locale } = useTranslation();
+    const dateLocale = locale === 'en' ? 'en-GB' : 'fr-FR';
 
     const { data, setData, post, processing, errors } = useForm<ExpenseFormData>({
         description: '',
@@ -71,7 +74,7 @@ export default function ExpenseCreate({ cashAccounts, categories, recent }: Read
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Nouvelle dépense" />
+            <Head title={t('comptabilite.expense.head')} />
 
             <div className="space-y-6">
                 {/* En-tête */}
@@ -84,8 +87,8 @@ export default function ExpenseCreate({ cashAccounts, categories, recent }: Read
                         <ArrowLeft className="w-5 h-5 text-gray-600" />
                     </button>
                     <div>
-                        <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900">Enregistrer une dépense</h1>
-                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-500 mt-0.5">Sortie de caisse : loyer, salaires, fournitures…</p>
+                        <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900">{t('comptabilite.expense.title')}</h1>
+                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-500 mt-0.5">{t('comptabilite.expense.subtitle')}</p>
                     </div>
                 </div>
 
@@ -95,16 +98,16 @@ export default function ExpenseCreate({ cashAccounts, categories, recent }: Read
                     <div className="rounded-2xl bg-linear-to-br from-orange-50 to-white ring-1 ring-orange-100 p-6 shadow-sm space-y-4">
                         <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-orange-700">
                             <TrendingDown className="h-4 w-4" />
-                            <p className="text-sm font-semibold">Détails de la dépense</p>
+                            <p className="text-sm font-semibold">{t('comptabilite.expense.details')}</p>
                         </div>
 
                         <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-4">
                             {/* Catégorie */}
                             <div>
-                                <label htmlFor="category" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Catégorie *</label>
+                                <label htmlFor="category" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{t('comptabilite.expense.category')}</label>
                                 <Select value={data.category} onValueChange={(v) => setData('category', v)}>
                                     <SelectTrigger id="category" className={errors.category ? 'border-red-500' : ''}>
-                                        <SelectValue placeholder="Sélectionner une catégorie" />
+                                        <SelectValue placeholder={t('comptabilite.expense.select_category')} />
                                     </SelectTrigger>
                                     <SelectContent>
                                         {categories.map(cat => (
@@ -117,14 +120,14 @@ export default function ExpenseCreate({ cashAccounts, categories, recent }: Read
 
                             {/* Montant */}
                             <div>
-                                <label htmlFor="amount" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Montant (F) *</label>
+                                <label htmlFor="amount" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{t('comptabilite.expense.amount')}</label>
                                 <Input
                                     id="amount"
                                     type="number"
                                     min={1}
                                     value={data.amount}
                                     onChange={e => setData('amount', e.target.value)}
-                                    placeholder="Ex: 25000"
+                                    placeholder={t('comptabilite.expense.amount_ph')}
                                     className={errors.amount ? 'border-red-500' : ''}
                                 />
                                 {errors.amount && <p className="text-red-600 text-sm mt-1">{errors.amount}</p>}
@@ -132,13 +135,13 @@ export default function ExpenseCreate({ cashAccounts, categories, recent }: Read
 
                             {/* Description */}
                             <div className="md:col-span-2">
-                                <label htmlFor="description" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Description *</label>
+                                <label htmlFor="description" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{t('comptabilite.expense.description')}</label>
                                 <Input
                                     id="description"
                                     type="text"
                                     value={data.description}
                                     onChange={e => setData('description', e.target.value)}
-                                    placeholder="Ex: Facture d'électricité — octobre 2026"
+                                    placeholder={t('comptabilite.expense.description_ph')}
                                     className={errors.description ? 'border-red-500' : ''}
                                 />
                                 {errors.description && <p className="text-red-600 text-sm mt-1">{errors.description}</p>}
@@ -147,7 +150,7 @@ export default function ExpenseCreate({ cashAccounts, categories, recent }: Read
                             {/* Date */}
                             <div>
                                 <label htmlFor="transaction_date" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2 flex items-center gap-1">
-                                    <CalendarDays className="w-3.5 h-3.5 text-gray-500" /> Date *
+                                    <CalendarDays className="w-3.5 h-3.5 text-gray-500" /> {t('comptabilite.expense.date')}
                                 </label>
                                 <Input
                                     id="transaction_date"
@@ -163,15 +166,15 @@ export default function ExpenseCreate({ cashAccounts, categories, recent }: Read
                             {/* Caisse */}
                             <div>
                                 <label htmlFor="cash_account_id" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2 flex items-center gap-1">
-                                    <Wallet className="w-3.5 h-3.5 text-gray-500" /> Caisse *
+                                    <Wallet className="w-3.5 h-3.5 text-gray-500" /> {t('comptabilite.expense.cash_account')}
                                 </label>
                                 <Select value={data.cash_account_id} onValueChange={(v) => setData('cash_account_id', v)}>
                                     <SelectTrigger id="cash_account_id" className={errors.cash_account_id ? 'border-red-500' : ''}>
-                                        <SelectValue placeholder="Sélectionner une caisse" />
+                                        <SelectValue placeholder={t('comptabilite.expense.select_cash')} />
                                     </SelectTrigger>
                                     <SelectContent>
                                         {cashAccounts.map(ca => (
-                                            <SelectItem key={ca.id} value={ca.id}>{ca.name} — solde {fmt(ca.balance)}</SelectItem>
+                                            <SelectItem key={ca.id} value={ca.id}>{t('comptabilite.expense.balance_opt', { name: ca.name, balance: fmt(ca.balance) })}</SelectItem>
                                         ))}
                                     </SelectContent>
                                 </Select>
@@ -179,7 +182,7 @@ export default function ExpenseCreate({ cashAccounts, categories, recent }: Read
                                 {selectedAccount && amountNum > 0 && (
                                     <p className={`text-sm mt-1.5 flex items-center gap-1 ${willGoNegative ? 'text-red-600' : 'text-gray-500'}`}>
                                         {willGoNegative && <AlertTriangle className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />}
-                                        Solde après dépense : <span className="font-semibold">{fmt(projected ?? 0)}</span>
+                                        {t('comptabilite.expense.after_expense')} <span className="font-semibold">{fmt(projected ?? 0)}</span>
                                     </p>
                                 )}
                             </div>
@@ -191,7 +194,7 @@ export default function ExpenseCreate({ cashAccounts, categories, recent }: Read
                         <div className="rounded-2xl bg-linear-to-br from-slate-50 to-white ring-1 ring-slate-100 p-6 shadow-sm space-y-3">
                             <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-slate-600">
                                 <History className="h-4 w-4" />
-                                <p className="text-sm font-semibold">Dernières dépenses</p>
+                                <p className="text-sm font-semibold">{t('comptabilite.expense.recent')}</p>
                             </div>
                             <ul className="divide-y divide-slate-100">
                                 {recent.map(r => (
@@ -200,7 +203,7 @@ export default function ExpenseCreate({ cashAccounts, categories, recent }: Read
                                             <span className="shrink-0">{categoryEmoji(r.category)}</span>
                                             <span className="truncate" title={`${categoryLabel(r.category)} — ${r.description}`}>{r.description}</span>
                                         </span>
-                                        <span className="shrink-0 text-gray-400">{new Date(r.transaction_date).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR')}</span>
+                                        <span className="shrink-0 text-gray-400">{new Date(r.transaction_date).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale)}</span>
                                         <span className="shrink-0 font-semibold text-red-600 w-28 text-right">− {fmt(r.amount)}</span>
                                     </li>
                                 ))}
@@ -211,10 +214,10 @@ export default function ExpenseCreate({ cashAccounts, categories, recent }: Read
                     {/* Actions */}
                     <div className="flex gap-3">
                         <Button type="submit" disabled={processing} className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700">
-                            {processing ? 'Enregistrement...' : 'Enregistrer la dépense'}
+                            {processing ? t('comptabilite.expense.saving') : t('comptabilite.expense.submit')}
                         </Button>
                         <Button type="button" variant="outline" className="border-slate-200 text-gray-700" onClick={() => router.get(route('accounting.transactions'))}>
-                            Annuler
+                            {t('common.actions.cancel')}
                         </Button>
                     </div>
                 </form>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Comptabilite/Payments/Receipt.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Comptabilite/Payments/Receipt.tsx
index a40d3be7..9989610f 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Comptabilite/Payments/Receipt.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Comptabilite/Payments/Receipt.tsx
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { Head } from '@inertiajs/react';
 import { useMoney } from '@/helpers/money';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import Barcode from 'react-barcode';
 import { OfficialHeader } from '@/components/documents/official-header';
 
@@ -57,13 +58,6 @@ interface Props {
     headerCss?: string | null;
 }
 
-const methodLabel: Record<PaymentMethod, string> = {
-    CASH: 'Espèces',
-    MOBILE_MONEY: 'Mobile Money',
-    BANK_TRANSFER: 'Virement bancaire',
-    CHEQUE: 'Chèque',
-};
-
 /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
 /* Un volet du reçu (établissement / payeur)                           */
 /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
@@ -78,6 +72,8 @@ function ReceiptCopy({
     pageBreak = false,
 }: Readonly<Props & { copyLabel: string; pageBreak?: boolean }>) {
     const fmt = useMoney();
+    const { t, locale } = useTranslation();
+    const dateLocale = locale === 'en' ? 'en-GB' : 'fr-FR';
     const { invoice } = payment;
     const { enrollment } = invoice;
 
@@ -85,9 +81,9 @@ function ReceiptCopy({
         ? [payment.created_by.firstname, payment.created_by.lastname].filter(Boolean).join(' ') || payment.created_by.email
         : null;
 
-    const paidAt   = new Date(payment.paid_at).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR');
+    const paidAt   = new Date(payment.paid_at).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale);
     const issuedAt = payment.created_at
-        ? new Date(payment.created_at).toLocaleString('fr-FR')
+        ? new Date(payment.created_at).toLocaleString(dateLocale)
         : paidAt;
 
     return (
@@ -98,39 +94,39 @@ function ReceiptCopy({
             {/* Titre + n° reçu + exemplaire */}
             <div className="flex items-start justify-between border-b-2 border-gray-900 pb-2 mb-4">
                 <div>
-                    <h1 className="text-lg font-bold uppercase tracking-wide">Reçu de paiement</h1>
+                    <h1 className="text-lg font-bold uppercase tracking-wide">{t('comptabilite.receipt_doc.title')}</h1>
                     <p className="text-xs text-gray-500 uppercase">{copyLabel}</p>
                 </div>
                 <div className="text-right">
-                    <p className="text-xs text-gray-500 uppercase">N° de reçu</p>
+                    <p className="text-xs text-gray-500 uppercase">{t('comptabilite.receipt_doc.receipt_no')}</p>
                     <p className="text-base font-bold">{payment.receipt?.receipt_number ?? '—'}</p>
-                    <p className="text-xs text-gray-500 mt-0.5">Date : {paidAt}</p>
+                    <p className="text-xs text-gray-500 mt-0.5">{t('comptabilite.receipt_doc.date')} {paidAt}</p>
                 </div>
             </div>
 
             {/* Élève & inscription */}
             <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-x-6 gap-y-2 text-sm mb-4">
                 <div>
-                    <p className="text-gray-400 text-[10px] uppercase">Élève</p>
+                    <p className="text-gray-400 text-[10px] uppercase">{t('comptabilite.receipt_doc.student')}</p>
                     <p className="font-semibold">
                         {enrollment.student ? `${enrollment.student.lastname} ${enrollment.student.firstname}` : '—'}
                     </p>
                     {enrollment.student?.matricule && (
-                        <p className="text-gray-500 text-xs">Mat. {enrollment.student.matricule}</p>
+                        <p className="text-gray-500 text-xs">{t('comptabilite.receipt_doc.mat')} {enrollment.student.matricule}</p>
                     )}
                 </div>
                 <div>
-                    <p className="text-gray-400 text-[10px] uppercase">Classe · Année</p>
+                    <p className="text-gray-400 text-[10px] uppercase">{t('comptabilite.receipt_doc.class_year')}</p>
                     <p className="font-semibold">
                         {enrollment.classroom?.name ?? '—'} · {enrollment.academic_year?.year ?? '—'}
                     </p>
                 </div>
                 <div>
-                    <p className="text-gray-400 text-[10px] uppercase">N° inscription</p>
+                    <p className="text-gray-400 text-[10px] uppercase">{t('comptabilite.receipt_doc.enrollment_no')}</p>
                     <p className="font-semibold">{enrollment.enrollment_code}</p>
                 </div>
                 <div>
-                    <p className="text-gray-400 text-[10px] uppercase">Facture</p>
+                    <p className="text-gray-400 text-[10px] uppercase">{t('comptabilite.receipt_doc.invoice')}</p>
                     <p className="font-semibold">{invoice.invoice_number}</p>
                 </div>
             </div>
@@ -139,8 +135,8 @@ function ReceiptCopy({
             <table className="w-full text-sm border border-gray-200 mb-4">
                 <thead className="bg-gray-50 text-gray-500 text-[10px] uppercase">
                     <tr>
-                        <th className="px-3 py-1.5 text-left font-semibold">Désignation</th>
-                        <th className="px-3 py-1.5 text-right font-semibold">Montant</th>
+                        <th className="px-3 py-1.5 text-left font-semibold">{t('comptabilite.receipt_doc.designation')}</th>
+                        <th className="px-3 py-1.5 text-right font-semibold">{t('comptabilite.receipt_doc.amount')}</th>
                     </tr>
                 </thead>
                 <tbody className="divide-y divide-gray-100">
@@ -155,7 +151,7 @@ function ReceiptCopy({
                 </tbody>
                 <tfoot className="bg-gray-50 text-sm font-semibold border-t border-gray-200">
                     <tr>
-                        <td className="px-3 py-1.5 text-gray-600">Total facture</td>
+                        <td className="px-3 py-1.5 text-gray-600">{t('comptabilite.receipt_doc.invoice_total')}</td>
                         <td className="px-3 py-1.5 text-right">{fmt(invoice.total)}</td>
                     </tr>
                 </tfoot>
@@ -165,29 +161,29 @@ function ReceiptCopy({
             <div className="bg-green-50 border border-green-200 rounded-lg px-5 py-3 mb-4">
                 <div className="flex items-end justify-between">
                     <div>
-                        <p className="text-[10px] text-green-600 uppercase tracking-wider">Montant encaissé</p>
+                        <p className="text-[10px] text-green-600 uppercase tracking-wider">{t('comptabilite.receipt_doc.amount_collected')}</p>
                         <p className="text-2xl font-extrabold text-green-700 leading-tight">{fmt(payment.amount)}</p>
                     </div>
                     <div className="text-right">
-                        <p className="text-xs text-green-700 font-medium">{methodLabel[payment.payment_method]}</p>
+                        <p className="text-xs text-green-700 font-medium">{t(`comptabilite.receipt_doc.method.${payment.payment_method}`)}</p>
                         {payment.reference_number && (
-                            <p className="text-[10px] text-green-600">Réf : {payment.reference_number}</p>
+                            <p className="text-[10px] text-green-600">{t('comptabilite.receipt_doc.ref')} {payment.reference_number}</p>
                         )}
                     </div>
                 </div>
                 <p className="text-xs text-gray-600 italic mt-2 pt-2 border-t border-green-200">
-                    Arrêté le présent reçu à la somme de : <span className="font-semibold not-italic text-gray-800">{amountInWords}</span>.
+                    {t('comptabilite.receipt_doc.in_words')} <span className="font-semibold not-italic text-gray-800">{amountInWords}</span>.
                 </p>
             </div>
 
             {/* Solde */}
             <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-3 text-sm mb-4">
                 <div className="bg-gray-50 rounded-lg px-4 py-2 text-center">
-                    <p className="text-[10px] text-gray-400 uppercase">Total payé</p>
+                    <p className="text-[10px] text-gray-400 uppercase">{t('comptabilite.receipt_doc.total_paid')}</p>
                     <p className="font-bold text-gray-800">{fmt(invoice.amount_paid)}</p>
                 </div>
                 <div className={`rounded-lg px-4 py-2 text-center ${invoice.amount_remaining > 0 ? 'bg-red-50' : 'bg-green-50'}`}>
-                    <p className="text-[10px] text-gray-400 uppercase">Reste à payer</p>
+                    <p className="text-[10px] text-gray-400 uppercase">{t('comptabilite.receipt_doc.remaining')}</p>
                     <p className={`font-bold ${invoice.amount_remaining > 0 ? 'text-red-600' : 'text-green-600'}`}>
                         {fmt(invoice.amount_remaining)}
                     </p>
@@ -197,11 +193,11 @@ function ReceiptCopy({
             {/* Signature & cachet */}
             <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-6 text-xs mb-4">
                 <div>
-                    <p className="text-gray-500 mb-1">Cachet de l'établissement</p>
+                    <p className="text-gray-500 mb-1">{t('comptabilite.receipt_doc.stamp')}</p>
                     <div className="h-16 border border-dashed border-gray-300 rounded" />
                 </div>
                 <div className="text-center">
-                    <p className="text-gray-500 mb-1">La Comptabilité</p>
+                    <p className="text-gray-500 mb-1">{t('comptabilite.receipt_doc.accounting')}</p>
                     <div className="h-16 border-b border-gray-300" />
                     {agentName && <p className="text-gray-600 mt-1">{agentName}</p>}
                 </div>
@@ -210,9 +206,9 @@ function ReceiptCopy({
             {/* Infos complémentaires */}
             <div className="text-[11px] text-gray-500 space-y-0.5 mb-3">
                 {payment.paid_by && (
-                    <div className="flex justify-between"><span>Payé par</span><span className="text-gray-700">{payment.paid_by}</span></div>
+                    <div className="flex justify-between"><span>{t('comptabilite.receipt_doc.paid_by')}</span><span className="text-gray-700">{payment.paid_by}</span></div>
                 )}
-                <div className="flex justify-between"><span>Établi le</span><span className="text-gray-700">{issuedAt}</span></div>
+                <div className="flex justify-between"><span>{t('comptabilite.receipt_doc.established_on')}</span><span className="text-gray-700">{issuedAt}</span></div>
             </div>
 
             {/* Code-barres anti-falsification + vérification */}
@@ -227,7 +223,7 @@ function ReceiptCopy({
                         margin={0}
                     />
                     <p className="text-[9px] text-gray-400 mt-1 text-center">
-                        Reçu authentifiable sur <span className="font-medium text-gray-500">{verifyUrl}</span> — code : {payment.receipt.verification_code}
+                        {t('comptabilite.receipt_doc.verify_p1')}<span className="font-medium text-gray-500">{verifyUrl}</span>{t('comptabilite.receipt_doc.verify_p2')}{payment.receipt.verification_code}
                     </p>
                 </div>
             )}
@@ -240,9 +236,10 @@ function ReceiptCopy({
 /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
 
 export default function PaymentReceipt(props: Readonly<Props>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     return (
         <>
-            <Head title={`Reçu ${props.payment.receipt?.receipt_number ?? ''}`} />
+            <Head title={t('comptabilite.receipt_doc.head', { number: props.payment.receipt?.receipt_number ?? '' })} />
 
             <div className="receipt-page min-h-screen bg-gray-100 print:bg-white p-6 print:p-0">
                 <div className="mx-auto max-w-2xl">
@@ -251,13 +248,13 @@ export default function PaymentReceipt(props: Readonly<Props>) {
                             onClick={() => window.print()}
                             className="text-sm bg-blue-600 text-white px-4 py-2 rounded-lg hover:bg-blue-700 transition"
                         >
-                            Imprimer le reçu
+                            {t('comptabilite.receipt_doc.print')}
                         </button>
                     </div>
 
                     <div className="space-y-6 print:space-y-0">
-                        <ReceiptCopy {...props} copyLabel="Exemplaire établissement" pageBreak />
-                        <ReceiptCopy {...props} copyLabel="Exemplaire payeur" />
+                        <ReceiptCopy {...props} copyLabel={t('comptabilite.receipt_doc.copy_school')} pageBreak />
+                        <ReceiptCopy {...props} copyLabel={t('comptabilite.receipt_doc.copy_payer')} />
                     </div>
                 </div>
             </div>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Comptabilite/Payments/Verify.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Comptabilite/Payments/Verify.tsx
index e62e2a5f..eee59c46 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Comptabilite/Payments/Verify.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Comptabilite/Payments/Verify.tsx
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import { useState } from 'react';
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface VerifyResult {
@@ -26,6 +27,7 @@ interface Props {
 
 export default function Verify({ code, result }: Readonly<Props>) {
     const fmt = useMoney();
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const [value, setValue] = useState(code ?? '');
 
     const search = () => {
@@ -34,12 +36,12 @@ export default function Verify({ code, result }: Readonly<Props>) {
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Vérifier un reçu" />
+            <Head title={t('comptabilite.verify.head')} />
             <div className="w-full max-w-2xl space-y-6">
 
                 <div>
-                    <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3"><ShieldCheck className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />Vérifier un reçu</h1>
-                    <p className="mt-2 text-gray-500">Scannez le code-barres ou saisissez le code de vérification du reçu.</p>
+                    <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3"><ShieldCheck className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />{t('comptabilite.verify.title')}</h1>
+                    <p className="mt-2 text-gray-500">{t('comptabilite.verify.subtitle')}</p>
                 </div>
 
                 <div className="rounded-2xl bg-slate-50/70 ring-1 ring-slate-200 shadow-sm p-4 flex gap-3 items-center">
@@ -49,13 +51,13 @@ export default function Verify({ code, result }: Readonly<Props>) {
                             value={value}
                             onChange={e => setValue(e.target.value)}
                             onKeyDown={e => e.key === 'Enter' && search()}
-                            placeholder="Code de vérification (ex: DAL-XXXXXXXXXXXX)"
+                            placeholder={t('comptabilite.verify.placeholder')}
                             className="pl-9 font-mono"
                             autoFocus
                         />
                     </div>
                     <Button onClick={search} className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700 gap-2">
-                        <Search className="w-4 h-4" /> Vérifier
+                        <Search className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('comptabilite.verify.verify')}
                     </Button>
                 </div>
 
@@ -65,24 +67,24 @@ export default function Verify({ code, result }: Readonly<Props>) {
                             <div className="flex items-center gap-3 mb-4">
                                 <CheckCircle2 className="w-8 h-8 text-emerald-600" />
                                 <div>
-                                    <p className="text-lg font-bold text-emerald-800">Reçu authentique</p>
+                                    <p className="text-lg font-bold text-emerald-800">{t('comptabilite.verify.authentic')}</p>
                                     <p className="text-sm text-emerald-600 font-mono">{result.receipt_number}</p>
                                 </div>
                             </div>
                             <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-4 text-sm">
-                                <div><p className="text-gray-500">Élève</p><p className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{result.student ?? '—'}</p></div>
-                                <div><p className="text-gray-500">Matricule</p><p className="font-semibold text-gray-900 font-mono">{result.matricule ?? '—'}</p></div>
-                                <div><p className="text-gray-500">Classe</p><p className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{result.class_name ?? '—'} {result.year ? `(${result.year})` : ''}</p></div>
-                                <div><p className="text-gray-500">Date</p><p className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{result.paid_at ?? '—'}</p></div>
-                                <div className="col-span-2"><p className="text-gray-500">Montant encaissé</p><p className="text-2xl font-bold text-emerald-700">{fmt(result.amount)}</p></div>
+                                <div><p className="text-gray-500">{t('comptabilite.verify.student')}</p><p className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{result.student ?? '—'}</p></div>
+                                <div><p className="text-gray-500">{t('comptabilite.verify.matricule')}</p><p className="font-semibold text-gray-900 font-mono">{result.matricule ?? '—'}</p></div>
+                                <div><p className="text-gray-500">{t('comptabilite.verify.class')}</p><p className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{result.class_name ?? '—'} {result.year ? `(${result.year})` : ''}</p></div>
+                                <div><p className="text-gray-500">{t('comptabilite.verify.date')}</p><p className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{result.paid_at ?? '—'}</p></div>
+                                <div className="col-span-2"><p className="text-gray-500">{t('comptabilite.verify.amount')}</p><p className="text-2xl font-bold text-emerald-700">{fmt(result.amount)}</p></div>
                             </div>
                         </div>
                     ) : (
                         <div className="rounded-2xl bg-red-50 ring-1 ring-red-200 p-6 flex items-center gap-3">
                             <XCircle className="w-8 h-8 text-red-600" />
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-lg font-bold text-red-800">Reçu introuvable</p>
-                                <p className="text-sm text-red-600">Aucun reçu ne correspond à ce code. Ce document pourrait être falsifié.</p>
+                                <p className="text-lg font-bold text-red-800">{t('comptabilite.verify.not_found')}</p>
+                                <p className="text-sm text-red-600">{t('comptabilite.verify.not_found_hint')}</p>
                             </div>
                         </div>
                     )
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Enrollments/Create.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Enrollments/Create.tsx
index 4a96d5de..2c323aa5 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Enrollments/Create.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Enrollments/Create.tsx
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import type { FormEvent } from 'react';
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
@@ -70,6 +71,7 @@ interface SearchSelectProps {
 }
 
 function StudentSearchSelect({ students, value, onChange, error }: Readonly<SearchSelectProps>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const [open, setOpen]   = useState(false);
     const [query, setQuery] = useState('');
     const containerRef      = useRef<HTMLDivElement>(null);
@@ -134,7 +136,7 @@ function StudentSearchSelect({ students, value, onChange, error }: Readonly<Sear
                         )}
                     </div>
                 ) : (
-                    <span className="text-sm text-gray-400 flex-1">Rechercher un élève...</span>
+                    <span className="text-sm text-gray-400 flex-1">{t('enrollments.create.search_student_ph')}</span>
                 )}
 
                 <div className="flex items-center gap-1 shrink-0">
@@ -160,7 +162,7 @@ function StudentSearchSelect({ students, value, onChange, error }: Readonly<Sear
                                 type="text"
                                 value={query}
                                 onChange={e => setQuery(e.target.value)}
-                                placeholder="Nom, prénom ou matricule..."
+                                placeholder={t('enrollments.create.search_input_ph')}
                                 className="w-full pl-8 pr-3 py-2 text-sm bg-gray-50 dark:bg-gray-700/50 border border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-600 rounded-lg focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-blue-500 dark:text-gray-100"
                             />
                             {query && (
@@ -176,7 +178,7 @@ function StudentSearchSelect({ students, value, onChange, error }: Readonly<Sear
                     <div className="max-h-56 overflow-y-auto">
                         {filtered.length === 0 ? (
                             <div className="px-4 py-6 text-center text-sm text-gray-400">
-                                Aucun élève trouvé
+                                {t('enrollments.create.no_student')}
                             </div>
                         ) : (
                             filtered.map(s => (
@@ -208,7 +210,7 @@ function StudentSearchSelect({ students, value, onChange, error }: Readonly<Sear
 
                     {students.length > 50 && filtered.length === 50 && (
                         <div className="px-3 py-2 border-t border-gray-100 dark:border-gray-700 text-xs text-gray-400 text-center">
-                            {students.length} élèves — affichage des 50 premiers correspondants
+                            {t('enrollments.create.more_students', { count: students.length })}
                         </div>
                     )}
                 </div>
@@ -343,6 +345,7 @@ function SectionHeader({ icon, title, subtitle, color = 'blue' }: {
 
 export default function Create({ schools, students, classrooms, academicYears, feeStructures }: Readonly<CreateProps>) {
     const fmt = useMoney();
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const [step, setStep]               = useState(1);
     const [errors, setErrors]           = useState<Record<string, string>>({});
     const [isSubmitting, setIsSubmitting] = useState(false);
@@ -427,16 +430,16 @@ export default function Create({ schools, students, classrooms, academicYears, f
     /* -------------------------------------------------------------- */
 
     const STEPS = [
-        { n: 1, label: 'Inscription',     icon: <GraduationCap className="w-4 h-4" /> },
-        { n: 2, label: 'Récapitulatif',   icon: <FileText className="w-4 h-4" /> },
-        { n: 3, label: 'Paiement',        icon: <Banknote className="w-4 h-4" /> },
+        { n: 1, label: t('enrollments.create.steps.enrollment'), icon: <GraduationCap className="w-4 h-4" /> },
+        { n: 2, label: t('enrollments.create.steps.summary'),    icon: <FileText className="w-4 h-4" /> },
+        { n: 3, label: t('enrollments.create.steps.payment'),    icon: <Banknote className="w-4 h-4" /> },
     ];
 
     const PAYMENT_METHODS: { value: PaymentMethod; label: string; icon: React.ReactNode; desc: string }[] = [
-        { value: 'CASH',          label: 'Espèces',  icon: <Banknote className="w-5 h-5" />,  desc: 'Paiement en cash' },
-        { value: 'MOBILE_MONEY',  label: 'Mobile',   icon: <Smartphone className="w-5 h-5" />, desc: 'Flooz, T-Money...' },
-        { value: 'BANK_TRANSFER', label: 'Virement', icon: <Landmark className="w-5 h-5" />,   desc: 'Virement bancaire' },
-        { value: 'CHEQUE',        label: 'Chèque',   icon: <FileText className="w-5 h-5" />,   desc: 'Chèque bancaire' },
+        { value: 'CASH',          label: t('enrollments.create.method.cash'),     icon: <Banknote className="w-5 h-5" />,  desc: t('enrollments.create.method.cash_desc') },
+        { value: 'MOBILE_MONEY',  label: t('enrollments.create.method.mobile'),   icon: <Smartphone className="w-5 h-5" />, desc: t('enrollments.create.method.mobile_desc') },
+        { value: 'BANK_TRANSFER', label: t('enrollments.create.method.transfer'), icon: <Landmark className="w-5 h-5" />,   desc: t('enrollments.create.method.transfer_desc') },
+        { value: 'CHEQUE',        label: t('enrollments.create.method.cheque'),   icon: <FileText className="w-5 h-5" />,   desc: t('enrollments.create.method.cheque_desc') },
     ];
 
     /* -------------------------------------------------------------- */
@@ -445,7 +448,7 @@ export default function Create({ schools, students, classrooms, academicYears, f
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Nouvelle inscription" />
+            <Head title={t('enrollments.create.head')} />
 
             <div className="space-y-6">
 
@@ -459,8 +462,8 @@ export default function Create({ schools, students, classrooms, academicYears, f
                         <ArrowLeft className="w-5 h-5" />
                     </button>
                     <div>
-                        <h1 className="text-2xl font-bold text-gray-900 dark:text-white">Nouvelle inscription</h1>
-                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 mt-0.5">Inscrire un élève pour l'année scolaire</p>
+                        <h1 className="text-2xl font-bold text-gray-900 dark:text-white">{t('enrollments.create.head')}</h1>
+                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 mt-0.5">{t('enrollments.create.subtitle')}</p>
                     </div>
                 </div>
 
@@ -488,7 +491,7 @@ export default function Create({ schools, students, classrooms, academicYears, f
                                           step > n   ? 'text-green-600 dark:text-green-400 group-hover:text-green-700' :
                                                        'text-gray-400 dark:text-gray-500'}`}
                                     >
-                                        Étape {n}
+                                        {t('enrollments.create.step', { n })}
                                     </p>
                                     <p className={`text-sm font-semibold leading-tight transition-colors
                                         ${step === n ? 'text-gray-900 dark:text-white' :
@@ -533,7 +536,7 @@ export default function Create({ schools, students, classrooms, academicYears, f
                         )}
                         <button type="button" onClick={() => setStep(1)}
                             className="ml-auto text-blue-600 dark:text-blue-400 text-xs hover:underline font-medium">
-                            Modifier
+                            {t('common.actions.edit')}
                         </button>
                     </div>
                 )}
@@ -547,8 +550,8 @@ export default function Create({ schools, students, classrooms, academicYears, f
                         <div className="bg-white dark:bg-card rounded-2xl shadow-sm border border-gray-100 dark:border-gray-700 overflow-hidden">
                             <SectionHeader
                                 icon={<GraduationCap className="w-5 h-5" />}
-                                title="Informations de l'inscription"
-                                subtitle="Renseignez l'établissement, l'élève et la classe"
+                                title={t('enrollments.create.s1.title')}
+                                subtitle={t('enrollments.create.s1.subtitle')}
                                 color="blue"
                             />
 
@@ -557,32 +560,32 @@ export default function Create({ schools, students, classrooms, academicYears, f
                                 {/* ── Bloc École + Année ── */}
                                 <div>
                                     <p className="text-xs font-semibold text-gray-400 dark:text-gray-500 uppercase tracking-wider mb-3">
-                                        Établissement
+                                        {t('enrollments.create.s1.establishment')}
                                     </p>
                                     <div className="grid grid-cols-1 sm:grid-cols-2 lg:grid-cols-3 gap-4">
                                         <SelectField
-                                            label="École"
+                                            label={t('enrollments.create.s1.school')}
                                             icon={<Building2 className="w-4 h-4" />}
                                             value={enrollment.school_id}
                                             onChange={setEnr('school_id')}
                                             error={errors.school_id}
                                             required
                                         >
-                                            <option value="">Sélectionner une école</option>
+                                            <option value="">{t('enrollments.form.select_school')}</option>
                                             {schools.map(s => (
                                                 <option key={s.id} value={s.id}>{s.name} ({s.code})</option>
                                             ))}
                                         </SelectField>
 
                                         <SelectField
-                                            label="Année académique"
+                                            label={t('enrollments.create.s1.academic_year')}
                                             icon={<Calendar className="w-4 h-4" />}
                                             value={enrollment.academic_year_id}
                                             onChange={setEnr('academic_year_id')}
                                             error={errors.academic_year_id}
                                             required
                                         >
-                                            <option value="">Sélectionner une année</option>
+                                            <option value="">{t('enrollments.form.select_year')}</option>
                                             {academicYears.map(y => (
                                                 <option key={y.id} value={y.id}>
                                                     {y.year}{y.active ? ' ✓' : ''}
@@ -597,11 +600,11 @@ export default function Create({ schools, students, classrooms, academicYears, f
                                 {/* ── Bloc Élève ── */}
                                 <div>
                                     <p className="text-xs font-semibold text-gray-400 dark:text-gray-500 uppercase tracking-wider mb-3">
-                                        Élève
+                                        {t('enrollments.create.s1.student')}
                                     </p>
                                     <div>
                                         <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 mb-1.5">
-                                            Élève <span className="text-red-500">*</span>
+                                            {t('enrollments.create.s1.student')} <span className="text-red-500">*</span>
                                         </label>
                                         <StudentSearchSelect
                                             students={students}
@@ -622,25 +625,25 @@ export default function Create({ schools, students, classrooms, academicYears, f
                                 {/* ── Bloc Classe + Date + Code + Statut ── */}
                                 <div>
                                     <p className="text-xs font-semibold text-gray-400 dark:text-gray-500 uppercase tracking-wider mb-3">
-                                        Classe & détails
+                                        {t('enrollments.create.s1.class_details')}
                                     </p>
                                     <div className="grid grid-cols-1 sm:grid-cols-2 lg:grid-cols-4 gap-4">
                                         <SelectField
-                                            label="Classe"
+                                            label={t('enrollments.create.s1.class')}
                                             icon={<BookOpen className="w-4 h-4" />}
                                             value={enrollment.class_id}
                                             onChange={setEnr('class_id')}
                                             error={errors.class_id}
                                             required
                                         >
-                                            <option value="">Sélectionner une classe</option>
+                                            <option value="">{t('enrollments.form.select_class')}</option>
                                             {classrooms.map(c => (
                                                 <option key={c.id} value={c.id}>{c.name} ({c.code})</option>
                                             ))}
                                         </SelectField>
 
                                         <InputField
-                                            label="Date d'inscription"
+                                            label={t('enrollments.create.s1.date')}
                                             icon={<CalendarDays className="w-4 h-4" />}
                                             type="date"
                                             value={enrollment.enrollment_date}
@@ -650,25 +653,25 @@ export default function Create({ schools, students, classrooms, academicYears, f
                                         />
 
                                         <InputField
-                                            label="Code d'inscription"
+                                            label={t('enrollments.create.s1.code')}
                                             icon={<Hash className="w-4 h-4" />}
                                             value={enrollment.enrollment_code}
                                             onChange={setEnr('enrollment_code')}
                                             error={errors.enrollment_code}
-                                            placeholder="Auto-généré si vide"
-                                            hint="Laisser vide pour génération automatique"
+                                            placeholder={t('enrollments.create.s1.code_ph')}
+                                            hint={t('enrollments.create.s1.code_hint')}
                                         />
 
                                         {/* Statut — radio visuel */}
                                         <div>
                                             <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 mb-1.5">
-                                                Statut <span className="text-red-500">*</span>
+                                                {t('enrollments.create.s1.status')} <span className="text-red-500">*</span>
                                             </label>
                                             <div className="flex gap-2">
                                                 {([
-                                                    { v: 'PENDING',   label: 'En attente', cls: 'border-yellow-300 bg-yellow-50 text-yellow-700 dark:bg-yellow-900/20 dark:border-yellow-800 dark:text-yellow-400' },
-                                                    { v: 'ACTIVE',    label: 'Actif',       cls: 'border-green-300 bg-green-50 text-green-700 dark:bg-green-900/20 dark:border-green-800 dark:text-green-400' },
-                                                    { v: 'CANCELLED', label: 'Annulé',      cls: 'border-red-300 bg-red-50 text-red-700 dark:bg-red-900/20 dark:border-red-800 dark:text-red-400' },
+                                                    { v: 'PENDING',   label: t('enrollments.index.status.pending'),   cls: 'border-yellow-300 bg-yellow-50 text-yellow-700 dark:bg-yellow-900/20 dark:border-yellow-800 dark:text-yellow-400' },
+                                                    { v: 'ACTIVE',    label: t('enrollments.index.status.active'),    cls: 'border-green-300 bg-green-50 text-green-700 dark:bg-green-900/20 dark:border-green-800 dark:text-green-400' },
+                                                    { v: 'CANCELLED', label: t('enrollments.index.status.cancelled'), cls: 'border-red-300 bg-red-50 text-red-700 dark:bg-red-900/20 dark:border-red-800 dark:text-red-400' },
                                                 ] as const).map(({ v, label, cls }) => (
                                                     <button
                                                         key={v}
@@ -692,7 +695,7 @@ export default function Create({ schools, students, classrooms, academicYears, f
                             {/* Footer étape 1 */}
                             <div className="px-6 py-4 bg-gray-50 dark:bg-gray-800/50 border-t border-gray-100 dark:border-gray-700 flex justify-between items-center">
                                 <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">
-                                    {[enrollment.school_id, enrollment.student_id, enrollment.class_id, enrollment.academic_year_id].filter(Boolean).length} / 4 champs obligatoires remplis
+                                    {t('enrollments.create.fields_filled', { n: [enrollment.school_id, enrollment.student_id, enrollment.class_id, enrollment.academic_year_id].filter(Boolean).length })}
                                 </p>
                                 <Button
                                     type="button"
@@ -700,7 +703,7 @@ export default function Create({ schools, students, classrooms, academicYears, f
                                     onClick={() => setStep(2)}
                                     className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700 gap-2 disabled:opacity-40"
                                 >
-                                    Suivant
+                                    {t('common.actions.next')}
                                     <ArrowRight className="w-4 h-4" />
                                 </Button>
                             </div>
@@ -715,8 +718,8 @@ export default function Create({ schools, students, classrooms, academicYears, f
                             <div className="bg-white dark:bg-card rounded-2xl shadow-sm border border-gray-100 dark:border-gray-700 overflow-hidden">
                                 <SectionHeader
                                     icon={<FileText className="w-5 h-5" />}
-                                    title="Récapitulatif des frais"
-                                    subtitle="Frais générés automatiquement depuis la grille tarifaire"
+                                    title={t('enrollments.create.s2.title')}
+                                    subtitle={t('enrollments.create.s2.subtitle')}
                                     color="purple"
                                 />
 
@@ -736,7 +739,7 @@ export default function Create({ schools, students, classrooms, academicYears, f
                                             ))}
                                         </div>
                                         <div className="flex items-center justify-between px-6 py-4 bg-purple-50 dark:bg-purple-900/20 border-t-2 border-purple-100 dark:border-purple-900/40">
-                                            <span className="font-bold text-gray-900 dark:text-white">Total à régler</span>
+                                            <span className="font-bold text-gray-900 dark:text-white">{t('enrollments.create.s2.total')}</span>
                                             <span className="text-2xl font-extrabold text-purple-600 dark:text-purple-400">{fmt(totalFees)}</span>
                                         </div>
                                     </>
@@ -746,10 +749,10 @@ export default function Create({ schools, students, classrooms, academicYears, f
                                             <Info className="w-7 h-7 text-yellow-500" />
                                         </div>
                                         <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300">
-                                            Aucun frais configuré
+                                            {t('enrollments.create.s2.no_fees')}
                                         </p>
                                         <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 mt-1">
-                                            La facture sera créée vide — vous pourrez y ajouter des frais manuellement.
+                                            {t('enrollments.create.s2.no_fees_hint')}
                                         </p>
                                     </div>
                                 )}
@@ -757,10 +760,10 @@ export default function Create({ schools, students, classrooms, academicYears, f
 
                             <div className="flex justify-between">
                                 <Button type="button" variant="outline" onClick={() => setStep(1)} className="gap-2">
-                                    <ArrowLeft className="w-4 h-4" /> Retour
+                                    <ArrowLeft className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('common.actions.back')}
                                 </Button>
                                 <Button type="button" onClick={() => setStep(3)} className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700 gap-2">
-                                    Suivant <ArrowRight className="w-4 h-4" />
+                                    {t('common.actions.next')} <ArrowRight className="w-4 h-4" />
                                 </Button>
                             </div>
                         </div>
@@ -774,8 +777,8 @@ export default function Create({ schools, students, classrooms, academicYears, f
                             <div className="bg-white dark:bg-card rounded-2xl shadow-sm border border-gray-100 dark:border-gray-700 overflow-hidden">
                                 <SectionHeader
                                     icon={<Banknote className="w-5 h-5" />}
-                                    title="Premier paiement"
-                                    subtitle="Optionnel — enregistrable maintenant ou plus tard"
+                                    title={t('enrollments.create.s3.title')}
+                                    subtitle={t('enrollments.create.s3.subtitle')}
                                     color="green"
                                 />
 
@@ -785,12 +788,12 @@ export default function Create({ schools, students, classrooms, academicYears, f
                                         border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-600 bg-gray-50/50 dark:bg-gray-800/30">
                                         <div>
                                             <p className="text-sm font-semibold text-gray-900 dark:text-white">
-                                                {withPayment ? 'Paiement à enregistrer maintenant' : 'Payer plus tard'}
+                                                {withPayment ? t('enrollments.create.s3.now') : t('enrollments.create.s3.later')}
                                             </p>
                                             <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 mt-0.5">
                                                 {withPayment
-                                                    ? 'Un reçu sera généré automatiquement'
-                                                    : "L'inscription sera créée avec facture sans paiement"
+                                                    ? t('enrollments.create.s3.now_hint')
+                                                    : t('enrollments.create.s3.later_hint')
                                                 }
                                             </p>
                                         </div>
@@ -816,7 +819,7 @@ export default function Create({ schools, students, classrooms, academicYears, f
                                             {/* Mode de paiement — cards */}
                                             <div>
                                                 <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 mb-2">
-                                                    Mode de paiement <span className="text-red-500">*</span>
+                                                    {t('enrollments.create.s3.method')} <span className="text-red-500">*</span>
                                                 </label>
                                                 <div className="grid grid-cols-2 sm:grid-cols-4 gap-2">
                                                     {PAYMENT_METHODS.map(m => (
@@ -842,7 +845,7 @@ export default function Create({ schools, students, classrooms, academicYears, f
                                             <div className="grid grid-cols-1 sm:grid-cols-2 gap-4">
                                                 <div>
                                                     <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 mb-1.5">
-                                                        Montant (F) <span className="text-red-500">*</span>
+                                                        {t('enrollments.create.s3.amount')} <span className="text-red-500">*</span>
                                                     </label>
                                                     <div className="relative">
                                                         <div className="absolute inset-y-0 left-3 flex items-center pointer-events-none">
@@ -864,7 +867,7 @@ export default function Create({ schools, students, classrooms, academicYears, f
                                                             onClick={() => setPayment(p => ({ ...p, amount: String(totalFees) }))}
                                                             className="text-xs text-blue-600 dark:text-blue-400 hover:underline mt-1"
                                                         >
-                                                            Remplir le total ({fmt(totalFees)})
+                                                            {t('enrollments.create.s3.fill_total', { amount: fmt(totalFees) })}
                                                         </button>
                                                     )}
                                                     {errors.first_payment_amount && (
@@ -873,7 +876,7 @@ export default function Create({ schools, students, classrooms, academicYears, f
                                                 </div>
 
                                                 <InputField
-                                                    label="Date de paiement"
+                                                    label={t('enrollments.create.s3.payment_date')}
                                                     icon={<CalendarDays className="w-4 h-4" />}
                                                     type="date"
                                                     value={payment.paid_at}
@@ -882,20 +885,20 @@ export default function Create({ schools, students, classrooms, academicYears, f
                                                 />
 
                                                 <InputField
-                                                    label="Payé par"
+                                                    label={t('enrollments.create.s3.paid_by')}
                                                     icon={<User className="w-4 h-4" />}
                                                     value={payment.paid_by}
                                                     onChange={setPay('paid_by')}
-                                                    placeholder="Nom du payeur"
+                                                    placeholder={t('enrollments.create.s3.paid_by_ph')}
                                                 />
 
                                                 {(payment.payment_method !== 'CASH') && (
                                                     <InputField
-                                                        label="Référence / N° transaction"
+                                                        label={t('enrollments.create.s3.reference')}
                                                         icon={<Hash className="w-4 h-4" />}
                                                         value={payment.reference_number}
                                                         onChange={setPay('reference_number')}
-                                                        placeholder="Ex: TXN-123456"
+                                                        placeholder={t('enrollments.create.s3.reference_ph')}
                                                     />
                                                 )}
                                             </div>
@@ -907,7 +910,7 @@ export default function Create({ schools, students, classrooms, academicYears, f
                             {/* Footer étape 3 */}
                             <div className="flex justify-between items-center">
                                 <Button type="button" variant="outline" onClick={() => setStep(2)} className="gap-2">
-                                    <ArrowLeft className="w-4 h-4" /> Retour
+                                    <ArrowLeft className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('common.actions.back')}
                                 </Button>
 
                                 <Button
@@ -921,12 +924,12 @@ export default function Create({ schools, students, classrooms, academicYears, f
                                                 <circle className="opacity-25" cx="12" cy="12" r="10" stroke="currentColor" strokeWidth="4"/>
                                                 <path className="opacity-75" fill="currentColor" d="M4 12a8 8 0 018-8v8z"/>
                                             </svg>
-                                            Création en cours...
+                                            {t('enrollments.create.creating')}
                                         </span>
                                     ) : (
                                         <>
                                             <Check className="w-4 h-4" />
-                                            {withPayment ? 'Inscrire & enregistrer le paiement' : 'Créer l\'inscription'}
+                                            {withPayment ? t('enrollments.create.submit_with_payment') : t('enrollments.create.submit')}
                                         </>
                                     )}
                                 </Button>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Enrollments/Edit.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Enrollments/Edit.tsx
index 1baa3c3e..730ad660 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Enrollments/Edit.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Enrollments/Edit.tsx
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import type { FormEvent } from 'react';
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface School {
@@ -57,6 +58,7 @@ const normalizeDate = (value?: string | null): string => {
 };
 
 export default function Edit({ enrollment, schools, students, classrooms, academicYears }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const [formData, setFormData] = useState({
         school_id: enrollment.school_id,
         student_id: enrollment.student_id,
@@ -85,7 +87,7 @@ export default function Edit({ enrollment, schools, students, classrooms, academ
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Modifier inscription" />
+            <Head title={t('enrollments.edit.head')} />
 
             <div className="space-y-6">
                 <div className="flex items-center gap-4">
@@ -97,21 +99,21 @@ export default function Edit({ enrollment, schools, students, classrooms, academ
                         <ArrowLeft className="w-5 h-5 text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-400" />
                     </button>
                     <div>
-                        <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900 dark:text-white">Modifier l'inscription</h1>
+                        <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900 dark:text-white">{t('enrollments.edit.title')}</h1>
                     </div>
                 </div>
 
                 <form onSubmit={handleSubmit} className="w-full space-y-6">
                     <div className="bg-white dark:bg-card rounded-lg p-6 shadow-sm grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 xl:grid-cols-3 gap-4">
                         <div>
-                            <label htmlFor="school_id" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 dark:text-gray-100 mb-2">École *</label>
+                            <label htmlFor="school_id" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 dark:text-gray-100 mb-2">{t('enrollments.form.school')}</label>
                             <select
                                 id="school_id"
                                 value={formData.school_id}
                                 onChange={(event) => setFormData((prev) => ({ ...prev, school_id: event.target.value }))}
                                 className={`w-full px-3 py-2 border rounded-lg bg-white dark:bg-card dark:text-gray-100 focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-blue-500 ${errors.school_id ? 'border-red-500' : 'border-gray-300 dark:border-gray-600'}`}
                             >
-                                <option value="">Sélectionner une école</option>
+                                <option value="">{t('enrollments.form.select_school')}</option>
                                 {schools.map((school) => (
                                     <option key={school.id} value={school.id}>
                                         {school.name} ({school.code})
@@ -122,14 +124,14 @@ export default function Edit({ enrollment, schools, students, classrooms, academ
                         </div>
 
                         <div>
-                            <label htmlFor="student_id" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 dark:text-gray-100 mb-2">Élève *</label>
+                            <label htmlFor="student_id" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 dark:text-gray-100 mb-2">{t('enrollments.form.student')}</label>
                             <select
                                 id="student_id"
                                 value={formData.student_id}
                                 onChange={(event) => setFormData((prev) => ({ ...prev, student_id: event.target.value }))}
                                 className={`w-full px-3 py-2 border rounded-lg bg-white dark:bg-card dark:text-gray-100 focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-blue-500 ${errors.student_id ? 'border-red-500' : 'border-gray-300 dark:border-gray-600'}`}
                             >
-                                <option value="">Sélectionner un élève</option>
+                                <option value="">{t('enrollments.form.select_student')}</option>
                                 {students.map((student) => (
                                     <option key={student.id} value={student.id}>
                                         {student.firstname} {student.lastname} {student.matricule ? `(${student.matricule})` : ''}
@@ -140,14 +142,14 @@ export default function Edit({ enrollment, schools, students, classrooms, academ
                         </div>
 
                         <div>
-                            <label htmlFor="class_id" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 dark:text-gray-100 mb-2">Classe *</label>
+                            <label htmlFor="class_id" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 dark:text-gray-100 mb-2">{t('enrollments.form.class')}</label>
                             <select
                                 id="class_id"
                                 value={formData.class_id}
                                 onChange={(event) => setFormData((prev) => ({ ...prev, class_id: event.target.value }))}
                                 className={`w-full px-3 py-2 border rounded-lg bg-white dark:bg-card dark:text-gray-100 focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-blue-500 ${errors.class_id ? 'border-red-500' : 'border-gray-300 dark:border-gray-600'}`}
                             >
-                                <option value="">Sélectionner une classe</option>
+                                <option value="">{t('enrollments.form.select_class')}</option>
                                 {classrooms.map((classroom) => (
                                     <option key={classroom.id} value={classroom.id}>
                                         {classroom.name} ({classroom.code})
@@ -158,17 +160,17 @@ export default function Edit({ enrollment, schools, students, classrooms, academ
                         </div>
 
                         <div>
-                            <label htmlFor="academic_year_id" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 dark:text-gray-100 mb-2">Année académique *</label>
+                            <label htmlFor="academic_year_id" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 dark:text-gray-100 mb-2">{t('enrollments.form.academic_year')}</label>
                             <select
                                 id="academic_year_id"
                                 value={formData.academic_year_id}
                                 onChange={(event) => setFormData((prev) => ({ ...prev, academic_year_id: event.target.value }))}
                                 className={`w-full px-3 py-2 border rounded-lg bg-white dark:bg-card dark:text-gray-100 focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-blue-500 ${errors.academic_year_id ? 'border-red-500' : 'border-gray-300 dark:border-gray-600'}`}
                             >
-                                <option value="">Sélectionner une année</option>
+                                <option value="">{t('enrollments.form.select_year')}</option>
                                 {academicYears.map((academicYear) => (
                                     <option key={academicYear.id} value={academicYear.id}>
-                                        {academicYear.year}{academicYear.active ? ' (active)' : ''}
+                                        {academicYear.year}{academicYear.active ? ` (${t('enrollments.form.active_suffix')})` : ''}
                                     </option>
                                 ))}
                             </select>
@@ -176,7 +178,7 @@ export default function Edit({ enrollment, schools, students, classrooms, academ
                         </div>
 
                         <div>
-                            <label htmlFor="enrollment_code" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 dark:text-gray-100 mb-2">Code d'inscription</label>
+                            <label htmlFor="enrollment_code" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 dark:text-gray-100 mb-2">{t('enrollments.form.code')}</label>
                             <Input
                                 id="enrollment_code"
                                 value={formData.enrollment_code}
@@ -187,7 +189,7 @@ export default function Edit({ enrollment, schools, students, classrooms, academ
                         </div>
 
                         <div>
-                            <label htmlFor="enrollment_date" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 dark:text-gray-100 mb-2">Date d'inscription *</label>
+                            <label htmlFor="enrollment_date" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 dark:text-gray-100 mb-2">{t('enrollments.form.date')}</label>
                             <Input
                                 id="enrollment_date"
                                 type="date"
@@ -199,16 +201,16 @@ export default function Edit({ enrollment, schools, students, classrooms, academ
                         </div>
 
                         <div>
-                            <label htmlFor="status" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 dark:text-gray-100 mb-2">Statut *</label>
+                            <label htmlFor="status" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 dark:text-gray-100 mb-2">{t('enrollments.form.status')}</label>
                             <select
                                 id="status"
                                 value={formData.status}
                                 onChange={(event) => setFormData((prev) => ({ ...prev, status: event.target.value as Enrollment['status'] }))}
                                 className={`w-full px-3 py-2 border rounded-lg bg-white dark:bg-card dark:text-gray-100 focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-blue-500 ${errors.status ? 'border-red-500' : 'border-gray-300 dark:border-gray-600'}`}
                             >
-                                <option value="PENDING">En attente</option>
-                                <option value="ACTIVE">Actif</option>
-                                <option value="CANCELLED">Annulé</option>
+                                <option value="PENDING">{t('enrollments.index.status.pending')}</option>
+                                <option value="ACTIVE">{t('enrollments.index.status.active')}</option>
+                                <option value="CANCELLED">{t('enrollments.index.status.cancelled')}</option>
                             </select>
                             {errors.status && <p className="text-red-600 text-sm mt-1">{errors.status}</p>}
                         </div>
@@ -216,10 +218,10 @@ export default function Edit({ enrollment, schools, students, classrooms, academ
 
                     <div className="flex gap-3">
                         <Button type="submit" disabled={isSubmitting} className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700 text-white">
-                            {isSubmitting ? 'Enregistrement...' : 'Enregistrer'}
+                            {isSubmitting ? t('enrollments.form.saving') : t('common.actions.save')}
                         </Button>
                         <Button type="button" variant="outline" onClick={() => router.get(route('enrollments.index'))}>
-                            Annuler
+                            {t('common.actions.cancel')}
                         </Button>
                     </div>
                 </form>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Enrollments/Index.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Enrollments/Index.tsx
index 50c550ba..7e9b68a1 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Enrollments/Index.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Enrollments/Index.tsx
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ import {
 } from '@/components/ui/table';
 import { useMoney } from '@/helpers/money';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Student {
@@ -93,12 +94,6 @@ interface IndexProps {
     classrooms: Classroom[];
 }
 
-const statusMap: Record<Enrollment['status'], string> = {
-    PENDING:   'En attente',
-    ACTIVE:    'Actif',
-    CANCELLED: 'Annulé',
-};
-
 const statusBadgeClass: Record<Enrollment['status'], string> = {
     PENDING:   'bg-yellow-100 text-yellow-700 dark:bg-yellow-900/30 dark:text-yellow-400',
     ACTIVE:    'bg-green-100 text-green-700 dark:bg-green-900/30 dark:text-green-400',
@@ -106,20 +101,23 @@ const statusBadgeClass: Record<Enrollment['status'], string> = {
 };
 
 function PaymentBadge({ invoice, fmt }: Readonly<{ invoice: Invoice | null; fmt: (n: number) => string }>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     if (!invoice) {
-        return <span className="inline-flex items-center px-2.5 py-0.5 rounded-full text-xs font-medium bg-gray-100 text-gray-500">Sans facture</span>;
+        return <span className="inline-flex items-center px-2.5 py-0.5 rounded-full text-xs font-medium bg-gray-100 text-gray-500">{t('enrollments.index.pay.no_invoice')}</span>;
     }
     if (invoice.amount_remaining <= 0 && invoice.total > 0) {
-        return <span className="inline-flex items-center px-2.5 py-0.5 rounded-full text-xs font-semibold bg-emerald-100 text-emerald-700">Payé</span>;
+        return <span className="inline-flex items-center px-2.5 py-0.5 rounded-full text-xs font-semibold bg-emerald-100 text-emerald-700">{t('enrollments.index.pay.paid')}</span>;
     }
     if (invoice.amount_paid > 0) {
-        return <span className="inline-flex items-center px-2.5 py-0.5 rounded-full text-xs font-semibold bg-amber-100 text-amber-700">Reste {fmt(invoice.amount_remaining)}</span>;
+        return <span className="inline-flex items-center px-2.5 py-0.5 rounded-full text-xs font-semibold bg-amber-100 text-amber-700">{t('enrollments.index.pay.remaining', { amount: fmt(invoice.amount_remaining) })}</span>;
     }
-    return <span className="inline-flex items-center px-2.5 py-0.5 rounded-full text-xs font-semibold bg-red-100 text-red-700">Impayé</span>;
+    return <span className="inline-flex items-center px-2.5 py-0.5 rounded-full text-xs font-semibold bg-red-100 text-red-700">{t('enrollments.index.pay.unpaid')}</span>;
 }
 
 export default function Index({ enrollments, perPage, filters, finance, academicYears, classrooms }: Readonly<IndexProps>) {
     const fmt = useMoney();
+    const { t, locale } = useTranslation();
+    const dateLocale = locale === 'en' ? 'en-GB' : 'fr-FR';
     const [search, setSearch] = useState(filters.search ?? '');
     const [status, setStatus] = useState(filters.status ?? '');
     const [academicYearId, setAcademicYearId] = useState(filters.academic_year_id ?? '');
@@ -176,38 +174,38 @@ export default function Index({ enrollments, perPage, filters, finance, academic
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Inscriptions & Paiements" />
+            <Head title={t('enrollments.index.title')} />
 
             <div className="space-y-6">
                 <div className="flex items-start justify-between">
                     <div>
-                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3"><ClipboardList className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />Inscriptions &amp; Paiements</h1>
-                        <p className="mt-2 text-lg text-gray-600">Gérez les inscriptions des élèves par année académique</p>
+                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3"><ClipboardList className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />{t('enrollments.index.title')}</h1>
+                        <p className="mt-2 text-lg text-gray-600">{t('enrollments.index.subtitle')}</p>
                     </div>
                     <Button onClick={() => router.get(route('enrollments.create'))} className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700 gap-2">
                         <Plus className="w-5 h-5" />
-                        Nouvelle inscription
+                        {t('enrollments.index.new')}
                     </Button>
                 </div>
 
                 <div className="grid grid-cols-2 md:grid-cols-4 gap-4">
                     <div className="bg-blue-50 dark:bg-blue-900/20 rounded-lg p-6 shadow-sm">
-                        <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-400">Total facturé</p>
+                        <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-400">{t('enrollments.index.billed')}</p>
                         <p className="text-2xl font-bold text-blue-600 dark:text-blue-400 mt-2 break-words">{fmt(finance.billed)}</p>
                     </div>
                     <div className="bg-green-50 dark:bg-green-900/20 rounded-lg p-6 shadow-sm">
-                        <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-400">Encaissé</p>
+                        <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-400">{t('enrollments.index.collected')}</p>
                         <p className="text-2xl font-bold text-green-600 dark:text-green-400 mt-2 break-words">{fmt(finance.collected)}</p>
-                        <p className="text-xs text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 mt-1">{finance.recovery_rate}% recouvré</p>
+                        <p className="text-xs text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 mt-1">{t('enrollments.index.recovered', { rate: finance.recovery_rate })}</p>
                     </div>
                     <div className="bg-amber-50 dark:bg-amber-900/20 rounded-lg p-6 shadow-sm">
-                        <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-400">Reste à recouvrer</p>
+                        <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-400">{t('enrollments.index.remaining')}</p>
                         <p className="text-2xl font-bold text-amber-600 dark:text-amber-400 mt-2 break-words">{fmt(finance.remaining)}</p>
                     </div>
                     <div className="bg-red-50 dark:bg-red-900/20 rounded-lg p-6 shadow-sm">
-                        <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-400">Impayées</p>
+                        <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-400">{t('enrollments.index.unpaid')}</p>
                         <p className="text-2xl font-bold text-red-600 dark:text-red-400 mt-2">{finance.unpaid_count}</p>
-                        <p className="text-xs text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 mt-1">{fmt(finance.unpaid_amount)} sans paiement</p>
+                        <p className="text-xs text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 mt-1">{fmt(finance.unpaid_amount)} {t('enrollments.index.no_payment')}</p>
                     </div>
                 </div>
 
@@ -223,7 +221,7 @@ export default function Index({ enrollments, perPage, filters, finance, academic
                                         handleSearch();
                                     }
                                 }}
-                                placeholder="Code, élève, classe, année..."
+                                placeholder={t('enrollments.index.search_ph')}
                                 className="pl-10 border-gray-300"
                             />
                         </div>
@@ -233,10 +231,10 @@ export default function Index({ enrollments, perPage, filters, finance, academic
                             onChange={(event) => setStatus(event.target.value)}
                             className="px-3 py-2 border border-gray-300 rounded-lg bg-white text-sm focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-blue-500"
                         >
-                            <option value="">Tous les statuts</option>
-                            <option value="PENDING">En attente</option>
-                            <option value="ACTIVE">Actif</option>
-                            <option value="CANCELLED">Annulé</option>
+                            <option value="">{t('enrollments.index.all_statuses')}</option>
+                            <option value="PENDING">{t('enrollments.index.status.pending')}</option>
+                            <option value="ACTIVE">{t('enrollments.index.status.active')}</option>
+                            <option value="CANCELLED">{t('enrollments.index.status.cancelled')}</option>
                         </select>
 
                         <select
@@ -244,7 +242,7 @@ export default function Index({ enrollments, perPage, filters, finance, academic
                             onChange={(event) => setAcademicYearId(event.target.value)}
                             className="px-3 py-2 border border-gray-300 rounded-lg bg-white text-sm focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-blue-500"
                         >
-                            <option value="">Toutes les années</option>
+                            <option value="">{t('enrollments.index.all_years')}</option>
                             {academicYears.map((year) => (
                                 <option key={year.id} value={year.id}>
                                     {year.year}
@@ -257,7 +255,7 @@ export default function Index({ enrollments, perPage, filters, finance, academic
                             onChange={(event) => setClassId(event.target.value)}
                             className="px-3 py-2 border border-gray-300 rounded-lg bg-white text-sm focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-blue-500"
                         >
-                            <option value="">Toutes les classes</option>
+                            <option value="">{t('enrollments.index.all_classes')}</option>
                             {classrooms.map((classroom) => (
                                 <option key={classroom.id} value={classroom.id}>
                                     {classroom.name} ({classroom.code})
@@ -267,11 +265,11 @@ export default function Index({ enrollments, perPage, filters, finance, academic
 
                         <Button onClick={handleSearch} className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700 text-white gap-2">
                             <Search className="w-4 h-4" />
-                            Rechercher
+                            {t('common.actions.search')}
                         </Button>
                         {(search || status || academicYearId || classId) && (
                             <Button variant="outline" onClick={handleClearSearch} className="border-gray-300 text-gray-700">
-                                Réinit.
+                                {t('enrollments.index.reset')}
                             </Button>
                         )}
                     </div>
@@ -281,10 +279,10 @@ export default function Index({ enrollments, perPage, filters, finance, academic
                     {/* Table header: count + per-page selector */}
                     <div className="flex items-center justify-between px-4 py-3 border-b border-gray-100">
                         <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">
-                            <span className="font-semibold">{enrollments.total}</span> inscription(s)
+                            <span className="font-semibold">{enrollments.total}</span> {t('enrollments.index.unit')}
                         </p>
                         <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-sm text-gray-600">
-                            <span>Lignes par page :</span>
+                            <span>{t('enrollments.index.per_page')}</span>
                             <select
                                 value={perPage}
                                 onChange={(e) => changePerPage(Number(e.target.value))}
@@ -300,14 +298,14 @@ export default function Index({ enrollments, perPage, filters, finance, academic
                         <Table>
                             <TableHeader className="bg-gray-50">
                                 <TableRow className="border-b border-gray-200">
-                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Code</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Élève</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Classe</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Année</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Date</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Statut</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Paiement</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead className="text-center font-semibold text-gray-900 w-28">Actions</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('enrollments.index.col.code')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('enrollments.index.col.student')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('enrollments.index.col.class')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('enrollments.index.col.year')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('enrollments.index.col.date')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('enrollments.index.col.status')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('enrollments.index.col.payment')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="text-center font-semibold text-gray-900 w-28">{t('enrollments.index.col.actions')}</TableHead>
                                 </TableRow>
                             </TableHeader>
                             <TableBody>
@@ -316,7 +314,7 @@ export default function Index({ enrollments, perPage, filters, finance, academic
                                         <TableCell colSpan={8} className="text-center py-12 text-gray-500">
                                             <div className="flex flex-col items-center gap-2">
                                                 <ClipboardList className="w-12 h-12 text-gray-300" />
-                                                <p className="text-lg">Aucune inscription trouvée</p>
+                                                <p className="text-lg">{t('enrollments.index.empty')}</p>
                                             </div>
                                         </TableCell>
                                     </TableRow>
@@ -331,10 +329,10 @@ export default function Index({ enrollments, perPage, filters, finance, academic
                                                 {enrollment.classroom ? `${enrollment.classroom.name} (${enrollment.classroom.code})` : '-'}
                                             </TableCell>
                                             <TableCell className="text-gray-700">{enrollment.academic_year?.year ?? '-'}</TableCell>
-                                            <TableCell className="text-gray-700">{new Date(enrollment.enrollment_date).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR')}</TableCell>
+                                            <TableCell className="text-gray-700">{new Date(enrollment.enrollment_date).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale)}</TableCell>
                                             <TableCell>
                                                 <span className={`px-2.5 py-1 rounded-full text-xs font-semibold ${statusBadgeClass[enrollment.status]}`}>
-                                                    {statusMap[enrollment.status]}
+                                                    {t(`enrollments.index.status.${enrollment.status.toLowerCase()}`)}
                                                 </span>
                                             </TableCell>
                                             <TableCell>
@@ -343,19 +341,19 @@ export default function Index({ enrollments, perPage, filters, finance, academic
                                             <TableCell className="text-center">
                                                 <div className="flex gap-2 justify-center">
                                                     <IconButton
-                                                        label="Voir"
+                                                        label={t('common.actions.view')}
                                                         icon={<Eye className="w-4 h-4" />}
                                                         className="border-gray-300 text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-50"
                                                         onClick={() => router.get(route('enrollments.show', enrollment.id))}
                                                     />
                                                     <IconButton
-                                                        label="Modifier"
+                                                        label={t('common.actions.edit')}
                                                         icon={<Pencil className="w-4 h-4" />}
                                                         className="border-gray-300 text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-50"
                                                         onClick={() => router.get(route('enrollments.edit', enrollment.id))}
                                                     />
                                                     <IconButton
-                                                        label="Supprimer"
+                                                        label={t('common.actions.delete')}
                                                         icon={<Trash2 className="w-4 h-4" />}
                                                         className="border-red-300 text-red-600 hover:bg-red-50"
                                                         onClick={() => setDeletingId(enrollment.id)}
@@ -373,7 +371,7 @@ export default function Index({ enrollments, perPage, filters, finance, academic
                 {enrollments.last_page > 1 && (
                     <div className="flex items-center justify-between bg-white rounded-lg p-4 shadow-sm">
                         <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">
-                            {enrollments.from}–{enrollments.to} sur <span className="font-semibold">{enrollments.total}</span> inscriptions
+                            {t('enrollments.index.range', { from: enrollments.from, to: enrollments.to, total: enrollments.total })}
                         </p>
                         <div className="flex items-center gap-1">
                             <Button variant="outline" size="sm" className="border-gray-300 text-gray-700 px-2"
@@ -411,15 +409,15 @@ export default function Index({ enrollments, perPage, filters, finance, academic
             <AlertDialog open={!!deletingId} onOpenChange={() => setDeletingId(null)}>
                 <AlertDialogContent>
                     <AlertDialogHeader>
-                        <AlertDialogTitle>Supprimer cette inscription ?</AlertDialogTitle>
+                        <AlertDialogTitle>{t('enrollments.index.delete_title')}</AlertDialogTitle>
                         <AlertDialogDescription>
-                            Cette action est irréversible.
+                            {t('enrollments.index.delete_desc')}
                         </AlertDialogDescription>
                     </AlertDialogHeader>
                     <div className="flex justify-end gap-2">
-                        <AlertDialogCancel className="border-gray-300 text-gray-700">Annuler</AlertDialogCancel>
+                        <AlertDialogCancel className="border-gray-300 text-gray-700">{t('common.actions.cancel')}</AlertDialogCancel>
                         <AlertDialogAction className="bg-red-600 hover:bg-red-700" onClick={() => deletingId && handleDelete(deletingId)}>
-                            Supprimer
+                            {t('common.actions.delete')}
                         </AlertDialogAction>
                     </div>
                 </AlertDialogContent>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Enrollments/Invoice.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Enrollments/Invoice.tsx
index d8e1c100..2045d5be 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Enrollments/Invoice.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Enrollments/Invoice.tsx
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import type { FormEvent } from 'react';
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
@@ -79,18 +80,11 @@ interface InvoicePageProps {
 /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
 
 
-const statusConfig: Record<InvoiceStatus, { label: string; icon: React.ReactNode; badge: string }> = {
-    ISSUED:          { label: 'Non payé',         icon: <Clock className="w-4 h-4" />,        badge: 'bg-yellow-100 text-yellow-700 dark:bg-yellow-900/30 dark:text-yellow-400' },
-    PARTIALLY_PAID:  { label: 'Partiellement payé', icon: <AlertCircle className="w-4 h-4" />, badge: 'bg-blue-100 text-blue-700 dark:bg-blue-900/30 dark:text-blue-400' },
-    PAID:            { label: 'Soldé',             icon: <CheckCircle2 className="w-4 h-4" />, badge: 'bg-green-100 text-green-700 dark:bg-green-900/30 dark:text-green-400' },
-    CANCELLED:       { label: 'Annulé',            icon: <XCircle className="w-4 h-4" />,      badge: 'bg-red-100 text-red-700 dark:bg-red-900/30 dark:text-red-400' },
-};
-
-const methodLabel: Record<PaymentMethod, string> = {
-    CASH:           'Espèces',
-    MOBILE_MONEY:   'Mobile Money',
-    BANK_TRANSFER:  'Virement',
-    CHEQUE:         'Chèque',
+const statusIconBadge: Record<InvoiceStatus, { icon: React.ReactNode; badge: string }> = {
+    ISSUED:          { icon: <Clock className="w-4 h-4" />,        badge: 'bg-yellow-100 text-yellow-700 dark:bg-yellow-900/30 dark:text-yellow-400' },
+    PARTIALLY_PAID:  { icon: <AlertCircle className="w-4 h-4" />, badge: 'bg-blue-100 text-blue-700 dark:bg-blue-900/30 dark:text-blue-400' },
+    PAID:            { icon: <CheckCircle2 className="w-4 h-4" />, badge: 'bg-green-100 text-green-700 dark:bg-green-900/30 dark:text-green-400' },
+    CANCELLED:       { icon: <XCircle className="w-4 h-4" />,      badge: 'bg-red-100 text-red-700 dark:bg-red-900/30 dark:text-red-400' },
 };
 
 /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
@@ -103,6 +97,8 @@ const cashAccountTypeIcon: Record<string, string> = {
 
 export default function InvoicePage({ enrollment, invoice, cashAccounts }: Readonly<InvoicePageProps>) {
     const fmt = useMoney();
+    const { t, locale } = useTranslation();
+    const dateLocale = locale === 'en' ? 'en-GB' : 'fr-FR';
     const [showForm, setShowForm] = useState(false);
     const [isSubmitting, setIsSubmitting] = useState(false);
     const [errors, setErrors] = useState<Record<string, string>>({});
@@ -117,7 +113,8 @@ export default function InvoicePage({ enrollment, invoice, cashAccounts }: Reado
     });
 
     const paidPct = invoice.total > 0 ? Math.min(100, Math.round((invoice.amount_paid / invoice.total) * 100)) : 100;
-    const status  = statusConfig[invoice.status] ?? statusConfig.ISSUED;
+    const status  = statusIconBadge[invoice.status] ?? statusIconBadge.ISSUED;
+    const statusText = t(`enrollments.show.inv.${invoice.status}`);
     const isPaid  = invoice.status === 'PAID' || invoice.status === 'CANCELLED';
 
     const handleSubmit = (e: FormEvent) => {
@@ -136,7 +133,7 @@ export default function InvoicePage({ enrollment, invoice, cashAccounts }: Reado
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title={`Facture ${invoice.invoice_number}`} />
+            <Head title={t('enrollments.invoice_doc.head', { number: invoice.invoice_number })} />
 
             <div className="w-full space-y-6">
 
@@ -149,7 +146,7 @@ export default function InvoicePage({ enrollment, invoice, cashAccounts }: Reado
                         </button>
                         <div>
                             <h1 className="text-2xl font-bold text-gray-900 dark:text-white">
-                                Suivi financier
+                                {t('enrollments.show.financial')}
                             </h1>
                             <p className="text-sm text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 mt-0.5">
                                 {enrollment.student ? `${enrollment.student.firstname} ${enrollment.student.lastname}` : '—'}
@@ -166,7 +163,7 @@ export default function InvoicePage({ enrollment, invoice, cashAccounts }: Reado
                         onClick={() => window.open(route('enrollments.invoice.print', enrollment.id), '_blank')}
                     >
                         <Printer className="w-4 h-4" />
-                        Imprimer la facture
+                        {t('enrollments.invoice_doc.print')}
                     </Button>
                 </div>
 
@@ -174,19 +171,19 @@ export default function InvoicePage({ enrollment, invoice, cashAccounts }: Reado
                 <div className="bg-white dark:bg-card rounded-xl shadow-sm p-6 space-y-4">
                     <div className="flex items-center justify-between flex-wrap gap-2">
                         <div>
-                            <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 dark:text-gray-500 uppercase tracking-wide">Facture</p>
+                            <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 dark:text-gray-500 uppercase tracking-wide">{t('enrollments.invoice_doc.title')}</p>
                             <p className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 dark:text-white">{invoice.invoice_number}</p>
                         </div>
                         <span className={`inline-flex items-center gap-1.5 px-3 py-1 rounded-full text-xs font-semibold ${status.badge}`}>
                             {status.icon}
-                            {status.label}
+                            {statusText}
                         </span>
                     </div>
 
                     {/* Barre de progression */}
                     <div>
                         <div className="flex justify-between text-xs text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 mb-1.5">
-                            <span>{fmt(invoice.amount_paid)} payés</span>
+                            <span>{t('enrollments.invoice.paid_progress', { amount: fmt(invoice.amount_paid) })}</span>
                             <span>{paidPct}%</span>
                         </div>
                         <div className="h-3 bg-gray-100 dark:bg-gray-700 rounded-full overflow-hidden">
@@ -203,21 +200,21 @@ export default function InvoicePage({ enrollment, invoice, cashAccounts }: Reado
                     {/* Chiffres */}
                     <div className="grid grid-cols-2 sm:grid-cols-4 gap-4 pt-2 border-t border-gray-100 dark:border-gray-700">
                         <div>
-                            <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 dark:text-gray-500">Sous-total</p>
+                            <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 dark:text-gray-500">{t('enrollments.invoice_doc.subtotal')}</p>
                             <p className="font-semibold text-gray-900 dark:text-white">{fmt(invoice.subtotal)}</p>
                         </div>
                         {invoice.discount_amount > 0 && (
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 dark:text-gray-500">Réduction</p>
+                                <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 dark:text-gray-500">{t('enrollments.invoice_doc.discount')}</p>
                                 <p className="font-semibold text-green-600 dark:text-green-400">- {fmt(invoice.discount_amount)}</p>
                             </div>
                         )}
                         <div>
-                            <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 dark:text-gray-500">Total dû</p>
+                            <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 dark:text-gray-500">{t('enrollments.invoice.total_due')}</p>
                             <p className="font-bold text-gray-900 dark:text-white text-lg">{fmt(invoice.total)}</p>
                         </div>
                         <div>
-                            <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 dark:text-gray-500">Reste à payer</p>
+                            <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 dark:text-gray-500">{t('enrollments.invoice_doc.remaining')}</p>
                             <p className={`font-bold text-lg ${invoice.amount_remaining > 0 ? 'text-red-600 dark:text-red-400' : 'text-green-600 dark:text-green-400'}`}>
                                 {fmt(invoice.amount_remaining)}
                             </p>
@@ -229,7 +226,7 @@ export default function InvoicePage({ enrollment, invoice, cashAccounts }: Reado
                 {/* ── Lignes de facturation ── */}
                 <div className="bg-white dark:bg-card rounded-xl shadow-sm overflow-hidden">
                     <div className="px-6 py-4 border-b border-gray-100 dark:border-gray-700">
-                        <h2 className="font-semibold text-gray-900 dark:text-white">Détail de la facture</h2>
+                        <h2 className="font-semibold text-gray-900 dark:text-white">{t('enrollments.invoice.detail_title')}</h2>
                     </div>
                     <table className="w-full text-sm">
                         <tbody>
@@ -248,7 +245,7 @@ export default function InvoicePage({ enrollment, invoice, cashAccounts }: Reado
                             {invoice.items.length === 0 && (
                                 <tr>
                                     <td colSpan={2} className="px-6 py-6 text-center text-gray-400">
-                                        Aucun frais configuré pour cette classe / année.
+                                        {t('enrollments.invoice.no_fees')}
                                     </td>
                                 </tr>
                             )}
@@ -260,7 +257,7 @@ export default function InvoicePage({ enrollment, invoice, cashAccounts }: Reado
                 <div className="bg-white dark:bg-card rounded-xl shadow-sm overflow-hidden">
                     <div className="px-6 py-4 border-b border-gray-100 dark:border-gray-700 flex items-center justify-between">
                         <h2 className="font-semibold text-gray-900 dark:text-white">
-                            Paiements ({invoice.payments.length})
+                            {t('enrollments.invoice.payments_count', { count: invoice.payments.length })}
                         </h2>
                         {!isPaid && (
                             <Button
@@ -269,7 +266,7 @@ export default function InvoicePage({ enrollment, invoice, cashAccounts }: Reado
                                 onClick={() => setShowForm(v => !v)}
                             >
                                 <Plus className="w-4 h-4" />
-                                Nouveau paiement
+                                {t('enrollments.invoice.new_payment')}
                             </Button>
                         )}
                     </div>
@@ -277,10 +274,10 @@ export default function InvoicePage({ enrollment, invoice, cashAccounts }: Reado
                     {/* Formulaire ajout paiement */}
                     {showForm && (
                         <form onSubmit={handleSubmit} className="px-6 py-5 border-b border-blue-100 dark:border-blue-900/30 bg-blue-50/50 dark:bg-blue-900/10 space-y-4">
-                            <p className="text-sm font-medium text-blue-700 dark:text-blue-400">Enregistrer un paiement</p>
+                            <p className="text-sm font-medium text-blue-700 dark:text-blue-400">{t('enrollments.invoice.record_payment')}</p>
                             <div className="grid grid-cols-1 sm:grid-cols-2 gap-4">
                                 <div>
-                                    <label className="block text-xs font-medium text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 mb-1">Montant (F) *</label>
+                                    <label className="block text-xs font-medium text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 mb-1">{t('enrollments.invoice.amount')}</label>
                                     <Input
                                         type="number"
                                         min="1"
@@ -288,35 +285,35 @@ export default function InvoicePage({ enrollment, invoice, cashAccounts }: Reado
                                         value={form.amount}
                                         onChange={field('amount')}
                                         className={errors.amount ? 'border-red-500' : ''}
-                                        placeholder={`Max : ${fmt(invoice.amount_remaining)}`}
+                                        placeholder={t('enrollments.invoice.amount_max', { amount: fmt(invoice.amount_remaining) })}
                                     />
                                     {errors.amount && <p className="text-red-600 text-xs mt-1">{errors.amount}</p>}
                                 </div>
 
                                 <div>
-                                    <label className="block text-xs font-medium text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 mb-1">Mode de paiement *</label>
+                                    <label className="block text-xs font-medium text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 mb-1">{t('enrollments.invoice.method')}</label>
                                     <select
                                         value={form.payment_method}
                                         onChange={field('payment_method')}
                                         className="w-full px-3 py-2 text-sm border border-gray-300 dark:border-gray-600 rounded-lg bg-white dark:bg-card dark:text-gray-100 focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-blue-500"
                                     >
-                                        <option value="CASH">Espèces</option>
-                                        <option value="MOBILE_MONEY">Mobile Money</option>
-                                        <option value="BANK_TRANSFER">Virement bancaire</option>
-                                        <option value="CHEQUE">Chèque</option>
+                                        <option value="CASH">{t('enrollments.invoice.opt.cash')}</option>
+                                        <option value="MOBILE_MONEY">{t('enrollments.invoice.opt.mobile')}</option>
+                                        <option value="BANK_TRANSFER">{t('enrollments.invoice.opt.transfer')}</option>
+                                        <option value="CHEQUE">{t('enrollments.invoice.opt.cheque')}</option>
                                     </select>
                                     {errors.payment_method && <p className="text-red-600 text-xs mt-1">{errors.payment_method}</p>}
                                 </div>
 
                                 {cashAccounts.length > 0 && (
                                     <div>
-                                        <label className="block text-xs font-medium text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 mb-1">Caisse de destination</label>
+                                        <label className="block text-xs font-medium text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 mb-1">{t('enrollments.invoice.cash_account')}</label>
                                         <select
                                             value={form.cash_account_id}
                                             onChange={field('cash_account_id')}
                                             className="w-full px-3 py-2 text-sm border border-gray-300 dark:border-gray-600 rounded-lg bg-white dark:bg-card dark:text-gray-100 focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-blue-500"
                                         >
-                                            <option value="">— Sans caisse —</option>
+                                            <option value="">{t('enrollments.invoice.no_cash_account')}</option>
                                             {cashAccounts.map(ca => (
                                                 <option key={ca.id} value={ca.id}>
                                                     {cashAccountTypeIcon[ca.type]} {ca.name}
@@ -328,7 +325,7 @@ export default function InvoicePage({ enrollment, invoice, cashAccounts }: Reado
                                 )}
 
                                 <div>
-                                    <label className="block text-xs font-medium text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 mb-1">Date de paiement *</label>
+                                    <label className="block text-xs font-medium text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 mb-1">{t('enrollments.invoice.payment_date')}</label>
                                     <Input
                                         type="date"
                                         value={form.paid_at}
@@ -339,32 +336,32 @@ export default function InvoicePage({ enrollment, invoice, cashAccounts }: Reado
                                 </div>
 
                                 <div>
-                                    <label className="block text-xs font-medium text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 mb-1">Payé par</label>
+                                    <label className="block text-xs font-medium text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 mb-1">{t('enrollments.invoice.paid_by')}</label>
                                     <Input
                                         value={form.paid_by}
                                         onChange={field('paid_by')}
-                                        placeholder="Nom du payeur"
+                                        placeholder={t('enrollments.invoice.paid_by_ph')}
                                     />
                                 </div>
 
                                 {(form.payment_method === 'MOBILE_MONEY' || form.payment_method === 'BANK_TRANSFER' || form.payment_method === 'CHEQUE') && (
                                     <div>
-                                        <label className="block text-xs font-medium text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 mb-1">Référence / N° transaction</label>
+                                        <label className="block text-xs font-medium text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 mb-1">{t('enrollments.invoice.reference')}</label>
                                         <Input
                                             value={form.reference_number}
                                             onChange={field('reference_number')}
-                                            placeholder="Ex: TXN-123456"
+                                            placeholder={t('enrollments.invoice.reference_ph')}
                                         />
                                     </div>
                                 )}
 
                                 <div className="sm:col-span-2">
-                                    <label className="block text-xs font-medium text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 mb-1">Notes (optionnel)</label>
+                                    <label className="block text-xs font-medium text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 mb-1">{t('enrollments.invoice.notes')}</label>
                                     <textarea
                                         value={form.notes}
                                         onChange={field('notes')}
                                         rows={2}
-                                        placeholder="Remarques..."
+                                        placeholder={t('enrollments.invoice.notes_ph')}
                                         className="w-full px-3 py-2 text-sm border border-gray-300 dark:border-gray-600 rounded-lg bg-white dark:bg-card dark:text-gray-100 focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-blue-500 resize-none"
                                     />
                                 </div>
@@ -372,10 +369,10 @@ export default function InvoicePage({ enrollment, invoice, cashAccounts }: Reado
 
                             <div className="flex gap-2">
                                 <Button type="submit" size="sm" className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700" disabled={isSubmitting}>
-                                    {isSubmitting ? 'Enregistrement...' : 'Enregistrer'}
+                                    {isSubmitting ? t('enrollments.form.saving') : t('common.actions.save')}
                                 </Button>
                                 <Button type="button" size="sm" variant="outline" onClick={() => setShowForm(false)}>
-                                    Annuler
+                                    {t('common.actions.cancel')}
                                 </Button>
                             </div>
                         </form>
@@ -385,7 +382,7 @@ export default function InvoicePage({ enrollment, invoice, cashAccounts }: Reado
                     {invoice.payments.length === 0 ? (
                         <div className="px-6 py-10 text-center text-gray-400 dark:text-gray-500">
                             <Receipt className="w-10 h-10 mx-auto mb-2 opacity-30" />
-                            <p>Aucun paiement enregistré</p>
+                            <p>{t('enrollments.invoice.empty_payments')}</p>
                         </div>
                     ) : (
                         <div className="divide-y divide-gray-50 dark:divide-gray-700">
@@ -398,7 +395,7 @@ export default function InvoicePage({ enrollment, invoice, cashAccounts }: Reado
                                         <div>
                                             <p className="font-semibold text-gray-900 dark:text-white">{fmt(p.amount)}</p>
                                             <p className="text-xs text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">
-                                                {methodLabel[p.payment_method]}
+                                                {t(`enrollments.invoice_doc.method.${p.payment_method}`)}
                                                 {p.reference_number ? ` · ${p.reference_number}` : ''}
                                                 {p.paid_by ? ` · ${p.paid_by}` : ''}
                                             </p>
@@ -406,7 +403,7 @@ export default function InvoicePage({ enrollment, invoice, cashAccounts }: Reado
                                     </div>
                                     <div className="flex items-center gap-3">
                                         <p className="text-sm text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">
-                                            {new Date(p.paid_at).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR')}
+                                            {new Date(p.paid_at).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale)}
                                         </p>
                                         {p.receipt && (
                                             <Button
@@ -416,7 +413,7 @@ export default function InvoicePage({ enrollment, invoice, cashAccounts }: Reado
                                                 onClick={() => window.open(route('payments.receipt', p.id), '_blank')}
                                             >
                                                 <Printer className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />
-                                                Reçu {p.receipt.receipt_number}
+                                                {t('enrollments.invoice.receipt', { number: p.receipt.receipt_number })}
                                             </Button>
                                         )}
                                     </div>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Enrollments/InvoicePrint.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Enrollments/InvoicePrint.tsx
index 1f9c26b5..b97272d1 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Enrollments/InvoicePrint.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Enrollments/InvoicePrint.tsx
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { Head } from '@inertiajs/react';
 import { useMoney } from '@/helpers/money';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import { OfficialHeader } from '@/components/documents/official-header';
 
 type InvoiceStatus = 'ISSUED' | 'PARTIALLY_PAID' | 'PAID' | 'CANCELLED';
@@ -50,30 +51,18 @@ interface Props {
     headerCss?: string | null;
 }
 
-const statusLabel: Record<InvoiceStatus, string> = {
-    ISSUED:         'Non payée',
-    PARTIALLY_PAID: 'Partiellement payée',
-    PAID:           'Soldée',
-    CANCELLED:      'Annulée',
-};
-
-const methodLabel: Record<PaymentMethod, string> = {
-    CASH:          'Espèces',
-    MOBILE_MONEY:  'Mobile Money',
-    BANK_TRANSFER: 'Virement',
-    CHEQUE:        'Chèque',
-};
-
 export default function InvoicePrint({ enrollment, invoice, totalInWords, header, headerCss }: Readonly<Props>) {
     const fmt = useMoney();
+    const { t, locale } = useTranslation();
+    const dateLocale = locale === 'en' ? 'en-GB' : 'fr-FR';
 
     const issuedAt = invoice.issued_at
-        ? new Date(invoice.issued_at).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR')
-        : new Date(enrollment.enrollment_date).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR');
+        ? new Date(invoice.issued_at).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale)
+        : new Date(enrollment.enrollment_date).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale);
 
     return (
         <>
-            <Head title={`Facture ${invoice.invoice_number}`} />
+            <Head title={t('enrollments.invoice_doc.head', { number: invoice.invoice_number })} />
 
             <div className="invoice-page min-h-screen bg-gray-100 print:bg-white p-6 print:p-0">
                 <div className="mx-auto max-w-3xl">
@@ -82,7 +71,7 @@ export default function InvoicePrint({ enrollment, invoice, totalInWords, header
                             onClick={() => window.print()}
                             className="text-sm bg-blue-600 text-white px-4 py-2 rounded-lg hover:bg-blue-700 transition"
                         >
-                            Imprimer la facture
+                            {t('enrollments.invoice_doc.print')}
                         </button>
                     </div>
 
@@ -92,30 +81,30 @@ export default function InvoicePrint({ enrollment, invoice, totalInWords, header
 
                         {/* Titre + n° + date */}
                         <div className="flex items-start justify-between border-b-2 border-gray-900 pb-3 mb-6">
-                            <h1 className="text-xl font-bold uppercase tracking-wide">Facture</h1>
+                            <h1 className="text-xl font-bold uppercase tracking-wide">{t('enrollments.invoice_doc.title')}</h1>
                             <div className="text-right text-sm">
-                                <p><span className="text-gray-500">N° </span><span className="font-bold">{invoice.invoice_number}</span></p>
-                                <p className="text-gray-500">Émise le {issuedAt}</p>
+                                <p><span className="text-gray-500">{t('enrollments.invoice_doc.number')} </span><span className="font-bold">{invoice.invoice_number}</span></p>
+                                <p className="text-gray-500">{t('enrollments.invoice_doc.issued_on', { date: issuedAt })}</p>
                             </div>
                         </div>
 
                         {/* Destinataire */}
                         <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-x-8 gap-y-2 text-sm mb-6">
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-gray-400 text-[10px] uppercase">Élève</p>
+                                <p className="text-gray-400 text-[10px] uppercase">{t('enrollments.invoice_doc.student')}</p>
                                 <p className="font-semibold">
                                     {enrollment.student ? `${enrollment.student.lastname} ${enrollment.student.firstname}` : '—'}
                                 </p>
                                 {enrollment.student?.matricule && (
-                                    <p className="text-gray-500 text-xs">Mat. {enrollment.student.matricule}</p>
+                                    <p className="text-gray-500 text-xs">{t('enrollments.invoice_doc.mat')} {enrollment.student.matricule}</p>
                                 )}
                             </div>
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-gray-400 text-[10px] uppercase">Classe · Année</p>
+                                <p className="text-gray-400 text-[10px] uppercase">{t('enrollments.invoice_doc.class_year')}</p>
                                 <p className="font-semibold">
                                     {enrollment.classroom?.name ?? '—'} · {enrollment.academic_year?.year ?? '—'}
                                 </p>
-                                <p className="text-gray-500 text-xs">Inscription {enrollment.enrollment_code}</p>
+                                <p className="text-gray-500 text-xs">{t('enrollments.invoice_doc.enrollment_ref', { code: enrollment.enrollment_code })}</p>
                             </div>
                         </div>
 
@@ -123,8 +112,8 @@ export default function InvoicePrint({ enrollment, invoice, totalInWords, header
                         <table className="w-full text-sm border border-gray-200 mb-2">
                             <thead className="bg-gray-50 text-gray-500 text-[10px] uppercase">
                                 <tr>
-                                    <th className="px-4 py-2 text-left font-semibold">Désignation</th>
-                                    <th className="px-4 py-2 text-right font-semibold">Montant</th>
+                                    <th className="px-4 py-2 text-left font-semibold">{t('enrollments.invoice_doc.col_designation')}</th>
+                                    <th className="px-4 py-2 text-right font-semibold">{t('enrollments.invoice_doc.col_amount')}</th>
                                 </tr>
                             </thead>
                             <tbody className="divide-y divide-gray-100">
@@ -138,44 +127,44 @@ export default function InvoicePrint({ enrollment, invoice, totalInWords, header
                                 ))}
                                 {invoice.items.length === 0 && (
                                     <tr>
-                                        <td colSpan={2} className="px-4 py-4 text-center text-gray-400">Aucun frais configuré.</td>
+                                        <td colSpan={2} className="px-4 py-4 text-center text-gray-400">{t('enrollments.invoice_doc.no_fees')}</td>
                                     </tr>
                                 )}
                             </tbody>
                             <tfoot className="text-sm border-t border-gray-200">
                                 <tr>
-                                    <td className="px-4 py-1.5 text-right text-gray-500">Sous-total</td>
+                                    <td className="px-4 py-1.5 text-right text-gray-500">{t('enrollments.invoice_doc.subtotal')}</td>
                                     <td className="px-4 py-1.5 text-right">{fmt(invoice.subtotal)}</td>
                                 </tr>
                                 {invoice.discount_amount > 0 && (
                                     <tr>
-                                        <td className="px-4 py-1.5 text-right text-gray-500">Réduction</td>
+                                        <td className="px-4 py-1.5 text-right text-gray-500">{t('enrollments.invoice_doc.discount')}</td>
                                         <td className="px-4 py-1.5 text-right text-green-600">- {fmt(invoice.discount_amount)}</td>
                                     </tr>
                                 )}
                                 <tr className="bg-gray-50 font-bold">
-                                    <td className="px-4 py-2 text-right">Total à payer</td>
+                                    <td className="px-4 py-2 text-right">{t('enrollments.invoice_doc.total_due')}</td>
                                     <td className="px-4 py-2 text-right text-base">{fmt(invoice.total)}</td>
                                 </tr>
                             </tfoot>
                         </table>
 
                         <p className="text-xs text-gray-600 italic mb-6">
-                            Arrêtée la présente facture à la somme de : <span className="font-semibold not-italic text-gray-800">{totalInWords}</span>.
+                            {t('enrollments.invoice_doc.in_words')} <span className="font-semibold not-italic text-gray-800">{totalInWords}</span>.
                         </p>
 
                         {/* État de règlement */}
                         <div className="grid grid-cols-3 gap-3 text-sm mb-6">
                             <div className="bg-gray-50 rounded-lg px-4 py-2 text-center">
-                                <p className="text-[10px] text-gray-400 uppercase">Statut</p>
-                                <p className="font-bold text-gray-800">{statusLabel[invoice.status]}</p>
+                                <p className="text-[10px] text-gray-400 uppercase">{t('enrollments.invoice_doc.status')}</p>
+                                <p className="font-bold text-gray-800">{t(`enrollments.invoice_doc.status_opt.${invoice.status}`)}</p>
                             </div>
                             <div className="bg-gray-50 rounded-lg px-4 py-2 text-center">
-                                <p className="text-[10px] text-gray-400 uppercase">Total payé</p>
+                                <p className="text-[10px] text-gray-400 uppercase">{t('enrollments.invoice_doc.total_paid')}</p>
                                 <p className="font-bold text-gray-800">{fmt(invoice.amount_paid)}</p>
                             </div>
                             <div className={`rounded-lg px-4 py-2 text-center ${invoice.amount_remaining > 0 ? 'bg-red-50' : 'bg-green-50'}`}>
-                                <p className="text-[10px] text-gray-400 uppercase">Reste à payer</p>
+                                <p className="text-[10px] text-gray-400 uppercase">{t('enrollments.invoice_doc.remaining')}</p>
                                 <p className={`font-bold ${invoice.amount_remaining > 0 ? 'text-red-600' : 'text-green-600'}`}>
                                     {fmt(invoice.amount_remaining)}
                                 </p>
@@ -185,21 +174,21 @@ export default function InvoicePrint({ enrollment, invoice, totalInWords, header
                         {/* Récapitulatif des paiements */}
                         {invoice.payments.length > 0 && (
                             <div className="mb-6">
-                                <p className="text-xs font-semibold text-gray-600 uppercase mb-1">Paiements reçus</p>
+                                <p className="text-xs font-semibold text-gray-600 uppercase mb-1">{t('enrollments.invoice_doc.payments_received')}</p>
                                 <table className="w-full text-xs border border-gray-200">
                                     <thead className="bg-gray-50 text-gray-500 uppercase text-[10px]">
                                         <tr>
-                                            <th className="px-3 py-1.5 text-left font-semibold">Date</th>
-                                            <th className="px-3 py-1.5 text-left font-semibold">Mode</th>
-                                            <th className="px-3 py-1.5 text-left font-semibold">Référence</th>
-                                            <th className="px-3 py-1.5 text-right font-semibold">Montant</th>
+                                            <th className="px-3 py-1.5 text-left font-semibold">{t('enrollments.invoice_doc.col_date')}</th>
+                                            <th className="px-3 py-1.5 text-left font-semibold">{t('enrollments.invoice_doc.col_method')}</th>
+                                            <th className="px-3 py-1.5 text-left font-semibold">{t('enrollments.invoice_doc.col_reference')}</th>
+                                            <th className="px-3 py-1.5 text-right font-semibold">{t('enrollments.invoice_doc.col_amount')}</th>
                                         </tr>
                                     </thead>
                                     <tbody className="divide-y divide-gray-100">
                                         {invoice.payments.map((p) => (
                                             <tr key={p.id}>
-                                                <td className="px-3 py-1.5 text-gray-700">{new Date(p.paid_at).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR')}</td>
-                                                <td className="px-3 py-1.5 text-gray-700">{methodLabel[p.payment_method]}</td>
+                                                <td className="px-3 py-1.5 text-gray-700">{new Date(p.paid_at).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale)}</td>
+                                                <td className="px-3 py-1.5 text-gray-700">{t(`enrollments.invoice_doc.method.${p.payment_method}`)}</td>
                                                 <td className="px-3 py-1.5 text-gray-500">{p.reference_number ?? '—'}</td>
                                                 <td className="px-3 py-1.5 text-right font-medium text-gray-800">{fmt(p.amount)}</td>
                                             </tr>
@@ -212,11 +201,11 @@ export default function InvoicePrint({ enrollment, invoice, totalInWords, header
                         {/* Signature & cachet */}
                         <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-8 text-xs mt-8">
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-gray-500 mb-1">Cachet de l'établissement</p>
+                                <p className="text-gray-500 mb-1">{t('enrollments.invoice_doc.stamp')}</p>
                                 <div className="h-20 border border-dashed border-gray-300 rounded" />
                             </div>
                             <div className="text-center">
-                                <p className="text-gray-500 mb-1">La Comptabilité</p>
+                                <p className="text-gray-500 mb-1">{t('enrollments.invoice_doc.accounting')}</p>
                                 <div className="h-20 border-b border-gray-300" />
                             </div>
                         </div>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Enrollments/Receipt.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Enrollments/Receipt.tsx
index 7fa3d1fc..a9d6f202 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Enrollments/Receipt.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Enrollments/Receipt.tsx
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import { Head } from '@inertiajs/react';
 import { useMoney } from '@/helpers/money';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import { OfficialHeader } from '@/components/documents/official-header';
 
 interface School { name: string; code: string; }
@@ -35,12 +36,6 @@ interface ReceiptProps {
     finance?: Finance | null;
 }
 
-const statusLabel: Record<Enrollment['status'], string> = {
-    PENDING:   'En attente',
-    ACTIVE:    'Active',
-    CANCELLED: 'Annulée',
-};
-
 const statusClass: Record<Enrollment['status'], string> = {
     PENDING:   'bg-yellow-100 text-yellow-700',
     ACTIVE:    'bg-green-100 text-green-700',
@@ -49,25 +44,27 @@ const statusClass: Record<Enrollment['status'], string> = {
 
 export default function Receipt({ enrollment, header, headerCss, finance }: Readonly<ReceiptProps>) {
     const fmt = useMoney();
+    const { t, locale } = useTranslation();
+    const dateLocale = locale === 'en' ? 'en-GB' : 'fr-FR';
     const enrolledByName = [enrollment.enrolled_by?.firstname, enrollment.enrolled_by?.lastname].filter(Boolean).join(' ');
     const studentName = enrollment.student ? `${enrollment.student.lastname} ${enrollment.student.firstname}` : '—';
-    const enrollmentDate = new Date(enrollment.enrollment_date).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR');
-    const issuedAt = new Date(enrollment.created_at).toLocaleString('fr-FR');
+    const enrollmentDate = new Date(enrollment.enrollment_date).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale);
+    const issuedAt = new Date(enrollment.created_at).toLocaleString(dateLocale);
 
     // Mention conditionnelle selon le solde : soldée / partielle / impayée.
     const hasFees   = !!finance && finance.total > 0;
     const remaining = finance?.amount_remaining ?? 0;
     const settlement = (() => {
         if (!hasFees) {
-            return { label: 'Aucun frais facturé', cls: 'bg-gray-100 text-gray-600' };
+            return { label: t('enrollments.receipt.settle.no_fees'), cls: 'bg-gray-100 text-gray-600' };
         }
         if (remaining <= 0) {
-            return { label: 'Inscription soldée', cls: 'bg-green-100 text-green-700' };
+            return { label: t('enrollments.receipt.settle.settled'), cls: 'bg-green-100 text-green-700' };
         }
         if ((finance?.amount_paid ?? 0) > 0) {
-            return { label: `Partiellement réglée — reste ${fmt(remaining)}`, cls: 'bg-amber-100 text-amber-700' };
+            return { label: t('enrollments.receipt.settle.partial', { amount: fmt(remaining) }), cls: 'bg-amber-100 text-amber-700' };
         }
-        return { label: `Non réglée — reste ${fmt(remaining)}`, cls: 'bg-red-100 text-red-700' };
+        return { label: t('enrollments.receipt.settle.unpaid', { amount: fmt(remaining) }), cls: 'bg-red-100 text-red-700' };
     })();
 
     const field = (label: string, value: string) => (
@@ -79,7 +76,7 @@ export default function Receipt({ enrollment, header, headerCss, finance }: Read
 
     return (
         <>
-            <Head title={`Confirmation - ${enrollment.enrollment_code}`} />
+            <Head title={t('enrollments.receipt.head', { code: enrollment.enrollment_code })} />
 
             <div className="confirmation-page min-h-screen bg-gray-100 print:bg-white p-6 print:p-0">
                 <div className="mx-auto max-w-2xl">
@@ -88,7 +85,7 @@ export default function Receipt({ enrollment, header, headerCss, finance }: Read
                             onClick={() => window.print()}
                             className="text-sm bg-blue-600 text-white px-4 py-2 rounded-lg hover:bg-blue-700 transition"
                         >
-                            Imprimer
+                            {t('common.actions.print')}
                         </button>
                     </div>
 
@@ -98,44 +95,42 @@ export default function Receipt({ enrollment, header, headerCss, finance }: Read
 
                         {/* Titre + n° */}
                         <div className="flex items-start justify-between border-b-2 border-gray-900 pb-3 mb-6">
-                            <h1 className="text-xl font-bold uppercase tracking-wide">Confirmation d'inscription</h1>
+                            <h1 className="text-xl font-bold uppercase tracking-wide">{t('enrollments.receipt.title')}</h1>
                             <div className="text-right text-sm">
-                                <p><span className="text-gray-500">N° </span><span className="font-bold">{enrollment.enrollment_code}</span></p>
-                                <p className="text-gray-500">Le {enrollmentDate}</p>
+                                <p><span className="text-gray-500">{t('enrollments.receipt.number')} </span><span className="font-bold">{enrollment.enrollment_code}</span></p>
+                                <p className="text-gray-500">{t('enrollments.receipt.issued_on', { date: enrollmentDate })}</p>
                             </div>
                         </div>
 
                         {/* Détails */}
                         <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-x-8 gap-y-4 text-sm mb-6">
-                            {field('Élève', studentName)}
-                            {field('Matricule', enrollment.student?.matricule ?? '—')}
-                            {field('Classe', enrollment.classroom ? `${enrollment.classroom.name} (${enrollment.classroom.code})` : '—')}
-                            {field('Année académique', enrollment.academic_year?.year ?? '—')}
+                            {field(t('enrollments.receipt.student'), studentName)}
+                            {field(t('enrollments.receipt.matricule'), enrollment.student?.matricule ?? '—')}
+                            {field(t('enrollments.receipt.class'), enrollment.classroom ? `${enrollment.classroom.name} (${enrollment.classroom.code})` : '—')}
+                            {field(t('enrollments.receipt.academic_year'), enrollment.academic_year?.year ?? '—')}
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-gray-400 text-[10px] uppercase tracking-wide">Statut</p>
+                                <p className="text-gray-400 text-[10px] uppercase tracking-wide">{t('enrollments.receipt.status')}</p>
                                 <span className={`inline-block px-2.5 py-0.5 rounded-full text-xs font-semibold ${statusClass[enrollment.status]}`}>
-                                    {statusLabel[enrollment.status]}
+                                    {t(`enrollments.receipt.status_opt.${enrollment.status}`)}
                                 </span>
                             </div>
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-gray-400 text-[10px] uppercase tracking-wide">Règlement</p>
+                                <p className="text-gray-400 text-[10px] uppercase tracking-wide">{t('enrollments.receipt.settlement')}</p>
                                 <span className={`inline-block px-2.5 py-0.5 rounded-full text-xs font-semibold ${settlement.cls}`}>
                                     {settlement.label}
                                 </span>
                             </div>
-                            {field('Enregistrée par', enrolledByName || enrollment.enrolled_by?.email || '—')}
+                            {field(t('enrollments.receipt.registered_by'), enrolledByName || enrollment.enrolled_by?.email || '—')}
                         </div>
 
                         {/* Mention */}
                         <div className="border-l-4 border-blue-600 pl-4 py-1 mb-10">
                             <p className="text-sm text-gray-700 leading-relaxed">
-                                La direction confirme l'inscription de l'élève <span className="font-semibold">{studentName}</span> en
-                                classe de <span className="font-semibold">{enrollment.classroom?.name ?? '—'}</span> pour l'année
-                                académique <span className="font-semibold">{enrollment.academic_year?.year ?? '—'}</span>.
+                                {t('enrollments.receipt.mention_p1')}<span className="font-semibold">{studentName}</span>{t('enrollments.receipt.mention_p2')}<span className="font-semibold">{enrollment.classroom?.name ?? '—'}</span>{t('enrollments.receipt.mention_p3')}<span className="font-semibold">{enrollment.academic_year?.year ?? '—'}</span>.
                             </p>
                             {hasFees && remaining > 0 && (
                                 <p className="text-xs text-gray-500 italic mt-2">
-                                    Document délivré sous réserve du règlement du solde restant ({fmt(remaining)}).
+                                    {t('enrollments.receipt.reserve_note', { amount: fmt(remaining) })}
                                 </p>
                             )}
                         </div>
@@ -143,16 +138,16 @@ export default function Receipt({ enrollment, header, headerCss, finance }: Read
                         {/* Signature & cachet */}
                         <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-8 text-xs">
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-gray-500 mb-1">Cachet de l'établissement</p>
+                                <p className="text-gray-500 mb-1">{t('enrollments.receipt.stamp')}</p>
                                 <div className="h-20 border border-dashed border-gray-300 rounded" />
                             </div>
                             <div className="text-center">
-                                <p className="text-gray-500 mb-1">La Direction</p>
+                                <p className="text-gray-500 mb-1">{t('enrollments.receipt.management')}</p>
                                 <div className="h-20 border-b border-gray-300" />
                             </div>
                         </div>
 
-                        <p className="text-[10px] text-gray-400 mt-6">Document établi le {issuedAt}. À conserver.</p>
+                        <p className="text-[10px] text-gray-400 mt-6">{t('enrollments.receipt.established_on', { date: issuedAt })}</p>
                     </div>
                 </div>
             </div>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Enrollments/Show.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Enrollments/Show.tsx
index ca9f3300..9c3ce6e6 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Enrollments/Show.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Enrollments/Show.tsx
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import { useMoney } from '@/helpers/money';
 import { ArrowLeft, FileText, CheckCircle2, Clock, AlertCircle, Printer } from 'lucide-react';
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface School {
@@ -61,18 +62,11 @@ interface ShowProps {
     invoice?: InvoiceSummary | null;
 }
 
-const invoiceStatusConfig: Record<InvoiceStatus, { label: string; icon: React.ReactNode; badge: string }> = {
-    ISSUED:         { label: 'Non payé',          icon: <Clock className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />,        badge: 'bg-yellow-100 text-yellow-700 dark:bg-yellow-900/30 dark:text-yellow-400' },
-    PARTIALLY_PAID: { label: 'Partiellement payé', icon: <AlertCircle className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />, badge: 'bg-blue-100 text-blue-700 dark:bg-blue-900/30 dark:text-blue-400' },
-    PAID:           { label: 'Soldé',              icon: <CheckCircle2 className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />, badge: 'bg-green-100 text-green-700 dark:bg-green-900/30 dark:text-green-400' },
-    CANCELLED:      { label: 'Annulé',             icon: null,                                      badge: 'bg-red-100 text-red-700 dark:bg-red-900/30 dark:text-red-400' },
-};
-
-
-const statusMap: Record<Enrollment['status'], string> = {
-    PENDING:   'En attente',
-    ACTIVE:    'Actif',
-    CANCELLED: 'Annulé',
+const invoiceStatusConfig: Record<InvoiceStatus, { icon: React.ReactNode; badge: string }> = {
+    ISSUED:         { icon: <Clock className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />,        badge: 'bg-yellow-100 text-yellow-700 dark:bg-yellow-900/30 dark:text-yellow-400' },
+    PARTIALLY_PAID: { icon: <AlertCircle className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />, badge: 'bg-blue-100 text-blue-700 dark:bg-blue-900/30 dark:text-blue-400' },
+    PAID:           { icon: <CheckCircle2 className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />, badge: 'bg-green-100 text-green-700 dark:bg-green-900/30 dark:text-green-400' },
+    CANCELLED:      { icon: null,                                      badge: 'bg-red-100 text-red-700 dark:bg-red-900/30 dark:text-red-400' },
 };
 
 const statusBadgeClass: Record<Enrollment['status'], string> = {
@@ -83,11 +77,13 @@ const statusBadgeClass: Record<Enrollment['status'], string> = {
 
 export default function Show({ enrollment, invoice }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
     const fmt = useMoney();
+    const { t, locale } = useTranslation();
+    const dateLocale = locale === 'en' ? 'en-GB' : 'fr-FR';
     const enrolledByName = [enrollment.enrolled_by?.firstname, enrollment.enrolled_by?.lastname].filter(Boolean).join(' ');
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Détail inscription" />
+            <Head title={t('enrollments.show.head')} />
 
             <div className="w-full space-y-6">
                 <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
@@ -100,20 +96,20 @@ export default function Show({ enrollment, invoice }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                             <ArrowLeft className="w-5 h-5 text-gray-600" />
                         </button>
                         <div>
-                            <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900">Détail de l'inscription</h1>
+                            <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900">{t('enrollments.show.title')}</h1>
                         </div>
                     </div>
                     <div className="flex gap-3">
                         <Button variant="outline" onClick={() => window.open(route('enrollments.receipt', enrollment.id), '_blank')} className="gap-2">
                             <Printer className="w-4 h-4" />
-                            Confirmation
+                            {t('enrollments.show.confirmation')}
                         </Button>
                         <Button onClick={() => router.get(route('enrollments.invoice', enrollment.id))} className="bg-green-600 hover:bg-green-700 gap-2">
                             <FileText className="w-4 h-4" />
-                            Suivi financier
+                            {t('enrollments.show.financial')}
                         </Button>
                         <Button onClick={() => router.get(route('enrollments.edit', enrollment.id))} className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700">
-                            Modifier
+                            {t('common.actions.edit')}
                         </Button>
                     </div>
                 </div>
@@ -121,57 +117,57 @@ export default function Show({ enrollment, invoice }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                 <div className="grid grid-cols-1 lg:grid-cols-3 gap-6">
                 <div className="lg:col-span-2 bg-white rounded-lg p-6 shadow-sm grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 xl:grid-cols-3 gap-4 h-max">
                     <div>
-                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-500">Code d'inscription</p>
+                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-500">{t('enrollments.show.code')}</p>
                         <p className="font-semibold text-gray-900 mt-1">{enrollment.enrollment_code}</p>
                     </div>
                     <div>
-                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-500">Statut</p>
+                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-500">{t('enrollments.show.status')}</p>
                         <p className="mt-1">
                             <span className={`px-2.5 py-1 rounded-full text-xs font-semibold ${statusBadgeClass[enrollment.status]}`}>
-                                {statusMap[enrollment.status]}
+                                {t(`enrollments.index.status.${enrollment.status.toLowerCase()}`)}
                             </span>
                         </p>
                     </div>
                     <div>
-                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-500">École</p>
+                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-500">{t('enrollments.show.school')}</p>
                         <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">
                             {enrollment.school ? `${enrollment.school.name} (${enrollment.school.code})` : '-'}
                         </p>
                     </div>
                     <div>
-                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-500">Élève</p>
+                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-500">{t('enrollments.show.student')}</p>
                         <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">
                             {enrollment.student ? `${enrollment.student.firstname} ${enrollment.student.lastname}` : '-'}
                         </p>
                     </div>
 
                     <div>
-                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-500">Classe</p>
+                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-500">{t('enrollments.show.class')}</p>
                         <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">
                             {enrollment.classroom ? `${enrollment.classroom.name} (${enrollment.classroom.code})` : '-'}
                         </p>
                     </div>
                     <div>
-                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-500">Année académique</p>
+                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-500">{t('enrollments.show.academic_year')}</p>
                         <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">{enrollment.academic_year?.year ?? '-'}</p>
                     </div>
 
                     <div>
-                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-500">Date d'inscription</p>
-                        <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">{new Date(enrollment.enrollment_date).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR')}</p>
+                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-500">{t('enrollments.show.date')}</p>
+                        <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">{new Date(enrollment.enrollment_date).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale)}</p>
                     </div>
                     <div>
-                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-500">Enregistré par</p>
+                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-500">{t('enrollments.show.enrolled_by')}</p>
                         <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">{enrolledByName || enrollment.enrolled_by?.email || '-'}</p>
                     </div>
 
                     <div>
-                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-500">Créé le</p>
-                        <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">{new Date(enrollment.created_at).toLocaleString('fr-FR')}</p>
+                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-500">{t('enrollments.show.created_at')}</p>
+                        <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">{new Date(enrollment.created_at).toLocaleString(dateLocale)}</p>
                     </div>
                     <div>
-                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-500">Modifié le</p>
-                        <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">{new Date(enrollment.updated_at).toLocaleString('fr-FR')}</p>
+                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-500">{t('enrollments.show.updated_at')}</p>
+                        <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">{new Date(enrollment.updated_at).toLocaleString(dateLocale)}</p>
                     </div>
                 </div>
 
@@ -184,29 +180,29 @@ export default function Show({ enrollment, invoice }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                         <div className="flex items-center justify-between mb-3">
                             <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
                                 <FileText className="w-4 h-4 text-gray-400" />
-                                <p className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Facture {invoice.invoice_number}</p>
+                                <p className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('enrollments.show.invoice', { number: invoice.invoice_number })}</p>
                             </div>
                             {(() => {
                                 const cfg = invoiceStatusConfig[invoice.status];
                                 return (
                                     <span className={`inline-flex items-center gap-1.5 px-2.5 py-1 rounded-full text-xs font-semibold ${cfg.badge}`}>
                                         {cfg.icon}
-                                        {cfg.label}
+                                        {t(`enrollments.show.inv.${invoice.status}`)}
                                     </span>
                                 );
                             })()}
                         </div>
                         <div className="grid grid-cols-3 gap-4 text-sm">
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-gray-400 text-xs">Total</p>
+                                <p className="text-gray-400 text-xs">{t('enrollments.show.total')}</p>
                                 <p className="font-bold text-gray-900">{fmt(invoice.total)}</p>
                             </div>
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-gray-400 text-xs">Payé</p>
+                                <p className="text-gray-400 text-xs">{t('enrollments.show.paid')}</p>
                                 <p className="font-bold text-green-600">{fmt(invoice.amount_paid)}</p>
                             </div>
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-gray-400 text-xs">Reste</p>
+                                <p className="text-gray-400 text-xs">{t('enrollments.show.remaining')}</p>
                                 <p className={`font-bold ${invoice.amount_remaining > 0 ? 'text-red-600' : 'text-green-600'}`}>
                                     {fmt(invoice.amount_remaining)}
                                 </p>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Promotion/Index.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Promotion/Index.tsx
index 2a9250b2..82afc2c5 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Promotion/Index.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Promotion/Index.tsx
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { Select, SelectContent, SelectItem, SelectTrigger, SelectValue } from '@/components/ui/select';
 import { Table, TableBody, TableCell, TableHead, TableHeader, TableRow } from '@/components/ui/table';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Year { id: string; year: string; active: boolean; }
@@ -33,6 +34,7 @@ const STATUS_STYLE: Record<string, string> = {
 };
 
 export default function Index({ years, classrooms, students, stats, statuses, filters }: Readonly<Props>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const [srcYear, setSrcYear]   = useState(filters.source_year_id || '');
     const [srcClass, setSrcClass] = useState(filters.source_class_id || '');
     const [tgtYear, setTgtYear]   = useState(filters.target_year_id || '');
@@ -74,30 +76,30 @@ export default function Index({ years, classrooms, students, stats, statuses, fi
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Passage de classe" />
+            <Head title={t('promotion.title')} />
             <div className="w-full space-y-6">
 
                 <div>
-                    <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3"><ArrowLeftRight className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />Passage de classe</h1>
-                    <p className="mt-2 text-gray-500">Réinscrivez en masse les élèves validés vers la classe et l'année suivantes.</p>
+                    <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3"><ArrowLeftRight className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />{t('promotion.title')}</h1>
+                    <p className="mt-2 text-gray-500">{t('promotion.subtitle')}</p>
                 </div>
 
                 {/* Sélecteurs source → cible */}
                 <div className="rounded-2xl bg-slate-50/70 ring-1 ring-slate-200 shadow-sm p-4">
                     <div className="grid grid-cols-1 lg:grid-cols-[1fr_1fr_auto_1fr_1fr] gap-3 items-end">
                         <div>
-                            <label className="block text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 mb-1.5">Année source</label>
+                            <label className="block text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 mb-1.5">{t('promotion.source_year')}</label>
                             <Select value={srcYear} onValueChange={v => { setSrcYear(v); load({ source_year_id: v }); }}>
-                                <SelectTrigger><SelectValue placeholder="Choisir" /></SelectTrigger>
-                                <SelectContent>{years.map(y => <SelectItem key={y.id} value={y.id}>{y.year}{y.active ? ' (active)' : ''}</SelectItem>)}</SelectContent>
+                                <SelectTrigger><SelectValue placeholder={t('promotion.choose')} /></SelectTrigger>
+                                <SelectContent>{years.map(y => <SelectItem key={y.id} value={y.id}>{y.year}{y.active ? ` (${t('promotion.active')})` : ''}</SelectItem>)}</SelectContent>
                             </Select>
                         </div>
                         <div>
-                            <label className="block text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 mb-1.5">Classe source</label>
+                            <label className="block text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 mb-1.5">{t('promotion.source_class')}</label>
                             <Select value={srcClass || 'none'} onValueChange={v => { const val = v === 'none' ? '' : v; setSrcClass(val); load({ source_class_id: val }); }}>
-                                <SelectTrigger><SelectValue placeholder="Choisir" /></SelectTrigger>
+                                <SelectTrigger><SelectValue placeholder={t('promotion.choose')} /></SelectTrigger>
                                 <SelectContent>
-                                    <SelectItem value="none" disabled>Choisir</SelectItem>
+                                    <SelectItem value="none" disabled>{t('promotion.choose')}</SelectItem>
                                     {classrooms.map(c => <SelectItem key={c.id} value={c.id}>{c.name} ({c.code})</SelectItem>)}
                                 </SelectContent>
                             </Select>
@@ -106,18 +108,18 @@ export default function Index({ years, classrooms, students, stats, statuses, fi
                             <ArrowRight className="w-5 h-5 text-gray-400" />
                         </div>
                         <div>
-                            <label className="block text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 mb-1.5">Année cible</label>
+                            <label className="block text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 mb-1.5">{t('promotion.target_year')}</label>
                             <Select value={tgtYear} onValueChange={v => { setTgtYear(v); load({ target_year_id: v }); }}>
-                                <SelectTrigger><SelectValue placeholder="Choisir" /></SelectTrigger>
-                                <SelectContent>{years.map(y => <SelectItem key={y.id} value={y.id}>{y.year}{y.active ? ' (active)' : ''}</SelectItem>)}</SelectContent>
+                                <SelectTrigger><SelectValue placeholder={t('promotion.choose')} /></SelectTrigger>
+                                <SelectContent>{years.map(y => <SelectItem key={y.id} value={y.id}>{y.year}{y.active ? ` (${t('promotion.active')})` : ''}</SelectItem>)}</SelectContent>
                             </Select>
                         </div>
                         <div>
-                            <label className="block text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 mb-1.5">Classe cible</label>
+                            <label className="block text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 mb-1.5">{t('promotion.target_class')}</label>
                             <Select value={tgtClass || 'none'} onValueChange={v => setTgtClass(v === 'none' ? '' : v)}>
-                                <SelectTrigger><SelectValue placeholder="Choisir" /></SelectTrigger>
+                                <SelectTrigger><SelectValue placeholder={t('promotion.choose')} /></SelectTrigger>
                                 <SelectContent>
-                                    <SelectItem value="none" disabled>Choisir</SelectItem>
+                                    <SelectItem value="none" disabled>{t('promotion.choose')}</SelectItem>
                                     {classrooms.map(c => <SelectItem key={c.id} value={c.id}>{c.name} ({c.code})</SelectItem>)}
                                 </SelectContent>
                             </Select>
@@ -128,17 +130,17 @@ export default function Index({ years, classrooms, students, stats, statuses, fi
                 {!ready ? (
                     <div className="bg-white rounded-2xl shadow-sm ring-1 ring-gray-100 py-20 text-center text-gray-400">
                         <GraduationCap className="w-12 h-12 mx-auto mb-3 opacity-20" />
-                        <p className="text-lg font-medium">Choisissez une année et une classe source</p>
+                        <p className="text-lg font-medium">{t('promotion.select_prompt')}</p>
                     </div>
                 ) : (
                     <>
                         {/* Stats */}
                         <div className="grid grid-cols-2 lg:grid-cols-4 gap-4">
                             {[
-                                { label: 'Élèves', value: stats.total ?? 0, color: 'text-gray-700', icon: Users },
-                                { label: 'Validés', value: stats.valide ?? 0, color: 'text-emerald-600', icon: CheckCircle2 },
-                                { label: 'Non validés', value: stats.non_valide ?? 0, color: 'text-amber-600', icon: Users },
-                                { label: 'Déjà réinscrits', value: stats.deja_reinscrit ?? 0, color: 'text-blue-600', icon: GraduationCap },
+                                { label: t('promotion.stat.students'), value: stats.total ?? 0, color: 'text-gray-700', icon: Users },
+                                { label: t('promotion.stat.valide'), value: stats.valide ?? 0, color: 'text-emerald-600', icon: CheckCircle2 },
+                                { label: t('promotion.stat.non_valide'), value: stats.non_valide ?? 0, color: 'text-amber-600', icon: Users },
+                                { label: t('promotion.stat.reenrolled'), value: stats.deja_reinscrit ?? 0, color: 'text-blue-600', icon: GraduationCap },
                             ].map(c => {
                                 const Icon = c.icon;
                                 return (
@@ -155,12 +157,12 @@ export default function Index({ years, classrooms, students, stats, statuses, fi
 
                         {/* Barre d'action */}
                         <div className="flex items-center gap-3 bg-blue-50 ring-1 ring-blue-100 rounded-2xl px-5 py-3 flex-wrap">
-                            <span className="text-sm font-medium text-blue-800">{selected.length} élève(s) sélectionné(s)</span>
+                            <span className="text-sm font-medium text-blue-800">{t('promotion.selected', { count: selected.length })}</span>
                             {!tgtYear || !tgtClass ? (
-                                <span className="text-sm text-amber-600">⚠ Choisissez l'année et la classe cible</span>
+                                <span className="text-sm text-amber-600">⚠ {t('promotion.choose_target')}</span>
                             ) : null}
                             <Button className="ml-auto bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700 gap-2" disabled={!canSubmit} onClick={submit}>
-                                <ArrowRight className="w-4 h-4" /> Réinscrire la sélection
+                                <ArrowRight className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('promotion.reenroll_selection')}
                             </Button>
                         </div>
 
@@ -172,15 +174,15 @@ export default function Index({ years, classrooms, students, stats, statuses, fi
                                         <TableHead className="w-10">
                                             <input type="checkbox" checked={selected.length > 0 && selected.length === selectableIds.length} onChange={toggleAll} className="rounded" />
                                         </TableHead>
-                                        <TableHead>Élève</TableHead>
-                                        <TableHead>Matricule</TableHead>
-                                        <TableHead>Statut (année source)</TableHead>
-                                        <TableHead>Cible</TableHead>
+                                        <TableHead>{t('promotion.col_student')}</TableHead>
+                                        <TableHead>{t('promotion.col_matricule')}</TableHead>
+                                        <TableHead>{t('promotion.col_status_source')}</TableHead>
+                                        <TableHead>{t('promotion.col_target')}</TableHead>
                                     </TableRow>
                                 </TableHeader>
                                 <TableBody>
                                     {students.length === 0 ? (
-                                        <TableRow><TableCell colSpan={5} className="py-12 text-center text-gray-400">Aucun élève dans cette classe.</TableCell></TableRow>
+                                        <TableRow><TableCell colSpan={5} className="py-12 text-center text-gray-400">{t('promotion.empty')}</TableCell></TableRow>
                                     ) : students.map(s => (
                                         <TableRow key={s.enrollment_id} className={s.already_enrolled ? 'bg-gray-50/50' : 'hover:bg-gray-50'}>
                                             <TableCell>
@@ -195,8 +197,8 @@ export default function Index({ years, classrooms, students, stats, statuses, fi
                                             </TableCell>
                                             <TableCell>
                                                 {s.already_enrolled
-                                                    ? <span className="text-xs text-emerald-600 font-medium inline-flex items-center gap-1"><CheckCircle2 className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> Déjà réinscrit</span>
-                                                    : <span className="text-xs text-gray-400">À réinscrire</span>}
+                                                    ? <span className="text-xs text-emerald-600 font-medium inline-flex items-center gap-1"><CheckCircle2 className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> {t('promotion.already_reenrolled')}</span>
+                                                    : <span className="text-xs text-gray-400">{t('promotion.to_reenroll')}</span>}
                                             </TableCell>
                                         </TableRow>
                                     ))}
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Roster/Index.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Roster/Index.tsx
index 8b9df17c..c93089a9 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Roster/Index.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Roster/Index.tsx
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { Select, SelectContent, SelectItem, SelectTrigger, SelectValue } from '@/components/ui/select';
 import { Table, TableBody, TableCell, TableHead, TableHeader, TableRow } from '@/components/ui/table';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Year { id: string; year: string; active: boolean; }
@@ -43,6 +44,7 @@ const STATUS_STYLE: Record<string, string> = {
 const ALL = 'all';
 
 export default function Index({ years, classrooms, enrollments, stats, statuses, filters, canManage }: Readonly<Props>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const [yearId, setYearId]   = useState(filters.academic_year_id || '');
     const [classId, setClassId] = useState(filters.class_id || '');
     const [statusF, setStatusF] = useState(filters.academic_status || ALL);
@@ -90,22 +92,22 @@ export default function Index({ years, classrooms, enrollments, stats, statuses,
     const ready = yearId && classId;
 
     const statCards = [
-        { label: 'Inscrits', value: stats.total ?? 0, color: 'text-gray-700', icon: Users },
-        { label: 'En cours', value: stats.en_cours ?? 0, color: 'text-blue-600', icon: GraduationCap },
-        { label: 'Validés', value: stats.valide ?? 0, color: 'text-emerald-600', icon: CheckCircle2 },
-        { label: 'Non validés', value: stats.non_valide ?? 0, color: 'text-amber-600', icon: XCircle },
-        { label: 'Abandons', value: stats.abandon ?? 0, color: 'text-red-600', icon: XCircle },
+        { label: t('roster.stat.enrolled'), value: stats.total ?? 0, color: 'text-gray-700', icon: Users },
+        { label: t('roster.stat.en_cours'), value: stats.en_cours ?? 0, color: 'text-blue-600', icon: GraduationCap },
+        { label: t('roster.stat.valide'), value: stats.valide ?? 0, color: 'text-emerald-600', icon: CheckCircle2 },
+        { label: t('roster.stat.non_valide'), value: stats.non_valide ?? 0, color: 'text-amber-600', icon: XCircle },
+        { label: t('roster.stat.abandon'), value: stats.abandon ?? 0, color: 'text-red-600', icon: XCircle },
     ];
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Effectifs / Listes de classe" />
+            <Head title={t('roster.title')} />
             <div className="w-full space-y-6">
 
                 <div className="flex items-start justify-between gap-4 flex-wrap">
                     <div>
-                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3"><ListChecks className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />Effectifs / Listes de classe</h1>
-                        <p className="mt-2 text-gray-500">Élèves par année et classe, suivi de scolarité (validation, abandon, transfert).</p>
+                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3"><ListChecks className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />{t('roster.title')}</h1>
+                        <p className="mt-2 text-gray-500">{t('roster.subtitle')}</p>
                     </div>
                     {ready && (
                         <Button
@@ -116,7 +118,7 @@ export default function Index({ years, classrooms, enrollments, stats, statuses,
                                 window.open(`${route('roster.export')}?${params.toString()}`, '_blank');
                             }}
                         >
-                            <Download className="w-4 h-4" /> Exporter en PDF
+                            <Download className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('roster.export_pdf')}
                         </Button>
                     )}
                 </div>
@@ -124,20 +126,20 @@ export default function Index({ years, classrooms, enrollments, stats, statuses,
                 {/* Filtres */}
                 <div className="rounded-2xl bg-slate-50/70 ring-1 ring-slate-200 shadow-sm p-4 flex flex-wrap gap-3 items-end">
                     <div className="min-w-44">
-                        <label className="block text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 mb-1.5">Année scolaire</label>
+                        <label className="block text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 mb-1.5">{t('roster.year')}</label>
                         <Select value={yearId} onValueChange={v => { setYearId(v); apply({ academic_year_id: v }); }}>
-                            <SelectTrigger><SelectValue placeholder="Choisir" /></SelectTrigger>
+                            <SelectTrigger><SelectValue placeholder={t('roster.choose')} /></SelectTrigger>
                             <SelectContent>
-                                {years.map(y => <SelectItem key={y.id} value={y.id}>{y.year}{y.active ? ' (active)' : ''}</SelectItem>)}
+                                {years.map(y => <SelectItem key={y.id} value={y.id}>{y.year}{y.active ? ` (${t('roster.active')})` : ''}</SelectItem>)}
                             </SelectContent>
                         </Select>
                     </div>
                     <div className="min-w-44">
-                        <label className="block text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 mb-1.5">Classe</label>
+                        <label className="block text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 mb-1.5">{t('roster.class')}</label>
                         <Select value={classId || 'none'} onValueChange={v => { const val = v === 'none' ? '' : v; setClassId(val); apply({ class_id: val }); }}>
-                            <SelectTrigger><SelectValue placeholder="Choisir une classe" /></SelectTrigger>
+                            <SelectTrigger><SelectValue placeholder={t('roster.choose_class')} /></SelectTrigger>
                             <SelectContent>
-                                <SelectItem value="none" disabled>Choisir une classe</SelectItem>
+                                <SelectItem value="none" disabled>{t('roster.choose_class')}</SelectItem>
                                 {classrooms.map(c => <SelectItem key={c.id} value={c.id}>{c.name} ({c.code})</SelectItem>)}
                             </SelectContent>
                         </Select>
@@ -145,19 +147,19 @@ export default function Index({ years, classrooms, enrollments, stats, statuses,
                     {ready && (
                         <>
                             <div className="min-w-40">
-                                <label className="block text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 mb-1.5">Statut</label>
+                                <label className="block text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 mb-1.5">{t('roster.status')}</label>
                                 <Select value={statusF} onValueChange={v => { setStatusF(v); apply({ academic_status: v }); }}>
                                     <SelectTrigger><SelectValue /></SelectTrigger>
                                     <SelectContent>
-                                        <SelectItem value={ALL}>Tous</SelectItem>
+                                        <SelectItem value={ALL}>{t('roster.all')}</SelectItem>
                                         {Object.entries(statuses).map(([k, label]) => <SelectItem key={k} value={k}>{label}</SelectItem>)}
                                     </SelectContent>
                                 </Select>
                             </div>
                             <div className="relative flex-1 min-w-48">
-                                <label className="block text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 mb-1.5">Recherche</label>
+                                <label className="block text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 mb-1.5">{t('roster.search')}</label>
                                 <Search className="absolute left-3 top-9 w-4 h-4 text-gray-400" />
-                                <Input value={search} onChange={e => setSearch(e.target.value)} onKeyDown={e => e.key === 'Enter' && apply()} placeholder="Nom ou matricule..." className="pl-9" />
+                                <Input value={search} onChange={e => setSearch(e.target.value)} onKeyDown={e => e.key === 'Enter' && apply()} placeholder={t('roster.search_ph')} className="pl-9" />
                             </div>
                         </>
                     )}
@@ -166,7 +168,7 @@ export default function Index({ years, classrooms, enrollments, stats, statuses,
                 {!ready ? (
                     <div className="bg-white rounded-2xl shadow-sm ring-1 ring-gray-100 py-20 text-center text-gray-400">
                         <Users className="w-12 h-12 mx-auto mb-3 opacity-20" />
-                        <p className="text-lg font-medium">Sélectionnez une année et une classe</p>
+                        <p className="text-lg font-medium">{t('roster.select_prompt')}</p>
                     </div>
                 ) : (
                     <>
@@ -191,14 +193,14 @@ export default function Index({ years, classrooms, enrollments, stats, statuses,
                         {/* Barre actions groupées */}
                         {canManage && selected.length > 0 && (
                             <div className="flex items-center gap-3 bg-blue-50 ring-1 ring-blue-100 rounded-2xl px-5 py-3">
-                                <span className="text-sm font-medium text-blue-800">{selected.length} sélectionné(s)</span>
+                                <span className="text-sm font-medium text-blue-800">{t('roster.selected', { count: selected.length })}</span>
                                 <Button size="sm" className="bg-emerald-600 hover:bg-emerald-700 gap-1" onClick={() => bulkApply('valide')}>
-                                    <CheckCircle2 className="w-4 h-4" /> Valider
+                                    <CheckCircle2 className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('roster.validate')}
                                 </Button>
                                 <Button size="sm" variant="outline" className="border-amber-300 text-amber-700 gap-1" onClick={() => bulkApply('non_valide')}>
-                                    <XCircle className="w-4 h-4" /> Non valider
+                                    <XCircle className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('roster.invalidate')}
                                 </Button>
-                                <button onClick={() => setSelected([])} className="ml-auto text-blue-500 hover:text-blue-700 text-sm">Annuler</button>
+                                <button onClick={() => setSelected([])} className="ml-auto text-blue-500 hover:text-blue-700 text-sm">{t('common.actions.cancel')}</button>
                             </div>
                         )}
 
@@ -212,18 +214,18 @@ export default function Index({ years, classrooms, enrollments, stats, statuses,
                                                 <input type="checkbox" checked={selected.length > 0 && selected.length === enrollments.length} onChange={toggleAll} className="rounded" />
                                             </TableHead>
                                         )}
-                                        <TableHead>Élève</TableHead>
-                                        <TableHead>Matricule</TableHead>
-                                        <TableHead>Paiement</TableHead>
-                                        <TableHead>Statut scolarité</TableHead>
-                                        {canManage && <TableHead className="text-center w-24">Action</TableHead>}
+                                        <TableHead>{t('roster.col_student')}</TableHead>
+                                        <TableHead>{t('roster.col_matricule')}</TableHead>
+                                        <TableHead>{t('roster.col_payment')}</TableHead>
+                                        <TableHead>{t('roster.col_schooling')}</TableHead>
+                                        {canManage && <TableHead className="text-center w-24">{t('roster.col_action')}</TableHead>}
                                     </TableRow>
                                 </TableHeader>
                                 <TableBody>
                                     {enrollments.length === 0 ? (
                                         <TableRow>
                                             <TableCell colSpan={canManage ? 6 : 4} className="py-12 text-center text-gray-400">
-                                                Aucun élève pour ce filtre.
+                                                {t('roster.empty')}
                                             </TableCell>
                                         </TableRow>
                                     ) : enrollments.map(e => (
@@ -238,10 +240,10 @@ export default function Index({ years, classrooms, enrollments, stats, statuses,
                                             <TableCell>
                                                 {(() => {
                                                     const map: Record<string, { label: string; cls: string }> = {
-                                                        PAID:           { label: 'Payé',    cls: 'bg-emerald-100 text-emerald-700' },
-                                                        PARTIALLY_PAID: { label: 'Partiel', cls: 'bg-amber-100 text-amber-700' },
-                                                        ISSUED:         { label: 'Impayé',  cls: 'bg-red-100 text-red-700' },
-                                                        NONE:           { label: 'Sans facture', cls: 'bg-gray-100 text-gray-500' },
+                                                        PAID:           { label: t('roster.pay.PAID'),    cls: 'bg-emerald-100 text-emerald-700' },
+                                                        PARTIALLY_PAID: { label: t('roster.pay.PARTIALLY_PAID'), cls: 'bg-amber-100 text-amber-700' },
+                                                        ISSUED:         { label: t('roster.pay.ISSUED'),  cls: 'bg-red-100 text-red-700' },
+                                                        NONE:           { label: t('roster.pay.NONE'), cls: 'bg-gray-100 text-gray-500' },
                                                     };
                                                     const p = map[e.payment_status] ?? map.NONE;
                                                     return <span className={`text-xs px-2 py-0.5 rounded-full ${p.cls}`}>{p.label}</span>;
@@ -256,7 +258,7 @@ export default function Index({ years, classrooms, enrollments, stats, statuses,
                                             {canManage && (
                                                 <TableCell className="text-center">
                                                     <Button variant="outline" size="sm" className="gap-1 text-xs" onClick={() => openDialog(e)}>
-                                                        <Settings2 className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> Statut
+                                                        <Settings2 className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> {t('roster.status_btn')}
                                                     </Button>
                                                 </TableCell>
                                             )}
@@ -273,12 +275,12 @@ export default function Index({ years, classrooms, enrollments, stats, statuses,
             <Dialog open={!!dialog} onOpenChange={(o) => !o && setDialog(null)}>
                 <DialogContent>
                     <DialogHeader>
-                        <DialogTitle>Statut de scolarité</DialogTitle>
+                        <DialogTitle>{t('roster.dialog.title')}</DialogTitle>
                         <DialogDescription>{dialog?.row.student_name}</DialogDescription>
                     </DialogHeader>
                     <div className="space-y-4 py-2">
                         <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                            <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Statut</label>
+                            <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('roster.dialog.status')}</label>
                             <Select value={newStatus} onValueChange={setNewStatus}>
                                 <SelectTrigger><SelectValue /></SelectTrigger>
                                 <SelectContent>
@@ -288,17 +290,17 @@ export default function Index({ years, classrooms, enrollments, stats, statuses,
                         </div>
                         {(newStatus === 'abandon' || newStatus === 'transfere') && (
                             <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                                <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Motif</label>
-                                <Input value={reason} onChange={e => setReason(e.target.value)} placeholder="Raison de l'abandon / transfert..." />
+                                <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('roster.dialog.reason')}</label>
+                                <Input value={reason} onChange={e => setReason(e.target.value)} placeholder={t('roster.dialog.reason_ph')} />
                             </div>
                         )}
                         {newStatus === 'abandon' && (
-                            <p className="text-xs text-red-500">L'élève sortira automatiquement des listes d'appel (présences).</p>
+                            <p className="text-xs text-red-500">{t('roster.dialog.abandon_warning')}</p>
                         )}
                     </div>
                     <div className="flex justify-end gap-2">
-                        <Button variant="outline" onClick={() => setDialog(null)}>Annuler</Button>
-                        <Button className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700" onClick={saveStatus}>Enregistrer</Button>
+                        <Button variant="outline" onClick={() => setDialog(null)}>{t('common.actions.cancel')}</Button>
+                        <Button className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700" onClick={saveStatus}>{t('common.actions.save')}</Button>
                     </div>
                 </DialogContent>
             </Dialog>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Eleves/StudentScholarships/Create.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Eleves/StudentScholarships/Create.tsx
index 3aeb335f..b214b4ea 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Eleves/StudentScholarships/Create.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Eleves/StudentScholarships/Create.tsx
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import { Label } from '@/components/ui/label';
 import { Select, SelectContent, SelectItem, SelectTrigger, SelectValue } from '@/components/ui/select';
 import { Textarea } from '@/components/ui/textarea';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Student {
@@ -44,7 +45,9 @@ interface SearchSelectProps {
     error?: string;
 }
 
-function StudentSearchSelect({ students, value, onChange, placeholder = "Sélectionnez un élève", error }: SearchSelectProps) {
+function StudentSearchSelect({ students, value, onChange, placeholder, error }: SearchSelectProps) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
+    const ph = placeholder ?? t('scholarships.form.select_student');
     const [isOpen, setIsOpen] = useState(false);
     const [search, setSearch] = useState('');
     const [highlightedIndex, setHighlightedIndex] = useState(-1);
@@ -129,7 +132,7 @@ function StudentSearchSelect({ students, value, onChange, placeholder = "Sélect
                 <Input
                     ref={inputRef}
                     type="text"
-                    placeholder={selectedStudent ? `${selectedStudent.firstname} ${selectedStudent.lastname} (${selectedStudent.matricule})` : placeholder}
+                    placeholder={selectedStudent ? `${selectedStudent.firstname} ${selectedStudent.lastname} (${selectedStudent.matricule})` : ph}
                     value={isOpen ? search : (selectedStudent ? `${selectedStudent.firstname} ${selectedStudent.lastname} (${selectedStudent.matricule})` : '')}
                     onChange={(e) => {
                         setSearch(e.target.value);
@@ -154,7 +157,7 @@ function StudentSearchSelect({ students, value, onChange, placeholder = "Sélect
                 <div className="absolute z-50 w-full mt-1 bg-white border border-gray-200 rounded-md shadow-lg max-h-60 overflow-auto">
                     {filteredStudents.length === 0 ? (
                         <div className="px-3 py-2 text-sm text-gray-500">
-                            Aucun élève trouvé
+                            {t('scholarships.form.no_student')}
                         </div>
                     ) : (
                         filteredStudents.map((student, index) => (
@@ -177,7 +180,7 @@ function StudentSearchSelect({ students, value, onChange, placeholder = "Sélect
                     )}
                     {students.length > 50 && filteredStudents.length === 50 && (
                         <div className="px-3 py-2 text-xs text-gray-500 border-t">
-                            Et {students.length - 50} autres élèves...
+                            {t('scholarships.form.more_students', { count: students.length - 50 })}
                         </div>
                     )}
                 </div>
@@ -191,6 +194,7 @@ function StudentSearchSelect({ students, value, onChange, placeholder = "Sélect
 }
 
 export default function Create({ students, scholarships, academicYears }: Readonly<CreateProps>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const currency = useCurrencySymbol();
     const { data, setData, post, processing, errors } = useForm({
         student_id: '',
@@ -209,7 +213,7 @@ export default function Create({ students, scholarships, academicYears }: Readon
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Nouvelle attribution de bourse" />
+            <Head title={t('scholarships.form.create_head')} />
 
             <div className="space-y-6">
                 <div className="flex items-center gap-4">
@@ -219,12 +223,12 @@ export default function Create({ students, scholarships, academicYears }: Readon
                         onClick={() => router.visit(route('student-scholarships.index'))}
                     >
                         <ArrowLeft className="mr-2 h-4 w-4" />
-                        Retour
+                        {t('common.actions.back')}
                     </Button>
                     <div>
-                        <h1 className="text-2xl font-bold text-gray-900">Nouvelle Attribution de Bourse</h1>
+                        <h1 className="text-2xl font-bold text-gray-900">{t('scholarships.form.create_title')}</h1>
                         <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">
-                            Attribuez une bourse à un étudiant
+                            {t('scholarships.form.create_subtitle')}
                         </p>
                     </div>
                 </div>
@@ -235,7 +239,7 @@ export default function Create({ students, scholarships, academicYears }: Readon
                         <CardHeader className="bg-blue-100">
                             <CardTitle className="flex items-center gap-2 text-blue-900">
                                 <Award className="h-5 w-5" />
-                                Attribution de Bourse
+                                {t('scholarships.form.section_award')}
                             </CardTitle>
                         </CardHeader>
                         <CardContent className="pt-6">
@@ -244,13 +248,13 @@ export default function Create({ students, scholarships, academicYears }: Readon
                                 <div className="space-y-2">
                                     <Label htmlFor="student_id" className="flex items-center gap-2 text-blue-800">
                                         <User className="h-4 w-4" />
-                                        Élève *
+                                        {t('scholarships.form.student')}
                                     </Label>
                                     <StudentSearchSelect
                                         students={students}
                                         value={data.student_id}
                                         onChange={(value) => setData('student_id', value)}
-                                        placeholder="Rechercher et sélectionner un élève..."
+                                        placeholder={t('scholarships.form.student_search_ph')}
                                         error={errors.student_id}
                                     />
                                 </div>
@@ -259,14 +263,14 @@ export default function Create({ students, scholarships, academicYears }: Readon
                                 <div className="space-y-2">
                                     <Label htmlFor="scholarship_id" className="flex items-center gap-2 text-blue-800">
                                         <Award className="h-4 w-4" />
-                                        Bourse *
+                                        {t('scholarships.form.scholarship')}
                                     </Label>
                                     <Select
                                         value={data.scholarship_id}
                                         onValueChange={(value) => setData('scholarship_id', value)}
                                     >
                                         <SelectTrigger className="bg-white">
-                                            <SelectValue placeholder="Sélectionnez une bourse" />
+                                            <SelectValue placeholder={t('scholarships.form.select_scholarship')} />
                                         </SelectTrigger>
                                         <SelectContent>
                                             {scholarships.map((scholarship) => (
@@ -285,14 +289,14 @@ export default function Create({ students, scholarships, academicYears }: Readon
                                 <div className="space-y-2 md:col-span-2">
                                     <Label htmlFor="academic_year_id" className="flex items-center gap-2 text-blue-800">
                                         <Calendar className="h-4 w-4" />
-                                        Année Académique *
+                                        {t('scholarships.form.academic_year')}
                                     </Label>
                                     <Select
                                         value={data.academic_year_id}
                                         onValueChange={(value) => setData('academic_year_id', value)}
                                     >
                                         <SelectTrigger className="bg-white md:w-1/2">
-                                            <SelectValue placeholder="Sélectionnez une année" />
+                                            <SelectValue placeholder={t('scholarships.form.select_year')} />
                                         </SelectTrigger>
                                         <SelectContent>
                                             {academicYears.map((year) => (
@@ -310,14 +314,14 @@ export default function Create({ students, scholarships, academicYears }: Readon
                                 {/* Scholarship Duration */}
                                 <div className="space-y-2">
                                     <Label htmlFor="number_of_year" className="flex items-center gap-2 text-blue-800">
-                                        Nombre d'années
+                                        {t('scholarships.form.number_of_year')}
                                     </Label>
                                     <Input
                                         type="number"
                                         id="number_of_year"
                                         value={data.number_of_year}
                                         onChange={(e) => setData('number_of_year', e.target.value)}
-                                        placeholder="Ex: 1, 2, 3..."
+                                        placeholder={t('scholarships.form.number_of_year_ph')}
                                         className="bg-white"
                                         min="1"
                                     />
@@ -330,7 +334,7 @@ export default function Create({ students, scholarships, academicYears }: Readon
                                 <div className="space-y-2">
                                     <Label htmlFor="start_date" className="flex items-center gap-2 text-blue-800">
                                         <Calendar className="h-4 w-4" />
-                                        Date de début
+                                        {t('scholarships.form.start_date')}
                                     </Label>
                                     <Input
                                         type="date"
@@ -348,7 +352,7 @@ export default function Create({ students, scholarships, academicYears }: Readon
                                 <div className="space-y-2">
                                     <Label htmlFor="end_date" className="flex items-center gap-2 text-blue-800">
                                         <Calendar className="h-4 w-4" />
-                                        Date de fin
+                                        {t('scholarships.form.end_date')}
                                     </Label>
                                     <Input
                                         type="date"
@@ -370,20 +374,20 @@ export default function Create({ students, scholarships, academicYears }: Readon
                         <CardHeader className="bg-green-100">
                             <CardTitle className="flex items-center gap-2 text-green-900">
                                 <FileText className="h-5 w-5" />
-                                Informations Complémentaires
+                                {t('scholarships.form.extra_info')}
                             </CardTitle>
                         </CardHeader>
                         <CardContent className="pt-6">
                             <div className="space-y-2">
                                 <Label htmlFor="notes" className="flex items-center gap-2 text-green-800">
                                     <FileText className="h-4 w-4" />
-                                    Notes (optionnel)
+                                    {t('scholarships.form.notes')}
                                 </Label>
                                 <Textarea
                                     id="notes"
                                     value={data.notes}
                                     onChange={(e) => setData('notes', e.target.value)}
-                                    placeholder="Ajoutez des notes sur cette attribution..."
+                                    placeholder={t('scholarships.form.notes_ph')}
                                     rows={3}
                                     className="bg-white"
                                 />
@@ -401,7 +405,7 @@ export default function Create({ students, scholarships, academicYears }: Readon
                             variant="outline"
                             onClick={() => router.visit(route('student-scholarships.index'))}
                         >
-                            Annuler
+                            {t('common.actions.cancel')}
                         </Button>
                         <Button
                             type="submit"
@@ -409,7 +413,7 @@ export default function Create({ students, scholarships, academicYears }: Readon
                             className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700"
                         >
                             <Save className="mr-2 h-4 w-4" />
-                            {processing ? 'Enregistrement...' : 'Enregistrer'}
+                            {processing ? t('scholarships.form.saving') : t('common.actions.save')}
                         </Button>
                     </div>
                 </form>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Eleves/StudentScholarships/Edit.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Eleves/StudentScholarships/Edit.tsx
index f75f3b36..16673176 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Eleves/StudentScholarships/Edit.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Eleves/StudentScholarships/Edit.tsx
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import { Label } from '@/components/ui/label';
 import { Select, SelectContent, SelectItem, SelectTrigger, SelectValue } from '@/components/ui/select';
 import { Textarea } from '@/components/ui/textarea';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Student {
@@ -59,7 +60,9 @@ interface SearchSelectProps {
     error?: string;
 }
 
-function StudentSearchSelect({ students, value, onChange, placeholder = "Sélectionnez un élève", error }: SearchSelectProps) {
+function StudentSearchSelect({ students, value, onChange, placeholder, error }: SearchSelectProps) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
+    const ph = placeholder ?? t('scholarships.form.select_student');
     const [isOpen, setIsOpen] = useState(false);
     const [search, setSearch] = useState('');
     const [highlightedIndex, setHighlightedIndex] = useState(-1);
@@ -144,7 +147,7 @@ function StudentSearchSelect({ students, value, onChange, placeholder = "Sélect
                 <Input
                     ref={inputRef}
                     type="text"
-                    placeholder={selectedStudent ? `${selectedStudent.firstname} ${selectedStudent.lastname} (${selectedStudent.matricule})` : placeholder}
+                    placeholder={selectedStudent ? `${selectedStudent.firstname} ${selectedStudent.lastname} (${selectedStudent.matricule})` : ph}
                     value={isOpen ? search : (selectedStudent ? `${selectedStudent.firstname} ${selectedStudent.lastname} (${selectedStudent.matricule})` : '')}
                     onChange={(e) => {
                         setSearch(e.target.value);
@@ -169,7 +172,7 @@ function StudentSearchSelect({ students, value, onChange, placeholder = "Sélect
                 <div className="absolute z-50 w-full mt-1 bg-white border border-gray-200 rounded-md shadow-lg max-h-60 overflow-auto">
                     {filteredStudents.length === 0 ? (
                         <div className="px-3 py-2 text-sm text-gray-500">
-                            Aucun élève trouvé
+                            {t('scholarships.form.no_student')}
                         </div>
                     ) : (
                         filteredStudents.map((student, index) => (
@@ -192,7 +195,7 @@ function StudentSearchSelect({ students, value, onChange, placeholder = "Sélect
                     )}
                     {students.length > 50 && filteredStudents.length === 50 && (
                         <div className="px-3 py-2 text-xs text-gray-500 border-t">
-                            Et {students.length - 50} autres élèves...
+                            {t('scholarships.form.more_students', { count: students.length - 50 })}
                         </div>
                     )}
                 </div>
@@ -206,6 +209,7 @@ function StudentSearchSelect({ students, value, onChange, placeholder = "Sélect
 }
 
 export default function Edit({ studentScholarship, students, scholarships, academicYears }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const currency = useCurrencySymbol();
     const { data, setData, put, processing, errors } = useForm({
         student_id: studentScholarship.student_id,
@@ -224,7 +228,7 @@ export default function Edit({ studentScholarship, students, scholarships, acade
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Modifier l'attribution de bourse" />
+            <Head title={t('scholarships.form.edit_head')} />
 
             <div className="space-y-6">
                 <div className="flex items-center gap-4">
@@ -234,12 +238,12 @@ export default function Edit({ studentScholarship, students, scholarships, acade
                         onClick={() => router.visit(route('student-scholarships.show', studentScholarship.id))}
                     >
                         <ArrowLeft className="mr-2 h-4 w-4" />
-                        Retour
+                        {t('common.actions.back')}
                     </Button>
                     <div>
-                        <h1 className="text-2xl font-bold text-gray-900">Modifier l'Attribution de Bourse</h1>
+                        <h1 className="text-2xl font-bold text-gray-900">{t('scholarships.form.edit_title')}</h1>
                         <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">
-                            Modifiez les détails de l'attribution de bourse
+                            {t('scholarships.form.edit_subtitle')}
                         </p>
                     </div>
                 </div>
@@ -250,7 +254,7 @@ export default function Edit({ studentScholarship, students, scholarships, acade
                         <CardHeader className="bg-blue-100">
                             <CardTitle className="flex items-center gap-2 text-blue-900">
                                 <Award className="h-5 w-5" />
-                                Attribution de Bourse
+                                {t('scholarships.form.section_award')}
                             </CardTitle>
                         </CardHeader>
                         <CardContent className="pt-6">
@@ -259,13 +263,13 @@ export default function Edit({ studentScholarship, students, scholarships, acade
                                 <div className="space-y-2">
                                     <Label htmlFor="student_id" className="flex items-center gap-2 text-blue-800">
                                         <User className="h-4 w-4" />
-                                        Élève *
+                                        {t('scholarships.form.student')}
                                     </Label>
                                     <StudentSearchSelect
                                         students={students}
                                         value={data.student_id}
                                         onChange={(value) => setData('student_id', value)}
-                                        placeholder="Rechercher et sélectionner un élève..."
+                                        placeholder={t('scholarships.form.student_search_ph')}
                                         error={errors.student_id}
                                     />
                                 </div>
@@ -274,14 +278,14 @@ export default function Edit({ studentScholarship, students, scholarships, acade
                                 <div className="space-y-2">
                                     <Label htmlFor="scholarship_id" className="flex items-center gap-2 text-blue-800">
                                         <Award className="h-4 w-4" />
-                                        Bourse *
+                                        {t('scholarships.form.scholarship')}
                                     </Label>
                                     <Select
                                         value={data.scholarship_id}
                                         onValueChange={(value) => setData('scholarship_id', value)}
                                     >
                                         <SelectTrigger className="bg-white">
-                                            <SelectValue placeholder="Sélectionnez une bourse" />
+                                            <SelectValue placeholder={t('scholarships.form.select_scholarship')} />
                                         </SelectTrigger>
                                         <SelectContent>
                                             {scholarships.map((scholarship) => (
@@ -300,14 +304,14 @@ export default function Edit({ studentScholarship, students, scholarships, acade
                                 <div className="space-y-2 md:col-span-2">
                                     <Label htmlFor="academic_year_id" className="flex items-center gap-2 text-blue-800">
                                         <Calendar className="h-4 w-4" />
-                                        Année Académique *
+                                        {t('scholarships.form.academic_year')}
                                     </Label>
                                     <Select
                                         value={data.academic_year_id}
                                         onValueChange={(value) => setData('academic_year_id', value)}
                                     >
                                         <SelectTrigger className="bg-white md:w-1/2">
-                                            <SelectValue placeholder="Sélectionnez une année" />
+                                            <SelectValue placeholder={t('scholarships.form.select_year')} />
                                         </SelectTrigger>
                                         <SelectContent>
                                             {academicYears.map((year) => (
@@ -325,14 +329,14 @@ export default function Edit({ studentScholarship, students, scholarships, acade
                                 {/* Scholarship Duration */}
                                 <div className="space-y-2">
                                     <Label htmlFor="number_of_year" className="flex items-center gap-2 text-blue-800">
-                                        Nombre d'années
+                                        {t('scholarships.form.number_of_year')}
                                     </Label>
                                     <Input
                                         type="number"
                                         id="number_of_year"
                                         value={data.number_of_year}
                                         onChange={(e) => setData('number_of_year', e.target.value)}
-                                        placeholder="Ex: 1, 2, 3..."
+                                        placeholder={t('scholarships.form.number_of_year_ph')}
                                         className="bg-white"
                                         min="1"
                                     />
@@ -345,7 +349,7 @@ export default function Edit({ studentScholarship, students, scholarships, acade
                                 <div className="space-y-2">
                                     <Label htmlFor="start_date" className="flex items-center gap-2 text-blue-800">
                                         <Calendar className="h-4 w-4" />
-                                        Date de début
+                                        {t('scholarships.form.start_date')}
                                     </Label>
                                     <Input
                                         type="date"
@@ -363,7 +367,7 @@ export default function Edit({ studentScholarship, students, scholarships, acade
                                 <div className="space-y-2">
                                     <Label htmlFor="end_date" className="flex items-center gap-2 text-blue-800">
                                         <Calendar className="h-4 w-4" />
-                                        Date de fin
+                                        {t('scholarships.form.end_date')}
                                     </Label>
                                     <Input
                                         type="date"
@@ -385,20 +389,20 @@ export default function Edit({ studentScholarship, students, scholarships, acade
                         <CardHeader className="bg-green-100">
                             <CardTitle className="flex items-center gap-2 text-green-900">
                                 <FileText className="h-5 w-5" />
-                                Informations Complémentaires
+                                {t('scholarships.form.extra_info')}
                             </CardTitle>
                         </CardHeader>
                         <CardContent className="pt-6">
                             <div className="space-y-2">
                                 <Label htmlFor="notes" className="flex items-center gap-2 text-green-800">
                                     <FileText className="h-4 w-4" />
-                                    Notes (optionnel)
+                                    {t('scholarships.form.notes')}
                                 </Label>
                                 <Textarea
                                     id="notes"
                                     value={data.notes}
                                     onChange={(e) => setData('notes', e.target.value)}
-                                    placeholder="Ajoutez des notes sur cette attribution..."
+                                    placeholder={t('scholarships.form.notes_ph')}
                                     rows={3}
                                     className="bg-white"
                                 />
@@ -416,7 +420,7 @@ export default function Edit({ studentScholarship, students, scholarships, acade
                             variant="outline"
                             onClick={() => router.visit(route('student-scholarships.show', studentScholarship.id))}
                         >
-                            Annuler
+                            {t('common.actions.cancel')}
                         </Button>
                         <Button
                             type="submit"
@@ -424,7 +428,7 @@ export default function Edit({ studentScholarship, students, scholarships, acade
                             className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700"
                         >
                             <Save className="mr-2 h-4 w-4" />
-                            {processing ? 'Enregistrement...' : 'Enregistrer'}
+                            {processing ? t('scholarships.form.saving') : t('common.actions.save')}
                         </Button>
                     </div>
                 </form>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Eleves/StudentScholarships/Index.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Eleves/StudentScholarships/Index.tsx
index 9aff1591..3adebaa0 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Eleves/StudentScholarships/Index.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Eleves/StudentScholarships/Index.tsx
@@ -24,6 +24,7 @@ import {
     TableRow,
 } from '@/components/ui/table';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Student {
@@ -79,6 +80,8 @@ interface Props {
 }
 
 export default function Index({ studentScholarships, scholarships, academicYears, filters }: Readonly<Props>) {
+    const { t, locale } = useTranslation();
+    const dateLocale = locale === 'en' ? 'en-GB' : 'fr-FR';
     const [deleteDialogOpen, setDeleteDialogOpen] = useState(false);
     const [selectedScholarship, setSelectedScholarship] = useState<StudentScholarship | null>(null);
     const [isDeleting, setIsDeleting] = useState(false);
@@ -158,17 +161,17 @@ export default function Index({ studentScholarships, scholarships, academicYears
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Bourses d'Étudiants" />
-            
+            <Head title={t('scholarships.index.title')} />
+
             <div className="space-y-6">
                 {/* Header avec titre et bouton */}
                 <div className="flex items-start justify-between">
                     <div>
                         <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3"><GraduationCap className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />
-                            Bourses d'élèves
+                            {t('scholarships.index.title')}
                         </h1>
                         <p className="mt-3 text-base text-gray-600">
-                            Gérez les attributions de bourses aux élèves
+                            {t('scholarships.index.subtitle')}
                         </p>
                     </div>
                     <Button
@@ -176,7 +179,7 @@ export default function Index({ studentScholarships, scholarships, academicYears
                         className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700 text-white"
                     >
                         <Plus className="h-4 w-4 mr-2" />
-                        Nouvelle Attribution
+                        {t('scholarships.index.new')}
                     </Button>
                 </div>
 
@@ -187,7 +190,7 @@ export default function Index({ studentScholarships, scholarships, academicYears
                             <Award className="h-6 w-6 text-white" />
                         </div>
                         <div>
-                            <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600">Total des attributions</p>
+                            <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600">{t('scholarships.index.total')}</p>
                             <p className="text-2xl font-bold text-gray-900">{studentScholarships.total}</p>
                         </div>
                     </div>
@@ -199,14 +202,14 @@ export default function Index({ studentScholarships, scholarships, academicYears
                         {/* Recherche */}
                         <div className="lg:col-span-2">
                             <Label htmlFor="search" className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">
-                                Recherche
+                                {t('scholarships.index.search')}
                             </Label>
                             <div className="relative">
                                 <Search className="absolute left-3 top-1/2 -translate-y-1/2 h-5 w-5 text-gray-400" />
                                 <Input
                                     id="search"
                                     type="text"
-                                    placeholder="Rechercher par élève, bourse..."
+                                    placeholder={t('scholarships.index.search_ph')}
                                     value={searchQuery}
                                     onChange={(e) => setSearchQuery(e.target.value)}
                                     onKeyDown={handleKeyPress}
@@ -218,11 +221,11 @@ export default function Index({ studentScholarships, scholarships, academicYears
                         {/* Filtre par bourse */}
                         <div>
                             <Label htmlFor="scholarship-filter" className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">
-                                Bourse
+                                {t('scholarships.index.scholarship')}
                             </Label>
                             <Select value={selectedScholarshipFilter} onValueChange={setSelectedScholarshipFilter}>
                                 <SelectTrigger className="border-gray-300">
-                                    <SelectValue placeholder="Toutes les bourses" />
+                                    <SelectValue placeholder={t('scholarships.index.all_scholarships')} />
                                 </SelectTrigger>
                                 <SelectContent>
                                     {scholarships.map((scholarship) => (
@@ -237,11 +240,11 @@ export default function Index({ studentScholarships, scholarships, academicYears
                         {/* Filtre par année académique */}
                         <div>
                             <Label htmlFor="academic-year-filter" className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">
-                                Année académique
+                                {t('scholarships.index.academic_year')}
                             </Label>
                             <Select value={selectedAcademicYearFilter} onValueChange={setSelectedAcademicYearFilter}>
                                 <SelectTrigger className="border-gray-300">
-                                    <SelectValue placeholder="Toutes les années" />
+                                    <SelectValue placeholder={t('scholarships.index.all_years')} />
                                 </SelectTrigger>
                                 <SelectContent>
                                     {academicYears.map((year) => (
@@ -263,7 +266,7 @@ export default function Index({ studentScholarships, scholarships, academicYears
                                 className="border-gray-300"
                             >
                                 <X className="h-4 w-4 mr-2" />
-                                Effacer les filtres
+                                {t('scholarships.index.clear_filters')}
                             </Button>
                         )}
                         <Button
@@ -271,7 +274,7 @@ export default function Index({ studentScholarships, scholarships, academicYears
                             className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700"
                         >
                             <Search className="h-4 w-4 mr-2" />
-                            Rechercher
+                            {t('common.actions.search')}
                         </Button>
                     </div>
                 </div>
@@ -282,7 +285,7 @@ export default function Index({ studentScholarships, scholarships, academicYears
                         <div className="flex items-center gap-4">
                             <div>
                                 <Label htmlFor="per-page" className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">
-                                    Éléments par page
+                                    {t('scholarships.index.per_page')}
                                 </Label>
                                 <Select value={perPage.toString()} onValueChange={(value) => setPerPage(parseInt(value))}>
                                     <SelectTrigger className="border-gray-300 w-20">
@@ -306,11 +309,11 @@ export default function Index({ studentScholarships, scholarships, academicYears
                         <Table>
                             <TableHeader className="bg-gray-50">
                                 <TableRow className="border-b border-gray-200">
-                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Élève</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Bourse</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Année académique</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Date d'attribution</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900 text-center">Actions</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('scholarships.index.col_student')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('scholarships.index.col_scholarship')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('scholarships.index.col_year')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('scholarships.index.col_date')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900 text-center">{t('scholarships.index.col_actions')}</TableHead>
                                 </TableRow>
                             </TableHeader>
                             <TableBody>
@@ -319,7 +322,7 @@ export default function Index({ studentScholarships, scholarships, academicYears
                                         <TableCell colSpan={5} className="text-center py-12 text-gray-500">
                                             <div className="flex flex-col items-center gap-2">
                                                 <Award className="w-12 h-12 text-gray-300" />
-                                                <p className="text-lg">Aucune attribution de bourse trouvée</p>
+                                                <p className="text-lg">{t('scholarships.index.empty')}</p>
                                             </div>
                                         </TableCell>
                                     </TableRow>
@@ -353,7 +356,7 @@ export default function Index({ studentScholarships, scholarships, academicYears
                                                 </div>
                                             </TableCell>
                                             <TableCell className="text-gray-600">
-                                                {new Date(scholarship.created_at).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR')}
+                                                {new Date(scholarship.created_at).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale)}
                                             </TableCell>
                                             <TableCell className="text-center">
                                                 <div className="flex gap-2 justify-center">
@@ -394,7 +397,7 @@ export default function Index({ studentScholarships, scholarships, academicYears
                     {studentScholarships.last_page > 1 && (
                         <div className="flex items-center justify-between border-t border-gray-100 bg-white px-6 py-4">
                             <div className="text-sm text-gray-600">
-                                Affichage de {studentScholarships.from} à {studentScholarships.to} sur {studentScholarships.total} résultats
+                                {t('scholarships.index.showing', { from: studentScholarships.from, to: studentScholarships.to, total: studentScholarships.total })}
                             </div>
                             <div className="flex gap-2">
                                 <Button
@@ -438,19 +441,19 @@ export default function Index({ studentScholarships, scholarships, academicYears
         <AlertDialog open={deleteDialogOpen} onOpenChange={setDeleteDialogOpen}>
         <AlertDialogContent>
             <AlertDialogHeader>
-                <AlertDialogTitle>Confirmer la suppression</AlertDialogTitle>
+                <AlertDialogTitle>{t('scholarships.index.delete_title')}</AlertDialogTitle>
                 <AlertDialogDescription>
-                    Êtes-vous sûr de vouloir supprimer cette attribution de bourse ? Cette action est irréversible.
+                    {t('scholarships.index.delete_confirm')}
                 </AlertDialogDescription>
             </AlertDialogHeader>
             <div className="flex justify-end gap-3">
-                <AlertDialogCancel disabled={isDeleting}>Annuler</AlertDialogCancel>
+                <AlertDialogCancel disabled={isDeleting}>{t('common.actions.cancel')}</AlertDialogCancel>
                 <AlertDialogAction
                     onClick={confirmDelete}
                     disabled={isDeleting}
                     className="bg-red-600 hover:bg-red-700"
                 >
-                    {isDeleting ? 'Suppression...' : 'Supprimer'}
+                    {isDeleting ? t('scholarships.index.deleting') : t('common.actions.delete')}
                 </AlertDialogAction>
             </div>
         </AlertDialogContent>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Eleves/StudentScholarships/Show.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Eleves/StudentScholarships/Show.tsx
index 77996042..f64d4fd2 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Eleves/StudentScholarships/Show.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Eleves/StudentScholarships/Show.tsx
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import {
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { Card, CardContent, CardHeader, CardTitle } from '@/components/ui/card';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Student {
@@ -60,7 +61,10 @@ interface ShowProps {
 }
 
 export default function Show({ studentScholarship }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
+    const { t, locale } = useTranslation();
+    const dateLocale = locale === 'en' ? 'en-GB' : 'fr-FR';
     const currency = useCurrencySymbol();
+    const studentName = `${studentScholarship.student.firstname} ${studentScholarship.student.lastname}`;
     const [deleteDialogOpen, setDeleteDialogOpen] = useState(false);
 
     const handleDelete = () => {
@@ -74,7 +78,7 @@ export default function Show({ studentScholarship }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title={`Bourse - ${studentScholarship.student.firstname} ${studentScholarship.student.lastname}`} />
+            <Head title={t('scholarships.show.head', { name: studentName })} />
 
             <div className="space-y-6">
                 {/* Header */}
@@ -86,14 +90,14 @@ export default function Show({ studentScholarship }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                             onClick={() => router.visit(route('student-scholarships.index'))}
                         >
                             <ArrowLeft className="mr-2 h-4 w-4" />
-                            Retour
+                            {t('common.actions.back')}
                         </Button>
                         <div>
                             <h1 className="text-2xl font-bold text-gray-900">
-                                Attribution de Bourse
+                                {t('scholarships.show.title')}
                             </h1>
                             <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">
-                                Détails de l'attribution de bourse à {studentScholarship.student.firstname} {studentScholarship.student.lastname}
+                                {t('scholarships.show.subtitle', { name: studentName })}
                             </p>
                         </div>
                     </div>
@@ -103,7 +107,7 @@ export default function Show({ studentScholarship }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                             onClick={() => router.visit(route('student-scholarships.edit', studentScholarship.id))}
                         >
                             <Pencil className="mr-2 h-4 w-4" />
-                            Modifier
+                            {t('common.actions.edit')}
                         </Button>
                         <Button
                             variant="outline"
@@ -111,7 +115,7 @@ export default function Show({ studentScholarship }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                             className="text-red-600 hover:text-red-700"
                         >
                             <Trash2 className="mr-2 h-4 w-4" />
-                            Supprimer
+                            {t('common.actions.delete')}
                         </Button>
                     </div>
                 </div>
@@ -125,43 +129,43 @@ export default function Show({ studentScholarship }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                             <CardHeader className="bg-blue-50">
                                 <CardTitle className="flex items-center gap-2 text-blue-900">
                                     <User className="h-5 w-5" />
-                                    Informations de l'Élève
+                                    {t('scholarships.show.student_info')}
                                 </CardTitle>
                             </CardHeader>
                             <CardContent className="pt-6">
                                 <div className="grid gap-4 md:grid-cols-2">
                                     <div>
-                                        <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-500">Nom complet</label>
+                                        <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-500">{t('scholarships.show.full_name')}</label>
                                         <p className="text-lg font-semibold">
                                             {studentScholarship.student.firstname} {studentScholarship.student.lastname}
                                         </p>
                                     </div>
                                     <div>
-                                        <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-500">Matricule</label>
+                                        <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-500">{t('scholarships.show.matricule')}</label>
                                         <p className="text-lg font-semibold text-blue-600">
                                             {studentScholarship.student.matricule}
                                         </p>
                                     </div>
                                     <div>
-                                        <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-500">Genre</label>
+                                        <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-500">{t('scholarships.show.gender')}</label>
                                         <p className="capitalize">
-                                            {studentScholarship.student.gender === 'male' ? 'Masculin' :
-                                             studentScholarship.student.gender === 'female' ? 'Féminin' : 'Autre'}
+                                            {studentScholarship.student.gender === 'male' ? t('scholarships.show.male') :
+                                             studentScholarship.student.gender === 'female' ? t('scholarships.show.female') : t('scholarships.show.other')}
                                         </p>
                                     </div>
                                     <div>
-                                        <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-500">Date de naissance</label>
-                                        <p>{new Date(studentScholarship.student.birth_date).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR')}</p>
+                                        <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-500">{t('scholarships.show.birth_date')}</label>
+                                        <p>{new Date(studentScholarship.student.birth_date).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale)}</p>
                                     </div>
                                     {studentScholarship.student.email && (
                                         <div>
-                                            <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-500">Email</label>
+                                            <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-500">{t('scholarships.show.email')}</label>
                                             <p>{studentScholarship.student.email}</p>
                                         </div>
                                     )}
                                     {studentScholarship.student.phone && (
                                         <div>
-                                            <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-500">Téléphone</label>
+                                            <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-500">{t('scholarships.show.phone')}</label>
                                             <p>{studentScholarship.student.phone}</p>
                                         </div>
                                     )}
@@ -174,28 +178,28 @@ export default function Show({ studentScholarship }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                             <CardHeader className="bg-green-50">
                                 <CardTitle className="flex items-center gap-2 text-green-900">
                                     <Award className="h-5 w-5" />
-                                    Informations de la Bourse
+                                    {t('scholarships.show.scholarship_info')}
                                 </CardTitle>
                             </CardHeader>
                             <CardContent className="pt-6">
                                 <div className="grid gap-4 md:grid-cols-2">
                                     <div>
-                                        <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-500">Nom de la bourse</label>
+                                        <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-500">{t('scholarships.show.scholarship_name')}</label>
                                         <p className="text-lg font-semibold">{studentScholarship.scholarship.name}</p>
                                     </div>
                                     <div>
-                                        <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-500">Type</label>
+                                        <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-500">{t('scholarships.show.type')}</label>
                                         <p className="capitalize">{studentScholarship.scholarship.type}</p>
                                     </div>
                                     <div>
-                                        <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-500">Valeur maximale</label>
+                                        <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-500">{t('scholarships.show.max_value')}</label>
                                         <p className="text-lg font-semibold text-green-600">
                                             {studentScholarship.scholarship.value.toLocaleString()} {currency}
                                         </p>
                                     </div>
                                     {studentScholarship.scholarship.description && (
                                         <div className="md:col-span-2">
-                                            <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-500">Description</label>
+                                            <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-500">{t('scholarships.show.description')}</label>
                                             <p className="mt-1">{studentScholarship.scholarship.description}</p>
                                         </div>
                                     )}
@@ -209,7 +213,7 @@ export default function Show({ studentScholarship }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                                 <CardHeader className="bg-gray-50">
                                     <CardTitle className="flex items-center gap-2 text-gray-900">
                                         <FileText className="h-5 w-5" />
-                                        Notes
+                                        {t('scholarships.show.notes')}
                                     </CardTitle>
                                 </CardHeader>
                                 <CardContent className="pt-6">
@@ -226,20 +230,20 @@ export default function Show({ studentScholarship }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                             <CardHeader className="bg-purple-50">
                                 <CardTitle className="flex items-center gap-2 text-purple-900">
                                     <Calendar className="h-5 w-5" />
-                                    Année Académique
+                                    {t('scholarships.show.academic_year')}
                                 </CardTitle>
                             </CardHeader>
                             <CardContent className="pt-6">
                                 <div className="space-y-3">
                                     <div>
-                                        <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-500">Année</label>
+                                        <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-500">{t('scholarships.show.year')}</label>
                                         <p className="text-lg font-semibold">{studentScholarship.academic_year.year}</p>
                                     </div>
                                     <div>
-                                        <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-500">Période</label>
+                                        <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-500">{t('scholarships.show.period')}</label>
                                         <p>
-                                            {new Date(studentScholarship.academic_year.start_date).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR')} - {' '}
-                                            {new Date(studentScholarship.academic_year.end_date).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR')}
+                                            {new Date(studentScholarship.academic_year.start_date).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale)} - {' '}
+                                            {new Date(studentScholarship.academic_year.end_date).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale)}
                                         </p>
                                     </div>
                                 </div>
@@ -251,35 +255,35 @@ export default function Show({ studentScholarship }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                             <CardHeader className="bg-orange-50">
                                 <CardTitle className="flex items-center gap-2 text-orange-900">
                                     <Clock className="h-5 w-5" />
-                                    Détails de l'Attribution
+                                    {t('scholarships.show.details')}
                                 </CardTitle>
                             </CardHeader>
                             <CardContent className="pt-6">
                                 <div className="space-y-3">
                                     <div>
-                                        <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-500">Date d'attribution</label>
-                                        <p>{new Date(studentScholarship.created_at).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR')}</p>
+                                        <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-500">{t('scholarships.show.award_date')}</label>
+                                        <p>{new Date(studentScholarship.created_at).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale)}</p>
                                     </div>
                                     <div>
-                                        <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-500">Dernière modification</label>
-                                        <p>{new Date(studentScholarship.updated_at).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR')}</p>
+                                        <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-500">{t('scholarships.show.last_modified')}</label>
+                                        <p>{new Date(studentScholarship.updated_at).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale)}</p>
                                     </div>
                                     {studentScholarship.number_of_year && (
                                         <div>
-                                            <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-500">Nombre d'années</label>
+                                            <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-500">{t('scholarships.show.number_of_year')}</label>
                                             <p className="text-lg font-semibold">{studentScholarship.number_of_year}</p>
                                         </div>
                                     )}
                                     {studentScholarship.start_date && (
                                         <div>
-                                            <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-500">Date de début</label>
-                                            <p>{new Date(studentScholarship.start_date).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR')}</p>
+                                            <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-500">{t('scholarships.show.start_date')}</label>
+                                            <p>{new Date(studentScholarship.start_date).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale)}</p>
                                         </div>
                                     )}
                                     {studentScholarship.end_date && (
                                         <div>
-                                            <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-500">Date de fin</label>
-                                            <p>{new Date(studentScholarship.end_date).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR')}</p>
+                                            <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-500">{t('scholarships.show.end_date')}</label>
+                                            <p>{new Date(studentScholarship.end_date).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale)}</p>
                                         </div>
                                     )}
                                 </div>
@@ -293,19 +297,18 @@ export default function Show({ studentScholarship }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
             <AlertDialog open={deleteDialogOpen} onOpenChange={setDeleteDialogOpen}>
                 <AlertDialogContent>
                     <AlertDialogHeader>
-                        <AlertDialogTitle>Confirmer la suppression</AlertDialogTitle>
+                        <AlertDialogTitle>{t('scholarships.index.delete_title')}</AlertDialogTitle>
                         <AlertDialogDescription>
-                            Êtes-vous sûr de vouloir supprimer cette attribution de bourse ?
-                            Cette action est irréversible.
+                            {t('scholarships.index.delete_confirm')}
                         </AlertDialogDescription>
                     </AlertDialogHeader>
                     <div className="flex justify-end gap-3">
-                        <AlertDialogCancel>Annuler</AlertDialogCancel>
+                        <AlertDialogCancel>{t('common.actions.cancel')}</AlertDialogCancel>
                         <AlertDialogAction
                             onClick={confirmDelete}
                             className="bg-red-600 hover:bg-red-700"
                         >
-                            Supprimer
+                            {t('common.actions.delete')}
                         </AlertDialogAction>
                     </div>
                 </AlertDialogContent>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Students/Create.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Students/Create.tsx
index 80440b10..58d62508 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Students/Create.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Students/Create.tsx
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import { ArrowLeft } from 'lucide-react';
 import { useState } from 'react';
 import { StudentFormSteps, type StudentFormPayload } from '@/components/students/student-form-steps';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 const defaultValues: StudentFormPayload = {
@@ -48,6 +49,7 @@ const defaultValues: StudentFormPayload = {
 };
 
 export default function Create() {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const [errors, setErrors] = useState<Record<string, string>>({});
     const [isSubmitting, setIsSubmitting] = useState(false);
 
@@ -70,7 +72,7 @@ export default function Create() {
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Nouvel élève" />
+            <Head title={t('students.new')} />
 
             <div className="space-y-6 w-full">
                 <div className="flex items-center gap-4">
@@ -82,8 +84,8 @@ export default function Create() {
                         <ArrowLeft className="w-5 h-5 text-gray-600" />
                     </button>
                     <div>
-                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900">Ajouter un élève</h1>
-                        <p className="mt-2 text-gray-600">Suivez les étapes pour ajouter un nouvel élève.</p>
+                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900">{t('students.form.create_title')}</h1>
+                        <p className="mt-2 text-gray-600">{t('students.form.create_subtitle')}</p>
                     </div>
                 </div>
 
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Students/Edit.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Students/Edit.tsx
index be6a7933..f53bf2f8 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Students/Edit.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Students/Edit.tsx
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import { ArrowLeft } from 'lucide-react';
 import { useMemo, useState } from 'react';
 import { StudentFormSteps, type StudentFormPayload } from '@/components/students/student-form-steps';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Student {
@@ -58,6 +59,7 @@ const normalizeDate = (value?: string | null): string => {
 };
 
 export default function Edit({ student }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const [errors, setErrors] = useState<Record<string, string>>({});
     const [isSubmitting, setIsSubmitting] = useState(false);
 
@@ -122,7 +124,7 @@ export default function Edit({ student }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Modifier élève" />
+            <Head title={t('students.form.edit_head')} />
 
             <div className="space-y-6 w-full">
                 <div className="flex items-center gap-4">
@@ -134,8 +136,8 @@ export default function Edit({ student }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
                         <ArrowLeft className="w-5 h-5 text-gray-600" />
                     </button>
                     <div>
-                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900">Modifier un élève</h1>
-                        <p className="mt-2 text-gray-600">Mettez à jour les informations via le même formulaire par étapes.</p>
+                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900">{t('students.form.edit_title')}</h1>
+                        <p className="mt-2 text-gray-600">{t('students.form.edit_subtitle')}</p>
                     </div>
                 </div>
 
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Students/History.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Students/History.tsx
index 6eb5fc95..fed6c252 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Students/History.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Students/History.tsx
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ import {
     TableRow,
 } from '@/components/ui/table';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface StudentSummary {
@@ -55,19 +56,12 @@ interface HistoryProps {
     enrollments: EnrollmentHistoryItem[];
 }
 
-function formatDate(value?: string | null): string {
+function formatDate(value: string | null | undefined, loc: string): string {
     if (!value) {
         return '—';
     }
 
-    return new Date(value).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR');
-}
-
-function getStatusLabel(status?: string | null): string {
-    if (!status) return '—';
-    return ({
-        PAID: 'Payé', PARTIALLY_PAID: 'Partiel', ISSUED: 'Impayé', NONE: 'Sans facture',
-    } as Record<string, string>)[status] ?? status;
+    return new Date(value).toLocaleDateString(loc);
 }
 
 function getStatusClass(status?: string | null): string {
@@ -78,12 +72,18 @@ function getStatusClass(status?: string | null): string {
 }
 
 export default function HistoryPage({ student, enrollments }: Readonly<HistoryProps>) {
+    const { t, locale } = useTranslation();
+    const dateLocale = locale === 'en' ? 'en-GB' : 'fr-FR';
+    const getStatusLabel = (status?: string | null): string => {
+        if (!status) return '—';
+        return t(`students.history.pay.${status}`);
+    };
     const firstEnrollment = enrollments.at(-1);
     const latestEnrollment = enrollments[0];
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Historique des inscriptions" />
+            <Head title={t('students.history.title')} />
 
             <div className="space-y-6">
                 <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
@@ -96,7 +96,7 @@ export default function HistoryPage({ student, enrollments }: Readonly<HistoryPr
                             <ArrowLeft className="w-5 h-5 text-gray-600" />
                         </button>
                         <div>
-                            <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900">Historique des inscriptions</h1>
+                            <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900">{t('students.history.title')}</h1>
                             <p className="mt-2 text-gray-600">
                                 {student.firstname} {student.lastname}
                                 {student.matricule ? ` (${student.matricule})` : ''}
@@ -109,13 +109,13 @@ export default function HistoryPage({ student, enrollments }: Readonly<HistoryPr
                         className="gap-2 border-gray-300 text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-50"
                     >
                         <History className="w-4 h-4" />
-                        Voir le profil élève
+                        {t('students.history.view_profile')}
                     </Button>
                 </div>
 
                 <div className="rounded-xl border border-sky-200 bg-sky-50 p-4 shadow-sm flex items-center justify-between gap-4">
                     <div>
-                        <p className="text-xs uppercase tracking-wide text-sky-700 font-semibold">Parcours scolaire</p>
+                        <p className="text-xs uppercase tracking-wide text-sky-700 font-semibold">{t('students.history.journey')}</p>
                         <p className="mt-1 text-lg font-bold text-sky-900 inline-flex items-center gap-2">
                             <UserCircle2 className="w-5 h-5" />
                             {student.firstname} {student.lastname}
@@ -123,21 +123,21 @@ export default function HistoryPage({ student, enrollments }: Readonly<HistoryPr
                     </div>
                     <div className="inline-flex items-center gap-2 rounded-full bg-white border border-sky-200 px-3 py-1 text-sm font-semibold text-sky-800">
                         <BadgeCheck className="w-4 h-4" />
-                        {enrollments.length} inscription(s)
+                        {t('students.history.count', { count: enrollments.length })}
                     </div>
                 </div>
 
                 <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-3 gap-4">
                     <div className="rounded-xl border border-blue-200 bg-blue-50 p-4 shadow-sm">
-                        <p className="text-sm text-blue-700 inline-flex items-center gap-1.5"><History className="w-4 h-4" />Total inscriptions</p>
+                        <p className="text-sm text-blue-700 inline-flex items-center gap-1.5"><History className="w-4 h-4" />{t('students.history.total')}</p>
                         <p className="text-2xl font-bold text-blue-900 mt-1">{enrollments.length}</p>
                     </div>
                     <div className="rounded-xl border border-emerald-200 bg-emerald-50 p-4 shadow-sm">
-                        <p className="text-sm text-emerald-700 inline-flex items-center gap-1.5"><GraduationCap className="w-4 h-4" />Première classe</p>
+                        <p className="text-sm text-emerald-700 inline-flex items-center gap-1.5"><GraduationCap className="w-4 h-4" />{t('students.history.first_class')}</p>
                         <p className="text-lg font-semibold text-emerald-900 mt-1">{firstEnrollment?.classroom?.name ?? '—'}</p>
                     </div>
                     <div className="rounded-xl border border-amber-200 bg-amber-50 p-4 shadow-sm">
-                        <p className="text-sm text-amber-700 inline-flex items-center gap-1.5"><School className="w-4 h-4" />Classe actuelle</p>
+                        <p className="text-sm text-amber-700 inline-flex items-center gap-1.5"><School className="w-4 h-4" />{t('students.history.current_class')}</p>
                         <p className="text-lg font-semibold text-amber-900 mt-1">{latestEnrollment?.classroom?.name ?? '—'}</p>
                     </div>
                 </div>
@@ -145,19 +145,19 @@ export default function HistoryPage({ student, enrollments }: Readonly<HistoryPr
                 <div className="rounded-xl border border-indigo-100 bg-linear-to-br from-indigo-50 to-white shadow-sm overflow-hidden">
                     <div className="px-4 py-3 border-b border-indigo-100 flex items-center gap-2 text-indigo-800 bg-indigo-50">
                         <School className="w-4 h-4" />
-                        <span className="font-semibold">Parcours par classe et année scolaire</span>
+                        <span className="font-semibold">{t('students.history.by_class_year')}</span>
                     </div>
 
                     <div className="overflow-x-auto">
                         <Table>
                             <TableHeader className="bg-indigo-50/60">
                                 <TableRow className="border-b border-gray-200">
-                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Classe</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Année scolaire</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Date d'inscription</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Code inscription</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Paiement</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Scolarité</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('students.history.col_class')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('students.history.col_year')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('students.history.col_date')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('students.history.col_code')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('students.history.col_payment')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('students.history.col_schooling')}</TableHead>
                                 </TableRow>
                             </TableHeader>
                             <TableBody>
@@ -166,7 +166,7 @@ export default function HistoryPage({ student, enrollments }: Readonly<HistoryPr
                                         <TableCell colSpan={6} className="text-center py-12 text-gray-500">
                                             <div className="flex flex-col items-center gap-2">
                                                 <CalendarDays className="w-10 h-10 text-gray-300" />
-                                                <p>Aucune inscription trouvée pour cet élève.</p>
+                                                <p>{t('students.history.empty')}</p>
                                             </div>
                                         </TableCell>
                                     </TableRow>
@@ -180,7 +180,7 @@ export default function HistoryPage({ student, enrollments }: Readonly<HistoryPr
                                                 ) : null}
                                             </TableCell>
                                             <TableCell className="text-gray-700">{enrollment.academic_year ?? '—'}</TableCell>
-                                            <TableCell className="text-gray-700">{formatDate(enrollment.enrollment_date)}</TableCell>
+                                            <TableCell className="text-gray-700">{formatDate(enrollment.enrollment_date, dateLocale)}</TableCell>
                                             <TableCell className="text-gray-700">{enrollment.enrollment_code ?? '—'}</TableCell>
                                             <TableCell>
                                                 <span className={`px-2 py-1 rounded text-xs font-medium ${getStatusClass(enrollment.status)}`}>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Students/Import.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Students/Import.tsx
index c9524a3f..264db85e 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Students/Import.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Students/Import.tsx
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import { AlertTriangle, ArrowLeft, CheckCircle2, Download, FileSpreadsheet, Uplo
 import { useRef, useState } from 'react';
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface RowError { line: number; name: string; errors: string[]; }
@@ -13,6 +14,7 @@ interface Props {
 }
 
 export default function Import({ result }: Readonly<Props>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const fileRef = useRef<HTMLInputElement>(null);
     const [fileName, setFileName] = useState('');
     const [uploading, setUploading] = useState(false);
@@ -31,7 +33,7 @@ export default function Import({ result }: Readonly<Props>) {
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Importer des élèves" />
+            <Head title={t('students.import_page.title')} />
             <div className="w-full space-y-6">
 
                 <div className="flex items-center gap-4">
@@ -39,8 +41,8 @@ export default function Import({ result }: Readonly<Props>) {
                         <ArrowLeft className="w-5 h-5 text-gray-600" />
                     </button>
                     <div>
-                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900">Importer des élèves</h1>
-                        <p className="mt-2 text-gray-500">Import en masse depuis un fichier CSV (idéal en début d'année).</p>
+                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900">{t('students.import_page.title')}</h1>
+                        <p className="mt-2 text-gray-500">{t('students.import_page.subtitle')}</p>
                     </div>
                 </div>
 
@@ -50,14 +52,14 @@ export default function Import({ result }: Readonly<Props>) {
                     <div className="bg-white rounded-2xl ring-1 ring-gray-100 shadow-sm p-6">
                         <div className="flex items-center gap-3 mb-3">
                             <div className="w-9 h-9 rounded-full bg-blue-100 flex items-center justify-center text-blue-600 font-bold">1</div>
-                            <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">Télécharger le modèle</h2>
+                            <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('students.import_page.step1')}</h2>
                         </div>
                         <p className="text-sm text-gray-500 mb-4">
-                            Utilisez le modèle CSV. Colonnes : <code className="bg-gray-100 px-1 rounded text-xs">prenom, nom, sexe, date_naissance, lieu_naissance, nationalite, telephone, email, matricule</code>.
-                            Les colonnes <strong>prénom, nom, sexe (M/F), date de naissance (AAAA-MM-JJ)</strong> sont obligatoires. Le matricule est généré si laissé vide.
+                            {t('students.import_page.tmpl_intro')} <code className="bg-gray-100 px-1 rounded text-xs">prenom, nom, sexe, date_naissance, lieu_naissance, nationalite, telephone, email, matricule</code>.
+                            {' '}{t('students.import_page.tmpl_required_prefix')} <strong>{t('students.import_page.tmpl_required_cols')}</strong> {t('students.import_page.tmpl_required_suffix')}
                         </p>
                         <Button variant="outline" className="gap-2" onClick={() => window.open(route('students.import.template'), '_blank')}>
-                            <Download className="w-4 h-4" /> Télécharger le modèle CSV
+                            <Download className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('students.import_page.download_template')}
                         </Button>
                     </div>
 
@@ -65,7 +67,7 @@ export default function Import({ result }: Readonly<Props>) {
                     <div className="bg-white rounded-2xl ring-1 ring-gray-100 shadow-sm p-6">
                         <div className="flex items-center gap-3 mb-3">
                             <div className="w-9 h-9 rounded-full bg-blue-100 flex items-center justify-center text-blue-600 font-bold">2</div>
-                            <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">Importer le fichier</h2>
+                            <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('students.import_page.step2')}</h2>
                         </div>
                         <input ref={fileRef} type="file" accept=".csv,text/csv" className="hidden" onChange={onFile} />
                         <button
@@ -75,7 +77,7 @@ export default function Import({ result }: Readonly<Props>) {
                             className="w-full rounded-xl ring-2 ring-dashed ring-gray-200 hover:ring-blue-300 hover:bg-blue-50/40 transition p-8 text-center"
                         >
                             <FileSpreadsheet className="w-10 h-10 mx-auto mb-2 text-gray-300" />
-                            <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{uploading ? 'Import en cours…' : 'Cliquez pour choisir un fichier CSV'}</p>
+                            <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{uploading ? t('students.import_page.importing') : t('students.import_page.choose_file')}</p>
                             {fileName && !uploading && <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 mt-1">{fileName}</p>}
                         </button>
                     </div>
@@ -86,15 +88,15 @@ export default function Import({ result }: Readonly<Props>) {
                     <div className="space-y-4">
                         <div className="grid grid-cols-3 gap-4">
                             <div className="bg-gray-50 ring-1 ring-gray-100 rounded-2xl p-5">
-                                <p className="text-xs font-medium text-gray-500">Lignes lues</p>
+                                <p className="text-xs font-medium text-gray-500">{t('students.import_page.rows_read')}</p>
                                 <p className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-700 mt-1">{result.total}</p>
                             </div>
                             <div className="bg-emerald-50 ring-1 ring-emerald-100 rounded-2xl p-5">
-                                <p className="text-xs font-medium text-emerald-600">Importés</p>
+                                <p className="text-xs font-medium text-emerald-600">{t('students.import_page.imported')}</p>
                                 <p className="text-3xl font-bold text-emerald-600 mt-1 inline-flex items-center gap-2"><CheckCircle2 className="w-6 h-6" />{result.imported}</p>
                             </div>
                             <div className="bg-amber-50 ring-1 ring-amber-100 rounded-2xl p-5">
-                                <p className="text-xs font-medium text-amber-600">Lignes en erreur</p>
+                                <p className="text-xs font-medium text-amber-600">{t('students.import_page.rows_error')}</p>
                                 <p className="text-3xl font-bold text-amber-600 mt-1">{result.failed}</p>
                             </div>
                         </div>
@@ -102,8 +104,8 @@ export default function Import({ result }: Readonly<Props>) {
                         {result.imported > 0 && (
                             <div className="flex items-center gap-3 bg-emerald-50 ring-1 ring-emerald-100 rounded-2xl px-5 py-3">
                                 <CheckCircle2 className="w-5 h-5 text-emerald-600" />
-                                <p className="text-sm text-emerald-800 font-medium">{result.imported} élève(s) importé(s) avec succès.</p>
-                                <Button size="sm" variant="outline" className="ml-auto" onClick={() => router.get(route('students.index'))}>Voir la liste</Button>
+                                <p className="text-sm text-emerald-800 font-medium">{t('students.import_page.success', { count: result.imported })}</p>
+                                <Button size="sm" variant="outline" className="ml-auto" onClick={() => router.get(route('students.index'))}>{t('students.import_page.view_list')}</Button>
                             </div>
                         )}
 
@@ -111,14 +113,14 @@ export default function Import({ result }: Readonly<Props>) {
                             <div className="bg-white rounded-2xl ring-1 ring-amber-100 shadow-sm overflow-hidden">
                                 <div className="px-5 py-3 bg-amber-50 border-b border-amber-100 flex items-center gap-2">
                                     <AlertTriangle className="w-4 h-4 text-amber-600" />
-                                    <span className="text-sm font-semibold text-amber-800">Lignes non importées — corrigez puis réimportez</span>
+                                    <span className="text-sm font-semibold text-amber-800">{t('students.import_page.not_imported')}</span>
                                 </div>
                                 <div className="divide-y divide-gray-50">
                                     {result.errors.map((e) => (
                                         <div key={e.line} className="flex items-start gap-3 px-5 py-3">
                                             <span className="text-xs font-mono bg-gray-100 text-gray-500 rounded px-2 py-0.5 shrink-0">L.{e.line}</span>
                                             <div>
-                                                <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-900">{e.name || '(sans nom)'}</p>
+                                                <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-900">{e.name || t('students.import_page.no_name')}</p>
                                                 <p className="text-xs text-red-500">{e.errors.join(' · ')}</p>
                                             </div>
                                         </div>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Students/Index.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Students/Index.tsx
index 1ec12eca..a9fd75e0 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Students/Index.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Students/Index.tsx
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ import {
     TableRow,
 } from '@/components/ui/table';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Student {
@@ -101,42 +102,38 @@ interface Filters {
     direction?: string;
 }
 
-const SORT_OPTIONS: { value: string; label: string }[] = [
-    { value: 'created_at', label: 'Date d\'ajout' },
-    { value: 'lastname', label: 'Nom' },
-    { value: 'firstname', label: 'Prénom' },
-    { value: 'matricule', label: 'Matricule' },
-    { value: 'birth_date', label: 'Date de naissance' },
-];
+const SORT_VALUES = ['created_at', 'lastname', 'firstname', 'matricule', 'birth_date'] as const;
 
-function renderGenderBadge(gender?: 'male' | 'female' | '' | null) {
-    if (gender === 'male') {
-        return (
-            <span className="inline-flex items-center gap-1.5 px-2.5 py-1 rounded-full text-xs font-semibold bg-blue-100 text-blue-700">
-                <Mars className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />
-                Masculin
-            </span>
-        );
-    }
+export default function Index({ students, perPage, stats, filters, options }: Readonly<IndexProps>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
+
+    const renderGenderBadge = (gender?: 'male' | 'female' | '' | null) => {
+        if (gender === 'male') {
+            return (
+                <span className="inline-flex items-center gap-1.5 px-2.5 py-1 rounded-full text-xs font-semibold bg-blue-100 text-blue-700">
+                    <Mars className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />
+                    {t('students.gender.male')}
+                </span>
+            );
+        }
+
+        if (gender === 'female') {
+            return (
+                <span className="inline-flex items-center gap-1.5 px-2.5 py-1 rounded-full text-xs font-semibold bg-pink-100 text-pink-700">
+                    <Venus className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />
+                    {t('students.gender.female')}
+                </span>
+            );
+        }
 
-    if (gender === 'female') {
         return (
-            <span className="inline-flex items-center gap-1.5 px-2.5 py-1 rounded-full text-xs font-semibold bg-pink-100 text-pink-700">
-                <Venus className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />
-                Féminin
+            <span className="inline-flex items-center gap-1.5 px-2.5 py-1 rounded-full text-xs font-semibold bg-gray-100 text-gray-600">
+                <CircleHelp className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />
+                {t('students.gender.unknown')}
             </span>
         );
-    }
-
-    return (
-        <span className="inline-flex items-center gap-1.5 px-2.5 py-1 rounded-full text-xs font-semibold bg-gray-100 text-gray-600">
-            <CircleHelp className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />
-            Non renseigné
-        </span>
-    );
-}
+    };
 
-export default function Index({ students, perPage, stats, filters, options }: Readonly<IndexProps>) {
     const [deleteConfirm, setDeleteConfirm] = useState<string | null>(null);
     const [isDeleting, setIsDeleting] = useState(false);
     const [selectedStudentIds, setSelectedStudentIds] = useState<string[]>([]);
@@ -270,28 +267,28 @@ export default function Index({ students, perPage, stats, filters, options }: Re
 
     const statsCards = [
         {
-            title: 'Total élèves',
+            title: t('students.stats.total'),
             value: stats.total,
             icon: Users,
             bgColor: 'bg-blue-50',
             textColor: 'text-blue-600',
         },
         {
-            title: 'Élèves actifs',
+            title: t('students.stats.active'),
             value: stats.active,
             icon: UserCheck,
             bgColor: 'bg-green-50',
             textColor: 'text-green-600',
         },
         {
-            title: 'Élèves hommes',
+            title: t('students.stats.male'),
             value: stats.male,
             icon: Mars,
             bgColor: 'bg-sky-50',
             textColor: 'text-sky-600',
         },
         {
-            title: 'Élèves femmes',
+            title: t('students.stats.female'),
             value: stats.female,
             icon: Venus,
             bgColor: 'bg-pink-50',
@@ -301,13 +298,13 @@ export default function Index({ students, perPage, stats, filters, options }: Re
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Élèves" />
+            <Head title={t('students.title')} />
 
             <div className="space-y-6">
                 <div className="flex items-start justify-between">
                     <div>
-                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3"><Users className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />Élèves</h1>
-                        <p className="mt-2 text-lg text-gray-600">Gérez les profils élèves de votre établissement</p>
+                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3"><Users className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />{t('students.title')}</h1>
+                        <p className="mt-2 text-lg text-gray-600">{t('students.subtitle')}</p>
                     </div>
                     <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
                         <Button
@@ -316,14 +313,14 @@ export default function Index({ students, perPage, stats, filters, options }: Re
                             className="gap-2"
                         >
                             <Upload className="w-4 h-4" />
-                            Importer
+                            {t('students.import')}
                         </Button>
                         <Button
                             onClick={() => router.get(route('students.create'))}
                             className="gap-2 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700"
                         >
                             <Plus className="w-5 h-5" />
-                            Nouvel élève
+                            {t('students.new')}
                         </Button>
                     </div>
                 </div>
@@ -348,19 +345,19 @@ export default function Index({ students, perPage, stats, filters, options }: Re
 
                 {selectedStudentIds.length > 0 && (
                     <div className="bg-blue-50 text-blue-800 px-4 py-3 rounded-xl flex items-center justify-between gap-4 shadow-sm ring-1 ring-blue-100">
-                        <span className="text-sm font-medium">{selectedStudentIds.length} élève(s) sélectionné(s)</span>
+                        <span className="text-sm font-medium">{t('students.bulk.selected', { count: selectedStudentIds.length })}</span>
                         <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
                             <select
                                 value={bulkAction}
                                 onChange={(event) => setBulkAction(event.target.value)}
                                 className="h-10 rounded-md border border-blue-200 bg-white px-3 text-sm text-gray-700 focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-blue-500"
                             >
-                                <option value="">Choisir une action</option>
-                                <option value="activate">Activer</option>
-                                <option value="deactivate">Désactiver</option>
+                                <option value="">{t('students.bulk.choose')}</option>
+                                <option value="activate">{t('students.bulk.activate')}</option>
+                                <option value="deactivate">{t('students.bulk.deactivate')}</option>
                             </select>
                             <Button onClick={handleBulkAction} disabled={!bulkAction} className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700 text-white">
-                                Appliquer
+                                {t('students.bulk.apply')}
                             </Button>
                         </div>
                     </div>
@@ -373,7 +370,7 @@ export default function Index({ students, perPage, stats, filters, options }: Re
                             <Search className="absolute left-3 top-3 w-5 h-5 text-gray-400" />
                             <Input
                                 type="text"
-                                placeholder="Rechercher (nom, matricule, e-mail)..."
+                                placeholder={t('students.search.placeholder')}
                                 value={searchQuery}
                                 onChange={(event) => setSearchQuery(event.target.value)}
                                 onKeyDown={(event) => event.key === 'Enter' && handleSearch()}
@@ -382,7 +379,7 @@ export default function Index({ students, perPage, stats, filters, options }: Re
                         </div>
                         <Input
                             type="text"
-                            placeholder="Nationalité"
+                            placeholder={t('students.search.nationality')}
                             value={nationalityFilter}
                             onChange={(event) => setNationalityFilter(event.target.value)}
                             onKeyDown={(event) => event.key === 'Enter' && handleSearch()}
@@ -390,7 +387,7 @@ export default function Index({ students, perPage, stats, filters, options }: Re
                         />
                         <Button onClick={handleSearch} className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700 text-white gap-2">
                             <Search className="w-4 h-4" />
-                            Rechercher
+                            {t('common.actions.search')}
                         </Button>
                         <Button
                             variant="outline"
@@ -399,7 +396,7 @@ export default function Index({ students, perPage, stats, filters, options }: Re
                             className="border-gray-300 text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-50 gap-2"
                         >
                             <SlidersHorizontal className="w-4 h-4" />
-                            Filtres
+                            {t('students.search.filters')}
                             {advancedFilterCount > 0 && (
                                 <span className="ml-0.5 inline-flex h-5 min-w-5 items-center justify-center rounded-full bg-blue-600 px-1.5 text-xs font-semibold text-white">
                                     {advancedFilterCount}
@@ -414,7 +411,7 @@ export default function Index({ students, perPage, stats, filters, options }: Re
                                 className="border-gray-300 text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-50 gap-2"
                             >
                                 <X className="w-4 h-4" />
-                                Réinitialiser ({activeFilterCount})
+                                {t('students.search.reset_count', { count: activeFilterCount })}
                             </Button>
                         )}
                     </div>
@@ -427,7 +424,7 @@ export default function Index({ students, perPage, stats, filters, options }: Re
                             onChange={(e) => go({ class_id: e.target.value })}
                             className={FILTER_CLS}
                         >
-                            <option value="">Toutes les classes</option>
+                            <option value="">{t('students.filter.all_classes')}</option>
                             {options.classrooms.map((c) => <option key={c.id} value={c.id}>{c.name}</option>)}
                         </select>
                         <select
@@ -435,7 +432,7 @@ export default function Index({ students, perPage, stats, filters, options }: Re
                             onChange={(e) => go({ academic_year_id: e.target.value })}
                             className={FILTER_CLS}
                         >
-                            <option value="">Toutes les années</option>
+                            <option value="">{t('students.filter.all_years')}</option>
                             {options.academicYears.map((y) => <option key={y.id} value={y.id}>{y.year}</option>)}
                         </select>
                         <select
@@ -443,46 +440,46 @@ export default function Index({ students, perPage, stats, filters, options }: Re
                             onChange={(e) => go({ academic_status: e.target.value })}
                             className={FILTER_CLS}
                         >
-                            <option value="">Scolarité (tous)</option>
+                            <option value="">{t('students.filter.schooling_all')}</option>
                             {Object.entries(options.academicStatuses).map(([v, l]) => <option key={v} value={v}>{l}</option>)}
                         </select>
                         <select value={filters?.gender ?? ''} onChange={(e) => go({ gender: e.target.value })} className={FILTER_CLS}>
-                            <option value="">Sexe</option>
-                            <option value="male">Masculin</option>
-                            <option value="female">Féminin</option>
+                            <option value="">{t('students.filter.gender')}</option>
+                            <option value="male">{t('students.gender.male')}</option>
+                            <option value="female">{t('students.gender.female')}</option>
                         </select>
                         <select value={filters?.status ?? ''} onChange={(e) => go({ status: e.target.value })} className={FILTER_CLS}>
-                            <option value="">Statut</option>
-                            <option value="active">Actif</option>
-                            <option value="inactive">Inactif</option>
+                            <option value="">{t('students.filter.status')}</option>
+                            <option value="active">{t('students.filter.active')}</option>
+                            <option value="inactive">{t('students.filter.inactive')}</option>
                         </select>
                         {options.regions.length > 0 && (
                             <select value={filters?.region ?? ''} onChange={(e) => go({ region: e.target.value })} className={FILTER_CLS}>
-                                <option value="">Région</option>
+                                <option value="">{t('students.filter.region')}</option>
                                 {options.regions.map((r) => <option key={r} value={r}>{r}</option>)}
                             </select>
                         )}
                         {options.prefectures.length > 0 && (
                             <select value={filters?.prefecture ?? ''} onChange={(e) => go({ prefecture: e.target.value })} className={FILTER_CLS}>
-                                <option value="">Préfecture</option>
+                                <option value="">{t('students.filter.prefecture')}</option>
                                 {options.prefectures.map((p) => <option key={p} value={p}>{p}</option>)}
                             </select>
                         )}
 
                         {/* Tri */}
                         <div className="ml-auto flex items-center gap-2">
-                            <span className="text-sm text-gray-500">Trier :</span>
+                            <span className="text-sm text-gray-500">{t('students.sort.label')}</span>
                             <select value={filters?.sort ?? 'created_at'} onChange={(e) => go({ sort: e.target.value })} className={FILTER_CLS}>
-                                {SORT_OPTIONS.map((s) => <option key={s.value} value={s.value}>{s.label}</option>)}
+                                {SORT_VALUES.map((v) => <option key={v} value={v}>{t(`students.sort.${v}`)}</option>)}
                             </select>
                             <Button
                                 variant="outline"
                                 className="h-10 border-gray-300 gap-1.5"
                                 onClick={() => go({ direction: filters?.direction === 'asc' ? 'desc' : 'asc' })}
-                                title={filters?.direction === 'asc' ? 'Croissant' : 'Décroissant'}
+                                title={filters?.direction === 'asc' ? t('students.sort.asc') : t('students.sort.desc')}
                             >
                                 <ArrowUpDown className="w-4 h-4" />
-                                {filters?.direction === 'asc' ? 'Croissant' : 'Décroissant'}
+                                {filters?.direction === 'asc' ? t('students.sort.asc') : t('students.sort.desc')}
                             </Button>
                         </div>
                     </div>
@@ -493,10 +490,10 @@ export default function Index({ students, perPage, stats, filters, options }: Re
                     {/* Table header: count + per-page selector */}
                     <div className="flex items-center justify-between px-4 py-3 border-b border-gray-100">
                         <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">
-                            <span className="font-semibold">{students.total}</span> élève(s)
+                            <span className="font-semibold">{students.total}</span> {t('students.table.unit')}
                         </p>
                         <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-sm text-gray-600">
-                            <span>Lignes par page :</span>
+                            <span>{t('students.table.per_page')}</span>
                             <select
                                 value={perPage}
                                 onChange={(e) => changePerPage(Number(e.target.value))}
@@ -516,16 +513,16 @@ export default function Index({ students, perPage, stats, filters, options }: Re
                                         <Checkbox
                                             checked={allVisibleSelected}
                                             onCheckedChange={(checked) => toggleSelectAllVisible(checked === true)}
-                                            aria-label="Sélectionner tous les élèves"
+                                            aria-label={t('students.table.select_all')}
                                         />
                                     </TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Élève</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Matricule</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Sexe / Gender</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Nationalité</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Contact</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Statut</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead className="text-center font-semibold text-gray-900 w-28">Actions</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('students.table.student')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('students.table.matricule')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('students.table.gender')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('students.table.nationality')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('students.table.contact')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('students.table.status')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="text-center font-semibold text-gray-900 w-28">{t('students.table.actions')}</TableHead>
                                 </TableRow>
                             </TableHeader>
                             <TableBody>
@@ -534,7 +531,7 @@ export default function Index({ students, perPage, stats, filters, options }: Re
                                         <TableCell colSpan={8} className="text-center py-12 text-gray-500">
                                             <div className="flex flex-col items-center gap-2">
                                                 <Users className="w-12 h-12 text-gray-300" />
-                                                <p className="text-lg">Aucun élève trouvé</p>
+                                                <p className="text-lg">{t('students.table.empty')}</p>
                                             </div>
                                         </TableCell>
                                     </TableRow>
@@ -545,7 +542,7 @@ export default function Index({ students, perPage, stats, filters, options }: Re
                                                 <Checkbox
                                                     checked={selectedStudentIds.includes(student.id)}
                                                     onCheckedChange={(checked) => toggleSelectStudent(student.id, checked === true)}
-                                                    aria-label={`Sélectionner ${student.firstname} ${student.lastname}`}
+                                                    aria-label={t('students.table.select_one', { name: `${student.firstname} ${student.lastname}` })}
                                                 />
                                             </TableCell>
                                             <TableCell className="font-semibold text-gray-900">
@@ -585,31 +582,31 @@ export default function Index({ students, perPage, stats, filters, options }: Re
                                             </TableCell>
                                             <TableCell>
                                                 <span className={`px-2 py-1 rounded text-sm font-medium ${student.active ? 'bg-green-100 text-green-700' : 'bg-gray-100 text-gray-600'}`}>
-                                                    {student.active ? 'Actif' : 'Inactif'}
+                                                    {student.active ? t('common.status.active') : t('common.status.inactive')}
                                                 </span>
                                             </TableCell>
                                             <TableCell className="text-center">
                                                 <div className="flex gap-2 justify-center">
                                                     <IconButton
-                                                        label="Voir la fiche"
+                                                        label={t('students.table.view')}
                                                         icon={<Eye className="w-4 h-4" />}
                                                         className="border-gray-300 text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-50 hover:text-gray-900"
                                                         onClick={() => router.visit(route('students.show', student.id))}
                                                     />
                                                     <IconButton
-                                                        label="Modifier"
+                                                        label={t('common.actions.edit')}
                                                         icon={<Pencil className="w-4 h-4" />}
                                                         className="border-gray-300 text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-50 hover:text-gray-900"
                                                         onClick={() => router.visit(route('students.edit', student.id))}
                                                     />
                                                     <IconButton
-                                                        label="Historique"
+                                                        label={t('students.table.history')}
                                                         icon={<History className="w-4 h-4" />}
                                                         className="border-amber-300 text-amber-700 hover:bg-amber-50 hover:text-amber-800"
                                                         onClick={() => router.visit(route('students.history', student.id))}
                                                     />
                                                     <IconButton
-                                                        label="Supprimer"
+                                                        label={t('common.actions.delete')}
                                                         icon={<Trash2 className="w-4 h-4" />}
                                                         className="border-red-300 text-red-600 hover:bg-red-50 hover:text-red-700"
                                                         onClick={() => setDeleteConfirm(student.id)}
@@ -627,7 +624,7 @@ export default function Index({ students, perPage, stats, filters, options }: Re
                 {students.last_page > 1 && (
                     <div className="flex items-center justify-between bg-white rounded-lg p-4 shadow-sm">
                         <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">
-                            {students.from}–{students.to} sur <span className="font-semibold">{students.total}</span> élèves
+                            {t('students.table.range', { from: students.from, to: students.to, total: students.total })}
                         </p>
                         <div className="flex items-center gap-1">
                             {/* First + Prev */}
@@ -668,19 +665,19 @@ export default function Index({ students, perPage, stats, filters, options }: Re
             <AlertDialog open={deleteConfirm !== null} onOpenChange={(open) => !open && setDeleteConfirm(null)}>
                 <AlertDialogContent>
                     <AlertDialogHeader>
-                        <AlertDialogTitle>Supprimer l'élève</AlertDialogTitle>
+                        <AlertDialogTitle>{t('students.delete.title')}</AlertDialogTitle>
                         <AlertDialogDescription>
-                            Êtes-vous sûr de vouloir supprimer cet élève ? Cette action est irréversible.
+                            {t('students.delete.confirm')}
                         </AlertDialogDescription>
                     </AlertDialogHeader>
                     <div className="flex gap-3 justify-end">
-                        <AlertDialogCancel disabled={isDeleting}>Annuler</AlertDialogCancel>
+                        <AlertDialogCancel disabled={isDeleting}>{t('common.actions.cancel')}</AlertDialogCancel>
                         <AlertDialogAction
                             disabled={isDeleting || !deleteConfirm}
                             onClick={() => deleteConfirm && handleDelete(deleteConfirm)}
                             className="bg-red-600 hover:bg-red-700"
                         >
-                            {isDeleting ? 'Suppression...' : 'Supprimer'}
+                            {isDeleting ? t('students.delete.deleting') : t('common.actions.delete')}
                         </AlertDialogAction>
                     </div>
                 </AlertDialogContent>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Students/Show.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Students/Show.tsx
index 36f7faac..04d3d51c 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Students/Show.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Students/Show.tsx
@@ -27,6 +27,7 @@ import {
 import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { Select, SelectContent, SelectItem, SelectTrigger, SelectValue } from '@/components/ui/select';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Student {
@@ -100,18 +101,20 @@ interface ShowProps {
     documents: StudentDocument[];
 }
 
-const formatDate = (value?: string | null): string => {
+const formatDate = (value: string | null | undefined, loc: string): string => {
     if (!value) return '—';
-    return new Date(value).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR');
-};
-
-const admissionTypeLabel: Record<string, string> = {
-    new: 'Nouvelle inscription',
-    transfer: 'Transfert',
-    re_admission: 'Ré-admission',
+    return new Date(value).toLocaleDateString(loc);
 };
 
 export default function Show({ student, documentContext, issuedDocuments, currentEnrollment, classrooms, documents }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
+    const { t, locale } = useTranslation();
+    const dateLocale = locale === 'en' ? 'en-GB' : 'fr-FR';
+    const admissionTypeLabel: Record<string, string> = {
+        new: t('students.admission.new'),
+        transfer: t('students.admission.transfer'),
+        re_admission: t('students.admission.re_admission'),
+    };
+
     const userLabel = `${student.user?.firstname ?? ''} ${student.user?.lastname ?? ''}`.trim() || student.user?.name || '—';
     const hasEmergencyContact = Boolean(student.medical_info?.emergency_contact_name || student.medical_info?.emergency_contact_phone);
 
@@ -206,7 +209,7 @@ export default function Show({ student, documentContext, issuedDocuments, curren
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Détail élève" />
+            <Head title={t('students.show.title')} />
 
             <div className="space-y-6 w-full">
                 <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
@@ -219,18 +222,18 @@ export default function Show({ student, documentContext, issuedDocuments, curren
                             <ArrowLeft className="w-5 h-5 text-gray-600" />
                         </button>
                         <div>
-                            <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900">Détail élève</h1>
-                            <p className="mt-2 text-gray-600">Consultez toutes les informations de l'élève</p>
+                            <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900">{t('students.show.title')}</h1>
+                            <p className="mt-2 text-gray-600">{t('students.show.subtitle')}</p>
                         </div>
                     </div>
                     <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
                         <Button variant="outline" onClick={() => setDeliverOpen(true)} className="gap-2" disabled={!documentContext?.templates?.length}>
                             <FileBadge className="w-4 h-4" />
-                            Délivrer un document
+                            {t('students.show.deliver_document')}
                         </Button>
                         <Button onClick={() => router.get(route('students.edit', student.id))} className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700 gap-2">
                             <Pencil className="w-4 h-4" />
-                            Modifier
+                            {t('common.actions.edit')}
                         </Button>
                     </div>
                 </div>
@@ -249,7 +252,7 @@ export default function Show({ student, documentContext, issuedDocuments, curren
                             type="button"
                             onClick={() => photoRef.current?.click()}
                             className="absolute -bottom-2 -right-2 w-9 h-9 rounded-full bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700 text-white flex items-center justify-center shadow-md ring-2 ring-white"
-                            title="Changer la photo"
+                            title={t('students.show.change_photo')}
                         >
                             <Camera className="w-4 h-4" />
                         </button>
@@ -260,15 +263,15 @@ export default function Show({ student, documentContext, issuedDocuments, curren
                         <p className="text-sm text-gray-500 font-mono mt-0.5">{student.matricule ?? '—'}</p>
                         <div className="flex items-center gap-2 mt-2">
                             <Button variant="outline" size="sm" className="gap-1.5" onClick={() => photoRef.current?.click()}>
-                                <Camera className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> {photoUrl ? 'Changer' : 'Ajouter une photo'}
+                                <Camera className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> {photoUrl ? t('students.show.change') : t('students.show.add_photo')}
                             </Button>
                             {photoUrl && (
                                 <Button variant="outline" size="sm" className="gap-1.5 border-red-200 text-red-500 hover:bg-red-50" onClick={handlePhotoDelete}>
-                                    <Trash2 className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> Retirer
+                                    <Trash2 className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> {t('common.actions.remove')}
                                 </Button>
                             )}
                         </div>
-                        <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 mt-1">JPG, PNG ou WebP — max 2 Mo</p>
+                        <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 mt-1">{t('students.show.photo_hint')}</p>
                     </div>
                 </div>
 
@@ -276,38 +279,38 @@ export default function Show({ student, documentContext, issuedDocuments, curren
                 {currentEnrollment && (
                     <div className="rounded-2xl border border-indigo-200 bg-indigo-50/50 p-4 shadow-sm flex items-center justify-between gap-4">
                         <div>
-                            <p className="text-xs uppercase tracking-wide text-indigo-700 font-semibold">Scolarité actuelle ({currentEnrollment.year})</p>
+                            <p className="text-xs uppercase tracking-wide text-indigo-700 font-semibold">{t('students.show.current_schooling', { year: currentEnrollment.year ?? '—' })}</p>
                             <p className="mt-1 text-lg font-bold text-indigo-900">
                                 {currentEnrollment.class_name ?? '—'}
                                 {currentEnrollment.class_code && <span className="ml-2 text-sm font-normal text-indigo-500">({currentEnrollment.class_code})</span>}
                             </p>
                         </div>
                         <Button variant="outline" className="gap-2 border-indigo-200 text-indigo-700 hover:bg-indigo-100" onClick={() => { setTargetClass(currentEnrollment.class_id); setClassOpen(true); }}>
-                            <Building2 className="w-4 h-4" /> Changer de classe
+                            <Building2 className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('students.show.change_class')}
                         </Button>
                     </div>
                 )}
 
                 <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-3 gap-4">
                     <div className="rounded-xl border border-blue-200 bg-blue-50 p-4 shadow-sm">
-                        <p className="text-xs uppercase tracking-wide text-blue-700 font-semibold">Identité</p>
+                        <p className="text-xs uppercase tracking-wide text-blue-700 font-semibold">{t('students.show.identity')}</p>
                         <p className="mt-2 text-lg font-bold text-blue-900">{student.firstname} {student.lastname}</p>
-                        <p className="text-sm text-blue-700 mt-1">Matricule: {student.matricule ?? '—'}</p>
+                        <p className="text-sm text-blue-700 mt-1">{t('students.field.matricule')}: {student.matricule ?? '—'}</p>
                     </div>
                     <div className="rounded-xl border border-emerald-200 bg-emerald-50 p-4 shadow-sm">
-                        <p className="text-xs uppercase tracking-wide text-emerald-700 font-semibold">Statut</p>
+                        <p className="text-xs uppercase tracking-wide text-emerald-700 font-semibold">{t('students.show.status')}</p>
                         <div className="mt-2 inline-flex items-center gap-2 rounded-full px-3 py-1 text-sm font-semibold bg-white border border-emerald-200 text-emerald-800">
                             <BadgeCheck className="w-4 h-4" />
-                            {student.active ? 'Élève actif' : 'Élève inactif'}
+                            {student.active ? t('students.show.student_active') : t('students.show.student_inactive')}
                         </div>
-                        <p className="text-sm text-emerald-700 mt-2">Compte: {userLabel}</p>
+                        <p className="text-sm text-emerald-700 mt-2">{t('students.show.account', { name: userLabel })}</p>
                     </div>
                     <div className={`rounded-xl border p-4 shadow-sm ${hasEmergencyContact ? 'border-rose-200 bg-rose-50' : 'border-amber-200 bg-amber-50'}`}>
-                        <p className={`text-xs uppercase tracking-wide font-semibold ${hasEmergencyContact ? 'text-rose-700' : 'text-amber-700'}`}>Urgence médicale</p>
+                        <p className={`text-xs uppercase tracking-wide font-semibold ${hasEmergencyContact ? 'text-rose-700' : 'text-amber-700'}`}>{t('students.show.medical_emergency')}</p>
                         <p className={`mt-2 text-sm ${hasEmergencyContact ? 'text-rose-800' : 'text-amber-800'}`}>
                             {hasEmergencyContact
-                                ? `${student.medical_info?.emergency_contact_name ?? 'Contact'} - ${student.medical_info?.emergency_contact_phone ?? 'Téléphone non renseigné'}`
-                                : 'Aucun contact d\'urgence renseigné'}
+                                ? `${student.medical_info?.emergency_contact_name ?? t('students.show.contact_fallback')} - ${student.medical_info?.emergency_contact_phone ?? t('students.show.phone_missing')}`
+                                : t('students.show.no_emergency')}
                         </p>
                     </div>
                 </div>
@@ -316,22 +319,22 @@ export default function Show({ student, documentContext, issuedDocuments, curren
                     <div className="rounded-xl border border-indigo-200 bg-indigo-50 p-4 shadow-sm">
                         <div className="flex items-center justify-between flex-wrap gap-3">
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-xs uppercase tracking-wide text-indigo-700 font-semibold">Portail élève</p>
+                                <p className="text-xs uppercase tracking-wide text-indigo-700 font-semibold">{t('students.show.portal')}</p>
                                 <p className="mt-1 text-sm text-indigo-900">
-                                    {student.portal_active ? 'Accès activé' : 'Accès non activé'} · connexion avec le matricule{' '}
+                                    {student.portal_active ? t('students.show.portal_on') : t('students.show.portal_off')} · {t('students.show.portal_login')}{' '}
                                     <span className="font-mono">{student.matricule ?? '—'}</span>
                                 </p>
                             </div>
                             <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
-                                <Input type="password" value={portalPwd} onChange={(e) => setPortalPwd(e.target.value)} placeholder="Mot de passe (min 8)" className="w-52 bg-white" />
+                                <Input type="password" value={portalPwd} onChange={(e) => setPortalPwd(e.target.value)} placeholder={t('students.show.portal_password')} className="w-52 bg-white" />
                                 <Button className="bg-indigo-600 hover:bg-indigo-700" disabled={portalPwd.length < 8}
                                     onClick={() => router.post(route('students.portal.activate', student.id), { password: portalPwd }, { preserveScroll: true, onSuccess: () => setPortalPwd('') })}>
-                                    {student.portal_active ? 'Réinitialiser' : 'Activer'}
+                                    {student.portal_active ? t('students.show.portal_reset') : t('students.show.portal_activate')}
                                 </Button>
                                 {student.portal_active && (
                                     <Button variant="outline" className="border-red-200 text-red-600 hover:bg-red-50"
                                         onClick={() => router.post(route('students.portal.deactivate', student.id), {}, { preserveScroll: true })}>
-                                        Désactiver
+                                        {t('students.show.portal_deactivate')}
                                     </Button>
                                 )}
                             </div>
@@ -343,35 +346,35 @@ export default function Show({ student, documentContext, issuedDocuments, curren
                     <div className="rounded-xl border border-blue-100 bg-linear-to-br from-blue-50 to-white p-6 shadow-sm space-y-4">
                         <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-blue-900 flex items-center gap-2">
                             <UserCircle2 className="w-5 h-5" />
-                            Identité
+                            {t('students.show.identity')}
                         </h2>
                         <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-4 text-sm">
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-gray-500">Nom complet</p>
+                                <p className="text-gray-500">{t('students.field.full_name')}</p>
                                 <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">{student.firstname} {student.lastname}</p>
                             </div>
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-gray-500">Matricule</p>
+                                <p className="text-gray-500">{t('students.field.matricule')}</p>
                                 <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">{student.matricule ?? '—'}</p>
                             </div>
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-gray-500">Genre</p>
-                                <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">{student.gender === 'male' ? 'Masculin' : 'Féminin'}</p>
+                                <p className="text-gray-500">{t('students.field.gender')}</p>
+                                <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">{student.gender === 'male' ? t('students.gender.male') : t('students.gender.female')}</p>
                             </div>
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-gray-500">Statut</p>
+                                <p className="text-gray-500">{t('students.field.status')}</p>
                                 <p className="font-medium mt-1">
                                     <span className={`px-2 py-1 rounded text-sm ${student.active ? 'bg-green-100 text-green-700' : 'bg-gray-100 text-gray-600'}`}>
-                                        {student.active ? 'Actif' : 'Inactif'}
+                                        {student.active ? t('common.status.active') : t('common.status.inactive')}
                                     </span>
                                 </p>
                             </div>
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-gray-500">Date de naissance</p>
-                                <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1 inline-flex items-center gap-1.5"><CalendarDays className="w-4 h-4 text-blue-600" />{formatDate(student.birth_date)}</p>
+                                <p className="text-gray-500">{t('students.field.birth_date')}</p>
+                                <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1 inline-flex items-center gap-1.5"><CalendarDays className="w-4 h-4 text-blue-600" />{formatDate(student.birth_date, dateLocale)}</p>
                             </div>
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-gray-500">Lieu de naissance</p>
+                                <p className="text-gray-500">{t('students.field.place_of_birth')}</p>
                                 <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1 inline-flex items-center gap-1.5"><Building2 className="w-4 h-4 text-blue-600" />{student.place_of_birth ?? '—'}</p>
                             </div>
                         </div>
@@ -380,35 +383,35 @@ export default function Show({ student, documentContext, issuedDocuments, curren
                     <div className="rounded-xl border border-cyan-100 bg-linear-to-br from-cyan-50 to-white p-6 shadow-sm space-y-4">
                         <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-cyan-900 flex items-center gap-2">
                             <BadgeCheck className="w-5 h-5" />
-                            Contact & compte
+                            {t('students.show.contact_account')}
                         </h2>
                         <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-4 text-sm">
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-gray-500">Compte utilisateur</p>
+                                <p className="text-gray-500">{t('students.field.user_account')}</p>
                                 <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">{userLabel}</p>
                             </div>
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-gray-500">Email compte</p>
+                                <p className="text-gray-500">{t('students.field.account_email')}</p>
                                 <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1 inline-flex items-center gap-1.5"><Mail className="w-4 h-4 text-cyan-600" />{student.user?.email ?? '—'}</p>
                             </div>
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-gray-500">Téléphone</p>
+                                <p className="text-gray-500">{t('students.field.phone')}</p>
                                 <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1 inline-flex items-center gap-1.5"><Phone className="w-4 h-4 text-cyan-600" />{student.phone ?? '—'}</p>
                             </div>
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-gray-500">Email élève</p>
+                                <p className="text-gray-500">{t('students.field.student_email')}</p>
                                 <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1 inline-flex items-center gap-1.5"><Mail className="w-4 h-4 text-cyan-600" />{student.email ?? '—'}</p>
                             </div>
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-gray-500">Ville</p>
+                                <p className="text-gray-500">{t('students.field.city')}</p>
                                 <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1 inline-flex items-center gap-1.5"><MapPin className="w-4 h-4 text-cyan-600" />{student.city ?? '—'}</p>
                             </div>
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-gray-500">Nationalité</p>
+                                <p className="text-gray-500">{t('students.field.nationality')}</p>
                                 <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1 inline-flex items-center gap-1.5"><Globe className="w-4 h-4 text-cyan-600" />{student.nationality ?? '—'}</p>
                             </div>
                             <div className="md:col-span-2">
-                                <p className="text-gray-500">Adresse</p>
+                                <p className="text-gray-500">{t('students.field.address')}</p>
                                 <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">{student.address ?? '—'}</p>
                             </div>
                         </div>
@@ -417,23 +420,23 @@ export default function Show({ student, documentContext, issuedDocuments, curren
                     <div className="rounded-xl border border-violet-100 bg-linear-to-br from-violet-50 to-white p-6 shadow-sm space-y-4">
                         <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-violet-900 flex items-center gap-2">
                             <FileText className="w-5 h-5" />
-                            Dossier administratif
+                            {t('students.show.admin_file')}
                         </h2>
                         <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-4 text-sm">
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-gray-500">Type d'admission</p>
+                                <p className="text-gray-500">{t('students.field.admission_type')}</p>
                                 <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">{admissionTypeLabel[student.information?.admission_type ?? 'new']}</p>
                             </div>
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-gray-500">N° acte de naissance</p>
+                                <p className="text-gray-500">{t('students.field.birth_cert_number')}</p>
                                 <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">{student.information?.birth_certificate_number ?? '—'}</p>
                             </div>
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-gray-500">Date de délivrance</p>
-                                <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1 inline-flex items-center gap-1.5"><CalendarDays className="w-4 h-4 text-violet-600" />{formatDate(student.information?.birth_certificate_issue_date)}</p>
+                                <p className="text-gray-500">{t('students.field.issue_date')}</p>
+                                <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1 inline-flex items-center gap-1.5"><CalendarDays className="w-4 h-4 text-violet-600" />{formatDate(student.information?.birth_certificate_issue_date, dateLocale)}</p>
                             </div>
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-gray-500">Lieu de délivrance</p>
+                                <p className="text-gray-500">{t('students.field.issue_place')}</p>
                                 <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">{student.information?.birth_certificate_issue_place ?? '—'}</p>
                             </div>
                         </div>
@@ -442,49 +445,49 @@ export default function Show({ student, documentContext, issuedDocuments, curren
                     <div className="rounded-xl border border-rose-100 bg-linear-to-br from-rose-50 to-white p-6 shadow-sm space-y-4">
                         <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-rose-900 flex items-center gap-2">
                             <HeartPulse className="w-5 h-5" />
-                            Parents & médical
+                            {t('students.show.parents_medical')}
                         </h2>
                         {hasEmergencyContact && (
                             <div className="rounded-lg border border-rose-200 bg-white px-3 py-2 text-sm text-rose-800 inline-flex items-center gap-2">
                                 <ShieldAlert className="w-4 h-4" />
-                                Contact d'urgence disponible
+                                {t('students.show.emergency_available')}
                             </div>
                         )}
                         <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-4 text-sm">
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-gray-500">Père</p>
+                                <p className="text-gray-500">{t('students.field.father')}</p>
                                 <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1 inline-flex items-center gap-1.5"><Users className="w-4 h-4 text-rose-600" />{student.parent_info?.father_firstname ?? '—'} {student.parent_info?.father_lastname ?? ''}</p>
                             </div>
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-gray-500">Mère</p>
+                                <p className="text-gray-500">{t('students.field.mother')}</p>
                                 <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1 inline-flex items-center gap-1.5"><Users className="w-4 h-4 text-rose-600" />{student.parent_info?.mother_firstname ?? '—'} {student.parent_info?.mother_lastname ?? ''}</p>
                             </div>
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-gray-500">Téléphone père</p>
+                                <p className="text-gray-500">{t('students.field.father_phone')}</p>
                                 <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1 inline-flex items-center gap-1.5"><Phone className="w-4 h-4 text-rose-600" />{student.parent_info?.father_phone ?? '—'}</p>
                             </div>
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-gray-500">Téléphone mère</p>
+                                <p className="text-gray-500">{t('students.field.mother_phone')}</p>
                                 <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1 inline-flex items-center gap-1.5"><Phone className="w-4 h-4 text-rose-600" />{student.parent_info?.mother_phone ?? '—'}</p>
                             </div>
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-gray-500">Email parent</p>
+                                <p className="text-gray-500">{t('students.field.parent_email')}</p>
                                 <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1 inline-flex items-center gap-1.5"><Mail className="w-4 h-4 text-rose-600" />{student.parent_info?.email ?? '—'}</p>
                             </div>
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-gray-500">Groupe sanguin</p>
+                                <p className="text-gray-500">{t('students.field.blood_group')}</p>
                                 <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">{student.medical_info?.blood_group ?? '—'}</p>
                             </div>
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-gray-500">Contact d'urgence</p>
+                                <p className="text-gray-500">{t('students.field.emergency_contact')}</p>
                                 <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">{student.medical_info?.emergency_contact_name ?? '—'}</p>
                             </div>
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-gray-500">Téléphone d'urgence</p>
+                                <p className="text-gray-500">{t('students.field.emergency_phone')}</p>
                                 <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">{student.medical_info?.emergency_contact_phone ?? '—'}</p>
                             </div>
                             <div className="md:col-span-2">
-                                <p className="text-gray-500">Allergies</p>
+                                <p className="text-gray-500">{t('students.field.allergies')}</p>
                                 <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">{student.medical_info?.allergies ?? '—'}</p>
                             </div>
                         </div>
@@ -495,18 +498,18 @@ export default function Show({ student, documentContext, issuedDocuments, curren
                 <div className="rounded-xl border border-gray-200 bg-white p-5 shadow-sm">
                     <h2 className="text-sm font-semibold text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-2 mb-3">
                         <FileText className="w-4 h-4 text-indigo-600" />
-                        Pièces du dossier
+                        {t('students.show.docs_title')}
                         <span className="text-gray-400 font-normal">({documents.length})</span>
                     </h2>
 
                     {/* Formulaire d'ajout : nom + fichier */}
                     <form onSubmit={addDocument} className="flex flex-wrap items-end gap-3 mb-4 rounded-xl bg-gray-50 ring-1 ring-gray-100 p-3">
                         <div className="flex-1 min-w-48">
-                            <label className="block text-xs font-medium text-gray-600 mb-1">Nom du document *</label>
-                            <Input value={docName} onChange={e => setDocName(e.target.value)} placeholder="Ex: Extrait de naissance, Passeport..." className="bg-white" />
+                            <label className="block text-xs font-medium text-gray-600 mb-1">{t('students.show.doc_name_label')}</label>
+                            <Input value={docName} onChange={e => setDocName(e.target.value)} placeholder={t('students.show.doc_name_ph')} className="bg-white" />
                         </div>
                         <div className="flex-1 min-w-48">
-                            <label className="block text-xs font-medium text-gray-600 mb-1">Fichier *</label>
+                            <label className="block text-xs font-medium text-gray-600 mb-1">{t('students.show.doc_file_label')}</label>
                             <input
                                 ref={docFileRef}
                                 type="file"
@@ -516,13 +519,13 @@ export default function Show({ student, documentContext, issuedDocuments, curren
                             />
                         </div>
                         <Button type="submit" disabled={!docName || !docFile || docUploading} className="bg-indigo-600 hover:bg-indigo-700 gap-2">
-                            <Upload className="w-4 h-4" /> {docUploading ? 'Ajout...' : 'Ajouter'}
+                            <Upload className="w-4 h-4" /> {docUploading ? t('students.show.adding') : t('common.actions.add')}
                         </Button>
                     </form>
-                    <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 mb-3">Stockés dans le dossier privé de l'élève. PDF, image ou Word — max 5 Mo.</p>
+                    <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 mb-3">{t('students.show.docs_hint')}</p>
 
                     {documents.length === 0 ? (
-                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-400 py-4 text-center">Aucune pièce dans le dossier.</p>
+                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-400 py-4 text-center">{t('students.show.docs_empty')}</p>
                     ) : (
                         <div className="divide-y divide-gray-50">
                             {documents.map(d => (
@@ -536,7 +539,7 @@ export default function Show({ student, documentContext, issuedDocuments, curren
                                     </div>
                                     <div className="flex items-center gap-1.5 shrink-0 ml-3">
                                         <a href={`/students/${student.id}/documents/${d.id}`} target="_blank" rel="noreferrer">
-                                            <Button variant="outline" size="sm" className="gap-1 text-xs"><Download className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> Télécharger</Button>
+                                            <Button variant="outline" size="sm" className="gap-1 text-xs"><Download className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> {t('common.actions.download')}</Button>
                                         </a>
                                         <Button variant="outline" size="sm" className="border-red-200 text-red-500 hover:bg-red-50" onClick={() => deleteDocument(d.id)}>
                                             <Trash2 className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />
@@ -552,11 +555,11 @@ export default function Show({ student, documentContext, issuedDocuments, curren
                 <div className="rounded-xl border border-gray-200 bg-white p-5 shadow-sm">
                     <h2 className="text-sm font-semibold text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-2 mb-3">
                         <FileBadge className="w-4 h-4 text-blue-600" />
-                        Documents délivrés
+                        {t('students.show.issued_docs')}
                         <span className="text-gray-400 font-normal">({issuedDocuments.length})</span>
                     </h2>
                     {issuedDocuments.length === 0 ? (
-                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-400 py-4 text-center">Aucun document délivré pour cet élève.</p>
+                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-400 py-4 text-center">{t('students.show.issued_empty')}</p>
                     ) : (
                         <div className="divide-y divide-gray-50">
                             {issuedDocuments.map(doc => (
@@ -570,7 +573,7 @@ export default function Show({ student, documentContext, issuedDocuments, curren
                                     </div>
                                     <div className="text-right text-xs text-gray-500">
                                         <p>{doc.issued_at}</p>
-                                        {doc.issued_by && <p className="text-gray-400">par {doc.issued_by}</p>}
+                                        {doc.issued_by && <p className="text-gray-400">{t('students.show.issued_by', { name: doc.issued_by })}</p>}
                                     </div>
                                 </div>
                             ))}
@@ -579,8 +582,8 @@ export default function Show({ student, documentContext, issuedDocuments, curren
                 </div>
 
                 <div className="rounded-xl border border-slate-200 bg-slate-50 p-4 shadow-sm text-sm text-slate-600 flex items-center justify-between">
-                    <span className="inline-flex items-center gap-2"><Clock3 className="w-4 h-4" />Créé le {new Date(student.created_at).toLocaleString('fr-FR')}</span>
-                    <span className="inline-flex items-center gap-2"><Clock3 className="w-4 h-4" />Mis à jour le {new Date(student.updated_at).toLocaleString('fr-FR')}</span>
+                    <span className="inline-flex items-center gap-2"><Clock3 className="w-4 h-4" />{t('students.show.created_at', { date: new Date(student.created_at).toLocaleString(dateLocale) })}</span>
+                    <span className="inline-flex items-center gap-2"><Clock3 className="w-4 h-4" />{t('students.show.updated_at', { date: new Date(student.updated_at).toLocaleString(dateLocale) })}</span>
                 </div>
             </div>
 
@@ -588,20 +591,20 @@ export default function Show({ student, documentContext, issuedDocuments, curren
             <Dialog open={deliverOpen} onOpenChange={setDeliverOpen}>
                 <DialogContent>
                     <DialogHeader>
-                        <DialogTitle>Délivrer un document</DialogTitle>
+                        <DialogTitle>{t('students.show.deliver_document')}</DialogTitle>
                         <DialogDescription>
-                            Générez un certificat ou une attestation pour {student.firstname} {student.lastname}.
+                            {t('students.dialog.deliver_desc', { name: `${student.firstname} ${student.lastname}` })}
                         </DialogDescription>
                     </DialogHeader>
 
                     <div className="space-y-4 py-2">
                         <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                            <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Type de document *</label>
+                            <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('students.dialog.doc_type')}</label>
                             <Select value={templateId} onValueChange={setTemplateId}>
-                                <SelectTrigger><SelectValue placeholder="Choisir un modèle" /></SelectTrigger>
+                                <SelectTrigger><SelectValue placeholder={t('students.dialog.choose_template')} /></SelectTrigger>
                                 <SelectContent>
-                                    {documentContext?.templates?.map(t => (
-                                        <SelectItem key={t.id} value={t.id}>{t.name}</SelectItem>
+                                    {documentContext?.templates?.map(tpl => (
+                                        <SelectItem key={tpl.id} value={tpl.id}>{tpl.name}</SelectItem>
                                     ))}
                                 </SelectContent>
                             </Select>
@@ -609,20 +612,20 @@ export default function Show({ student, documentContext, issuedDocuments, curren
 
                         <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-3">
                             <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                                <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Classe</label>
-                                <Input value={classe} onChange={e => setClasse(e.target.value)} placeholder="Ex: 3ème A" />
+                                <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('students.dialog.class')}</label>
+                                <Input value={classe} onChange={e => setClasse(e.target.value)} placeholder={t('students.dialog.class_ph')} />
                             </div>
                             <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                                <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Année scolaire</label>
+                                <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('students.dialog.school_year')}</label>
                                 <Input value={annee} onChange={e => setAnnee(e.target.value)} placeholder="2025-2026" />
                             </div>
                         </div>
                     </div>
 
                     <div className="flex justify-end gap-2">
-                        <Button variant="outline" onClick={() => setDeliverOpen(false)}>Annuler</Button>
+                        <Button variant="outline" onClick={() => setDeliverOpen(false)}>{t('common.actions.cancel')}</Button>
                         <Button onClick={handleGenerate} disabled={!templateId} className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700 gap-2">
-                            <Download className="w-4 h-4" /> Générer le PDF
+                            <Download className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('students.dialog.generate_pdf')}
                         </Button>
                     </div>
                 </DialogContent>
@@ -632,16 +635,16 @@ export default function Show({ student, documentContext, issuedDocuments, curren
             <Dialog open={classOpen} onOpenChange={setClassOpen}>
                 <DialogContent>
                     <DialogHeader>
-                        <DialogTitle>Changer de classe</DialogTitle>
+                        <DialogTitle>{t('students.show.change_class')}</DialogTitle>
                         <DialogDescription>
-                            Réaffecter {student.firstname} {student.lastname} pour l'année {currentEnrollment?.year}.
+                            {t('students.dialog.change_class_desc', { name: `${student.firstname} ${student.lastname}`, year: currentEnrollment?.year ?? '—' })}
                         </DialogDescription>
                     </DialogHeader>
                     <div className="space-y-4 py-2">
                         <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                            <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Nouvelle classe</label>
+                            <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('students.dialog.new_class')}</label>
                             <Select value={targetClass} onValueChange={setTargetClass}>
-                                <SelectTrigger><SelectValue placeholder="Choisir une classe" /></SelectTrigger>
+                                <SelectTrigger><SelectValue placeholder={t('students.dialog.choose_class')} /></SelectTrigger>
                                 <SelectContent>
                                     {classrooms.map(c => (
                                         <SelectItem key={c.id} value={c.id}>{c.name} ({c.code})</SelectItem>
@@ -649,12 +652,12 @@ export default function Show({ student, documentContext, issuedDocuments, curren
                                 </SelectContent>
                             </Select>
                         </div>
-                        <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">Les frais déjà facturés ne sont pas recalculés automatiquement.</p>
+                        <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">{t('students.dialog.reassign_hint')}</p>
                     </div>
                     <div className="flex justify-end gap-2">
-                        <Button variant="outline" onClick={() => setClassOpen(false)}>Annuler</Button>
+                        <Button variant="outline" onClick={() => setClassOpen(false)}>{t('common.actions.cancel')}</Button>
                         <Button className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700" disabled={!targetClass || targetClass === currentEnrollment?.class_id} onClick={handleChangeClass}>
-                            Réaffecter
+                            {t('students.dialog.reassign')}
                         </Button>
                     </div>
                 </DialogContent>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Students/Stats.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Students/Stats.tsx
index d6712ee2..01f2053b 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Students/Stats.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Students/Stats.tsx
@@ -6,6 +6,9 @@ import {
     ResponsiveContainer, Tooltip as RTooltip, XAxis, YAxis,
 } from 'recharts';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
+
+type TFn = (key: string, params?: Record<string, string | number>) => string;
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 import { useChartTheme } from '@/lib/chart-theme';
 
@@ -27,9 +30,9 @@ interface Props {
 }
 
 /** Infobulle riche du graphe classes : total, capacité (taux de remplissage), sexe. */
-function ClassTooltip({ active, payload, theme, blue, orange }: Readonly<{
+function ClassTooltip({ active, payload, theme, blue, orange, t }: Readonly<{
     active?: boolean; payload?: { payload: ClassRow }[];
-    theme: ReturnType<typeof useChartTheme>; blue: string; orange: string;
+    theme: ReturnType<typeof useChartTheme>; blue: string; orange: string; t: TFn;
 }>) {
     if (!active || !payload?.length) return null;
     const d = payload[0].payload;
@@ -37,9 +40,9 @@ function ClassTooltip({ active, payload, theme, blue, orange }: Readonly<{
     return (
         <div style={{ ...theme.tooltip.contentStyle, padding: '8px 10px', fontSize: 12 }}>
             <div style={{ fontWeight: 600, marginBottom: 3 }}>{d.label}</div>
-            <div style={theme.tooltip.itemStyle}>Total : <strong>{d.count}</strong>{d.capacity > 0 ? ` / ${d.capacity} places${fill != null ? ` · ${fill}%` : ''}` : ''}</div>
-            <div style={{ color: blue }}>Garçons : {d.male}</div>
-            <div style={{ color: orange }}>Filles : {d.female}</div>
+            <div style={theme.tooltip.itemStyle}>{t('students.stats_page.total')} : <strong>{d.count}</strong>{d.capacity > 0 ? ` / ${d.capacity} ${t('students.stats_page.seats')}${fill != null ? ` · ${fill}%` : ''}` : ''}</div>
+            <div style={{ color: blue }}>{t('students.stats_page.boys')} : {d.male}</div>
+            <div style={{ color: orange }}>{t('students.stats_page.girls')} : {d.female}</div>
         </div>
     );
 }
@@ -81,12 +84,13 @@ const AGE_SHORT: Record<string, string> = {
 
 export default function Stats({ summary, byGender, byAge, byClass, parite, ageMoyen, overAge, academicYears, selectedYear }: Readonly<Props>) {
     const theme = useChartTheme();
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const [BLUE, ORANGE] = theme.series;
 
     // L'identité (sexe) est portée par la couleur de la catégorie, jamais par son rang.
     const genderData = [
-        { name: 'Garçons', value: byGender.male, color: BLUE },
-        { name: 'Filles', value: byGender.female, color: ORANGE },
+        { name: t('students.stats_page.boys'), value: byGender.male, color: BLUE },
+        { name: t('students.stats_page.girls'), value: byGender.female, color: ORANGE },
     ].filter((d) => d.value > 0);
     const genderTotal = byGender.male + byGender.female;
 
@@ -104,10 +108,10 @@ export default function Stats({ summary, byGender, byAge, byClass, parite, ageMo
     const classChartHeight = Math.max(200, classData.length * 26 + 24);
 
     const cards = [
-        { label: `Inscrits ${selectedYear?.year ?? ''}`, value: summary.enrolled, sub: `${summary.classes} classes`, tone: 'text-blue-600', icon: GraduationCap },
-        { label: 'Actifs', value: summary.active, sub: `${summary.inactive} inactifs`, tone: 'text-emerald-600', icon: UserCheck },
-        { label: 'Âge moyen', value: ageMoyen != null ? `${ageMoyen} ans` : '—', sub: 'de la cohorte', tone: 'text-violet-600', icon: CalendarClock },
-        { label: 'Sur-âge', value: `${overAge.rate}%`, sub: `${overAge.count} élèves en retard`, tone: 'text-amber-600', icon: Layers },
+        { label: t('students.stats_page.enrolled', { year: selectedYear?.year ?? '' }), value: summary.enrolled, sub: t('students.stats_page.classes', { count: summary.classes }), tone: 'text-blue-600', icon: GraduationCap },
+        { label: t('students.stats_page.active'), value: summary.active, sub: t('students.stats_page.inactive', { count: summary.inactive }), tone: 'text-emerald-600', icon: UserCheck },
+        { label: t('students.stats_page.avg_age'), value: ageMoyen != null ? t('students.stats_page.years', { n: ageMoyen }) : '—', sub: t('students.stats_page.cohort'), tone: 'text-violet-600', icon: CalendarClock },
+        { label: t('students.stats_page.over_age'), value: `${overAge.rate}%`, sub: t('students.stats_page.over_age_sub', { count: overAge.count }), tone: 'text-amber-600', icon: Layers },
     ];
 
     const changeYear = (id: string) =>
@@ -115,18 +119,18 @@ export default function Stats({ summary, byGender, byAge, byClass, parite, ageMo
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Statistiques élèves" />
+            <Head title={t('students.stats_page.title')} />
             <div className="w-full space-y-6 p-1">
 
                 <div className="flex flex-wrap items-start justify-between gap-4">
                     <div>
                         <h1 className="text-2xl font-bold text-gray-900 dark:text-white flex items-center gap-3">
-                            <BarChart3 className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" /> Statistiques élèves
+                            <BarChart3 className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" /> {t('students.stats_page.title')}
                         </h1>
-                        <p className="mt-1 text-sm text-gray-500">Vue démographique et effectifs des élèves inscrits pour l&apos;année sélectionnée.</p>
+                        <p className="mt-1 text-sm text-gray-500">{t('students.stats_page.subtitle')}</p>
                     </div>
                     <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
-                        <label htmlFor="stats_year" className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300">Année</label>
+                        <label htmlFor="stats_year" className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300">{t('students.stats_page.year')}</label>
                         <select
                             id="stats_year"
                             value={selectedYear?.id ?? ''}
@@ -147,9 +151,9 @@ export default function Stats({ summary, byGender, byAge, byClass, parite, ageMo
 
                 <div className="grid grid-cols-1 lg:grid-cols-2 gap-6">
                     {/* Répartition par sexe */}
-                    <Card title="Répartition par sexe" icon={<Users className="w-4 h-4" />}>
+                    <Card title={t('students.stats_page.gender_dist')} icon={<Users className="w-4 h-4" />}>
                         {genderTotal === 0 ? (
-                            <p className="text-sm text-gray-400 text-center py-12">Aucune donnée</p>
+                            <p className="text-sm text-gray-400 text-center py-12">{t('students.stats_page.no_data')}</p>
                         ) : (
                             <div className="flex items-center gap-4">
                                 <ResponsiveContainer width="50%" height={200}>
@@ -163,11 +167,11 @@ export default function Stats({ summary, byGender, byAge, byClass, parite, ageMo
                                 <div className="flex-1 space-y-3">
                                     <div>
                                         <p className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900 dark:text-white">{parite.female_pct}%</p>
-                                        <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">de filles{parite.ips != null ? ` · IPS ${parite.ips}` : ''}</p>
+                                        <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">{t('students.stats_page.girls_sub')}{parite.ips != null ? ` · ${t('students.stats_page.ips')} ${parite.ips}` : ''}</p>
                                     </div>
                                     <div className="space-y-1.5 text-sm">
-                                        <span className="flex items-center gap-2 text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300"><span className="w-3 h-3 rounded-full" style={{ background: BLUE }} /> Garçons : <strong>{byGender.male}</strong></span>
-                                        <span className="flex items-center gap-2 text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300"><span className="w-3 h-3 rounded-full" style={{ background: ORANGE }} /> Filles : <strong>{byGender.female}</strong></span>
+                                        <span className="flex items-center gap-2 text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300"><span className="w-3 h-3 rounded-full" style={{ background: BLUE }} /> {t('students.stats_page.boys')} : <strong>{byGender.male}</strong></span>
+                                        <span className="flex items-center gap-2 text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300"><span className="w-3 h-3 rounded-full" style={{ background: ORANGE }} /> {t('students.stats_page.girls')} : <strong>{byGender.female}</strong></span>
                                     </div>
                                 </div>
                             </div>
@@ -175,16 +179,16 @@ export default function Stats({ summary, byGender, byAge, byClass, parite, ageMo
                     </Card>
 
                     {/* Répartition par tranche d'âge */}
-                    <Card title="Répartition par tranche d'âge" icon={<CalendarClock className="w-4 h-4" />}>
+                    <Card title={t('students.stats_page.age_dist')} icon={<CalendarClock className="w-4 h-4" />}>
                         {ageData.every((a) => a.count === 0) ? (
-                            <p className="text-sm text-gray-400 text-center py-12">Aucune donnée</p>
+                            <p className="text-sm text-gray-400 text-center py-12">{t('students.stats_page.no_data')}</p>
                         ) : (
                             <ResponsiveContainer width="100%" height={200}>
                                 <BarChart data={ageData} margin={{ top: 8, right: 8, left: 0, bottom: 0 }}>
                                     <CartesianGrid strokeDasharray="3 3" stroke={theme.grid} vertical={false} />
                                     <XAxis dataKey="short" tick={{ fontSize: 11, fill: theme.tick }} axisLine={false} tickLine={false} interval={0} />
                                     <YAxis tick={{ fontSize: 11, fill: theme.tick }} axisLine={false} tickLine={false} width={30} allowDecimals={false} />
-                                    <RTooltip contentStyle={theme.tooltip.contentStyle} itemStyle={theme.tooltip.itemStyle} labelFormatter={(l, p) => (p?.[0]?.payload?.label ?? l)} formatter={(v) => [`${v} élèves`, 'Effectif']} />
+                                    <RTooltip contentStyle={theme.tooltip.contentStyle} itemStyle={theme.tooltip.itemStyle} labelFormatter={(l, p) => (p?.[0]?.payload?.label ?? l)} formatter={(v) => [t('students.stats_page.students_count', { v: Number(v) }), t('students.stats_page.headcount')]} />
                                     <Bar dataKey="count" radius={[4, 4, 0, 0]} maxBarSize={54}>
                                         {ageData.map((d, i) => (
                                             <Cell key={d.label} fill={theme.sequential[Math.round((i / Math.max(ageData.length - 1, 1)) * (theme.sequential.length - 1))]} />
@@ -198,7 +202,7 @@ export default function Stats({ summary, byGender, byAge, byClass, parite, ageMo
                 </div>
 
                 {/* Effectifs par classe — filtrable par cycle, empilé par sexe */}
-                <Card title={`Effectifs par classe${selectedYear ? ` — ${selectedYear.year}` : ''}`} icon={<BarChart3 className="w-4 h-4" />}>
+                <Card title={`${t('students.stats_page.by_class')}${selectedYear ? ` — ${selectedYear.year}` : ''}`} icon={<BarChart3 className="w-4 h-4" />}>
                     <div className="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-2 mb-4">
                         {['Tous', ...cycles].map((c) => (
                             <button
@@ -211,38 +215,38 @@ export default function Stats({ summary, byGender, byAge, byClass, parite, ageMo
                                         : 'bg-gray-100 dark:bg-gray-700 text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300 hover:bg-gray-200 dark:hover:bg-gray-600'
                                 }`}
                             >
-                                {c}
+                                {c === 'Tous' ? t('students.stats_page.all') : c}
                             </button>
                         ))}
                         <div className="ml-auto flex items-center gap-1 text-xs text-gray-400">
-                            <span className="mr-1">Tri</span>
+                            <span className="mr-1">{t('students.stats_page.sort')}</span>
                             {(['niveau', 'effectif'] as const).map((s) => (
                                 <button
                                     key={s}
                                     type="button"
                                     onClick={() => setSort(s)}
-                                    className={`px-2 py-1 rounded-md capitalize transition-colors ${
+                                    className={`px-2 py-1 rounded-md transition-colors ${
                                         sort === s ? 'bg-gray-200 dark:bg-gray-600 text-gray-800 dark:text-gray-100 font-medium' : 'hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700'
                                     }`}
                                 >
-                                    {s === 'niveau' ? 'Par niveau' : 'Par effectif'}
+                                    {s === 'niveau' ? t('students.stats_page.by_level') : t('students.stats_page.by_headcount')}
                                 </button>
                             ))}
                         </div>
                     </div>
 
                     {classData.length === 0 ? (
-                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-400 text-center py-12">Aucune classe pour ce filtre</p>
+                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-400 text-center py-12">{t('students.stats_page.no_class_filter')}</p>
                     ) : (
                         <ResponsiveContainer width="100%" height={classChartHeight}>
                             <BarChart layout="vertical" data={classData} margin={{ top: 0, right: 36, left: 8, bottom: 0 }} barCategoryGap="22%">
                                 <CartesianGrid strokeDasharray="3 3" stroke={theme.grid} horizontal={false} />
                                 <XAxis type="number" tick={{ fontSize: 11, fill: theme.tick }} axisLine={false} tickLine={false} allowDecimals={false} />
                                 <YAxis type="category" dataKey="label" width={96} tick={{ fontSize: 11, fill: theme.axis }} axisLine={false} tickLine={false} />
-                                <RTooltip cursor={{ fill: theme.grid, fillOpacity: 0.25 }} content={<ClassTooltip theme={theme} blue={BLUE} orange={ORANGE} />} />
+                                <RTooltip cursor={{ fill: theme.grid, fillOpacity: 0.25 }} content={<ClassTooltip theme={theme} blue={BLUE} orange={ORANGE} t={t} />} />
                                 <Legend wrapperStyle={{ fontSize: 11 }} />
-                                <Bar dataKey="male" name="Garçons" stackId="s" fill={BLUE} maxBarSize={22} />
-                                <Bar dataKey="female" name="Filles" stackId="s" fill={ORANGE} radius={[0, 4, 4, 0]} maxBarSize={22}>
+                                <Bar dataKey="male" name={t('students.stats_page.boys')} stackId="s" fill={BLUE} maxBarSize={22} />
+                                <Bar dataKey="female" name={t('students.stats_page.girls')} stackId="s" fill={ORANGE} radius={[0, 4, 4, 0]} maxBarSize={22}>
                                     <LabelList dataKey="count" position="right" style={{ fontSize: 11, fill: theme.tick }} />
                                 </Bar>
                             </BarChart>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Timetable/Index.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Timetable/Index.tsx
index 3c134f15..ace6803b 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Timetable/Index.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Timetable/Index.tsx
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import { Dialog, DialogContent, DialogHeader, DialogTitle } from '@/components/u
 import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { Select, SelectContent, SelectItem, SelectTrigger, SelectValue } from '@/components/ui/select';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Option { id: string; name: string; code?: string; }
@@ -43,6 +44,7 @@ const emptyForm = {
 };
 
 export default function Index({ classrooms, subjects, teachers, slots, days, filters, canManage }: Readonly<Props>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const [classId, setClassId] = useState(filters.class_id ?? '');
     const [dialogOpen, setDialogOpen] = useState(false);
     const [editing, setEditing] = useState(false);
@@ -91,16 +93,16 @@ export default function Index({ classrooms, subjects, teachers, slots, days, fil
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Emploi du temps" />
+            <Head title={t('timetable.head')} />
             <div className="w-full space-y-6">
 
                 <div className="flex items-start justify-between gap-4 flex-wrap">
                     <div>
-                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3"><CalendarRange className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />Emploi du temps</h1>
-                        <p className="mt-2 text-gray-500">Organisez les créneaux de cours par classe pour l'année active.</p>
+                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3"><CalendarRange className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />{t('timetable.title')}</h1>
+                        <p className="mt-2 text-gray-500">{t('timetable.subtitle')}</p>
                     </div>
                     <Button variant="outline" className="gap-2 shrink-0" onClick={() => router.get(route('timetable.teacher'))}>
-                        <User className="w-4 h-4" /> Vue par enseignant
+                        <User className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('timetable.teacher_view')}
                     </Button>
                 </div>
 
@@ -109,7 +111,7 @@ export default function Index({ classrooms, subjects, teachers, slots, days, fil
                     <div className="rounded-2xl bg-slate-50/70 ring-1 ring-slate-200 shadow-sm p-4 flex items-center gap-3 flex-1 min-w-64 max-w-md">
                         <CalendarRange className="w-5 h-5 text-gray-400" />
                         <Select value={classId} onValueChange={selectClass}>
-                            <SelectTrigger className="bg-white"><SelectValue placeholder="Choisir une classe" /></SelectTrigger>
+                            <SelectTrigger className="bg-white"><SelectValue placeholder={t('timetable.choose_class')} /></SelectTrigger>
                             <SelectContent>
                                 {classrooms.map(c => <SelectItem key={c.id} value={c.id}>{c.name}</SelectItem>)}
                             </SelectContent>
@@ -117,7 +119,7 @@ export default function Index({ classrooms, subjects, teachers, slots, days, fil
                     </div>
                     {classId && (
                         <Button variant="outline" className="gap-2" onClick={() => window.open(route('timetable.export', classId), '_blank')}>
-                            <Download className="w-4 h-4" /> Exporter en PDF
+                            <Download className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('timetable.export_pdf')}
                         </Button>
                     )}
                 </div>
@@ -125,7 +127,7 @@ export default function Index({ classrooms, subjects, teachers, slots, days, fil
                 {!classId ? (
                     <div className="rounded-2xl ring-1 ring-dashed ring-gray-200 p-12 text-center text-gray-400">
                         <CalendarRange className="w-10 h-10 mx-auto mb-2 opacity-30" />
-                        Sélectionnez une classe pour afficher son emploi du temps.
+                        {t('timetable.select_class_prompt')}
                     </div>
                 ) : (
                     <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 lg:grid-cols-3 xl:grid-cols-6 gap-4">
@@ -136,7 +138,7 @@ export default function Index({ classrooms, subjects, teachers, slots, days, fil
                                     <div className="flex items-center justify-between mb-2">
                                         <h3 className="text-sm font-semibold text-gray-900">{days[day]}</h3>
                                         {canManage && (
-                                            <button onClick={() => openCreate(day)} className="text-blue-500 hover:text-blue-700" title="Ajouter un créneau">
+                                            <button onClick={() => openCreate(day)} className="text-blue-500 hover:text-blue-700" title={t('timetable.add_slot')}>
                                                 <Plus className="w-4 h-4" />
                                             </button>
                                         )}
@@ -157,7 +159,7 @@ export default function Index({ classrooms, subjects, teachers, slots, days, fil
                                                         </div>
                                                     )}
                                                 </div>
-                                                <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">{slot.subject_name ?? 'Matière'}</p>
+                                                <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">{slot.subject_name ?? t('timetable.subject_fallback')}</p>
                                                 {slot.teacher_name && <p className="text-xs text-gray-500 inline-flex items-center gap-1 mt-0.5"><User className="w-3 h-3" />{slot.teacher_name}</p>}
                                                 {slot.room && <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 inline-flex items-center gap-1"><MapPin className="w-3 h-3" />{slot.room}</p>}
                                             </div>
@@ -173,10 +175,10 @@ export default function Index({ classrooms, subjects, teachers, slots, days, fil
             {/* Dialog créneau */}
             <Dialog open={dialogOpen} onOpenChange={setDialogOpen}>
                 <DialogContent>
-                    <DialogHeader><DialogTitle>{editing ? 'Modifier le créneau' : 'Nouveau créneau'}</DialogTitle></DialogHeader>
+                    <DialogHeader><DialogTitle>{editing ? t('timetable.edit_slot') : t('timetable.new_slot')}</DialogTitle></DialogHeader>
                     <form onSubmit={submit} className="space-y-4 py-2">
                         <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                            <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Jour *</label>
+                            <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('timetable.day')} *</label>
                             <Select value={String(data.day_of_week)} onValueChange={v => setData('day_of_week', Number(v))}>
                                 <SelectTrigger><SelectValue /></SelectTrigger>
                                 <SelectContent>
@@ -187,20 +189,20 @@ export default function Index({ classrooms, subjects, teachers, slots, days, fil
 
                         <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-3">
                             <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                                <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Début *</label>
+                                <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('timetable.start')} *</label>
                                 <Input type="time" value={data.start_time} onChange={e => setData('start_time', e.target.value)} />
                             </div>
                             <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                                <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Fin *</label>
+                                <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('timetable.end')} *</label>
                                 <Input type="time" value={data.end_time} onChange={e => setData('end_time', e.target.value)} className={errors.end_time ? 'border-red-400' : ''} />
                                 {errors.end_time && <p className="text-xs text-red-500">{errors.end_time}</p>}
                             </div>
                         </div>
 
                         <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                            <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Matière</label>
+                            <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('timetable.subject')}</label>
                             <Select value={data.subject_id || 'none'} onValueChange={v => setData('subject_id', v === 'none' ? '' : v)}>
-                                <SelectTrigger><SelectValue placeholder="Choisir" /></SelectTrigger>
+                                <SelectTrigger><SelectValue placeholder={t('timetable.choose')} /></SelectTrigger>
                                 <SelectContent>
                                     <SelectItem value="none">—</SelectItem>
                                     {subjects.map(s => <SelectItem key={s.id} value={s.id}>{s.name}</SelectItem>)}
@@ -209,24 +211,24 @@ export default function Index({ classrooms, subjects, teachers, slots, days, fil
                         </div>
 
                         <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                            <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Enseignant</label>
+                            <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('timetable.teacher')}</label>
                             <Select value={data.teacher_id || 'none'} onValueChange={v => setData('teacher_id', v === 'none' ? '' : v)}>
-                                <SelectTrigger><SelectValue placeholder="Choisir" /></SelectTrigger>
+                                <SelectTrigger><SelectValue placeholder={t('timetable.choose')} /></SelectTrigger>
                                 <SelectContent>
                                     <SelectItem value="none">—</SelectItem>
-                                    {teachers.map(t => <SelectItem key={t.id} value={t.id}>{t.name}</SelectItem>)}
+                                    {teachers.map(tc => <SelectItem key={tc.id} value={tc.id}>{tc.name}</SelectItem>)}
                                 </SelectContent>
                             </Select>
                         </div>
 
                         <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                            <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Salle</label>
-                            <Input value={data.room} onChange={e => setData('room', e.target.value)} placeholder="Ex: Salle 12" />
+                            <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('timetable.room')}</label>
+                            <Input value={data.room} onChange={e => setData('room', e.target.value)} placeholder={t('timetable.room_ph')} />
                         </div>
 
                         <div className="flex justify-end gap-2 pt-2">
-                            <Button type="button" variant="outline" onClick={() => setDialogOpen(false)}>Annuler</Button>
-                            <Button type="submit" disabled={processing} className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700">{editing ? 'Mettre à jour' : 'Ajouter'}</Button>
+                            <Button type="button" variant="outline" onClick={() => setDialogOpen(false)}>{t('timetable.cancel')}</Button>
+                            <Button type="submit" disabled={processing} className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700">{editing ? t('timetable.update') : t('timetable.add')}</Button>
                         </div>
                     </form>
                 </DialogContent>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Timetable/Teacher.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Timetable/Teacher.tsx
index 55cc00a0..c931c37f 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Timetable/Teacher.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Eleves/Timetable/Teacher.tsx
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import { ArrowLeft, CalendarRange, Clock, Download, MapPin, User, BookOpen } fro
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { Select, SelectContent, SelectItem, SelectTrigger, SelectValue } from '@/components/ui/select';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Option { id: string; name: string; }
@@ -26,6 +27,7 @@ interface Props {
 }
 
 export default function Teacher({ teachers, teacher, slots, days, filters }: Readonly<Props>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const teacherId = filters.teacher_id ?? '';
     const dayKeys = Object.keys(days).map(Number);
 
@@ -41,7 +43,7 @@ export default function Teacher({ teachers, teacher, slots, days, filters }: Rea
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Emploi du temps — par enseignant" />
+            <Head title={t('timetable.head_teacher')} />
             <div className="w-full space-y-6">
 
                 {/* Header */}
@@ -57,9 +59,9 @@ export default function Teacher({ teachers, teacher, slots, days, filters }: Rea
                         <div>
                             <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3">
                                 <CalendarRange className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />
-                                Emploi du temps — par enseignant
+                                {t('timetable.head_teacher')}
                             </h1>
-                            <p className="mt-1 text-gray-500">Programmation d'un enseignant pour l'année active, toutes classes confondues.</p>
+                            <p className="mt-1 text-gray-500">{t('timetable.subtitle_teacher')}</p>
                         </div>
                     </div>
                     <Button
@@ -67,7 +69,7 @@ export default function Teacher({ teachers, teacher, slots, days, filters }: Rea
                         disabled={!teacherId || slots.length === 0}
                         className="gap-2 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700 shrink-0 disabled:opacity-40"
                     >
-                        <Download className="w-4 h-4" /> Exporter en PDF
+                        <Download className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('timetable.export_pdf')}
                     </Button>
                 </div>
 
@@ -75,9 +77,9 @@ export default function Teacher({ teachers, teacher, slots, days, filters }: Rea
                 <div className="rounded-2xl bg-slate-50/70 ring-1 ring-slate-200 shadow-sm p-4 flex items-center gap-3 max-w-md">
                     <User className="w-5 h-5 text-gray-400" />
                     <Select value={teacherId} onValueChange={selectTeacher}>
-                        <SelectTrigger className="bg-white"><SelectValue placeholder="Choisir un enseignant" /></SelectTrigger>
+                        <SelectTrigger className="bg-white"><SelectValue placeholder={t('timetable.choose_teacher')} /></SelectTrigger>
                         <SelectContent>
-                            {teachers.map(t => <SelectItem key={t.id} value={t.id}>{t.name}</SelectItem>)}
+                            {teachers.map(tc => <SelectItem key={tc.id} value={tc.id}>{tc.name}</SelectItem>)}
                         </SelectContent>
                     </Select>
                 </div>
@@ -85,7 +87,7 @@ export default function Teacher({ teachers, teacher, slots, days, filters }: Rea
                 {!teacherId ? (
                     <div className="rounded-2xl ring-1 ring-dashed ring-gray-200 p-12 text-center text-gray-400">
                         <User className="w-10 h-10 mx-auto mb-2 opacity-30" />
-                        Sélectionnez un enseignant pour afficher son emploi du temps.
+                        {t('timetable.select_teacher_prompt')}
                     </div>
                 ) : (
                     <>
@@ -97,16 +99,16 @@ export default function Teacher({ teachers, teacher, slots, days, filters }: Rea
                                 </div>
                                 <span className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{teacher.name}</span>
                                 <span className="text-gray-400">·</span>
-                                <span className="text-gray-600">{slots.length} créneau{slots.length > 1 ? 'x' : ''}</span>
+                                <span className="text-gray-600">{slots.length} {slots.length > 1 ? t('timetable.slot_other') : t('timetable.slot_one')}</span>
                                 <span className="text-gray-400">·</span>
-                                <span className="text-gray-600">{distinctClasses} classe{distinctClasses > 1 ? 's' : ''}</span>
+                                <span className="text-gray-600">{distinctClasses} {distinctClasses > 1 ? t('timetable.class_other') : t('timetable.class_one')}</span>
                             </div>
                         )}
 
                         {slots.length === 0 ? (
                             <div className="rounded-2xl ring-1 ring-dashed ring-gray-200 p-12 text-center text-gray-400">
                                 <CalendarRange className="w-10 h-10 mx-auto mb-2 opacity-30" />
-                                Aucun créneau pour cet enseignant sur l'année active.
+                                {t('timetable.no_slots_teacher')}
                             </div>
                         ) : (
                             <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 lg:grid-cols-3 xl:grid-cols-6 gap-4">
@@ -123,7 +125,7 @@ export default function Teacher({ teachers, teacher, slots, days, filters }: Rea
                                                         <span className="text-xs font-semibold text-blue-700 inline-flex items-center gap-1">
                                                             <Clock className="w-3 h-3" />{slot.start_time}–{slot.end_time}
                                                         </span>
-                                                        <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">{slot.subject_name ?? 'Matière'}</p>
+                                                        <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">{slot.subject_name ?? t('timetable.subject_fallback')}</p>
                                                         {slot.class_name && <p className="text-xs text-gray-500 inline-flex items-center gap-1 mt-0.5"><BookOpen className="w-3 h-3" />{slot.class_name}</p>}
                                                         {slot.room && <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 inline-flex items-center gap-1"><MapPin className="w-3 h-3" />{slot.room}</p>}
                                                     </div>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Error.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Error.tsx
index 49473245..bfa9d574 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Error.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Error.tsx
@@ -2,27 +2,23 @@ import { Head, Link, usePage } from '@inertiajs/react';
 import { ArrowLeft, LayoutGrid } from 'lucide-react';
 import AppLogo from '@/components/app-logo';
 import { ErrorArt } from '@/components/error-art';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import { dashboard } from '@/routes';
 
 interface AuthProps {
     user: { id: string } | null;
 }
 
-const INFO: Record<number, { title: string; message: string }> = {
-    403: { title: 'Accès refusé', message: "Vous n'avez pas l'autorisation d'accéder à cette page." },
-    404: { title: 'Page introuvable', message: "La page que vous recherchez n'existe pas ou a été déplacée." },
-    419: { title: 'Session expirée', message: 'Votre session a expiré. Veuillez vous reconnecter, puis réessayer.' },
-    429: { title: 'Trop de requêtes', message: 'Vous avez effectué trop de requêtes. Patientez un instant avant de réessayer.' },
-    500: { title: 'Erreur serveur', message: "Une erreur inattendue s'est produite. Réessayez dans un instant ; si le problème persiste, contactez l'administrateur de votre établissement." },
-    503: { title: 'Maintenance en cours', message: 'Le service est momentanément indisponible. Merci de revenir dans quelques instants.' },
-};
+const KNOWN_STATUSES = [403, 404, 419, 429, 500, 503];
 
 export default function ErrorPage({ status }: Readonly<{ status: number }>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const auth = (usePage().props as { auth?: AuthProps }).auth;
     const isAuthed = Boolean(auth?.user);
-    const info = INFO[status] ?? {
-        title: 'Une erreur est survenue',
-        message: "Quelque chose s'est mal passé. Veuillez réessayer.",
+    const group = KNOWN_STATUSES.includes(status) ? String(status) : 'fallback';
+    const info = {
+        title: t(`errors.${group}.title`),
+        message: t(`errors.${group}.message`),
     };
 
     return (
@@ -53,14 +49,14 @@ export default function ErrorPage({ status }: Readonly<{ status: number }>) {
                                 href={isAuthed ? dashboard() : '/'}
                                 className="inline-flex items-center justify-center gap-2 rounded-lg bg-blue-600 px-5 py-2.5 text-sm font-medium text-white transition hover:bg-blue-700"
                             >
-                                <LayoutGrid className="h-4 w-4" /> {isAuthed ? 'Tableau de bord' : "Retour à l'accueil"}
+                                <LayoutGrid className="h-4 w-4" /> {isAuthed ? t('errors.dashboard') : t('errors.home')}
                             </Link>
                             <button
                                 type="button"
                                 onClick={() => window.history.back()}
                                 className="inline-flex items-center justify-center gap-2 rounded-lg border border-gray-200 px-5 py-2.5 text-sm font-medium text-gray-700 transition hover:bg-gray-100 dark:border-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300 dark:hover:bg-gray-800"
                             >
-                                <ArrowLeft className="h-4 w-4" /> Page précédente
+                                <ArrowLeft className="h-4 w-4" /> {t('errors.previous')}
                             </button>
                         </div>
                     </div>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Examens/EvaluationTemplates/Create.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Examens/EvaluationTemplates/Create.tsx
index 3fde6f3c..a8abd546 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Examens/EvaluationTemplates/Create.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Examens/EvaluationTemplates/Create.tsx
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { Select, SelectContent, SelectItem, SelectTrigger, SelectValue } from '@/components/ui/select';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Props {
@@ -26,6 +27,7 @@ interface FormData {
 }
 
 export default function Create({ periods, evaluationTypes, classroomTypes, activeYear }: Readonly<Props>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const defaultPeriod = periods.find(p => p.is_current)?.id ?? periods[0]?.id ?? '';
 
     const [form, setForm]       = useState<FormData>({
@@ -63,18 +65,18 @@ export default function Create({ periods, evaluationTypes, classroomTypes, activ
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Nouveau modèle d'évaluation" />
+            <Head title={t('examens.templates.create.head')} />
 
             <div className="w-full space-y-6">
                 <div className="flex items-center gap-4">
                     <Button variant="outline" size="sm" className="gap-2" onClick={() => router.get(route('evaluation-templates.index'))}>
-                        <ArrowLeft className="w-4 h-4" /> Retour
+                        <ArrowLeft className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('common.actions.back')}
                     </Button>
                     <div>
-                        <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900">Nouveau modèle d'évaluation</h1>
+                        <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900">{t('examens.templates.create.title')}</h1>
                         <p className="text-gray-500 mt-1">
-                            {activeYear ? `Année : ${activeYear.year}` : ''}
-                            — Ce modèle sera ensuite déployé par classe et par matière.
+                            {activeYear ? `${t('examens.templates.index.year', { year: activeYear.year })} ` : ''}
+                            {t('examens.templates.create.subtitle')}
                         </p>
                     </div>
                 </div>
@@ -82,56 +84,56 @@ export default function Create({ periods, evaluationTypes, classroomTypes, activ
                 <div className="bg-white rounded-2xl shadow-sm ring-1 ring-gray-100 p-6 space-y-5">
 
                     <div className="grid grid-cols-1 sm:grid-cols-2 gap-5">
-                        {field('Nom *', 'name',
-                            <Input value={form.name} onChange={set('name')} placeholder="Ex: Devoir 1, Examen du trimestre..." className={errors.name ? 'border-red-400' : ''} />
+                        {field(t('examens.templates.form.name'), 'name',
+                            <Input value={form.name} onChange={set('name')} placeholder={t('examens.templates.form.name_ph')} className={errors.name ? 'border-red-400' : ''} />
                         )}
-                        {field('Période *', 'academic_period_id',
+                        {field(t('examens.templates.form.period'), 'academic_period_id',
                             <Select value={form.academic_period_id} onValueChange={v => setForm(p => ({ ...p, academic_period_id: v }))}>
                                 <SelectTrigger className={errors.academic_period_id ? 'border-red-400' : ''}><SelectValue /></SelectTrigger>
-                                <SelectContent>{periods.map(p => <SelectItem key={p.id} value={p.id}>{p.name}{p.is_current ? ' (en cours)' : ''}</SelectItem>)}</SelectContent>
+                                <SelectContent>{periods.map(p => <SelectItem key={p.id} value={p.id}>{p.name}{p.is_current ? ` (${t('examens.templates.form.current')})` : ''}</SelectItem>)}</SelectContent>
                             </Select>
                         )}
-                        {field('Type d\'évaluation *', 'evaluation_type_id',
+                        {field(t('examens.templates.form.eval_type'), 'evaluation_type_id',
                             <Select value={form.evaluation_type_id} onValueChange={v => setForm(p => ({ ...p, evaluation_type_id: v }))}>
                                 <SelectTrigger className={errors.evaluation_type_id ? 'border-red-400' : ''}><SelectValue /></SelectTrigger>
-                                <SelectContent>{evaluationTypes.map(t => <SelectItem key={t.id} value={t.id}>{t.name}</SelectItem>)}</SelectContent>
+                                <SelectContent>{evaluationTypes.map(et => <SelectItem key={et.id} value={et.id}>{et.name}</SelectItem>)}</SelectContent>
                             </Select>
                         )}
-                        {field('Type de classe', 'class_type_id',
+                        {field(t('examens.templates.form.class_type'), 'class_type_id',
                             <Select value={form.class_type_id} onValueChange={v => setForm(p => ({ ...p, class_type_id: v }))}>
                                 <SelectTrigger className={errors.class_type_id ? 'border-red-400' : ''}><SelectValue /></SelectTrigger>
                                 <SelectContent>
-                                    <SelectItem value="all">Tous les types</SelectItem>
-                                    {classroomTypes.map(t => <SelectItem key={t.id} value={t.id}>{t.name}</SelectItem>)}
+                                    <SelectItem value="all">{t('examens.templates.form.all_types')}</SelectItem>
+                                    {classroomTypes.map(ct => <SelectItem key={ct.id} value={ct.id}>{ct.name}</SelectItem>)}
                                 </SelectContent>
                             </Select>
                         )}
-                        {field('Coefficient *', 'coefficient',
+                        {field(t('examens.templates.form.coefficient'), 'coefficient',
                             <Input type="number" min={0.25} max={99} step={0.25} value={form.coefficient} onChange={set('coefficient')} className={errors.coefficient ? 'border-red-400' : ''} />
                         )}
-                        {field('Barème (note max) *', 'max_score',
+                        {field(t('examens.templates.form.scale'), 'max_score',
                             <Input type="number" min={1} max={1000} step={1} value={form.max_score} onChange={set('max_score')} className={errors.max_score ? 'border-red-400' : ''} />
                         )}
-                        {field('Date indicative', 'date',
+                        {field(t('examens.templates.form.date'), 'date',
                             <Input type="date" value={form.date} onChange={set('date')} className={errors.date ? 'border-red-400' : ''} />
                         )}
                     </div>
 
-                    {field('Description', 'description',
+                    {field(t('examens.templates.form.description'), 'description',
                         <textarea
                             value={form.description}
                             onChange={set('description')}
                             rows={3}
-                            placeholder="Instructions, objectifs..."
+                            placeholder={t('examens.templates.form.description_ph')}
                             className="w-full px-3 py-2 text-sm border border-gray-300 rounded-lg focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-blue-500 resize-none"
                         />
                     )}
 
                     <div className="flex gap-3 pt-2">
                         <Button className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700" onClick={handleSubmit} disabled={submitting}>
-                            {submitting ? 'Enregistrement...' : 'Créer le modèle'}
+                            {submitting ? t('examens.templates.form.saving') : t('examens.templates.create.submit')}
                         </Button>
-                        <Button variant="outline" onClick={() => router.get(route('evaluation-templates.index'))}>Annuler</Button>
+                        <Button variant="outline" onClick={() => router.get(route('evaluation-templates.index'))}>{t('common.actions.cancel')}</Button>
                     </div>
                 </div>
             </div>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Examens/EvaluationTemplates/Edit.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Examens/EvaluationTemplates/Edit.tsx
index 8e5741bb..b2c5e755 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Examens/EvaluationTemplates/Edit.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Examens/EvaluationTemplates/Edit.tsx
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { Select, SelectContent, SelectItem, SelectTrigger, SelectValue } from '@/components/ui/select';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Template {
@@ -20,6 +21,7 @@ interface Props {
 }
 
 export default function Edit({ template, periods, evaluationTypes, classroomTypes }: Readonly<Props>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const [form, setForm] = useState({
         academic_period_id: template.academic_period_id,
         evaluation_type_id: template.evaluation_type_id,
@@ -55,61 +57,61 @@ export default function Edit({ template, periods, evaluationTypes, classroomType
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title={`Modifier : ${template.name}`} />
+            <Head title={t('examens.templates.edit.head', { name: template.name })} />
 
             <div className="w-full space-y-6">
                 <div className="flex items-center gap-4">
                     <Button variant="outline" size="sm" className="gap-2" onClick={() => router.get(route('evaluation-templates.show', template.id))}>
-                        <ArrowLeft className="w-4 h-4" /> Retour
+                        <ArrowLeft className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('common.actions.back')}
                     </Button>
-                    <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900">Modifier le modèle</h1>
+                    <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900">{t('examens.templates.edit.title')}</h1>
                 </div>
 
                 <div className="bg-white rounded-2xl shadow-sm ring-1 ring-gray-100 p-6 space-y-5">
                     <div className="grid grid-cols-1 sm:grid-cols-2 gap-5">
-                        {field('Nom *', 'name',
+                        {field(t('examens.templates.form.name'), 'name',
                             <Input value={form.name} onChange={set('name')} className={errors.name ? 'border-red-400' : ''} />
                         )}
-                        {field('Période *', 'academic_period_id',
+                        {field(t('examens.templates.form.period'), 'academic_period_id',
                             <Select value={form.academic_period_id} onValueChange={v => setForm(p => ({ ...p, academic_period_id: v }))}>
                                 <SelectTrigger><SelectValue /></SelectTrigger>
                                 <SelectContent>{periods.map(p => <SelectItem key={p.id} value={p.id}>{p.name}</SelectItem>)}</SelectContent>
                             </Select>
                         )}
-                        {field('Type *', 'evaluation_type_id',
+                        {field(t('examens.templates.form.eval_type_short'), 'evaluation_type_id',
                             <Select value={form.evaluation_type_id} onValueChange={v => setForm(p => ({ ...p, evaluation_type_id: v }))}>
                                 <SelectTrigger><SelectValue /></SelectTrigger>
-                                <SelectContent>{evaluationTypes.map(t => <SelectItem key={t.id} value={t.id}>{t.name}</SelectItem>)}</SelectContent>
+                                <SelectContent>{evaluationTypes.map(et => <SelectItem key={et.id} value={et.id}>{et.name}</SelectItem>)}</SelectContent>
                             </Select>
                         )}
-                        {field('Type de classe', 'class_type_id',
+                        {field(t('examens.templates.form.class_type'), 'class_type_id',
                             <Select value={form.class_type_id} onValueChange={v => setForm(p => ({ ...p, class_type_id: v }))}>
                                 <SelectTrigger><SelectValue /></SelectTrigger>
                                 <SelectContent>
-                                    <SelectItem value="all">Tous les types</SelectItem>
-                                    {classroomTypes.map(t => <SelectItem key={t.id} value={t.id}>{t.name}</SelectItem>)}
+                                    <SelectItem value="all">{t('examens.templates.form.all_types')}</SelectItem>
+                                    {classroomTypes.map(ct => <SelectItem key={ct.id} value={ct.id}>{ct.name}</SelectItem>)}
                                 </SelectContent>
                             </Select>
                         )}
-                        {field('Coefficient *', 'coefficient',
+                        {field(t('examens.templates.form.coefficient'), 'coefficient',
                             <Input type="number" min={0.25} max={99} step={0.25} value={form.coefficient} onChange={set('coefficient')} />
                         )}
-                        {field('Barème *', 'max_score',
+                        {field(t('examens.templates.form.scale_short'), 'max_score',
                             <Input type="number" min={1} max={1000} step={1} value={form.max_score} onChange={set('max_score')} />
                         )}
-                        {field('Date indicative', 'date',
+                        {field(t('examens.templates.form.date'), 'date',
                             <Input type="date" value={form.date} onChange={set('date')} />
                         )}
                     </div>
-                    {field('Description', 'description',
+                    {field(t('examens.templates.form.description'), 'description',
                         <textarea value={form.description} onChange={set('description')} rows={3}
                             className="w-full px-3 py-2 text-sm border border-gray-300 rounded-lg focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-blue-500 resize-none" />
                     )}
                     <div className="flex gap-3 pt-2">
                         <Button className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700" onClick={handleSubmit} disabled={submitting}>
-                            {submitting ? 'Enregistrement...' : 'Sauvegarder'}
+                            {submitting ? t('examens.templates.form.saving') : t('examens.templates.edit.submit')}
                         </Button>
-                        <Button variant="outline" onClick={() => router.get(route('evaluation-templates.show', template.id))}>Annuler</Button>
+                        <Button variant="outline" onClick={() => router.get(route('evaluation-templates.show', template.id))}>{t('common.actions.cancel')}</Button>
                     </div>
                 </div>
             </div>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Examens/EvaluationTemplates/Index.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Examens/EvaluationTemplates/Index.tsx
index 44b5c3dc..90f204d9 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Examens/EvaluationTemplates/Index.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Examens/EvaluationTemplates/Index.tsx
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { Select, SelectContent, SelectItem, SelectTrigger, SelectValue } from '@/components/ui/select';
 import { Table, TableBody, TableCell, TableHead, TableHeader, TableRow } from '@/components/ui/table';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Template {
@@ -34,6 +35,8 @@ interface Props {
 }
 
 export default function Index({ templates, periods, activeYear, filters }: Readonly<Props>) {
+    const { t, locale } = useTranslation();
+    const dateLocale = locale === 'en' ? 'en-GB' : 'fr-FR';
     const [search, setSearch]     = useState(filters.search ?? '');
     const [periodId, setPeriodId] = useState(filters.period_id ?? 'all');
     const [deleteId, setDeleteId] = useState<string | null>(null);
@@ -54,20 +57,20 @@ export default function Index({ templates, periods, activeYear, filters }: Reado
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Modèles d'évaluation" />
+            <Head title={t('examens.templates.index.head')} />
 
             <div className="w-full space-y-6">
 
                 {/* Header */}
                 <div className="flex items-start justify-between">
                     <div>
-                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3"><ListChecks className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />Modèles d'évaluation</h1>
+                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3"><ListChecks className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />{t('examens.templates.index.title')}</h1>
                         <p className="mt-2 text-lg text-gray-600">
-                            {activeYear ? `Année : ${activeYear.year}` : 'Définissez les examens globaux avant de les déployer par classe'}
+                            {activeYear ? t('examens.templates.index.year', { year: activeYear.year }) : t('examens.templates.index.subtitle_default')}
                         </p>
                     </div>
                     <Button className="gap-2 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700" onClick={() => router.get(route('evaluation-templates.create'))}>
-                        <Plus className="w-5 h-5" /> Nouveau modèle
+                        <Plus className="w-5 h-5" /> {t('examens.templates.index.new')}
                     </Button>
                 </div>
 
@@ -79,7 +82,7 @@ export default function Index({ templates, periods, activeYear, filters }: Reado
                             value={search}
                             onChange={e => setSearch(e.target.value)}
                             onKeyDown={e => e.key === 'Enter' && apply()}
-                            placeholder="Rechercher un modèle..."
+                            placeholder={t('examens.templates.index.search_ph')}
                             className="pl-9"
                         />
                         {search && (
@@ -90,14 +93,14 @@ export default function Index({ templates, periods, activeYear, filters }: Reado
                     </div>
                     <Select value={periodId} onValueChange={v => { setPeriodId(v); apply({ period_id: v }); }}>
                         <SelectTrigger className="w-52">
-                            <SelectValue placeholder="Période" />
+                            <SelectValue placeholder={t('examens.templates.index.period')} />
                         </SelectTrigger>
                         <SelectContent>
-                            <SelectItem value="all">Toutes les périodes</SelectItem>
+                            <SelectItem value="all">{t('examens.templates.index.all_periods')}</SelectItem>
                             {periods.map(p => <SelectItem key={p.id} value={p.id}>{p.name}</SelectItem>)}
                         </SelectContent>
                     </Select>
-                    <Button onClick={() => apply()} className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700">Filtrer</Button>
+                    <Button onClick={() => apply()} className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700">{t('examens.templates.index.filter')}</Button>
                 </div>
 
                 {/* Table */}
@@ -105,14 +108,14 @@ export default function Index({ templates, periods, activeYear, filters }: Reado
                     <Table>
                         <TableHeader className="bg-gray-50">
                             <TableRow>
-                                <TableHead>Nom du modèle</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead>Type</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead>Période</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="text-center">Coeff.</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="text-center">Barème</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead>Date indicative</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="text-center">Déployé</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="text-center w-32">Actions</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead>{t('examens.templates.index.col_name')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead>{t('examens.templates.index.col_type')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead>{t('examens.templates.index.col_period')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="text-center">{t('examens.templates.index.col_coeff')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="text-center">{t('examens.templates.index.col_scale')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead>{t('examens.templates.index.col_date')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="text-center">{t('examens.templates.index.col_deployed')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="text-center w-32">{t('examens.templates.index.col_actions')}</TableHead>
                             </TableRow>
                         </TableHeader>
                         <TableBody>
@@ -120,34 +123,34 @@ export default function Index({ templates, periods, activeYear, filters }: Reado
                                 <TableRow>
                                     <TableCell colSpan={8} className="py-16 text-center text-gray-400">
                                         <Layers className="w-10 h-10 mx-auto mb-2 opacity-30" />
-                                        Aucun modèle d'évaluation. Créez-en un pour commencer.
+                                        {t('examens.templates.index.empty')}
                                     </TableCell>
                                 </TableRow>
-                            ) : templates.data.map(t => (
-                                <TableRow key={t.id} className="hover:bg-blue-50/30 transition-colors">
-                                    <TableCell className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t.name}</TableCell>
-                                    <TableCell className="text-gray-600">{t.evaluation_type?.name}</TableCell>
-                                    <TableCell className="text-gray-600">{t.academic_period?.name}</TableCell>
-                                    <TableCell className="text-center font-mono">{Number(t.coefficient).toFixed(2)}</TableCell>
-                                    <TableCell className="text-center font-mono">/{Number(t.max_score).toFixed(0)}</TableCell>
+                            ) : templates.data.map(tpl => (
+                                <TableRow key={tpl.id} className="hover:bg-blue-50/30 transition-colors">
+                                    <TableCell className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{tpl.name}</TableCell>
+                                    <TableCell className="text-gray-600">{tpl.evaluation_type?.name}</TableCell>
+                                    <TableCell className="text-gray-600">{tpl.academic_period?.name}</TableCell>
+                                    <TableCell className="text-center font-mono">{Number(tpl.coefficient).toFixed(2)}</TableCell>
+                                    <TableCell className="text-center font-mono">/{Number(tpl.max_score).toFixed(0)}</TableCell>
                                     <TableCell className="text-gray-500 text-sm">
-                                        {t.date ? new Date(t.date).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR') : '—'}
+                                        {tpl.date ? new Date(tpl.date).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale) : '—'}
                                     </TableCell>
                                     <TableCell className="text-center">
                                         <span className={`inline-flex items-center gap-1 px-2 py-0.5 rounded-full text-xs font-medium ${
-                                            t.evaluations_count > 0
+                                            tpl.evaluations_count > 0
                                                 ? 'bg-emerald-100 text-emerald-700'
                                                 : 'bg-gray-100 text-gray-500'
                                         }`}>
                                             <Layers className="w-3 h-3" />
-                                            {t.evaluations_count} classe{t.evaluations_count > 1 ? 's' : ''}
+                                            {t('examens.templates.index.classes_count', { count: tpl.evaluations_count })}
                                         </span>
                                     </TableCell>
                                     <TableCell>
                                         <div className="flex justify-center gap-1.5">
-                                            <IconButton label="Voir" icon={<Eye className="w-4 h-4" />} onClick={() => router.get(route('evaluation-templates.show', t.id))} />
-                                            <IconButton label="Modifier" icon={<Pencil className="w-4 h-4" />} onClick={() => router.get(route('evaluation-templates.edit', t.id))} />
-                                            <IconButton label="Supprimer" icon={<Trash2 className="w-4 h-4" />} className="border-red-200 text-red-500 hover:bg-red-50" onClick={() => setDeleteId(t.id)} />
+                                            <IconButton label={t('common.actions.view')} icon={<Eye className="w-4 h-4" />} onClick={() => router.get(route('evaluation-templates.show', tpl.id))} />
+                                            <IconButton label={t('common.actions.edit')} icon={<Pencil className="w-4 h-4" />} onClick={() => router.get(route('evaluation-templates.edit', tpl.id))} />
+                                            <IconButton label={t('common.actions.delete')} icon={<Trash2 className="w-4 h-4" />} className="border-red-200 text-red-500 hover:bg-red-50" onClick={() => setDeleteId(tpl.id)} />
                                         </div>
                                     </TableCell>
                                 </TableRow>
@@ -156,21 +159,21 @@ export default function Index({ templates, periods, activeYear, filters }: Reado
                     </Table>
                 </div>
 
-                <p className="text-sm text-gray-400 text-right">{templates.total} modèle(s) au total</p>
+                <p className="text-sm text-gray-400 text-right">{t('examens.templates.index.total', { count: templates.total })}</p>
             </div>
 
             <AlertDialog open={!!deleteId} onOpenChange={() => setDeleteId(null)}>
                 <AlertDialogContent>
                     <AlertDialogHeader>
-                        <AlertDialogTitle>Supprimer ce modèle ?</AlertDialogTitle>
+                        <AlertDialogTitle>{t('examens.templates.index.delete_title')}</AlertDialogTitle>
                         <AlertDialogDescription>
-                            Toutes les évaluations et notes associées seront supprimées. Action irréversible.
+                            {t('examens.templates.index.delete_desc')}
                         </AlertDialogDescription>
                     </AlertDialogHeader>
                     <div className="flex justify-end gap-2">
-                        <AlertDialogCancel>Annuler</AlertDialogCancel>
+                        <AlertDialogCancel>{t('common.actions.cancel')}</AlertDialogCancel>
                         <AlertDialogAction className="bg-red-600 hover:bg-red-700" onClick={() => deleteId && onDelete(deleteId)}>
-                            Supprimer
+                            {t('common.actions.delete')}
                         </AlertDialogAction>
                     </div>
                 </AlertDialogContent>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Examens/EvaluationTemplates/Show.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Examens/EvaluationTemplates/Show.tsx
index 98de941f..6753bb74 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Examens/EvaluationTemplates/Show.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Examens/EvaluationTemplates/Show.tsx
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { Table, TableBody, TableCell, TableHead, TableHeader, TableRow } from '@/components/ui/table';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface ClassSubject {
@@ -46,6 +47,8 @@ interface Props {
 }
 
 export default function Show({ template, evaluations, availableClassSubjects, activeYear }: Readonly<Props>) {
+    const { t, locale } = useTranslation();
+    const dateLocale = locale === 'en' ? 'en-GB' : 'fr-FR';
     const [selected, setSelected]         = useState<string[]>([]);
     const [dates, setDates]               = useState<Record<string, string>>({});
     const [generating, setGenerating]     = useState(false);
@@ -96,11 +99,11 @@ export default function Show({ template, evaluations, availableClassSubjects, ac
         });
     };
 
-    const statusLabel = (s: string) => s === 'completed' ? 'Terminée' : 'Planifiée';
+    const statusLabel = (s: string) => s === 'completed' ? t('examens.templates.show.status_completed') : t('examens.templates.show.status_scheduled');
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title={`Modèle : ${template.name}`} />
+            <Head title={t('examens.templates.show.head', { name: template.name })} />
 
             <div className="w-full space-y-6">
 
@@ -108,22 +111,22 @@ export default function Show({ template, evaluations, availableClassSubjects, ac
                 <div className="flex items-start justify-between gap-4 flex-wrap">
                     <div className="flex items-center gap-4">
                         <Button variant="outline" size="sm" className="gap-2" onClick={() => router.get(route('evaluation-templates.index'))}>
-                            <ArrowLeft className="w-4 h-4" /> Retour
+                            <ArrowLeft className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('common.actions.back')}
                         </Button>
                         <div>
                             <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900">{template.name}</h1>
                             <p className="text-gray-500 mt-1">
                                 {template.academic_period.name} · {template.evaluation_type.name}
-                                · Coeff. {Number(template.coefficient).toFixed(2)}
+                                · {t('examens.templates.index.col_coeff')} {Number(template.coefficient).toFixed(2)}
                                 · /{Number(template.max_score).toFixed(0)}
-                                {template.date && ` · ${new Date(template.date).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR')}`}
+                                {template.date && ` · ${new Date(template.date).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale)}`}
                             </p>
                             {template.description && <p className="text-sm text-gray-400 mt-1 italic">{template.description}</p>}
                         </div>
                     </div>
                     <div className="flex gap-2">
                         <Button variant="outline" className="gap-2" onClick={() => router.get(route('evaluation-templates.edit', template.id))}>
-                            <Pencil className="w-4 h-4" /> Modifier
+                            <Pencil className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('common.actions.edit')}
                         </Button>
                         <Button
                             className="gap-2 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700"
@@ -131,7 +134,7 @@ export default function Show({ template, evaluations, availableClassSubjects, ac
                             disabled={availableClassSubjects.length === 0}
                         >
                             <Plus className="w-4 h-4" />
-                            Déployer vers des classes
+                            {t('examens.templates.show.deploy')}
                             {availableClassSubjects.length > 0 && (
                                 <span className="ml-1 bg-white/20 rounded px-1.5 text-xs">{availableClassSubjects.length}</span>
                             )}
@@ -144,11 +147,11 @@ export default function Show({ template, evaluations, availableClassSubjects, ac
                     <div className="bg-amber-50 ring-1 ring-amber-200 rounded-2xl p-4 flex gap-3">
                         <AlertTriangle className="w-5 h-5 text-amber-600 shrink-0 mt-0.5" />
                         <div>
-                            <p className="font-semibold text-amber-800">Aucune année académique active</p>
+                            <p className="font-semibold text-amber-800">{t('examens.templates.show.no_active_year')}</p>
                             <p className="text-sm text-amber-600 mt-0.5">
-                                Activez une année académique pour pouvoir déployer ce modèle.{' '}
+                                {t('examens.templates.show.no_active_year_hint')}{' '}
                                 <button onClick={() => router.get(route('academic-years.index'))} className="underline font-medium">
-                                    Gérer les années académiques
+                                    {t('examens.templates.show.manage_years')}
                                 </button>
                             </p>
                         </div>
@@ -158,11 +161,11 @@ export default function Show({ template, evaluations, availableClassSubjects, ac
                     <div className="bg-amber-50 ring-1 ring-amber-200 rounded-2xl p-4 flex gap-3">
                         <AlertTriangle className="w-5 h-5 text-amber-600 shrink-0 mt-0.5" />
                         <div>
-                            <p className="font-semibold text-amber-800">Aucune classe/matière disponible</p>
+                            <p className="font-semibold text-amber-800">{t('examens.templates.show.no_classes')}</p>
                             <p className="text-sm text-amber-600 mt-0.5">
-                                Aucune affectation classe/matière n'existe pour l'année académique active.{' '}
+                                {t('examens.templates.show.no_classes_hint')}{' '}
                                 <button onClick={() => router.get(route('classrooms.index'))} className="underline font-medium">
-                                    Configurer les classes
+                                    {t('examens.templates.show.configure_classes')}
                                 </button>
                             </p>
                         </div>
@@ -172,7 +175,7 @@ export default function Show({ template, evaluations, availableClassSubjects, ac
                     <div className="bg-emerald-50 ring-1 ring-emerald-200 rounded-2xl p-4 flex gap-2 items-center">
                         <CheckCircle2 className="w-5 h-5 text-emerald-600 shrink-0" />
                         <p className="text-sm text-emerald-700 font-medium">
-                            Toutes les classes/matières de l'année active ont déjà été déployées pour ce modèle.
+                            {t('examens.templates.show.all_deployed')}
                         </p>
                     </div>
                 )}
@@ -183,18 +186,18 @@ export default function Show({ template, evaluations, availableClassSubjects, ac
                         <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
                             <h3 className="font-semibold text-blue-900 flex items-center gap-2">
                                 <Layers className="w-4 h-4" />
-                                Sélectionner les classes/matières à déployer
+                                {t('examens.templates.show.select_title')}
                             </h3>
                             <button onClick={selectAll} className="text-xs text-blue-600 hover:underline">
-                                {selected.length === availableClassSubjects.length ? 'Tout désélectionner' : 'Tout sélectionner'}
+                                {selected.length === availableClassSubjects.length ? t('examens.templates.show.deselect_all') : t('examens.templates.show.select_all')}
                             </button>
                         </div>
 
                         {/* En-tête colonnes */}
                         <div className="hidden sm:grid grid-cols-[1fr_1fr_160px] gap-2 px-3 text-xs font-semibold text-blue-700 uppercase tracking-wide">
-                            <span>Classe</span>
-                            <span>Matière · coeff.</span>
-                            <span className="flex items-center gap-1"><Calendar className="w-3 h-3" /> Date planifiée</span>
+                            <span>{t('examens.templates.show.col_class')}</span>
+                            <span>{t('examens.templates.show.col_subject_coeff')}</span>
+                            <span className="flex items-center gap-1"><Calendar className="w-3 h-3" /> {t('examens.templates.show.col_planned_date')}</span>
                         </div>
 
                         <div className="space-y-2 max-h-72 overflow-y-auto pr-1">
@@ -218,7 +221,7 @@ export default function Show({ template, evaluations, availableClassSubjects, ac
                                         </label>
                                         <span className="text-sm text-gray-600 pl-7 sm:pl-0">
                                             {cs.subject.name}
-                                            <span className="ml-1 text-xs text-gray-400">· coeff. {cs.coefficient}</span>
+                                            <span className="ml-1 text-xs text-gray-400">· {t('examens.templates.show.coeff', { n: cs.coefficient })}</span>
                                         </span>
                                         <Input
                                             type="date"
@@ -234,8 +237,8 @@ export default function Show({ template, evaluations, availableClassSubjects, ac
 
                         {selected.length > 0 && (
                             <p className="text-xs text-blue-700 font-medium">
-                                {selected.length} classe{selected.length > 1 ? 's' : ''} sélectionnée{selected.length > 1 ? 's' : ''}
-                                {selected.filter(id => dates[id]).length > 0 && ` · ${selected.filter(id => dates[id]).length} avec date planifiée`}
+                                {t('examens.templates.show.selected_summary', { count: selected.length })}
+                                {selected.filter(id => dates[id]).length > 0 && ` · ${t('examens.templates.show.with_date', { count: selected.filter(id => dates[id]).length })}`}
                             </p>
                         )}
 
@@ -246,9 +249,9 @@ export default function Show({ template, evaluations, availableClassSubjects, ac
                                 onClick={handleGenerate}
                             >
                                 <Play className="w-4 h-4" />
-                                {generating ? 'Génération...' : `Générer ${selected.length} évaluation${selected.length > 1 ? 's' : ''}`}
+                                {generating ? t('examens.templates.show.generating') : t('examens.templates.show.generate', { count: selected.length })}
                             </Button>
-                            <Button variant="outline" onClick={() => { setShowSelector(false); setSelected([]); setDates({}); }}>Annuler</Button>
+                            <Button variant="outline" onClick={() => { setShowSelector(false); setSelected([]); setDates({}); }}>{t('common.actions.cancel')}</Button>
                         </div>
                     </div>
                 )}
@@ -258,26 +261,26 @@ export default function Show({ template, evaluations, availableClassSubjects, ac
                     <div className="px-6 py-4 border-b border-gray-100 flex items-center justify-between">
                         <h2 className="font-semibold text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-2">
                             <ClipboardList className="w-5 h-5 text-blue-500" />
-                            Évaluations générées
+                            {t('examens.templates.show.generated')}
                             <span className="ml-2 bg-blue-100 text-blue-700 text-xs font-medium px-2 py-0.5 rounded-full">{evaluations.length}</span>
                         </h2>
                     </div>
                     {evaluations.length === 0 ? (
                         <div className="py-16 text-center text-gray-400">
                             <BookOpen className="w-10 h-10 mx-auto mb-2 opacity-30" />
-                            <p>Aucune évaluation déployée. Utilisez le bouton ci-dessus pour déployer ce modèle.</p>
+                            <p>{t('examens.templates.show.empty')}</p>
                         </div>
                     ) : (
                         <Table>
                             <TableHeader className="bg-gray-50">
                                 <TableRow>
-                                    <TableHead>Classe</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead>Matière</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead className="text-center">Coeff. matière</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead>Date</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead>Statut</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead className="text-center">Progression</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead className="text-center w-32">Actions</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead>{t('examens.templates.show.col_class')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead>{t('examens.templates.show.col_subject')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="text-center">{t('examens.templates.show.col_subject_coeff2')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead>{t('examens.templates.show.col_date')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead>{t('examens.templates.show.col_status')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="text-center">{t('examens.templates.show.col_progress')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="text-center w-32">{t('examens.templates.show.col_actions')}</TableHead>
                                 </TableRow>
                             </TableHeader>
                             <TableBody>
@@ -292,7 +295,7 @@ export default function Show({ template, evaluations, availableClassSubjects, ac
                                             <TableCell className="text-gray-600">{ev.class_subject.subject.name}</TableCell>
                                             <TableCell className="text-center font-mono text-gray-600">{ev.class_subject.coefficient}</TableCell>
                                             <TableCell className="text-gray-500 text-sm">
-                                                {ev.date ? new Date(ev.date).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR') : '—'}
+                                                {ev.date ? new Date(ev.date).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale) : '—'}
                                             </TableCell>
                                             <TableCell>
                                                 <span className={`inline-flex items-center gap-1 px-2 py-0.5 rounded-full text-xs font-medium ${
@@ -321,7 +324,7 @@ export default function Show({ template, evaluations, availableClassSubjects, ac
                                                         variant="outline" size="sm" className="gap-1 text-xs"
                                                         onClick={() => router.get(route('marks.index', ev.id))}
                                                     >
-                                                        <ClipboardList className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> Notes
+                                                        <ClipboardList className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> {t('examens.templates.show.marks')}
                                                     </Button>
                                                     <Button
                                                         variant="outline" size="sm"
@@ -344,13 +347,13 @@ export default function Show({ template, evaluations, availableClassSubjects, ac
             <AlertDialog open={!!deleteId} onOpenChange={() => setDeleteId(null)}>
                 <AlertDialogContent>
                     <AlertDialogHeader>
-                        <AlertDialogTitle>Supprimer cette évaluation ?</AlertDialogTitle>
-                        <AlertDialogDescription>Toutes les notes saisies pour cette évaluation seront perdues.</AlertDialogDescription>
+                        <AlertDialogTitle>{t('examens.templates.show.delete_eval_title')}</AlertDialogTitle>
+                        <AlertDialogDescription>{t('examens.templates.show.delete_eval_desc')}</AlertDialogDescription>
                     </AlertDialogHeader>
                     <div className="flex justify-end gap-2">
-                        <AlertDialogCancel>Annuler</AlertDialogCancel>
+                        <AlertDialogCancel>{t('common.actions.cancel')}</AlertDialogCancel>
                         <AlertDialogAction className="bg-red-600 hover:bg-red-700" onClick={() => deleteId && onDeleteEval(deleteId)}>
-                            Supprimer
+                            {t('common.actions.delete')}
                         </AlertDialogAction>
                     </div>
                 </AlertDialogContent>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Examens/Evaluations/Index.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Examens/Evaluations/Index.tsx
index 3936760d..51ebf65e 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Examens/Evaluations/Index.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Examens/Evaluations/Index.tsx
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { Select, SelectContent, SelectItem, SelectTrigger, SelectValue } from '@/components/ui/select';
 import { Table, TableBody, TableCell, TableHead, TableHeader, TableRow } from '@/components/ui/table';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface EvalRow {
@@ -49,6 +50,8 @@ interface Props {
 const ALL = 'all';
 
 export default function Index({ evaluations, filters, options, canLock }: Readonly<Props>) {
+    const { t, locale } = useTranslation();
+    const dateLocale = locale === 'en' ? 'en-GB' : 'fr-FR';
     const [search, setSearch]   = useState(filters.search ?? '');
     const [status, setStatus]   = useState(filters.status || ALL);
     const [classId, setClassId] = useState(filters.class_id || ALL);
@@ -93,20 +96,20 @@ export default function Index({ evaluations, filters, options, canLock }: Readon
         router.patch(route('evaluations.toggle-lock', id), {}, { preserveScroll: true });
     };
 
-    const statusLabel = (s: string) => s === 'completed' ? 'Terminée' : 'Planifiée';
+    const statusLabel = (s: string) => s === 'completed' ? t('examens.evaluations.index.completed') : t('examens.evaluations.index.scheduled');
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Évaluations par classe" />
+            <Head title={t('examens.evaluations.index.head')} />
 
             <div className="w-full space-y-6">
 
                 {/* Header */}
                 <div className="flex items-start justify-between">
                     <div>
-                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3"><ClipboardList className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />Évaluations par classe</h1>
+                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3"><ClipboardList className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />{t('examens.evaluations.index.title')}</h1>
                         <p className="mt-2 text-lg text-gray-600">
-                            Évaluations générées depuis les modèles, par classe et matière
+                            {t('examens.evaluations.index.subtitle')}
                         </p>
                     </div>
                     <Button
@@ -115,7 +118,7 @@ export default function Index({ evaluations, filters, options, canLock }: Readon
                         onClick={() => router.get(route('evaluation-templates.index'))}
                     >
                         <ListChecks className="w-4 h-4" />
-                        Gérer les modèles
+                        {t('examens.evaluations.index.manage_templates')}
                     </Button>
                 </div>
 
@@ -128,7 +131,7 @@ export default function Index({ evaluations, filters, options, canLock }: Readon
                                 value={search}
                                 onChange={e => setSearch(e.target.value)}
                                 onKeyDown={e => e.key === 'Enter' && apply()}
-                                placeholder="Classe, matière, modèle..."
+                                placeholder={t('examens.evaluations.index.search_ph')}
                                 className="pl-9"
                             />
                             {search && (
@@ -139,65 +142,65 @@ export default function Index({ evaluations, filters, options, canLock }: Readon
                         </div>
 
                         <Select value={classId} onValueChange={v => { setClassId(v); apply({ class_id: v }); }}>
-                            <SelectTrigger className="w-44"><SelectValue placeholder="Classe" /></SelectTrigger>
+                            <SelectTrigger className="w-44"><SelectValue placeholder={t('examens.evaluations.index.class')} /></SelectTrigger>
                             <SelectContent>
-                                <SelectItem value={ALL}>Toutes les classes</SelectItem>
+                                <SelectItem value={ALL}>{t('examens.evaluations.index.all_classes')}</SelectItem>
                                 {options.classrooms.map(c => <SelectItem key={c.id} value={c.id}>{c.name}{c.code ? ` (${c.code})` : ''}</SelectItem>)}
                             </SelectContent>
                         </Select>
 
                         <Select value={subjectId} onValueChange={v => { setSubjectId(v); apply({ subject_id: v }); }}>
-                            <SelectTrigger className="w-44"><SelectValue placeholder="Matière" /></SelectTrigger>
+                            <SelectTrigger className="w-44"><SelectValue placeholder={t('examens.evaluations.index.subject')} /></SelectTrigger>
                             <SelectContent>
-                                <SelectItem value={ALL}>Toutes les matières</SelectItem>
+                                <SelectItem value={ALL}>{t('examens.evaluations.index.all_subjects')}</SelectItem>
                                 {options.subjects.map(s => <SelectItem key={s.id} value={s.id}>{s.name}</SelectItem>)}
                             </SelectContent>
                         </Select>
 
                         <Select value={evalTypeId} onValueChange={v => { setEvalTypeId(v); apply({ evaluation_type_id: v }); }}>
-                            <SelectTrigger className="w-44"><SelectValue placeholder="Type" /></SelectTrigger>
+                            <SelectTrigger className="w-44"><SelectValue placeholder={t('examens.evaluations.index.type')} /></SelectTrigger>
                             <SelectContent>
-                                <SelectItem value={ALL}>Tous les types</SelectItem>
-                                {options.evaluationTypes.map(t => <SelectItem key={t.id} value={t.id}>{t.name}</SelectItem>)}
+                                <SelectItem value={ALL}>{t('examens.evaluations.index.all_types')}</SelectItem>
+                                {options.evaluationTypes.map(et => <SelectItem key={et.id} value={et.id}>{et.name}</SelectItem>)}
                             </SelectContent>
                         </Select>
 
                         {options.periods.length > 0 && (
                             <Select value={periodId} onValueChange={v => { setPeriodId(v); apply({ period_id: v }); }}>
-                                <SelectTrigger className="w-40"><SelectValue placeholder="Période" /></SelectTrigger>
+                                <SelectTrigger className="w-40"><SelectValue placeholder={t('examens.evaluations.index.period')} /></SelectTrigger>
                                 <SelectContent>
-                                    <SelectItem value={ALL}>Toutes les périodes</SelectItem>
+                                    <SelectItem value={ALL}>{t('examens.evaluations.index.all_periods')}</SelectItem>
                                     {options.periods.map(p => <SelectItem key={p.id} value={p.id}>{p.name}</SelectItem>)}
                                 </SelectContent>
                             </Select>
                         )}
 
                         <Select value={status} onValueChange={v => { setStatus(v); apply({ status: v }); }}>
-                            <SelectTrigger className="w-40"><SelectValue placeholder="Statut" /></SelectTrigger>
+                            <SelectTrigger className="w-40"><SelectValue placeholder={t('examens.evaluations.index.status')} /></SelectTrigger>
                             <SelectContent>
-                                <SelectItem value={ALL}>Tous les statuts</SelectItem>
-                                <SelectItem value="scheduled">Planifiée</SelectItem>
-                                <SelectItem value="completed">Terminée</SelectItem>
+                                <SelectItem value={ALL}>{t('examens.evaluations.index.all_statuses')}</SelectItem>
+                                <SelectItem value="scheduled">{t('examens.evaluations.index.scheduled')}</SelectItem>
+                                <SelectItem value="completed">{t('examens.evaluations.index.completed')}</SelectItem>
                             </SelectContent>
                         </Select>
 
                         <Select value={scheduling} onValueChange={v => { setScheduling(v); apply({ scheduling: v }); }}>
-                            <SelectTrigger className="w-40"><SelectValue placeholder="Planification" /></SelectTrigger>
+                            <SelectTrigger className="w-40"><SelectValue placeholder={t('examens.evaluations.index.scheduling')} /></SelectTrigger>
                             <SelectContent>
-                                <SelectItem value={ALL}>Toutes</SelectItem>
-                                <SelectItem value="with">Avec date</SelectItem>
-                                <SelectItem value="without">Sans date</SelectItem>
+                                <SelectItem value={ALL}>{t('examens.evaluations.index.all')}</SelectItem>
+                                <SelectItem value="with">{t('examens.evaluations.index.with_date')}</SelectItem>
+                                <SelectItem value="without">{t('examens.evaluations.index.without_date')}</SelectItem>
                             </SelectContent>
                         </Select>
 
-                        <Button onClick={() => apply()} className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700">Filtrer</Button>
+                        <Button onClick={() => apply()} className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700">{t('examens.evaluations.index.filter')}</Button>
                     </div>
 
                     {activeFilterCount > 0 && (
                         <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
-                            <span className="text-xs text-gray-500">{activeFilterCount} filtre(s) actif(s)</span>
+                            <span className="text-xs text-gray-500">{t('examens.evaluations.index.active_filters', { count: activeFilterCount })}</span>
                             <button onClick={resetFilters} className="text-xs text-blue-600 hover:text-blue-700 inline-flex items-center gap-1">
-                                <X className="w-3 h-3" /> Réinitialiser
+                                <X className="w-3 h-3" /> {t('examens.evaluations.index.reset')}
                             </button>
                         </div>
                     )}
@@ -208,15 +211,15 @@ export default function Index({ evaluations, filters, options, canLock }: Readon
                     <Table>
                         <TableHeader className="bg-gray-50">
                             <TableRow>
-                                <TableHead>Modèle</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead>Classe</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead>Matière</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead>Période</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="text-center">Coeff.</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead>Date</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead>Statut</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="text-center">Progression</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="text-center w-36">Actions</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead>{t('examens.evaluations.index.col_template')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead>{t('examens.evaluations.index.col_class')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead>{t('examens.evaluations.index.col_subject')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead>{t('examens.evaluations.index.col_period')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="text-center">{t('examens.evaluations.index.col_coeff')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead>{t('examens.evaluations.index.col_date')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead>{t('examens.evaluations.index.col_status')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="text-center">{t('examens.evaluations.index.col_progress')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="text-center w-36">{t('examens.evaluations.index.col_actions')}</TableHead>
                             </TableRow>
                         </TableHeader>
                         <TableBody>
@@ -224,7 +227,7 @@ export default function Index({ evaluations, filters, options, canLock }: Readon
                                 <TableRow>
                                     <TableCell colSpan={9} className="py-16 text-center text-gray-400">
                                         <ListChecks className="w-10 h-10 mx-auto mb-2 opacity-30" />
-                                        Aucune évaluation. Créez des modèles et déployez-les par classe.
+                                        {t('examens.evaluations.index.empty')}
                                     </TableCell>
                                 </TableRow>
                             ) : evaluations.data.map(ev => {
@@ -236,7 +239,7 @@ export default function Index({ evaluations, filters, options, canLock }: Readon
                                             {ev.template?.name}
                                             {isLocked && (
                                                 <span className="ml-2 inline-flex items-center gap-0.5 px-1.5 py-0.5 rounded text-xs bg-red-100 text-red-600">
-                                                    <Lock className="w-3 h-3" /> Clôturée
+                                                    <Lock className="w-3 h-3" /> {t('examens.evaluations.index.locked')}
                                                 </span>
                                             )}
                                         </TableCell>
@@ -250,7 +253,7 @@ export default function Index({ evaluations, filters, options, canLock }: Readon
                                             {Number(ev.template?.coefficient).toFixed(2)}
                                         </TableCell>
                                         <TableCell className="text-gray-500 text-sm">
-                                            {ev.date ? new Date(ev.date).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR') : '—'}
+                                            {ev.date ? new Date(ev.date).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale) : '—'}
                                         </TableCell>
                                         <TableCell>
                                             <span className={`inline-flex items-center gap-1 px-2 py-0.5 rounded-full text-xs font-medium ${
@@ -279,11 +282,11 @@ export default function Index({ evaluations, filters, options, canLock }: Readon
                                                     variant="outline" size="sm" className="gap-1 text-xs"
                                                     onClick={() => router.get(route('marks.index', ev.id))}
                                                 >
-                                                    <ClipboardList className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> Notes
+                                                    <ClipboardList className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> {t('examens.evaluations.index.marks')}
                                                 </Button>
                                                 {canLock && (
                                                     <IconButton
-                                                        label={isLocked ? 'Déclôturer' : 'Clôturer'}
+                                                        label={isLocked ? t('examens.evaluations.index.unlock') : t('examens.evaluations.index.lock')}
                                                         icon={isLocked ? <Lock className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> : <LockOpen className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />}
                                                         className={isLocked
                                                             ? 'border-red-200 text-red-500 hover:bg-red-50'
@@ -293,7 +296,7 @@ export default function Index({ evaluations, filters, options, canLock }: Readon
                                                     />
                                                 )}
                                                 <IconButton
-                                                    label="Supprimer"
+                                                    label={t('common.actions.delete')}
                                                     icon={<Trash2 className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />}
                                                     className="border-red-200 text-red-500 hover:bg-red-50"
                                                     onClick={() => setDeleteId(ev.id)}
@@ -307,19 +310,19 @@ export default function Index({ evaluations, filters, options, canLock }: Readon
                     </Table>
                 </div>
 
-                <p className="text-sm text-gray-400 text-right">{evaluations.total} évaluation(s) au total</p>
+                <p className="text-sm text-gray-400 text-right">{t('examens.evaluations.index.total', { count: evaluations.total })}</p>
             </div>
 
             <AlertDialog open={!!deleteId} onOpenChange={() => setDeleteId(null)}>
                 <AlertDialogContent>
                     <AlertDialogHeader>
-                        <AlertDialogTitle>Supprimer cette évaluation ?</AlertDialogTitle>
-                        <AlertDialogDescription>Toutes les notes associées seront perdues.</AlertDialogDescription>
+                        <AlertDialogTitle>{t('examens.evaluations.index.delete_title')}</AlertDialogTitle>
+                        <AlertDialogDescription>{t('examens.evaluations.index.delete_desc')}</AlertDialogDescription>
                     </AlertDialogHeader>
                     <div className="flex justify-end gap-2">
-                        <AlertDialogCancel>Annuler</AlertDialogCancel>
+                        <AlertDialogCancel>{t('common.actions.cancel')}</AlertDialogCancel>
                         <AlertDialogAction className="bg-red-600 hover:bg-red-700" onClick={() => deleteId && onDelete(deleteId)}>
-                            Supprimer
+                            {t('common.actions.delete')}
                         </AlertDialogAction>
                     </div>
                 </AlertDialogContent>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Examens/Evaluations/Show.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Examens/Evaluations/Show.tsx
index 52004df8..cdb5b615 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Examens/Evaluations/Show.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Examens/Evaluations/Show.tsx
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import { ArrowLeft, CheckCircle2, ClipboardList, TrendingUp, UserX, Users } from
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { Table, TableBody, TableCell, TableHead, TableHeader, TableRow } from '@/components/ui/table';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Mark {
@@ -33,6 +34,7 @@ interface Evaluation {
 interface Props { evaluation: Evaluation; }
 
 export default function Show({ evaluation }: Readonly<Props>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const maxScore   = Number(evaluation.template.max_score);
     const gradedMarks = evaluation.marks.filter(m => !m.absent && m.score !== null);
     const absentCount = evaluation.marks.filter(m => m.absent).length;
@@ -49,15 +51,15 @@ export default function Show({ evaluation }: Readonly<Props>) {
     };
 
     const statsCards = [
-        { title: 'Élèves', value: evaluation.marks.length, icon: Users, color: 'text-blue-600', bg: 'bg-blue-50 ring-blue-100' },
-        { title: 'Notés', value: gradedMarks.length, icon: CheckCircle2, color: 'text-emerald-600', bg: 'bg-emerald-50 ring-emerald-100' },
-        { title: 'Absents', value: absentCount, icon: UserX, color: 'text-orange-600', bg: 'bg-orange-50 ring-orange-100' },
-        { title: `Moyenne /${maxScore}`, value: avg ?? '—', icon: TrendingUp, color: 'text-violet-600', bg: 'bg-violet-50 ring-violet-100' },
+        { title: t('examens.evaluations.show.students'), value: evaluation.marks.length, icon: Users, color: 'text-blue-600', bg: 'bg-blue-50 ring-blue-100' },
+        { title: t('examens.evaluations.show.graded'), value: gradedMarks.length, icon: CheckCircle2, color: 'text-emerald-600', bg: 'bg-emerald-50 ring-emerald-100' },
+        { title: t('examens.evaluations.show.absent'), value: absentCount, icon: UserX, color: 'text-orange-600', bg: 'bg-orange-50 ring-orange-100' },
+        { title: t('examens.evaluations.show.avg', { max: maxScore }), value: avg ?? '—', icon: TrendingUp, color: 'text-violet-600', bg: 'bg-violet-50 ring-violet-100' },
     ];
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title={`${evaluation.template.name} — ${evaluation.class_subject.class.name}`} />
+            <Head title={t('examens.evaluations.show.head', { template: evaluation.template.name, class: evaluation.class_subject.class.name })} />
 
             <div className="w-full space-y-6">
 
@@ -74,7 +76,7 @@ export default function Show({ evaluation }: Readonly<Props>) {
                             <span>·</span>
                             <span>{evaluation.template.academic_period.name}</span>
                             <span>·</span>
-                            <span>Coeff. {Number(evaluation.template.coefficient).toFixed(2)}</span>
+                            <span>{t('examens.templates.index.col_coeff')} {Number(evaluation.template.coefficient).toFixed(2)}</span>
                             <span>·</span>
                             <span>/{maxScore}</span>
                         </div>
@@ -84,13 +86,13 @@ export default function Show({ evaluation }: Readonly<Props>) {
                             evaluation.status === 'completed' ? 'bg-emerald-100 text-emerald-700' : 'bg-amber-100 text-amber-700'
                         }`}>
                             {evaluation.status === 'completed' && <CheckCircle2 className="w-3 h-3" />}
-                            {evaluation.status === 'completed' ? 'Terminée' : 'Planifiée'}
+                            {evaluation.status === 'completed' ? t('examens.evaluations.show.status_completed') : t('examens.evaluations.show.status_scheduled')}
                         </span>
                         <Button
                             className="gap-2 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700"
                             onClick={() => router.get(route('marks.index', evaluation.id))}
                         >
-                            <ClipboardList className="w-4 h-4" /> Saisir les notes
+                            <ClipboardList className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('examens.evaluations.show.enter_marks')}
                         </Button>
                     </div>
                 </div>
@@ -115,28 +117,28 @@ export default function Show({ evaluation }: Readonly<Props>) {
 
                 {min !== null && max !== null && (
                     <div className="bg-white rounded-2xl shadow-sm ring-1 ring-gray-100 p-4 flex gap-8 text-sm text-gray-600">
-                        <span>Min : <strong className="text-red-500">{min}/{maxScore}</strong></span>
-                        <span>Max : <strong className="text-emerald-600">{max}/{maxScore}</strong></span>
-                        <span>Moyenne : <strong className="text-blue-600">{avg}/{maxScore}</strong></span>
+                        <span>{t('examens.evaluations.show.min_label')} <strong className="text-red-500">{min}/{maxScore}</strong></span>
+                        <span>{t('examens.evaluations.show.max_label')} <strong className="text-emerald-600">{max}/{maxScore}</strong></span>
+                        <span>{t('examens.evaluations.show.avg_label')} <strong className="text-blue-600">{avg}/{maxScore}</strong></span>
                     </div>
                 )}
 
                 {/* Notes */}
                 <div className="bg-white rounded-2xl shadow-sm ring-1 ring-gray-100 overflow-hidden">
                     <div className="px-6 py-4 border-b border-gray-100">
-                        <h2 className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Notes saisies</h2>
+                        <h2 className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('examens.evaluations.show.marks_entered')}</h2>
                     </div>
                     {evaluation.marks.length === 0 ? (
-                        <div className="py-12 text-center text-gray-400">Aucune note encore saisie.</div>
+                        <div className="py-12 text-center text-gray-400">{t('examens.evaluations.show.no_marks')}</div>
                     ) : (
                         <Table>
                             <TableHeader className="bg-gray-50">
                                 <TableRow>
                                     <TableHead className="w-10">#</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead>Matricule</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead>Élève</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead className="text-center">Note</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead>Appréciation</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead>{t('examens.evaluations.show.col_matricule')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead>{t('examens.evaluations.show.col_student')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="text-center">{t('examens.evaluations.show.col_mark')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead>{t('examens.evaluations.show.col_comment')}</TableHead>
                                 </TableRow>
                             </TableHeader>
                             <TableBody>
@@ -149,7 +151,7 @@ export default function Show({ evaluation }: Readonly<Props>) {
                                         </TableCell>
                                         <TableCell className="text-center">
                                             {m.absent ? (
-                                                <span className="text-xs text-orange-500 italic">Absent</span>
+                                                <span className="text-xs text-orange-500 italic">{t('examens.evaluations.show.absent_mark')}</span>
                                             ) : m.score !== null ? (
                                                 <span className={scoreColor(Number(m.score))}>
                                                     {Number(m.score).toFixed(2)}/{maxScore}
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Examens/Marks/Index.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Examens/Marks/Index.tsx
index 75989757..ab6c0bdd 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Examens/Marks/Index.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Examens/Marks/Index.tsx
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { Table, TableBody, TableCell, TableHead, TableHeader, TableRow } from '@/components/ui/table';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Student { id: string; firstname: string; lastname: string; matricule: string; }
@@ -57,6 +58,8 @@ function scoreColor(score: number | null, max: number): string {
 }
 
 export default function Index({ evaluation, studentsWithMarks, stats }: Readonly<Props>) {
+    const { t, locale } = useTranslation();
+    const dateLocale = locale === 'en' ? 'en-GB' : 'fr-FR';
     const maxScore = Number(evaluation.template.max_score);
     const isLocked = !!evaluation.locked_at;
 
@@ -112,15 +115,15 @@ export default function Index({ evaluation, studentsWithMarks, stats }: Readonly
     const absentNow = studentsWithMarks.filter(sm => marks[sm.student_id]?.absent).length;
 
     const statsCards = [
-        { title: 'Élèves', value: stats.total, icon: Users, color: 'text-blue-600', bg: 'bg-blue-50 ring-blue-100' },
-        { title: 'Notés', value: gradedNow, icon: CheckCircle2, color: 'text-emerald-600', bg: 'bg-emerald-50 ring-emerald-100' },
-        { title: 'Absents', value: absentNow, icon: UserX, color: 'text-orange-600', bg: 'bg-orange-50 ring-orange-100' },
-        { title: 'Moy. sauvegardée', value: stats.average !== null ? `${stats.average}/${maxScore}` : '—', icon: TrendingUp, color: 'text-violet-600', bg: 'bg-violet-50 ring-violet-100' },
+        { title: t('examens.marks.students'), value: stats.total, icon: Users, color: 'text-blue-600', bg: 'bg-blue-50 ring-blue-100' },
+        { title: t('examens.marks.graded'), value: gradedNow, icon: CheckCircle2, color: 'text-emerald-600', bg: 'bg-emerald-50 ring-emerald-100' },
+        { title: t('examens.marks.absent'), value: absentNow, icon: UserX, color: 'text-orange-600', bg: 'bg-orange-50 ring-orange-100' },
+        { title: t('examens.marks.avg_saved'), value: stats.average !== null ? `${stats.average}/${maxScore}` : '—', icon: TrendingUp, color: 'text-violet-600', bg: 'bg-violet-50 ring-violet-100' },
     ];
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title={`Notes — ${evaluation.template.name}`} />
+            <Head title={t('examens.marks.head', { name: evaluation.template.name })} />
 
             <div className="w-full space-y-6">
 
@@ -141,11 +144,11 @@ export default function Index({ evaluation, studentsWithMarks, stats }: Readonly
                                 <span>·</span>
                                 <span>{evaluation.template.evaluation_type.name}</span>
                                 <span>·</span>
-                                <span>Coeff. examen <strong>{Number(evaluation.template.coefficient).toFixed(2)}</strong></span>
+                                <span>{t('examens.marks.coeff_exam')} <strong>{Number(evaluation.template.coefficient).toFixed(2)}</strong></span>
                                 <span>·</span>
-                                <span>Coeff. matière <strong>{evaluation.class_subject.coefficient}</strong></span>
+                                <span>{t('examens.marks.coeff_subject')} <strong>{evaluation.class_subject.coefficient}</strong></span>
                                 <span>·</span>
-                                <span>Sur <strong>{maxScore}</strong></span>
+                                <span>{t('examens.marks.on')} <strong>{maxScore}</strong></span>
                             </div>
                         </div>
                     </div>
@@ -156,7 +159,7 @@ export default function Index({ evaluation, studentsWithMarks, stats }: Readonly
                             disabled={saving}
                         >
                             {saved ? <CheckCircle2 className="w-4 h-4" /> : <Save className="w-4 h-4" />}
-                            {saving ? 'Enregistrement...' : saved ? 'Enregistré !' : 'Enregistrer'}
+                            {saving ? t('examens.marks.saving') : saved ? t('examens.marks.saved') : t('common.actions.save')}
                         </Button>
                     )}
                 </div>
@@ -166,10 +169,9 @@ export default function Index({ evaluation, studentsWithMarks, stats }: Readonly
                     <div className="flex items-center gap-3 bg-red-50 ring-1 ring-red-200 rounded-2xl px-5 py-4">
                         <Lock className="w-5 h-5 text-red-500 shrink-0" />
                         <div>
-                            <p className="font-semibold text-red-800">Évaluation clôturée</p>
+                            <p className="font-semibold text-red-800">{t('examens.marks.locked_title')}</p>
                             <p className="text-sm text-red-600 mt-0.5">
-                                La saisie de notes est désactivée depuis le {new Date(evaluation.locked_at!).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR')}.
-                                Utilisez le bouton "Réclamation" pour demander une correction de note.
+                                {t('examens.marks.locked_hint', { date: new Date(evaluation.locked_at!).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale) })}
                             </p>
                         </div>
                     </div>
@@ -197,17 +199,17 @@ export default function Index({ evaluation, studentsWithMarks, stats }: Readonly
                 <div className="bg-white rounded-2xl shadow-sm ring-1 ring-gray-100 overflow-hidden">
                     <div className="px-6 py-4 border-b border-gray-100 flex items-center justify-between">
                         <h2 className="font-semibold text-gray-900">
-                            {isLocked ? 'Notes enregistrées (lecture seule)' : 'Saisie des notes'}
+                            {isLocked ? t('examens.marks.grid_locked') : t('examens.marks.grid_entry')}
                         </h2>
                         <span className={`text-xs px-2.5 py-1 rounded-full font-medium ${evaluation.status === 'completed' ? 'bg-emerald-100 text-emerald-700' : 'bg-amber-100 text-amber-700'}`}>
-                            {evaluation.status === 'completed' ? 'Terminée' : 'Planifiée'}
+                            {evaluation.status === 'completed' ? t('examens.marks.status_completed') : t('examens.marks.status_scheduled')}
                         </span>
                     </div>
 
                     {studentsWithMarks.length === 0 ? (
                         <div className="py-16 text-center text-gray-400">
                             <Users className="w-10 h-10 mx-auto mb-2 opacity-30" />
-                            <p>Aucun élève inscrit dans cette classe.</p>
+                            <p>{t('examens.marks.no_students')}</p>
                         </div>
                     ) : (
                         <>
@@ -215,12 +217,12 @@ export default function Index({ evaluation, studentsWithMarks, stats }: Readonly
                                 <TableHeader className="bg-gray-50">
                                     <TableRow>
                                         <TableHead className="w-10">#</TableHead>
-                                        <TableHead>Matricule</TableHead>
-                                        <TableHead>Élève</TableHead>
-                                        <TableHead className="w-40">Note /{maxScore}</TableHead>
-                                        {!isLocked && <TableHead className="w-24 text-center">Absent</TableHead>}
-                                        <TableHead>Appréciation</TableHead>
-                                        {isLocked && <TableHead className="w-36 text-center">Réclamation</TableHead>}
+                                        <TableHead>{t('examens.marks.col_matricule')}</TableHead>
+                                        <TableHead>{t('examens.marks.col_student')}</TableHead>
+                                        <TableHead className="w-40">{t('examens.marks.col_mark', { max: maxScore })}</TableHead>
+                                        {!isLocked && <TableHead className="w-24 text-center">{t('examens.marks.col_absent')}</TableHead>}
+                                        <TableHead>{t('examens.marks.col_comment')}</TableHead>
+                                        {isLocked && <TableHead className="w-36 text-center">{t('examens.marks.col_appeal')}</TableHead>}
                                     </TableRow>
                                 </TableHeader>
                                 <TableBody>
@@ -240,7 +242,7 @@ export default function Index({ evaluation, studentsWithMarks, stats }: Readonly
                                                 </TableCell>
                                                 <TableCell>
                                                     {isAbs ? (
-                                                        <span className="text-xs text-orange-500 italic">Absent</span>
+                                                        <span className="text-xs text-orange-500 italic">{t('examens.marks.absent_mark')}</span>
                                                     ) : isLocked ? (
                                                         <span className={`font-mono text-sm ${scoreColor(score, maxScore)}`}>
                                                             {score !== null ? score : <span className="text-gray-300">—</span>}
@@ -278,7 +280,7 @@ export default function Index({ evaluation, studentsWithMarks, stats }: Readonly
                                                         <Input
                                                             value={m?.comments ?? ''}
                                                             onChange={e => setComment(sm.student_id, e.target.value)}
-                                                            placeholder="Appréciation..."
+                                                            placeholder={t('examens.marks.comment_ph')}
                                                             className="max-w-xs text-sm"
                                                             disabled={isAbs}
                                                         />
@@ -292,7 +294,7 @@ export default function Index({ evaluation, studentsWithMarks, stats }: Readonly
                                                             onClick={() => onReclamation(sm.student_id)}
                                                         >
                                                             <MessageSquareWarning className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />
-                                                            Réclamation
+                                                            {t('examens.marks.appeal')}
                                                         </Button>
                                                     </TableCell>
                                                 )}
@@ -305,15 +307,15 @@ export default function Index({ evaluation, studentsWithMarks, stats }: Readonly
                                 <div className="px-6 py-4 bg-red-50/50 flex items-center gap-3 border-t border-red-100">
                                     <AlertTriangle className="w-4 h-4 text-red-400 shrink-0" />
                                     <p className="text-sm text-red-600">
-                                        Évaluation clôturée — la saisie est désactivée. Cliquez sur "Réclamation" pour demander une correction.
+                                        {t('examens.marks.locked_footer')}
                                     </p>
                                 </div>
                             ) : (
                                 <div className="px-6 py-4 bg-gray-50 flex justify-between items-center border-t border-gray-100">
                                     <p className="text-sm text-gray-500">
-                                        {gradedNow} note{gradedNow > 1 ? 's' : ''} saisie{gradedNow > 1 ? 's' : ''}
-                                        {absentNow > 0 && ` · ${absentNow} absent${absentNow > 1 ? 's' : ''}`}
-                                        {' '}/ {studentsWithMarks.length} élèves
+                                        {t('examens.marks.entered_count', { count: gradedNow })}
+                                        {absentNow > 0 && ` · ${t('examens.marks.absent_count', { count: absentNow })}`}
+                                        {' '}{t('examens.marks.of_students', { total: studentsWithMarks.length })}
                                     </p>
                                     <Button
                                         className={`gap-2 ${saved ? 'bg-emerald-600 hover:bg-emerald-700' : 'bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700'}`}
@@ -321,7 +323,7 @@ export default function Index({ evaluation, studentsWithMarks, stats }: Readonly
                                         disabled={saving}
                                     >
                                         {saved ? <CheckCircle2 className="w-4 h-4" /> : <Save className="w-4 h-4" />}
-                                        {saving ? 'Enregistrement...' : saved ? 'Enregistré !' : 'Enregistrer les notes'}
+                                        {saving ? t('examens.marks.saving') : saved ? t('examens.marks.saved') : t('examens.marks.save_marks')}
                                     </Button>
                                 </div>
                             )}
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Examens/OfficialExams/Index.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Examens/OfficialExams/Index.tsx
index 1e42e07f..d3b3fb0e 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Examens/OfficialExams/Index.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Examens/OfficialExams/Index.tsx
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { Select, SelectContent, SelectItem, SelectTrigger, SelectValue } from '@/components/ui/select';
 import { Table, TableBody, TableCell, TableHead, TableHeader, TableRow } from '@/components/ui/table';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Exam {
@@ -40,6 +41,8 @@ const STATUS_STYLE: Record<string, string> = {
 };
 
 export default function Index({ exams, years, activeYear, classrooms, types, sessions, statuses, filters }: Readonly<Props>) {
+    const { t, locale } = useTranslation();
+    const dateLocale = locale === 'en' ? 'en-GB' : 'fr-FR';
     const [createOpen, setCreateOpen] = useState(false);
     const [deleteId, setDeleteId] = useState<string | null>(null);
 
@@ -78,16 +81,16 @@ export default function Index({ exams, years, activeYear, classrooms, types, ses
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Examens officiels" />
+            <Head title={t('examens.official.index.head')} />
             <div className="w-full space-y-6">
 
                 <div className="flex items-start justify-between gap-4 flex-wrap">
                     <div>
-                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3"><GraduationCap className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />Examens officiels</h1>
-                        <p className="mt-2 text-gray-500">CEPD, BEPC, Baccalauréat — année {activeYear?.year ?? '—'}.</p>
+                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3"><GraduationCap className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />{t('examens.official.index.head')}</h1>
+                        <p className="mt-2 text-gray-500">{t('examens.official.index.subtitle', { year: activeYear?.year ?? '—' })}</p>
                     </div>
                     <Button className="gap-2 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700" onClick={() => setCreateOpen(true)}>
-                        <Plus className="w-4 h-4" /> Nouvel examen
+                        <Plus className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('examens.official.index.new')}
                     </Button>
                 </div>
 
@@ -95,45 +98,45 @@ export default function Index({ exams, years, activeYear, classrooms, types, ses
                 <div className="rounded-2xl bg-slate-50/70 ring-1 ring-slate-200 shadow-sm p-4 space-y-3">
                     <div className="flex flex-wrap gap-3 items-end">
                         <div className="min-w-44">
-                            <label className="block text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 mb-1.5">Année académique</label>
+                            <label className="block text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 mb-1.5">{t('examens.official.index.year')}</label>
                             <Select value={yearId} onValueChange={v => { setYearId(v); apply({ academic_year_id: v }); }}>
                                 <SelectTrigger className="bg-white"><SelectValue /></SelectTrigger>
                                 <SelectContent>
-                                    {years.map(y => <SelectItem key={y.id} value={y.id}>{y.year}{y.active ? ' (active)' : ''}</SelectItem>)}
+                                    {years.map(y => <SelectItem key={y.id} value={y.id}>{y.year}{y.active ? ` (${t('examens.official.index.active_suffix')})` : ''}</SelectItem>)}
                                 </SelectContent>
                             </Select>
                         </div>
                         <div className="relative flex-1 min-w-48">
-                            <label className="block text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 mb-1.5">Recherche</label>
+                            <label className="block text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 mb-1.5">{t('examens.official.index.search')}</label>
                             <Search className="absolute left-3 top-9 w-4 h-4 text-gray-400" />
-                            <Input value={search} onChange={e => setSearch(e.target.value)} onKeyDown={e => e.key === 'Enter' && apply()} placeholder="Nom de l'examen..." className="pl-9 bg-white" />
+                            <Input value={search} onChange={e => setSearch(e.target.value)} onKeyDown={e => e.key === 'Enter' && apply()} placeholder={t('examens.official.index.search_ph')} className="pl-9 bg-white" />
                         </div>
                         <div className="min-w-36">
-                            <label className="block text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 mb-1.5">Type</label>
+                            <label className="block text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 mb-1.5">{t('examens.official.index.type')}</label>
                             <Select value={type} onValueChange={v => { setType(v); apply({ type: v }); }}>
                                 <SelectTrigger className="bg-white"><SelectValue /></SelectTrigger>
                                 <SelectContent>
-                                    <SelectItem value={ALL}>Tous</SelectItem>
+                                    <SelectItem value={ALL}>{t('examens.official.index.all')}</SelectItem>
                                     {Object.keys(types).map(k => <SelectItem key={k} value={k}>{k.toUpperCase()}</SelectItem>)}
                                 </SelectContent>
                             </Select>
                         </div>
                         <div className="min-w-36">
-                            <label className="block text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 mb-1.5">Session</label>
+                            <label className="block text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 mb-1.5">{t('examens.official.index.session')}</label>
                             <Select value={session} onValueChange={v => { setSession(v); apply({ session: v }); }}>
                                 <SelectTrigger className="bg-white"><SelectValue /></SelectTrigger>
                                 <SelectContent>
-                                    <SelectItem value={ALL}>Toutes</SelectItem>
+                                    <SelectItem value={ALL}>{t('examens.official.index.all_sessions')}</SelectItem>
                                     {Object.entries(sessions).map(([k, l]) => <SelectItem key={k} value={k}>{l}</SelectItem>)}
                                 </SelectContent>
                             </Select>
                         </div>
                         <div className="min-w-36">
-                            <label className="block text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 mb-1.5">Statut</label>
+                            <label className="block text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 mb-1.5">{t('examens.official.index.status')}</label>
                             <Select value={status} onValueChange={v => { setStatus(v); apply({ status: v }); }}>
                                 <SelectTrigger className="bg-white"><SelectValue /></SelectTrigger>
                                 <SelectContent>
-                                    <SelectItem value={ALL}>Tous</SelectItem>
+                                    <SelectItem value={ALL}>{t('examens.official.index.all_statuses')}</SelectItem>
                                     {Object.entries(statuses).map(([k, l]) => <SelectItem key={k} value={k}>{l}</SelectItem>)}
                                 </SelectContent>
                             </Select>
@@ -141,7 +144,7 @@ export default function Index({ exams, years, activeYear, classrooms, types, ses
                     </div>
                     {activeFilters > 0 && (
                         <button onClick={resetFilters} className="text-xs text-blue-600 hover:text-blue-700 inline-flex items-center gap-1">
-                            <X className="w-3 h-3" /> Réinitialiser les filtres ({activeFilters})
+                            <X className="w-3 h-3" /> {t('examens.official.index.reset', { count: activeFilters })}
                         </button>
                     )}
                 </div>
@@ -151,16 +154,16 @@ export default function Index({ exams, years, activeYear, classrooms, types, ses
                     <Table>
                         <TableHeader className="bg-gray-50">
                             <TableRow>
-                                <TableHead>Type</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead>Examen</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead>Classe</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead>Session</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead>Date</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead>Centre</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="text-center">Inscrits</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="text-center">Admis</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead>Statut</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="text-center w-28">Actions</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead>{t('examens.official.index.col_type')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead>{t('examens.official.index.col_exam')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead>{t('examens.official.index.col_class')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead>{t('examens.official.index.col_session')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead>{t('examens.official.index.col_date')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead>{t('examens.official.index.col_center')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="text-center">{t('examens.official.index.col_registered')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="text-center">{t('examens.official.index.col_admitted')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead>{t('examens.official.index.col_status')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="text-center w-28">{t('examens.official.index.col_actions')}</TableHead>
                             </TableRow>
                         </TableHeader>
                         <TableBody>
@@ -168,7 +171,7 @@ export default function Index({ exams, years, activeYear, classrooms, types, ses
                                 <TableRow>
                                     <TableCell colSpan={10} className="py-16 text-center text-gray-400">
                                         <GraduationCap className="w-10 h-10 mx-auto mb-2 opacity-30" />
-                                        Aucun examen pour ces critères.
+                                        {t('examens.official.index.empty')}
                                     </TableCell>
                                 </TableRow>
                             ) : exams.map(exam => (
@@ -178,7 +181,7 @@ export default function Index({ exams, years, activeYear, classrooms, types, ses
                                     <TableCell className="text-sm text-gray-600">{exam.class_name ?? '—'}</TableCell>
                                     <TableCell className="text-sm text-gray-600">{sessions[exam.session]}</TableCell>
                                     <TableCell className="text-sm text-gray-600">
-                                        {exam.exam_date ? <span className="inline-flex items-center gap-1"><CalendarDays className="w-3.5 h-3.5 text-gray-400" />{new Date(exam.exam_date).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR')}</span> : '—'}
+                                        {exam.exam_date ? <span className="inline-flex items-center gap-1"><CalendarDays className="w-3.5 h-3.5 text-gray-400" />{new Date(exam.exam_date).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale)}</span> : '—'}
                                     </TableCell>
                                     <TableCell className="text-sm text-gray-600">
                                         {exam.center ? <span className="inline-flex items-center gap-1"><MapPin className="w-3.5 h-3.5 text-gray-400" />{exam.center}</span> : '—'}
@@ -189,9 +192,9 @@ export default function Index({ exams, years, activeYear, classrooms, types, ses
                                     <TableCell onClick={e => e.stopPropagation()}>
                                         <div className="flex justify-center gap-1.5">
                                             <Button variant="outline" size="sm" className="gap-1 text-xs" onClick={() => router.get(route('official-exams.show', exam.id))}>
-                                                <Eye className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> Gérer
+                                                <Eye className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> {t('examens.official.index.manage')}
                                             </Button>
-                                            <IconButton label="Supprimer" icon={<Trash2 className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />} className="border-red-200 text-red-500 hover:bg-red-50" onClick={() => setDeleteId(exam.id)} />
+                                            <IconButton label={t('common.actions.delete')} icon={<Trash2 className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />} className="border-red-200 text-red-500 hover:bg-red-50" onClick={() => setDeleteId(exam.id)} />
                                         </div>
                                     </TableCell>
                                 </TableRow>
@@ -200,51 +203,51 @@ export default function Index({ exams, years, activeYear, classrooms, types, ses
                     </Table>
                 </div>
 
-                <p className="text-sm text-gray-400 text-right">{exams.length} examen(s)</p>
+                <p className="text-sm text-gray-400 text-right">{t('examens.official.index.total', { count: exams.length })}</p>
             </div>
 
             {/* Dialog création */}
             <Dialog open={createOpen} onOpenChange={setCreateOpen}>
                 <DialogContent>
-                    <DialogHeader><DialogTitle>Nouvel examen officiel</DialogTitle></DialogHeader>
+                    <DialogHeader><DialogTitle>{t('examens.official.index.create_title')}</DialogTitle></DialogHeader>
                     <form onSubmit={submit} className="space-y-4 py-2">
-                        <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">Rattaché à l'année académique active{activeYear ? ` (${activeYear.year})` : ''}.</p>
+                        <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">{t('examens.official.index.attached', { suffix: activeYear ? ` (${activeYear.year})` : '' })}</p>
                         <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-3">
                             <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                                <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Type *</label>
+                                <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('examens.official.index.form_type')}</label>
                                 <Select value={data.type} onValueChange={v => setData('type', v)}>
                                     <SelectTrigger><SelectValue /></SelectTrigger>
                                     <SelectContent>{Object.keys(types).map(k => <SelectItem key={k} value={k}>{k.toUpperCase()}</SelectItem>)}</SelectContent>
                                 </Select>
                             </div>
                             <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                                <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Année (calendaire) *</label>
+                                <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('examens.official.index.form_year')}</label>
                                 <Input type="number" value={data.year} onChange={e => setData('year', Number(e.target.value))} />
                             </div>
                         </div>
                         <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                            <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Nom / Libellé *</label>
-                            <Input value={data.name} onChange={e => setData('name', e.target.value)} placeholder="Ex: BEPC 2026 - Session normale" className={errors.name ? 'border-red-400' : ''} />
+                            <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('examens.official.index.form_name')}</label>
+                            <Input value={data.name} onChange={e => setData('name', e.target.value)} placeholder={t('examens.official.index.name_ph')} className={errors.name ? 'border-red-400' : ''} />
                             {errors.name && <p className="text-xs text-red-500">{errors.name}</p>}
                         </div>
                         <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-3">
                             <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                                <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Session</label>
+                                <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('examens.official.index.form_session')}</label>
                                 <Select value={data.session} onValueChange={v => setData('session', v)}>
                                     <SelectTrigger><SelectValue /></SelectTrigger>
                                     <SelectContent>{Object.entries(sessions).map(([k, l]) => <SelectItem key={k} value={k}>{l}</SelectItem>)}</SelectContent>
                                 </Select>
                             </div>
                             <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                                <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Date d'examen</label>
+                                <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('examens.official.index.form_date')}</label>
                                 <Input type="date" value={data.exam_date} onChange={e => setData('exam_date', e.target.value)} />
                             </div>
                         </div>
                         <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-3">
                             <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                                <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Classe *</label>
+                                <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('examens.official.index.form_class')}</label>
                                 <Select value={data.class_id} onValueChange={v => setData('class_id', v)}>
-                                    <SelectTrigger className={errors.class_id ? 'border-red-400' : ''}><SelectValue placeholder="Choisir une classe" /></SelectTrigger>
+                                    <SelectTrigger className={errors.class_id ? 'border-red-400' : ''}><SelectValue placeholder={t('examens.official.index.choose_class')} /></SelectTrigger>
                                     <SelectContent>
                                         {classrooms.map(c => <SelectItem key={c.id} value={c.id}>{c.name}</SelectItem>)}
                                     </SelectContent>
@@ -252,13 +255,13 @@ export default function Index({ exams, years, activeYear, classrooms, types, ses
                                 {errors.class_id && <p className="text-xs text-red-500">{errors.class_id}</p>}
                             </div>
                             <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                                <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Centre d'examen</label>
-                                <Input value={data.center} onChange={e => setData('center', e.target.value)} placeholder="Ex: Lycée de Tokoin" />
+                                <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('examens.official.index.form_center')}</label>
+                                <Input value={data.center} onChange={e => setData('center', e.target.value)} placeholder={t('examens.official.index.center_ph')} />
                             </div>
                         </div>
                         <div className="flex justify-end gap-2 pt-2">
-                            <Button type="button" variant="outline" onClick={() => setCreateOpen(false)}>Annuler</Button>
-                            <Button type="submit" disabled={processing} className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700">Créer</Button>
+                            <Button type="button" variant="outline" onClick={() => setCreateOpen(false)}>{t('common.actions.cancel')}</Button>
+                            <Button type="submit" disabled={processing} className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700">{t('common.actions.create')}</Button>
                         </div>
                     </form>
                 </DialogContent>
@@ -267,13 +270,13 @@ export default function Index({ exams, years, activeYear, classrooms, types, ses
             <AlertDialog open={!!deleteId} onOpenChange={() => setDeleteId(null)}>
                 <AlertDialogContent>
                     <AlertDialogHeader>
-                        <AlertDialogTitle>Supprimer cet examen ?</AlertDialogTitle>
-                        <AlertDialogDescription>Toutes les inscriptions et résultats associés seront supprimés.</AlertDialogDescription>
+                        <AlertDialogTitle>{t('examens.official.index.delete_title')}</AlertDialogTitle>
+                        <AlertDialogDescription>{t('examens.official.index.delete_desc')}</AlertDialogDescription>
                     </AlertDialogHeader>
                     <div className="flex justify-end gap-2">
-                        <AlertDialogCancel>Annuler</AlertDialogCancel>
+                        <AlertDialogCancel>{t('common.actions.cancel')}</AlertDialogCancel>
                         <AlertDialogAction className="bg-red-600 hover:bg-red-700" onClick={() => deleteId && router.delete(route('official-exams.destroy', deleteId), { onSuccess: () => setDeleteId(null) })}>
-                            Supprimer
+                            {t('common.actions.delete')}
                         </AlertDialogAction>
                     </div>
                 </AlertDialogContent>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Examens/OfficialExams/Show.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Examens/OfficialExams/Show.tsx
index 65bf330b..b36de312 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Examens/OfficialExams/Show.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Examens/OfficialExams/Show.tsx
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { Select, SelectContent, SelectItem, SelectTrigger, SelectValue } from '@/components/ui/select';
 import { Table, TableBody, TableCell, TableHead, TableHeader, TableRow } from '@/components/ui/table';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Registration {
@@ -33,6 +34,8 @@ interface Props {
 }
 
 export default function Show({ exam, registrations, availableStudents, stats, statuses, mentions, isBac }: Readonly<Props>) {
+    const { t, locale } = useTranslation();
+    const dateLocale = locale === 'en' ? 'en-GB' : 'fr-FR';
     const [rows, setRows] = useState<Registration[]>(registrations);
     const [addOpen, setAddOpen] = useState(false);
     const [selected, setSelected] = useState<string[]>([]);
@@ -76,10 +79,10 @@ export default function Show({ exam, registrations, availableStudents, stats, st
     };
 
     const statCards = [
-        { label: 'Inscrits', value: stats.total, color: 'text-gray-700', icon: Users },
-        { label: 'Admis', value: stats.admis, color: 'text-emerald-600', icon: Award },
-        { label: 'Échoués', value: stats.echoue, color: 'text-red-600', icon: Users },
-        { label: 'Taux de réussite', value: `${stats.taux}%`, color: 'text-blue-600', icon: Award },
+        { label: t('examens.official.show.registered'), value: stats.total, color: 'text-gray-700', icon: Users },
+        { label: t('examens.official.show.admitted'), value: stats.admis, color: 'text-emerald-600', icon: Award },
+        { label: t('examens.official.show.failed'), value: stats.echoue, color: 'text-red-600', icon: Users },
+        { label: t('examens.official.show.success_rate'), value: `${stats.taux}%`, color: 'text-blue-600', icon: Award },
     ];
 
     return (
@@ -97,18 +100,18 @@ export default function Show({ exam, registrations, availableStudents, stats, st
                             <span className="text-xs font-bold uppercase tracking-wide text-blue-600">{exam.type} · {exam.year}</span>
                             <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900">{exam.name}</h1>
                             <div className="flex items-center gap-4 mt-1 text-sm text-gray-500">
-                                {exam.class_name && <span className="inline-flex items-center gap-1 px-2 py-0.5 rounded-full bg-blue-50 text-blue-700 text-xs font-medium">Classe : {exam.class_name}</span>}
-                                {exam.exam_date && <span className="inline-flex items-center gap-1"><CalendarDays className="w-4 h-4" />{new Date(exam.exam_date).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR')}</span>}
+                                {exam.class_name && <span className="inline-flex items-center gap-1 px-2 py-0.5 rounded-full bg-blue-50 text-blue-700 text-xs font-medium">{t('examens.official.show.class_prefix', { name: exam.class_name })}</span>}
+                                {exam.exam_date && <span className="inline-flex items-center gap-1"><CalendarDays className="w-4 h-4" />{new Date(exam.exam_date).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale)}</span>}
                                 {exam.center && <span className="inline-flex items-center gap-1"><MapPin className="w-4 h-4" />{exam.center}</span>}
                             </div>
                         </div>
                     </div>
                     <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
                         <Button variant="outline" className="gap-2" onClick={() => setAddOpen(true)} disabled={availableStudents.length === 0}>
-                            <UserPlus className="w-4 h-4" /> Inscrire des élèves
+                            <UserPlus className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('examens.official.show.register_students')}
                         </Button>
                         <Button className="gap-2 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700" onClick={saveResults} disabled={saving || rows.length === 0}>
-                            <Save className="w-4 h-4" /> Enregistrer les résultats
+                            <Save className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('examens.official.show.save_results')}
                         </Button>
                     </div>
                 </div>
@@ -136,12 +139,12 @@ export default function Show({ exam, registrations, availableStudents, stats, st
                     <Table>
                         <TableHeader className="bg-gray-50">
                             <TableRow>
-                                <TableHead>Élève</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="w-28">N° table</TableHead>
-                                {isBac && <TableHead className="w-24">Série</TableHead>}
-                                <TableHead className="w-32">Statut</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="w-24">Moyenne</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="w-36">Mention</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead>{t('examens.official.show.col_student')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="w-28">{t('examens.official.show.col_table_no')}</TableHead>
+                                {isBac && <TableHead className="w-24">{t('examens.official.show.col_series')}</TableHead>}
+                                <TableHead className="w-32">{t('examens.official.show.col_status')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="w-24">{t('examens.official.show.col_average')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="w-36">{t('examens.official.show.col_mention')}</TableHead>
                                 <TableHead className="w-12"></TableHead>
                             </TableRow>
                         </TableHeader>
@@ -150,7 +153,7 @@ export default function Show({ exam, registrations, availableStudents, stats, st
                                 <TableRow>
                                     <TableCell colSpan={isBac ? 7 : 6} className="py-12 text-center text-gray-400">
                                         <Users className="w-8 h-8 mx-auto mb-2 opacity-20" />
-                                        Aucun élève inscrit. Cliquez sur « Inscrire des élèves ».
+                                        {t('examens.official.show.empty')}
                                     </TableCell>
                                 </TableRow>
                             ) : rows.map(r => (
@@ -202,11 +205,11 @@ export default function Show({ exam, registrations, availableStudents, stats, st
             {/* Dialog inscription d'élèves */}
             <Dialog open={addOpen} onOpenChange={setAddOpen}>
                 <DialogContent>
-                    <DialogHeader><DialogTitle>Inscrire des élèves</DialogTitle></DialogHeader>
+                    <DialogHeader><DialogTitle>{t('examens.official.show.register_students')}</DialogTitle></DialogHeader>
                     <div className="py-2">
                         <div className="max-h-80 overflow-y-auto divide-y divide-gray-50 ring-1 ring-gray-100 rounded-xl">
                             {availableStudents.length === 0 ? (
-                                <p className="p-4 text-sm text-gray-400 text-center">Tous les élèves sont déjà inscrits.</p>
+                                <p className="p-4 text-sm text-gray-400 text-center">{t('examens.official.show.all_registered')}</p>
                             ) : availableStudents.map(s => (
                                 <label key={s.id} className="flex items-center gap-3 p-2.5 hover:bg-gray-50 cursor-pointer text-sm">
                                     <input type="checkbox" checked={selected.includes(s.id)} onChange={() => toggleSelect(s.id)} className="rounded" />
@@ -215,11 +218,11 @@ export default function Show({ exam, registrations, availableStudents, stats, st
                                 </label>
                             ))}
                         </div>
-                        <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 mt-2">{selected.length} sélectionné(s)</p>
+                        <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 mt-2">{t('examens.official.show.selected', { count: selected.length })}</p>
                     </div>
                     <div className="flex justify-end gap-2">
-                        <Button variant="outline" onClick={() => setAddOpen(false)}>Annuler</Button>
-                        <Button onClick={addStudents} disabled={selected.length === 0} className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700">Inscrire</Button>
+                        <Button variant="outline" onClick={() => setAddOpen(false)}>{t('common.actions.cancel')}</Button>
+                        <Button onClick={addStudents} disabled={selected.length === 0} className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700">{t('examens.official.show.register')}</Button>
                     </div>
                 </DialogContent>
             </Dialog>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Examens/Planning/Index.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Examens/Planning/Index.tsx
index aeac08f6..6552c988 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Examens/Planning/Index.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Examens/Planning/Index.tsx
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { Select, SelectContent, SelectItem, SelectTrigger, SelectValue } from '@/components/ui/select';
 import { Table, TableBody, TableCell, TableHead, TableHeader, TableRow } from '@/components/ui/table';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Classroom { id: string; name: string; code: string; }
@@ -45,6 +46,8 @@ interface Props {
 }
 
 export default function Index({ classrooms, evaluations, periods, filters, activeYear }: Readonly<Props>) {
+    const { t, locale } = useTranslation();
+    const dateLocale = locale === 'en' ? 'en-GB' : 'fr-FR';
     const [classroomId, setClassroomId] = useState(filters.classroomId ?? '');
     const [periodId, setPeriodId]       = useState(filters.periodId ?? '');
     const [editingId, setEditingId]     = useState<string | null>(null);
@@ -109,16 +112,16 @@ export default function Index({ classrooms, evaluations, periods, filters, activ
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Planning des examens" />
+            <Head title={t('examens.planning.head')} />
 
             <div className="w-full space-y-6">
 
                 {/* Header */}
                 <div className="flex items-start justify-between gap-4 flex-wrap">
                     <div>
-                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3"><CalendarRange className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />Planning des examens</h1>
+                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3"><CalendarRange className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />{t('examens.planning.title')}</h1>
                         <p className="mt-2 text-lg text-gray-600">
-                            Planifiez et visualisez les dates d'examens par classe
+                            {t('examens.planning.subtitle')}
                         </p>
                     </div>
                     {classroomId && (
@@ -127,7 +130,7 @@ export default function Index({ classrooms, evaluations, periods, filters, activ
                             onClick={() => window.open(exportUrl(), '_blank')}
                         >
                             <Download className="w-4 h-4" />
-                            Exporter / Imprimer
+                            {t('examens.planning.export')}
                         </Button>
                     )}
                 </div>
@@ -135,13 +138,13 @@ export default function Index({ classrooms, evaluations, periods, filters, activ
                 {/* Filtres */}
                 <div className="rounded-2xl bg-slate-50/70 ring-1 ring-slate-200 shadow-sm p-4 flex flex-wrap gap-3 items-end">
                     <div className="flex-1 min-w-56">
-                        <label className="block text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 mb-1.5">Classe</label>
+                        <label className="block text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 mb-1.5">{t('examens.planning.class')}</label>
                         <Select value={classroomId || 'all'} onValueChange={onClassChange}>
                             <SelectTrigger>
-                                <SelectValue placeholder="Sélectionner une classe" />
+                                <SelectValue placeholder={t('examens.planning.select_class')} />
                             </SelectTrigger>
                             <SelectContent>
-                                <SelectItem value="all">— Toutes les classes —</SelectItem>
+                                <SelectItem value="all">{t('examens.planning.all_classes')}</SelectItem>
                                 {classrooms.map(c => (
                                     <SelectItem key={c.id} value={c.id}>
                                         {c.name} ({c.code})
@@ -153,13 +156,13 @@ export default function Index({ classrooms, evaluations, periods, filters, activ
 
                     {periods.length > 0 && (
                         <div className="min-w-48">
-                            <label className="block text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 mb-1.5">Période</label>
+                            <label className="block text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 mb-1.5">{t('examens.planning.period')}</label>
                             <Select value={periodId || 'all'} onValueChange={onPeriodChange}>
                                 <SelectTrigger>
-                                    <SelectValue placeholder="Toutes les périodes" />
+                                    <SelectValue placeholder={t('examens.planning.all_periods')} />
                                 </SelectTrigger>
                                 <SelectContent>
-                                    <SelectItem value="all">Toutes les périodes</SelectItem>
+                                    <SelectItem value="all">{t('examens.planning.all_periods')}</SelectItem>
                                     {periods.map(p => (
                                         <SelectItem key={p.id} value={p.id}>{p.name}</SelectItem>
                                     ))}
@@ -174,7 +177,7 @@ export default function Index({ classrooms, evaluations, periods, filters, activ
                     <div className="flex items-center gap-3 bg-amber-50 ring-1 ring-amber-200 rounded-2xl px-5 py-4">
                         <AlertTriangle className="w-5 h-5 text-amber-600 shrink-0" />
                         <p className="text-sm text-amber-800 font-medium">
-                            {noDateCount} évaluation{noDateCount > 1 ? 's' : ''} sans date planifiée. Cliquez sur <Pencil className="inline w-3 h-3" /> pour les planifier.
+                            {t('examens.planning.no_date_alert_1', { count: noDateCount })} <Pencil className="inline w-3 h-3" /> {t('examens.planning.no_date_alert_2')}
                         </p>
                     </div>
                 )}
@@ -183,9 +186,9 @@ export default function Index({ classrooms, evaluations, periods, filters, activ
                 {!classroomId ? (
                     <div className="bg-white rounded-2xl shadow-sm ring-1 ring-gray-100 py-20 text-center text-gray-400">
                         <Calendar className="w-12 h-12 mx-auto mb-3 opacity-20" />
-                        <p className="text-lg font-medium">Sélectionnez une classe pour afficher son planning</p>
+                        <p className="text-lg font-medium">{t('examens.planning.select_prompt')}</p>
                         {classrooms.length === 0 && (
-                            <p className="mt-2 text-sm">Aucune classe avec des évaluations déployées pour l'année active.</p>
+                            <p className="mt-2 text-sm">{t('examens.planning.no_classes')}</p>
                         )}
                     </div>
                 ) : (
@@ -195,7 +198,7 @@ export default function Index({ classrooms, evaluations, periods, filters, activ
                                 <ListChecks className="w-5 h-5 text-blue-500" />
                                 {selectedClassroom ? `${selectedClassroom.name} (${selectedClassroom.code})` : ''}
                                 <span className="ml-2 bg-blue-100 text-blue-700 text-xs font-medium px-2 py-0.5 rounded-full">
-                                    {evaluations.length} évaluation{evaluations.length > 1 ? 's' : ''}
+                                    {t('examens.planning.count', { count: evaluations.length })}
                                 </span>
                             </h2>
                             <span className="text-xs text-gray-400">{activeYear?.year}</span>
@@ -204,21 +207,21 @@ export default function Index({ classrooms, evaluations, periods, filters, activ
                         {evaluations.length === 0 ? (
                             <div className="py-16 text-center text-gray-400">
                                 <ClipboardList className="w-10 h-10 mx-auto mb-2 opacity-30" />
-                                <p>Aucune évaluation pour cette classe{periodId ? ' et cette période' : ''}.</p>
+                                <p>{t('examens.planning.empty_base')}{periodId ? t('examens.planning.and_period') : ''}.</p>
                             </div>
                         ) : (
                             <Table>
                                 <TableHeader className="bg-gray-50">
                                     <TableRow>
-                                        <TableHead>Matière</TableHead>
-                                        <TableHead>Modèle</TableHead>
-                                        <TableHead>Période</TableHead>
-                                        <TableHead>Type</TableHead>
-                                        <TableHead className="text-center">Coeff.</TableHead>
-                                        <TableHead className="w-64">Date &amp; heure</TableHead>
-                                        <TableHead>Statut</TableHead>
-                                        <TableHead className="text-center">Progression</TableHead>
-                                        <TableHead className="text-center w-24">Actions</TableHead>
+                                        <TableHead>{t('examens.planning.col_subject')}</TableHead>
+                                        <TableHead>{t('examens.planning.col_template')}</TableHead>
+                                        <TableHead>{t('examens.planning.col_period')}</TableHead>
+                                        <TableHead>{t('examens.planning.col_type')}</TableHead>
+                                        <TableHead className="text-center">{t('examens.planning.col_coeff')}</TableHead>
+                                        <TableHead className="w-64">{t('examens.planning.col_datetime')}</TableHead>
+                                        <TableHead>{t('examens.planning.col_status')}</TableHead>
+                                        <TableHead className="text-center">{t('examens.planning.col_progress')}</TableHead>
+                                        <TableHead className="text-center w-24">{t('examens.planning.col_actions')}</TableHead>
                                     </TableRow>
                                 </TableHeader>
                                 <TableBody>
@@ -255,19 +258,19 @@ export default function Index({ classrooms, evaluations, periods, filters, activ
                                                                 onChange={e => setEditTime(e.target.value)}
                                                                 disabled={!editDate}
                                                                 className="h-7 text-xs w-24"
-                                                                title={editDate ? 'Heure' : 'Renseignez d\'abord la date'}
+                                                                title={editDate ? t('examens.planning.time') : t('examens.planning.date_first')}
                                                             />
                                                             <button
                                                                 onClick={() => saveDate(ev.id)}
                                                                 className="text-emerald-600 hover:text-emerald-700"
-                                                                title="Valider"
+                                                                title={t('examens.planning.validate')}
                                                             >
                                                                 <CheckCircle2 className="w-4 h-4" />
                                                             </button>
                                                             <button
                                                                 onClick={cancelEdit}
                                                                 className="text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600"
-                                                                title="Annuler"
+                                                                title={t('common.actions.cancel')}
                                                             >
                                                                 <X className="w-4 h-4" />
                                                             </button>
@@ -283,7 +286,7 @@ export default function Index({ classrooms, evaluations, periods, filters, activ
                                                                 <span className="flex items-center gap-2">
                                                                     <span className="inline-flex items-center gap-1">
                                                                         <Calendar className="w-3.5 h-3.5 text-gray-400" />
-                                                                        {new Date(ev.date).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR')}
+                                                                        {new Date(ev.date).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale)}
                                                                     </span>
                                                                     {ev.start_time && (
                                                                         <span className="inline-flex items-center gap-1 text-blue-600 font-medium">
@@ -293,7 +296,7 @@ export default function Index({ classrooms, evaluations, periods, filters, activ
                                                                     )}
                                                                 </span>
                                                             ) : (
-                                                                <span className="italic text-xs">Non planifiée</span>
+                                                                <span className="italic text-xs">{t('examens.planning.not_scheduled')}</span>
                                                             )}
                                                             <Pencil className="w-3 h-3 opacity-0 group-hover:opacity-60 transition-opacity" />
                                                         </button>
@@ -306,7 +309,7 @@ export default function Index({ classrooms, evaluations, periods, filters, activ
                                                             : 'bg-amber-100 text-amber-700'
                                                     }`}>
                                                         {ev.status === 'completed' && <CheckCircle2 className="w-3 h-3" />}
-                                                        {ev.status === 'completed' ? 'Terminée' : 'Planifiée'}
+                                                        {ev.status === 'completed' ? t('examens.planning.status_completed') : t('examens.planning.status_scheduled')}
                                                     </span>
                                                 </TableCell>
                                                 <TableCell>
@@ -325,14 +328,14 @@ export default function Index({ classrooms, evaluations, periods, filters, activ
                                                         <button
                                                             onClick={() => startEdit(ev)}
                                                             className="p-1.5 rounded-lg text-gray-400 hover:text-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-50 transition"
-                                                            title="Modifier / reporter"
+                                                            title={t('examens.planning.edit_reschedule')}
                                                         >
                                                             <Pencil className="w-4 h-4" />
                                                         </button>
                                                         <button
                                                             onClick={() => setDeleteTarget(ev)}
                                                             className="p-1.5 rounded-lg text-gray-400 hover:text-red-600 hover:bg-red-50 transition"
-                                                            title="Supprimer"
+                                                            title={t('common.actions.delete')}
                                                         >
                                                             <Trash2 className="w-4 h-4" />
                                                         </button>
@@ -352,14 +355,14 @@ export default function Index({ classrooms, evaluations, periods, filters, activ
             <AlertDialog open={!!deleteTarget} onOpenChange={(o) => !o && setDeleteTarget(null)}>
                 <AlertDialogContent>
                     <AlertDialogHeader>
-                        <AlertDialogTitle>Supprimer cette planification ?</AlertDialogTitle>
+                        <AlertDialogTitle>{t('examens.planning.delete_title')}</AlertDialogTitle>
                         <AlertDialogDescription>
                             {deleteTarget && (
                                 <>
-                                    L'évaluation « {deleteTarget.template.name} » en {deleteTarget.class_subject.subject.name} sera retirée du planning.
+                                    {t('examens.planning.delete_desc_1', { template: deleteTarget.template.name, subject: deleteTarget.class_subject.subject.name })}
                                     {deleteTarget.marks_count > 0 && (
                                         <span className="block mt-2 text-red-600 font-medium">
-                                            ⚠ {deleteTarget.graded_count} note(s) saisie(s) seront également supprimées. Cette action est irréversible.
+                                            ⚠ {t('examens.planning.delete_desc_warn', { count: deleteTarget.graded_count })}
                                         </span>
                                     )}
                                 </>
@@ -367,9 +370,9 @@ export default function Index({ classrooms, evaluations, periods, filters, activ
                         </AlertDialogDescription>
                     </AlertDialogHeader>
                     <div className="flex justify-end gap-2">
-                        <AlertDialogCancel>Annuler</AlertDialogCancel>
+                        <AlertDialogCancel>{t('common.actions.cancel')}</AlertDialogCancel>
                         <AlertDialogAction className="bg-red-600 hover:bg-red-700" onClick={confirmDelete}>
-                            Supprimer
+                            {t('common.actions.delete')}
                         </AlertDialogAction>
                     </div>
                 </AlertDialogContent>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Notes/Bulletins/Edit.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Notes/Bulletins/Edit.tsx
index a6286a9d..b8247bd9 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Notes/Bulletins/Edit.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Notes/Bulletins/Edit.tsx
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { Label } from '@/components/ui/label';
 import { Table, TableBody, TableCell, TableHead, TableHeader, TableRow } from '@/components/ui/table';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Line { index: number; subject: string; moyenne: number | null; appreciation: string }
@@ -23,6 +24,7 @@ interface Card {
 }
 
 export default function Edit({ card }: Readonly<{ card: Card }>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const [appreciations, setAppreciations] = useState<Record<number, string>>(
         Object.fromEntries(card.lines.map((l) => [l.index, l.appreciation])),
     );
@@ -45,7 +47,7 @@ export default function Edit({ card }: Readonly<{ card: Card }>) {
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Éditer le bulletin" />
+            <Head title={t('notes.bulletins.edit.head')} />
             <div className="w-full space-y-6">
                 <div className="flex items-start justify-between gap-4 flex-wrap">
                     <div className="flex items-center gap-4">
@@ -54,25 +56,25 @@ export default function Edit({ card }: Readonly<{ card: Card }>) {
                         </Button>
                         <div>
                             <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900">{card.student.name}</h1>
-                            <p className="mt-1 text-gray-500">{card.period.name} · Matricule <span className="font-mono">{card.student.matricule}</span></p>
+                            <p className="mt-1 text-gray-500">{card.period.name} · {t('notes.bulletins.edit.matricule_label')} <span className="font-mono">{card.student.matricule}</span></p>
                         </div>
                     </div>
                     <Button onClick={save} disabled={saving} className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700 gap-2">
-                        <Save className="w-4 h-4" /> {saving ? 'Enregistrement…' : 'Enregistrer'}
+                        <Save className="w-4 h-4" /> {saving ? t('notes.bulletins.edit.saving') : t('common.actions.save')}
                     </Button>
                 </div>
 
                 {/* Appréciations par matière */}
                 <div className="bg-white rounded-2xl shadow-sm ring-1 ring-slate-100 overflow-hidden">
                     <div className="px-6 py-4 border-b border-gray-100">
-                        <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">Appréciations par matière</h2>
+                        <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('notes.bulletins.edit.appreciations')}</h2>
                     </div>
                     <Table>
                         <TableHeader className="bg-gray-50">
                             <TableRow>
-                                <TableHead>Matière</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="w-24 text-center">Moyenne</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead>Appréciation</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead>{t('notes.bulletins.edit.col_subject')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="w-24 text-center">{t('notes.bulletins.edit.col_average')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead>{t('notes.bulletins.edit.col_appreciation')}</TableHead>
                             </TableRow>
                         </TableHeader>
                         <TableBody>
@@ -84,7 +86,7 @@ export default function Edit({ card }: Readonly<{ card: Card }>) {
                                         <Input
                                             value={appreciations[l.index] ?? ''}
                                             onChange={(e) => setAppreciations((a) => ({ ...a, [l.index]: e.target.value }))}
-                                            placeholder="Appréciation du professeur"
+                                            placeholder={t('notes.bulletins.edit.appreciation_ph')}
                                             className="h-9"
                                         />
                                     </TableCell>
@@ -96,32 +98,32 @@ export default function Edit({ card }: Readonly<{ card: Card }>) {
 
                 {/* Discipline + observations */}
                 <div className="bg-white rounded-2xl shadow-sm ring-1 ring-slate-100 p-6 space-y-4">
-                    <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">Discipline & décision</h2>
+                    <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('notes.bulletins.edit.discipline')}</h2>
                     <div className="grid grid-cols-2 md:grid-cols-4 gap-4">
                         <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                            <Label className="text-xs text-gray-500">Retards (auto)</Label>
+                            <Label className="text-xs text-gray-500">{t('notes.bulletins.edit.lateness')}</Label>
                             <Input value={card.retards} disabled className="bg-gray-50" />
                         </div>
                         <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                            <Label className="text-xs text-gray-500">Absences (auto)</Label>
+                            <Label className="text-xs text-gray-500">{t('notes.bulletins.edit.absences')}</Label>
                             <Input value={card.absences} disabled className="bg-gray-50" />
                         </div>
                         <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                            <Label className="text-xs text-gray-500">Punitions</Label>
+                            <Label className="text-xs text-gray-500">{t('notes.bulletins.edit.punishments')}</Label>
                             <Input type="number" min={0} value={punitions} onChange={(e) => setPunitions(e.target.value)} />
                         </div>
                         <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                            <Label className="text-xs text-gray-500">Exclusions</Label>
+                            <Label className="text-xs text-gray-500">{t('notes.bulletins.edit.exclusions')}</Label>
                             <Input type="number" min={0} value={exclusions} onChange={(e) => setExclusions(e.target.value)} />
                         </div>
                     </div>
                     <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                        <Label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Décision du conseil</Label>
-                        <Input value={decision} onChange={(e) => setDecision(e.target.value)} placeholder="Ex : Tableau d'honneur, Félicitations, Avertissement…" />
+                        <Label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('notes.bulletins.edit.decision')}</Label>
+                        <Input value={decision} onChange={(e) => setDecision(e.target.value)} placeholder={t('notes.bulletins.edit.decision_ph')} />
                     </div>
                     <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                        <Label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Observations du Chef d'Établissement</Label>
-                        <Input value={observations} onChange={(e) => setObservations(e.target.value)} placeholder="Observations" />
+                        <Label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('notes.bulletins.edit.observations')}</Label>
+                        <Input value={observations} onChange={(e) => setObservations(e.target.value)} placeholder={t('notes.bulletins.edit.observations_ph')} />
                     </div>
                 </div>
             </div>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Notes/Bulletins/Index.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Notes/Bulletins/Index.tsx
index fde8f10e..790732a3 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Notes/Bulletins/Index.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Notes/Bulletins/Index.tsx
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { Select, SelectContent, SelectItem, SelectTrigger, SelectValue } from '@/components/ui/select';
 import { Table, TableBody, TableCell, TableHead, TableHeader, TableRow } from '@/components/ui/table';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Classroom { id: string; name: string }
@@ -35,9 +36,9 @@ interface Props {
     filters: { class_id: string; academic_period_id: string };
 }
 
-const ordinal = (r: number | null) => (r === null ? '—' : r === 1 ? '1er' : `${r}e`);
-
 export default function Index({ classrooms, periods, rows, activeYear, filters }: Readonly<Props>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
+    const ordinal = (r: number | null) => (r === null ? '—' : r === 1 ? t('notes.bulletins.index.ord_first') : `${r}${t('notes.bulletins.index.ord_suffix')}`);
     const [classId, setClassId] = useState(filters.class_id || '');
     const [periodId, setPeriodId] = useState(filters.academic_period_id || '');
     const [observations, setObservations] = useState('');
@@ -91,20 +92,20 @@ export default function Index({ classrooms, periods, rows, activeYear, filters }
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Bulletins" />
+            <Head title={t('notes.bulletins.index.head')} />
             <div className="w-full space-y-6">
                 <div className="flex items-start justify-between gap-4 flex-wrap">
                     <div>
                         <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3">
-                            <FileSpreadsheet className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" /> Bulletins
+                            <FileSpreadsheet className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" /> {t('notes.bulletins.index.head')}
                         </h1>
                         <p className="mt-2 text-gray-500">
-                            Générez et figez les bulletins par classe et période{activeYear ? ` — ${activeYear.year}` : ''}.
+                            {t('notes.bulletins.index.subtitle')}{activeYear ? ` — ${activeYear.year}` : ''}.
                         </p>
                     </div>
                     {ready && validatedCount > 0 && (
                         <Button onClick={downloadClass} variant="outline" className="gap-2">
-                            <Download className="h-4 w-4" /> Télécharger toute la classe ({validatedCount})
+                            <Download className="h-4 w-4" /> {t('notes.bulletins.index.download_class', { count: validatedCount })}
                         </Button>
                     )}
                 </div>
@@ -112,15 +113,15 @@ export default function Index({ classrooms, periods, rows, activeYear, filters }
                 {/* Filtres */}
                 <div className="rounded-2xl bg-linear-to-br from-slate-50 to-white p-4 shadow-sm ring-1 ring-slate-100 flex flex-wrap items-center gap-3">
                     <Select value={classId} onValueChange={onClass}>
-                        <SelectTrigger className="w-56"><SelectValue placeholder="Choisir une classe" /></SelectTrigger>
+                        <SelectTrigger className="w-56"><SelectValue placeholder={t('notes.bulletins.index.choose_class')} /></SelectTrigger>
                         <SelectContent>
                             {classrooms.map((c) => <SelectItem key={c.id} value={c.id}>{c.name}</SelectItem>)}
                         </SelectContent>
                     </Select>
                     <Select value={periodId} onValueChange={onPeriod} disabled={classId === ''}>
-                        <SelectTrigger className="w-56"><SelectValue placeholder="Choisir une période" /></SelectTrigger>
+                        <SelectTrigger className="w-56"><SelectValue placeholder={t('notes.bulletins.index.choose_period')} /></SelectTrigger>
                         <SelectContent>
-                            {periods.map((p) => <SelectItem key={p.id} value={p.id}>{p.name}{p.is_current ? ' (en cours)' : ''}</SelectItem>)}
+                            {periods.map((p) => <SelectItem key={p.id} value={p.id}>{p.name}{p.is_current ? ` (${t('notes.bulletins.index.current')})` : ''}</SelectItem>)}
                         </SelectContent>
                     </Select>
                 </div>
@@ -131,21 +132,21 @@ export default function Index({ classrooms, periods, rows, activeYear, filters }
                         <div className="rounded-2xl bg-white p-5 shadow-sm ring-1 ring-slate-100 space-y-3">
                             <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-sm text-gray-600">
                                 <Lock className="w-4 h-4 text-amber-500" />
-                                Valider fige les bulletins (notes, rangs, mentions) et permet le téléchargement PDF.
-                                <span className="ml-auto text-xs text-gray-400">{validatedCount}/{rows.length} validé(s)</span>
+                                {t('notes.bulletins.index.validate_hint')}
+                                <span className="ml-auto text-xs text-gray-400">{t('notes.bulletins.index.validated_count', { count: validatedCount, total: rows.length })}</span>
                             </div>
                             <Input
                                 value={observations}
                                 onChange={(e) => setObservations(e.target.value)}
-                                placeholder="Observations du Chef d'Établissement (appliquées à toute la classe, optionnel)"
+                                placeholder={t('notes.bulletins.index.observations_ph')}
                             />
                             <Button onClick={onValidateClick} className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700 gap-2" disabled={rows.length === 0}>
                                 <CheckCircle2 className="w-4 h-4" />
-                                {validatedCount > 0 ? 'Re-valider les bulletins de la classe' : 'Valider les bulletins de la classe'}
+                                {validatedCount > 0 ? t('notes.bulletins.index.revalidate') : t('notes.bulletins.index.validate')}
                             </Button>
                             {validatedCount > 0 && (
                                 <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">
-                                    Une re-validation recalcule notes et rangs mais <strong>conserve</strong> vos éditions manuelles (appréciations, observations, décision, discipline).
+                                    {t('notes.bulletins.index.revalidate_note')}
                                 </p>
                             )}
                         </div>
@@ -153,25 +154,24 @@ export default function Index({ classrooms, periods, rows, activeYear, filters }
                         <AlertDialog open={confirmOpen} onOpenChange={setConfirmOpen}>
                             <AlertDialogContent>
                                 <AlertDialogHeader>
-                                    <AlertDialogTitle>Re-valider {validatedCount} bulletin(s) déjà figé(s) ?</AlertDialogTitle>
+                                    <AlertDialogTitle>{t('notes.bulletins.index.confirm_title', { count: validatedCount })}</AlertDialogTitle>
                                     <AlertDialogDescription>
-                                        Les notes, moyennes et rangs seront recalculés. Par défaut, vos éditions manuelles
-                                        (appréciations, observations, décision, discipline) sont <strong>conservées</strong>.
+                                        {t('notes.bulletins.index.confirm_desc')}
                                     </AlertDialogDescription>
                                 </AlertDialogHeader>
                                 <label className="flex items-start gap-3 rounded-lg border border-amber-200 bg-amber-50 p-3 text-sm">
                                     <Checkbox checked={regenerate} onCheckedChange={(v) => setRegenerate(v === true)} className="mt-0.5" />
                                     <span className="text-amber-800">
-                                        <span className="font-medium">Tout régénérer</span> — repartir de zéro et <strong>effacer</strong> les éditions manuelles.
+                                        <span className="font-medium">{t('notes.bulletins.index.regen_all')}</span> {t('notes.bulletins.index.regen_all_desc')}
                                     </span>
                                 </label>
                                 <AlertDialogFooter>
-                                    <AlertDialogCancel>Annuler</AlertDialogCancel>
+                                    <AlertDialogCancel>{t('common.actions.cancel')}</AlertDialogCancel>
                                     <AlertDialogAction
                                         onClick={() => submit(regenerate)}
                                         className={regenerate ? 'bg-red-600 hover:bg-red-700' : 'bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700'}
                                     >
-                                        {regenerate ? 'Régénérer (efface les éditions)' : 'Re-valider (conserve les éditions)'}
+                                        {regenerate ? t('notes.bulletins.index.regen_action') : t('notes.bulletins.index.revalidate_action')}
                                     </AlertDialogAction>
                                 </AlertDialogFooter>
                             </AlertDialogContent>
@@ -180,16 +180,15 @@ export default function Index({ classrooms, periods, rows, activeYear, filters }
                         <AlertDialog open={deleteTarget !== null} onOpenChange={(o) => !o && setDeleteTarget(null)}>
                             <AlertDialogContent>
                                 <AlertDialogHeader>
-                                    <AlertDialogTitle>Dévalider le bulletin de {deleteTarget?.name} ?</AlertDialogTitle>
+                                    <AlertDialogTitle>{t('notes.bulletins.index.devalidate_title', { name: deleteTarget?.name ?? '' })}</AlertDialogTitle>
                                     <AlertDialogDescription>
-                                        Le bulletin figé sera supprimé, y compris ses éditions manuelles. L'élève repassera
-                                        en « brouillon » et pourra être re-validé. Cette action est irréversible.
+                                        {t('notes.bulletins.index.devalidate_desc')}
                                     </AlertDialogDescription>
                                 </AlertDialogHeader>
                                 <AlertDialogFooter>
-                                    <AlertDialogCancel>Annuler</AlertDialogCancel>
+                                    <AlertDialogCancel>{t('common.actions.cancel')}</AlertDialogCancel>
                                     <AlertDialogAction onClick={confirmDelete} className="bg-red-600 hover:bg-red-700">
-                                        Dévalider
+                                        {t('notes.bulletins.index.devalidate')}
                                     </AlertDialogAction>
                                 </AlertDialogFooter>
                             </AlertDialogContent>
@@ -200,12 +199,12 @@ export default function Index({ classrooms, periods, rows, activeYear, filters }
                             <Table>
                                 <TableHeader className="bg-gray-50">
                                     <TableRow>
-                                        <TableHead>Élève</TableHead>
-                                        <TableHead className="text-center">Moyenne</TableHead>
-                                        <TableHead className="text-center">Rang</TableHead>
-                                        <TableHead>Mention</TableHead>
-                                        <TableHead className="text-center">Statut</TableHead>
-                                        <TableHead className="text-right">Bulletin</TableHead>
+                                        <TableHead>{t('notes.bulletins.index.col_student')}</TableHead>
+                                        <TableHead className="text-center">{t('notes.bulletins.index.col_average')}</TableHead>
+                                        <TableHead className="text-center">{t('notes.bulletins.index.col_rank')}</TableHead>
+                                        <TableHead>{t('notes.bulletins.index.col_mention')}</TableHead>
+                                        <TableHead className="text-center">{t('notes.bulletins.index.col_status')}</TableHead>
+                                        <TableHead className="text-right">{t('notes.bulletins.index.col_bulletin')}</TableHead>
                                     </TableRow>
                                 </TableHeader>
                                 <TableBody>
@@ -213,7 +212,7 @@ export default function Index({ classrooms, periods, rows, activeYear, filters }
                                         <TableRow>
                                             <TableCell colSpan={6} className="py-12 text-center text-gray-400">
                                                 <GraduationCap className="w-10 h-10 mx-auto mb-2 opacity-30" />
-                                                Aucun élève actif dans cette classe.
+                                                {t('notes.bulletins.index.empty')}
                                             </TableCell>
                                         </TableRow>
                                     ) : rows.map((r) => (
@@ -230,10 +229,10 @@ export default function Index({ classrooms, periods, rows, activeYear, filters }
                                             <TableCell className="text-center">
                                                 {r.validated ? (
                                                     <span className="inline-flex items-center gap-1 px-2.5 py-1 rounded-full text-xs font-medium bg-emerald-100 text-emerald-700">
-                                                        <CheckCircle2 className="w-3 h-3" /> Validé
+                                                        <CheckCircle2 className="w-3 h-3" /> {t('notes.bulletins.index.status_validated')}
                                                     </span>
                                                 ) : (
-                                                    <span className="inline-flex px-2.5 py-1 rounded-full text-xs font-medium bg-gray-100 text-gray-500">Brouillon</span>
+                                                    <span className="inline-flex px-2.5 py-1 rounded-full text-xs font-medium bg-gray-100 text-gray-500">{t('notes.bulletins.index.status_draft')}</span>
                                                 )}
                                             </TableCell>
                                             <TableCell className="text-right">
@@ -243,7 +242,7 @@ export default function Index({ classrooms, periods, rows, activeYear, filters }
                                                         disabled={!r.validated || !r.report_card_id}
                                                         onClick={() => r.report_card_id && router.get(route('bulletins.edit', r.report_card_id))}
                                                     >
-                                                        <Pencil className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> Éditer
+                                                        <Pencil className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> {t('notes.bulletins.index.edit')}
                                                     </Button>
                                                     <Button
                                                         variant="outline" size="sm" className="gap-1.5"
@@ -253,7 +252,7 @@ export default function Index({ classrooms, periods, rows, activeYear, filters }
                                                         <Download className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> PDF
                                                     </Button>
                                                     <IconButton
-                                                        label="Dévalider ce bulletin"
+                                                        label={t('notes.bulletins.index.devalidate_label')}
                                                         icon={<Trash2 className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />}
                                                         className="gap-1.5 text-red-600 hover:bg-red-50 hover:text-red-700"
                                                         disabled={!r.validated || !r.report_card_id}
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Notes/Grades/Index.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Notes/Grades/Index.tsx
index aae207e8..0b01ad24 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Notes/Grades/Index.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Notes/Grades/Index.tsx
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { Select, SelectContent, SelectItem, SelectTrigger, SelectValue } from '@/components/ui/select';
 import { Table, TableBody, TableCell, TableHead, TableHeader, TableRow } from '@/components/ui/table';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Student {
@@ -56,6 +57,7 @@ export default function Index({
     stats,
     filters,
 }: Readonly<IndexProps>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const [classId, setClassId] = useState(filters.class_id || 'none');
     const [classSubjectId, setClassSubjectId] = useState(filters.class_subject_id || 'none');
     const [term, setTerm] = useState(filters.academic_period_id || 'none');
@@ -135,7 +137,7 @@ export default function Index({
 
     const statsCards = [
         {
-            title: 'Élèves inscrits',
+            title: t('notes.grades.index.stat_students'),
             value: stats.total,
             icon: Users,
             cardClass: 'bg-linear-to-br from-blue-50/70 to-white ring-1 ring-blue-100',
@@ -143,7 +145,7 @@ export default function Index({
             textColor: 'text-blue-600',
         },
         {
-            title: 'Notes saisies',
+            title: t('notes.grades.index.stat_graded'),
             value: stats.graded,
             icon: CheckCircle2,
             cardClass: 'bg-linear-to-br from-emerald-50/70 to-white ring-1 ring-emerald-100',
@@ -151,7 +153,7 @@ export default function Index({
             textColor: 'text-emerald-600',
         },
         {
-            title: 'Moyenne de classe',
+            title: t('notes.grades.index.stat_average'),
             value: stats.average !== null ? `${stats.average}/20` : '—',
             icon: TrendingUp,
             cardClass: 'bg-linear-to-br from-violet-50/70 to-white ring-1 ring-violet-100',
@@ -159,7 +161,7 @@ export default function Index({
             textColor: 'text-violet-600',
         },
         {
-            title: 'Taux de saisie',
+            title: t('notes.grades.index.stat_rate'),
             value: stats.total > 0 ? `${Math.round((stats.graded / stats.total) * 100)}%` : '—',
             icon: BookOpen,
             cardClass: 'bg-linear-to-br from-amber-50/70 to-white ring-1 ring-amber-100',
@@ -168,18 +170,18 @@ export default function Index({
         },
     ];
 
-    const termLabel = periods.find((t) => t.id === term)?.name ?? '';
+    const termLabel = periods.find((p) => p.id === term)?.name ?? '';
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Saisie des Notes" />
+            <Head title={t('notes.grades.index.head')} />
 
             <div className="w-full space-y-6">
                 <div className="flex items-start justify-between">
                     <div>
-                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3"><NotebookPen className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />Saisie des Notes</h1>
+                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3"><NotebookPen className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />{t('notes.grades.index.head')}</h1>
                         <p className="mt-2 text-lg text-gray-600">
-                            {activeYear ? `Année scolaire : ${activeYear.year}` : 'Aucune année scolaire active'}
+                            {activeYear ? t('notes.grades.index.year', { year: activeYear.year }) : t('notes.grades.index.no_year')}
                         </p>
                     </div>
                     {canSave && (
@@ -189,7 +191,7 @@ export default function Index({
                             disabled={saving}
                         >
                             {saved ? <CheckCircle2 className="w-5 h-5" /> : <Save className="w-5 h-5" />}
-                            {saving ? 'Enregistrement...' : saved ? 'Enregistré !' : 'Enregistrer les notes'}
+                            {saving ? t('notes.grades.index.saving') : saved ? t('notes.grades.index.saved') : t('notes.grades.index.save')}
                         </Button>
                     )}
                 </div>
@@ -199,10 +201,10 @@ export default function Index({
                     <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-3 gap-3">
                         <Select value={classId} onValueChange={onClassChange}>
                             <SelectTrigger>
-                                <SelectValue placeholder="Sélectionner une classe" />
+                                <SelectValue placeholder={t('notes.grades.index.select_class')} />
                             </SelectTrigger>
                             <SelectContent>
-                                <SelectItem value="none" disabled>Sélectionner une classe</SelectItem>
+                                <SelectItem value="none" disabled>{t('notes.grades.index.select_class')}</SelectItem>
                                 {classrooms.map((c) => (
                                     <SelectItem key={c.id} value={c.id}>
                                         {c.name} ({c.code})
@@ -217,13 +219,13 @@ export default function Index({
                             disabled={classId === 'none' || classSubjects.length === 0}
                         >
                             <SelectTrigger>
-                                <SelectValue placeholder="Sélectionner une matière" />
+                                <SelectValue placeholder={t('notes.grades.index.select_subject')} />
                             </SelectTrigger>
                             <SelectContent>
-                                <SelectItem value="none" disabled>Sélectionner une matière</SelectItem>
+                                <SelectItem value="none" disabled>{t('notes.grades.index.select_subject')}</SelectItem>
                                 {classSubjects.map((cs) => (
                                     <SelectItem key={cs.id} value={cs.id}>
-                                        {cs.subject.name} (coef. {cs.coefficient})
+                                        {cs.subject.name} ({t('notes.grades.index.coef', { n: cs.coefficient })})
                                     </SelectItem>
                                 ))}
                             </SelectContent>
@@ -235,19 +237,19 @@ export default function Index({
                             disabled={classSubjectId === 'none' || periods.length === 0}
                         >
                             <SelectTrigger>
-                                <SelectValue placeholder="Sélectionner une période" />
+                                <SelectValue placeholder={t('notes.grades.index.select_period')} />
                             </SelectTrigger>
                             <SelectContent>
-                                <SelectItem value="none" disabled>Sélectionner une période</SelectItem>
+                                <SelectItem value="none" disabled>{t('notes.grades.index.select_period')}</SelectItem>
                                 {periods.map((p) => (
-                                    <SelectItem key={p.id} value={p.id}>{p.name}{p.is_current ? ' (en cours)' : ''}</SelectItem>
+                                    <SelectItem key={p.id} value={p.id}>{p.name}{p.is_current ? ` (${t('notes.grades.index.current')})` : ''}</SelectItem>
                                 ))}
                             </SelectContent>
                         </Select>
                     </div>
                     {classId !== 'none' && classSubjects.length === 0 && (
                         <p className="mt-2 text-sm text-amber-600">
-                            Aucune matière assignée à cette classe pour l'année en cours.
+                            {t('notes.grades.index.no_subjects')}
                         </p>
                     )}
                 </div>
@@ -283,7 +285,7 @@ export default function Index({
                                     {selectedSubject.subject.name}
                                 </h2>
                                 <p className="text-sm text-gray-500">
-                                    {termLabel} — Coefficient {selectedSubject.coefficient} — Notes sur 20
+                                    {t('notes.grades.index.subheader', { period: termLabel, coef: selectedSubject.coefficient })}
                                 </p>
                             </div>
                         </div>
@@ -291,11 +293,11 @@ export default function Index({
                             <TableHeader className="bg-gray-50">
                                 <TableRow className="border-b border-gray-200">
                                     <TableHead className="w-14">#</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead>Matricule</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead>Nom & Prénom</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead className="w-36">Note /20</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead>Appréciation</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead className="w-28 text-center">Bulletin</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead>{t('notes.grades.index.col_matricule')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead>{t('notes.grades.index.col_name')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="w-36">{t('notes.grades.index.col_mark')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead>{t('notes.grades.index.col_comment')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="w-28 text-center">{t('notes.grades.index.col_bulletin')}</TableHead>
                                 </TableRow>
                             </TableHeader>
                             <TableBody>
@@ -335,7 +337,7 @@ export default function Index({
                                                 <Input
                                                     value={grades[sg.student_id]?.comments ?? ''}
                                                     onChange={(e) => onCommentsChange(sg.student_id, e.target.value)}
-                                                    placeholder="Appréciation..."
+                                                    placeholder={t('notes.grades.index.comment_ph')}
                                                     className="max-w-xs"
                                                 />
                                             </TableCell>
@@ -346,7 +348,7 @@ export default function Index({
                                                     className="border-gray-300 text-xs"
                                                     onClick={() => router.get(route('grades.student', sg.student_id), { academic_period_id: term })}
                                                 >
-                                                    Bulletin
+                                                    {t('notes.grades.index.bulletin')}
                                                 </Button>
                                             </TableCell>
                                         </TableRow>
@@ -361,7 +363,7 @@ export default function Index({
                                 disabled={saving}
                             >
                                 {saved ? <CheckCircle2 className="w-4 h-4" /> : <Save className="w-4 h-4" />}
-                                {saving ? 'Enregistrement...' : saved ? 'Enregistré !' : 'Enregistrer les notes'}
+                                {saving ? t('notes.grades.index.saving') : saved ? t('notes.grades.index.saved') : t('notes.grades.index.save')}
                             </Button>
                         </div>
                     </div>
@@ -371,8 +373,8 @@ export default function Index({
                 {classId !== 'none' && classSubjectId !== 'none' && term !== 'none' && studentsWithGrades.length === 0 && (
                     <div className="bg-white rounded-2xl shadow-sm ring-1 ring-gray-100 py-16 text-center text-gray-500">
                         <Users className="w-12 h-12 mx-auto mb-3 text-gray-300" />
-                        <p className="text-lg font-medium">Aucun élève inscrit dans cette classe</p>
-                        <p className="text-sm mt-1">Inscrivez des élèves pour saisir leurs notes.</p>
+                        <p className="text-lg font-medium">{t('notes.grades.index.empty_class')}</p>
+                        <p className="text-sm mt-1">{t('notes.grades.index.empty_class_hint')}</p>
                     </div>
                 )}
 
@@ -380,8 +382,8 @@ export default function Index({
                 {classId === 'none' && (
                     <div className="bg-white rounded-2xl shadow-sm ring-1 ring-gray-100 py-16 text-center text-gray-500">
                         <BookOpen className="w-12 h-12 mx-auto mb-3 text-gray-300" />
-                        <p className="text-lg font-medium">Sélectionnez une classe pour commencer</p>
-                        <p className="text-sm mt-1">Choisissez ensuite la matière et le trimestre.</p>
+                        <p className="text-lg font-medium">{t('notes.grades.index.initial')}</p>
+                        <p className="text-sm mt-1">{t('notes.grades.index.initial_hint')}</p>
                     </div>
                 )}
             </div>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Notes/Grades/Student.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Notes/Grades/Student.tsx
index 48badfdb..37e3cf08 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Notes/Grades/Student.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Notes/Grades/Student.tsx
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { Select, SelectContent, SelectItem, SelectTrigger, SelectValue } from '@/components/ui/select';
 import { Table, TableBody, TableCell, TableHead, TableHeader, TableRow } from '@/components/ui/table';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface GradeRow {
@@ -45,9 +46,6 @@ function mentionColor(average: number | null): string {
     return 'text-red-600';
 }
 
-const ordinal = (rank: number | null): string =>
-    rank === null ? '—' : rank === 1 ? '1er' : `${rank}e`;
-
 export default function Student({
     student,
     enrollment,
@@ -59,11 +57,15 @@ export default function Student({
     academic_period_id: term,
     activeYear,
 }: Readonly<StudentProps>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
+    const ordinal = (rank: number | null): string =>
+        rank === null ? '—' : rank === 1 ? t('notes.grades.student.ord_first') : `${rank}${t('notes.grades.student.ord_suffix')}`;
+
     const onTermChange = (value: string) => {
         router.get(route('grades.student', student.id), { academic_period_id: value }, { preserveScroll: true, replace: true });
     };
 
-    const termLabel = periods.find((t) => t.id === term)?.name ?? '';
+    const termLabel = periods.find((p) => p.id === term)?.name ?? '';
     const mentionLabel = mention ?? '—';
 
     const totalCoef = grades.filter((g) => g.score !== null).reduce((sum, g) => sum + g.coefficient, 0);
@@ -71,7 +73,7 @@ export default function Student({
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title={`Bulletin — ${student.lastname} ${student.firstname}`} />
+            <Head title={t('notes.grades.student.head', { name: `${student.lastname} ${student.firstname}` })} />
 
             <div className="w-full space-y-6">
                 {/* Header */}
@@ -84,16 +86,16 @@ export default function Student({
                             onClick={() => router.get(route('grades.index'))}
                         >
                             <ArrowLeft className="w-4 h-4" />
-                            Retour
+                            {t('common.actions.back')}
                         </Button>
                         <div>
                             <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900">
                                 {student.lastname} {student.firstname}
                             </h1>
                             <p className="mt-1 text-gray-500">
-                                Matricule : <span className="font-mono font-medium text-gray-700">{student.matricule}</span>
+                                {t('notes.grades.student.matricule_label')} <span className="font-mono font-medium text-gray-700">{student.matricule}</span>
                                 {enrollment && (
-                                    <> · Classe : <span className="font-medium text-gray-700">{enrollment.classroom.name}</span></>
+                                    <> · {t('notes.grades.student.class_label')} <span className="font-medium text-gray-700">{enrollment.classroom.name}</span></>
                                 )}
                                 {activeYear && (
                                     <> · {activeYear.name}</>
@@ -121,7 +123,7 @@ export default function Student({
                         <div className="bg-linear-to-br from-violet-50/70 to-white ring-1 ring-violet-100 rounded-2xl p-6 shadow-sm">
                             <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
                                 <div>
-                                    <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600">Moyenne générale</p>
+                                    <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600">{t('notes.grades.student.general_average')}</p>
                                     <p className={`text-4xl font-bold mt-2 ${average !== null ? scoreColor(average) : 'text-gray-400'}`}>
                                         {average !== null ? `${average}/20` : '—'}
                                     </p>
@@ -135,7 +137,7 @@ export default function Student({
                         <div className="bg-linear-to-br from-amber-50/70 to-white ring-1 ring-amber-100 rounded-2xl p-6 shadow-sm">
                             <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
                                 <div>
-                                    <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600">Rang</p>
+                                    <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600">{t('notes.grades.student.rank')}</p>
                                     <p className="text-4xl font-bold mt-2 text-amber-600">{ordinal(rangGlobal)}</p>
                                 </div>
                                 <div className="w-12 h-12 rounded-full bg-amber-100 flex items-center justify-center">
@@ -147,7 +149,7 @@ export default function Student({
                         <div className="bg-linear-to-br from-blue-50/70 to-white ring-1 ring-blue-100 rounded-2xl p-6 shadow-sm">
                             <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
                                 <div>
-                                    <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600">Mention</p>
+                                    <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600">{t('notes.grades.student.mention')}</p>
                                     <p className={`text-2xl font-bold mt-2 ${mentionColor(average)}`}>{mentionLabel}</p>
                                 </div>
                                 <div className="w-12 h-12 rounded-full bg-blue-100 flex items-center justify-center">
@@ -159,7 +161,7 @@ export default function Student({
                         <div className="bg-linear-to-br from-emerald-50/70 to-white ring-1 ring-emerald-100 rounded-2xl p-6 shadow-sm">
                             <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
                                 <div>
-                                    <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600">Matières notées</p>
+                                    <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600">{t('notes.grades.student.graded_subjects')}</p>
                                     <p className="text-4xl font-bold mt-2 text-emerald-600">
                                         {graded}<span className="text-lg text-gray-400">/{grades.length}</span>
                                     </p>
@@ -177,22 +179,22 @@ export default function Student({
                     <div className="bg-white rounded-2xl shadow-sm ring-1 ring-gray-100 overflow-hidden">
                         <div className="px-6 py-4 border-b border-gray-100">
                             <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">
-                                Relevé de notes — {termLabel}
+                                {t('notes.grades.student.transcript', { period: termLabel })}
                             </h2>
                             {totalCoef > 0 && (
-                                <p className="text-sm text-gray-500 mt-0.5">Total des coefficients : {totalCoef}</p>
+                                <p className="text-sm text-gray-500 mt-0.5">{t('notes.grades.student.total_coef', { total: totalCoef })}</p>
                             )}
                         </div>
                         {grades.length > 0 ? (
                             <Table>
                                 <TableHeader className="bg-gray-50">
                                     <TableRow className="border-b border-gray-200">
-                                        <TableHead>Matière</TableHead>
-                                        <TableHead className="w-20 text-center">Coef.</TableHead>
-                                        <TableHead className="w-28 text-center">Note /20</TableHead>
-                                        <TableHead className="w-28 text-center">Pondérée</TableHead>
-                                        <TableHead className="w-20 text-center">Rang</TableHead>
-                                        <TableHead>Appréciation</TableHead>
+                                        <TableHead>{t('notes.grades.student.col_subject')}</TableHead>
+                                        <TableHead className="w-20 text-center">{t('notes.grades.student.col_coef')}</TableHead>
+                                        <TableHead className="w-28 text-center">{t('notes.grades.student.col_mark')}</TableHead>
+                                        <TableHead className="w-28 text-center">{t('notes.grades.student.col_weighted')}</TableHead>
+                                        <TableHead className="w-20 text-center">{t('notes.grades.student.col_rank')}</TableHead>
+                                        <TableHead>{t('notes.grades.student.col_comment')}</TableHead>
                                     </TableRow>
                                 </TableHeader>
                                 <TableBody>
@@ -220,7 +222,7 @@ export default function Student({
                                     {/* Average row */}
                                     <TableRow className="bg-gray-50 border-t-2 border-gray-200">
                                         <TableCell colSpan={2} className="font-bold text-gray-900">
-                                            Moyenne générale
+                                            {t('notes.grades.student.general_average')}
                                         </TableCell>
                                         <TableCell className={`text-center text-xl font-bold ${scoreColor(average)}`} colSpan={2}>
                                             {average !== null ? `${average}/20` : '—'}
@@ -237,15 +239,15 @@ export default function Student({
                         ) : (
                             <div className="py-12 text-center text-gray-500">
                                 <BookOpen className="w-10 h-10 mx-auto mb-2 text-gray-300" />
-                                <p>Aucune matière assignée à cette classe.</p>
+                                <p>{t('notes.grades.student.no_subjects')}</p>
                             </div>
                         )}
                     </div>
                 ) : (
                     <div className="bg-white rounded-2xl shadow-sm ring-1 ring-gray-100 py-16 text-center text-gray-500">
                         <TrendingDown className="w-12 h-12 mx-auto mb-3 text-gray-300" />
-                        <p className="text-lg font-medium">Élève non inscrit cette année</p>
-                        <p className="text-sm mt-1">Cet élève n'a pas d'inscription active pour l'année scolaire en cours.</p>
+                        <p className="text-lg font-medium">{t('notes.grades.student.not_enrolled')}</p>
+                        <p className="text-sm mt-1">{t('notes.grades.student.not_enrolled_hint')}</p>
                     </div>
                 )}
             </div>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Notes/NoteReclamations/Create.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Notes/NoteReclamations/Create.tsx
index 17e5cb6b..d2e13985 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Notes/NoteReclamations/Create.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Notes/NoteReclamations/Create.tsx
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import { AlertTriangle, ArrowLeft, Lock } from 'lucide-react';
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Student { id: string; firstname: string; lastname: string; matricule: string; }
@@ -20,6 +21,7 @@ interface Props {
 }
 
 export default function Create({ evaluation, student, originalScore, pendingExists }: Readonly<Props>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const { data, setData, post, processing, errors } = useForm({
         evaluation_id:   evaluation.id,
         student_id:      student.id,
@@ -35,7 +37,7 @@ export default function Create({ evaluation, student, originalScore, pendingExis
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Déposer une réclamation" />
+            <Head title={t('notes.reclamations.create.head')} />
 
             <div className="w-full space-y-6">
 
@@ -44,8 +46,8 @@ export default function Create({ evaluation, student, originalScore, pendingExis
                         <ArrowLeft className="w-4 h-4" />
                     </Button>
                     <div>
-                        <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900">Déposer une réclamation</h1>
-                        <p className="text-gray-500 mt-0.5">Correction d'une note sur évaluation clôturée</p>
+                        <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900">{t('notes.reclamations.create.head')}</h1>
+                        <p className="text-gray-500 mt-0.5">{t('notes.reclamations.create.subtitle')}</p>
                     </div>
                 </div>
 
@@ -53,17 +55,17 @@ export default function Create({ evaluation, student, originalScore, pendingExis
                 <div className="bg-red-50 ring-1 ring-red-200 rounded-2xl p-4 flex gap-3">
                     <Lock className="w-5 h-5 text-red-500 shrink-0 mt-0.5" />
                     <div>
-                        <p className="font-semibold text-red-800">Évaluation clôturée</p>
+                        <p className="font-semibold text-red-800">{t('notes.reclamations.create.locked')}</p>
                         <p className="text-sm text-red-600 mt-0.5">
                             {evaluation.template.name} — {evaluation.class_subject.class.name} · {evaluation.class_subject.subject.name}
                         </p>
-                        <p className="text-xs text-red-500 mt-0.5">{evaluation.template.academic_period.name} · Sur {evaluation.template.max_score}</p>
+                        <p className="text-xs text-red-500 mt-0.5">{evaluation.template.academic_period.name} · {t('notes.reclamations.create.on_max', { max: evaluation.template.max_score })}</p>
                     </div>
                 </div>
 
                 {/* Student info */}
                 <div className="bg-blue-50 ring-1 ring-blue-100 rounded-2xl p-4">
-                    <p className="text-sm font-medium text-blue-800">Élève concerné</p>
+                    <p className="text-sm font-medium text-blue-800">{t('notes.reclamations.create.student_concerned')}</p>
                     <p className="font-bold text-blue-900 mt-0.5">{student.lastname} {student.firstname}</p>
                     <p className="text-xs text-blue-600 font-mono">{student.matricule}</p>
                 </div>
@@ -72,8 +74,8 @@ export default function Create({ evaluation, student, originalScore, pendingExis
                     <div className="bg-amber-50 ring-1 ring-amber-200 rounded-2xl p-4 flex gap-3">
                         <AlertTriangle className="w-5 h-5 text-amber-600 shrink-0 mt-0.5" />
                         <div>
-                            <p className="font-semibold text-amber-800">Réclamation déjà en cours</p>
-                            <p className="text-sm text-amber-600 mt-0.5">Une réclamation est déjà en attente de traitement pour cet élève.</p>
+                            <p className="font-semibold text-amber-800">{t('notes.reclamations.create.pending_exists')}</p>
+                            <p className="text-sm text-amber-600 mt-0.5">{t('notes.reclamations.create.pending_exists_hint')}</p>
                         </div>
                     </div>
                 )}
@@ -83,7 +85,7 @@ export default function Create({ evaluation, student, originalScore, pendingExis
 
                         <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-4">
                             <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                                <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Note actuelle (enregistrée)</label>
+                                <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('notes.reclamations.create.current_score')}</label>
                                 <div className="relative">
                                     <Input
                                         type="number" min={0} max={evaluation.template.max_score} step={0.25}
@@ -98,7 +100,7 @@ export default function Create({ evaluation, student, originalScore, pendingExis
                             </div>
 
                             <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                                <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Note souhaitée</label>
+                                <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('notes.reclamations.create.requested_score')}</label>
                                 <div className="relative">
                                     <Input
                                         type="number" min={0} max={evaluation.template.max_score} step={0.25}
@@ -113,12 +115,12 @@ export default function Create({ evaluation, student, originalScore, pendingExis
                         </div>
 
                         <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                            <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Raison de la réclamation *</label>
+                            <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('notes.reclamations.create.reason')}</label>
                             <textarea
                                 value={data.reason}
                                 onChange={e => setData('reason', e.target.value)}
                                 rows={4}
-                                placeholder="Décrivez le motif de la réclamation (erreur de saisie, absent justifié, etc.)"
+                                placeholder={t('notes.reclamations.create.reason_ph')}
                                 className={`w-full rounded-md border px-3 py-2 text-sm focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-blue-500 resize-none ${errors.reason ? 'border-red-400' : 'border-gray-300'}`}
                             />
                             {errors.reason && <p className="text-xs text-red-500">{errors.reason}</p>}
@@ -126,10 +128,10 @@ export default function Create({ evaluation, student, originalScore, pendingExis
 
                         <div className="flex justify-end gap-3 pt-2 border-t border-gray-100">
                             <Button type="button" variant="outline" onClick={() => history.back()}>
-                                Annuler
+                                {t('common.actions.cancel')}
                             </Button>
                             <Button type="submit" className="bg-orange-600 hover:bg-orange-700" disabled={processing}>
-                                {processing ? 'Envoi...' : 'Déposer la réclamation'}
+                                {processing ? t('notes.reclamations.create.submitting') : t('notes.reclamations.create.submit')}
                             </Button>
                         </div>
                     </form>
@@ -138,7 +140,7 @@ export default function Create({ evaluation, student, originalScore, pendingExis
                 {pendingExists && (
                     <div className="flex justify-center">
                         <Button variant="outline" onClick={() => router.get(route('note-reclamations.index'))}>
-                            Voir les réclamations
+                            {t('notes.reclamations.create.view_reclamations')}
                         </Button>
                     </div>
                 )}
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Notes/NoteReclamations/Index.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Notes/NoteReclamations/Index.tsx
index e05c3609..b52bacb9 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Notes/NoteReclamations/Index.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Notes/NoteReclamations/Index.tsx
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { Select, SelectContent, SelectItem, SelectTrigger, SelectValue } from '@/components/ui/select';
 import { Table, TableBody, TableCell, TableHead, TableHeader, TableRow } from '@/components/ui/table';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Student { id: string; firstname: string; lastname: string; matricule: string; }
@@ -36,12 +37,14 @@ interface Props {
 }
 
 const STATUS_CONFIG = {
-    pending:  { label: 'En attente',  icon: Clock,         cls: 'bg-amber-100 text-amber-700' },
-    approved: { label: 'Approuvée',   icon: CheckCircle2,  cls: 'bg-emerald-100 text-emerald-700' },
-    rejected: { label: 'Rejetée',     icon: XCircle,       cls: 'bg-red-100 text-red-700' },
+    pending:  { icon: Clock,         cls: 'bg-amber-100 text-amber-700' },
+    approved: { icon: CheckCircle2,  cls: 'bg-emerald-100 text-emerald-700' },
+    rejected: { icon: XCircle,       cls: 'bg-red-100 text-red-700' },
 };
 
 export default function Index({ reclamations, filters, canReview }: Readonly<Props>) {
+    const { t, locale } = useTranslation();
+    const dateLocale = locale === 'en' ? 'en-GB' : 'fr-FR';
     const [status, setStatus] = useState(filters.status || 'all');
 
     const onStatusChange = (v: string) => {
@@ -53,22 +56,22 @@ export default function Index({ reclamations, filters, canReview }: Readonly<Pro
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Réclamations de notes" />
+            <Head title={t('notes.reclamations.index.head')} />
 
             <div className="w-full space-y-6">
 
                 {/* Header */}
                 <div className="flex items-start justify-between">
                     <div>
-                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3"><AlertCircle className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />Réclamations de notes</h1>
+                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3"><AlertCircle className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />{t('notes.reclamations.index.head')}</h1>
                         <p className="mt-2 text-lg text-gray-600">
-                            Demandes de correction sur évaluations clôturées
+                            {t('notes.reclamations.index.subtitle')}
                         </p>
                     </div>
                     {pendingCount > 0 && canReview && (
                         <div className="flex items-center gap-2 px-4 py-2 bg-amber-50 ring-1 ring-amber-200 rounded-xl text-amber-700 text-sm font-medium">
                             <AlertCircle className="w-4 h-4" />
-                            {pendingCount} en attente de traitement
+                            {t('notes.reclamations.index.pending_badge', { count: pendingCount })}
                         </div>
                     )}
                 </div>
@@ -77,13 +80,13 @@ export default function Index({ reclamations, filters, canReview }: Readonly<Pro
                 <div className="rounded-2xl bg-slate-50/70 ring-1 ring-slate-200 shadow-sm p-4 flex gap-3 items-center">
                     <Select value={status} onValueChange={onStatusChange}>
                         <SelectTrigger className="w-44">
-                            <SelectValue placeholder="Tous les statuts" />
+                            <SelectValue placeholder={t('notes.reclamations.index.all_statuses')} />
                         </SelectTrigger>
                         <SelectContent>
-                            <SelectItem value="all">Tous les statuts</SelectItem>
-                            <SelectItem value="pending">En attente</SelectItem>
-                            <SelectItem value="approved">Approuvées</SelectItem>
-                            <SelectItem value="rejected">Rejetées</SelectItem>
+                            <SelectItem value="all">{t('notes.reclamations.index.all_statuses')}</SelectItem>
+                            <SelectItem value="pending">{t('notes.reclamations.index.status_pending')}</SelectItem>
+                            <SelectItem value="approved">{t('notes.reclamations.index.status_approved')}</SelectItem>
+                            <SelectItem value="rejected">{t('notes.reclamations.index.status_rejected')}</SelectItem>
                         </SelectContent>
                     </Select>
                 </div>
@@ -93,14 +96,14 @@ export default function Index({ reclamations, filters, canReview }: Readonly<Pro
                     <Table>
                         <TableHeader className="bg-gray-50">
                             <TableRow>
-                                <TableHead>Date</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead>Élève</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead>Évaluation</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead>Demandé par</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="text-center">Score orig.</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="text-center">Score dem.</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="text-center">Statut</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="text-center w-24">Action</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead>{t('notes.reclamations.index.col_date')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead>{t('notes.reclamations.index.col_student')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead>{t('notes.reclamations.index.col_evaluation')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead>{t('notes.reclamations.index.col_requested_by')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="text-center">{t('notes.reclamations.index.col_original')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="text-center">{t('notes.reclamations.index.col_requested')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="text-center">{t('notes.reclamations.index.col_status')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="text-center w-24">{t('notes.reclamations.index.col_action')}</TableHead>
                             </TableRow>
                         </TableHeader>
                         <TableBody>
@@ -108,7 +111,7 @@ export default function Index({ reclamations, filters, canReview }: Readonly<Pro
                                 <TableRow>
                                     <TableCell colSpan={8} className="py-16 text-center text-gray-400">
                                         <AlertCircle className="w-10 h-10 mx-auto mb-2 opacity-30" />
-                                        Aucune réclamation.
+                                        {t('notes.reclamations.index.empty')}
                                     </TableCell>
                                 </TableRow>
                             ) : reclamations.data.map(r => {
@@ -120,7 +123,7 @@ export default function Index({ reclamations, filters, canReview }: Readonly<Pro
                                         className={`transition-colors ${r.status === 'pending' ? 'bg-amber-50/30' : 'hover:bg-gray-50/50'}`}
                                     >
                                         <TableCell className="text-sm text-gray-500">
-                                            {new Date(r.created_at).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR')}
+                                            {new Date(r.created_at).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale)}
                                         </TableCell>
                                         <TableCell>
                                             <div className="font-medium text-gray-900">
@@ -147,7 +150,7 @@ export default function Index({ reclamations, filters, canReview }: Readonly<Pro
                                         <TableCell className="text-center">
                                             <span className={`inline-flex items-center gap-1 px-2 py-0.5 rounded-full text-xs font-medium ${sc.cls}`}>
                                                 <Icon className="w-3 h-3" />
-                                                {sc.label}
+                                                {t('notes.reclamations.status.' + r.status)}
                                             </span>
                                         </TableCell>
                                         <TableCell className="text-center">
@@ -156,7 +159,7 @@ export default function Index({ reclamations, filters, canReview }: Readonly<Pro
                                                 onClick={() => router.get(route('note-reclamations.show', r.id))}
                                             >
                                                 <Eye className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />
-                                                {canReview && r.status === 'pending' ? 'Traiter' : 'Voir'}
+                                                {canReview && r.status === 'pending' ? t('notes.reclamations.index.process') : t('notes.reclamations.index.view')}
                                             </Button>
                                         </TableCell>
                                     </TableRow>
@@ -166,7 +169,7 @@ export default function Index({ reclamations, filters, canReview }: Readonly<Pro
                     </Table>
                 </div>
 
-                <p className="text-sm text-gray-400 text-right">{reclamations.total} réclamation(s)</p>
+                <p className="text-sm text-gray-400 text-right">{t('notes.reclamations.index.total', { count: reclamations.total })}</p>
             </div>
         </AppLayout>
     );
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Notes/NoteReclamations/Show.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Notes/NoteReclamations/Show.tsx
index 6368297f..81537133 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Notes/NoteReclamations/Show.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Notes/NoteReclamations/Show.tsx
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import { useState } from 'react';
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Reclamation {
@@ -33,12 +34,14 @@ interface Props {
 }
 
 const STATUS = {
-    pending:  { label: 'En attente', icon: Clock, cls: 'bg-amber-100 text-amber-700 ring-amber-200' },
-    approved: { label: 'Approuvée',  icon: CheckCircle2, cls: 'bg-emerald-100 text-emerald-700 ring-emerald-200' },
-    rejected: { label: 'Rejetée',   icon: XCircle, cls: 'bg-red-100 text-red-700 ring-red-200' },
+    pending:  { icon: Clock, cls: 'bg-amber-100 text-amber-700 ring-amber-200' },
+    approved: { icon: CheckCircle2, cls: 'bg-emerald-100 text-emerald-700 ring-emerald-200' },
+    rejected: { icon: XCircle, cls: 'bg-red-100 text-red-700 ring-red-200' },
 };
 
 export default function Show({ reclamation, canReview }: Readonly<Props>) {
+    const { t, locale } = useTranslation();
+    const dateLocale = locale === 'en' ? 'en-GB' : 'fr-FR';
     const [action, setAction] = useState<'approve' | 'reject' | null>(null);
 
     const { data, setData, patch, processing, errors, reset } = useForm({
@@ -60,7 +63,7 @@ export default function Show({ reclamation, canReview }: Readonly<Props>) {
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title={`Réclamation — ${reclamation.student.lastname} ${reclamation.student.firstname}`} />
+            <Head title={t('notes.reclamations.show.head', { name: `${reclamation.student.lastname} ${reclamation.student.firstname}` })} />
 
             <div className="w-full space-y-6">
 
@@ -70,24 +73,24 @@ export default function Show({ reclamation, canReview }: Readonly<Props>) {
                         <ArrowLeft className="w-4 h-4" />
                     </Button>
                     <div>
-                        <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900">Détail de la réclamation</h1>
-                        <p className="text-gray-500 mt-0.5">Déposée le {new Date(reclamation.created_at).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR')}</p>
+                        <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900">{t('notes.reclamations.show.title')}</h1>
+                        <p className="text-gray-500 mt-0.5">{t('notes.reclamations.show.filed_on', { date: new Date(reclamation.created_at).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale) })}</p>
                     </div>
                     <span className={`ml-auto inline-flex items-center gap-1.5 px-3 py-1.5 rounded-full text-sm font-medium ring-1 ${sc.cls}`}>
                         <Icon className="w-4 h-4" />
-                        {sc.label}
+                        {t('notes.reclamations.status.' + reclamation.status)}
                     </span>
                 </div>
 
                 {/* Info cards */}
                 <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-4">
                     <div className="bg-white rounded-2xl shadow-sm ring-1 ring-gray-100 p-5">
-                        <p className="text-xs font-medium text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide mb-2">Élève</p>
+                        <p className="text-xs font-medium text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide mb-2">{t('notes.reclamations.show.student')}</p>
                         <p className="font-bold text-gray-900 text-lg">{reclamation.student.lastname} {reclamation.student.firstname}</p>
                         <p className="text-sm text-gray-500 font-mono">{reclamation.student.matricule}</p>
                     </div>
                     <div className="bg-white rounded-2xl shadow-sm ring-1 ring-gray-100 p-5">
-                        <p className="text-xs font-medium text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide mb-2">Évaluation</p>
+                        <p className="text-xs font-medium text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide mb-2">{t('notes.reclamations.show.evaluation')}</p>
                         <p className="font-bold text-gray-900">{reclamation.evaluation.template.name}</p>
                         <p className="text-sm text-gray-500">
                             {reclamation.evaluation.class_subject.class.name} · {reclamation.evaluation.class_subject.subject.name}
@@ -100,15 +103,15 @@ export default function Show({ reclamation, canReview }: Readonly<Props>) {
                 <div className="bg-white rounded-2xl shadow-sm ring-1 ring-gray-100 p-5">
                     <div className="grid grid-cols-3 gap-4 text-center">
                         <div>
-                            <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 mb-1">Note enregistrée</p>
+                            <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 mb-1">{t('notes.reclamations.show.score_registered')}</p>
                             <p className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-700">{reclamation.original_score ?? '—'}</p>
                         </div>
                         <div>
-                            <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 mb-1">Note souhaitée</p>
+                            <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 mb-1">{t('notes.reclamations.show.score_requested')}</p>
                             <p className="text-3xl font-bold text-blue-600">{reclamation.requested_score ?? '—'}</p>
                         </div>
                         <div>
-                            <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 mb-1">Note corrigée</p>
+                            <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 mb-1">{t('notes.reclamations.show.score_corrected')}</p>
                             <p className={`text-3xl font-bold ${reclamation.corrected_score !== null ? 'text-emerald-600' : 'text-gray-300'}`}>
                                 {reclamation.corrected_score ?? '—'}
                             </p>
@@ -118,10 +121,10 @@ export default function Show({ reclamation, canReview }: Readonly<Props>) {
 
                 {/* Reason */}
                 <div className="bg-white rounded-2xl shadow-sm ring-1 ring-gray-100 p-5">
-                    <p className="text-xs font-medium text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide mb-2">Motif de la réclamation</p>
+                    <p className="text-xs font-medium text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide mb-2">{t('notes.reclamations.show.reason_label')}</p>
                     <p className="text-gray-700 whitespace-pre-wrap">{reclamation.reason}</p>
                     <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 mt-3">
-                        Demandé par {reclamation.requested_by.firstname} {reclamation.requested_by.lastname}
+                        {t('notes.reclamations.show.requested_by', { name: `${reclamation.requested_by.firstname} ${reclamation.requested_by.lastname}` })}
                     </p>
                 </div>
 
@@ -129,16 +132,16 @@ export default function Show({ reclamation, canReview }: Readonly<Props>) {
                 {reclamation.status !== 'pending' && (
                     <div className={`rounded-2xl p-5 ring-1 ${reclamation.status === 'approved' ? 'bg-emerald-50 ring-emerald-200' : 'bg-red-50 ring-red-200'}`}>
                         <p className="text-xs font-medium uppercase tracking-wide mb-2 ${reclamation.status === 'approved' ? 'text-emerald-600' : 'text-red-600'}">
-                            Décision — {reclamation.status === 'approved' ? 'Approuvée' : 'Rejetée'}
+                            {t('notes.reclamations.show.decision', { status: t('notes.reclamations.status.' + reclamation.status) })}
                         </p>
                         {reclamation.correction_note && (
                             <p className="text-gray-700 whitespace-pre-wrap">{reclamation.correction_note}</p>
                         )}
                         {reclamation.reviewed_by && (
                             <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 mt-2">
-                                Par {reclamation.reviewed_by.firstname} {reclamation.reviewed_by.lastname}
+                                {t('notes.reclamations.show.reviewed_by', { name: `${reclamation.reviewed_by.firstname} ${reclamation.reviewed_by.lastname}` })}
                                 {reclamation.reviewed_at && (
-                                    <> · {new Date(reclamation.reviewed_at).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR')}</>
+                                    <> · {new Date(reclamation.reviewed_at).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale)}</>
                                 )}
                             </p>
                         )}
@@ -148,7 +151,7 @@ export default function Show({ reclamation, canReview }: Readonly<Props>) {
                 {/* Review form (admin only, pending only) */}
                 {canReview && reclamation.status === 'pending' && (
                     <div className="bg-white rounded-2xl shadow-sm ring-1 ring-gray-100 p-5 space-y-4">
-                        <p className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Traiter la réclamation</p>
+                        <p className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('notes.reclamations.show.process_title')}</p>
 
                         {action === null && (
                             <div className="flex gap-3">
@@ -156,14 +159,14 @@ export default function Show({ reclamation, canReview }: Readonly<Props>) {
                                     className="gap-2 bg-emerald-600 hover:bg-emerald-700"
                                     onClick={() => { setAction('approve'); setData('status', 'approved'); }}
                                 >
-                                    <CheckCircle2 className="w-4 h-4" /> Approuver
+                                    <CheckCircle2 className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('notes.reclamations.show.approve')}
                                 </Button>
                                 <Button
                                     variant="outline"
                                     className="gap-2 border-red-200 text-red-600 hover:bg-red-50"
                                     onClick={() => { setAction('reject'); setData('status', 'rejected'); }}
                                 >
-                                    <XCircle className="w-4 h-4" /> Rejeter
+                                    <XCircle className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('notes.reclamations.show.reject')}
                                 </Button>
                             </div>
                         )}
@@ -171,12 +174,12 @@ export default function Show({ reclamation, canReview }: Readonly<Props>) {
                         {action !== null && (
                             <form onSubmit={onSubmit} className="space-y-4">
                                 <div className={`text-sm font-medium px-3 py-2 rounded-lg ${action === 'approve' ? 'bg-emerald-50 text-emerald-700' : 'bg-red-50 text-red-700'}`}>
-                                    {action === 'approve' ? 'Approbation de la réclamation' : 'Rejet de la réclamation'}
+                                    {action === 'approve' ? t('notes.reclamations.show.approving') : t('notes.reclamations.show.rejecting')}
                                 </div>
 
                                 {action === 'approve' && (
                                     <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                                        <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Note corrigée *</label>
+                                        <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('notes.reclamations.show.corrected_score_label')}</label>
                                         <div className="relative w-40">
                                             <Input
                                                 type="number" min={0} max={maxScore} step={0.25}
@@ -193,23 +196,23 @@ export default function Show({ reclamation, canReview }: Readonly<Props>) {
 
                                 <div className="space-y-1.5">
                                     <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">
-                                        {action === 'approve' ? 'Note interne (optionnel)' : 'Motif du rejet'}
+                                        {action === 'approve' ? t('notes.reclamations.show.internal_note') : t('notes.reclamations.show.reject_reason')}
                                     </label>
                                     <textarea
                                         value={data.correction_note}
                                         onChange={e => setData('correction_note', e.target.value)}
                                         rows={3}
-                                        placeholder={action === 'approve' ? 'Remarques éventuelles...' : 'Expliquez pourquoi la réclamation est rejetée...'}
+                                        placeholder={action === 'approve' ? t('notes.reclamations.show.internal_note_ph') : t('notes.reclamations.show.reject_reason_ph')}
                                         className="w-full rounded-md border border-gray-300 px-3 py-2 text-sm focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-blue-500 resize-none"
                                     />
                                 </div>
 
                                 <div className="flex gap-3">
                                     <Button type="submit" className={action === 'approve' ? 'bg-emerald-600 hover:bg-emerald-700' : 'bg-red-600 hover:bg-red-700'} disabled={processing}>
-                                        {processing ? 'Enregistrement...' : action === 'approve' ? 'Confirmer l\'approbation' : 'Confirmer le rejet'}
+                                        {processing ? t('notes.reclamations.show.saving') : action === 'approve' ? t('notes.reclamations.show.confirm_approve') : t('notes.reclamations.show.confirm_reject')}
                                     </Button>
                                     <Button type="button" variant="outline" onClick={() => setAction(null)}>
-                                        Annuler
+                                        {t('common.actions.cancel')}
                                     </Button>
                                 </div>
                             </form>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Paie/PayRuns/Create.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Paie/PayRuns/Create.tsx
index 88d71a7d..040f3ea6 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Paie/PayRuns/Create.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Paie/PayRuns/Create.tsx
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import {
     Select, SelectContent, SelectItem, SelectTrigger, SelectValue,
 } from '@/components/ui/select';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Props {
@@ -13,11 +14,11 @@ interface Props {
     defaultComponents: number;
 }
 
-const MONTHS = ['', 'Janvier', 'Février', 'Mars', 'Avril', 'Mai', 'Juin', 'Juillet', 'Août', 'Septembre', 'Octobre', 'Novembre', 'Décembre'];
-
 interface FormData { period_month: string; period_year: string; label: string; }
 
 export default function Create({ activeEmployees, defaultComponents }: Readonly<Props>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
+    const MONTHS = ['', ...Array.from({ length: 12 }, (_, i) => t('paie.months.' + (i + 1)))];
     const now = new Date();
     const { data, setData, post, processing, errors } = useForm<FormData>({
         period_month: String(now.getMonth() + 1),
@@ -32,26 +33,26 @@ export default function Create({ activeEmployees, defaultComponents }: Readonly<
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Nouveau cycle de paie" />
+            <Head title={t('paie.create.head')} />
             <div className="space-y-6">
                 <div className="flex items-center gap-4">
                     <button type="button" onClick={() => router.get(route('pay-runs.index'))} className="p-2 hover:bg-gray-100 rounded-lg transition">
                         <ArrowLeft className="w-5 h-5 text-gray-600" />
                     </button>
                     <div>
-                        <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900">Nouveau cycle de paie</h1>
-                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-500 mt-0.5">Un bulletin sera généré pour chaque employé actif.</p>
+                        <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900">{t('paie.create.title')}</h1>
+                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-500 mt-0.5">{t('paie.create.subtitle')}</p>
                     </div>
                 </div>
 
                 <form onSubmit={submit} className="space-y-6 max-w-3xl">
                     <div className="rounded-2xl bg-linear-to-br from-blue-50 to-white ring-1 ring-blue-100 p-6 shadow-sm space-y-4">
                         <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-blue-700">
-                            <Receipt className="h-4 w-4" /><p className="text-sm font-semibold">Période</p>
+                            <Receipt className="h-4 w-4" /><p className="text-sm font-semibold">{t('paie.create.period')}</p>
                         </div>
                         <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-4">
                             <div>
-                                <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Mois *</label>
+                                <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{t('paie.create.month')}</label>
                                 <Select value={data.period_month} onValueChange={(v) => setData('period_month', v)}>
                                     <SelectTrigger className={errors.period_month ? 'border-red-500' : ''}><SelectValue /></SelectTrigger>
                                     <SelectContent>
@@ -61,13 +62,13 @@ export default function Create({ activeEmployees, defaultComponents }: Readonly<
                                 {errors.period_month && <p className="text-red-600 text-sm mt-1">{errors.period_month}</p>}
                             </div>
                             <div>
-                                <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Année *</label>
+                                <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{t('paie.create.year')}</label>
                                 <Input type="number" min={2000} max={2100} value={data.period_year} onChange={e => setData('period_year', e.target.value)} className={errors.period_year ? 'border-red-500' : ''} />
                                 {errors.period_year && <p className="text-red-600 text-sm mt-1">{errors.period_year}</p>}
                             </div>
                             <div className="md:col-span-2">
-                                <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Libellé (optionnel)</label>
-                                <Input value={data.label} onChange={e => setData('label', e.target.value)} placeholder="Ex: Paie de fin d'année" />
+                                <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{t('paie.create.label')}</label>
+                                <Input value={data.label} onChange={e => setData('label', e.target.value)} placeholder={t('paie.create.label_ph')} />
                             </div>
                         </div>
                         {(errors as Record<string, string>).period && <p className="text-red-600 text-sm">{(errors as Record<string, string>).period}</p>}
@@ -76,19 +77,19 @@ export default function Create({ activeEmployees, defaultComponents }: Readonly<
                     <div className="rounded-xl bg-slate-50 ring-1 ring-slate-100 p-4 flex items-start gap-3 text-sm text-gray-600">
                         <Info className="w-4 h-4 text-blue-500 mt-0.5 shrink-0" />
                         <div className="space-y-1">
-                            <p className="flex items-center gap-2"><Users className="w-4 h-4 text-gray-400" /> <strong>{activeEmployees}</strong> employé(s) actif(s) — un bulletin par employé.</p>
-                            <p className="flex items-center gap-2"><Coins className="w-4 h-4 text-gray-400" /> <strong>{defaultComponents}</strong> rubrique(s) automatique(s) appliquée(s).</p>
-                            <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">Vous pourrez ajuster chaque bulletin tant que le cycle est en brouillon.</p>
+                            <p className="flex items-center gap-2"><Users className="w-4 h-4 text-gray-400" /> {t('paie.create.employees_info', { count: activeEmployees })}</p>
+                            <p className="flex items-center gap-2"><Coins className="w-4 h-4 text-gray-400" /> {t('paie.create.components_info', { count: defaultComponents })}</p>
+                            <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">{t('paie.create.draft_note')}</p>
                         </div>
                     </div>
 
                     <div className="flex gap-3">
                         <Button type="submit" disabled={processing || activeEmployees === 0} className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700">
-                            {processing ? 'Génération...' : 'Générer le cycle'}
+                            {processing ? t('paie.create.generating') : t('paie.create.generate')}
                         </Button>
-                        <Button type="button" variant="outline" className="border-slate-200 text-gray-700" onClick={() => router.get(route('pay-runs.index'))}>Annuler</Button>
+                        <Button type="button" variant="outline" className="border-slate-200 text-gray-700" onClick={() => router.get(route('pay-runs.index'))}>{t('paie.create.cancel')}</Button>
                     </div>
-                    {activeEmployees === 0 && <p className="text-sm text-amber-600">Ajoutez d'abord des employés actifs.</p>}
+                    {activeEmployees === 0 && <p className="text-sm text-amber-600">{t('paie.create.no_employees')}</p>}
                 </form>
             </div>
         </AppLayout>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Paie/PayRuns/Index.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Paie/PayRuns/Index.tsx
index 0b0e7458..4f85367f 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Paie/PayRuns/Index.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Paie/PayRuns/Index.tsx
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import {
 } from '@/components/ui/table';
 import { useMoney } from '@/helpers/money';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface PayRun {
@@ -45,17 +46,17 @@ interface Props {
 
 const PER_PAGE_OPTIONS = [10, 25, 50, 100];
 
-const MONTHS = ['', 'Janvier', 'Février', 'Mars', 'Avril', 'Mai', 'Juin', 'Juillet', 'Août', 'Septembre', 'Octobre', 'Novembre', 'Décembre'];
-
-const STATUS: Record<string, { label: string; cls: string }> = {
-    draft:     { label: 'Brouillon', cls: 'bg-gray-100 text-gray-600' },
-    validated: { label: 'Validé',    cls: 'bg-blue-100 text-blue-700' },
-    paid:      { label: 'Payé',      cls: 'bg-green-100 text-green-700' },
-    cancelled: { label: 'Annulé',    cls: 'bg-red-100 text-red-600' },
+const STATUS_CLS: Record<string, string> = {
+    draft:     'bg-gray-100 text-gray-600',
+    validated: 'bg-blue-100 text-blue-700',
+    paid:      'bg-green-100 text-green-700',
+    cancelled: 'bg-red-100 text-red-600',
 };
 
 export default function Index({ payRuns, years, perPage, canDelete, filters }: Readonly<Props>) {
     const fmt = useMoney();
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
+    const MONTHS = ['', ...Array.from({ length: 12 }, (_, i) => t('paie.months.' + (i + 1)))];
     const [search, setSearch] = useState(filters.search ?? '');
     const [status, setStatus] = useState(filters.status ?? '');
     const [year, setYear] = useState(filters.period_year ?? '');
@@ -85,17 +86,17 @@ export default function Index({ payRuns, years, perPage, canDelete, filters }: R
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Cycles de paie" />
+            <Head title={t('paie.index.head')} />
             <div className="space-y-5">
                 <div className="flex items-center justify-between flex-wrap gap-3">
                     <div>
                         <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-2">
-                            <Receipt className="w-7 h-7 text-blue-600" /> Cycles de paie
+                            <Receipt className="w-7 h-7 text-blue-600" /> {t('paie.index.head')}
                         </h1>
-                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-500 mt-0.5">Générez, validez et décaissez la paie mensuelle.</p>
+                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-500 mt-0.5">{t('paie.index.subtitle')}</p>
                     </div>
                     <Button className="gap-2 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700" onClick={() => router.get(route('pay-runs.create'))}>
-                        <Plus className="w-4 h-4" /> Nouveau cycle
+                        <Plus className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('paie.index.new')}
                     </Button>
                 </div>
 
@@ -108,34 +109,34 @@ export default function Index({ payRuns, years, perPage, canDelete, filters }: R
                                 value={search}
                                 onChange={e => setSearch(e.target.value)}
                                 onKeyDown={e => e.key === 'Enter' && apply()}
-                                placeholder="Référence, libellé..."
+                                placeholder={t('paie.index.search_ph')}
                                 className="pl-10 border-gray-300"
                             />
                         </div>
 
                         <select value={status} onChange={e => setStatus(e.target.value)} className={selectCls}>
-                            <option value="">Tous les statuts</option>
-                            <option value="draft">Brouillon</option>
-                            <option value="validated">Validé</option>
-                            <option value="paid">Payé</option>
-                            <option value="cancelled">Annulé</option>
+                            <option value="">{t('paie.index.all_statuses')}</option>
+                            <option value="draft">{t('paie.status.draft')}</option>
+                            <option value="validated">{t('paie.status.validated')}</option>
+                            <option value="paid">{t('paie.status.paid')}</option>
+                            <option value="cancelled">{t('paie.status.cancelled')}</option>
                         </select>
 
                         <select value={year} onChange={e => setYear(e.target.value)} className={selectCls}>
-                            <option value="">Toutes les années</option>
+                            <option value="">{t('paie.index.all_years')}</option>
                             {years.map(y => <option key={y} value={y}>{y}</option>)}
                         </select>
 
                         <select value={month} onChange={e => setMonth(e.target.value)} className={selectCls}>
-                            <option value="">Tous les mois</option>
+                            <option value="">{t('paie.index.all_months')}</option>
                             {MONTHS.slice(1).map((m, i) => <option key={m} value={i + 1}>{m}</option>)}
                         </select>
 
                         <Button onClick={() => apply()} className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700 text-white gap-2">
-                            <Search className="w-4 h-4" /> Rechercher
+                            <Search className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('paie.index.search')}
                         </Button>
                         {hasFilters && (
-                            <Button variant="outline" onClick={clear} className="border-gray-300 text-gray-700">Réinit.</Button>
+                            <Button variant="outline" onClick={clear} className="border-gray-300 text-gray-700">{t('paie.index.reset')}</Button>
                         )}
                     </div>
                 </div>
@@ -143,9 +144,9 @@ export default function Index({ payRuns, years, perPage, canDelete, filters }: R
                 {/* Tableau */}
                 <div className="bg-white rounded-lg shadow-sm overflow-hidden">
                     <div className="flex items-center justify-between px-4 py-3 border-b border-gray-100 gap-4 flex-wrap">
-                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-600"><span className="font-semibold">{payRuns.total}</span> cycle(s){hasFilters && <span className="text-blue-500 ml-2">— filtrés</span>}</p>
+                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('paie.index.count', { count: payRuns.total })}{hasFilters && <span className="text-blue-500 ml-2">{t('paie.index.filtered')}</span>}</p>
                         <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-sm text-gray-600">
-                            <span>Lignes par page :</span>
+                            <span>{t('paie.index.per_page')}</span>
                             <select value={perPage} onChange={e => changePerPage(Number(e.target.value))} className="h-8 px-2 border border-gray-300 rounded-md bg-white text-sm focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-blue-500">
                                 {PER_PAGE_OPTIONS.map(n => <option key={n} value={n}>{n}</option>)}
                             </select>
@@ -155,12 +156,12 @@ export default function Index({ payRuns, years, perPage, canDelete, filters }: R
                         <Table>
                             <TableHeader className="bg-gray-50">
                                 <TableRow className="border-b border-gray-200">
-                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Période</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Référence</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead className="text-center font-semibold text-gray-900">Bulletins</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead className="text-right font-semibold text-gray-900">Total net</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Statut</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead className="text-center font-semibold text-gray-900 w-20">Actions</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('paie.index.col_period')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('paie.index.col_reference')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="text-center font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('paie.index.col_payslips')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="text-right font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('paie.index.col_net')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('paie.index.col_status')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="text-center font-semibold text-gray-900 w-20">{t('paie.index.col_actions')}</TableHead>
                                 </TableRow>
                             </TableHeader>
                             <TableBody>
@@ -169,13 +170,13 @@ export default function Index({ payRuns, years, perPage, canDelete, filters }: R
                                         <TableCell colSpan={6} className="text-center py-12 text-gray-500">
                                             <div className="flex flex-col items-center gap-2">
                                                 <Receipt className="w-12 h-12 text-gray-300" />
-                                                <p className="text-lg">Aucun cycle de paie</p>
+                                                <p className="text-lg">{t('paie.index.empty')}</p>
                                             </div>
                                         </TableCell>
                                     </TableRow>
                                 ) : (
                                     payRuns.data.map(run => {
-                                        const badge = STATUS[run.status] ?? STATUS.draft;
+                                        const badgeCls = STATUS_CLS[run.status] ?? STATUS_CLS.draft;
                                         return (
                                             <TableRow key={run.id} className="border-b border-gray-100 hover:bg-blue-50/40 transition-colors cursor-pointer" onClick={() => router.get(route('pay-runs.show', run.id))}>
                                                 <TableCell className="font-semibold text-gray-900">
@@ -186,13 +187,13 @@ export default function Index({ payRuns, years, perPage, canDelete, filters }: R
                                                 <TableCell className="text-center text-gray-700">{run.payslips_count}</TableCell>
                                                 <TableCell className="text-right font-semibold text-gray-900">{fmt(run.total_net)}</TableCell>
                                                 <TableCell>
-                                                    <span className={`inline-block text-xs font-medium px-2 py-0.5 rounded-full ${badge.cls}`}>{badge.label}</span>
+                                                    <span className={`inline-block text-xs font-medium px-2 py-0.5 rounded-full ${badgeCls}`}>{t('paie.status.' + run.status)}</span>
                                                 </TableCell>
                                                 <TableCell className="text-center" onClick={e => e.stopPropagation()}>
                                                     <div className="flex items-center justify-center gap-1">
-                                                        <IconButton label="Voir le détail" icon={<Eye className="w-4 h-4" />} onClick={() => router.get(route('pay-runs.show', run.id))} />
+                                                        <IconButton label={t('paie.index.view')} icon={<Eye className="w-4 h-4" />} onClick={() => router.get(route('pay-runs.show', run.id))} />
                                                         {canDelete && (
-                                                            <IconButton label="Supprimer le cycle" icon={<Trash2 className="w-4 h-4" />} className="text-red-600 border-red-200 hover:bg-red-50" onClick={() => setDeleting(run)} />
+                                                            <IconButton label={t('paie.index.delete')} icon={<Trash2 className="w-4 h-4" />} className="text-red-600 border-red-200 hover:bg-red-50" onClick={() => setDeleting(run)} />
                                                         )}
                                                     </div>
                                                 </TableCell>
@@ -205,7 +206,7 @@ export default function Index({ payRuns, years, perPage, canDelete, filters }: R
                     </div>
 
                     <div className="px-4 py-3 border-t border-gray-100 flex items-center justify-between gap-4 flex-wrap">
-                        {payRuns.total > 0 && <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">{payRuns.from}–{payRuns.to} sur {payRuns.total}</p>}
+                        {payRuns.total > 0 && <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">{t('paie.index.range', { from: payRuns.from, to: payRuns.to, total: payRuns.total })}</p>}
                         {payRuns.last_page > 1 && (
                             <div className="flex items-center gap-1.5">
                                 <Button size="sm" variant="outline" className="h-8 w-8 p-0" disabled={payRuns.current_page === 1} onClick={() => goToPage(payRuns.current_page - 1)}><ChevronLeft className="w-4 h-4" /></Button>
@@ -220,17 +221,17 @@ export default function Index({ payRuns, years, perPage, canDelete, filters }: R
             <AlertDialog open={!!deleting} onOpenChange={() => setDeleting(null)}>
                 <AlertDialogContent>
                     <AlertDialogHeader>
-                        <AlertDialogTitle>Supprimer ce cycle de paie ?</AlertDialogTitle>
+                        <AlertDialogTitle>{t('paie.index.delete_title')}</AlertDialogTitle>
                         <AlertDialogDescription>
-                            {deleting ? `« ${MONTHS[deleting.period_month]} ${deleting.period_year} » et ses ${deleting.payslips_count} bulletin(s) seront supprimés définitivement. ` : ''}
-                            {deleting?.status === 'paid' ? 'Le cycle étant payé, les caisses seront recréditées et les écritures comptables supprimées.' : 'Cette action est irréversible.'}
+                            {deleting ? t('paie.index.delete_desc_prefix', { period: `${MONTHS[deleting.period_month]} ${deleting.period_year}`, count: deleting.payslips_count }) : ''}
+                            {deleting?.status === 'paid' ? t('paie.index.delete_desc_paid') : t('paie.index.delete_desc_irreversible')}
                         </AlertDialogDescription>
                     </AlertDialogHeader>
                     <div className="flex justify-end gap-2">
-                        <AlertDialogCancel>Annuler</AlertDialogCancel>
+                        <AlertDialogCancel>{t('paie.index.cancel')}</AlertDialogCancel>
                         <AlertDialogAction className="bg-red-600 hover:bg-red-700" onClick={() => {
                             if (deleting) router.delete(route('pay-runs.destroy', deleting.id), { preserveScroll: true, onFinish: () => setDeleting(null) });
-                        }}>Supprimer</AlertDialogAction>
+                        }}>{t('paie.index.delete_btn')}</AlertDialogAction>
                     </div>
                 </AlertDialogContent>
             </AlertDialog>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Paie/PayRuns/Show.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Paie/PayRuns/Show.tsx
index 1c3b9b6c..29e1699c 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Paie/PayRuns/Show.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Paie/PayRuns/Show.tsx
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ import {
 } from '@/components/ui/select';
 import { useMoney } from '@/helpers/money';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 type LineType = 'earning' | 'deduction';
@@ -61,12 +62,11 @@ interface Props {
     filters: { search?: string };
 }
 
-const MONTHS = ['', 'Janvier', 'Février', 'Mars', 'Avril', 'Mai', 'Juin', 'Juillet', 'Août', 'Septembre', 'Octobre', 'Novembre', 'Décembre'];
-const STATUS: Record<string, { label: string; cls: string }> = {
-    draft:     { label: 'Brouillon', cls: 'bg-gray-100 text-gray-600' },
-    validated: { label: 'Validé',    cls: 'bg-blue-100 text-blue-700' },
-    paid:      { label: 'Payé',      cls: 'bg-green-100 text-green-700' },
-    cancelled: { label: 'Annulé',    cls: 'bg-red-100 text-red-600' },
+const STATUS_CLS: Record<string, string> = {
+    draft:     'bg-gray-100 text-gray-600',
+    validated: 'bg-blue-100 text-blue-700',
+    paid:      'bg-green-100 text-green-700',
+    cancelled: 'bg-red-100 text-red-600',
 };
 
 function StatCard({ title, value, color }: { title: string; value: string; color: string }) {
@@ -80,7 +80,10 @@ function StatCard({ title, value, color }: { title: string; value: string; color
 
 export default function Show({ payRun, payslips, cashAccounts, canDelete, filters }: Readonly<Props>) {
     const fmt = useMoney();
-    const badge = STATUS[payRun.status] ?? STATUS.draft;
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
+    const MONTHS = ['', ...Array.from({ length: 12 }, (_, i) => t('paie.months.' + (i + 1)))];
+    const period = `${MONTHS[payRun.period_month]} ${payRun.period_year}`;
+    const badgeCls = STATUS_CLS[payRun.status] ?? STATUS_CLS.draft;
     const isDraft = payRun.status === 'draft';
     const isValidated = payRun.status === 'validated';
     const isPaid = payRun.status === 'paid';
@@ -118,7 +121,7 @@ export default function Show({ payRun, payslips, cashAccounts, canDelete, filter
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title={`Paie ${MONTHS[payRun.period_month]} ${payRun.period_year}`} />
+            <Head title={t('paie.show.head', { period })} />
             <div className="space-y-5">
                 {/* En-tête */}
                 <div className="flex items-center justify-between flex-wrap gap-3">
@@ -129,12 +132,12 @@ export default function Show({ payRun, payslips, cashAccounts, canDelete, filter
                         <div>
                             <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3">
                                 <Receipt className="w-7 h-7 text-blue-600" />
-                                Paie {MONTHS[payRun.period_month]} {payRun.period_year}
-                                <span className={`text-xs font-medium px-2.5 py-1 rounded-full ${badge.cls}`}>{badge.label}</span>
+                                {t('paie.show.title', { period })}
+                                <span className={`text-xs font-medium px-2.5 py-1 rounded-full ${badgeCls}`}>{t('paie.status.' + payRun.status)}</span>
                             </h1>
                             <p className="text-sm text-gray-500 mt-0.5">
                                 {payRun.reference}{payRun.label ? ` — ${payRun.label}` : ''}
-                                {isPaid && payRun.cash_account ? ` — décaissé sur ${payRun.cash_account.name}` : ''}
+                                {isPaid && payRun.cash_account ? t('paie.show.disbursed_on', { account: payRun.cash_account.name }) : ''}
                             </p>
                         </div>
                     </div>
@@ -142,55 +145,55 @@ export default function Show({ payRun, payslips, cashAccounts, canDelete, filter
                     <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
                         {isDraft && (
                             <>
-                                <Button className="gap-2 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700" onClick={() => setConfirm('validate')}><CheckCircle2 className="w-4 h-4" /> Valider</Button>
-                                <Button variant="outline" className="gap-2 text-red-600 border-red-200 hover:bg-red-50" onClick={() => setConfirm('cancel')}><XCircle className="w-4 h-4" /> Annuler</Button>
+                                <Button className="gap-2 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700" onClick={() => setConfirm('validate')}><CheckCircle2 className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('paie.show.validate')}</Button>
+                                <Button variant="outline" className="gap-2 text-red-600 border-red-200 hover:bg-red-50" onClick={() => setConfirm('cancel')}><XCircle className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('paie.show.cancel')}</Button>
                             </>
                         )}
                         {isValidated && (
                             <>
-                                <Button className="gap-2 bg-green-600 hover:bg-green-700" onClick={() => setPayOpen(true)}><Banknote className="w-4 h-4" /> Payer</Button>
-                                <Button variant="outline" className="gap-2 text-red-600 border-red-200 hover:bg-red-50" onClick={() => setConfirm('cancel')}><XCircle className="w-4 h-4" /> Annuler</Button>
+                                <Button className="gap-2 bg-green-600 hover:bg-green-700" onClick={() => setPayOpen(true)}><Banknote className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('paie.show.pay')}</Button>
+                                <Button variant="outline" className="gap-2 text-red-600 border-red-200 hover:bg-red-50" onClick={() => setConfirm('cancel')}><XCircle className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('paie.show.cancel')}</Button>
                             </>
                         )}
                         {isPaid && (
-                            <Button variant="outline" className="gap-2 text-red-600 border-red-200 hover:bg-red-50" onClick={() => setConfirm('cancel')}><XCircle className="w-4 h-4" /> Annuler la paie</Button>
+                            <Button variant="outline" className="gap-2 text-red-600 border-red-200 hover:bg-red-50" onClick={() => setConfirm('cancel')}><XCircle className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('paie.show.cancel_pay')}</Button>
                         )}
                         {canDelete && (
-                            <Button variant="outline" className="gap-2 text-red-600 border-red-200 hover:bg-red-50" onClick={() => setDeleteOpen(true)}><Trash2 className="w-4 h-4" /> Supprimer</Button>
+                            <Button variant="outline" className="gap-2 text-red-600 border-red-200 hover:bg-red-50" onClick={() => setDeleteOpen(true)}><Trash2 className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('paie.show.delete')}</Button>
                         )}
                     </div>
                 </div>
 
                 {/* Totaux */}
                 <div className="grid grid-cols-1 sm:grid-cols-3 gap-4">
-                    <StatCard title="Total des gains" value={fmt(payRun.total_gross)} color="text-emerald-600" />
-                    <StatCard title="Total des retenues" value={fmt(payRun.total_deductions)} color="text-red-600" />
-                    <StatCard title="Masse salariale nette" value={fmt(payRun.total_net)} color="text-gray-900" />
+                    <StatCard title={t('paie.show.total_earnings')} value={fmt(payRun.total_gross)} color="text-emerald-600" />
+                    <StatCard title={t('paie.show.total_deductions')} value={fmt(payRun.total_deductions)} color="text-red-600" />
+                    <StatCard title={t('paie.show.net_mass')} value={fmt(payRun.total_net)} color="text-gray-900" />
                 </div>
 
                 {/* Bulletins */}
                 <div className="bg-white rounded-xl border border-gray-100 shadow-sm overflow-hidden">
                     <div className="px-5 py-3 border-b border-gray-100 flex items-center justify-between gap-3 flex-wrap">
-                        <p className="text-sm font-semibold text-gray-700">{payslips.total} bulletin(s)</p>
+                        <p className="text-sm font-semibold text-gray-700">{t('paie.show.payslips_count', { count: payslips.total })}</p>
                         <div className="relative w-64 max-w-full">
                             <Search className="absolute left-3 top-1/2 -translate-y-1/2 w-4 h-4 text-gray-400" />
-                            <Input value={search} onChange={e => setSearch(e.target.value)} onKeyDown={e => e.key === 'Enter' && applySearch()} placeholder="Rechercher un employé…" className="pl-9 h-9" />
+                            <Input value={search} onChange={e => setSearch(e.target.value)} onKeyDown={e => e.key === 'Enter' && applySearch()} placeholder={t('paie.show.search_ph')} className="pl-9 h-9" />
                         </div>
                     </div>
                     <div className="overflow-x-auto">
                         <table className="w-full text-sm">
                             <thead>
                                 <tr className="border-b border-gray-100 bg-gray-50">
-                                    <th className="px-5 py-3 text-left text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 uppercase">Employé</th>
-                                    <th className="px-4 py-3 text-right text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 uppercase">Gains</th>
-                                    <th className="px-4 py-3 text-right text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 uppercase">Retenues</th>
-                                    <th className="px-4 py-3 text-right text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 uppercase">Net à payer</th>
+                                    <th className="px-5 py-3 text-left text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 uppercase">{t('paie.show.col_employee')}</th>
+                                    <th className="px-4 py-3 text-right text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 uppercase">{t('paie.show.col_earnings')}</th>
+                                    <th className="px-4 py-3 text-right text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 uppercase">{t('paie.show.col_deductions')}</th>
+                                    <th className="px-4 py-3 text-right text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 uppercase">{t('paie.show.col_net')}</th>
                                     <th className="px-4 py-3 w-28"></th>
                                 </tr>
                             </thead>
                             <tbody className="divide-y divide-gray-50">
                                 {payslips.data.length === 0 && (
-                                    <tr><td colSpan={5} className="px-5 py-10 text-center text-sm text-gray-400">Aucun bulletin trouvé.</td></tr>
+                                    <tr><td colSpan={5} className="px-5 py-10 text-center text-sm text-gray-400">{t('paie.show.empty')}</td></tr>
                                 )}
                                 {payslips.data.map(p => {
                                     const name = p.payload.employee?.name
@@ -207,11 +210,11 @@ export default function Show({ payRun, payslips, cashAccounts, canDelete, filter
                                             <td className="px-4 py-3 text-right font-bold text-gray-900">{fmt(p.net)}</td>
                                             <td className="px-4 py-3">
                                                 <div className="flex items-center justify-end gap-1">
-                                                    <a href={route('payslips.pdf', p.id)} className="p-1.5 rounded-lg text-gray-400 hover:text-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-50" aria-label="Télécharger le bulletin">
+                                                    <a href={route('payslips.pdf', p.id)} className="p-1.5 rounded-lg text-gray-400 hover:text-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-50" aria-label={t('paie.show.download_payslip')}>
                                                         <FileDown className="w-4 h-4" />
                                                     </a>
                                                     {isDraft && (
-                                                        <button onClick={() => openEditor(p)} className="p-1.5 rounded-lg text-gray-400 hover:text-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-50" aria-label="Éditer">
+                                                        <button onClick={() => openEditor(p)} className="p-1.5 rounded-lg text-gray-400 hover:text-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-50" aria-label={t('paie.show.edit')}>
                                                             <Pencil className="w-4 h-4" />
                                                         </button>
                                                     )}
@@ -225,7 +228,7 @@ export default function Show({ payRun, payslips, cashAccounts, canDelete, filter
                     </div>
 
                     <div className="px-5 py-3.5 border-t border-gray-100 flex items-center justify-between gap-4 flex-wrap">
-                        {payslips.total > 0 && <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">{payslips.from}–{payslips.to} sur {payslips.total}</p>}
+                        {payslips.total > 0 && <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">{t('paie.show.range', { from: payslips.from, to: payslips.to, total: payslips.total })}</p>}
                         {payslips.last_page > 1 && (
                             <div className="flex items-center gap-1.5">
                                 <Button size="sm" variant="outline" className="h-8 w-8 p-0" disabled={payslips.current_page === 1} onClick={() => goToPage(payslips.current_page - 1)}><ChevronLeft className="w-4 h-4" /></Button>
@@ -241,35 +244,35 @@ export default function Show({ payRun, payslips, cashAccounts, canDelete, filter
             <Dialog open={!!editing} onOpenChange={(o) => !o && setEditing(null)}>
                 <DialogContent className="max-w-2xl">
                     <DialogHeader>
-                        <DialogTitle>Bulletin — {editing?.payload.employee?.name}</DialogTitle>
+                        <DialogTitle>{t('paie.show.editor_title', { name: editing?.payload.employee?.name ?? '' })}</DialogTitle>
                     </DialogHeader>
                     <div className="space-y-2 max-h-[50vh] overflow-y-auto pr-1">
                         {lines.map((l, i) => (
                             <div key={i} className="flex items-center gap-2">
-                                <Input value={l.label} onChange={e => setLines(ls => ls.map((x, j) => j === i ? { ...x, label: e.target.value } : x))} placeholder="Libellé" className="flex-1" />
+                                <Input value={l.label} onChange={e => setLines(ls => ls.map((x, j) => j === i ? { ...x, label: e.target.value } : x))} placeholder={t('paie.show.line_label_ph')} className="flex-1" />
                                 <Select value={l.type} onValueChange={(v) => setLines(ls => ls.map((x, j) => j === i ? { ...x, type: v as LineType } : x))}>
                                     <SelectTrigger className="w-32"><SelectValue /></SelectTrigger>
                                     <SelectContent>
-                                        <SelectItem value="earning">Gain</SelectItem>
-                                        <SelectItem value="deduction">Retenue</SelectItem>
+                                        <SelectItem value="earning">{t('paie.line_type.earning')}</SelectItem>
+                                        <SelectItem value="deduction">{t('paie.line_type.deduction')}</SelectItem>
                                     </SelectContent>
                                 </Select>
                                 <Input type="number" min={0} value={String(l.amount)} onChange={e => setLines(ls => ls.map((x, j) => j === i ? { ...x, amount: Number(e.target.value) } : x))} className="w-32" />
-                                <button onClick={() => setLines(ls => ls.filter((_, j) => j !== i))} className="p-1.5 text-gray-400 hover:text-red-600" aria-label="Retirer"><Trash2 className="w-4 h-4" /></button>
+                                <button onClick={() => setLines(ls => ls.filter((_, j) => j !== i))} className="p-1.5 text-gray-400 hover:text-red-600" aria-label={t('paie.show.remove')}><Trash2 className="w-4 h-4" /></button>
                             </div>
                         ))}
                         <Button type="button" variant="outline" size="sm" className="gap-1.5" onClick={() => setLines(ls => [...ls, { label: '', type: 'earning', amount: 0 }])}>
-                            <Plus className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> Ajouter une ligne
+                            <Plus className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> {t('paie.show.add_line')}
                         </Button>
                     </div>
                     <div className="flex items-center justify-between text-sm border-t pt-3">
                         <span className="flex items-center gap-1 text-emerald-600"><TrendingUp className="w-4 h-4" /> {fmt(lines.filter(l => l.type === 'earning').reduce((s, l) => s + (Number(l.amount) || 0), 0))}</span>
                         <span className="flex items-center gap-1 text-red-600"><TrendingDown className="w-4 h-4" /> {fmt(lines.filter(l => l.type === 'deduction').reduce((s, l) => s + (Number(l.amount) || 0), 0))}</span>
-                        <span className="font-bold">Net : {fmt(lines.reduce((s, l) => s + (l.type === 'deduction' ? -1 : 1) * (Number(l.amount) || 0), 0))}</span>
+                        <span className="font-bold">{t('paie.show.net', { amount: fmt(lines.reduce((s, l) => s + (l.type === 'deduction' ? -1 : 1) * (Number(l.amount) || 0), 0)) })}</span>
                     </div>
                     <DialogFooter>
-                        <Button variant="outline" onClick={() => setEditing(null)}>Annuler</Button>
-                        <Button className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700" onClick={saveLines}>Enregistrer</Button>
+                        <Button variant="outline" onClick={() => setEditing(null)}>{t('paie.show.cancel_btn')}</Button>
+                        <Button className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700" onClick={saveLines}>{t('paie.show.save')}</Button>
                     </DialogFooter>
                 </DialogContent>
             </Dialog>
@@ -278,26 +281,26 @@ export default function Show({ payRun, payslips, cashAccounts, canDelete, filter
             <Dialog open={payOpen} onOpenChange={setPayOpen}>
                 <DialogContent>
                     <DialogHeader>
-                        <DialogTitle>Décaisser la paie</DialogTitle>
+                        <DialogTitle>{t('paie.show.pay_title')}</DialogTitle>
                     </DialogHeader>
                     <div className="space-y-3">
-                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Masse nette à décaisser : <strong>{fmt(payRun.total_net)}</strong>.</p>
+                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('paie.show.pay_amount', { amount: fmt(payRun.total_net) })}</p>
                         <div>
-                            <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2 flex items-center gap-1"><Wallet className="w-4 h-4 text-gray-500" /> Caisse *</label>
+                            <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2 flex items-center gap-1"><Wallet className="w-4 h-4 text-gray-500" /> {t('paie.show.cash_account')}</label>
                             <Select value={cashId} onValueChange={setCashId}>
-                                <SelectTrigger><SelectValue placeholder="Sélectionner une caisse" /></SelectTrigger>
+                                <SelectTrigger><SelectValue placeholder={t('paie.show.select_cash')} /></SelectTrigger>
                                 <SelectContent>
-                                    {cashAccounts.map(c => <SelectItem key={c.id} value={c.id}>{c.name} — solde {fmt(c.balance)}</SelectItem>)}
+                                    {cashAccounts.map(c => <SelectItem key={c.id} value={c.id}>{t('paie.show.cash_balance', { name: c.name, balance: fmt(c.balance) })}</SelectItem>)}
                                 </SelectContent>
                             </Select>
                         </div>
                         {overBalance && (
-                            <p className="text-sm text-red-600 flex items-center gap-1"><AlertTriangle className="w-4 h-4" /> Le solde de la caisse est insuffisant : elle deviendra négative.</p>
+                            <p className="text-sm text-red-600 flex items-center gap-1"><AlertTriangle className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('paie.show.over_balance')}</p>
                         )}
                     </div>
                     <DialogFooter>
-                        <Button variant="outline" onClick={() => setPayOpen(false)}>Annuler</Button>
-                        <Button className="bg-green-600 hover:bg-green-700" disabled={!cashId} onClick={doPay}>Confirmer le paiement</Button>
+                        <Button variant="outline" onClick={() => setPayOpen(false)}>{t('paie.show.cancel_btn')}</Button>
+                        <Button className="bg-green-600 hover:bg-green-700" disabled={!cashId} onClick={doPay}>{t('paie.show.confirm_payment')}</Button>
                     </DialogFooter>
                 </DialogContent>
             </Dialog>
@@ -306,17 +309,17 @@ export default function Show({ payRun, payslips, cashAccounts, canDelete, filter
             <AlertDialog open={!!confirm} onOpenChange={() => setConfirm(null)}>
                 <AlertDialogContent>
                     <AlertDialogHeader>
-                        <AlertDialogTitle>{confirm === 'validate' ? 'Valider ce cycle ?' : 'Annuler ce cycle ?'}</AlertDialogTitle>
+                        <AlertDialogTitle>{confirm === 'validate' ? t('paie.show.confirm_validate_title') : t('paie.show.confirm_cancel_title')}</AlertDialogTitle>
                         <AlertDialogDescription>
                             {confirm === 'validate'
-                                ? 'Les bulletins ne seront plus modifiables. Vous pourrez ensuite décaisser la paie.'
+                                ? t('paie.show.confirm_validate_desc')
                                 : (isPaid
-                                    ? 'La paie sera annulée : les caisses seront recréditées et les écritures comptables supprimées.'
-                                    : 'Le cycle sera annulé.')}
+                                    ? t('paie.show.confirm_cancel_paid_desc')
+                                    : t('paie.show.confirm_cancel_desc'))}
                         </AlertDialogDescription>
                     </AlertDialogHeader>
                     <div className="flex justify-end gap-2">
-                        <AlertDialogCancel>Retour</AlertDialogCancel>
+                        <AlertDialogCancel>{t('paie.show.back')}</AlertDialogCancel>
                         <AlertDialogAction
                             className={confirm === 'validate' ? 'bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700' : 'bg-red-600 hover:bg-red-700'}
                             onClick={() => {
@@ -324,7 +327,7 @@ export default function Show({ payRun, payslips, cashAccounts, canDelete, filter
                                 router.post(url, {}, { preserveScroll: true, onFinish: () => setConfirm(null) });
                             }}
                         >
-                            {confirm === 'validate' ? 'Valider' : 'Annuler le cycle'}
+                            {confirm === 'validate' ? t('paie.show.validate_action') : t('paie.show.cancel_action')}
                         </AlertDialogAction>
                     </div>
                 </AlertDialogContent>
@@ -334,15 +337,15 @@ export default function Show({ payRun, payslips, cashAccounts, canDelete, filter
             <AlertDialog open={deleteOpen} onOpenChange={setDeleteOpen}>
                 <AlertDialogContent>
                     <AlertDialogHeader>
-                        <AlertDialogTitle>Supprimer ce cycle de paie ?</AlertDialogTitle>
+                        <AlertDialogTitle>{t('paie.show.delete_title')}</AlertDialogTitle>
                         <AlertDialogDescription>
-                            « {MONTHS[payRun.period_month]} {payRun.period_year} » et ses {payslips.total} bulletin(s) seront supprimés définitivement.
-                            {' '}{isPaid ? 'Le cycle étant payé, les caisses seront recréditées et les écritures comptables supprimées.' : 'Cette action est irréversible.'}
+                            {t('paie.show.delete_desc_prefix', { period, count: payslips.total })}
+                            {' '}{isPaid ? t('paie.show.delete_desc_paid') : t('paie.show.delete_desc_irreversible')}
                         </AlertDialogDescription>
                     </AlertDialogHeader>
                     <div className="flex justify-end gap-2">
-                        <AlertDialogCancel>Annuler</AlertDialogCancel>
-                        <AlertDialogAction className="bg-red-600 hover:bg-red-700" onClick={() => router.delete(route('pay-runs.destroy', payRun.id), { onFinish: () => setDeleteOpen(false) })}>Supprimer</AlertDialogAction>
+                        <AlertDialogCancel>{t('paie.show.cancel_btn')}</AlertDialogCancel>
+                        <AlertDialogAction className="bg-red-600 hover:bg-red-700" onClick={() => router.delete(route('pay-runs.destroy', payRun.id), { onFinish: () => setDeleteOpen(false) })}>{t('paie.show.delete_btn')}</AlertDialogAction>
                     </div>
                 </AlertDialogContent>
             </AlertDialog>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/About.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/About.tsx
index a91101f5..9c285d60 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/About.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/About.tsx
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import {
     BadgeCheck, BookOpen, CalendarRange, ClipboardList, DatabaseBackup, ExternalLink,
     FileBadge, GraduationCap, Info, Scale, Server, Wallet, Globe, FileCode2, ScrollText, Users, Heart,
 } from 'lucide-react';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Props {
@@ -13,22 +14,22 @@ const GITHUB = 'https://github.com/wearedalibi/dalibi';
 const SITE = 'https://dalibi.wearekarfi.dev';
 
 /** Modules couverts par l'application (résumé). */
-const MODULES: { icon: React.ElementType; title: string; desc: string }[] = [
-    { icon: Users, title: 'Élèves & inscriptions', desc: 'Dossiers complets, inscriptions, passage de classe, bourses.' },
-    { icon: FileBadge, title: 'Notes & bulletins', desc: 'Saisie, moyennes paramétrables, bulletins PDF, réclamations.' },
-    { icon: ClipboardList, title: 'Présences', desc: 'Appel par séance, statistiques d’assiduité, permissions d’absence.' },
-    { icon: GraduationCap, title: 'Examens officiels', desc: 'CEPD, BEPC, BAC : inscriptions, planning, résultats.' },
-    { icon: Wallet, title: 'Finances & recouvrement', desc: 'Frais, factures, paiements (dont Mobile Money), reçus.' },
-    { icon: BadgeCheck, title: 'Personnel & paie', desc: 'Fiches employés, cycles de paie, bulletins (CNSS, ITS).' },
-    { icon: CalendarRange, title: 'Emploi du temps & calendrier', desc: 'Grilles par classe, calendrier de l’établissement.' },
-    { icon: DatabaseBackup, title: 'Sauvegardes & statistiques', desc: 'Sauvegardes planifiées, tableaux de bord et exports.' },
+const MODULES: { icon: React.ElementType; key: string }[] = [
+    { icon: Users, key: 'students' },
+    { icon: FileBadge, key: 'grades' },
+    { icon: ClipboardList, key: 'attendance' },
+    { icon: GraduationCap, key: 'exams' },
+    { icon: Wallet, key: 'finance' },
+    { icon: BadgeCheck, key: 'payroll' },
+    { icon: CalendarRange, key: 'timetable' },
+    { icon: DatabaseBackup, key: 'backups' },
 ];
 
-const LINKS: { icon: React.ElementType; title: string; href: string; sub: string }[] = [
-    { icon: BookOpen, title: 'Documentation', href: `${SITE}/documentation`, sub: 'Guide de A à Z' },
-    { icon: Globe, title: 'Site web', href: SITE, sub: 'Présentation & fonctionnalités' },
-    { icon: FileCode2, title: 'Code source', href: GITHUB, sub: 'Dépôt GitHub' },
-    { icon: ScrollText, title: 'Journal des versions', href: `${GITHUB}/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md`, sub: 'Historique des évolutions' },
+const LINKS: { icon: React.ElementType; key: string; href: string }[] = [
+    { icon: BookOpen, key: 'docs', href: `${SITE}/documentation` },
+    { icon: Globe, key: 'website', href: SITE },
+    { icon: FileCode2, key: 'source', href: GITHUB },
+    { icon: ScrollText, key: 'changelog', href: `${GITHUB}/blob/main/CHANGELOG.md` },
 ];
 
 function Card({ children }: { children: React.ReactNode }) {
@@ -36,11 +37,12 @@ function Card({ children }: { children: React.ReactNode }) {
 }
 
 export default function About({ app }: Readonly<Props>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const brand = app.name ? app.name.charAt(0).toUpperCase() + app.name.slice(1) : 'Dalibi';
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="À propos" />
+            <Head title={t('parametres.about.head')} />
             <div className="w-full max-w-5xl mx-auto space-y-6 p-1">
 
                 {/* En-tête : logo officiel Dalibi (version blanche en mode sombre) + version */}
@@ -55,8 +57,7 @@ export default function About({ app }: Readonly<Props>) {
                         </a>
                     </div>
                     <p className="mt-3 text-sm text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">
-                        Système de gestion scolaire — de l’inscription de l’élève au bulletin, en passant par l’écolage et la paie.
-                        Pensé pour les établissements togolais 🇹🇬.
+                        {t('parametres.about.intro')}
                     </p>
                 </div>
 
@@ -65,14 +66,14 @@ export default function About({ app }: Readonly<Props>) {
                     {LINKS.map((l) => {
                         const Icon = l.icon;
                         return (
-                            <a key={l.title} href={l.href} target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"
+                            <a key={l.key} href={l.href} target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer"
                                 className="group rounded-xl border border-gray-100 dark:border-gray-700 bg-white dark:bg-card p-4 shadow-sm hover:border-blue-300 dark:hover:border-blue-700 transition-colors">
                                 <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
                                     <Icon className="w-5 h-5 text-blue-600" />
                                     <ExternalLink className="w-3.5 h-3.5 text-gray-300 group-hover:text-blue-500" />
                                 </div>
-                                <p className="mt-2 text-sm font-semibold text-gray-900 dark:text-white">{l.title}</p>
-                                <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">{l.sub}</p>
+                                <p className="mt-2 text-sm font-semibold text-gray-900 dark:text-white">{t(`parametres.about.links.${l.key}.title`)}</p>
+                                <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">{t(`parametres.about.links.${l.key}.sub`)}</p>
                             </a>
                         );
                     })}
@@ -80,16 +81,16 @@ export default function About({ app }: Readonly<Props>) {
 
                 {/* Ce que fait l'application */}
                 <Card>
-                    <div className="flex items-center gap-2 mb-4"><Info className="w-4 h-4 text-gray-400" /><h2 className="font-semibold text-sm text-gray-900 dark:text-white">Ce que couvre l’application</h2></div>
+                    <div className="flex items-center gap-2 mb-4"><Info className="w-4 h-4 text-gray-400" /><h2 className="font-semibold text-sm text-gray-900 dark:text-white">{t('parametres.about.section_covers')}</h2></div>
                     <div className="grid sm:grid-cols-2 gap-x-6 gap-y-4">
                         {MODULES.map((m) => {
                             const Icon = m.icon;
                             return (
-                                <div key={m.title} className="flex gap-3">
+                                <div key={m.key} className="flex gap-3">
                                     <div className="rounded-lg bg-blue-50 dark:bg-gray-700 p-2 h-fit"><Icon className="w-4 h-4 text-blue-600 dark:text-blue-300" /></div>
                                     <div>
-                                        <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 dark:text-white">{m.title}</p>
-                                        <p className="text-xs text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">{m.desc}</p>
+                                        <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 dark:text-white">{t(`parametres.about.modules.${m.key}.title`)}</p>
+                                        <p className="text-xs text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">{t(`parametres.about.modules.${m.key}.desc`)}</p>
                                     </div>
                                 </div>
                             );
@@ -100,44 +101,43 @@ export default function About({ app }: Readonly<Props>) {
                 <div className="grid lg:grid-cols-2 gap-4">
                     {/* Éditeur & licence */}
                     <Card>
-                        <div className="flex items-center gap-2 mb-4"><Scale className="w-4 h-4 text-gray-400" /><h2 className="font-semibold text-sm text-gray-900 dark:text-white">Éditeur & licence</h2></div>
+                        <div className="flex items-center gap-2 mb-4"><Scale className="w-4 h-4 text-gray-400" /><h2 className="font-semibold text-sm text-gray-900 dark:text-white">{t('parametres.about.section_license')}</h2></div>
                         <dl className="space-y-3 text-sm">
                             <div className="flex justify-between gap-4">
-                                <dt className="text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">Édité par</dt>
+                                <dt className="text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">{t('parametres.about.edited_by')}</dt>
                                 <dd className="font-medium text-gray-900 dark:text-white text-right">Kudayah Sassou Horacio Herve</dd>
                             </div>
                             <div className="flex justify-between gap-4">
-                                <dt className="text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">Licence</dt>
-                                <dd className="font-medium text-gray-900 dark:text-white text-right">GNU GPL v3 — logiciel libre</dd>
+                                <dt className="text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">{t('parametres.about.license')}</dt>
+                                <dd className="font-medium text-gray-900 dark:text-white text-right">{t('parametres.about.license_value')}</dd>
                             </div>
                             <div className="flex justify-between gap-4">
-                                <dt className="text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">Droits</dt>
+                                <dt className="text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">{t('parametres.about.rights')}</dt>
                                 <dd className="font-medium text-gray-900 dark:text-white text-right">© {new Date().getFullYear()} {brand}</dd>
                             </div>
                         </dl>
                         <p className="mt-4 flex items-center gap-1.5 text-xs text-gray-400">
-                            <Heart className="w-3.5 h-3.5 text-rose-400" /> Vous pouvez utiliser, étudier, modifier et redistribuer ce logiciel selon les termes de la GPL v3.
+                            <Heart className="w-3.5 h-3.5 text-rose-400" /> {t('parametres.about.license_note')}
                         </p>
                     </Card>
 
                     {/* Informations techniques */}
                     <Card>
-                        <div className="flex items-center gap-2 mb-4"><Server className="w-4 h-4 text-gray-400" /><h2 className="font-semibold text-sm text-gray-900 dark:text-white">Informations techniques</h2></div>
+                        <div className="flex items-center gap-2 mb-4"><Server className="w-4 h-4 text-gray-400" /><h2 className="font-semibold text-sm text-gray-900 dark:text-white">{t('parametres.about.section_tech')}</h2></div>
                         <dl className="space-y-3 text-sm">
-                            <div className="flex justify-between gap-4"><dt className="text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">Version de l’application</dt><dd className="font-mono font-medium text-gray-900 dark:text-white">v{app.version}</dd></div>
+                            <div className="flex justify-between gap-4"><dt className="text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">{t('parametres.about.app_version')}</dt><dd className="font-mono font-medium text-gray-900 dark:text-white">v{app.version}</dd></div>
                             <div className="flex justify-between gap-4"><dt className="text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">Laravel</dt><dd className="font-mono font-medium text-gray-900 dark:text-white">{app.laravel}</dd></div>
                             <div className="flex justify-between gap-4"><dt className="text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">PHP</dt><dd className="font-mono font-medium text-gray-900 dark:text-white">{app.php}</dd></div>
-                            <div className="flex justify-between gap-4"><dt className="text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">Environnement</dt><dd className="font-mono font-medium text-gray-900 dark:text-white">{app.environment}</dd></div>
+                            <div className="flex justify-between gap-4"><dt className="text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">{t('parametres.about.environment')}</dt><dd className="font-mono font-medium text-gray-900 dark:text-white">{app.environment}</dd></div>
                         </dl>
                     </Card>
                 </div>
 
                 {/* Support */}
                 <Card>
-                    <div className="flex items-center gap-2 mb-2"><Info className="w-4 h-4 text-gray-400" /><h2 className="font-semibold text-sm text-gray-900 dark:text-white">Besoin d’aide ?</h2></div>
+                    <div className="flex items-center gap-2 mb-2"><Info className="w-4 h-4 text-gray-400" /><h2 className="font-semibold text-sm text-gray-900 dark:text-white">{t('parametres.about.section_support')}</h2></div>
                     <p className="text-sm text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">
-                        Consultez d’abord la <a href={`${SITE}/documentation`} target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" className="text-blue-600 hover:underline">documentation</a>.
-                        Pour signaler un problème ou proposer une amélioration, ouvrez un ticket sur le <a href={`${GITHUB}/issues`} target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" className="text-blue-600 hover:underline">dépôt GitHub</a>.
+                        {t('parametres.about.support_before')} <a href={`${SITE}/documentation`} target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" className="text-blue-600 hover:underline">{t('parametres.about.link_docs')}</a>{t('parametres.about.support_middle')} <a href={`${GITHUB}/issues`} target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer" className="text-blue-600 hover:underline">{t('parametres.about.link_repo')}</a>.
                     </p>
                 </Card>
             </div>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/AcademicPeriods/Create.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/AcademicPeriods/Create.tsx
index 636a77ce..38cc307d 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/AcademicPeriods/Create.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/AcademicPeriods/Create.tsx
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { Select, SelectContent, SelectItem, SelectTrigger, SelectValue } from '@/components/ui/select';
 import { Textarea } from '@/components/ui/textarea';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface AcademicYear {
@@ -34,6 +35,7 @@ interface CreateProps {
 }
 
 export default function Create({ academicYears, classroomTypes = [] }: Readonly<CreateProps>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const [formData, setFormData] = useState({
         name: '',
         description: '',
@@ -68,7 +70,7 @@ export default function Create({ academicYears, classroomTypes = [] }: Readonly<
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Créer une période académique" />
+            <Head title={t('parametres.academic_periods.create_head')} />
 
             <div className="space-y-6">
                 {/* En-tête */}
@@ -82,9 +84,9 @@ export default function Create({ academicYears, classroomTypes = [] }: Readonly<
                     </button>
                     <div>
                         <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900">
-                            Créer une période académique
+                            {t('parametres.academic_periods.create_title')}
                         </h1>
-                        <p className="text-gray-500 mt-1 text-sm">Définissez les informations de la nouvelle période.</p>
+                        <p className="text-gray-500 mt-1 text-sm">{t('parametres.academic_periods.create_subtitle')}</p>
                     </div>
                 </div>
 
@@ -94,21 +96,21 @@ export default function Create({ academicYears, classroomTypes = [] }: Readonly<
                     <div className="rounded-2xl p-6 bg-linear-to-br from-indigo-50 to-blue-50 border border-indigo-100 shadow-sm">
                         <h2 className="text-base font-semibold text-indigo-800 mb-5 flex items-center gap-2">
                             <GraduationCap className="w-5 h-5 text-indigo-500" />
-                            Identification
+                            {t('parametres.academic_periods.section_identification')}
                         </h2>
                         <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-5">
                             {/* Nom */}
                             <div className="space-y-1.5">
                                 <label htmlFor="name" className="flex items-center gap-1.5 text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">
                                     <FileText className="w-4 h-4 text-indigo-400" />
-                                    Nom <span className="text-red-500">*</span>
+                                    {t('parametres.academic_periods.label_name')} <span className="text-red-500">*</span>
                                 </label>
                                 <Input
                                     id="name"
                                     type="text"
                                     value={formData.name}
                                     onChange={(e) => setFormData((prev) => ({ ...prev, name: e.target.value }))}
-                                    placeholder="Ex: Trimestre 1, Semestre 1..."
+                                    placeholder={t('parametres.academic_periods.name_ph')}
                                     className={errors.name ? 'border-red-400 bg-red-50/40 ring-1 ring-red-300' : 'border-indigo-200 bg-white focus-visible:ring-indigo-400'}
                                 />
                                 {errors.name && <p className="text-red-600 text-xs flex items-center gap-1"><X className="w-3 h-3" />{errors.name}</p>}
@@ -118,7 +120,7 @@ export default function Create({ academicYears, classroomTypes = [] }: Readonly<
                             <div className="space-y-1.5">
                                 <label htmlFor="academic_year_id" className="flex items-center gap-1.5 text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">
                                     <GraduationCap className="w-4 h-4 text-indigo-400" />
-                                    Année académique <span className="text-red-500">*</span>
+                                    {t('parametres.academic_periods.label_year')} <span className="text-red-500">*</span>
                                 </label>
                                 <Select
                                     value={formData.academic_year_id}
@@ -128,7 +130,7 @@ export default function Create({ academicYears, classroomTypes = [] }: Readonly<
                                         id="academic_year_id"
                                         className={`bg-white ${errors.academic_year_id ? 'border-red-400 ring-1 ring-red-300' : 'border-indigo-200'}`}
                                     >
-                                        <SelectValue placeholder="Sélectionner une année" />
+                                        <SelectValue placeholder={t('parametres.academic_periods.year_ph')} />
                                     </SelectTrigger>
                                     <SelectContent>
                                         {academicYears.map((year) => (
@@ -145,14 +147,14 @@ export default function Create({ academicYears, classroomTypes = [] }: Readonly<
                     <div className="rounded-2xl p-6 bg-linear-to-br from-violet-50 to-purple-50 border border-violet-100 shadow-sm">
                         <h2 className="text-base font-semibold text-violet-800 mb-5 flex items-center gap-2">
                             <Hash className="w-5 h-5 text-violet-500" />
-                            Classification
+                            {t('parametres.academic_periods.section_classification')}
                         </h2>
                         <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-5">
                             {/* Type */}
                             <div className="space-y-1.5">
                                 <label htmlFor="type" className="flex items-center gap-1.5 text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">
                                     <Hash className="w-4 h-4 text-violet-400" />
-                                    Type <span className="text-red-500">*</span>
+                                    {t('parametres.academic_periods.label_type')} <span className="text-red-500">*</span>
                                 </label>
                                 <Select
                                     value={formData.type}
@@ -165,8 +167,8 @@ export default function Create({ academicYears, classroomTypes = [] }: Readonly<
                                         <SelectValue />
                                     </SelectTrigger>
                                     <SelectContent>
-                                        <SelectItem value="trimestre">Trimestre</SelectItem>
-                                        <SelectItem value="semestre">Semestre</SelectItem>
+                                        <SelectItem value="trimestre">{t('parametres.academic_periods.type_trimester')}</SelectItem>
+                                        <SelectItem value="semestre">{t('parametres.academic_periods.type_semester')}</SelectItem>
                                     </SelectContent>
                                 </Select>
                                 {errors.type && <p className="text-red-600 text-xs flex items-center gap-1"><X className="w-3 h-3" />{errors.type}</p>}
@@ -176,7 +178,7 @@ export default function Create({ academicYears, classroomTypes = [] }: Readonly<
                             <div className="space-y-1.5">
                                 <label htmlFor="order" className="flex items-center gap-1.5 text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">
                                     <ListOrdered className="w-4 h-4 text-violet-400" />
-                                    Ordre
+                                    {t('parametres.academic_periods.label_order')}
                                 </label>
                                 <Input
                                     id="order"
@@ -184,7 +186,7 @@ export default function Create({ academicYears, classroomTypes = [] }: Readonly<
                                     min="1"
                                     value={formData.order}
                                     onChange={(e) => setFormData((prev) => ({ ...prev, order: e.target.value }))}
-                                    placeholder="1, 2, 3..."
+                                    placeholder={t('parametres.academic_periods.order_ph')}
                                     className={errors.order ? 'border-red-400 bg-red-50/40 ring-1 ring-red-300' : 'border-violet-200 bg-white focus-visible:ring-violet-400'}
                                 />
                                 {errors.order && <p className="text-red-600 text-xs flex items-center gap-1"><X className="w-3 h-3" />{errors.order}</p>}
@@ -194,7 +196,7 @@ export default function Create({ academicYears, classroomTypes = [] }: Readonly<
                             <div className="space-y-1.5">
                                 <label htmlFor="class_type_id" className="flex items-center gap-1.5 text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">
                                     <GraduationCap className="w-4 h-4 text-violet-400" />
-                                    Type de classe
+                                    {t('parametres.academic_periods.label_class_type')}
                                 </label>
                                 <Select
                                     value={formData.class_type_id}
@@ -204,20 +206,20 @@ export default function Create({ academicYears, classroomTypes = [] }: Readonly<
                                         <SelectValue />
                                     </SelectTrigger>
                                     <SelectContent>
-                                        <SelectItem value="all">Toutes les classes (global)</SelectItem>
+                                        <SelectItem value="all">{t('parametres.academic_periods.class_type_all')}</SelectItem>
                                         {classroomTypes.map((ct) => (
                                             <SelectItem key={ct.id} value={ct.id}>{ct.name}</SelectItem>
                                         ))}
                                     </SelectContent>
                                 </Select>
-                                <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">Laisser « global » pour appliquer à tous les types de classe.</p>
+                                <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">{t('parametres.academic_periods.class_type_hint')}</p>
                             </div>
 
                             {/* Poids (moyenne annuelle) */}
                             <div className="space-y-1.5">
                                 <label htmlFor="weight" className="flex items-center gap-1.5 text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">
                                     <Hash className="w-4 h-4 text-violet-400" />
-                                    Poids (moyenne annuelle)
+                                    {t('parametres.academic_periods.label_weight')}
                                 </label>
                                 <Input
                                     id="weight"
@@ -237,14 +239,14 @@ export default function Create({ academicYears, classroomTypes = [] }: Readonly<
                     <div className="rounded-2xl p-6 bg-linear-to-br from-teal-50 to-emerald-50 border border-teal-100 shadow-sm">
                         <h2 className="text-base font-semibold text-teal-800 mb-5 flex items-center gap-2">
                             <CalendarRange className="w-5 h-5 text-teal-500" />
-                            Calendrier
+                            {t('parametres.academic_periods.section_calendar')}
                         </h2>
                         <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-5">
                             {/* Date de début */}
                             <div className="space-y-1.5">
                                 <label htmlFor="start_date" className="flex items-center gap-1.5 text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">
                                     <CalendarDays className="w-4 h-4 text-teal-400" />
-                                    Date de début <span className="text-red-500">*</span>
+                                    {t('parametres.academic_periods.label_start')} <span className="text-red-500">*</span>
                                 </label>
                                 <Input
                                     id="start_date"
@@ -260,7 +262,7 @@ export default function Create({ academicYears, classroomTypes = [] }: Readonly<
                             <div className="space-y-1.5">
                                 <label htmlFor="end_date" className="flex items-center gap-1.5 text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">
                                     <CalendarDays className="w-4 h-4 text-teal-400" />
-                                    Date de fin <span className="text-red-500">*</span>
+                                    {t('parametres.academic_periods.label_end')} <span className="text-red-500">*</span>
                                 </label>
                                 <Input
                                     id="end_date"
@@ -278,20 +280,20 @@ export default function Create({ academicYears, classroomTypes = [] }: Readonly<
                     <div className="rounded-2xl p-6 bg-linear-to-br from-amber-50 to-orange-50 border border-amber-100 shadow-sm">
                         <h2 className="text-base font-semibold text-amber-800 mb-5 flex items-center gap-2">
                             <Star className="w-5 h-5 text-amber-500" />
-                            Détails &amp; Statut
+                            {t('parametres.academic_periods.section_details')}
                         </h2>
                         <div className="space-y-5">
                             {/* Description */}
                             <div className="space-y-1.5">
                                 <label htmlFor="description" className="flex items-center gap-1.5 text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">
                                     <FileText className="w-4 h-4 text-amber-400" />
-                                    Description
+                                    {t('parametres.academic_periods.label_description')}
                                 </label>
                                 <Textarea
                                     id="description"
                                     value={formData.description}
                                     onChange={(e) => setFormData((prev) => ({ ...prev, description: e.target.value }))}
-                                    placeholder="Description de la période..."
+                                    placeholder={t('parametres.academic_periods.description_ph')}
                                     rows={3}
                                     className={errors.description ? 'border-red-400 bg-red-50/40 ring-1 ring-red-300 resize-none' : 'border-amber-200 bg-white focus-visible:ring-amber-400 resize-none'}
                                 />
@@ -309,7 +311,7 @@ export default function Create({ academicYears, classroomTypes = [] }: Readonly<
                                 />
                                 <span className="flex items-center gap-1.5 text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">
                                     <Star className="w-4 h-4 text-amber-400" />
-                                    Période active (en cours)
+                                    {t('parametres.academic_periods.active_label')}
                                 </span>
                             </label>
                         </div>
@@ -323,7 +325,7 @@ export default function Create({ academicYears, classroomTypes = [] }: Readonly<
                             className="bg-indigo-600 hover:bg-indigo-700 text-white shadow-sm min-w-40"
                         >
                             <Plus className="w-4 h-4 mr-2" />
-                            {isSubmitting ? 'Création...' : 'Créer la période'}
+                            {isSubmitting ? t('parametres.common.creating') : t('parametres.academic_periods.submit_create')}
                         </Button>
                         <Button
                             type="button"
@@ -332,7 +334,7 @@ export default function Create({ academicYears, classroomTypes = [] }: Readonly<
                             onClick={() => router.get(route('academic-periods.index'))}
                         >
                             <X className="w-4 h-4 mr-1.5" />
-                            Annuler
+                            {t('parametres.common.cancel')}
                         </Button>
                     </div>
                 </form>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/AcademicPeriods/Edit.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/AcademicPeriods/Edit.tsx
index a5e99480..22737c7b 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/AcademicPeriods/Edit.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/AcademicPeriods/Edit.tsx
@@ -19,6 +19,7 @@ import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { Select, SelectContent, SelectItem, SelectTrigger, SelectValue } from '@/components/ui/select';
 import { Textarea } from '@/components/ui/textarea';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface AcademicYear {
@@ -50,6 +51,7 @@ interface EditProps {
 }
 
 export default function Edit({ academicPeriod, academicYears, classroomTypes = [] }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const [formData, setFormData] = useState({
         name: academicPeriod.name,
         description: academicPeriod.description || '',
@@ -84,7 +86,7 @@ export default function Edit({ academicPeriod, academicYears, classroomTypes = [
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title={`Modifier ${academicPeriod.name}`} />
+            <Head title={t('parametres.academic_periods.edit_head', { name: academicPeriod.name })} />
 
             <div className="space-y-6">
                 {/* En-tête */}
@@ -98,7 +100,7 @@ export default function Edit({ academicPeriod, academicYears, classroomTypes = [
                     </button>
                     <div>
                         <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900">
-                            Modifier la période
+                            {t('parametres.academic_periods.edit_title')}
                         </h1>
                         <p className="text-gray-500 mt-1 text-sm">
                             {academicPeriod.name} — {academicPeriod.academic_year.year}
@@ -112,21 +114,21 @@ export default function Edit({ academicPeriod, academicYears, classroomTypes = [
                     <div className="rounded-2xl p-6 bg-linear-to-br from-indigo-50 to-blue-50 border border-indigo-100 shadow-sm">
                         <h2 className="text-base font-semibold text-indigo-800 mb-5 flex items-center gap-2">
                             <GraduationCap className="w-5 h-5 text-indigo-500" />
-                            Identification
+                            {t('parametres.academic_periods.section_identification')}
                         </h2>
                         <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-5">
                             {/* Nom */}
                             <div className="space-y-1.5">
                                 <label htmlFor="name" className="flex items-center gap-1.5 text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">
                                     <FileText className="w-4 h-4 text-indigo-400" />
-                                    Nom <span className="text-red-500">*</span>
+                                    {t('parametres.academic_periods.label_name')} <span className="text-red-500">*</span>
                                 </label>
                                 <Input
                                     id="name"
                                     type="text"
                                     value={formData.name}
                                     onChange={(e) => setFormData((prev) => ({ ...prev, name: e.target.value }))}
-                                    placeholder="Ex: Trimestre 1, Semestre 1..."
+                                    placeholder={t('parametres.academic_periods.name_ph')}
                                     className={errors.name ? 'border-red-400 bg-red-50/40 ring-1 ring-red-300' : 'border-indigo-200 bg-white focus-visible:ring-indigo-400'}
                                 />
                                 {errors.name && <p className="text-red-600 text-xs flex items-center gap-1"><X className="w-3 h-3" />{errors.name}</p>}
@@ -136,7 +138,7 @@ export default function Edit({ academicPeriod, academicYears, classroomTypes = [
                             <div className="space-y-1.5">
                                 <label htmlFor="academic_year_id" className="flex items-center gap-1.5 text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">
                                     <GraduationCap className="w-4 h-4 text-indigo-400" />
-                                    Année académique <span className="text-red-500">*</span>
+                                    {t('parametres.academic_periods.label_year')} <span className="text-red-500">*</span>
                                 </label>
                                 <Select
                                     value={formData.academic_year_id}
@@ -146,7 +148,7 @@ export default function Edit({ academicPeriod, academicYears, classroomTypes = [
                                         id="academic_year_id"
                                         className={`bg-white ${errors.academic_year_id ? 'border-red-400 ring-1 ring-red-300' : 'border-indigo-200'}`}
                                     >
-                                        <SelectValue placeholder="Sélectionner une année" />
+                                        <SelectValue placeholder={t('parametres.academic_periods.year_ph')} />
                                     </SelectTrigger>
                                     <SelectContent>
                                         {academicYears.map((year) => (
@@ -163,14 +165,14 @@ export default function Edit({ academicPeriod, academicYears, classroomTypes = [
                     <div className="rounded-2xl p-6 bg-linear-to-br from-violet-50 to-purple-50 border border-violet-100 shadow-sm">
                         <h2 className="text-base font-semibold text-violet-800 mb-5 flex items-center gap-2">
                             <Hash className="w-5 h-5 text-violet-500" />
-                            Classification
+                            {t('parametres.academic_periods.section_classification')}
                         </h2>
                         <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-5">
                             {/* Type */}
                             <div className="space-y-1.5">
                                 <label htmlFor="type" className="flex items-center gap-1.5 text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">
                                     <Hash className="w-4 h-4 text-violet-400" />
-                                    Type <span className="text-red-500">*</span>
+                                    {t('parametres.academic_periods.label_type')} <span className="text-red-500">*</span>
                                 </label>
                                 <Select
                                     value={formData.type}
@@ -183,8 +185,8 @@ export default function Edit({ academicPeriod, academicYears, classroomTypes = [
                                         <SelectValue />
                                     </SelectTrigger>
                                     <SelectContent>
-                                        <SelectItem value="trimestre">Trimestre</SelectItem>
-                                        <SelectItem value="semestre">Semestre</SelectItem>
+                                        <SelectItem value="trimestre">{t('parametres.academic_periods.type_trimester')}</SelectItem>
+                                        <SelectItem value="semestre">{t('parametres.academic_periods.type_semester')}</SelectItem>
                                     </SelectContent>
                                 </Select>
                                 {errors.type && <p className="text-red-600 text-xs flex items-center gap-1"><X className="w-3 h-3" />{errors.type}</p>}
@@ -194,7 +196,7 @@ export default function Edit({ academicPeriod, academicYears, classroomTypes = [
                             <div className="space-y-1.5">
                                 <label htmlFor="order" className="flex items-center gap-1.5 text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">
                                     <ListOrdered className="w-4 h-4 text-violet-400" />
-                                    Ordre
+                                    {t('parametres.academic_periods.label_order')}
                                 </label>
                                 <Input
                                     id="order"
@@ -202,7 +204,7 @@ export default function Edit({ academicPeriod, academicYears, classroomTypes = [
                                     min="1"
                                     value={formData.order}
                                     onChange={(e) => setFormData((prev) => ({ ...prev, order: e.target.value }))}
-                                    placeholder="1, 2, 3..."
+                                    placeholder={t('parametres.academic_periods.order_ph')}
                                     className={errors.order ? 'border-red-400 bg-red-50/40 ring-1 ring-red-300' : 'border-violet-200 bg-white focus-visible:ring-violet-400'}
                                 />
                                 {errors.order && <p className="text-red-600 text-xs flex items-center gap-1"><X className="w-3 h-3" />{errors.order}</p>}
@@ -212,7 +214,7 @@ export default function Edit({ academicPeriod, academicYears, classroomTypes = [
                             <div className="space-y-1.5">
                                 <label htmlFor="class_type_id" className="flex items-center gap-1.5 text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">
                                     <GraduationCap className="w-4 h-4 text-violet-400" />
-                                    Type de classe
+                                    {t('parametres.academic_periods.label_class_type')}
                                 </label>
                                 <Select
                                     value={formData.class_type_id}
@@ -222,20 +224,20 @@ export default function Edit({ academicPeriod, academicYears, classroomTypes = [
                                         <SelectValue />
                                     </SelectTrigger>
                                     <SelectContent>
-                                        <SelectItem value="all">Toutes les classes (global)</SelectItem>
+                                        <SelectItem value="all">{t('parametres.academic_periods.class_type_all')}</SelectItem>
                                         {classroomTypes.map((ct) => (
                                             <SelectItem key={ct.id} value={ct.id}>{ct.name}</SelectItem>
                                         ))}
                                     </SelectContent>
                                 </Select>
-                                <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">Laisser « global » pour appliquer à tous les types de classe.</p>
+                                <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">{t('parametres.academic_periods.class_type_hint')}</p>
                             </div>
 
                             {/* Poids (moyenne annuelle) */}
                             <div className="space-y-1.5">
                                 <label htmlFor="weight" className="flex items-center gap-1.5 text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">
                                     <Hash className="w-4 h-4 text-violet-400" />
-                                    Poids (moyenne annuelle)
+                                    {t('parametres.academic_periods.label_weight')}
                                 </label>
                                 <Input
                                     id="weight"
@@ -255,14 +257,14 @@ export default function Edit({ academicPeriod, academicYears, classroomTypes = [
                     <div className="rounded-2xl p-6 bg-linear-to-br from-teal-50 to-emerald-50 border border-teal-100 shadow-sm">
                         <h2 className="text-base font-semibold text-teal-800 mb-5 flex items-center gap-2">
                             <CalendarRange className="w-5 h-5 text-teal-500" />
-                            Calendrier
+                            {t('parametres.academic_periods.section_calendar')}
                         </h2>
                         <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-5">
                             {/* Date de début */}
                             <div className="space-y-1.5">
                                 <label htmlFor="start_date" className="flex items-center gap-1.5 text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">
                                     <CalendarDays className="w-4 h-4 text-teal-400" />
-                                    Date de début <span className="text-red-500">*</span>
+                                    {t('parametres.academic_periods.label_start')} <span className="text-red-500">*</span>
                                 </label>
                                 <Input
                                     id="start_date"
@@ -278,7 +280,7 @@ export default function Edit({ academicPeriod, academicYears, classroomTypes = [
                             <div className="space-y-1.5">
                                 <label htmlFor="end_date" className="flex items-center gap-1.5 text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">
                                     <CalendarDays className="w-4 h-4 text-teal-400" />
-                                    Date de fin <span className="text-red-500">*</span>
+                                    {t('parametres.academic_periods.label_end')} <span className="text-red-500">*</span>
                                 </label>
                                 <Input
                                     id="end_date"
@@ -296,20 +298,20 @@ export default function Edit({ academicPeriod, academicYears, classroomTypes = [
                     <div className="rounded-2xl p-6 bg-linear-to-br from-amber-50 to-orange-50 border border-amber-100 shadow-sm">
                         <h2 className="text-base font-semibold text-amber-800 mb-5 flex items-center gap-2">
                             <Star className="w-5 h-5 text-amber-500" />
-                            Détails &amp; Statut
+                            {t('parametres.academic_periods.section_details')}
                         </h2>
                         <div className="space-y-5">
                             {/* Description */}
                             <div className="space-y-1.5">
                                 <label htmlFor="description" className="flex items-center gap-1.5 text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">
                                     <FileText className="w-4 h-4 text-amber-400" />
-                                    Description
+                                    {t('parametres.academic_periods.label_description')}
                                 </label>
                                 <Textarea
                                     id="description"
                                     value={formData.description}
                                     onChange={(e) => setFormData((prev) => ({ ...prev, description: e.target.value }))}
-                                    placeholder="Description de la période..."
+                                    placeholder={t('parametres.academic_periods.description_ph')}
                                     rows={3}
                                     className={errors.description ? 'border-red-400 bg-red-50/40 ring-1 ring-red-300 resize-none' : 'border-amber-200 bg-white focus-visible:ring-amber-400 resize-none'}
                                 />
@@ -327,7 +329,7 @@ export default function Edit({ academicPeriod, academicYears, classroomTypes = [
                                 />
                                 <span className="flex items-center gap-1.5 text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">
                                     <Star className="w-4 h-4 text-amber-400" />
-                                    Période active (en cours)
+                                    {t('parametres.academic_periods.active_label')}
                                 </span>
                             </label>
                         </div>
@@ -341,7 +343,7 @@ export default function Edit({ academicPeriod, academicYears, classroomTypes = [
                             className="bg-indigo-600 hover:bg-indigo-700 text-white shadow-sm min-w-40"
                         >
                             <Save className="w-4 h-4 mr-2" />
-                            {isSubmitting ? 'Enregistrement...' : 'Enregistrer les modifications'}
+                            {isSubmitting ? t('parametres.academic_periods.saving') : t('parametres.academic_periods.submit_update')}
                         </Button>
                         <Button
                             type="button"
@@ -350,7 +352,7 @@ export default function Edit({ academicPeriod, academicYears, classroomTypes = [
                             onClick={() => router.get(route('academic-periods.index'))}
                         >
                             <X className="w-4 h-4 mr-1.5" />
-                            Annuler
+                            {t('parametres.common.cancel')}
                         </Button>
                     </div>
                 </form>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/AcademicPeriods/Index.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/AcademicPeriods/Index.tsx
index d7d3ce6b..28beb4f0 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/AcademicPeriods/Index.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/AcademicPeriods/Index.tsx
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ import {
     TableRow,
 } from '@/components/ui/table';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface AcademicYear {
@@ -63,6 +64,8 @@ interface IndexProps {
 }
 
 export default function Index({ academicPeriods, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>) {
+    const { t, locale } = useTranslation();
+    const dateLocale = locale === 'en' ? 'en-GB' : 'fr-FR';
     const [deleteConfirm, setDeleteConfirm] = useState<string | null>(null);
     const [isDeleting, setIsDeleting] = useState(false);
     const [searchQuery, setSearchQuery] = useState(filters.search || '');
@@ -99,21 +102,21 @@ export default function Index({ academicPeriods, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>
 
     const statsCards = [
         {
-            title: 'Périodes totales',
+            title: t('parametres.academic_periods.stat_total'),
             value: academicPeriods.total,
             icon: Calendar,
             bgColor: 'bg-blue-50',
             textColor: 'text-blue-600',
         },
         {
-            title: 'Périodes actives',
+            title: t('parametres.academic_periods.stat_active'),
             value: currentPeriods,
             icon: CheckCircle2,
             bgColor: 'bg-green-50',
             textColor: 'text-green-600',
         },
         {
-            title: 'Page',
+            title: t('parametres.academic_periods.stat_page'),
             value: `${academicPeriods.current_page}/${academicPeriods.last_page}`,
             icon: Clock,
             bgColor: 'bg-purple-50',
@@ -122,7 +125,7 @@ export default function Index({ academicPeriods, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>
     ];
 
     const formatDate = (dateString: string) => {
-        return new Date(dateString).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR', {
+        return new Date(dateString).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale, {
             day: '2-digit',
             month: '2-digit',
             year: 'numeric'
@@ -130,22 +133,22 @@ export default function Index({ academicPeriods, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>
     };
 
     const getTypeLabel = (type: string) => {
-        return type === 'trimestre' ? 'Trimestre' : 'Semestre';
+        return type === 'trimestre' ? t('parametres.academic_periods.type_trimester') : t('parametres.academic_periods.type_semester');
     };
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Périodes académiques" />
+            <Head title={t('parametres.academic_periods.head')} />
 
             <div className="space-y-6">
                 {/* Header */}
                 <div className="flex items-start justify-between">
                     <div>
                         <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3"><Clock className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />
-                            Périodes académiques
+                            {t('parametres.academic_periods.title')}
                         </h1>
                         <p className="mt-2 text-lg text-gray-600">
-                            Gérez les périodes académiques (trimestres et semestres)
+                            {t('parametres.academic_periods.subtitle')}
                         </p>
                     </div>
                     <Button 
@@ -153,7 +156,7 @@ export default function Index({ academicPeriods, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>
                         className="gap-2 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700"
                     >
                         <Plus className="w-5 h-5" />
-                        Nouvelle période
+                        {t('parametres.academic_periods.new')}
                     </Button>
                 </div>
 
@@ -191,7 +194,7 @@ export default function Index({ academicPeriods, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>
                             <Search className="absolute left-3 top-1/2 -translate-y-1/2 w-5 h-5 text-gray-400" />
                             <Input
                                 type="text"
-                                placeholder="Rechercher une période..."
+                                placeholder={t('parametres.academic_periods.search_ph')}
                                 value={searchQuery}
                                 onChange={(e) => setSearchQuery(e.target.value)}
                                 onKeyDown={(e) => {
@@ -214,7 +217,7 @@ export default function Index({ academicPeriods, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>
                             onClick={handleSearch}
                             className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700"
                         >
-                            Rechercher
+                            {t('parametres.common.search')}
                         </Button>
                     </div>
                 </div>
@@ -224,13 +227,13 @@ export default function Index({ academicPeriods, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>
                     <Table>
                         <TableHeader>
                             <TableRow className="bg-gray-50">
-                                <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Nom</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Année</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Type</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Ordre</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Période</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Statut</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="text-right font-semibold text-gray-900">Actions</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.academic_periods.th_name')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.academic_periods.th_year')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.academic_periods.th_type')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.academic_periods.th_order')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.academic_periods.th_period')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.academic_periods.th_status')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="text-right font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.common.actions')}</TableHead>
                             </TableRow>
                         </TableHeader>
                         <TableBody>
@@ -239,7 +242,7 @@ export default function Index({ academicPeriods, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>
                                     <TableCell colSpan={7} className="text-center py-12">
                                         <div className="flex flex-col items-center gap-2">
                                             <Clock className="w-12 h-12 text-gray-300" />
-                                            <p className="text-gray-500 font-medium">Aucune période académique trouvée</p>
+                                            <p className="text-gray-500 font-medium">{t('parametres.academic_periods.empty')}</p>
                                         </div>
                                     </TableCell>
                                 </TableRow>
@@ -287,32 +290,32 @@ export default function Index({ academicPeriods, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>
                                             {period.is_current ? (
                                                 <span className="inline-flex items-center gap-1 px-3 py-1 rounded-full text-sm font-medium bg-green-100 text-green-700">
                                                     <CheckCircle2 className="w-4 h-4" />
-                                                    Active
+                                                    {t('parametres.academic_periods.status_active')}
                                                 </span>
                                             ) : (
                                                 <span className="inline-flex items-center px-3 py-1 rounded-full text-sm font-medium bg-gray-100 text-gray-700">
-                                                    Inactive
+                                                    {t('parametres.academic_periods.status_inactive')}
                                                 </span>
                                             )}
                                         </TableCell>
                                         <TableCell className="text-right">
                                             <div className="flex justify-end gap-2">
                                                 <IconButton
-                                                    label="Voir"
+                                                    label={t('parametres.common.view')}
                                                     variant="ghost"
                                                     icon={<Eye className="w-4 h-4" />}
                                                     onClick={() => router.get(route('academic-periods.show', period.id))}
                                                     className="text-blue-600 hover:text-blue-700 hover:bg-blue-50"
                                                 />
                                                 <IconButton
-                                                    label="Modifier"
+                                                    label={t('parametres.common.edit')}
                                                     variant="ghost"
                                                     icon={<Pencil className="w-4 h-4" />}
                                                     onClick={() => router.get(route('academic-periods.edit', period.id))}
                                                     className="text-gray-600 hover:text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-50"
                                                 />
                                                 <IconButton
-                                                    label="Supprimer"
+                                                    label={t('parametres.common.delete')}
                                                     variant="ghost"
                                                     icon={<Trash2 className="w-4 h-4" />}
                                                     onClick={() => setDeleteConfirm(period.id)}
@@ -331,7 +334,7 @@ export default function Index({ academicPeriods, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>
                 {academicPeriods.last_page > 1 && (
                     <div className="flex items-center justify-between bg-white rounded-lg shadow-sm p-4 border border-gray-200">
                         <div className="text-sm text-gray-600">
-                            Affichage de {academicPeriods.from} à {academicPeriods.to} sur {academicPeriods.total} résultats
+                            {t('parametres.common.showing', { from: academicPeriods.from, to: academicPeriods.to, total: academicPeriods.total })}
                         </div>
                         <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
                             <Button
@@ -347,7 +350,7 @@ export default function Index({ academicPeriods, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>
                                 className="gap-1"
                             >
                                 <ChevronLeft className="w-4 h-4" />
-                                Précédent
+                                {t('parametres.common.prev')}
                             </Button>
 
                             <div className="flex gap-1">
@@ -394,7 +397,7 @@ export default function Index({ academicPeriods, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>
                                 disabled={academicPeriods.current_page === academicPeriods.last_page}
                                 className="gap-1"
                             >
-                                Suivant
+                                {t('parametres.common.next')}
                                 <ChevronRight className="w-4 h-4" />
                             </Button>
                         </div>
@@ -406,19 +409,19 @@ export default function Index({ academicPeriods, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>
             <AlertDialog open={!!deleteConfirm} onOpenChange={() => setDeleteConfirm(null)}>
                 <AlertDialogContent>
                     <AlertDialogHeader>
-                        <AlertDialogTitle>Confirmer la suppression</AlertDialogTitle>
+                        <AlertDialogTitle>{t('parametres.academic_periods.delete_title')}</AlertDialogTitle>
                         <AlertDialogDescription>
-                            Êtes-vous sûr de vouloir supprimer cette période académique ? Cette action est irréversible.
+                            {t('parametres.academic_periods.delete_desc')}
                         </AlertDialogDescription>
                     </AlertDialogHeader>
                     <div className="flex justify-end gap-3">
-                        <AlertDialogCancel disabled={isDeleting}>Annuler</AlertDialogCancel>
+                        <AlertDialogCancel disabled={isDeleting}>{t('parametres.common.cancel')}</AlertDialogCancel>
                         <AlertDialogAction
                             onClick={() => deleteConfirm && handleDelete(deleteConfirm)}
                             disabled={isDeleting}
                             className="bg-red-600 hover:bg-red-700"
                         >
-                            {isDeleting ? 'Suppression...' : 'Supprimer'}
+                            {isDeleting ? t('parametres.academic_periods.deleting') : t('parametres.common.delete')}
                         </AlertDialogAction>
                     </div>
                 </AlertDialogContent>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/AcademicPeriods/Show.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/AcademicPeriods/Show.tsx
index 4ea912cf..c7f548a2 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/AcademicPeriods/Show.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/AcademicPeriods/Show.tsx
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { Head, router } from '@inertiajs/react';
 import { ArrowLeft, Calendar, CheckCircle2, Clock, Info } from 'lucide-react';
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface AcademicYear {
@@ -29,8 +30,10 @@ interface ShowProps {
 }
 
 export default function Show({ academicPeriod }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
+    const { t, locale } = useTranslation();
+    const dateLocale = locale === 'en' ? 'en-GB' : 'fr-FR';
     const formatDate = (date: string) => {
-        return new Date(date).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR', {
+        return new Date(date).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale, {
             year: 'numeric',
             month: 'long',
             day: 'numeric'
@@ -38,7 +41,7 @@ export default function Show({ academicPeriod }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
     };
 
     const formatDateShort = (date: string) => {
-        return new Date(date).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR', {
+        return new Date(date).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale, {
             day: '2-digit',
             month: '2-digit',
             year: 'numeric'
@@ -46,7 +49,7 @@ export default function Show({ academicPeriod }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
     };
 
     const getTypeLabel = (type: string) => {
-        return type === 'trimestre' ? 'Trimestre' : 'Semestre';
+        return type === 'trimestre' ? t('parametres.academic_periods.type_trimester') : t('parametres.academic_periods.type_semester');
     };
 
     return (
@@ -76,7 +79,7 @@ export default function Show({ academicPeriod }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                                 {academicPeriod.is_current && (
                                     <span className="inline-flex items-center gap-1 px-2 py-1 rounded-full text-xs font-medium bg-green-100 text-green-700">
                                         <CheckCircle2 className="w-3 h-3" />
-                                        Active
+                                        {t('parametres.academic_periods.status_active')}
                                     </span>
                                 )}
                             </div>
@@ -86,7 +89,7 @@ export default function Show({ academicPeriod }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                         onClick={() => router.get(route('academic-periods.edit', academicPeriod.id))}
                         className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700"
                     >
-                        Modifier
+                        {t('parametres.common.edit')}
                     </Button>
                 </div>
 
@@ -96,33 +99,33 @@ export default function Show({ academicPeriod }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                         <div className="bg-white rounded-lg border p-6">
                             <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-4 flex items-center gap-2">
                                 <Calendar className="w-5 h-5 text-blue-600" />
-                                Informations de la période
+                                {t('parametres.academic_periods.info_title')}
                             </h2>
                             <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-4">
                                 <div>
-                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Nom</p>
+                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('parametres.academic_periods.th_name')}</p>
                                     <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">{academicPeriod.name}</p>
                                 </div>
                                 <div>
-                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Type</p>
+                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('parametres.academic_periods.th_type')}</p>
                                     <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">{getTypeLabel(academicPeriod.type)}</p>
                                 </div>
                                 <div>
-                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Année académique</p>
+                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('parametres.academic_periods.label_year')}</p>
                                     <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">{academicPeriod.academic_year.year}</p>
                                 </div>
                                 <div>
-                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Ordre</p>
+                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('parametres.academic_periods.th_order')}</p>
                                     <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">{academicPeriod.order || '-'}</p>
                                 </div>
                                 <div>
-                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Date de début</p>
+                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('parametres.academic_periods.label_start')}</p>
                                     <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">
                                         {formatDateShort(academicPeriod.start_date)}
                                     </p>
                                 </div>
                                 <div>
-                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Date de fin</p>
+                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('parametres.academic_periods.label_end')}</p>
                                     <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">
                                         {formatDateShort(academicPeriod.end_date)}
                                     </p>
@@ -134,7 +137,7 @@ export default function Show({ academicPeriod }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                             <div className="bg-white rounded-lg border p-6">
                                 <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-4 flex items-center gap-2">
                                     <Info className="w-5 h-5 text-blue-600" />
-                                    Description
+                                    {t('parametres.academic_periods.label_description')}
                                 </h2>
                                 <p className="text-gray-700 leading-relaxed">{academicPeriod.description}</p>
                             </div>
@@ -146,19 +149,19 @@ export default function Show({ academicPeriod }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                         <div className="bg-white rounded-lg border p-6">
                             <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-4 flex items-center gap-2">
                                 <Clock className="w-5 h-5 text-blue-600" />
-                                Informations système
+                                {t('parametres.academic_periods.system_title')}
                             </h2>
                             <div className="space-y-4">
                                 <div>
-                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Date de création</p>
+                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('parametres.common.created_at')}</p>
                                     <p className="text-sm text-gray-900 mt-1">{formatDate(academicPeriod.created_at)}</p>
                                 </div>
                                 <div>
-                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Dernière modification</p>
+                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('parametres.common.updated_on')}</p>
                                     <p className="text-sm text-gray-900 mt-1">{formatDate(academicPeriod.updated_at)}</p>
                                 </div>
                                 <div>
-                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Identifiant</p>
+                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('parametres.academic_periods.label_id')}</p>
                                     <p className="text-xs text-gray-500 mt-1 font-mono break-all">
                                         {academicPeriod.id}
                                     </p>
@@ -169,11 +172,10 @@ export default function Show({ academicPeriod }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                         <div className="bg-blue-50 rounded-lg border border-blue-200 p-6">
                             <h3 className="font-semibold text-blue-900 mb-2 flex items-center gap-2">
                                 <Info className="w-4 h-4" />
-                                À propos
+                                {t('parametres.academic_periods.about_title')}
                             </h3>
                             <p className="text-sm text-blue-700">
-                                Les périodes académiques permettent de diviser l'année scolaire en trimestres ou semestres 
-                                pour organiser l'évaluation et le suivi des élèves.
+                                {t('parametres.academic_periods.about_desc')}
                             </p>
                         </div>
                     </div>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/AcademicYears/Create.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/AcademicYears/Create.tsx
index b503ba6f..6690494e 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/AcademicYears/Create.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/AcademicYears/Create.tsx
@@ -4,9 +4,11 @@ import { useState } from 'react';
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 export default function Create() {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const [formData, setFormData] = useState({
         year: '',
         start_date: '',
@@ -34,7 +36,7 @@ export default function Create() {
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Créer une année académique" />
+            <Head title={t('parametres.academic_years.create_head')} />
 
             <div className="space-y-6">
                 {/* Header */}
@@ -47,7 +49,7 @@ export default function Create() {
                     </button>
                     <div>
                         <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900">
-                            Créer une nouvelle année académique
+                            {t('parametres.academic_years.create_title')}
                         </h1>
                     </div>
                 </div>
@@ -57,18 +59,18 @@ export default function Create() {
                         <div className="rounded-2xl bg-linear-to-br from-indigo-50 to-white ring-1 ring-indigo-100 p-6 shadow-sm space-y-4">
                             <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-indigo-700">
                                 <CalendarDays className="h-4 w-4" />
-                                <p className="text-sm font-semibold">Période académique</p>
+                                <p className="text-sm font-semibold">{t('parametres.academic_years.section_period')}</p>
                             </div>
                             <div>
                                 <label htmlFor="year" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
-                                    Année *
+                                    {t('parametres.academic_years.label_year')} *
                                 </label>
                                 <Input
                                     id="year"
                                     type="text"
                                     value={formData.year}
                                     onChange={(e) => setFormData(prev => ({ ...prev, year: e.target.value }))}
-                                    placeholder="Ex: 2025-2026"
+                                    placeholder={t('parametres.academic_years.year_ph')}
                                     className={errors.year ? 'border-red-500 bg-white/90' : 'border-slate-200 bg-white/90'}
                                 />
                                 {errors.year && (
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ export default function Create() {
 
                             <div>
                                 <label htmlFor="start_date" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
-                                    Date de début *
+                                    {t('parametres.academic_years.label_start')} *
                                 </label>
                                 <Input
                                     id="start_date"
@@ -94,7 +96,7 @@ export default function Create() {
 
                             <div>
                                 <label htmlFor="end_date" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
-                                    Date de fin *
+                                    {t('parametres.academic_years.label_end')} *
                                 </label>
                                 <Input
                                     id="end_date"
@@ -112,7 +114,7 @@ export default function Create() {
                         <div className="rounded-2xl bg-linear-to-br from-emerald-50 to-white ring-1 ring-emerald-100 p-6 shadow-sm space-y-4">
                             <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-emerald-700">
                                 <ToggleLeft className="h-4 w-4" />
-                                <p className="text-sm font-semibold">Activation</p>
+                                <p className="text-sm font-semibold">{t('parametres.academic_years.section_activation')}</p>
                             </div>
                             <div>
                                 <label className="flex items-center gap-2 cursor-pointer">
@@ -123,11 +125,11 @@ export default function Create() {
                                         className="w-4 h-4 text-blue-600 border-slate-300 rounded focus:ring-blue-500"
                                     />
                                     <span className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-900">
-                                        Année active
+                                        {t('parametres.academic_years.active_label')}
                                     </span>
                                 </label>
                                 <p className="text-sm text-gray-500 mt-3">
-                                    Cochez cette case si c'est l'année académique en cours
+                                    {t('parametres.academic_years.active_hint')}
                                 </p>
                             </div>
                         </div>
@@ -140,7 +142,7 @@ export default function Create() {
                             disabled={isSubmitting}
                             className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700"
                         >
-                            {isSubmitting ? 'Création...' : 'Créer l\'année académique'}
+                            {isSubmitting ? t('parametres.common.creating') : t('parametres.academic_years.submit_create')}
                         </Button>
                         <Button
                             type="button"
@@ -148,7 +150,7 @@ export default function Create() {
                             className="border-slate-200"
                             onClick={() => router.get(route('academic-years.index'))}
                         >
-                            Annuler
+                            {t('parametres.common.cancel')}
                         </Button>
                     </div>
                 </form>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/AcademicYears/Edit.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/AcademicYears/Edit.tsx
index 068fc20d..75319678 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/AcademicYears/Edit.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/AcademicYears/Edit.tsx
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import { useState } from 'react';
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface AcademicYear {
@@ -19,6 +20,7 @@ interface EditProps {
 }
 
 export default function Edit({ academicYear }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const [formData, setFormData] = useState({
         year: academicYear.year,
         start_date: academicYear.start_date,
@@ -46,7 +48,7 @@ export default function Edit({ academicYear }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title={`Modifier ${academicYear.year}`} />
+            <Head title={t('parametres.academic_years.edit_head', { year: academicYear.year })} />
 
             <div className="space-y-6">
                 {/* Header */}
@@ -59,7 +61,7 @@ export default function Edit({ academicYear }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
                     </button>
                     <div>
                         <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900">
-                            Modifier {academicYear.year}
+                            {t('parametres.academic_years.edit_title', { year: academicYear.year })}
                         </h1>
                     </div>
                 </div>
@@ -69,18 +71,18 @@ export default function Edit({ academicYear }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
                         <div className="rounded-2xl bg-linear-to-br from-indigo-50 to-white ring-1 ring-indigo-100 p-6 shadow-sm space-y-4">
                             <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-indigo-700">
                                 <CalendarDays className="h-4 w-4" />
-                                <p className="text-sm font-semibold">Période académique</p>
+                                <p className="text-sm font-semibold">{t('parametres.academic_years.section_period')}</p>
                             </div>
                             <div>
                                 <label htmlFor="year" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
-                                    Année *
+                                    {t('parametres.academic_years.label_year')} *
                                 </label>
                                 <Input
                                     id="year"
                                     type="text"
                                     value={formData.year}
                                     onChange={(e) => setFormData(prev => ({ ...prev, year: e.target.value }))}
-                                    placeholder="Ex: 2025-2026"
+                                    placeholder={t('parametres.academic_years.year_ph')}
                                     className={errors.year ? 'border-red-500 bg-white/90' : 'border-slate-200 bg-white/90'}
                                 />
                                 {errors.year && (
@@ -90,7 +92,7 @@ export default function Edit({ academicYear }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
 
                             <div>
                                 <label htmlFor="start_date" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
-                                    Date de début *
+                                    {t('parametres.academic_years.label_start')} *
                                 </label>
                                 <Input
                                     id="start_date"
@@ -106,7 +108,7 @@ export default function Edit({ academicYear }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
 
                             <div>
                                 <label htmlFor="end_date" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
-                                    Date de fin *
+                                    {t('parametres.academic_years.label_end')} *
                                 </label>
                                 <Input
                                     id="end_date"
@@ -124,7 +126,7 @@ export default function Edit({ academicYear }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
                         <div className="rounded-2xl bg-linear-to-br from-emerald-50 to-white ring-1 ring-emerald-100 p-6 shadow-sm space-y-4">
                             <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-emerald-700">
                                 <ToggleLeft className="h-4 w-4" />
-                                <p className="text-sm font-semibold">Activation</p>
+                                <p className="text-sm font-semibold">{t('parametres.academic_years.section_activation')}</p>
                             </div>
                             <div>
                                 <label className="flex items-center gap-2 cursor-pointer">
@@ -135,11 +137,11 @@ export default function Edit({ academicYear }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
                                         className="w-4 h-4 text-blue-600 border-slate-300 rounded focus:ring-blue-500"
                                     />
                                     <span className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-900">
-                                        Année active
+                                        {t('parametres.academic_years.active_label')}
                                     </span>
                                 </label>
                                 <p className="text-sm text-gray-500 mt-3">
-                                    Cochez cette case si c'est l'année académique en cours
+                                    {t('parametres.academic_years.active_hint')}
                                 </p>
                             </div>
                         </div>
@@ -152,7 +154,7 @@ export default function Edit({ academicYear }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
                             disabled={isSubmitting}
                             className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700"
                         >
-                            {isSubmitting ? 'Mise à jour...' : 'Mettre à jour'}
+                            {isSubmitting ? t('parametres.common.updating') : t('parametres.common.update')}
                         </Button>
                         <Button
                             type="button"
@@ -160,7 +162,7 @@ export default function Edit({ academicYear }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
                             className="border-slate-200"
                             onClick={() => router.get(route('academic-years.index'))}
                         >
-                            Annuler
+                            {t('parametres.common.cancel')}
                         </Button>
                     </div>
                 </form>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/AcademicYears/Index.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/AcademicYears/Index.tsx
index 2d997ddb..8f57c1df 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/AcademicYears/Index.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/AcademicYears/Index.tsx
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ import {
     TableRow,
 } from '@/components/ui/table';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface AcademicYear {
@@ -51,6 +52,8 @@ interface IndexProps {
 }
 
 export default function Index({ academicYears, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>) {
+    const { t, locale } = useTranslation();
+    const dateLocale = locale === 'en' ? 'en-GB' : 'fr-FR';
     const [deleteConfirm, setDeleteConfirm] = useState<string | null>(null);
     const [isDeleting, setIsDeleting] = useState(false);
     const [searchQuery, setSearchQuery] = useState(filters.search || '');
@@ -87,21 +90,21 @@ export default function Index({ academicYears, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>)
 
     const statsCards = [
         {
-            title: 'Années totales',
+            title: t('parametres.academic_years.stat_total'),
             value: academicYears.total,
             icon: Calendar,
             bgColor: 'bg-blue-50',
             textColor: 'text-blue-600',
         },
         {
-            title: 'Années actives',
+            title: t('parametres.academic_years.stat_active'),
             value: activeYears,
             icon: CheckCircle2,
             bgColor: 'bg-green-50',
             textColor: 'text-green-600',
         },
         {
-            title: 'Page',
+            title: t('parametres.academic_years.stat_page'),
             value: `${academicYears.current_page}/${academicYears.last_page}`,
             icon: Calendar,
             bgColor: 'bg-purple-50',
@@ -110,7 +113,7 @@ export default function Index({ academicYears, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>)
     ];
 
     const formatDate = (dateString: string) => {
-        return new Date(dateString).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR', {
+        return new Date(dateString).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale, {
             day: '2-digit',
             month: '2-digit',
             year: 'numeric'
@@ -119,17 +122,17 @@ export default function Index({ academicYears, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>)
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Années académiques" />
+            <Head title={t('parametres.academic_years.head')} />
 
             <div className="space-y-6">
                 {/* Header */}
                 <div className="flex items-start justify-between">
                     <div>
                         <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3"><Calendar className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />
-                            Années académiques
+                            {t('parametres.academic_years.title')}
                         </h1>
                         <p className="mt-2 text-lg text-gray-600">
-                            Gérez les années académiques
+                            {t('parametres.academic_years.subtitle')}
                         </p>
                     </div>
                     <Button 
@@ -137,7 +140,7 @@ export default function Index({ academicYears, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>)
                         className="gap-2 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700"
                     >
                         <Plus className="w-5 h-5" />
-                        Nouvelle année
+                        {t('parametres.academic_years.new')}
                     </Button>
                 </div>
 
@@ -175,7 +178,7 @@ export default function Index({ academicYears, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>)
                             <Search className="absolute left-3 top-1/2 -translate-y-1/2 w-5 h-5 text-gray-400" />
                             <Input
                                 type="text"
-                                placeholder="Rechercher une année..."
+                                placeholder={t('parametres.academic_years.search_ph')}
                                 value={searchQuery}
                                 onChange={(e) => setSearchQuery(e.target.value)}
                                 onKeyDown={(e) => {
@@ -198,7 +201,7 @@ export default function Index({ academicYears, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>)
                             onClick={handleSearch}
                             className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700"
                         >
-                            Rechercher
+                            {t('parametres.common.search')}
                         </Button>
                     </div>
                 </div>
@@ -208,18 +211,18 @@ export default function Index({ academicYears, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>)
                     <Table>
                         <TableHeader>
                             <TableRow className="bg-gray-50">
-                                <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Année</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Date de début</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Date de fin</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Statut</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="text-right font-semibold text-gray-900">Actions</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.academic_years.th_year')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.academic_years.th_start')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.academic_years.th_end')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.academic_years.th_status')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="text-right font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.common.actions')}</TableHead>
                             </TableRow>
                         </TableHeader>
                         <TableBody>
                             {academicYears.data.length === 0 ? (
                                 <TableRow>
                                     <TableCell colSpan={5} className="text-center py-8 text-gray-500">
-                                        Aucune année académique trouvée
+                                        {t('parametres.academic_years.empty')}
                                     </TableCell>
                                 </TableRow>
                             ) : (
@@ -242,32 +245,32 @@ export default function Index({ academicYears, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>)
                                             {academicYear.active ? (
                                                 <span className="inline-flex items-center gap-1 px-3 py-1 rounded-full text-sm font-medium bg-green-100 text-green-700">
                                                     <CheckCircle2 className="w-4 h-4" />
-                                                    Active
+                                                    {t('parametres.academic_years.status_active')}
                                                 </span>
                                             ) : (
                                                 <span className="inline-flex items-center px-3 py-1 rounded-full text-sm font-medium bg-gray-100 text-gray-700">
-                                                    Inactive
+                                                    {t('parametres.academic_years.status_inactive')}
                                                 </span>
                                             )}
                                         </TableCell>
                                         <TableCell className="text-right">
                                             <div className="flex justify-end gap-2">
                                                 <IconButton
-                                                    label="Voir"
+                                                    label={t('parametres.common.view')}
                                                     variant="ghost"
                                                     icon={<Eye className="w-4 h-4" />}
                                                     onClick={() => router.get(route('academic-years.show', academicYear.id))}
                                                     className="text-blue-600 hover:text-blue-700 hover:bg-blue-50"
                                                 />
                                                 <IconButton
-                                                    label="Modifier"
+                                                    label={t('parametres.common.edit')}
                                                     variant="ghost"
                                                     icon={<Pencil className="w-4 h-4" />}
                                                     onClick={() => router.get(route('academic-years.edit', academicYear.id))}
                                                     className="text-gray-600 hover:text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-50"
                                                 />
                                                 <IconButton
-                                                    label="Supprimer"
+                                                    label={t('parametres.common.delete')}
                                                     variant="ghost"
                                                     icon={<Trash2 className="w-4 h-4" />}
                                                     onClick={() => setDeleteConfirm(academicYear.id)}
@@ -286,7 +289,7 @@ export default function Index({ academicYears, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>)
                 {academicYears.last_page > 1 && (
                     <div className="flex items-center justify-between bg-white rounded-lg shadow-sm p-4 border border-gray-200">
                         <div className="text-sm text-gray-600">
-                            Affichage de {academicYears.from} à {academicYears.to} sur {academicYears.total} résultats
+                            {t('parametres.common.showing', { from: academicYears.from, to: academicYears.to, total: academicYears.total })}
                         </div>
                         <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
                             <Button
@@ -302,7 +305,7 @@ export default function Index({ academicYears, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>)
                                 className="gap-1"
                             >
                                 <ChevronLeft className="w-4 h-4" />
-                                Précédent
+                                {t('parametres.common.prev')}
                             </Button>
 
                             <div className="flex gap-1">
@@ -349,7 +352,7 @@ export default function Index({ academicYears, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>)
                                 disabled={academicYears.current_page === academicYears.last_page}
                                 className="gap-1"
                             >
-                                Suivant
+                                {t('parametres.common.next')}
                                 <ChevronRight className="w-4 h-4" />
                             </Button>
                         </div>
@@ -361,19 +364,19 @@ export default function Index({ academicYears, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>)
             <AlertDialog open={!!deleteConfirm} onOpenChange={() => setDeleteConfirm(null)}>
                 <AlertDialogContent>
                     <AlertDialogHeader>
-                        <AlertDialogTitle>Confirmer la suppression</AlertDialogTitle>
+                        <AlertDialogTitle>{t('parametres.academic_years.delete_title')}</AlertDialogTitle>
                         <AlertDialogDescription>
-                            Êtes-vous sûr de vouloir supprimer cette année académique ? Cette action est irréversible.
+                            {t('parametres.academic_years.delete_desc')}
                         </AlertDialogDescription>
                     </AlertDialogHeader>
                     <div className="flex justify-end gap-3">
-                        <AlertDialogCancel disabled={isDeleting}>Annuler</AlertDialogCancel>
+                        <AlertDialogCancel disabled={isDeleting}>{t('parametres.common.cancel')}</AlertDialogCancel>
                         <AlertDialogAction
                             onClick={() => deleteConfirm && handleDelete(deleteConfirm)}
                             disabled={isDeleting}
                             className="bg-red-600 hover:bg-red-700"
                         >
-                            {isDeleting ? 'Suppression...' : 'Supprimer'}
+                            {isDeleting ? t('parametres.academic_years.deleting') : t('parametres.common.delete')}
                         </AlertDialogAction>
                     </div>
                 </AlertDialogContent>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/AcademicYears/Show.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/AcademicYears/Show.tsx
index 1aeafeb8..ecbc0db1 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/AcademicYears/Show.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/AcademicYears/Show.tsx
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { Head, router } from '@inertiajs/react';
 import { ArrowLeft, Calendar, CheckCircle2, Clock, FileText, XCircle } from 'lucide-react';
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface AcademicYear {
@@ -19,8 +20,10 @@ interface ShowProps {
 }
 
 export default function Show({ academicYear }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
+    const { t, locale } = useTranslation();
+    const dateLocale = locale === 'en' ? 'en-GB' : 'fr-FR';
     const formatDate = (date: string) => {
-        return new Date(date).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR', {
+        return new Date(date).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale, {
             year: 'numeric',
             month: 'long',
             day: 'numeric'
@@ -28,7 +31,7 @@ export default function Show({ academicYear }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
     };
 
     const formatDateShort = (date: string) => {
-        return new Date(date).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR', {
+        return new Date(date).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale, {
             day: '2-digit',
             month: '2-digit',
             year: 'numeric'
@@ -61,12 +64,12 @@ export default function Show({ academicYear }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                                     {academicYear.active ? (
                                         <span className="inline-flex items-center gap-1 px-3 py-1 bg-green-100 text-green-800 text-sm font-medium rounded-full">
                                             <CheckCircle2 className="w-4 h-4" />
-                                            Année active
+                                            {t('parametres.academic_years.active_label')}
                                         </span>
                                     ) : (
                                         <span className="inline-flex items-center gap-1 px-3 py-1 bg-gray-100 text-gray-800 text-sm font-medium rounded-full">
                                             <XCircle className="w-4 h-4" />
-                                            Inactive
+                                            {t('parametres.academic_years.status_inactive')}
                                         </span>
                                     )}
                                 </div>
@@ -77,7 +80,7 @@ export default function Show({ academicYear }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                         onClick={() => router.get(route('academic-years.edit', academicYear.id))}
                         className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700"
                     >
-                        Modifier
+                        {t('parametres.common.edit')}
                     </Button>
                 </div>
 
@@ -87,27 +90,27 @@ export default function Show({ academicYear }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                         <div className="bg-white rounded-lg border p-6">
                             <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-4 flex items-center gap-2">
                                 <Calendar className="w-5 h-5 text-blue-600" />
-                                Informations de l'année académique
+                                {t('parametres.academic_years.info_title')}
                             </h2>
                             <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-4">
                                 <div>
-                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Année</p>
+                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('parametres.academic_years.th_year')}</p>
                                     <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">{academicYear.year}</p>
                                 </div>
                                 <div>
-                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Statut</p>
+                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('parametres.academic_years.field_status')}</p>
                                     <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">
-                                        {academicYear.active ? 'Active' : 'Inactive'}
+                                        {academicYear.active ? t('parametres.academic_years.field_status_active') : t('parametres.academic_years.field_status_inactive')}
                                     </p>
                                 </div>
                                 <div>
-                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Date de début</p>
+                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('parametres.academic_years.th_start')}</p>
                                     <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">
                                         {formatDateShort(academicYear.start_date)}
                                     </p>
                                 </div>
                                 <div>
-                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Date de fin</p>
+                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('parametres.academic_years.th_end')}</p>
                                     <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">
                                         {formatDateShort(academicYear.end_date)}
                                     </p>
@@ -119,19 +122,19 @@ export default function Show({ academicYear }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                         <div className="bg-white rounded-lg border p-6">
                             <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-4 flex items-center gap-2">
                                 <Clock className="w-5 h-5 text-blue-600" />
-                                Période
+                                {t('parametres.academic_years.period_title')}
                             </h2>
                             <div className="bg-blue-50 rounded-lg p-4">
                                 <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
                                     <div>
-                                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Du</p>
+                                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('parametres.academic_years.period_from')}</p>
                                         <p className="text-lg font-bold text-blue-600 mt-1">
                                             {formatDate(academicYear.start_date)}
                                         </p>
                                     </div>
                                     <div className="w-12 h-0.5 bg-blue-300"></div>
                                     <div>
-                                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Au</p>
+                                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('parametres.academic_years.period_to')}</p>
                                         <p className="text-lg font-bold text-blue-600 mt-1">
                                             {formatDate(academicYear.end_date)}
                                         </p>
@@ -144,20 +147,20 @@ export default function Show({ academicYear }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                         <div className="bg-white rounded-lg border p-6">
                             <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-4 flex items-center gap-2">
                                 <FileText className="w-5 h-5 text-blue-600" />
-                                Historique
+                                {t('parametres.academic_years.history_title')}
                             </h2>
                             <div className="space-y-3">
                                 <div className="flex items-start gap-3">
                                     <div className="w-2 h-2 bg-blue-600 rounded-full mt-2"></div>
                                     <div>
-                                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Créée le</p>
+                                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('parametres.common.created_on')}</p>
                                         <p className="font-medium text-gray-900">{formatDate(academicYear.created_at)}</p>
                                     </div>
                                 </div>
                                 <div className="flex items-start gap-3">
                                     <div className="w-2 h-2 bg-gray-400 rounded-full mt-2"></div>
                                     <div>
-                                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Dernière modification</p>
+                                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('parametres.common.updated_on')}</p>
                                         <p className="font-medium text-gray-900">{formatDate(academicYear.updated_at)}</p>
                                     </div>
                                 </div>
@@ -168,18 +171,18 @@ export default function Show({ academicYear }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                     {/* Statistiques */}
                     <div className="lg:col-span-1 space-y-6">
                         <div className="bg-white rounded-lg border p-6">
-                            <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-4">Statistiques</h2>
+                            <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-4">{t('parametres.academic_years.stats_title')}</h2>
                             <div className="space-y-4">
                                 <div className="p-4 bg-blue-50 rounded-lg">
-                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Classes</p>
+                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('parametres.academic_years.stats_classes')}</p>
                                     <p className="text-2xl font-bold text-blue-600 mt-1">0</p>
                                 </div>
                                 <div className="p-4 bg-green-50 rounded-lg">
-                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Étudiants inscrits</p>
+                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('parametres.academic_years.stats_students')}</p>
                                     <p className="text-2xl font-bold text-green-600 mt-1">0</p>
                                 </div>
                                 <div className="p-4 bg-purple-50 rounded-lg">
-                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Enseignants</p>
+                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('parametres.academic_years.stats_teachers')}</p>
                                     <p className="text-2xl font-bold text-purple-600 mt-1">0</p>
                                 </div>
                             </div>
@@ -187,16 +190,16 @@ export default function Show({ academicYear }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
 
                         {/* État */}
                         <div className="bg-white rounded-lg border p-6">
-                            <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-4">État</h2>
+                            <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-4">{t('parametres.academic_years.state_title')}</h2>
                             <div className={`p-4 rounded-lg ${academicYear.active ? 'bg-green-50' : 'bg-gray-50'}`}>
                                 <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
                                     {academicYear.active ? (
                                         <>
                                             <CheckCircle2 className="w-6 h-6 text-green-600" />
                                             <div>
-                                                <p className="font-semibold text-green-900">Année en cours</p>
+                                                <p className="font-semibold text-green-900">{t('parametres.academic_years.state_active_title')}</p>
                                                 <p className="text-sm text-green-700 mt-0.5">
-                                                    Cette année est actuellement active
+                                                    {t('parametres.academic_years.state_active_desc')}
                                                 </p>
                                             </div>
                                         </>
@@ -204,9 +207,9 @@ export default function Show({ academicYear }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                                         <>
                                             <XCircle className="w-6 h-6 text-gray-600" />
                                             <div>
-                                                <p className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Année inactive</p>
+                                                <p className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.academic_years.state_inactive_title')}</p>
                                                 <p className="text-sm text-gray-700 mt-0.5">
-                                                    Cette année n'est pas active
+                                                    {t('parametres.academic_years.state_inactive_desc')}
                                                 </p>
                                             </div>
                                         </>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Backups.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Backups.tsx
index 44e3d8c1..379a4589 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Backups.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Backups.tsx
@@ -14,6 +14,7 @@ import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { Select, SelectContent, SelectItem, SelectTrigger, SelectValue } from '@/components/ui/select';
 import { Table, TableBody, TableCell, TableHead, TableHeader, TableRow } from '@/components/ui/table';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface BackupRow {
@@ -29,14 +30,13 @@ interface Props { backups: BackupRow[]; settings: Settings; storageDriver: strin
 
 const ALL_TABLES = '__all__';
 
-const DAYS = [
-    { v: '1', l: 'Lundi' }, { v: '2', l: 'Mardi' }, { v: '3', l: 'Mercredi' },
-    { v: '4', l: 'Jeudi' }, { v: '5', l: 'Vendredi' }, { v: '6', l: 'Samedi' }, { v: '7', l: 'Dimanche' },
-];
-
-const fmtSize = (b: number) => b > 1048576 ? `${(b / 1048576).toFixed(1)} Mo` : `${Math.max(1, Math.round(b / 1024))} Ko`;
+const DAY_KEYS = ['1', '2', '3', '4', '5', '6', '7'] as const;
 
 export default function Backups({ backups, settings, storageDriver, academicYears, tables }: Readonly<Props>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
+    const fmtSize = (b: number) => b > 1048576
+        ? t('parametres.backups.size_mb', { n: (b / 1048576).toFixed(1) })
+        : t('parametres.backups.size_kb', { n: Math.max(1, Math.round(b / 1024)) });
     const [deleteId, setDeleteId] = useState<string | null>(null);
     const [restoreTable, setRestoreTable] = useState<string>(ALL_TABLES);
     const [runFormats, setRunFormats] = useState<string[]>(['json', 'sql']);
@@ -103,14 +103,14 @@ export default function Backups({ backups, settings, storageDriver, academicYear
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Sauvegardes" />
+            <Head title={t('parametres.backups.head')} />
             <div className="w-full space-y-6">
 
                 <div>
                     <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-2">
-                        <DatabaseBackup className="w-7 h-7 text-blue-600" /> Sauvegardes
+                        <DatabaseBackup className="w-7 h-7 text-blue-600" /> {t('parametres.backups.title')}
                     </h1>
-                    <p className="mt-2 text-gray-500">Sauvegardez la base de données (JSON / SQL) et planifiez des sauvegardes automatiques.</p>
+                    <p className="mt-2 text-gray-500">{t('parametres.backups.subtitle')}</p>
                 </div>
 
                 {/* Destination de stockage */}
@@ -118,12 +118,12 @@ export default function Backups({ backups, settings, storageDriver, academicYear
                     {isRemote ? <Cloud className="w-5 h-5 text-emerald-600" /> : <HardDrive className="w-5 h-5 text-amber-600" />}
                     <div className="text-sm">
                         <p className="font-semibold text-gray-900">
-                            Destination : {isRemote ? 'Dépôt distant (S3 / R2)' : 'Stockage local du serveur'}
+                            {t('parametres.backups.dest_label')} {isRemote ? t('parametres.backups.dest_remote') : t('parametres.backups.dest_local')}
                         </p>
                         <p className="text-gray-500">
                             {isRemote
-                                ? 'Les sauvegardes sont envoyées sur votre stockage cloud configuré.'
-                                : 'Configurez un stockage S3/R2 dans « Fichiers & Stockage » pour externaliser les sauvegardes.'}
+                                ? t('parametres.backups.dest_remote_desc')
+                                : t('parametres.backups.dest_local_desc')}
                         </p>
                     </div>
                 </div>
@@ -131,7 +131,7 @@ export default function Backups({ backups, settings, storageDriver, academicYear
                 {/* Sauvegarde manuelle */}
                 <div className="bg-white rounded-2xl shadow-sm ring-1 ring-gray-100 p-5">
                     <h2 className="font-semibold text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-2 mb-4">
-                        <Play className="w-4 h-4 text-blue-600" /> Sauvegarder maintenant
+                        <Play className="w-4 h-4 text-blue-600" /> {t('parametres.backups.manual_title')}
                     </h2>
                     <div className="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-6">
                         <div className="flex items-center gap-4">
@@ -144,42 +144,41 @@ export default function Backups({ backups, settings, storageDriver, academicYear
                         </div>
                         <label className="flex items-center gap-2 text-sm cursor-pointer">
                             <Checkbox checked={withMedia} onCheckedChange={() => setWithMedia(v => !v)} />
-                            <span className="font-medium text-gray-700">Inclure les médias (documents, photos)</span>
+                            <span className="font-medium text-gray-700">{t('parametres.backups.include_media')}</span>
                         </label>
                         <Button onClick={runNow} disabled={running || runFormats.length === 0} className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700 gap-2">
-                            <Database className="w-4 h-4" /> {running ? 'Sauvegarde…' : 'Lancer la sauvegarde'}
+                            <Database className="w-4 h-4" /> {running ? t('parametres.backups.running') : t('parametres.backups.run_backup')}
                         </Button>
                     </div>
                     <p className="mt-3 text-xs text-gray-400">
-                        Avec les médias, la sauvegarde est produite au format <strong>.zip</strong> (base + fichiers uploadés). Sinon, seule la base est sauvegardée.
+                        {t('parametres.backups.manual_hint_before')} <strong>.zip</strong> {t('parametres.backups.manual_hint_after')}
                     </p>
                 </div>
 
                 {/* Archive d'année scolaire */}
                 <div className="bg-white rounded-2xl shadow-sm ring-1 ring-gray-100 p-5">
                     <h2 className="font-semibold text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-2 mb-1">
-                        <Archive className="w-4 h-4 text-cyan-600" /> Archiver une année scolaire
+                        <Archive className="w-4 h-4 text-cyan-600" /> {t('parametres.backups.archive_title')}
                     </h2>
                     <p className="text-sm text-gray-500 mb-4">
-                        Génère un instantané complet <strong>verrouillé</strong> et conservé à long terme (exclu de la rétention automatique).
-                        L'archive est aussi créée automatiquement à la clôture d'une année.
+                        {t('parametres.backups.archive_desc_before')} <strong>{t('parametres.backups.archive_desc_locked')}</strong> {t('parametres.backups.archive_desc_after')}
                     </p>
                     <div className="flex flex-wrap items-end gap-3">
                         <div className="space-y-1.5 min-w-56">
-                            <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Année scolaire</label>
+                            <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('parametres.backups.academic_year')}</label>
                             <Select value={archiveYear} onValueChange={setArchiveYear}>
-                                <SelectTrigger><SelectValue placeholder="Choisir une année…" /></SelectTrigger>
+                                <SelectTrigger><SelectValue placeholder={t('parametres.backups.choose_year')} /></SelectTrigger>
                                 <SelectContent>
                                     {academicYears.map(y => (
                                         <SelectItem key={y.id} value={y.id} disabled={y.archived}>
-                                            {y.year}{y.archived ? ' — déjà archivée' : ''}
+                                            {y.year}{y.archived ? t('parametres.backups.already_archived') : ''}
                                         </SelectItem>
                                     ))}
                                 </SelectContent>
                             </Select>
                         </div>
                         <Button onClick={runArchive} disabled={archiving || !archiveYear} className="bg-cyan-600 hover:bg-cyan-700 gap-2">
-                            <Archive className="w-4 h-4" /> {archiving ? 'Archivage…' : "Archiver l'année"}
+                            <Archive className="w-4 h-4" /> {archiving ? t('parametres.backups.archiving') : t('parametres.backups.archive_year')}
                         </Button>
                     </div>
                 </div>
@@ -187,42 +186,42 @@ export default function Backups({ backups, settings, storageDriver, academicYear
                 {/* Planification */}
                 <form onSubmit={saveSchedule} className="bg-white rounded-2xl shadow-sm ring-1 ring-gray-100 p-5 space-y-4">
                     <h2 className="font-semibold text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-2">
-                        <Clock className="w-4 h-4 text-indigo-600" /> Planification automatique
+                        <Clock className="w-4 h-4 text-indigo-600" /> {t('parametres.backups.schedule_title')}
                     </h2>
                     <div className="grid sm:grid-cols-2 lg:grid-cols-4 gap-4">
                         <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                            <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Fréquence</label>
+                            <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('parametres.backups.frequency')}</label>
                             <Select value={data.frequency} onValueChange={v => setData('frequency', v)}>
                                 <SelectTrigger><SelectValue /></SelectTrigger>
                                 <SelectContent>
-                                    <SelectItem value="none">Désactivée</SelectItem>
-                                    <SelectItem value="daily">Quotidienne</SelectItem>
-                                    <SelectItem value="weekly">Hebdomadaire</SelectItem>
+                                    <SelectItem value="none">{t('parametres.backups.freq_none')}</SelectItem>
+                                    <SelectItem value="daily">{t('parametres.backups.freq_daily')}</SelectItem>
+                                    <SelectItem value="weekly">{t('parametres.backups.freq_weekly')}</SelectItem>
                                 </SelectContent>
                             </Select>
                         </div>
                         <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                            <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Heure</label>
+                            <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('parametres.backups.time')}</label>
                             <Input type="time" value={data.time} onChange={e => setData('time', e.target.value)} />
                         </div>
                         {data.frequency === 'weekly' && (
                             <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                                <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Jour</label>
+                                <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('parametres.backups.day')}</label>
                                 <Select value={data.day_of_week} onValueChange={v => setData('day_of_week', v)}>
                                     <SelectTrigger><SelectValue /></SelectTrigger>
                                     <SelectContent>
-                                        {DAYS.map(d => <SelectItem key={d.v} value={d.v}>{d.l}</SelectItem>)}
+                                        {DAY_KEYS.map(d => <SelectItem key={d} value={d}>{t(`parametres.backups.day_${d}`)}</SelectItem>)}
                                     </SelectContent>
                                 </Select>
                             </div>
                         )}
                         <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                            <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Rétention (nb conservés)</label>
+                            <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('parametres.backups.retention')}</label>
                             <Input type="number" min={0} max={365} value={data.retention} onChange={e => setData('retention', e.target.value)} />
                         </div>
                     </div>
                     <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                        <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Formats générés</label>
+                        <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('parametres.backups.formats_generated')}</label>
                         <div className="flex items-center gap-4">
                             {['json', 'sql'].map(f => (
                                 <label key={f} className="flex items-center gap-2 text-sm cursor-pointer">
@@ -233,24 +232,23 @@ export default function Backups({ backups, settings, storageDriver, academicYear
                         </div>
                     </div>
                     <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">
-                        La planification nécessite que le planificateur Laravel tourne sur le serveur
-                        (<code>php artisan schedule:run</code> via cron, chaque minute).
+                        {t('parametres.backups.schedule_hint_before')}
+                        (<code>php artisan schedule:run</code> {t('parametres.backups.schedule_hint_after')}
                     </p>
                     <div className="flex justify-end">
-                        <Button type="submit" disabled={processing} className="bg-indigo-600 hover:bg-indigo-700">Enregistrer la planification</Button>
+                        <Button type="submit" disabled={processing} className="bg-indigo-600 hover:bg-indigo-700">{t('parametres.backups.save_schedule')}</Button>
                     </div>
                 </form>
 
                 {/* Restauration */}
                 <div className="bg-white rounded-2xl shadow-sm ring-1 ring-red-100 p-5 space-y-4">
                     <h2 className="font-semibold text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-2">
-                        <Upload className="w-4 h-4 text-red-600" /> Restaurer la base de données
+                        <Upload className="w-4 h-4 text-red-600" /> {t('parametres.backups.restore_title')}
                     </h2>
                     <div className="flex items-start gap-3 rounded-xl bg-red-50 ring-1 ring-red-100 p-3 text-sm">
                         <AlertTriangle className="w-5 h-5 text-red-600 shrink-0 mt-0.5" />
                         <p className="text-red-700">
-                            La restauration <strong>écrase les données actuelles</strong> avec le contenu du fichier.
-                            Une sauvegarde de sécurité (JSON) est créée automatiquement avant l'opération.
+                            {t('parametres.backups.restore_warn_before')} <strong>{t('parametres.backups.restore_warn_bold')}</strong> {t('parametres.backups.restore_warn_after')}
                         </p>
                     </div>
                     <div className="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-3">
@@ -266,66 +264,66 @@ export default function Backups({ backups, settings, storageDriver, academicYear
                             disabled={!restoreFile || restoring}
                             className="bg-red-600 hover:bg-red-700 gap-2"
                         >
-                            <Upload className="w-4 h-4" /> {restoring ? 'Restauration…' : 'Restaurer'}
+                            <Upload className="w-4 h-4" /> {restoring ? t('parametres.backups.restoring') : t('parametres.backups.restore')}
                         </Button>
                     </div>
                     <div className="space-y-1.5 max-w-md">
-                        <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Restaurer une seule table (optionnel)</label>
+                        <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('parametres.backups.restore_one_table')}</label>
                         <Select value={restoreTable} onValueChange={setRestoreTable}>
                             <SelectTrigger><SelectValue /></SelectTrigger>
                             <SelectContent>
-                                <SelectItem value={ALL_TABLES}>Toute la base</SelectItem>
-                                {tables.map(t => <SelectItem key={t} value={t}>{t}</SelectItem>)}
+                                <SelectItem value={ALL_TABLES}>{t('parametres.backups.all_tables')}</SelectItem>
+                                {tables.map(tbl => <SelectItem key={tbl} value={tbl}>{tbl}</SelectItem>)}
                             </SelectContent>
                         </Select>
                         <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">
-                            La restauration ciblée par table n'est disponible qu'avec les fichiers <strong>.json</strong> (ou .json.gz) et n'écrase que la table choisie.
+                            {t('parametres.backups.restore_table_hint_before')} <strong>.json</strong> {t('parametres.backups.restore_table_hint_after')}
                         </p>
                     </div>
-                    <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">Formats acceptés : .json, .sql, .gz (compressé), .dump (PostgreSQL) ou .zip (base + médias) issus de cette application — max 200 Mo.</p>
+                    <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">{t('parametres.backups.accepted_formats')}</p>
                 </div>
 
                 {/* Historique */}
                 <div className="bg-white rounded-2xl shadow-sm ring-1 ring-gray-100 overflow-hidden">
-                    <h2 className="font-semibold text-gray-900 px-5 pt-5 pb-3">Historique des sauvegardes</h2>
+                    <h2 className="font-semibold text-gray-900 px-5 pt-5 pb-3">{t('parametres.backups.history_title')}</h2>
                     <Table>
                         <TableHeader className="bg-gray-50">
                             <TableRow>
-                                <TableHead>Fichier</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead>Format</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead>Taille</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead>Origine</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead>Statut</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead>Date</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="text-center w-28">Actions</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead>{t('parametres.backups.th_file')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead>{t('parametres.backups.th_format')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead>{t('parametres.backups.th_size')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead>{t('parametres.backups.th_origin')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead>{t('parametres.backups.th_status')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead>{t('parametres.backups.th_date')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="text-center w-28">{t('parametres.common.actions')}</TableHead>
                             </TableRow>
                         </TableHeader>
                         <TableBody>
                             {backups.length === 0 ? (
-                                <TableRow><TableCell colSpan={7} className="py-12 text-center text-gray-400">Aucune sauvegarde pour le moment.</TableCell></TableRow>
+                                <TableRow><TableCell colSpan={7} className="py-12 text-center text-gray-400">{t('parametres.backups.empty')}</TableCell></TableRow>
                             ) : backups.map(b => (
                                 <TableRow key={b.id} className="hover:bg-gray-50">
                                     <TableCell className="font-mono text-xs text-gray-700">
                                         {b.filename}
                                         {b.locked && (
                                             <span className="ml-2 inline-flex items-center gap-1 rounded-full bg-cyan-50 px-2 py-0.5 font-sans text-[11px] font-medium text-cyan-700 ring-1 ring-cyan-100">
-                                                <Lock className="w-3 h-3" /> {b.label ?? 'Archive'}
+                                                <Lock className="w-3 h-3" /> {b.label ?? t('parametres.backups.badge_archive')}
                                             </span>
                                         )}
                                         {b.includes_media && (
                                             <span className="ml-2 inline-flex items-center gap-1 rounded-full bg-violet-50 px-2 py-0.5 font-sans text-[11px] font-medium text-violet-700 ring-1 ring-violet-100">
-                                                <Archive className="w-3 h-3" /> + médias
+                                                <Archive className="w-3 h-3" /> {t('parametres.backups.badge_media')}
                                             </span>
                                         )}
                                     </TableCell>
                                     <TableCell><span className="text-xs font-bold uppercase text-blue-600">{b.format}</span></TableCell>
                                     <TableCell className="text-sm text-gray-600">{b.status === 'completed' ? fmtSize(b.size) : '—'}</TableCell>
-                                    <TableCell className="text-xs text-gray-500">{b.scheduled ? 'Planifiée' : (b.created_by ?? 'Manuelle')}</TableCell>
+                                    <TableCell className="text-xs text-gray-500">{b.scheduled ? t('parametres.backups.origin_scheduled') : (b.created_by ?? t('parametres.backups.origin_manual'))}</TableCell>
                                     <TableCell>
                                         {b.status === 'completed' ? (
-                                            <span className="inline-flex items-center gap-1 text-xs text-emerald-600"><CheckCircle2 className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> OK</span>
+                                            <span className="inline-flex items-center gap-1 text-xs text-emerald-600"><CheckCircle2 className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> {t('parametres.backups.status_ok')}</span>
                                         ) : (
-                                            <span className="inline-flex items-center gap-1 text-xs text-red-600" title={b.error ?? ''}><AlertCircle className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> Échec</span>
+                                            <span className="inline-flex items-center gap-1 text-xs text-red-600" title={b.error ?? ''}><AlertCircle className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> {t('parametres.backups.status_fail')}</span>
                                         )}
                                     </TableCell>
                                     <TableCell className="text-sm text-gray-600">{b.created_at}</TableCell>
@@ -338,7 +336,7 @@ export default function Backups({ backups, settings, storageDriver, academicYear
                                             )}
                                             {b.status === 'completed' && b.checksum && (
                                                 <Button variant="outline" size="sm" className="text-xs text-emerald-600 border-emerald-200 hover:bg-emerald-50"
-                                                    title="Vérifier l'intégrité"
+                                                    title={t('parametres.backups.verify_integrity')}
                                                     onClick={() => router.post(route('backups.verify', b.id), {}, { preserveScroll: true })}>
                                                     <ShieldCheck className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />
                                                 </Button>
@@ -358,16 +356,15 @@ export default function Backups({ backups, settings, storageDriver, academicYear
             <AlertDialog open={restoreConfirm} onOpenChange={setRestoreConfirm}>
                 <AlertDialogContent>
                     <AlertDialogHeader>
-                        <AlertDialogTitle>Confirmer la restauration ?</AlertDialogTitle>
+                        <AlertDialogTitle>{t('parametres.backups.restore_confirm_title')}</AlertDialogTitle>
                         <AlertDialogDescription>
-                            Toutes les données actuelles seront remplacées par le contenu de
-                            « {restoreFile?.name} ». Une sauvegarde de sécurité est créée avant. Cette action est irréversible.
+                            {t('parametres.backups.restore_confirm_desc', { name: restoreFile?.name ?? '' })}
                         </AlertDialogDescription>
                     </AlertDialogHeader>
                     <div className="flex justify-end gap-2">
-                        <AlertDialogCancel>Annuler</AlertDialogCancel>
+                        <AlertDialogCancel>{t('parametres.common.cancel')}</AlertDialogCancel>
                         <AlertDialogAction className="bg-red-600 hover:bg-red-700" onClick={runRestore}>
-                            Restaurer maintenant
+                            {t('parametres.backups.restore_now')}
                         </AlertDialogAction>
                     </div>
                 </AlertDialogContent>
@@ -376,13 +373,13 @@ export default function Backups({ backups, settings, storageDriver, academicYear
             <AlertDialog open={!!deleteId} onOpenChange={() => setDeleteId(null)}>
                 <AlertDialogContent>
                     <AlertDialogHeader>
-                        <AlertDialogTitle>Supprimer cette sauvegarde ?</AlertDialogTitle>
-                        <AlertDialogDescription>Le fichier sera définitivement supprimé du stockage.</AlertDialogDescription>
+                        <AlertDialogTitle>{t('parametres.backups.delete_title')}</AlertDialogTitle>
+                        <AlertDialogDescription>{t('parametres.backups.delete_desc')}</AlertDialogDescription>
                     </AlertDialogHeader>
                     <div className="flex justify-end gap-2">
-                        <AlertDialogCancel>Annuler</AlertDialogCancel>
+                        <AlertDialogCancel>{t('parametres.common.cancel')}</AlertDialogCancel>
                         <AlertDialogAction className="bg-red-600 hover:bg-red-700" onClick={() => deleteId && router.delete(route('backups.destroy', deleteId), { preserveScroll: true, onSuccess: () => setDeleteId(null) })}>
-                            Supprimer
+                            {t('parametres.common.delete')}
                         </AlertDialogAction>
                     </div>
                 </AlertDialogContent>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/BulletinTemplates/Edit.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/BulletinTemplates/Edit.tsx
index ae1532f5..1395025e 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/BulletinTemplates/Edit.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/BulletinTemplates/Edit.tsx
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import { Checkbox } from '@/components/ui/checkbox';
 import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { Select, SelectContent, SelectItem, SelectTrigger, SelectValue } from '@/components/ui/select';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 // Alias de type (et non `interface`) : seuls les alias reçoivent une signature
@@ -36,12 +37,13 @@ interface Props {
 const uid = () => `col_${Date.now()}_${Math.floor(Math.random() * 1000)}`;
 
 export default function Edit({ columns: initialColumns, options: initialOptions, columnTypes, noteSources, evaluationTypes, presets, school }: Readonly<Props>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const [columns, setColumns] = useState<Column[]>(initialColumns);
     const [options, setOptions] = useState<Options>(initialOptions);
     const [saving, setSaving] = useState(false);
 
     const patch = (i: number, p: Partial<Column>) => setColumns((c) => c.map((col, j) => (j === i ? { ...col, ...p } : col)));
-    const add = () => setColumns((c) => [...c, { key: uid(), label: 'Colonne', width: 10, type: 'text', source: null }]);
+    const add = () => setColumns((c) => [...c, { key: uid(), label: t('parametres.bulletin_templates.default_column'), width: 10, type: 'text', source: null }]);
     const remove = (i: number) => setColumns((c) => c.filter((_, j) => j !== i));
     const move = (i: number, dir: -1 | 1) => setColumns((c) => {
         const next = [...c];
@@ -68,24 +70,24 @@ export default function Edit({ columns: initialColumns, options: initialOptions,
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Modèle de bulletin" />
+            <Head title={t('parametres.bulletin_templates.head')} />
             <div className="w-full space-y-6">
                 <div className="flex items-start justify-between gap-4 flex-wrap">
                     <div>
                         <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3">
-                            <LayoutGrid className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" /> Modèle de bulletin
+                            <LayoutGrid className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" /> {t('parametres.bulletin_templates.title')}
                         </h1>
-                        <p className="mt-2 text-gray-500">Composez les colonnes du bulletin de {school.name}. Le jeton <code className="font-mono">{'{periode}'}</code> devient « Trim. » ou « Sem. » selon le type de classe.</p>
+                        <p className="mt-2 text-gray-500">{t('parametres.bulletin_templates.subtitle_before', { name: school.name })} <code className="font-mono">{'{periode}'}</code> {t('parametres.bulletin_templates.subtitle_after')}</p>
                     </div>
                     <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
                         <Select onValueChange={loadPreset}>
-                            <SelectTrigger className="w-52"><SelectValue placeholder="Charger un preset…" /></SelectTrigger>
+                            <SelectTrigger className="w-52"><SelectValue placeholder={t('parametres.bulletin_templates.load_preset')} /></SelectTrigger>
                             <SelectContent>
                                 {presets.map((p) => <SelectItem key={p.name} value={p.name}>{p.name}</SelectItem>)}
                             </SelectContent>
                         </Select>
                         <Button onClick={save} disabled={saving} className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700 gap-2">
-                            <Save className="w-4 h-4" /> {saving ? 'Enregistrement…' : 'Enregistrer'}
+                            <Save className="w-4 h-4" /> {saving ? t('parametres.bulletin_templates.saving') : t('parametres.common.save')}
                         </Button>
                     </div>
                 </div>
@@ -93,8 +95,8 @@ export default function Edit({ columns: initialColumns, options: initialOptions,
                 {/* Colonnes */}
                 <div className="rounded-2xl bg-white p-5 shadow-sm ring-1 ring-slate-100 space-y-3">
                     <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
-                        <p className="text-xs font-semibold uppercase tracking-wide text-gray-400">Colonnes ({columns.length})</p>
-                        <span className={`text-xs ${Math.round(totalWidth) === 100 ? 'text-emerald-600' : 'text-amber-600'}`}>Largeur totale : {Math.round(totalWidth)}%</span>
+                        <p className="text-xs font-semibold uppercase tracking-wide text-gray-400">{t('parametres.bulletin_templates.columns', { n: columns.length })}</p>
+                        <span className={`text-xs ${Math.round(totalWidth) === 100 ? 'text-emerald-600' : 'text-amber-600'}`}>{t('parametres.bulletin_templates.total_width', { w: Math.round(totalWidth) })}</span>
                     </div>
 
                     <div className="space-y-2">
@@ -104,7 +106,7 @@ export default function Edit({ columns: initialColumns, options: initialOptions,
                                     <button onClick={() => move(i, -1)} className="text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-700"><ArrowUp className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /></button>
                                     <button onClick={() => move(i, 1)} className="text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-700"><ArrowDown className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /></button>
                                 </div>
-                                <Input value={col.label} onChange={(e) => patch(i, { label: e.target.value })} placeholder="Libellé" className="h-9 flex-1 min-w-40" />
+                                <Input value={col.label} onChange={(e) => patch(i, { label: e.target.value })} placeholder={t('parametres.bulletin_templates.label_ph')} className="h-9 flex-1 min-w-40" />
                                 <Select value={col.type} onValueChange={(v) => patch(i, { type: v, source: v === 'note' ? (col.source ?? 'moyenne') : null })}>
                                     <SelectTrigger className="h-9 w-44"><SelectValue /></SelectTrigger>
                                     <SelectContent>
@@ -116,7 +118,7 @@ export default function Edit({ columns: initialColumns, options: initialOptions,
                                         <SelectTrigger className="h-9 w-48"><SelectValue /></SelectTrigger>
                                         <SelectContent>
                                             {Object.entries(noteSources).map(([v, label]) => <SelectItem key={v} value={v}>{label}</SelectItem>)}
-                                            {evaluationTypes.map((t) => <SelectItem key={t.id} value={`type:${t.id}`}>Type : {t.name}</SelectItem>)}
+                                            {evaluationTypes.map((et) => <SelectItem key={et.id} value={`type:${et.id}`}>{t('parametres.bulletin_templates.type_prefix', { name: et.name })}</SelectItem>)}
                                         </SelectContent>
                                     </Select>
                                 )}
@@ -133,37 +135,37 @@ export default function Edit({ columns: initialColumns, options: initialOptions,
                     </div>
 
                     <Button variant="outline" size="sm" className="gap-1.5" onClick={add}>
-                        <Plus className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> Ajouter une colonne
+                        <Plus className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> {t('parametres.bulletin_templates.add_column')}
                     </Button>
                 </div>
 
                 {/* Options du pied */}
                 <div className="rounded-2xl bg-white p-5 shadow-sm ring-1 ring-slate-100 space-y-4">
-                    <p className="text-xs font-semibold uppercase tracking-wide text-gray-400">Pied de bulletin</p>
+                    <p className="text-xs font-semibold uppercase tracking-wide text-gray-400">{t('parametres.bulletin_templates.footer')}</p>
                     <label className="flex items-center gap-2 text-sm">
                         <Checkbox checked={Boolean(options.show_class_stats)} onCheckedChange={(v) => setOptions({ ...options, show_class_stats: Boolean(v) })} />
-                        Afficher les statistiques de la classe (moyenne la plus forte / faible / générale)
+                        {t('parametres.bulletin_templates.opt_class_stats')}
                     </label>
                     <label className="flex items-center gap-2 text-sm">
                         <Checkbox checked={Boolean(options.show_period_recap)} onCheckedChange={(v) => setOptions({ ...options, show_period_recap: Boolean(v) })} />
-                        Afficher le récapitulatif inter-périodes + moyenne annuelle
+                        {t('parametres.bulletin_templates.opt_period_recap')}
                     </label>
                     <label className="flex items-center gap-2 text-sm">
                         <Checkbox checked={Boolean(options.show_discipline)} onCheckedChange={(v) => setOptions({ ...options, show_discipline: Boolean(v) })} />
-                        Afficher le bloc discipline (retards, absences, décision du conseil)
+                        {t('parametres.bulletin_templates.opt_discipline')}
                     </label>
                     <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-4">
                         <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                            <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Signataire (gauche)</label>
+                            <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('parametres.bulletin_templates.signatory_left')}</label>
                             <Input value={options.signataire_titulaire ?? ''} onChange={(e) => setOptions({ ...options, signataire_titulaire: e.target.value })} />
                         </div>
                         <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                            <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Signataire (droite)</label>
+                            <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('parametres.bulletin_templates.signatory_right')}</label>
                             <Input value={options.signataire_chef ?? ''} onChange={(e) => setOptions({ ...options, signataire_chef: e.target.value })} />
                         </div>
                     </div>
                     <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                        <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Mention légale (N.B.)</label>
+                        <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('parametres.bulletin_templates.legal_note')}</label>
                         <Input value={options.nb_text ?? ''} onChange={(e) => setOptions({ ...options, nb_text: e.target.value })} />
                     </div>
                 </div>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/ClassSubjects/Create.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/ClassSubjects/Create.tsx
index 8e5fb196..653a4b5a 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/ClassSubjects/Create.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/ClassSubjects/Create.tsx
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import {
     SelectValue,
 } from '@/components/ui/select';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Classroom {
@@ -41,6 +42,7 @@ interface CreateProps {
 }
 
 export default function Create({ classrooms, subjects, academicYears }: Readonly<CreateProps>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const [formData, setFormData] = useState({
         class_id: '',
         academic_year_id: '',
@@ -106,21 +108,21 @@ export default function Create({ classrooms, subjects, academicYears }: Readonly
         const newErrors: Record<string, string> = {};
 
         if (!formData.class_id) {
-            newErrors.class_id = 'La classe est requise.';
+            newErrors.class_id = t('parametres.class_subjects.err_class_required');
         }
 
         if (!formData.academic_year_id) {
-            newErrors.academic_year_id = 'L\'année académique est requise.';
+            newErrors.academic_year_id = t('parametres.class_subjects.err_year_required');
         }
 
         if (selectedSubjects.length === 0) {
-            newErrors.subjects = 'Veuillez sélectionner au moins une matière.';
+            newErrors.subjects = t('parametres.class_subjects.err_subjects_required');
         }
 
         selectedSubjects.forEach((subjectId) => {
             const coefficient = normalizeCoefficient(coefficients[subjectId] ?? '');
             if (!Number.isFinite(coefficient) || coefficient <= 0) {
-                newErrors[`coefficient_${subjectId}`] = 'Coefficient invalide (doit être > 0).';
+                newErrors[`coefficient_${subjectId}`] = t('parametres.class_subjects.err_coef_invalid');
             }
         });
 
@@ -153,7 +155,7 @@ export default function Create({ classrooms, subjects, academicYears }: Readonly
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Assigner des matières à une classe" />
+            <Head title={t('parametres.class_subjects.create_head')} />
 
             <div className="space-y-6">
                 {/* Header */}
@@ -166,10 +168,10 @@ export default function Create({ classrooms, subjects, academicYears }: Readonly
                     </button>
                     <div>
                         <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900">
-                            Assigner des matières à une classe
+                            {t('parametres.class_subjects.create_title')}
                         </h1>
                         <p className="text-gray-600 mt-1">
-                            Sélectionnez une classe, une année académique et les matières à enseigner
+                            {t('parametres.class_subjects.create_subtitle')}
                         </p>
                     </div>
                 </div>
@@ -178,13 +180,13 @@ export default function Create({ classrooms, subjects, academicYears }: Readonly
                     {/* Class and Year Selection */}
                     <div className="bg-white rounded-lg p-6">
                         <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-4">
-                            Sélection de base
+                            {t('parametres.class_subjects.section_base')}
                         </h2>
                         <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-4">
                             {/* Classe */}
                             <div>
                                 <label htmlFor="class_id" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
-                                    Classe *
+                                    {t('parametres.class_subjects.label_class')} *
                                 </label>
                                 <Select
                                     value={formData.class_id}
@@ -200,7 +202,7 @@ export default function Create({ classrooms, subjects, academicYears }: Readonly
                                             errors.class_id ? 'border-red-500' : ''
                                         }
                                     >
-                                        <SelectValue placeholder="Sélectionnez une classe" />
+                                        <SelectValue placeholder={t('parametres.class_subjects.class_ph')} />
                                     </SelectTrigger>
                                     <SelectContent>
                                         {classrooms.map((classroom) => (
@@ -223,7 +225,7 @@ export default function Create({ classrooms, subjects, academicYears }: Readonly
                             {/* Année Académique */}
                             <div>
                                 <label htmlFor="academic_year_id" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
-                                    Année académique *
+                                    {t('parametres.class_subjects.label_year')} *
                                 </label>
                                 <Select
                                     value={formData.academic_year_id}
@@ -241,7 +243,7 @@ export default function Create({ classrooms, subjects, academicYears }: Readonly
                                                 : ''
                                         }
                                     >
-                                        <SelectValue placeholder="Sélectionnez une année académique" />
+                                        <SelectValue placeholder={t('parametres.class_subjects.year_ph')} />
                                     </SelectTrigger>
                                     <SelectContent>
                                         {academicYears.map((year) => (
@@ -263,20 +265,20 @@ export default function Create({ classrooms, subjects, academicYears }: Readonly
                     {/* Subject Selection with Search */}
                     <div className="bg-white rounded-lg p-6">
                         <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-4">
-                            Sélection des matières et coefficients
+                            {t('parametres.class_subjects.section_subjects')}
                         </h2>
 
                         {/* Search Box */}
                         <div className="mb-4">
                             <label htmlFor="search" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
-                                Rechercher les matières
+                                {t('parametres.class_subjects.search_subjects')}
                             </label>
                             <div className="relative">
                                 <Search className="absolute left-3 top-1/2 transform -translate-y-1/2 w-4 h-4 text-gray-400" />
                                 <Input
                                     id="search"
                                     type="text"
-                                    placeholder="Rechercher par nom ou code..."
+                                    placeholder={t('parametres.class_subjects.search_subjects_ph')}
                                     value={searchQuery}
                                     onChange={(e) => setSearchQuery(e.target.value)}
                                     className="pl-10"
@@ -294,7 +296,7 @@ export default function Create({ classrooms, subjects, academicYears }: Readonly
                                             key={subjectId}
                                             className="bg-blue-100 text-blue-800 px-3 py-1 rounded-full text-sm font-medium flex items-center gap-2"
                                         >
-                                            {subject?.name} · Coef {coefficients[subjectId] ?? '1'}
+                                            {subject?.name} · {t('parametres.class_subjects.coef')} {coefficients[subjectId] ?? '1'}
                                             <button
                                                 type="button"
                                                 onClick={() =>
@@ -331,7 +333,7 @@ export default function Create({ classrooms, subjects, academicYears }: Readonly
                                                 {subject.name}
                                             </p>
                                             <p className="text-xs text-gray-500">
-                                                Code: {subject.code}
+                                                {t('parametres.class_subjects.code')}: {subject.code}
                                             </p>
                                         </button>
                                         {selectedSubjects.includes(subject.id) && (
@@ -341,14 +343,14 @@ export default function Create({ classrooms, subjects, academicYears }: Readonly
                                                     inputMode="decimal"
                                                     value={coefficients[subject.id] ?? '1'}
                                                     onChange={(e) => updateCoefficient(subject.id, e.target.value)}
-                                                    placeholder="Coef"
+                                                    placeholder={t('parametres.class_subjects.coef_ph')}
                                                     className={`w-20 ${errors[`coefficient_${subject.id}`] ? 'border-red-500' : ''}`}
                                                 />
                                                 <Select value={groups[subject.id] ?? 'obligatoire'} onValueChange={(v) => updateGroup(subject.id, v)}>
                                                     <SelectTrigger className="w-36 h-9"><SelectValue /></SelectTrigger>
                                                     <SelectContent>
-                                                        <SelectItem value="obligatoire">Obligatoire</SelectItem>
-                                                        <SelectItem value="facultatif">Facultatif</SelectItem>
+                                                        <SelectItem value="obligatoire">{t('parametres.class_subjects.group_required')}</SelectItem>
+                                                        <SelectItem value="facultatif">{t('parametres.class_subjects.group_optional')}</SelectItem>
                                                     </SelectContent>
                                                 </Select>
                                             </div>
@@ -357,7 +359,7 @@ export default function Create({ classrooms, subjects, academicYears }: Readonly
                                 ))
                             ) : (
                                 <p className="text-center text-gray-500 py-4">
-                                    Aucune matière trouvée
+                                    {t('parametres.class_subjects.no_subjects')}
                                 </p>
                             )}
                         </div>
@@ -387,7 +389,7 @@ export default function Create({ classrooms, subjects, academicYears }: Readonly
                     {/* Summary */}
                     <div className="bg-blue-50 border border-blue-200 rounded-lg p-4">
                         <p className="text-sm text-blue-900">
-                            <span className="font-semibold">{selectedSubjects.length}</span> matière(s) sélectionnée(s) avec coefficient
+                            {t('parametres.class_subjects.selected_count', { n: selectedSubjects.length })}
                         </p>
                     </div>
 
@@ -398,14 +400,14 @@ export default function Create({ classrooms, subjects, academicYears }: Readonly
                             disabled={isSubmitting}
                             className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700"
                         >
-                            {isSubmitting ? 'Attribution en cours...' : 'Attribuer les matières'}
+                            {isSubmitting ? t('parametres.class_subjects.creating') : t('parametres.class_subjects.submit_create')}
                         </Button>
                         <Button
                             type="button"
                             variant="outline"
                             onClick={() => router.get(route('class-subjects.index'))}
                         >
-                            Annuler
+                            {t('parametres.common.cancel')}
                         </Button>
                     </div>
                 </form>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/ClassSubjects/Edit.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/ClassSubjects/Edit.tsx
index c2f8f198..b331013a 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/ClassSubjects/Edit.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/ClassSubjects/Edit.tsx
@@ -13,6 +13,7 @@ import {
     SelectValue,
 } from '@/components/ui/select';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Classroom {
@@ -61,6 +62,7 @@ export default function Edit({
     academicYears,
     assignedSubjects,
 }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const [formData, setFormData] = useState({
         class_id: classSubject.class_id,
         academic_year_id: classSubject.academic_year_id,
@@ -134,13 +136,13 @@ export default function Edit({
         const newErrors: Record<string, string> = {};
 
         if (selectedSubjects.length === 0) {
-            newErrors.subjects = 'Veuillez sélectionner au moins une matière.';
+            newErrors.subjects = t('parametres.class_subjects.err_subjects_required');
         }
 
         selectedSubjects.forEach((subjectId) => {
             const coefficient = normalizeCoefficient(coefficients[subjectId] ?? '');
             if (!Number.isFinite(coefficient) || coefficient <= 0) {
-                newErrors[`coefficient_${subjectId}`] = 'Coefficient invalide (doit être > 0).';
+                newErrors[`coefficient_${subjectId}`] = t('parametres.class_subjects.err_coef_invalid');
             }
         });
 
@@ -176,7 +178,7 @@ export default function Edit({
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Modifier les matières attribuées" />
+            <Head title={t('parametres.class_subjects.edit_head')} />
 
             <div className="space-y-6">
                 {/* Header */}
@@ -189,10 +191,10 @@ export default function Edit({
                     </button>
                     <div>
                         <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900">
-                            Modifier les matières attribuées
+                            {t('parametres.class_subjects.edit_title')}
                         </h1>
                         <p className="text-gray-600 mt-1">
-                            Mettez à jour les matières assignées à cette classe
+                            {t('parametres.class_subjects.edit_subtitle')}
                         </p>
                     </div>
                 </div>
@@ -201,13 +203,13 @@ export default function Edit({
                     {/* Class and Year Selection */}
                     <div className="bg-white rounded-lg p-6">
                         <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-4">
-                            Sélection de base
+                            {t('parametres.class_subjects.section_base')}
                         </h2>
                         <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-4">
                             {/* Classe */}
                             <div>
                                 <label htmlFor="class_id" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
-                                    Classe *
+                                    {t('parametres.class_subjects.label_class')} *
                                 </label>
                                 <Select
                                     value={formData.class_id}
@@ -223,7 +225,7 @@ export default function Edit({
                                             errors.class_id ? 'border-red-500' : ''
                                         }
                                     >
-                                        <SelectValue placeholder="Sélectionnez une classe" />
+                                        <SelectValue placeholder={t('parametres.class_subjects.class_ph')} />
                                     </SelectTrigger>
                                     <SelectContent>
                                         {classrooms.map((classroom) => (
@@ -246,7 +248,7 @@ export default function Edit({
                             {/* Année Académique */}
                             <div>
                                 <label htmlFor="academic_year_id" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
-                                    Année académique *
+                                    {t('parametres.class_subjects.label_year')} *
                                 </label>
                                 <Select
                                     value={formData.academic_year_id}
@@ -264,7 +266,7 @@ export default function Edit({
                                                 : ''
                                         }
                                     >
-                                        <SelectValue placeholder="Sélectionnez une année académique" />
+                                        <SelectValue placeholder={t('parametres.class_subjects.year_ph')} />
                                     </SelectTrigger>
                                     <SelectContent>
                                         {academicYears.map((year) => (
@@ -286,20 +288,20 @@ export default function Edit({
                     {/* Subject Selection with Search */}
                     <div className="bg-white rounded-lg p-6">
                         <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-4">
-                            Sélection des matières et coefficients
+                            {t('parametres.class_subjects.section_subjects')}
                         </h2>
 
                         {/* Search Box */}
                         <div className="mb-4">
                             <label htmlFor="search" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
-                                Rechercher les matières
+                                {t('parametres.class_subjects.search_subjects')}
                             </label>
                             <div className="relative">
                                 <Search className="absolute left-3 top-1/2 transform -translate-y-1/2 w-4 h-4 text-gray-400" />
                                 <Input
                                     id="search"
                                     type="text"
-                                    placeholder="Rechercher par nom ou code..."
+                                    placeholder={t('parametres.class_subjects.search_subjects_ph')}
                                     value={searchQuery}
                                     onChange={(e) => setSearchQuery(e.target.value)}
                                     className="pl-10"
@@ -317,7 +319,7 @@ export default function Edit({
                                             key={subjectId}
                                             className="bg-blue-100 text-blue-800 px-3 py-1 rounded-full text-sm font-medium flex items-center gap-2"
                                         >
-                                            {subject?.name} · Coef {coefficients[subjectId] ?? '1'}
+                                            {subject?.name} · {t('parametres.class_subjects.coef')} {coefficients[subjectId] ?? '1'}
                                             <button
                                                 type="button"
                                                 onClick={() =>
@@ -354,7 +356,7 @@ export default function Edit({
                                                 {subject.name}
                                             </p>
                                             <p className="text-xs text-gray-500">
-                                                Code: {subject.code}
+                                                {t('parametres.class_subjects.code')}: {subject.code}
                                             </p>
                                         </button>
                                         {selectedSubjects.includes(subject.id) && (
@@ -364,14 +366,14 @@ export default function Edit({
                                                     inputMode="decimal"
                                                     value={coefficients[subject.id] ?? '1'}
                                                     onChange={(e) => updateCoefficient(subject.id, e.target.value)}
-                                                    placeholder="Coef"
+                                                    placeholder={t('parametres.class_subjects.coef_ph')}
                                                     className={`w-20 ${errors[`coefficient_${subject.id}`] ? 'border-red-500' : ''}`}
                                                 />
                                                 <Select value={groups[subject.id] ?? 'obligatoire'} onValueChange={(v) => updateGroup(subject.id, v)}>
                                                     <SelectTrigger className="w-36 h-9"><SelectValue /></SelectTrigger>
                                                     <SelectContent>
-                                                        <SelectItem value="obligatoire">Obligatoire</SelectItem>
-                                                        <SelectItem value="facultatif">Facultatif</SelectItem>
+                                                        <SelectItem value="obligatoire">{t('parametres.class_subjects.group_required')}</SelectItem>
+                                                        <SelectItem value="facultatif">{t('parametres.class_subjects.group_optional')}</SelectItem>
                                                     </SelectContent>
                                                 </Select>
                                             </div>
@@ -380,7 +382,7 @@ export default function Edit({
                                 ))
                             ) : (
                                 <p className="text-center text-gray-500 py-4">
-                                    Aucune matière trouvée
+                                    {t('parametres.class_subjects.no_subjects')}
                                 </p>
                             )}
                         </div>
@@ -410,7 +412,7 @@ export default function Edit({
                     {/* Summary */}
                     <div className="bg-blue-50 border border-blue-200 rounded-lg p-4">
                         <p className="text-sm text-blue-900">
-                            <span className="font-semibold">{selectedSubjects.length}</span> matière(s) sélectionnée(s) avec coefficient
+                            {t('parametres.class_subjects.selected_count', { n: selectedSubjects.length })}
                         </p>
                     </div>
 
@@ -421,14 +423,14 @@ export default function Edit({
                             disabled={isSubmitting}
                             className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700"
                         >
-                            {isSubmitting ? 'Mise à jour en cours...' : 'Mettre à jour'}
+                            {isSubmitting ? t('parametres.class_subjects.updating') : t('parametres.class_subjects.submit_update')}
                         </Button>
                         <Button
                             type="button"
                             variant="outline"
                             onClick={() => router.get(route('class-subjects.index'))}
                         >
-                            Annuler
+                            {t('parametres.common.cancel')}
                         </Button>
                     </div>
                 </form>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/ClassSubjects/Index.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/ClassSubjects/Index.tsx
index a2e0ea07..d417aa8a 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/ClassSubjects/Index.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/ClassSubjects/Index.tsx
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ import {
     TableRow,
 } from '@/components/ui/table';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Classroom {
@@ -73,6 +74,7 @@ interface IndexProps {
 }
 
 export default function Index({ classSubjects, message, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const [deleteConfirm, setDeleteConfirm] = useState<string | null>(null);
     const [isDeleting, setIsDeleting] = useState(false);
     const [searchQuery, setSearchQuery] = useState(filters.search || '');
@@ -131,14 +133,14 @@ export default function Index({ classSubjects, message, filters }: Readonly<Inde
 
     const statsCards = [
         {
-            title: 'Attributions',
+            title: t('parametres.class_subjects.stat_assignments'),
             value: classSubjects.total,
             icon: BookOpen,
             bgColor: 'bg-blue-50',
             textColor: 'text-blue-600',
         },
         {
-            title: 'Classes couvertes',
+            title: t('parametres.class_subjects.stat_classes'),
             value: new Set(classSubjects.data.map(cs => cs.class.id)).size,
             icon: CheckCircle2,
             bgColor: 'bg-green-50',
@@ -162,25 +164,25 @@ export default function Index({ classSubjects, message, filters }: Readonly<Inde
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Attribution des matières aux classes" />
+            <Head title={t('parametres.class_subjects.head')} />
 
             <div className="space-y-6">
                 {/* Header */}
                 <div className="flex items-start justify-between">
                     <div>
                         <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3"><BookOpen className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />
-                            Attribution des matières aux classes
+                            {t('parametres.class_subjects.title')}
                         </h1>
                         <p className="mt-2 text-lg text-gray-600">
-                            Gérez l'attribution des matières à chaque classe
+                            {t('parametres.class_subjects.subtitle')}
                         </p>
                     </div>
-                    <Button 
+                    <Button
                         onClick={() => router.get(route('class-subjects.create'))}
                         className="gap-2 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700"
                     >
                         <Plus className="w-5 h-5" />
-                        Ajouter une attribution
+                        {t('parametres.class_subjects.new')}
                     </Button>
                 </div>
 
@@ -222,7 +224,7 @@ export default function Index({ classSubjects, message, filters }: Readonly<Inde
                                 <Search className="absolute left-3 top-1/2 -translate-y-1/2 w-5 h-5 text-blue-400 group-focus-within:text-blue-600 transition" />
                                 <Input
                                     type="text"
-                                    placeholder="Rechercher une classe ou matière..."
+                                    placeholder={t('parametres.class_subjects.search_ph')}
                                     value={searchQuery}
                                     onChange={(e) => setSearchQuery(e.target.value)}
                                     onKeyDown={(e) => e.key === 'Enter' && handleSearch()}
@@ -242,12 +244,12 @@ export default function Index({ classSubjects, message, filters }: Readonly<Inde
                                 className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700 text-white gap-2 shrink-0 transition"
                             >
                                 <Search className="w-4 h-4" />
-                                Rechercher
+                                {t('parametres.common.search')}
                             </Button>
                         </div>
                         {searchQuery && (
                             <p className="text-sm text-gray-500 mt-3">
-                                Résultats pour : <span className="font-semibold text-gray-700">« {searchQuery} »</span>
+                                {t('parametres.class_subjects.search_results')} <span className="font-semibold text-gray-700">« {searchQuery} »</span>
                             </p>
                         )}
                     </div>
@@ -259,10 +261,10 @@ export default function Index({ classSubjects, message, filters }: Readonly<Inde
                         <Table>
                             <TableHeader className="bg-gray-50">
                                 <TableRow className="border-b border-gray-200">
-                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Classe</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Matières attribuées</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Année académique</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead className="text-center font-semibold text-gray-900 w-24">Actions</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.class_subjects.th_class')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.class_subjects.th_subjects')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.class_subjects.th_year')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="text-center font-semibold text-gray-900 w-24">{t('parametres.common.actions')}</TableHead>
                                 </TableRow>
                             </TableHeader>
                             <TableBody>
@@ -284,7 +286,7 @@ export default function Index({ classSubjects, message, filters }: Readonly<Inde
                                                             key={subject.id}
                                                             className={`inline-flex items-center px-3 py-1 rounded-full text-sm font-medium ${getSubjectBadgeClass(subject.name)}`}
                                                         >
-                                                            {subject.name} · Coef {subject.coefficient}
+                                                            {subject.name} · {t('parametres.class_subjects.coef')} {subject.coefficient}
                                                         </span>
                                                     ))}
                                                 </div>
@@ -295,19 +297,19 @@ export default function Index({ classSubjects, message, filters }: Readonly<Inde
                                             <TableCell className="text-center">
                                                 <div className="flex gap-2 justify-center">
                                                     <IconButton
-                                                        label="Voir"
+                                                        label={t('parametres.common.view')}
                                                         icon={<Eye className="w-4 h-4" />}
                                                         className="border-gray-300 text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-50 hover:text-gray-900"
                                                         onClick={() => router.visit(route('class-subjects.show', group.firstId))}
                                                     />
                                                     <IconButton
-                                                        label="Modifier"
+                                                        label={t('parametres.common.edit')}
                                                         icon={<Pencil className="w-4 h-4" />}
                                                         className="border-gray-300 text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-50 hover:text-gray-900"
                                                         onClick={() => router.get(route('class-subjects.edit', group.firstId))}
                                                     />
                                                     <IconButton
-                                                        label="Supprimer"
+                                                        label={t('parametres.common.delete')}
                                                         icon={<Trash2 className="w-4 h-4" />}
                                                         className="border-red-300 text-red-600 hover:bg-red-50 hover:text-red-700"
                                                         onClick={() => setDeleteConfirm(group.firstId)}
@@ -324,7 +326,7 @@ export default function Index({ classSubjects, message, filters }: Readonly<Inde
                                         >
                                             <div className="flex flex-col items-center gap-2">
                                                 <BookOpen className="w-12 h-12 text-gray-300" />
-                                                <p className="text-lg">Aucune attribution trouvée</p>
+                                                <p className="text-lg">{t('parametres.class_subjects.empty')}</p>
                                             </div>
                                         </TableCell>
                                     </TableRow>
@@ -339,7 +341,7 @@ export default function Index({ classSubjects, message, filters }: Readonly<Inde
                     <div className="bg-white rounded-lg shadow-sm border border-gray-100 p-4">
                         <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
                             <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">
-                                Affichage <span className="font-semibold">{classSubjects.from}</span> à <span className="font-semibold">{classSubjects.to}</span> sur <span className="font-semibold">{classSubjects.total}</span> attributions
+                                {t('parametres.class_subjects.showing', { from: classSubjects.from, to: classSubjects.to, total: classSubjects.total })}
                             </p>
                             <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
                                 <Button
@@ -355,7 +357,7 @@ export default function Index({ classSubjects, message, filters }: Readonly<Inde
                                     className="border-gray-300 text-gray-700 hover:bg-blue-50 hover:text-blue-700 hover:border-blue-300 disabled:opacity-50 disabled:cursor-not-allowed"
                                 >
                                     <ChevronLeft className="w-4 h-4 mr-1" />
-                                    Précédent
+                                    {t('parametres.common.prev')}
                                 </Button>
                                 <div className="flex gap-1">
                                     {Array.from({ length: Math.min(5, classSubjects.last_page) }, (_, i) => {
@@ -397,12 +399,12 @@ export default function Index({ classSubjects, message, filters }: Readonly<Inde
                                     }, { preserveScroll: true })}
                                     className="border-gray-300 text-gray-700 hover:bg-blue-50 hover:text-blue-700 hover:border-blue-300 disabled:opacity-50 disabled:cursor-not-allowed"
                                 >
-                                    Suivant
+                                    {t('parametres.common.next')}
                                     <ChevronRight className="w-4 h-4 ml-1" />
                                 </Button>
                             </div>
                             <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">
-                                Page <span className="font-semibold">{classSubjects.current_page}</span> sur <span className="font-semibold">{classSubjects.last_page}</span>
+                                {t('parametres.class_subjects.page_of', { current: classSubjects.current_page, last: classSubjects.last_page })}
                             </p>
                         </div>
                     </div>
@@ -413,14 +415,13 @@ export default function Index({ classSubjects, message, filters }: Readonly<Inde
             <AlertDialog open={!!deleteConfirm} onOpenChange={() => setDeleteConfirm(null)}>
                 <AlertDialogContent>
                     <AlertDialogHeader>
-                        <AlertDialogTitle>Confirmer la suppression</AlertDialogTitle>
+                        <AlertDialogTitle>{t('parametres.class_subjects.delete_title')}</AlertDialogTitle>
                         <AlertDialogDescription>
-                            Êtes-vous sûr de vouloir supprimer cette attribution ? Cette action
-                            est irréversible.
+                            {t('parametres.class_subjects.delete_desc')}
                         </AlertDialogDescription>
                     </AlertDialogHeader>
                     <div className="flex gap-3 justify-end">
-                        <AlertDialogCancel>Annuler</AlertDialogCancel>
+                        <AlertDialogCancel>{t('parametres.common.cancel')}</AlertDialogCancel>
                         <AlertDialogAction
                             onClick={() => {
                                 if (deleteConfirm) {
@@ -430,7 +431,7 @@ export default function Index({ classSubjects, message, filters }: Readonly<Inde
                             disabled={isDeleting}
                             className="bg-red-600 hover:bg-red-700"
                         >
-                            {isDeleting ? 'Suppression...' : 'Supprimer'}
+                            {isDeleting ? t('parametres.class_subjects.deleting') : t('parametres.common.delete')}
                         </AlertDialogAction>
                     </div>
                 </AlertDialogContent>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/ClassSubjects/Show.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/ClassSubjects/Show.tsx
index 7eb53010..3b39dca9 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/ClassSubjects/Show.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/ClassSubjects/Show.tsx
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import {
 } from '@/components/ui/alert-dialog';
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Classroom {
@@ -48,6 +49,8 @@ interface ShowProps {
 }
 
 export default function Show({ classSubject }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
+    const { t, locale } = useTranslation();
+    const dateLocale = locale === 'en' ? 'en-GB' : 'fr-FR';
     const [deleteConfirm, setDeleteConfirm] = useState(false);
     const [isDeleting, setIsDeleting] = useState(false);
 
@@ -66,7 +69,7 @@ export default function Show({ classSubject }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Détails de l'attribution" />
+            <Head title={t('parametres.class_subjects.show_head')} />
 
             <div className="space-y-6">
                 {/* Header */}
@@ -80,10 +83,10 @@ export default function Show({ classSubject }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                         </button>
                         <div>
                             <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900">
-                                Détails de l'attribution
+                                {t('parametres.class_subjects.show_title')}
                             </h1>
                             <p className="text-gray-600 mt-1">
-                                Informations sur l'attribution de matière à la classe
+                                {t('parametres.class_subjects.show_subtitle')}
                             </p>
                         </div>
                     </div>
@@ -97,7 +100,7 @@ export default function Show({ classSubject }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                             className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700 gap-2"
                         >
                             <Pencil className="w-4 h-4" />
-                            Modifier
+                            {t('parametres.common.edit')}
                         </Button>
                         <Button
                             onClick={() => setDeleteConfirm(true)}
@@ -105,7 +108,7 @@ export default function Show({ classSubject }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                             className="gap-2"
                         >
                             <Trash2 className="w-4 h-4" />
-                            Supprimer
+                            {t('parametres.common.delete')}
                         </Button>
                     </div>
                 </div>
@@ -115,17 +118,17 @@ export default function Show({ classSubject }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                     {/* Classe */}
                     <div className="bg-white rounded-lg p-6">
                         <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-4">
-                            Classe
+                            {t('parametres.class_subjects.show_class')}
                         </h2>
                         <div className="space-y-3">
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Nom</p>
+                                <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('parametres.class_subjects.show_name')}</p>
                                 <p className="text-lg font-medium text-gray-900">
                                     {classSubject.class.name}
                                 </p>
                             </div>
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Code</p>
+                                <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('parametres.class_subjects.code')}</p>
                                 <p className="text-lg font-medium text-gray-900">
                                     {classSubject.class.code}
                                 </p>
@@ -136,23 +139,23 @@ export default function Show({ classSubject }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                     {/* Matière */}
                     <div className="bg-white rounded-lg p-6">
                         <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-4">
-                            Matière
+                            {t('parametres.class_subjects.show_subject')}
                         </h2>
                         <div className="space-y-3">
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Nom</p>
+                                <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('parametres.class_subjects.show_name')}</p>
                                 <p className="text-lg font-medium text-gray-900">
                                     {classSubject.subject.name}
                                 </p>
                             </div>
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Code</p>
+                                <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('parametres.class_subjects.code')}</p>
                                 <p className="text-lg font-medium text-gray-900">
                                     {classSubject.subject.code}
                                 </p>
                             </div>
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Coefficient</p>
+                                <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('parametres.class_subjects.show_coef')}</p>
                                 <p className="text-lg font-medium text-gray-900">
                                     {classSubject.coefficient}
                                 </p>
@@ -163,26 +166,26 @@ export default function Show({ classSubject }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                     {/* Année Académique */}
                     <div className="bg-white rounded-lg p-6 md:col-span-2">
                         <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-4">
-                            Année académique
+                            {t('parametres.class_subjects.show_year')}
                         </h2>
                         <div className="space-y-3">
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Année</p>
+                                <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('parametres.class_subjects.show_year_label')}</p>
                                 <p className="text-lg font-medium text-gray-900">
                                     {classSubject.academicYear.year}
                                 </p>
                             </div>
                             <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-4">
                                 <div>
-                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Date de début</p>
+                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('parametres.class_subjects.show_start')}</p>
                                     <p className="text-lg font-medium text-gray-900">
-                                        {new Date(classSubject.academicYear.start_date).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR')}
+                                        {new Date(classSubject.academicYear.start_date).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale)}
                                     </p>
                                 </div>
                                 <div>
-                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Date de fin</p>
+                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('parametres.class_subjects.show_end')}</p>
                                     <p className="text-lg font-medium text-gray-900">
-                                        {new Date(classSubject.academicYear.end_date).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR')}
+                                        {new Date(classSubject.academicYear.end_date).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale)}
                                     </p>
                                 </div>
                             </div>
@@ -193,14 +196,14 @@ export default function Show({ classSubject }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                 {/* Dates */}
                 <div className="bg-white rounded-lg p-6">
                     <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-4">
-                        Informations de suivi
+                        {t('parametres.class_subjects.show_tracking')}
                     </h2>
                     <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-6">
                         <div>
-                            <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Créé le</p>
+                            <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('parametres.class_subjects.show_created_on')}</p>
                             <p className="text-lg font-medium text-gray-900">
                                 {new Date(classSubject.created_at).toLocaleDateString(
-                                    'fr-FR',
+                                    dateLocale,
                                     {
                                         year: 'numeric',
                                         month: 'long',
@@ -212,10 +215,10 @@ export default function Show({ classSubject }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                             </p>
                         </div>
                         <div>
-                            <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Modifié le</p>
+                            <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('parametres.class_subjects.show_updated_on')}</p>
                             <p className="text-lg font-medium text-gray-900">
                                 {new Date(classSubject.updated_at).toLocaleDateString(
-                                    'fr-FR',
+                                    dateLocale,
                                     {
                                         year: 'numeric',
                                         month: 'long',
@@ -234,20 +237,19 @@ export default function Show({ classSubject }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
             <AlertDialog open={deleteConfirm} onOpenChange={setDeleteConfirm}>
                 <AlertDialogContent>
                     <AlertDialogHeader>
-                        <AlertDialogTitle>Confirmer la suppression</AlertDialogTitle>
+                        <AlertDialogTitle>{t('parametres.class_subjects.delete_title')}</AlertDialogTitle>
                         <AlertDialogDescription>
-                            Êtes-vous sûr de vouloir supprimer cette attribution ?
-                            Cette action est irréversible.
+                            {t('parametres.class_subjects.delete_desc')}
                         </AlertDialogDescription>
                     </AlertDialogHeader>
                     <div className="flex gap-3 justify-end">
-                        <AlertDialogCancel>Annuler</AlertDialogCancel>
+                        <AlertDialogCancel>{t('parametres.common.cancel')}</AlertDialogCancel>
                         <AlertDialogAction
                             onClick={handleDelete}
                             disabled={isDeleting}
                             className="bg-red-600 hover:bg-red-700"
                         >
-                            {isDeleting ? 'Suppression...' : 'Supprimer'}
+                            {isDeleting ? t('parametres.class_subjects.deleting') : t('parametres.common.delete')}
                         </AlertDialogAction>
                     </div>
                 </AlertDialogContent>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/ClassroomTypes/Create.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/ClassroomTypes/Create.tsx
index e84c7e33..cf1a4e5d 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/ClassroomTypes/Create.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/ClassroomTypes/Create.tsx
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import {
     type ClassroomTypeFormData,
 } from '@/components/ClassroomTypes/classroom-type-form';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 const initialValues: ClassroomTypeFormData = {
@@ -15,6 +16,7 @@ const initialValues: ClassroomTypeFormData = {
 };
 
 export default function Create() {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const { data, setData, post, processing, errors } = useForm<ClassroomTypeFormData>(initialValues);
 
     const handleSubmit = (event: React.SubmitEvent<HTMLFormElement>) => {
@@ -24,7 +26,7 @@ export default function Create() {
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Nouveau type de classe" />
+            <Head title={t('parametres.classroom_types.create_head')} />
 
             <div className="w-full space-y-6">
                 <div className="flex items-center gap-4">
@@ -36,8 +38,8 @@ export default function Create() {
                         <ArrowLeft className="w-5 h-5 text-gray-600" />
                     </button>
                     <div>
-                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900">Créer un type de classe</h1>
-                        <p className="mt-2 text-gray-600">Renseignez les informations du type.</p>
+                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900">{t('parametres.classroom_types.create_title')}</h1>
+                        <p className="mt-2 text-gray-600">{t('parametres.classroom_types.create_subtitle')}</p>
                     </div>
                 </div>
 
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/ClassroomTypes/Edit.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/ClassroomTypes/Edit.tsx
index 24562e49..a63afdd5 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/ClassroomTypes/Edit.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/ClassroomTypes/Edit.tsx
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import {
     type ClassroomTypeFormData,
 } from '@/components/ClassroomTypes/classroom-type-form';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface ClassroomType {
@@ -20,6 +21,7 @@ interface EditProps {
 }
 
 export default function Edit({ classroomType }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const { data, setData, put, processing, errors } = useForm<ClassroomTypeFormData>({
         name: classroomType.name,
         description: classroomType.description || '',
@@ -34,7 +36,7 @@ export default function Edit({ classroomType }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title={`Éditer ${classroomType.name}`} />
+            <Head title={t('parametres.classroom_types.edit_head', { name: classroomType.name })} />
 
             <div className="w-full space-y-6">
                 <div className="flex items-center gap-4">
@@ -46,8 +48,8 @@ export default function Edit({ classroomType }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
                         <ArrowLeft className="w-5 h-5 text-gray-600" />
                     </button>
                     <div>
-                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900">Éditer un type de classe</h1>
-                        <p className="mt-2 text-gray-600">Mettez à jour les informations de {classroomType.name}.</p>
+                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900">{t('parametres.classroom_types.edit_title')}</h1>
+                        <p className="mt-2 text-gray-600">{t('parametres.classroom_types.edit_subtitle', { name: classroomType.name })}</p>
                     </div>
                 </div>
 
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/ClassroomTypes/Index.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/ClassroomTypes/Index.tsx
index 644c0960..1af82c31 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/ClassroomTypes/Index.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/ClassroomTypes/Index.tsx
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ import {
     TableRow,
 } from '@/components/ui/table';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface ClassroomType {
@@ -48,6 +49,7 @@ interface IndexProps {
 }
 
 export default function Index({ classroomTypes, activeCount, message }: Readonly<IndexProps>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const [deleteConfirm, setDeleteConfirm] = useState<string | null>(null);
     const [isDeleting, setIsDeleting] = useState(false);
     const [searchQuery, setSearchQuery] = useState('');
@@ -76,7 +78,7 @@ export default function Index({ classroomTypes, activeCount, message }: Readonly
 
     const statsCards = [
         {
-            title: 'Total des types',
+            title: t('parametres.classroom_types.stat_total'),
             value: classroomTypes.total,
             icon: Tag,
             bgColor: 'bg-blue-50',
@@ -84,7 +86,7 @@ export default function Index({ classroomTypes, activeCount, message }: Readonly
             borderColor: 'border-blue-200',
         },
         {
-            title: 'Types actifs',
+            title: t('parametres.classroom_types.stat_active'),
             value: activeCount,
             icon: CheckCircle2,
             bgColor: 'bg-green-50',
@@ -92,7 +94,7 @@ export default function Index({ classroomTypes, activeCount, message }: Readonly
             borderColor: 'border-green-200',
         },
         {
-            title: 'Page',
+            title: t('parametres.classroom_types.stat_page'),
             value: `${classroomTypes.current_page}/${classroomTypes.last_page}`,
             icon: Plus,
             bgColor: 'bg-purple-50',
@@ -103,16 +105,16 @@ export default function Index({ classroomTypes, activeCount, message }: Readonly
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Types de classes" />
+            <Head title={t('parametres.classroom_types.head')} />
 
                     <div className="space-y-6">
                         <div className="flex items-start justify-between">
                             <div>
                                 <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3"><Tag className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />
-                                    Types de classes
+                                    {t('parametres.classroom_types.title')}
                                 </h1>
                                 <p className="mt-2 text-lg text-gray-600">
-                                    Gérez les types de classes disponibles
+                                    {t('parametres.classroom_types.subtitle')}
                                 </p>
                             </div>
                             <Button
@@ -120,7 +122,7 @@ export default function Index({ classroomTypes, activeCount, message }: Readonly
                                 className="gap-2 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700"
                             >
                                 <Plus className="w-5 h-5" />
-                                Nouveau type
+                                {t('parametres.classroom_types.new')}
                             </Button>
                         </div>
 
@@ -161,7 +163,7 @@ export default function Index({ classroomTypes, activeCount, message }: Readonly
                                     <Search className="absolute left-3 top-3 w-5 h-5 text-gray-400" />
                                     <Input
                                         type="text"
-                                        placeholder="Rechercher un type..."
+                                        placeholder={t('parametres.classroom_types.search_ph')}
                                         value={searchQuery}
                                         onChange={(e) => setSearchQuery(e.target.value)}
                                         className="pl-10 bg-gray-50 border-gray-300"
@@ -172,7 +174,7 @@ export default function Index({ classroomTypes, activeCount, message }: Readonly
                                     className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700 text-white gap-2"
                                 >
                                     <Search className="w-4 h-4" />
-                                    Rechercher
+                                    {t('parametres.common.search')}
                                 </Button>
                                 {searchQuery && (
                                     <Button
@@ -180,7 +182,7 @@ export default function Index({ classroomTypes, activeCount, message }: Readonly
                                         onClick={handleClearSearch}
                                         className="border-gray-300 text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-50"
                                     >
-                                        Réinitialiser
+                                        {t('parametres.classroom_types.reset')}
                                     </Button>
                                 )}
                             </div>
@@ -191,10 +193,10 @@ export default function Index({ classroomTypes, activeCount, message }: Readonly
                                 <Table>
                                     <TableHeader className="bg-gray-50">
                                         <TableRow className="border-b border-gray-200">
-                                            <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Nom</TableHead>
-                                            <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Description</TableHead>
-                                            <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">État</TableHead>
-                                            <TableHead className="text-center font-semibold text-gray-900 w-28">Actions</TableHead>
+                                            <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.classroom_types.th_name')}</TableHead>
+                                            <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.classroom_types.th_description')}</TableHead>
+                                            <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.classroom_types.th_status')}</TableHead>
+                                            <TableHead className="text-center font-semibold text-gray-900 w-28">{t('parametres.common.actions')}</TableHead>
                                         </TableRow>
                                     </TableHeader>
                                     <TableBody>
@@ -206,7 +208,7 @@ export default function Index({ classroomTypes, activeCount, message }: Readonly
                                                 >
                                                     <div className="flex flex-col items-center gap-2">
                                                         <Tag className="w-12 h-12 text-gray-300" />
-                                                        <p className="text-lg">Aucun type trouvé</p>
+                                                        <p className="text-lg">{t('parametres.classroom_types.empty')}</p>
                                                     </div>
                                                 </TableCell>
                                             </TableRow>
@@ -236,25 +238,25 @@ export default function Index({ classroomTypes, activeCount, message }: Readonly
                                                                     : 'bg-gray-100 text-gray-800'
                                                             }`}
                                                         >
-                                                            {type.active ? '✓ Actif' : 'Inactif'}
+                                                            {type.active ? t('parametres.classroom_types.active') : t('parametres.classroom_types.inactive')}
                                                         </span>
                                                     </TableCell>
                                                     <TableCell className="text-center">
                                                         <div className="flex gap-2 justify-center">
                                                             <IconButton
-                                                                label="Voir"
+                                                                label={t('parametres.common.view')}
                                                                 icon={<Eye className="w-4 h-4" />}
                                                                 className="border-gray-300 text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-50 hover:text-gray-900"
                                                                 onClick={() => router.visit(route('classroom-types.show', type.id))}
                                                             />
                                                             <IconButton
-                                                                label="Modifier"
+                                                                label={t('parametres.common.edit')}
                                                                 icon={<Pencil className="w-4 h-4" />}
                                                                 className="border-gray-300 text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-50 hover:text-gray-900"
                                                                 onClick={() => router.visit(route('classroom-types.edit', type.id))}
                                                             />
                                                             <IconButton
-                                                                label="Supprimer"
+                                                                label={t('parametres.common.delete')}
                                                                 icon={<Trash2 className="w-4 h-4" />}
                                                                 className="border-red-300 text-red-600 hover:bg-red-50 hover:text-red-700"
                                                                 onClick={() => setDeleteConfirm(type.id)}
@@ -272,9 +274,9 @@ export default function Index({ classroomTypes, activeCount, message }: Readonly
                         {classroomTypes.last_page > 1 && (
                             <div className="flex items-center justify-between bg-white rounded-lg p-4 shadow-sm">
                                 <div className="text-sm text-gray-600">
-                                    Affichage de <span className="font-semibold">{classroomTypes.from}</span> à{' '}
-                                    <span className="font-semibold">{classroomTypes.to}</span> sur{' '}
-                                    <span className="font-semibold">{classroomTypes.total}</span> types
+                                    {t('parametres.classroom_types.page_showing_before')} <span className="font-semibold">{classroomTypes.from}</span> {t('parametres.classroom_types.page_showing_to')}{' '}
+                                    <span className="font-semibold">{classroomTypes.to}</span> {t('parametres.classroom_types.page_showing_on')}{' '}
+                                    <span className="font-semibold">{classroomTypes.total}</span> {t('parametres.classroom_types.page_unit')}
                                 </div>
                                 <div className="flex gap-2">
                                     {classroomTypes.current_page > 1 && (
@@ -288,11 +290,11 @@ export default function Index({ classroomTypes, activeCount, message }: Readonly
                                                 )
                                             }
                                         >
-                                            ← Précédent
+                                            ← {t('parametres.common.prev')}
                                         </Button>
                                     )}
                                     <span className="flex items-center px-4 text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">
-                                        Page {classroomTypes.current_page} sur {classroomTypes.last_page}
+                                        {t('parametres.classroom_types.page_label')} {classroomTypes.current_page} {t('parametres.classroom_types.page_of')} {classroomTypes.last_page}
                                     </span>
                                     {classroomTypes.current_page < classroomTypes.last_page && (
                                         <Button
@@ -305,7 +307,7 @@ export default function Index({ classroomTypes, activeCount, message }: Readonly
                                                 )
                                             }
                                         >
-                                            Suivant →
+                                            {t('parametres.common.next')} →
                                         </Button>
                                     )}
                                 </div>
@@ -321,22 +323,21 @@ export default function Index({ classroomTypes, activeCount, message }: Readonly
             >
                 <AlertDialogContent>
                     <AlertDialogHeader>
-                        <AlertDialogTitle>Supprimer le type</AlertDialogTitle>
+                        <AlertDialogTitle>{t('parametres.classroom_types.delete_title')}</AlertDialogTitle>
                         <AlertDialogDescription>
-                            Êtes-vous sûr de vouloir supprimer ce type de classe ?
-                            Cette action est irréversible.
+                            {t('parametres.classroom_types.delete_desc')}
                         </AlertDialogDescription>
                     </AlertDialogHeader>
                     <div className="flex gap-3 justify-end">
                         <AlertDialogCancel disabled={isDeleting}>
-                            Annuler
+                            {t('parametres.common.cancel')}
                         </AlertDialogCancel>
                         <AlertDialogAction
                             onClick={() => deleteConfirm && handleDelete(deleteConfirm)}
                             disabled={isDeleting}
                             className="bg-red-600 hover:bg-red-700"
                         >
-                            {isDeleting ? 'Suppression...' : 'Supprimer'}
+                            {isDeleting ? t('parametres.classroom_types.deleting') : t('parametres.common.delete')}
                         </AlertDialogAction>
                     </div>
                 </AlertDialogContent>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/ClassroomTypes/Show.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/ClassroomTypes/Show.tsx
index 3fbb8bf9..ade15b25 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/ClassroomTypes/Show.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/ClassroomTypes/Show.tsx
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import {
     TableRow,
 } from '@/components/ui/table';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Classroom {
@@ -35,8 +36,10 @@ interface ShowProps {
 }
 
 export default function Show({ classroomType }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
+    const { t, locale } = useTranslation();
+    const dateLocale = locale === 'en' ? 'en-GB' : 'fr-FR';
     const formatDate = (date: string) => {
-        return new Date(date).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR', {
+        return new Date(date).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale, {
             year: 'numeric',
             month: 'long',
             day: 'numeric',
@@ -81,7 +84,7 @@ export default function Show({ classroomType }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                             router.visit(route('classroom-types.edit', classroomType.id))
                         }
                     >
-                        Modifier
+                        {t('parametres.common.edit')}
                     </Button>
                 </div>
 
@@ -89,9 +92,9 @@ export default function Show({ classroomType }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                     <div className="bg-white rounded-lg p-6 shadow-sm border border-gray-100">
                         <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600">État</p>
+                                <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600">{t('parametres.classroom_types.show_status')}</p>
                                 <p className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900 mt-2">
-                                    {classroomType.active ? '✓ Actif' : 'Inactif'}
+                                    {classroomType.active ? t('parametres.classroom_types.show_active') : t('parametres.classroom_types.show_inactive')}
                                 </p>
                             </div>
                             <CheckCircle2
@@ -103,7 +106,7 @@ export default function Show({ classroomType }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                     <div className="bg-white rounded-lg p-6 shadow-sm border border-gray-100">
                         <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600">Classes associées</p>
+                                <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600">{t('parametres.classroom_types.linked_classrooms')}</p>
                                 <p className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900 mt-2">
                                     {classroomType.classrooms.length}
                                 </p>
@@ -113,11 +116,11 @@ export default function Show({ classroomType }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                     </div>
 
                     <div className="bg-white rounded-lg p-6 shadow-sm border border-gray-100">
-                        <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600 mb-3">Créé le</p>
+                        <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600 mb-3">{t('parametres.classroom_types.created_on')}</p>
                         <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">
                             {formatDate(classroomType.created_at)}
                         </p>
-                        <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600 mt-4 mb-2">Dernière modification</p>
+                        <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600 mt-4 mb-2">{t('parametres.classroom_types.updated_on')}</p>
                         <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">
                             {formatDate(classroomType.updated_at)}
                         </p>
@@ -127,10 +130,10 @@ export default function Show({ classroomType }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                 <div className="bg-white rounded-lg shadow-sm border border-gray-100 overflow-hidden">
                     <div className="p-6 border-b border-gray-100">
                         <h2 className="text-2xl font-bold text-gray-900">
-                            Classes utilisant ce type
+                            {t('parametres.classroom_types.classes_using')}
                         </h2>
                         <p className="text-sm text-gray-600 mt-1">
-                            Affichage de toutes les classes assignées à ce type
+                            {t('parametres.classroom_types.classes_using_sub')}
                         </p>
                     </div>
 
@@ -139,13 +142,13 @@ export default function Show({ classroomType }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                             <div className="text-center">
                                 <AlertCircle className="w-12 h-12 text-gray-300 mx-auto mb-2" />
                                 <p className="text-lg text-gray-500">
-                                    Aucune classe n'utilise ce type pour le moment
+                                    {t('parametres.classroom_types.no_classroom')}
                                 </p>
                                 <Button
                                     className="mt-4 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700"
                                     onClick={() => router.visit(route('classrooms.index'))}
                                 >
-                                    Créer une classe
+                                    {t('parametres.classroom_types.create_classroom')}
                                 </Button>
                             </div>
                         </div>
@@ -155,19 +158,19 @@ export default function Show({ classroomType }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                                 <TableHeader className="bg-gray-50">
                                     <TableRow className="border-b border-gray-200">
                                         <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">
-                                            Nom
+                                            {t('parametres.classroom_types.cr_name')}
                                         </TableHead>
                                         <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">
-                                            Code
+                                            {t('parametres.classroom_types.cr_code')}
                                         </TableHead>
                                         <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">
-                                            Capacité
+                                            {t('parametres.classroom_types.cr_capacity')}
                                         </TableHead>
                                         <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">
-                                            État
+                                            {t('parametres.classroom_types.cr_status')}
                                         </TableHead>
                                         <TableHead className="text-center font-semibold text-gray-900">
-                                            Action
+                                            {t('parametres.classroom_types.cr_action')}
                                         </TableHead>
                                     </TableRow>
                                 </TableHeader>
@@ -186,7 +189,7 @@ export default function Show({ classroomType }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                                                 </code>
                                             </TableCell>
                                             <TableCell className="text-gray-600">
-                                                {classroom.capacity} places
+                                                {t('parametres.classroom_types.cr_places', { n: classroom.capacity })}
                                             </TableCell>
                                             <TableCell className="text-gray-600">
                                                 <span
@@ -196,7 +199,7 @@ export default function Show({ classroomType }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                                                             : 'bg-gray-100 text-gray-800'
                                                     }`}
                                                 >
-                                                    {classroom.active ? '✓ Active' : 'Inactive'}
+                                                    {classroom.active ? t('parametres.classroom_types.cr_active') : t('parametres.classroom_types.cr_inactive')}
                                                 </span>
                                             </TableCell>
                                             <TableCell className="text-center">
@@ -210,7 +213,7 @@ export default function Show({ classroomType }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                                                         )
                                                     }
                                                 >
-                                                    Voir
+                                                    {t('parametres.classroom_types.cr_view')}
                                                 </Button>
                                             </TableCell>
                                         </TableRow>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Classrooms/Create.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Classrooms/Create.tsx
index 2946a9cd..1a17c3f5 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Classrooms/Create.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Classrooms/Create.tsx
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import {
     type ClassroomTypeOption,
 } from '@/components/Classrooms/classroom-form';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface CreateProps {
@@ -21,6 +22,7 @@ const initialValues: ClassroomFormData = {
 };
 
 export default function Create({ classroomTypes }: Readonly<CreateProps>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const { data, setData, post, processing, errors } = useForm<ClassroomFormData>(initialValues);
 
     const handleSubmit = (event: React.SubmitEvent<HTMLFormElement>) => {
@@ -30,7 +32,7 @@ export default function Create({ classroomTypes }: Readonly<CreateProps>) {
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Nouvelle classe" />
+            <Head title={t('parametres.classrooms.create_head')} />
 
             <div className="max-w-4xl space-y-6">
                 <div className="flex items-center gap-4">
@@ -42,8 +44,8 @@ export default function Create({ classroomTypes }: Readonly<CreateProps>) {
                         <ArrowLeft className="w-5 h-5 text-gray-600" />
                     </button>
                     <div>
-                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900">Créer une classe</h1>
-                        <p className="mt-2 text-gray-600">Renseignez les informations de la classe.</p>
+                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900">{t('parametres.classrooms.create_title')}</h1>
+                        <p className="mt-2 text-gray-600">{t('parametres.classrooms.create_subtitle')}</p>
                     </div>
                 </div>
 
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Classrooms/Edit.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Classrooms/Edit.tsx
index d9172b03..00b7983c 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Classrooms/Edit.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Classrooms/Edit.tsx
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import {
     type ClassroomTypeOption,
 } from '@/components/Classrooms/classroom-form';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Classroom {
@@ -24,6 +25,7 @@ interface EditProps {
 }
 
 export default function Edit({ classroom, classroomTypes }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const { data, setData, put, processing, errors } = useForm<ClassroomFormData>({
         name: classroom.name,
         code: classroom.code,
@@ -39,7 +41,7 @@ export default function Edit({ classroom, classroomTypes }: Readonly<EditProps>)
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title={`Éditer ${classroom.name}`} />
+            <Head title={t('parametres.classrooms.edit_head', { name: classroom.name })} />
 
             <div className="max-w-4xl space-y-6">
                 <div className="flex items-center gap-4">
@@ -51,8 +53,8 @@ export default function Edit({ classroom, classroomTypes }: Readonly<EditProps>)
                         <ArrowLeft className="w-5 h-5 text-gray-600" />
                     </button>
                     <div>
-                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900">Éditer une classe</h1>
-                        <p className="mt-2 text-gray-600">Mettez à jour les informations de {classroom.name}.</p>
+                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900">{t('parametres.classrooms.edit_title')}</h1>
+                        <p className="mt-2 text-gray-600">{t('parametres.classrooms.edit_subtitle', { name: classroom.name })}</p>
                     </div>
                 </div>
 
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Classrooms/Index.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Classrooms/Index.tsx
index ab90c938..d4bcd4ff 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Classrooms/Index.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Classrooms/Index.tsx
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ import {
     TableRow,
 } from '@/components/ui/table';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface ClassroomType {
@@ -63,6 +64,7 @@ function getPages(current: number, last: number): (number | '...')[] {
 }
 
 export default function Index({ classrooms, activeCount, filters, message }: Readonly<IndexProps>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const [deleteConfirm, setDeleteConfirm] = useState<string | null>(null);
     const [isDeleting, setIsDeleting] = useState(false);
     const [searchQuery, setSearchQuery] = useState(filters.search ?? '');
@@ -95,7 +97,7 @@ export default function Index({ classrooms, activeCount, filters, message }: Rea
 
     const statsCards = [
         {
-            title: 'Total des classes',
+            title: t('parametres.classrooms.stat_total'),
             value: classrooms.total,
             icon: Layers,
             bgColor: 'bg-blue-50',
@@ -103,7 +105,7 @@ export default function Index({ classrooms, activeCount, filters, message }: Rea
             borderColor: 'border-blue-200',
         },
         {
-            title: 'Classes actives',
+            title: t('parametres.classrooms.stat_active'),
             value: activeCount,
             icon: Users,
             bgColor: 'bg-green-50',
@@ -111,7 +113,7 @@ export default function Index({ classrooms, activeCount, filters, message }: Rea
             borderColor: 'border-green-200',
         },
         {
-            title: 'Page',
+            title: t('parametres.classrooms.stat_page'),
             value: `${classrooms.current_page}/${classrooms.last_page}`,
             icon: Plus,
             bgColor: 'bg-purple-50',
@@ -122,16 +124,16 @@ export default function Index({ classrooms, activeCount, filters, message }: Rea
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Classes" />
+            <Head title={t('parametres.classrooms.head')} />
 
                     <div className="space-y-6">
                         <div className="flex items-start justify-between">
                             <div>
                                 <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3"><Layers className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />
-                                    Classes
+                                    {t('parametres.classrooms.title')}
                                 </h1>
                                 <p className="mt-2 text-lg text-gray-600">
-                                    Gérez les classes de votre établissement
+                                    {t('parametres.classrooms.subtitle')}
                                 </p>
                             </div>
                             <Button
@@ -139,7 +141,7 @@ export default function Index({ classrooms, activeCount, filters, message }: Rea
                                 className="gap-2 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700"
                             >
                                 <Plus className="w-5 h-5" />
-                                Nouvelle classe
+                                {t('parametres.classrooms.new')}
                             </Button>
                         </div>
 
@@ -180,7 +182,7 @@ export default function Index({ classrooms, activeCount, filters, message }: Rea
                                     <Search className="absolute left-3 top-3 w-5 h-5 text-gray-400" />
                                     <Input
                                         type="text"
-                                        placeholder="Rechercher une classe..."
+                                        placeholder={t('parametres.classrooms.search_ph')}
                                         value={searchQuery}
                                         onChange={(e) => setSearchQuery(e.target.value)}
                                         className="pl-10 bg-gray-50 border-gray-300"
@@ -191,7 +193,7 @@ export default function Index({ classrooms, activeCount, filters, message }: Rea
                                     className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700 text-white gap-2"
                                 >
                                     <Search className="w-4 h-4" />
-                                    Rechercher
+                                    {t('parametres.common.search')}
                                 </Button>
                                 {searchQuery && (
                                     <Button
@@ -199,7 +201,7 @@ export default function Index({ classrooms, activeCount, filters, message }: Rea
                                         onClick={handleClearSearch}
                                         className="border-gray-300 text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-50"
                                     >
-                                        Réinitialiser
+                                        {t('parametres.classrooms.reset')}
                                     </Button>
                                 )}
                             </div>
@@ -210,11 +212,11 @@ export default function Index({ classrooms, activeCount, filters, message }: Rea
                                 <Table>
                                     <TableHeader className="bg-gray-50">
                                         <TableRow className="border-b border-gray-200">
-                                            <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Nom</TableHead>
-                                            <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Code</TableHead>
-                                            <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Type</TableHead>
-                                            <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Capacité</TableHead>
-                                            <TableHead className="text-center font-semibold text-gray-900 w-36">Actions</TableHead>
+                                            <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.classrooms.th_name')}</TableHead>
+                                            <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.classrooms.th_code')}</TableHead>
+                                            <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.classrooms.th_type')}</TableHead>
+                                            <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.classrooms.th_capacity')}</TableHead>
+                                            <TableHead className="text-center font-semibold text-gray-900 w-36">{t('parametres.common.actions')}</TableHead>
                                         </TableRow>
                                     </TableHeader>
                                     <TableBody>
@@ -226,7 +228,7 @@ export default function Index({ classrooms, activeCount, filters, message }: Rea
                                                 >
                                                     <div className="flex flex-col items-center gap-2">
                                                         <Layers className="w-12 h-12 text-gray-300" />
-                                                        <p className="text-lg">Aucune classe trouvée</p>
+                                                        <p className="text-lg">{t('parametres.classrooms.empty')}</p>
                                                     </div>
                                                 </TableCell>
                                             </TableRow>
@@ -264,25 +266,25 @@ export default function Index({ classrooms, activeCount, filters, message }: Rea
                                                     <TableCell className="text-center">
                                                         <div className="flex gap-2 justify-center">
                                                             <IconButton
-                                                                label="Attribuer des matières"
+                                                                label={t('parametres.classrooms.assign_subjects')}
                                                                 icon={<BookPlus className="w-4 h-4" />}
                                                                 className="border-blue-300 text-blue-600 transition-colors duration-200 ease-out hover:bg-blue-50 hover:text-blue-700"
                                                                 onClick={() => router.get(route('classrooms.subject-assignments.create', classroom.id))}
                                                             />
                                                             <IconButton
-                                                                label="Voir"
+                                                                label={t('parametres.common.view')}
                                                                 icon={<Eye className="w-4 h-4" />}
                                                                 className="border-gray-300 text-gray-700 transition-colors duration-200 ease-out hover:bg-blue-50/60 hover:text-blue-800"
                                                                 onClick={() => router.visit(route('classrooms.show', classroom.id))}
                                                             />
                                                             <IconButton
-                                                                label="Modifier"
+                                                                label={t('parametres.common.edit')}
                                                                 icon={<Pencil className="w-4 h-4" />}
                                                                 className="border-gray-300 text-gray-700 transition-colors duration-200 ease-out hover:bg-blue-50/60 hover:text-blue-800"
                                                                 onClick={() => router.visit(route('classrooms.edit', classroom.id))}
                                                             />
                                                             <IconButton
-                                                                label="Supprimer"
+                                                                label={t('parametres.common.delete')}
                                                                 icon={<Trash2 className="w-4 h-4" />}
                                                                 className="border-red-300 text-red-600 transition-colors duration-200 ease-out hover:bg-red-50 hover:text-red-700"
                                                                 onClick={() => setDeleteConfirm(classroom.id)}
@@ -300,7 +302,7 @@ export default function Index({ classrooms, activeCount, filters, message }: Rea
                         {classrooms.last_page > 1 && (
                             <div className="flex items-center justify-between bg-white rounded-lg px-4 py-3 shadow-sm">
                                 <p className="text-sm text-gray-500">
-                                    <span className="font-semibold text-gray-700">{classrooms.from}</span>–<span className="font-semibold text-gray-700">{classrooms.to}</span> sur <span className="font-semibold text-gray-700">{classrooms.total}</span> classes
+                                    <span className="font-semibold text-gray-700">{classrooms.from}</span>–<span className="font-semibold text-gray-700">{classrooms.to}</span> {t('parametres.classrooms.showing_sep')} <span className="font-semibold text-gray-700">{classrooms.total}</span> {t('parametres.classrooms.showing_unit')}
                                 </p>
                                 <div className="flex items-center gap-1">
                                     <Button
@@ -346,22 +348,21 @@ export default function Index({ classrooms, activeCount, filters, message }: Rea
             >
                 <AlertDialogContent>
                     <AlertDialogHeader>
-                        <AlertDialogTitle>Supprimer la classe</AlertDialogTitle>
+                        <AlertDialogTitle>{t('parametres.classrooms.delete_title')}</AlertDialogTitle>
                         <AlertDialogDescription>
-                            Êtes-vous sûr de vouloir supprimer cette classe ?
-                            Cette action est irréversible.
+                            {t('parametres.classrooms.delete_desc')}
                         </AlertDialogDescription>
                     </AlertDialogHeader>
                     <div className="flex gap-3 justify-end">
                         <AlertDialogCancel disabled={isDeleting}>
-                            Annuler
+                            {t('parametres.common.cancel')}
                         </AlertDialogCancel>
                         <AlertDialogAction
                             onClick={() => deleteConfirm && handleDelete(deleteConfirm)}
                             disabled={isDeleting}
                             className="bg-red-600 hover:bg-red-700"
                         >
-                            {isDeleting ? 'Suppression...' : 'Supprimer'}
+                            {isDeleting ? t('parametres.classrooms.deleting') : t('parametres.common.delete')}
                         </AlertDialogAction>
                     </div>
                 </AlertDialogContent>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Classrooms/Show.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Classrooms/Show.tsx
index 62829fda..a3576f23 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Classrooms/Show.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Classrooms/Show.tsx
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import { useState } from 'react';
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { Select, SelectContent, SelectItem, SelectTrigger, SelectValue } from '@/components/ui/select';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface ClassroomType {
@@ -47,6 +48,8 @@ interface ShowProps {
 }
 
 export default function Show({ classroom, academicYears, subjectAssignments }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
+    const { t, locale } = useTranslation();
+    const dateLocale = locale === 'en' ? 'en-GB' : 'fr-FR';
     const [selectedYearId, setSelectedYearId] = useState<string>(
         academicYears.find((year) => year.active)?.id || academicYears[0]?.id || ''
     );
@@ -80,7 +83,7 @@ export default function Show({ classroom, academicYears, subjectAssignments }: R
                                         {classroom.name}
                                     </h1>
                                     <p className="text-sm text-gray-600 mt-1">
-                                        Code: <span className="font-semibold">{classroom.code}</span>
+                                        {t('parametres.classrooms.show_code')}: <span className="font-semibold">{classroom.code}</span>
                                     </p>
                                 </div>
                             </div>
@@ -93,14 +96,14 @@ export default function Show({ classroom, academicYears, subjectAssignments }: R
                             onClick={() => router.visit(route('classrooms.subject-assignments.create', classroom.id))}
                         >
                             <BookOpen className="w-4 h-4 mr-2" />
-                            Attribuer des matières
+                            {t('parametres.classrooms.assign_subjects')}
                         </Button>
                         <Button
                             className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700"
                             onClick={() => router.visit(route('classrooms.edit', classroom.id))}
                         >
                             <Edit className="w-4 h-4 mr-2" />
-                            Modifier
+                            {t('parametres.common.edit')}
                         </Button>
                     </div>
                 </div>
@@ -108,24 +111,24 @@ export default function Show({ classroom, academicYears, subjectAssignments }: R
                 {/* Informations cards */}
                 <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-3 gap-4">
                     <div className="bg-white rounded-lg p-6 shadow-sm border border-gray-100">
-                        <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600">Capacité</p>
+                        <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600">{t('parametres.classrooms.show_capacity')}</p>
                         <p className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900 mt-2">
                             {classroom.capacity}
                         </p>
-                        <p className="text-xs text-gray-500 mt-1">places disponibles</p>
+                        <p className="text-xs text-gray-500 mt-1">{t('parametres.classrooms.show_capacity_hint')}</p>
                     </div>
 
                     <div className="bg-white rounded-lg p-6 shadow-sm border border-gray-100">
-                        <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600">Type de classe</p>
+                        <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600">{t('parametres.classrooms.show_type')}</p>
                         <p className="text-2xl font-bold text-gray-900 mt-2">
                             {classroom.type?.name || '—'}
                         </p>
                     </div>
 
                     <div className="bg-white rounded-lg p-6 shadow-sm border border-gray-100">
-                        <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600 mb-3">Créée le</p>
+                        <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600 mb-3">{t('parametres.classrooms.show_created_on')}</p>
                         <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">
-                            {new Date(classroom.created_at).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR', {
+                            {new Date(classroom.created_at).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale, {
                                 year: 'numeric',
                                 month: 'long',
                                 day: 'numeric',
@@ -133,9 +136,9 @@ export default function Show({ classroom, academicYears, subjectAssignments }: R
                                 minute: '2-digit',
                             })}
                         </p>
-                        <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600 mt-4 mb-2">Modifiée le</p>
+                        <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600 mt-4 mb-2">{t('parametres.classrooms.show_updated_on')}</p>
                         <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">
-                            {new Date(classroom.updated_at).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR', {
+                            {new Date(classroom.updated_at).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale, {
                                 year: 'numeric',
                                 month: 'long',
                                 day: 'numeric',
@@ -152,17 +155,17 @@ export default function Show({ classroom, academicYears, subjectAssignments }: R
                         <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
                             <div>
                                 <h2 className="text-2xl font-bold text-gray-900">
-                                    Matières et Coefficients
+                                    {t('parametres.classrooms.subjects_title')}
                                 </h2>
                                 <p className="text-sm text-gray-600 mt-1">
-                                    {currentAssignments.length} matière(s) • Total des coefficients: {totalCoefficients.toFixed(2)}
+                                    {t('parametres.classrooms.subjects_summary', { n: currentAssignments.length, total: totalCoefficients.toFixed(2) })}
                                 </p>
                             </div>
                             {academicYears.length > 0 && (
                                 <div className="w-64">
                                     <Select value={selectedYearId} onValueChange={setSelectedYearId}>
                                         <SelectTrigger className="border-gray-200">
-                                            <SelectValue placeholder="Sélectionner une année" />
+                                            <SelectValue placeholder={t('parametres.classrooms.select_year_ph')} />
                                         </SelectTrigger>
                                         <SelectContent>
                                             {academicYears.map((year) => (
@@ -194,12 +197,12 @@ export default function Show({ classroom, academicYears, subjectAssignments }: R
                                                     {assignment.subject.name}
                                                 </p>
                                                 <p className="text-xs text-gray-500">
-                                                    Code: {assignment.subject.code}
+                                                    {t('parametres.classrooms.show_code')}: {assignment.subject.code}
                                                 </p>
                                             </div>
                                         </div>
                                         <span className="inline-flex items-center px-3 py-1 rounded-full text-sm font-semibold bg-amber-100 text-amber-800">
-                                            Coef. {assignment.coefficient}
+                                            {t('parametres.classrooms.coef')} {assignment.coefficient}
                                         </span>
                                     </div>
                                 ))}
@@ -210,13 +213,13 @@ export default function Show({ classroom, academicYears, subjectAssignments }: R
                             <div className="text-center">
                                 <BookOpen className="mx-auto h-12 w-12 text-gray-300" />
                                 <p className="mt-4 text-lg text-gray-500">
-                                    Aucune matière assignée pour cette année académique
+                                    {t('parametres.classrooms.no_assignments')}
                                 </p>
                                 <Button
                                     className="mt-4 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700"
                                     onClick={() => router.visit(route('classrooms.subject-assignments.create', classroom.id))}
                                 >
-                                    Attribuer des matières
+                                    {t('parametres.classrooms.assign_subjects')}
                                 </Button>
                             </div>
                         </div>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Classrooms/SubjectAssignments.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Classrooms/SubjectAssignments.tsx
index 952c1242..222fb126 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Classrooms/SubjectAssignments.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Classrooms/SubjectAssignments.tsx
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import {
     SelectValue,
 } from '@/components/ui/select';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Classroom {
@@ -51,6 +52,7 @@ export default function SubjectAssignments({
     academicYears,
     existingAssignmentsByYear,
 }: Readonly<SubjectAssignmentsProps>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const [academicYearId, setAcademicYearId] = useState('');
     const [selectedSubjects, setSelectedSubjects] = useState<string[]>([]);
     const [coefficients, setCoefficients] = useState<Record<string, string>>({});
@@ -124,17 +126,17 @@ export default function SubjectAssignments({
         const newErrors: Record<string, string> = {};
 
         if (!academicYearId) {
-            newErrors.academic_year_id = 'L\'année académique est requise.';
+            newErrors.academic_year_id = t('parametres.classrooms.err_year_required');
         }
 
         if (selectedSubjects.length === 0) {
-            newErrors.subjects = 'Veuillez sélectionner au moins une matière.';
+            newErrors.subjects = t('parametres.classrooms.err_subjects_required');
         }
 
         selectedSubjects.forEach((subjectId) => {
             const coefficient = normalizeCoefficient(coefficients[subjectId] ?? '');
             if (!Number.isFinite(coefficient) || coefficient <= 0) {
-                newErrors[`coefficient_${subjectId}`] = 'Coefficient invalide (doit être > 0).';
+                newErrors[`coefficient_${subjectId}`] = t('parametres.classrooms.err_coef_invalid');
             }
         });
 
@@ -166,7 +168,7 @@ export default function SubjectAssignments({
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title={`Attributions - ${classroom.name}`} />
+            <Head title={t('parametres.classrooms.assign_head', { name: classroom.name })} />
 
             <div className="space-y-6">
                 <div className="flex items-center gap-4">
@@ -178,24 +180,24 @@ export default function SubjectAssignments({
                     </button>
                     <div>
                         <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900">
-                            Attribuer des matières
+                            {t('parametres.classrooms.assign_title')}
                         </h1>
                         <p className="text-gray-600 mt-1">
-                            Classe : <span className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{classroom.name} ({classroom.code})</span>
+                            {t('parametres.classrooms.assign_class_before')} <span className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{classroom.name} ({classroom.code})</span>
                         </p>
                     </div>
                 </div>
 
                 <form onSubmit={handleSubmit} className="space-y-6">
                     <div className="bg-white rounded-lg p-6 shadow-sm">
-                        <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-4">Année académique</h2>
+                        <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-4">{t('parametres.classrooms.assign_year_section')}</h2>
                         <div className="max-w-md">
                             <Select
                                 value={academicYearId}
                                 onValueChange={handleAcademicYearChange}
                             >
                                 <SelectTrigger className={errors.academic_year_id ? 'border-red-500' : ''}>
-                                    <SelectValue placeholder="Sélectionnez une année académique" />
+                                    <SelectValue placeholder={t('parametres.classrooms.assign_year_ph')} />
                                 </SelectTrigger>
                                 <SelectContent>
                                     {academicYears.map((year) => (
@@ -212,13 +214,13 @@ export default function SubjectAssignments({
                     </div>
 
                     <div className="bg-white rounded-lg p-6 shadow-sm">
-                        <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-4">Matières et coefficients</h2>
+                        <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-4">{t('parametres.classrooms.assign_subjects_section')}</h2>
 
                         <div className="mb-4 relative max-w-xl">
                             <Search className="absolute left-3 top-1/2 -translate-y-1/2 w-4 h-4 text-gray-400" />
                             <Input
                                 type="text"
-                                placeholder="Rechercher une matière..."
+                                placeholder={t('parametres.classrooms.assign_search_ph')}
                                 value={searchQuery}
                                 onChange={(e) => setSearchQuery(e.target.value)}
                                 className="pl-10 pr-10"
@@ -250,7 +252,7 @@ export default function SubjectAssignments({
                                         className="flex-1 text-left"
                                     >
                                         <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-900">{subject.name}</p>
-                                        <p className="text-xs text-gray-500">Code: {subject.code}</p>
+                                        <p className="text-xs text-gray-500">{t('parametres.classrooms.show_code')}: {subject.code}</p>
                                     </button>
                                     {selectedSubjects.includes(subject.id) && (
                                         <div className="w-32">
@@ -259,7 +261,7 @@ export default function SubjectAssignments({
                                                 inputMode="decimal"
                                                 value={coefficients[subject.id] ?? '1'}
                                                 onChange={(e) => updateCoefficient(subject.id, e.target.value)}
-                                                placeholder="Coef"
+                                                placeholder={t('parametres.classrooms.assign_coef_ph')}
                                                 className={errors[`coefficient_${subject.id}`] ? 'border-red-500' : ''}
                                             />
                                         </div>
@@ -274,7 +276,7 @@ export default function SubjectAssignments({
 
                     <div className="bg-blue-50 border border-blue-200 rounded-lg p-4">
                         <p className="text-sm text-blue-900">
-                            <span className="font-semibold">{selectedSubjects.length}</span> matière(s) sélectionnée(s)
+                            {t('parametres.classrooms.assign_selected_count', { n: selectedSubjects.length })}
                         </p>
                     </div>
 
@@ -284,14 +286,14 @@ export default function SubjectAssignments({
                             disabled={isSubmitting}
                             className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700"
                         >
-                            {isSubmitting ? 'Enregistrement...' : 'Enregistrer les attributions'}
+                            {isSubmitting ? t('parametres.classrooms.assign_saving') : t('parametres.classrooms.assign_submit')}
                         </Button>
                         <Button
                             type="button"
                             variant="outline"
                             onClick={() => router.get(route('classrooms.index'))}
                         >
-                            Annuler
+                            {t('parametres.common.cancel')}
                         </Button>
                     </div>
                 </form>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Countries/Create.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Countries/Create.tsx
index 09e8d684..42ae8d2d 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Countries/Create.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Countries/Create.tsx
@@ -2,9 +2,11 @@ import { Head, router, useForm } from '@inertiajs/react';
 import { ArrowLeft } from 'lucide-react';
 import { CountryForm, type CountryFormData } from '@/components/Countries/country-form';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 export default function Create() {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const { data, setData, post, processing, errors } = useForm<CountryFormData>({ name: '', code: '' });
 
     const handleSubmit = (event: React.SubmitEvent<HTMLFormElement>) => {
@@ -14,7 +16,7 @@ export default function Create() {
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Créer un pays" />
+            <Head title={t('parametres.countries.create_head')} />
 
             <div className="w-full space-y-6">
                 <div className="flex items-center gap-4">
@@ -22,8 +24,8 @@ export default function Create() {
                         <ArrowLeft className="w-5 h-5 text-gray-600" />
                     </button>
                     <div>
-                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900">Créer un pays</h1>
-                        <p className="mt-2 text-gray-600">Renseignez le nom et le code du pays.</p>
+                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900">{t('parametres.countries.create_title')}</h1>
+                        <p className="mt-2 text-gray-600">{t('parametres.countries.create_subtitle')}</p>
                     </div>
                 </div>
 
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Countries/Edit.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Countries/Edit.tsx
index c0f56225..a13992de 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Countries/Edit.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Countries/Edit.tsx
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { Head, router, useForm } from '@inertiajs/react';
 import { ArrowLeft } from 'lucide-react';
 import { CountryForm, type CountryFormData } from '@/components/Countries/country-form';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Country {
@@ -11,6 +12,7 @@ interface Country {
 }
 
 export default function Edit({ country }: Readonly<{ country: Country }>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const { data, setData, put, processing, errors } = useForm<CountryFormData>({
         name: country.name,
         code: country.code,
@@ -23,7 +25,7 @@ export default function Edit({ country }: Readonly<{ country: Country }>) {
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title={`Éditer ${country.name}`} />
+            <Head title={t('parametres.countries.edit_head', { name: country.name })} />
 
             <div className="w-full space-y-6">
                 <div className="flex items-center gap-4">
@@ -31,8 +33,8 @@ export default function Edit({ country }: Readonly<{ country: Country }>) {
                         <ArrowLeft className="w-5 h-5 text-gray-600" />
                     </button>
                     <div>
-                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900">Éditer un pays</h1>
-                        <p className="mt-2 text-gray-600">Mettez à jour les informations de {country.name}.</p>
+                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900">{t('parametres.countries.edit_title')}</h1>
+                        <p className="mt-2 text-gray-600">{t('parametres.countries.edit_subtitle', { name: country.name })}</p>
                     </div>
                 </div>
 
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Countries/Index.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Countries/Index.tsx
index 549dd616..8c70c03e 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Countries/Index.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Countries/Index.tsx
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import { IconButton } from '@/components/icon-button';
 import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { Table, TableBody, TableCell, TableHead, TableHeader, TableRow } from '@/components/ui/table';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Country {
@@ -35,6 +36,8 @@ interface IndexProps {
 }
 
 export default function Index({ countries, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>) {
+    const { t, locale } = useTranslation();
+    const dateLocale = locale === 'en' ? 'en-GB' : 'fr-FR';
     const [search, setSearch] = useState(filters.search || '');
     const [deleteId, setDeleteId] = useState<string | null>(null);
 
@@ -61,18 +64,18 @@ export default function Index({ countries, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>) {
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Pays" />
+            <Head title={t('parametres.countries.head')} />
 
             <div className="w-full space-y-6">
                 <div className="flex items-start justify-between">
                     <div>
                         <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3">
-                            <Globe className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" /> Pays
+                            <Globe className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" /> {t('parametres.countries.title')}
                         </h1>
-                        <p className="mt-2 text-lg text-gray-600">Gérez la liste des pays (nationalités, origines).</p>
+                        <p className="mt-2 text-lg text-gray-600">{t('parametres.countries.subtitle')}</p>
                     </div>
                     <Button onClick={() => router.get(route('countries.create'))} className="gap-2 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700">
-                        <Plus className="w-5 h-5" /> Nouveau pays
+                        <Plus className="w-5 h-5" /> {t('parametres.countries.new')}
                     </Button>
                 </div>
 
@@ -84,16 +87,16 @@ export default function Index({ countries, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>) {
                                 value={search}
                                 onChange={(e) => setSearch(e.target.value)}
                                 onKeyDown={(e) => e.key === 'Enter' && doSearch()}
-                                placeholder="Rechercher un pays (nom, code)…"
+                                placeholder={t('parametres.countries.search_ph')}
                                 className="pl-10 pr-10"
                             />
                             {search && (
-                                <button onClick={clearSearch} aria-label="Effacer" className="absolute right-3 top-1/2 -translate-y-1/2 text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600">
+                                <button onClick={clearSearch} aria-label={t('parametres.common.clear')} className="absolute right-3 top-1/2 -translate-y-1/2 text-gray-400 hover:text-gray-600">
                                     <X className="w-5 h-5" />
                                 </button>
                             )}
                         </div>
-                        <Button onClick={doSearch} className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700">Rechercher</Button>
+                        <Button onClick={doSearch} className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700">{t('parametres.common.search')}</Button>
                     </div>
                 </div>
 
@@ -101,10 +104,10 @@ export default function Index({ countries, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>) {
                     <Table>
                         <TableHeader className="bg-gray-50 border-b border-slate-200">
                             <TableRow>
-                                <TableHead className="text-gray-700 font-semibold">Nom</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="text-gray-700 font-semibold">Code</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="text-gray-700 font-semibold">Date de création</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="text-gray-700 font-semibold text-right">Actions</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="text-gray-700 font-semibold">{t('parametres.countries.th_name')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="text-gray-700 font-semibold">{t('parametres.countries.th_code')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="text-gray-700 font-semibold">{t('parametres.common.created_at')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="text-gray-700 font-semibold text-right">{t('parametres.common.actions')}</TableHead>
                             </TableRow>
                         </TableHeader>
                         <TableBody>
@@ -115,12 +118,12 @@ export default function Index({ countries, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>) {
                                         <TableCell className="text-gray-600">
                                             <span className="inline-flex items-center px-2 py-0.5 rounded text-xs font-medium bg-gray-100 text-gray-700">{country.code}</span>
                                         </TableCell>
-                                        <TableCell className="text-gray-600">{new Date(country.created_at).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR')}</TableCell>
+                                        <TableCell className="text-gray-600">{new Date(country.created_at).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale)}</TableCell>
                                         <TableCell className="text-right">
                                             <div className="flex justify-end gap-2">
-                                                <IconButton label="Voir" icon={<Eye className="w-4 h-4" />} className="border-slate-200 text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-100" onClick={() => router.get(route('countries.show', country.id))} />
-                                                <IconButton label="Modifier" icon={<Pencil className="w-4 h-4" />} className="border-slate-200 text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-100" onClick={() => router.get(route('countries.edit', country.id))} />
-                                                <IconButton label="Supprimer" icon={<Trash2 className="w-4 h-4" />} className="border-slate-200 text-gray-700 hover:bg-red-50 hover:text-red-600" onClick={() => setDeleteId(country.id)} />
+                                                <IconButton label={t('parametres.common.view')} icon={<Eye className="w-4 h-4" />} className="border-slate-200 text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-100" onClick={() => router.get(route('countries.show', country.id))} />
+                                                <IconButton label={t('parametres.common.edit')} icon={<Pencil className="w-4 h-4" />} className="border-slate-200 text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-100" onClick={() => router.get(route('countries.edit', country.id))} />
+                                                <IconButton label={t('parametres.common.delete')} icon={<Trash2 className="w-4 h-4" />} className="border-slate-200 text-gray-700 hover:bg-red-50 hover:text-red-600" onClick={() => setDeleteId(country.id)} />
                                             </div>
                                         </TableCell>
                                     </TableRow>
@@ -128,7 +131,7 @@ export default function Index({ countries, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>) {
                             ) : (
                                 <TableRow>
                                     <TableCell colSpan={4} className="text-center py-8">
-                                        <p className="text-gray-600 font-medium">Aucun pays trouvé</p>
+                                        <p className="text-gray-600 font-medium">{t('parametres.countries.empty')}</p>
                                     </TableCell>
                                 </TableRow>
                             )}
@@ -138,10 +141,10 @@ export default function Index({ countries, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>) {
 
                 {countries.last_page > 1 && (
                     <div className="flex items-center justify-between flex-wrap gap-3">
-                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Affichage {countries.from} à {countries.to} sur {countries.total}</p>
+                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('parametres.common.showing', { from: countries.from, to: countries.to, total: countries.total })}</p>
                         <div className="flex items-center gap-1">
                             <Button variant="outline" size="sm" className="border-slate-200 gap-1" disabled={countries.current_page === 1} onClick={() => goToPage(countries.current_page - 1)}>
-                                <ChevronLeft className="w-4 h-4" /> Précédent
+                                <ChevronLeft className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('parametres.common.prev')}
                             </Button>
 
                             {pageNumbers.map((p, i) =>
@@ -161,7 +164,7 @@ export default function Index({ countries, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>) {
                             )}
 
                             <Button variant="outline" size="sm" className="border-slate-200 gap-1" disabled={countries.current_page === countries.last_page} onClick={() => goToPage(countries.current_page + 1)}>
-                                Suivant <ChevronRight className="w-4 h-4" />
+                                {t('parametres.common.next')} <ChevronRight className="w-4 h-4" />
                             </Button>
                         </div>
                     </div>
@@ -171,13 +174,13 @@ export default function Index({ countries, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>) {
             <AlertDialog open={!!deleteId} onOpenChange={() => setDeleteId(null)}>
                 <AlertDialogContent>
                     <AlertDialogHeader>
-                        <AlertDialogTitle>Supprimer ce pays ?</AlertDialogTitle>
-                        <AlertDialogDescription>Cette action est irréversible.</AlertDialogDescription>
+                        <AlertDialogTitle>{t('parametres.countries.delete_q')}</AlertDialogTitle>
+                        <AlertDialogDescription>{t('parametres.common.irreversible')}</AlertDialogDescription>
                     </AlertDialogHeader>
                     <div className="flex justify-end gap-2">
-                        <AlertDialogCancel>Annuler</AlertDialogCancel>
+                        <AlertDialogCancel>{t('parametres.common.cancel')}</AlertDialogCancel>
                         <AlertDialogAction className="bg-red-600 hover:bg-red-700" onClick={() => deleteId && router.delete(route('countries.destroy', deleteId), { preserveScroll: true, onSuccess: () => setDeleteId(null) })}>
-                            Supprimer
+                            {t('parametres.common.delete')}
                         </AlertDialogAction>
                     </div>
                 </AlertDialogContent>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Countries/Show.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Countries/Show.tsx
index f7200670..5795248b 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Countries/Show.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Countries/Show.tsx
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { Head, router } from '@inertiajs/react';
 import { ArrowLeft, Globe, Pencil } from 'lucide-react';
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Country {
@@ -13,8 +14,10 @@ interface Country {
 }
 
 export default function Show({ country }: Readonly<{ country: Country }>) {
+    const { t, locale } = useTranslation();
+    const dateLocale = locale === 'en' ? 'en-GB' : 'fr-FR';
     const formatDate = (date: string) =>
-        new Date(date).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR', { year: 'numeric', month: 'long', day: 'numeric', hour: '2-digit', minute: '2-digit' });
+        new Date(date).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale, { year: 'numeric', month: 'long', day: 'numeric', hour: '2-digit', minute: '2-digit' });
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
@@ -37,26 +40,26 @@ export default function Show({ country }: Readonly<{ country: Country }>) {
                         </div>
                     </div>
                     <Button onClick={() => router.get(route('countries.edit', country.id))} className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700 gap-2">
-                        <Pencil className="w-4 h-4" /> Modifier
+                        <Pencil className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('parametres.common.edit')}
                     </Button>
                 </div>
 
                 <div className="rounded-2xl p-5 bg-linear-to-br from-blue-50/60 to-white ring-1 ring-blue-100 shadow-sm space-y-4">
                     <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-4">
                         <div className="rounded-xl bg-white/80 ring-1 ring-blue-100 px-4 py-3">
-                            <p className="text-xs uppercase tracking-wide text-gray-500">Nom</p>
+                            <p className="text-xs uppercase tracking-wide text-gray-500">{t('parametres.countries.name')}</p>
                             <p className="font-semibold text-gray-900 mt-1">{country.name}</p>
                         </div>
                         <div className="rounded-xl bg-white/80 ring-1 ring-blue-100 px-4 py-3">
-                            <p className="text-xs uppercase tracking-wide text-gray-500">Code</p>
+                            <p className="text-xs uppercase tracking-wide text-gray-500">{t('parametres.countries.code')}</p>
                             <p className="font-semibold text-gray-900 mt-1">{country.code}</p>
                         </div>
                         <div className="rounded-xl bg-white/80 ring-1 ring-blue-100 px-4 py-3">
-                            <p className="text-xs uppercase tracking-wide text-gray-500">Créé le</p>
+                            <p className="text-xs uppercase tracking-wide text-gray-500">{t('parametres.common.created_on')}</p>
                             <p className="font-semibold text-gray-900 mt-1">{formatDate(country.created_at)}</p>
                         </div>
                         <div className="rounded-xl bg-white/80 ring-1 ring-blue-100 px-4 py-3">
-                            <p className="text-xs uppercase tracking-wide text-gray-500">Dernière modification</p>
+                            <p className="text-xs uppercase tracking-wide text-gray-500">{t('parametres.common.updated_on')}</p>
                             <p className="font-semibold text-gray-900 mt-1">{formatDate(country.updated_at)}</p>
                         </div>
                     </div>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Documents/Edit.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Documents/Edit.tsx
index d371f1aa..7685fd45 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Documents/Edit.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Documents/Edit.tsx
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { Select, SelectContent, SelectItem, SelectTrigger, SelectValue } from '@/components/ui/select';
 import { useToast } from '@/components/ui/toast';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Template {
@@ -42,6 +43,7 @@ interface Props {
 }
 
 export default function Edit({ template, categories, types, sources, layouts, variables }: Readonly<Props>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const isEdit = !!template;
     const { toast } = useToast();
     const editorRef = useRef<Editor | null>(null);
@@ -74,8 +76,8 @@ export default function Edit({ template, categories, types, sources, layouts, va
     const submit = (e: React.FormEvent) => {
         e.preventDefault();
         const opts = {
-            onSuccess: () => toast({ title: 'Enregistré', description: 'Modèle sauvegardé.', variant: 'success' as const }),
-            onError:   () => toast({ title: 'Erreur', description: 'Vérifiez les champs.', variant: 'error' as const }),
+            onSuccess: () => toast({ title: t('parametres.documents.toast_saved_title'), description: t('parametres.documents.toast_saved_desc'), variant: 'success' as const }),
+            onError:   () => toast({ title: t('parametres.documents.toast_error_title'), description: t('parametres.documents.toast_error_desc'), variant: 'error' as const }),
         };
         if (isEdit) put(route('document-templates.update', template!.id), opts);
         else post(route('document-templates.store'), opts);
@@ -95,7 +97,7 @@ export default function Edit({ template, categories, types, sources, layouts, va
             }, { headers: { 'X-CSRF-TOKEN': csrf, 'X-Requested-With': 'XMLHttpRequest' } });
             setPreviewHtml(res.data.html);
         } catch {
-            toast({ title: 'Erreur', description: 'Prévisualisation impossible.', variant: 'error' });
+            toast({ title: t('parametres.documents.toast_error_title'), description: t('parametres.documents.toast_preview_error'), variant: 'error' });
         } finally {
             setPreviewing(false);
         }
@@ -105,7 +107,7 @@ export default function Edit({ template, categories, types, sources, layouts, va
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title={isEdit ? 'Modifier le modèle' : 'Nouveau modèle'} />
+            <Head title={isEdit ? t('parametres.documents.edit_head') : t('parametres.documents.create_head')} />
             <div className="w-full space-y-6">
 
                 <div className="flex items-center gap-4">
@@ -113,8 +115,8 @@ export default function Edit({ template, categories, types, sources, layouts, va
                         <ArrowLeft className="w-5 h-5 text-gray-600" />
                     </button>
                     <div>
-                        <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900">{isEdit ? 'Modifier le modèle' : 'Nouveau modèle de document'}</h1>
-                        <p className="text-gray-500 mt-1">Configurez le document et son contenu avec variables dynamiques.</p>
+                        <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900">{isEdit ? t('parametres.documents.edit_title') : t('parametres.documents.create_title')}</h1>
+                        <p className="text-gray-500 mt-1">{t('parametres.documents.edit_subtitle')}</p>
                     </div>
                 </div>
 
@@ -125,7 +127,7 @@ export default function Edit({ template, categories, types, sources, layouts, va
                         <div className="bg-white rounded-2xl ring-1 ring-gray-100 shadow-sm p-6 space-y-4">
                             <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-4">
                                 <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                                    <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Catégorie *</label>
+                                    <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('parametres.documents.label_category')} *</label>
                                     <Select value={data.category} onValueChange={v => { setData('category', v); setData('type', ''); }}>
                                         <SelectTrigger><SelectValue /></SelectTrigger>
                                         <SelectContent>
@@ -134,9 +136,9 @@ export default function Edit({ template, categories, types, sources, layouts, va
                                     </Select>
                                 </div>
                                 <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                                    <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Type *</label>
+                                    <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('parametres.documents.label_type')} *</label>
                                     <Select value={data.type} onValueChange={v => setData('type', v)}>
-                                        <SelectTrigger className={errors.type ? 'border-red-400' : ''}><SelectValue placeholder="Choisir un type" /></SelectTrigger>
+                                        <SelectTrigger className={errors.type ? 'border-red-400' : ''}><SelectValue placeholder={t('parametres.documents.type_ph')} /></SelectTrigger>
                                         <SelectContent>
                                             {Object.entries(typeOptions).map(([k, label]) => <SelectItem key={k} value={k}>{label}</SelectItem>)}
                                         </SelectContent>
@@ -147,13 +149,13 @@ export default function Edit({ template, categories, types, sources, layouts, va
 
                             <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-4">
                                 <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                                    <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Nom du modèle *</label>
-                                    <Input value={data.name} onChange={e => setData('name', e.target.value)} placeholder="Ex: Certificat de scolarité standard" className={errors.name ? 'border-red-400' : ''} />
+                                    <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('parametres.documents.label_name')} *</label>
+                                    <Input value={data.name} onChange={e => setData('name', e.target.value)} placeholder={t('parametres.documents.name_ph')} className={errors.name ? 'border-red-400' : ''} />
                                     {errors.name && <p className="text-xs text-red-500">{errors.name}</p>}
                                 </div>
                                 <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                                    <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Description</label>
-                                    <Input value={data.description} onChange={e => setData('description', e.target.value)} placeholder="Usage du modèle (optionnel)" />
+                                    <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('parametres.documents.label_description')}</label>
+                                    <Input value={data.description} onChange={e => setData('description', e.target.value)} placeholder={t('parametres.documents.description_ph')} />
                                 </div>
                             </div>
                         </div>
@@ -161,7 +163,7 @@ export default function Edit({ template, categories, types, sources, layouts, va
                         {/* Source du corps : mise en page prédéfinie (Blade) ou éditeur libre */}
                         <div className="bg-white rounded-2xl ring-1 ring-gray-100 shadow-sm p-6 space-y-4">
                             <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                                <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Source du corps *</label>
+                                <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('parametres.documents.label_source')} *</label>
                                 <Select value={data.source} onValueChange={v => setData('source', v as 'wysiwyg' | 'blade')}>
                                     <SelectTrigger><SelectValue /></SelectTrigger>
                                     <SelectContent>
@@ -172,21 +174,21 @@ export default function Edit({ template, categories, types, sources, layouts, va
 
                             {data.source === 'blade' ? (
                                 <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                                    <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Mise en page prédéfinie *</label>
+                                    <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('parametres.documents.label_layout')} *</label>
                                     <Select value={data.layout} onValueChange={v => setData('layout', v)}>
-                                        <SelectTrigger className={errors.layout ? 'border-red-400' : ''}><SelectValue placeholder="Choisir une mise en page" /></SelectTrigger>
+                                        <SelectTrigger className={errors.layout ? 'border-red-400' : ''}><SelectValue placeholder={t('parametres.documents.layout_ph')} /></SelectTrigger>
                                         <SelectContent>
                                             {Object.entries(layouts).map(([k, label]) => <SelectItem key={k} value={k}>{label}</SelectItem>)}
                                         </SelectContent>
                                     </Select>
                                     {errors.layout && <p className="text-xs text-red-500">{errors.layout}</p>}
-                                    <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">Mise en page fournie par l'application (logique, tableaux). En-tête, signature et filigrane de l'école restent appliqués.</p>
+                                    <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">{t('parametres.documents.layout_hint')}</p>
                                 </div>
                             ) : (
                                 <div className="space-y-3">
-                                    <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Contenu du document</label>
+                                    <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('parametres.documents.label_content')}</label>
                                     <RichTextEditor value={data.content} onChange={v => setData('content', v)} onReady={handleEditorReady} />
-                                    <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">Astuce : placez le curseur puis cliquez une variable à droite pour l'insérer.</p>
+                                    <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">{t('parametres.documents.content_tip')}</p>
                                 </div>
                             )}
                         </div>
@@ -196,7 +198,7 @@ export default function Edit({ template, categories, types, sources, layouts, va
                     <div className="space-y-6">
                         {/* Variables */}
                         <div className="bg-white rounded-2xl ring-1 ring-gray-100 shadow-sm p-5">
-                            <h3 className="text-sm font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-3">Variables disponibles</h3>
+                            <h3 className="text-sm font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-3">{t('parametres.documents.variables_title')}</h3>
                             <div className="space-y-4 max-h-80 overflow-y-auto pr-1">
                                 {Object.entries(variables).map(([groupKey, group]) => (
                                     <div key={groupKey}>
@@ -207,7 +209,7 @@ export default function Edit({ template, categories, types, sources, layouts, va
                                                     key={key}
                                                     type="button"
                                                     onClick={() => insertVariable(key)}
-                                                    title={`Insérer {{ ${key} }}`}
+                                                    title={t('parametres.documents.insert_var', { var: `{{ ${key} }}` })}
                                                     className="inline-flex items-center gap-1 text-xs bg-gray-50 hover:bg-blue-50 hover:text-blue-700 ring-1 ring-gray-200 rounded-md px-2 py-1 transition-colors"
                                                 >
                                                     <Plus className="w-3 h-3" /> {label}
@@ -221,39 +223,39 @@ export default function Edit({ template, categories, types, sources, layouts, va
 
                         {/* Options */}
                         <div className="bg-white rounded-2xl ring-1 ring-gray-100 shadow-sm p-5 space-y-4">
-                            <h3 className="text-sm font-semibold text-gray-900">Mise en page</h3>
+                            <h3 className="text-sm font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.documents.options_title')}</h3>
 
                             <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                                <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Orientation</label>
+                                <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('parametres.documents.label_orientation')}</label>
                                 <Select value={data.orientation} onValueChange={v => setData('orientation', v as 'portrait' | 'landscape')}>
                                     <SelectTrigger><SelectValue /></SelectTrigger>
                                     <SelectContent>
-                                        <SelectItem value="portrait">Portrait</SelectItem>
-                                        <SelectItem value="landscape">Paysage</SelectItem>
+                                        <SelectItem value="portrait">{t('parametres.documents.orientation_portrait')}</SelectItem>
+                                        <SelectItem value="landscape">{t('parametres.documents.orientation_landscape')}</SelectItem>
                                     </SelectContent>
                                 </Select>
                             </div>
 
                             <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                                <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Titre du signataire</label>
-                                <Input value={data.signatory_title} onChange={e => setData('signatory_title', e.target.value)} placeholder="Le Directeur" />
+                                <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('parametres.documents.label_signatory')}</label>
+                                <Input value={data.signatory_title} onChange={e => setData('signatory_title', e.target.value)} placeholder={t('parametres.documents.signatory_ph')} />
                             </div>
 
                             <label className="flex items-center gap-2.5 cursor-pointer">
                                 <Checkbox checked={data.header_enabled} onCheckedChange={c => setData('header_enabled', c === true)} />
-                                <span className="text-sm text-gray-700">En-tête officiel (logo, terme, devise)</span>
+                                <span className="text-sm text-gray-700">{t('parametres.documents.opt_header')}</span>
                             </label>
                             <label className="flex items-center gap-2.5 cursor-pointer">
                                 <Checkbox checked={data.show_signature} onCheckedChange={c => setData('show_signature', c === true)} />
-                                <span className="text-sm text-gray-700">Bloc signature</span>
+                                <span className="text-sm text-gray-700">{t('parametres.documents.opt_signature')}</span>
                             </label>
                             <label className="flex items-center gap-2.5 cursor-pointer">
                                 <Checkbox checked={data.is_default} onCheckedChange={c => setData('is_default', c === true)} />
-                                <span className="text-sm text-gray-700">Modèle par défaut pour ce type</span>
+                                <span className="text-sm text-gray-700">{t('parametres.documents.opt_default')}</span>
                             </label>
                             <label className="flex items-center gap-2.5 cursor-pointer">
                                 <Checkbox checked={data.is_active} onCheckedChange={c => setData('is_active', c === true)} />
-                                <span className="text-sm text-gray-700">Actif</span>
+                                <span className="text-sm text-gray-700">{t('parametres.documents.opt_active')}</span>
                             </label>
                         </div>
 
@@ -261,11 +263,11 @@ export default function Edit({ template, categories, types, sources, layouts, va
                         <div className="flex flex-col gap-2">
                             <Button type="button" variant="outline" onClick={handlePreview} disabled={previewing} className="gap-2">
                                 {previewing ? <Loader2 className="w-4 h-4 animate-spin" /> : <Eye className="w-4 h-4" />}
-                                Prévisualiser
+                                {t('parametres.documents.btn_preview')}
                             </Button>
                             <Button type="submit" disabled={processing} className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700 gap-2">
                                 {processing ? <Loader2 className="w-4 h-4 animate-spin" /> : <Save className="w-4 h-4" />}
-                                Enregistrer
+                                {t('parametres.common.save')}
                             </Button>
                         </div>
                     </div>
@@ -275,9 +277,9 @@ export default function Edit({ template, categories, types, sources, layouts, va
                 {previewHtml && (
                     <div className="bg-white rounded-2xl ring-1 ring-gray-100 shadow-sm p-6">
                         <h3 className="text-sm font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-3 flex items-center gap-2">
-                            <Eye className="w-4 h-4" /> Aperçu (données d'exemple)
+                            <Eye className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('parametres.documents.preview_sample_title')}
                         </h3>
-                        <iframe title="Aperçu" srcDoc={previewHtml} className="w-full h-[600px] rounded-lg ring-1 ring-gray-200 bg-white" />
+                        <iframe title={t('parametres.documents.preview_sample_title')} srcDoc={previewHtml} className="w-full h-[600px] rounded-lg ring-1 ring-gray-200 bg-white" />
                     </div>
                 )}
             </div>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Documents/HeaderDesigner.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Documents/HeaderDesigner.tsx
index d700a466..42153ae7 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Documents/HeaderDesigner.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Documents/HeaderDesigner.tsx
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import {
     Select, SelectContent, SelectItem, SelectTrigger, SelectValue,
 } from '@/components/ui/select';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 type Align = 'left' | 'center' | 'right';
@@ -60,6 +61,7 @@ const uid = () => (crypto.randomUUID ? crypto.randomUUID() : `el-${Date.now()}-$
 const clamp = (v: number, min: number, max: number) => Math.max(min, Math.min(max, v));
 
 export default function HeaderDesigner({ header, preset: initialPreset, presets, default: fallback, watermarkImageUrl, variables, canvasWidth, school }: Readonly<Props>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const [preset, setPreset] = useState<string>(initialPreset ?? 'ministeriel');
     const [elements, setElements] = useState<El[]>(header.layout.elements ?? []);
     const [height, setHeight] = useState<number>(header.layout.height ?? 130);
@@ -92,7 +94,7 @@ export default function HeaderDesigner({ header, preset: initialPreset, presets,
 
     const addElement = (preset: Partial<El>) => {
         const el: El = {
-            id: uid(), type: 'text', x: 24, y: 20, w: 240, content: 'Texte',
+            id: uid(), type: 'text', x: 24, y: 20, w: 240, content: t('parametres.documents.hd_block_text'),
             fontSize: 13, bold: false, italic: false, align: 'left', color: '#1a1a1a', ...preset,
         };
         setElements((els) => [...els, el]);
@@ -166,37 +168,37 @@ export default function HeaderDesigner({ header, preset: initialPreset, presets,
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="En-tête des documents" />
+            <Head title={t('parametres.documents.hd_head')} />
             <div className="w-full space-y-6">
 
                 {/* En-tête de page */}
                 <div className="flex items-start justify-between gap-4 flex-wrap">
                     <div>
                         <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3">
-                            <LayoutTemplate className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" /> En-tête des documents
+                            <LayoutTemplate className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" /> {t('parametres.documents.hd_title')}
                         </h1>
-                        <p className="mt-2 text-gray-500">Composez l'en-tête utilisé pour les certificats, attestations et bulletins. Glissez les blocs pour les positionner.</p>
+                        <p className="mt-2 text-gray-500">{t('parametres.documents.hd_subtitle')}</p>
                     </div>
                     <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
                         <Button variant="outline" className="gap-2" onClick={resetDefault}>
-                            <RotateCcw className="w-4 h-4" /> Réinitialiser
+                            <RotateCcw className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('parametres.documents.hd_reset')}
                         </Button>
                         <Button className="gap-2 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700" onClick={save} disabled={saving}>
-                            <Save className="w-4 h-4" /> {saving ? 'Enregistrement…' : 'Enregistrer'}
+                            <Save className="w-4 h-4" /> {saving ? t('parametres.documents.hd_saving') : t('parametres.common.save')}
                         </Button>
                     </div>
                 </div>
 
                 {/* Préréglage d'en-tête */}
                 <div className="rounded-2xl bg-white p-4 shadow-sm ring-1 ring-slate-100 flex flex-wrap items-center gap-3">
-                    <p className="text-xs font-semibold uppercase tracking-wide text-gray-400">Modèle d'en-tête</p>
+                    <p className="text-xs font-semibold uppercase tracking-wide text-gray-400">{t('parametres.documents.hd_preset_label')}</p>
                     <Select value={preset} onValueChange={setPreset}>
                         <SelectTrigger className="w-72"><SelectValue /></SelectTrigger>
                         <SelectContent>
                             {Object.entries(presets).map(([k, label]) => <SelectItem key={k} value={k}>{label}</SelectItem>)}
                         </SelectContent>
                     </Select>
-                    <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">Le filigrane s'applique aux deux modèles.</p>
+                    <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">{t('parametres.documents.hd_watermark_both')}</p>
                 </div>
 
                 <div className="grid grid-cols-1 lg:grid-cols-[1fr_320px] gap-6">
@@ -204,33 +206,33 @@ export default function HeaderDesigner({ header, preset: initialPreset, presets,
                     <div className="space-y-4">
                         {preset !== 'personnalise' && (
                             <div className="rounded-2xl bg-blue-50/60 p-5 ring-1 ring-blue-100 text-sm text-gray-700 space-y-2">
-                                <p className="font-semibold text-gray-900">En-tête ministériel (officiel)</p>
-                                <p>L'en-tête à trois colonnes (Ministère &amp; établissement · logo · République &amp; devise) est généré automatiquement à partir des informations de l'école. Le glisser-déposer est désactivé pour ce modèle.</p>
-                                <p className="text-xs text-gray-500">Pour modifier le ministère, le nom, le logo ou la devise, rendez-vous dans les réglages de l'école.</p>
+                                <p className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.documents.hd_ministerial_title')}</p>
+                                <p>{t('parametres.documents.hd_ministerial_p1')}</p>
+                                <p className="text-xs text-gray-500">{t('parametres.documents.hd_ministerial_p2')}</p>
                             </div>
                         )}
                         {preset === 'personnalise' && (<>
                         {/* Palette */}
                         <div className="rounded-2xl bg-white p-4 shadow-sm ring-1 ring-slate-100">
-                            <p className="text-xs font-semibold uppercase tracking-wide text-gray-400 mb-3">Ajouter un bloc</p>
+                            <p className="text-xs font-semibold uppercase tracking-wide text-gray-400 mb-3">{t('parametres.documents.hd_add_block')}</p>
                             <div className="flex flex-wrap gap-2">
                                 <Button size="sm" variant="outline" className="gap-1.5" onClick={() => school.logo_url ? addElement({ type: 'logo', content: '', w: 70 }) : undefined} disabled={!school.logo_url}>
-                                    <ImageIcon className="w-4 h-4" /> Logo
+                                    <ImageIcon className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('parametres.documents.hd_block_logo')}
                                 </Button>
                                 <Button size="sm" variant="outline" className="gap-1.5" onClick={() => addElement({ content: '{{ecole.nom}}', fontSize: 16, bold: true, align: 'center', w: 360 })}>
-                                    <Plus className="w-4 h-4" /> Nom
+                                    <Plus className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('parametres.documents.hd_block_name')}
                                 </Button>
                                 <Button size="sm" variant="outline" className="gap-1.5" onClick={() => addElement({ content: '{{ecole.devise}}', fontSize: 11, italic: true, align: 'center', w: 360, color: '#444444' })}>
-                                    <Plus className="w-4 h-4" /> Devise
+                                    <Plus className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('parametres.documents.hd_block_motto')}
                                 </Button>
                                 <Button size="sm" variant="outline" className="gap-1.5" onClick={() => addElement({ content: '{{ecole.terme}}', fontSize: 13, bold: true, align: 'center', w: 360 })}>
-                                    <Plus className="w-4 h-4" /> Terme
+                                    <Plus className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('parametres.documents.hd_block_term')}
                                 </Button>
                                 <Button size="sm" variant="outline" className="gap-1.5" onClick={() => addElement({ content: '{{ecole.bp}} – {{ecole.ville}} – {{ecole.telephone}}', fontSize: 10, align: 'center', w: 420, color: '#555555' })}>
-                                    <Plus className="w-4 h-4" /> Coordonnées
+                                    <Plus className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('parametres.documents.hd_block_contact')}
                                 </Button>
-                                <Button size="sm" variant="outline" className="gap-1.5" onClick={() => addElement({ content: 'Texte libre' })}>
-                                    <Type className="w-4 h-4" /> Texte
+                                <Button size="sm" variant="outline" className="gap-1.5" onClick={() => addElement({ content: t('parametres.documents.hd_default_text') })}>
+                                    <Type className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('parametres.documents.hd_block_text')}
                                 </Button>
                             </div>
                         </div>
@@ -238,9 +240,9 @@ export default function HeaderDesigner({ header, preset: initialPreset, presets,
                         {/* Canvas */}
                         <div className="rounded-2xl bg-white p-4 shadow-sm ring-1 ring-slate-100">
                             <div className="flex items-center justify-between mb-3">
-                                <p className="text-xs font-semibold uppercase tracking-wide text-gray-400">Aperçu (largeur A4)</p>
+                                <p className="text-xs font-semibold uppercase tracking-wide text-gray-400">{t('parametres.documents.hd_canvas_title')}</p>
                                 <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
-                                    <Label className="text-xs text-gray-500">Hauteur</Label>
+                                    <Label className="text-xs text-gray-500">{t('parametres.documents.hd_height')}</Label>
                                     <Input type="number" value={height} min={60} max={400}
                                         onChange={(e) => setHeight(clamp(Number(e.target.value) || 130, 60, 400))}
                                         className="h-8 w-20" />
@@ -273,7 +275,7 @@ export default function HeaderDesigner({ header, preset: initialPreset, presets,
                                     ))}
                                 </div>
                             </div>
-                            <p className="mt-2 text-xs text-gray-400">Cliquez un bloc pour le modifier, glissez-le pour le déplacer.</p>
+                            <p className="mt-2 text-xs text-gray-400">{t('parametres.documents.hd_canvas_hint')}</p>
                         </div>
                         </>)}
                     </div>
@@ -282,29 +284,29 @@ export default function HeaderDesigner({ header, preset: initialPreset, presets,
                     <div className="space-y-4">
                         {preset === 'personnalise' && (
                         <div className="rounded-2xl bg-white p-4 shadow-sm ring-1 ring-slate-100">
-                            <p className="text-xs font-semibold uppercase tracking-wide text-gray-400 mb-3">Propriétés du bloc</p>
+                            <p className="text-xs font-semibold uppercase tracking-wide text-gray-400 mb-3">{t('parametres.documents.hd_block_props')}</p>
                             {!selected ? (
-                                <p className="text-sm text-gray-400">Sélectionnez un bloc dans l'aperçu.</p>
+                                <p className="text-sm text-gray-400">{t('parametres.documents.hd_select_block')}</p>
                             ) : selected.type === 'logo' ? (
                                 <div className="space-y-3">
                                     <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                                        <Label className="text-xs">Taille (px)</Label>
+                                        <Label className="text-xs">{t('parametres.documents.hd_size_px')}</Label>
                                         <Input type="number" value={selected.w} min={20} max={300}
                                             onChange={(e) => update(selected.id, { w: clamp(Number(e.target.value) || 70, 20, 300) })} className="h-9" />
                                     </div>
                                     <Button variant="outline" size="sm" className="w-full gap-1.5 border-red-200 text-red-500 hover:bg-red-50" onClick={removeSelected}>
-                                        <Trash2 className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> Supprimer
+                                        <Trash2 className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> {t('parametres.documents.hd_delete')}
                                     </Button>
                                 </div>
                             ) : (
                                 <div className="space-y-3">
                                     <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                                        <Label className="text-xs">Contenu</Label>
+                                        <Label className="text-xs">{t('parametres.documents.hd_content')}</Label>
                                         <textarea value={selected.content} rows={2}
                                             onChange={(e) => update(selected.id, { content: e.target.value })}
                                             className="w-full rounded-md border border-gray-300 px-2.5 py-1.5 text-sm" />
                                         <Select onValueChange={(v) => update(selected.id, { content: `${selected.content} {{${v}}}` })}>
-                                            <SelectTrigger className="h-8 text-xs"><SelectValue placeholder="Insérer une variable…" /></SelectTrigger>
+                                            <SelectTrigger className="h-8 text-xs"><SelectValue placeholder={t('parametres.documents.hd_insert_var_ph')} /></SelectTrigger>
                                             <SelectContent>
                                                 {flatVariables.map(([key, label]) => (
                                                     <SelectItem key={key} value={key} className="text-xs">{label}</SelectItem>
@@ -314,12 +316,12 @@ export default function HeaderDesigner({ header, preset: initialPreset, presets,
                                     </div>
                                     <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-3">
                                         <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                                            <Label className="text-xs">Taille</Label>
+                                            <Label className="text-xs">{t('parametres.documents.hd_size')}</Label>
                                             <Input type="number" value={selected.fontSize} min={6} max={48}
                                                 onChange={(e) => update(selected.id, { fontSize: clamp(Number(e.target.value) || 12, 6, 48) })} className="h-9" />
                                         </div>
                                         <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                                            <Label className="text-xs">Largeur</Label>
+                                            <Label className="text-xs">{t('parametres.documents.hd_width')}</Label>
                                             <Input type="number" value={selected.w} min={40} max={canvasWidth}
                                                 onChange={(e) => update(selected.id, { w: clamp(Number(e.target.value) || 200, 40, canvasWidth) })} className="h-9" />
                                         </div>
@@ -338,10 +340,10 @@ export default function HeaderDesigner({ header, preset: initialPreset, presets,
                                             ))}
                                         </div>
                                         <input type="color" value={selected.color} onChange={(e) => update(selected.id, { color: e.target.value })}
-                                            className="h-9 w-9 rounded-md border border-gray-200 p-0.5" aria-label="Couleur" />
+                                            className="h-9 w-9 rounded-md border border-gray-200 p-0.5" aria-label={t('parametres.documents.hd_color')} />
                                     </div>
                                     <Button variant="outline" size="sm" className="w-full gap-1.5 border-red-200 text-red-500 hover:bg-red-50" onClick={removeSelected}>
-                                        <Trash2 className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> Supprimer le bloc
+                                        <Trash2 className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> {t('parametres.documents.hd_delete_block')}
                                     </Button>
                                 </div>
                             )}
@@ -351,10 +353,10 @@ export default function HeaderDesigner({ header, preset: initialPreset, presets,
                         {/* Filigrane */}
                         <div className="rounded-2xl bg-white p-4 shadow-sm ring-1 ring-slate-100">
                             <div className="flex items-center justify-between mb-3">
-                                <p className="text-xs font-semibold uppercase tracking-wide text-gray-400">Filigrane</p>
+                                <p className="text-xs font-semibold uppercase tracking-wide text-gray-400">{t('parametres.documents.hd_watermark')}</p>
                                 <label className="flex items-center gap-2 text-sm">
                                     <Checkbox checked={watermark.enabled} onCheckedChange={(v) => setWatermark({ ...watermark, enabled: Boolean(v) })} />
-                                    Activer
+                                    {t('parametres.documents.hd_enable')}
                                 </label>
                             </div>
 
@@ -362,17 +364,17 @@ export default function HeaderDesigner({ header, preset: initialPreset, presets,
                                 <Select value={watermark.type} onValueChange={(v: 'text' | 'image') => setWatermark({ ...watermark, type: v })}>
                                     <SelectTrigger className="h-9"><SelectValue /></SelectTrigger>
                                     <SelectContent>
-                                        <SelectItem value="text">Texte</SelectItem>
-                                        <SelectItem value="image">Image / logo</SelectItem>
+                                        <SelectItem value="text">{t('parametres.documents.hd_wm_text')}</SelectItem>
+                                        <SelectItem value="image">{t('parametres.documents.hd_wm_image')}</SelectItem>
                                     </SelectContent>
                                 </Select>
 
                                 {watermark.type === 'text' ? (
                                     <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
-                                        <Input value={watermark.text} placeholder="Texte du filigrane"
+                                        <Input value={watermark.text} placeholder={t('parametres.documents.hd_wm_text_ph')}
                                             onChange={(e) => setWatermark({ ...watermark, text: e.target.value })} className="h-9" />
                                         <input type="color" value={watermark.color} onChange={(e) => setWatermark({ ...watermark, color: e.target.value })}
-                                            className="h-9 w-9 rounded-md border border-gray-200 p-0.5" aria-label="Couleur" />
+                                            className="h-9 w-9 rounded-md border border-gray-200 p-0.5" aria-label={t('parametres.documents.hd_color')} />
                                     </div>
                                 ) : (
                                     <div className="space-y-2">
@@ -382,17 +384,17 @@ export default function HeaderDesigner({ header, preset: initialPreset, presets,
                                 )}
 
                                 <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                                    <Label className="text-xs">Opacité : {watermark.opacity}%</Label>
+                                    <Label className="text-xs">{t('parametres.documents.hd_opacity', { n: watermark.opacity })}</Label>
                                     <input type="range" min={2} max={50} value={watermark.opacity}
                                         onChange={(e) => setWatermark({ ...watermark, opacity: Number(e.target.value) })} className="w-full" />
                                 </div>
                                 <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                                    <Label className="text-xs">Taille : {watermark.size}</Label>
+                                    <Label className="text-xs">{t('parametres.documents.hd_wm_size', { n: watermark.size })}</Label>
                                     <input type="range" min={20} max={120} value={watermark.size}
                                         onChange={(e) => setWatermark({ ...watermark, size: Number(e.target.value) })} className="w-full" />
                                 </div>
                                 <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                                    <Label className="text-xs">Rotation : {watermark.rotation}°</Label>
+                                    <Label className="text-xs">{t('parametres.documents.hd_rotation', { n: watermark.rotation })}</Label>
                                     <input type="range" min={-90} max={90} value={watermark.rotation}
                                         onChange={(e) => setWatermark({ ...watermark, rotation: Number(e.target.value) })} className="w-full" />
                                 </div>
@@ -401,7 +403,7 @@ export default function HeaderDesigner({ header, preset: initialPreset, presets,
 
                         <div className="rounded-2xl bg-blue-50/60 p-4 ring-1 ring-blue-100 text-xs text-blue-800 flex gap-2">
                             <Tag className="w-4 h-4 shrink-0 mt-0.5" />
-                            Les variables comme <code className="font-mono">{'{{ecole.nom}}'}</code> sont remplacées à la génération de chaque document.
+                            {t('parametres.documents.hd_var_note_before')} <code className="font-mono">{'{{ecole.nom}}'}</code> {t('parametres.documents.hd_var_note_after')}
                         </div>
                     </div>
                 </div>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Documents/Index.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Documents/Index.tsx
index 8958dbcf..1eee36cd 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Documents/Index.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Documents/Index.tsx
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import {
 } from '@/components/ui/alert-dialog';
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Template {
@@ -30,6 +31,7 @@ const CATEGORY_META: Record<string, { icon: typeof FileText; color: string; bg:
 };
 
 export default function Index({ templatesByCategory, categories }: Readonly<Props>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const [deleteId, setDeleteId] = useState<string | null>(null);
     const canHeader = (usePage().props.auth?.permissions ?? []).includes('view_document_headers');
 
@@ -42,25 +44,25 @@ export default function Index({ templatesByCategory, categories }: Readonly<Prop
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Modèles de documents" />
+            <Head title={t('parametres.documents.head')} />
             <div className="w-full space-y-6">
 
                 <div className="flex items-start justify-between gap-4 flex-wrap">
                     <div>
-                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3"><FileBadge className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />Modèles de documents</h1>
-                        <p className="mt-2 text-gray-500">Gérez les modèles de certificats, attestations et bulletins exportables en PDF.</p>
+                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3"><FileBadge className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />{t('parametres.documents.title')}</h1>
+                        <p className="mt-2 text-gray-500">{t('parametres.documents.subtitle')}</p>
                     </div>
                     <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
                         {canHeader && (
                             <Button variant="outline" className="gap-2" onClick={() => router.get(route('document-header.edit'))}>
-                                <LayoutTemplate className="w-4 h-4" /> En-tête
+                                <LayoutTemplate className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('parametres.documents.btn_header')}
                             </Button>
                         )}
                         <Button variant="outline" className="gap-2" onClick={() => router.get(route('document-templates.registry'))}>
-                            <FileText className="w-4 h-4" /> Registre
+                            <FileText className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('parametres.documents.btn_registry')}
                         </Button>
                         <Button className="gap-2 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700" onClick={() => router.get(route('document-templates.create'))}>
-                            <Plus className="w-4 h-4" /> Nouveau modèle
+                            <Plus className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('parametres.documents.btn_new')}
                         </Button>
                     </div>
                 </div>
@@ -83,38 +85,38 @@ export default function Index({ templatesByCategory, categories }: Readonly<Prop
                             {templates.length === 0 ? (
                                 <div className="rounded-2xl ring-1 ring-dashed ring-gray-200 p-8 text-center text-gray-400 text-sm">
                                     <FileBadge className="w-8 h-8 mx-auto mb-2 opacity-30" />
-                                    Aucun modèle dans cette catégorie.
+                                    {t('parametres.documents.cat_empty')}
                                 </div>
                             ) : (
                                 <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 lg:grid-cols-3 gap-4">
-                                    {templates.map(t => (
-                                        <div key={t.id} className="bg-white rounded-2xl ring-1 ring-gray-100 shadow-sm p-5 flex flex-col">
+                                    {templates.map(tpl => (
+                                        <div key={tpl.id} className="bg-white rounded-2xl ring-1 ring-gray-100 shadow-sm p-5 flex flex-col">
                                             <div className="flex items-start justify-between gap-2">
                                                 <div>
-                                                    <p className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t.name}</p>
-                                                    <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 mt-0.5">{t.type_label}</p>
+                                                    <p className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{tpl.name}</p>
+                                                    <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 mt-0.5">{tpl.type_label}</p>
                                                 </div>
-                                                {t.is_default && (
+                                                {tpl.is_default && (
                                                     <span className="inline-flex items-center gap-1 text-xs bg-amber-100 text-amber-700 rounded-full px-2 py-0.5 shrink-0">
-                                                        <Star className="w-3 h-3" /> Défaut
+                                                        <Star className="w-3 h-3" /> {t('parametres.documents.badge_default')}
                                                     </span>
                                                 )}
                                             </div>
 
                                             <div className="mt-2">
-                                                {t.is_active
-                                                    ? <span className="text-xs text-emerald-600 font-medium">● Actif</span>
-                                                    : <span className="text-xs text-gray-400 font-medium">● Inactif</span>}
+                                                {tpl.is_active
+                                                    ? <span className="text-xs text-emerald-600 font-medium">{t('parametres.documents.status_active')}</span>
+                                                    : <span className="text-xs text-gray-400 font-medium">{t('parametres.documents.status_inactive')}</span>}
                                             </div>
 
                                             <div className="flex gap-2 mt-4 pt-4 border-t border-gray-50">
-                                                <Button variant="outline" size="sm" className="flex-1 gap-1.5" onClick={() => router.get(route('document-templates.show', t.id))}>
-                                                    <Eye className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> Voir
+                                                <Button variant="outline" size="sm" className="flex-1 gap-1.5" onClick={() => router.get(route('document-templates.show', tpl.id))}>
+                                                    <Eye className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> {t('parametres.common.view')}
                                                 </Button>
-                                                <Button variant="outline" size="sm" className="flex-1 gap-1.5" onClick={() => router.get(route('document-templates.edit', t.id))}>
-                                                    <Pencil className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> Modifier
+                                                <Button variant="outline" size="sm" className="flex-1 gap-1.5" onClick={() => router.get(route('document-templates.edit', tpl.id))}>
+                                                    <Pencil className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> {t('parametres.common.edit')}
                                                 </Button>
-                                                <Button variant="outline" size="sm" className="border-red-200 text-red-500 hover:bg-red-50" onClick={() => setDeleteId(t.id)}>
+                                                <Button variant="outline" size="sm" className="border-red-200 text-red-500 hover:bg-red-50" onClick={() => setDeleteId(tpl.id)}>
                                                     <Trash2 className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />
                                                 </Button>
                                             </div>
@@ -130,12 +132,12 @@ export default function Index({ templatesByCategory, categories }: Readonly<Prop
             <AlertDialog open={!!deleteId} onOpenChange={() => setDeleteId(null)}>
                 <AlertDialogContent>
                     <AlertDialogHeader>
-                        <AlertDialogTitle>Supprimer ce modèle ?</AlertDialogTitle>
-                        <AlertDialogDescription>Cette action est irréversible. Les documents déjà émis ne sont pas affectés.</AlertDialogDescription>
+                        <AlertDialogTitle>{t('parametres.documents.delete_title')}</AlertDialogTitle>
+                        <AlertDialogDescription>{t('parametres.documents.delete_desc')}</AlertDialogDescription>
                     </AlertDialogHeader>
                     <div className="flex justify-end gap-2">
-                        <AlertDialogCancel>Annuler</AlertDialogCancel>
-                        <AlertDialogAction className="bg-red-600 hover:bg-red-700" onClick={() => deleteId && onDelete(deleteId)}>Supprimer</AlertDialogAction>
+                        <AlertDialogCancel>{t('parametres.common.cancel')}</AlertDialogCancel>
+                        <AlertDialogAction className="bg-red-600 hover:bg-red-700" onClick={() => deleteId && onDelete(deleteId)}>{t('parametres.common.delete')}</AlertDialogAction>
                     </div>
                 </AlertDialogContent>
             </AlertDialog>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Documents/Registry.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Documents/Registry.tsx
index cc8911d6..9012e30a 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Documents/Registry.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Documents/Registry.tsx
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { Table, TableBody, TableCell, TableHead, TableHeader, TableRow } from '@/components/ui/table';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Issuance {
@@ -29,6 +30,7 @@ interface Props {
 }
 
 export default function Registry({ issuances, filters }: Readonly<Props>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const [search, setSearch] = useState(filters.search ?? '');
 
     const apply = (value = search) => {
@@ -37,7 +39,7 @@ export default function Registry({ issuances, filters }: Readonly<Props>) {
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Registre des documents" />
+            <Head title={t('parametres.documents.registry_head')} />
             <div className="w-full space-y-6">
 
                 <div className="flex items-center gap-4">
@@ -45,8 +47,8 @@ export default function Registry({ issuances, filters }: Readonly<Props>) {
                         <ArrowLeft className="w-5 h-5 text-gray-600" />
                     </button>
                     <div>
-                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900">Registre des documents</h1>
-                        <p className="mt-2 text-gray-500">Traçabilité de tous les documents délivrés ({issuances.total}).</p>
+                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900">{t('parametres.documents.registry_title')}</h1>
+                        <p className="mt-2 text-gray-500">{t('parametres.documents.registry_subtitle', { n: issuances.total })}</p>
                     </div>
                 </div>
 
@@ -58,7 +60,7 @@ export default function Registry({ issuances, filters }: Readonly<Props>) {
                             value={search}
                             onChange={e => setSearch(e.target.value)}
                             onKeyDown={e => e.key === 'Enter' && apply()}
-                            placeholder="N° de référence, nom ou matricule de l'élève..."
+                            placeholder={t('parametres.documents.registry_search_ph')}
                             className="pl-9"
                         />
                         {search && (
@@ -67,7 +69,7 @@ export default function Registry({ issuances, filters }: Readonly<Props>) {
                             </button>
                         )}
                     </div>
-                    <Button onClick={() => apply()} className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700">Rechercher</Button>
+                    <Button onClick={() => apply()} className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700">{t('parametres.common.search')}</Button>
                 </div>
 
                 {/* Table */}
@@ -75,11 +77,11 @@ export default function Registry({ issuances, filters }: Readonly<Props>) {
                     <Table>
                         <TableHeader className="bg-gray-50">
                             <TableRow>
-                                <TableHead>Référence</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead>Document</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead>Élève</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead>Délivré par</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="text-right">Date</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead>{t('parametres.documents.registry_th_ref')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead>{t('parametres.documents.registry_th_doc')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead>{t('parametres.documents.registry_th_student')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead>{t('parametres.documents.registry_th_issuer')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="text-right">{t('parametres.documents.registry_th_date')}</TableHead>
                             </TableRow>
                         </TableHeader>
                         <TableBody>
@@ -87,7 +89,7 @@ export default function Registry({ issuances, filters }: Readonly<Props>) {
                                 <TableRow>
                                     <TableCell colSpan={5} className="py-16 text-center text-gray-400">
                                         <FileText className="w-10 h-10 mx-auto mb-2 opacity-20" />
-                                        Aucun document délivré.
+                                        {t('parametres.documents.registry_empty')}
                                     </TableCell>
                                 </TableRow>
                             ) : issuances.data.map(i => (
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Documents/Show.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Documents/Show.tsx
index 669660f6..1beb038d 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Documents/Show.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Documents/Show.tsx
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { Head, router } from '@inertiajs/react';
 import { ArrowLeft, CheckCircle2, Pencil, Star } from 'lucide-react';
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Template {
@@ -24,13 +25,13 @@ interface Props {
     html: string;
 }
 
-const CATEGORY_LABELS: Record<string, string> = {
-    certificat: 'Certificat',
-    attestation: 'Attestation',
-    bulletin: 'Bulletin',
-};
-
 export default function Show({ template, html }: Readonly<Props>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
+    const categoryLabels: Record<string, string> = {
+        certificat: t('parametres.documents.cat_certificat'),
+        attestation: t('parametres.documents.cat_attestation'),
+        bulletin: t('parametres.documents.cat_bulletin'),
+    };
     return (
         <AppLayout>
             <Head title={template.name} />
@@ -43,13 +44,13 @@ export default function Show({ template, html }: Readonly<Props>) {
                             <ArrowLeft className="w-5 h-5 text-gray-600" />
                         </button>
                         <div>
-                            <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide">{CATEGORY_LABELS[template.category] ?? template.category}</p>
+                            <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 uppercase tracking-wide">{categoryLabels[template.category] ?? template.category}</p>
                             <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900">{template.name}</h1>
                             {template.description && <p className="text-gray-500 mt-1">{template.description}</p>}
                         </div>
                     </div>
                     <Button className="gap-2 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700" onClick={() => router.get(route('document-templates.edit', template.id))}>
-                        <Pencil className="w-4 h-4" /> Modifier
+                        <Pencil className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('parametres.common.edit')}
                     </Button>
                 </div>
 
@@ -57,39 +58,39 @@ export default function Show({ template, html }: Readonly<Props>) {
                     {/* Métadonnées */}
                     <div className="space-y-4">
                         <div className="bg-white rounded-2xl ring-1 ring-gray-100 shadow-sm p-5 space-y-3">
-                            <h3 className="text-sm font-semibold text-gray-900">Caractéristiques</h3>
+                            <h3 className="text-sm font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.documents.show_features')}</h3>
 
-                            <Meta label="Type" value={template.type_label} />
-                            <Meta label="Orientation" value={template.orientation === 'portrait' ? 'Portrait' : 'Paysage'} />
-                            <Meta label="Signataire" value={template.signatory_title ?? '—'} />
+                            <Meta label={t('parametres.documents.show_type')} value={template.type_label} />
+                            <Meta label={t('parametres.documents.show_orientation')} value={template.orientation === 'portrait' ? t('parametres.documents.orientation_portrait') : t('parametres.documents.orientation_landscape')} />
+                            <Meta label={t('parametres.documents.show_signatory')} value={template.signatory_title ?? '—'} />
 
                             <div className="space-y-2 pt-1">
-                                <Flag on={template.header_enabled} label="En-tête officiel" />
-                                <Flag on={template.show_signature} label="Bloc signature" />
+                                <Flag on={template.header_enabled} label={t('parametres.documents.flag_header')} />
+                                <Flag on={template.show_signature} label={t('parametres.documents.flag_signature')} />
                             </div>
 
                             <div className="flex flex-wrap gap-2 pt-2">
                                 {template.is_default && (
                                     <span className="inline-flex items-center gap-1 text-xs bg-amber-100 text-amber-700 rounded-full px-2 py-0.5">
-                                        <Star className="w-3 h-3" /> Modèle par défaut
+                                        <Star className="w-3 h-3" /> {t('parametres.documents.show_default')}
                                     </span>
                                 )}
                                 <span className={`inline-flex items-center gap-1 text-xs rounded-full px-2 py-0.5 ${template.is_active ? 'bg-emerald-100 text-emerald-700' : 'bg-gray-100 text-gray-500'}`}>
-                                    {template.is_active ? 'Actif' : 'Inactif'}
+                                    {template.is_active ? t('parametres.documents.show_active') : t('parametres.documents.show_inactive')}
                                 </span>
                             </div>
                         </div>
 
                         <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 px-1">
-                            L'aperçu utilise des données d'exemple. Les variables seront remplacées par les informations réelles de l'élève à la génération.
+                            {t('parametres.documents.show_sample_note')}
                         </p>
                     </div>
 
                     {/* Aperçu rendu */}
                     <div className="lg:col-span-2">
                         <div className="bg-white rounded-2xl ring-1 ring-gray-100 shadow-sm p-6">
-                            <h3 className="text-sm font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-3">Aperçu du document</h3>
-                            <iframe title="Aperçu" srcDoc={html} className="w-full h-[700px] rounded-lg ring-1 ring-gray-200 bg-white" />
+                            <h3 className="text-sm font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-3">{t('parametres.documents.show_preview')}</h3>
+                            <iframe title={t('parametres.documents.show_preview')} srcDoc={html} className="w-full h-[700px] rounded-lg ring-1 ring-gray-200 bg-white" />
                         </div>
                     </div>
                 </div>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/EvaluationTypes/Create.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/EvaluationTypes/Create.tsx
index b85bc9cc..a182004f 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/EvaluationTypes/Create.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/EvaluationTypes/Create.tsx
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import {
     type EvaluationTypeFormData,
 } from '@/components/EvaluationTypes/evaluation-type-form';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 const initialValues: EvaluationTypeFormData = {
@@ -14,6 +15,7 @@ const initialValues: EvaluationTypeFormData = {
 };
 
 export default function Create() {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const { data, setData, post, processing, errors } = useForm<EvaluationTypeFormData>(initialValues);
 
     const submit = (event: React.SubmitEvent<HTMLFormElement>) => {
@@ -23,7 +25,7 @@ export default function Create() {
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Créer un type d'évaluation" />
+            <Head title={t('parametres.evaluation_types.create_head')} />
 
             <div className="w-full space-y-6">
                 <div className="flex items-center gap-4">
@@ -31,8 +33,8 @@ export default function Create() {
                         <ArrowLeft className="w-5 h-5 text-gray-600" />
                     </button>
                     <div>
-                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900">Créer un type d'évaluation</h1>
-                        <p className="mt-2 text-gray-600">Renseignez les informations du type d'évaluation.</p>
+                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900">{t('parametres.evaluation_types.create_title')}</h1>
+                        <p className="mt-2 text-gray-600">{t('parametres.evaluation_types.create_subtitle')}</p>
                     </div>
                 </div>
 
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/EvaluationTypes/Edit.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/EvaluationTypes/Edit.tsx
index 123bc670..5aaf3913 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/EvaluationTypes/Edit.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/EvaluationTypes/Edit.tsx
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import {
     type EvaluationTypeFormData,
 } from '@/components/EvaluationTypes/evaluation-type-form';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface EvaluationType {
@@ -19,6 +20,7 @@ interface EditProps {
 }
 
 export default function Edit({ evaluationType }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const { data, setData, put, processing, errors } = useForm<EvaluationTypeFormData>({
         name: evaluationType.name,
         category: evaluationType.category || 'continu',
@@ -32,7 +34,7 @@ export default function Edit({ evaluationType }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Modifier type d'évaluation" />
+            <Head title={t('parametres.evaluation_types.edit_head')} />
 
             <div className="w-full space-y-6">
                 <div className="flex items-center gap-4">
@@ -40,8 +42,8 @@ export default function Edit({ evaluationType }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
                         <ArrowLeft className="w-5 h-5 text-gray-600" />
                     </button>
                     <div>
-                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900">Éditer un type d'évaluation</h1>
-                        <p className="mt-2 text-gray-600">Mettez à jour les informations de {evaluationType.name}.</p>
+                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900">{t('parametres.evaluation_types.edit_title')}</h1>
+                        <p className="mt-2 text-gray-600">{t('parametres.evaluation_types.edit_subtitle', { name: evaluationType.name })}</p>
                     </div>
                 </div>
 
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/EvaluationTypes/Index.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/EvaluationTypes/Index.tsx
index 4570f589..c666ce7e 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/EvaluationTypes/Index.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/EvaluationTypes/Index.tsx
@@ -15,6 +15,7 @@ import { IconButton } from '@/components/icon-button';
 import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { Table, TableBody, TableCell, TableHead, TableHeader, TableRow } from '@/components/ui/table';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface EvaluationType {
@@ -42,6 +43,8 @@ interface IndexProps {
 }
 
 export default function Index({ evaluationTypes, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>) {
+    const { t, locale } = useTranslation();
+    const dateLocale = locale === 'en' ? 'en-GB' : 'fr-FR';
     const [search, setSearch] = useState(filters.search || '');
     const [deleteId, setDeleteId] = useState<string | null>(null);
 
@@ -63,7 +66,7 @@ export default function Index({ evaluationTypes, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>
 
     const statsCards = [
         {
-            title: 'Types totaux',
+            title: t('parametres.evaluation_types.stat_total'),
             value: evaluationTypes.total,
             icon: Tag,
             cardClass: 'bg-linear-to-br from-blue-50/70 to-white ring-1 ring-blue-100',
@@ -71,7 +74,7 @@ export default function Index({ evaluationTypes, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>
             textColor: 'text-blue-600',
         },
         {
-            title: 'Résultats affichés',
+            title: t('parametres.evaluation_types.stat_shown'),
             value: evaluationTypes.data.length,
             icon: Eye,
             cardClass: 'bg-linear-to-br from-emerald-50/70 to-white ring-1 ring-emerald-100',
@@ -79,7 +82,7 @@ export default function Index({ evaluationTypes, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>
             textColor: 'text-emerald-600',
         },
         {
-            title: 'Page',
+            title: t('parametres.evaluation_types.stat_page'),
             value: `${evaluationTypes.current_page}/${evaluationTypes.last_page}`,
             icon: Plus,
             cardClass: 'bg-linear-to-br from-violet-50/70 to-white ring-1 ring-violet-100',
@@ -90,17 +93,17 @@ export default function Index({ evaluationTypes, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Types d'évaluation" />
+            <Head title={t('parametres.evaluation_types.head')} />
 
             <div className="w-full space-y-6">
                 <div className="flex items-start justify-between">
                     <div>
-                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3"><Tag className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />Types d'évaluation</h1>
-                        <p className="mt-2 text-lg text-gray-600">Gérez les types d'évaluation</p>
+                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3"><Tag className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />{t('parametres.evaluation_types.title')}</h1>
+                        <p className="mt-2 text-lg text-gray-600">{t('parametres.evaluation_types.subtitle')}</p>
                     </div>
                     <Button className="gap-2 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700" onClick={() => router.get(route('evaluation-types.create'))}>
                         <Plus className="w-5 h-5" />
-                        Nouveau type
+                        {t('parametres.evaluation_types.new')}
                     </Button>
                 </div>
 
@@ -131,7 +134,7 @@ export default function Index({ evaluationTypes, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>
                                 value={search}
                                 onChange={(e) => setSearch(e.target.value)}
                                 onKeyDown={(e) => e.key === 'Enter' && onSearch()}
-                                placeholder="Rechercher un type..."
+                                placeholder={t('parametres.evaluation_types.search_ph')}
                                 className="pl-10 pr-10"
                             />
                             {search && (
@@ -140,7 +143,7 @@ export default function Index({ evaluationTypes, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>
                                 </button>
                             )}
                         </div>
-                        <Button onClick={onSearch} className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700">Rechercher</Button>
+                        <Button onClick={onSearch} className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700">{t('parametres.common.search')}</Button>
                     </div>
                 </div>
 
@@ -148,10 +151,10 @@ export default function Index({ evaluationTypes, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>
                     <Table>
                         <TableHeader className="bg-gray-50">
                             <TableRow className="border-b border-gray-200">
-                                <TableHead>Nom</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead>Description</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead>Créé le</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="text-center w-28">Actions</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead>{t('parametres.evaluation_types.th_name')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead>{t('parametres.evaluation_types.th_description')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead>{t('parametres.evaluation_types.th_created')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="text-center w-28">{t('parametres.common.actions')}</TableHead>
                             </TableRow>
                         </TableHeader>
                         <TableBody>
@@ -160,7 +163,7 @@ export default function Index({ evaluationTypes, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>
                                     <TableCell colSpan={4} className="py-12 text-center text-gray-500">
                                         <div className="flex flex-col items-center gap-2">
                                             <Tag className="w-12 h-12 text-gray-300" />
-                                            <p className="text-lg">Aucun type trouvé</p>
+                                            <p className="text-lg">{t('parametres.evaluation_types.empty')}</p>
                                         </div>
                                     </TableCell>
                                 </TableRow>
@@ -170,13 +173,13 @@ export default function Index({ evaluationTypes, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>
                                         <TableCell className="font-medium text-gray-900">{item.name}</TableCell>
                                         <TableCell className="text-gray-600">{item.description || '—'}</TableCell>
                                         <TableCell className="text-gray-600">
-                                            {new Date(item.created_at).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR')}
+                                            {new Date(item.created_at).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale)}
                                         </TableCell>
                                         <TableCell>
                                             <div className="flex justify-center gap-2">
-                                                <IconButton label="Voir" icon={<Eye className="w-4 h-4" />} className="border-gray-300" onClick={() => router.get(route('evaluation-types.show', item.id))} />
-                                                <IconButton label="Modifier" icon={<Pencil className="w-4 h-4" />} className="border-gray-300" onClick={() => router.get(route('evaluation-types.edit', item.id))} />
-                                                <IconButton label="Supprimer" icon={<Trash2 className="w-4 h-4" />} className="border-red-300 text-red-600 hover:bg-red-50" onClick={() => setDeleteId(item.id)} />
+                                                <IconButton label={t('parametres.common.view')} icon={<Eye className="w-4 h-4" />} className="border-gray-300" onClick={() => router.get(route('evaluation-types.show', item.id))} />
+                                                <IconButton label={t('parametres.common.edit')} icon={<Pencil className="w-4 h-4" />} className="border-gray-300" onClick={() => router.get(route('evaluation-types.edit', item.id))} />
+                                                <IconButton label={t('parametres.common.delete')} icon={<Trash2 className="w-4 h-4" />} className="border-red-300 text-red-600 hover:bg-red-50" onClick={() => setDeleteId(item.id)} />
                                             </div>
                                         </TableCell>
                                     </TableRow>
@@ -190,15 +193,15 @@ export default function Index({ evaluationTypes, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>
             <AlertDialog open={!!deleteId} onOpenChange={() => setDeleteId(null)}>
                 <AlertDialogContent>
                     <AlertDialogHeader>
-                        <AlertDialogTitle>Supprimer ce type ?</AlertDialogTitle>
+                        <AlertDialogTitle>{t('parametres.evaluation_types.delete_q')}</AlertDialogTitle>
                         <AlertDialogDescription>
-                            Cette action est irréversible.
+                            {t('parametres.common.irreversible')}
                         </AlertDialogDescription>
                     </AlertDialogHeader>
                     <div className="flex justify-end gap-2">
-                        <AlertDialogCancel>Annuler</AlertDialogCancel>
+                        <AlertDialogCancel>{t('parametres.common.cancel')}</AlertDialogCancel>
                         <AlertDialogAction className="bg-red-600 hover:bg-red-700" onClick={() => deleteId && onDelete(deleteId)}>
-                            Supprimer
+                            {t('parametres.common.delete')}
                         </AlertDialogAction>
                     </div>
                 </AlertDialogContent>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/EvaluationTypes/Show.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/EvaluationTypes/Show.tsx
index ec66ba54..b50ed445 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/EvaluationTypes/Show.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/EvaluationTypes/Show.tsx
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { Head, router } from '@inertiajs/react';
 import { ArrowLeft, Calendar, FileText, Pencil, Tag } from 'lucide-react';
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface EvaluationType {
@@ -17,7 +18,9 @@ interface ShowProps {
 }
 
 export default function Show({ evaluationType }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
-    const formatDate = (date: string) => new Date(date).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR', {
+    const { t, locale } = useTranslation();
+    const dateLocale = locale === 'en' ? 'en-GB' : 'fr-FR';
+    const formatDate = (date: string) => new Date(date).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale, {
         year: 'numeric',
         month: 'long',
         day: 'numeric',
@@ -37,12 +40,12 @@ export default function Show({ evaluationType }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                         </Button>
                         <div>
                             <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900">{evaluationType.name}</h1>
-                            <p className="text-gray-600 mt-2">Détails du type d'évaluation.</p>
+                            <p className="text-gray-600 mt-2">{t('parametres.evaluation_types.show_subtitle')}</p>
                         </div>
                     </div>
                     <Button className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700 gap-2" onClick={() => router.visit(route('evaluation-types.edit', evaluationType.id))}>
                         <Pencil className="w-4 h-4" />
-                        Modifier
+                        {t('parametres.common.edit')}
                     </Button>
                 </div>
 
@@ -53,10 +56,10 @@ export default function Show({ evaluationType }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                                 <div className="flex h-9 w-9 items-center justify-center rounded-full bg-blue-100">
                                     <Tag className="h-5 w-5 text-blue-600" />
                                 </div>
-                                <p className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">Informations principales</p>
+                                <p className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.evaluation_types.main_info')}</p>
                             </div>
                             <div className="rounded-xl bg-white/80 ring-1 ring-blue-100 px-4 py-3">
-                                <p className="text-xs uppercase tracking-wide text-gray-500">Nom</p>
+                                <p className="text-xs uppercase tracking-wide text-gray-500">{t('parametres.evaluation_types.name')}</p>
                                 <p className="font-semibold text-gray-900 mt-1">{evaluationType.name}</p>
                             </div>
                         </div>
@@ -66,10 +69,10 @@ export default function Show({ evaluationType }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                                 <div className="flex h-9 w-9 items-center justify-center rounded-full bg-violet-100">
                                     <FileText className="h-5 w-5 text-violet-600" />
                                 </div>
-                                <p className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">Description</p>
+                                <p className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.evaluation_types.description')}</p>
                             </div>
                             <p className="text-gray-700 whitespace-pre-wrap leading-relaxed">
-                                {evaluationType.description || 'Aucune description renseignée pour ce type d\'évaluation.'}
+                                {evaluationType.description || t('parametres.evaluation_types.no_description')}
                             </p>
                         </div>
                     </div>
@@ -80,14 +83,14 @@ export default function Show({ evaluationType }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                                 <div className="flex h-9 w-9 items-center justify-center rounded-full bg-emerald-100">
                                     <Calendar className="h-5 w-5 text-emerald-600" />
                                 </div>
-                                <p className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">Historique</p>
+                                <p className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.evaluation_types.history')}</p>
                             </div>
                             <div className="rounded-xl bg-white/80 ring-1 ring-emerald-100 px-4 py-3">
-                                <p className="text-xs uppercase tracking-wide text-gray-500">Créé le</p>
+                                <p className="text-xs uppercase tracking-wide text-gray-500">{t('parametres.evaluation_types.created_on')}</p>
                                 <p className="font-semibold text-gray-900 mt-1">{formatDate(evaluationType.created_at)}</p>
                             </div>
                             <div className="rounded-xl bg-white/80 ring-1 ring-emerald-100 px-4 py-3">
-                                <p className="text-xs uppercase tracking-wide text-gray-500">Modifié le</p>
+                                <p className="text-xs uppercase tracking-wide text-gray-500">{t('parametres.evaluation_types.updated_on')}</p>
                                 <p className="font-semibold text-gray-900 mt-1">{formatDate(evaluationType.updated_at)}</p>
                             </div>
                         </div>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/FeeCategories/Create.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/FeeCategories/Create.tsx
index fc0209a4..58230d51 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/FeeCategories/Create.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/FeeCategories/Create.tsx
@@ -4,9 +4,11 @@ import { useState } from 'react';
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 export default function Create() {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const [formData, setFormData] = useState({
         name: '',
         description: '',
@@ -30,7 +32,7 @@ export default function Create() {
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Nouvelle catégorie de frais" />
+            <Head title={t('parametres.fee_categories.create_head')} />
 
             <div className="space-y-6">
                 <div className="flex items-center gap-4">
@@ -42,7 +44,7 @@ export default function Create() {
                         <ArrowLeft className="w-5 h-5 text-gray-600" />
                     </button>
                     <div>
-                        <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900">Créer une catégorie de frais</h1>
+                        <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.fee_categories.create_title')}</h1>
                     </div>
                 </div>
 
@@ -51,11 +53,11 @@ export default function Create() {
                         <div className="rounded-2xl bg-linear-to-br from-amber-50 to-white ring-1 ring-amber-100 p-6 shadow-sm space-y-4">
                             <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-amber-700">
                                 <Tag className="h-4 w-4" />
-                                <p className="text-sm font-semibold">Identité de la catégorie</p>
+                                <p className="text-sm font-semibold">{t('parametres.fee_categories.identity')}</p>
                             </div>
                             <div>
                                 <label htmlFor="name" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
-                                    Nom *
+                                    {t('parametres.fee_categories.name_label')}
                                 </label>
                                 <Input
                                     id="name"
@@ -63,7 +65,7 @@ export default function Create() {
                                     value={formData.name}
                                     onChange={(event) => setFormData((prev) => ({ ...prev, name: event.target.value }))}
                                     className={`${errors.name ? 'border-red-500 bg-white/90' : 'border-slate-200 bg-white/90'}`}
-                                    placeholder="Ex: Frais de scolarité, Frais de cantine..."
+                                    placeholder={t('parametres.fee_categories.name_ph')}
                                 />
                                 {errors.name && <p className="text-red-600 text-sm mt-1">{errors.name}</p>}
                             </div>
@@ -72,11 +74,11 @@ export default function Create() {
                         <div className="rounded-2xl bg-linear-to-br from-cyan-50 to-white ring-1 ring-cyan-100 p-6 shadow-sm space-y-4">
                             <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-cyan-700">
                                 <FileText className="h-4 w-4" />
-                                <p className="text-sm font-semibold">Description</p>
+                                <p className="text-sm font-semibold">{t('parametres.fee_categories.description')}</p>
                             </div>
                             <div>
                                 <label htmlFor="description" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
-                                    Description
+                                    {t('parametres.fee_categories.description')}
                                 </label>
                                 <textarea
                                     id="description"
@@ -85,7 +87,7 @@ export default function Create() {
                                     className={`w-full px-3 py-2 rounded-lg bg-white/90 focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-cyan-500 ${
                                         errors.description ? 'border border-red-500' : 'border border-slate-200'
                                     }`}
-                                    placeholder="Décrivez cette catégorie de frais..."
+                                    placeholder={t('parametres.fee_categories.description_ph')}
                                     rows={4}
                                 />
                                 {errors.description && <p className="text-red-600 text-sm mt-1">{errors.description}</p>}
@@ -95,7 +97,7 @@ export default function Create() {
 
                     <div className="flex gap-3">
                         <Button type="submit" disabled={isSubmitting} className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700">
-                            {isSubmitting ? 'Création...' : 'Créer'}
+                            {isSubmitting ? t('parametres.common.creating') : t('parametres.fee_categories.create')}
                         </Button>
                         <Button
                             type="button"
@@ -103,7 +105,7 @@ export default function Create() {
                             className="border-slate-200 text-gray-700"
                             onClick={() => router.get(route('fee-categories.index'))}
                         >
-                            Annuler
+                            {t('parametres.common.cancel')}
                         </Button>
                     </div>
                 </form>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/FeeCategories/Edit.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/FeeCategories/Edit.tsx
index 20a9ae9c..7f2f45a5 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/FeeCategories/Edit.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/FeeCategories/Edit.tsx
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import { useState } from 'react';
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface FeeCategorie {
@@ -17,6 +18,7 @@ interface EditProps {
 }
 
 export default function Edit({ feeCategorie }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const [formData, setFormData] = useState({
         name: feeCategorie.name,
         description: feeCategorie.description || '',
@@ -40,7 +42,7 @@ export default function Edit({ feeCategorie }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Modifier la catégorie de frais" />
+            <Head title={t('parametres.fee_categories.edit_head')} />
 
             <div className="space-y-6">
                 <div className="flex items-center gap-4">
@@ -52,7 +54,7 @@ export default function Edit({ feeCategorie }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
                         <ArrowLeft className="w-5 h-5 text-gray-600" />
                     </button>
                     <div>
-                        <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900">Modifier la catégorie de frais</h1>
+                        <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.fee_categories.edit_title')}</h1>
                     </div>
                 </div>
 
@@ -61,11 +63,11 @@ export default function Edit({ feeCategorie }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
                         <div className="rounded-2xl bg-linear-to-br from-amber-50 to-white ring-1 ring-amber-100 p-6 shadow-sm space-y-4">
                             <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-amber-700">
                                 <Tag className="h-4 w-4" />
-                                <p className="text-sm font-semibold">Identité de la catégorie</p>
+                                <p className="text-sm font-semibold">{t('parametres.fee_categories.identity')}</p>
                             </div>
                             <div>
                                 <label htmlFor="name" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
-                                    Nom *
+                                    {t('parametres.fee_categories.name_label')}
                                 </label>
                                 <Input
                                     id="name"
@@ -73,7 +75,7 @@ export default function Edit({ feeCategorie }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
                                     value={formData.name}
                                     onChange={(event) => setFormData((prev) => ({ ...prev, name: event.target.value }))}
                                     className={`${errors.name ? 'border-red-500 bg-white/90' : 'border-slate-200 bg-white/90'}`}
-                                    placeholder="Ex: Frais de scolarité, Frais de cantine..."
+                                    placeholder={t('parametres.fee_categories.name_ph')}
                                 />
                                 {errors.name && <p className="text-red-600 text-sm mt-1">{errors.name}</p>}
                             </div>
@@ -82,11 +84,11 @@ export default function Edit({ feeCategorie }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
                         <div className="rounded-2xl bg-linear-to-br from-cyan-50 to-white ring-1 ring-cyan-100 p-6 shadow-sm space-y-4">
                             <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-cyan-700">
                                 <FileText className="h-4 w-4" />
-                                <p className="text-sm font-semibold">Description</p>
+                                <p className="text-sm font-semibold">{t('parametres.fee_categories.description')}</p>
                             </div>
                             <div>
                                 <label htmlFor="description" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
-                                    Description
+                                    {t('parametres.fee_categories.description')}
                                 </label>
                                 <textarea
                                     id="description"
@@ -95,7 +97,7 @@ export default function Edit({ feeCategorie }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
                                     className={`w-full px-3 py-2 rounded-lg bg-white/90 focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-cyan-500 ${
                                         errors.description ? 'border border-red-500' : 'border border-slate-200'
                                     }`}
-                                    placeholder="Décrivez cette catégorie de frais..."
+                                    placeholder={t('parametres.fee_categories.description_ph')}
                                     rows={4}
                                 />
                                 {errors.description && <p className="text-red-600 text-sm mt-1">{errors.description}</p>}
@@ -105,7 +107,7 @@ export default function Edit({ feeCategorie }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
 
                     <div className="flex gap-3">
                         <Button type="submit" disabled={isSubmitting} className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700">
-                            {isSubmitting ? 'Mise à jour...' : 'Mettre à jour'}
+                            {isSubmitting ? t('parametres.common.updating') : t('parametres.common.update')}
                         </Button>
                         <Button
                             type="button"
@@ -113,7 +115,7 @@ export default function Edit({ feeCategorie }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
                             className="border-slate-200 text-gray-700"
                             onClick={() => router.get(route('fee-categories.index'))}
                         >
-                            Annuler
+                            {t('parametres.common.cancel')}
                         </Button>
                     </div>
                 </form>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/FeeCategories/Index.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/FeeCategories/Index.tsx
index 7b37298f..a9836420 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/FeeCategories/Index.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/FeeCategories/Index.tsx
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ import {
     TableRow,
 } from '@/components/ui/table';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface FeeCategorie {
@@ -50,6 +51,8 @@ interface IndexProps {
 }
 
 export default function Index({ feeCategories, message, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>) {
+    const { t, locale } = useTranslation();
+    const dateLocale = locale === 'en' ? 'en-GB' : 'fr-FR';
     const [deleteConfirm, setDeleteConfirm] = useState<string | null>(null);
     const [isDeleting, setIsDeleting] = useState(false);
     const [searchQuery, setSearchQuery] = useState(filters.search || '');
@@ -90,25 +93,25 @@ export default function Index({ feeCategories, message, filters }: Readonly<Inde
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Catégories de frais" />
+            <Head title={t('parametres.fee_categories.head')} />
 
             <div className="space-y-6">
                 {/* Header avec titre et bouton */}
                 <div className="flex items-start justify-between">
                     <div>
                         <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3"><Percent className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />
-                            Catégories de frais
+                            {t('parametres.fee_categories.title')}
                         </h1>
                         <p className="mt-2 text-lg text-gray-600">
-                            Gérez les catégories de frais scolaires
+                            {t('parametres.fee_categories.subtitle')}
                         </p>
                     </div>
-                    <Button 
+                    <Button
                         onClick={() => router.get(route('fee-categories.create'))}
                         className="gap-2 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700"
                     >
                         <Plus className="w-5 h-5" />
-                        Nouvelle catégorie
+                        {t('parametres.fee_categories.new')}
                     </Button>
                 </div>
 
@@ -116,7 +119,7 @@ export default function Index({ feeCategories, message, filters }: Readonly<Inde
                 <div className="bg-linear-to-r from-blue-50 to-cyan-50 rounded-2xl p-6 ring-1 ring-blue-100 shadow-sm">
                     <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
                         <div>
-                            <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600">Catégories totales</p>
+                            <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600">{t('parametres.fee_categories.stat_total')}</p>
                             <p className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900 mt-2">{feeCategories.total}</p>
                         </div>
                         <Tag className="w-12 h-12 text-blue-600 opacity-20" />
@@ -129,7 +132,7 @@ export default function Index({ feeCategories, message, filters }: Readonly<Inde
                         <div className="flex-1 relative">
                             <Search className="absolute left-3 top-3 w-5 h-5 text-gray-400" />
                             <Input
-                                placeholder="Rechercher par nom ou description..."
+                                placeholder={t('parametres.fee_categories.search_ph')}
                                 className="pl-10 border-slate-200 focus:border-blue-500"
                                 value={searchQuery}
                                 onChange={(e) => setSearchQuery(e.target.value)}
@@ -166,10 +169,10 @@ export default function Index({ feeCategories, message, filters }: Readonly<Inde
                     <Table>
                         <TableHeader className="bg-gray-50 border-b border-slate-200">
                             <TableRow>
-                                <TableHead className="text-gray-700 font-semibold">Nom</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="text-gray-700 font-semibold">Description</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="text-gray-700 font-semibold">Date de création</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="text-gray-700 font-semibold text-right">Actions</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="text-gray-700 font-semibold">{t('parametres.fee_categories.th_name')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="text-gray-700 font-semibold">{t('parametres.fee_categories.th_description')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="text-gray-700 font-semibold">{t('parametres.fee_categories.th_created')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="text-gray-700 font-semibold text-right">{t('parametres.common.actions')}</TableHead>
                             </TableRow>
                         </TableHeader>
                         <TableBody>
@@ -181,24 +184,24 @@ export default function Index({ feeCategories, message, filters }: Readonly<Inde
                                             {category.description || '-'}
                                         </TableCell>
                                         <TableCell className="text-gray-600">
-                                            {new Date(category.created_at).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR')}
+                                            {new Date(category.created_at).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale)}
                                         </TableCell>
                                         <TableCell className="text-right">
                                             <div className="flex justify-end gap-2">
                                                 <IconButton
-                                                    label="Voir"
+                                                    label={t('parametres.common.view')}
                                                     icon={<Eye className="w-4 h-4" />}
                                                     className="border-slate-200 text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-100"
                                                     onClick={() => router.get(route('fee-categories.show', category.id))}
                                                 />
                                                 <IconButton
-                                                    label="Modifier"
+                                                    label={t('parametres.common.edit')}
                                                     icon={<Pencil className="w-4 h-4" />}
                                                     className="border-slate-200 text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-100"
                                                     onClick={() => router.get(route('fee-categories.edit', category.id))}
                                                 />
                                                 <IconButton
-                                                    label="Supprimer"
+                                                    label={t('parametres.common.delete')}
                                                     icon={<Trash2 className="w-4 h-4" />}
                                                     className="border-slate-200 text-gray-700 hover:bg-red-50 hover:text-red-600"
                                                     onClick={() => setDeleteConfirm(category.id)}
@@ -210,7 +213,7 @@ export default function Index({ feeCategories, message, filters }: Readonly<Inde
                             ) : (
                                 <TableRow>
                                     <TableCell colSpan={4} className="text-center py-8">
-                                        <p className="text-gray-600 font-medium">Aucune catégorie trouvée</p>
+                                        <p className="text-gray-600 font-medium">{t('parametres.fee_categories.empty')}</p>
                                     </TableCell>
                                 </TableRow>
                             )}
@@ -222,7 +225,7 @@ export default function Index({ feeCategories, message, filters }: Readonly<Inde
                 {feeCategories.last_page > 1 && (
                     <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
                         <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">
-                            Affichage {feeCategories.from} à {feeCategories.to} sur {feeCategories.total}
+                            {t('parametres.common.showing', { from: feeCategories.from, to: feeCategories.to, total: feeCategories.total })}
                         </p>
                         <div className="flex gap-2">
                             <Button
@@ -257,19 +260,19 @@ export default function Index({ feeCategories, message, filters }: Readonly<Inde
                 <AlertDialog open={!!deleteConfirm} onOpenChange={(open) => !open && setDeleteConfirm(null)}>
                     <AlertDialogContent>
                         <AlertDialogHeader>
-                            <AlertDialogTitle>Supprimer la catégorie</AlertDialogTitle>
+                            <AlertDialogTitle>{t('parametres.fee_categories.delete_title')}</AlertDialogTitle>
                             <AlertDialogDescription>
-                                Cette action ne peut pas être annulée. Êtes-vous sûr de vouloir supprimer cette catégorie?
+                                {t('parametres.fee_categories.delete_desc')}
                             </AlertDialogDescription>
                         </AlertDialogHeader>
                         <div className="flex justify-end gap-3">
-                            <AlertDialogCancel className="border-slate-200">Annuler</AlertDialogCancel>
+                            <AlertDialogCancel className="border-slate-200">{t('parametres.common.cancel')}</AlertDialogCancel>
                             <AlertDialogAction
                                 onClick={() => deleteConfirm && handleDelete(deleteConfirm)}
                                 disabled={isDeleting}
                                 className="bg-red-600 hover:bg-red-700"
                             >
-                                {isDeleting ? 'Suppression...' : 'Supprimer'}
+                                {isDeleting ? t('parametres.fee_categories.deleting') : t('parametres.common.delete')}
                             </AlertDialogAction>
                         </div>
                     </AlertDialogContent>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/FeeCategories/Show.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/FeeCategories/Show.tsx
index bafcf005..1532c9c7 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/FeeCategories/Show.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/FeeCategories/Show.tsx
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ import {
 } from '@/components/ui/alert-dialog';
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface FeeCategorie {
@@ -27,6 +28,8 @@ interface ShowProps {
 }
 
 export default function Show({ feeCategorie }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
+    const { t, locale } = useTranslation();
+    const dateLocale = locale === 'en' ? 'en-GB' : 'fr-FR';
     const [deleteConfirm, setDeleteConfirm] = useState(false);
     const [isDeleting, setIsDeleting] = useState(false);
 
@@ -45,7 +48,7 @@ export default function Show({ feeCategorie }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title={`Catégorie: ${feeCategorie.name}`} />
+            <Head title={t('parametres.fee_categories.show_head', { name: feeCategorie.name })} />
 
             <div className="space-y-6">
                 <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
@@ -58,7 +61,7 @@ export default function Show({ feeCategorie }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                             <ArrowLeft className="w-5 h-5 text-gray-600" />
                         </button>
                         <div>
-                            <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900">Détail de la catégorie</h1>
+                            <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.fee_categories.show_title')}</h1>
                         </div>
                     </div>
                     <div className="flex gap-3">
@@ -67,7 +70,7 @@ export default function Show({ feeCategorie }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                             className="gap-2 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700"
                         >
                             <Pencil className="w-4 h-4" />
-                            Modifier
+                            {t('parametres.common.edit')}
                         </Button>
                         <Button
                             onClick={() => setDeleteConfirm(true)}
@@ -75,7 +78,7 @@ export default function Show({ feeCategorie }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                             className="gap-2 border-red-300 text-red-600 hover:bg-red-50"
                         >
                             <Trash2 className="w-4 h-4" />
-                            Supprimer
+                            {t('parametres.common.delete')}
                         </Button>
                     </div>
                 </div>
@@ -84,13 +87,13 @@ export default function Show({ feeCategorie }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                     {/* Informations principales */}
                     <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-6">
                         <div className="rounded-xl bg-white/80 ring-1 ring-amber-100 p-4">
-                            <div className="text-sm font-medium text-amber-700 mb-2 flex items-center gap-2"><Tag className="h-4 w-4" />Nom</div>
+                            <div className="text-sm font-medium text-amber-700 mb-2 flex items-center gap-2"><Tag className="h-4 w-4" />{t('parametres.fee_categories.name')}</div>
                             <p className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">{feeCategorie.name}</p>
                         </div>
                         <div className="rounded-xl bg-white/80 ring-1 ring-amber-100 p-4">
-                            <div className="text-sm font-medium text-amber-700 mb-2 flex items-center gap-2"><CalendarDays className="h-4 w-4" />Créée le</div>
+                            <div className="text-sm font-medium text-amber-700 mb-2 flex items-center gap-2"><CalendarDays className="h-4 w-4" />{t('parametres.fee_categories.created_on')}</div>
                             <p className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">
-                                {new Date(feeCategorie.created_at).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR', {
+                                {new Date(feeCategorie.created_at).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale, {
                                     year: 'numeric',
                                     month: 'long',
                                     day: 'numeric',
@@ -103,9 +106,9 @@ export default function Show({ feeCategorie }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
 
                     {/* Description */}
                     <div className="rounded-xl bg-white/80 ring-1 ring-cyan-100 p-4">
-                        <div className="text-sm font-medium text-cyan-700 mb-2 flex items-center gap-2"><FileText className="h-4 w-4" />Description</div>
+                        <div className="text-sm font-medium text-cyan-700 mb-2 flex items-center gap-2"><FileText className="h-4 w-4" />{t('parametres.fee_categories.description')}</div>
                         <p className="text-gray-900 whitespace-pre-wrap bg-white rounded p-4 border border-slate-200">
-                            {feeCategorie.description || 'Aucune description fournie'}
+                            {feeCategorie.description || t('parametres.fee_categories.show_no_description')}
                         </p>
                     </div>
 
@@ -113,9 +116,9 @@ export default function Show({ feeCategorie }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                     <div className="pt-4 border-t border-slate-200">
                         <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-6">
                             <div>
-                                <div className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-600 mb-2">Dernière modification</div>
+                                <div className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-600 mb-2">{t('parametres.fee_categories.updated_on')}</div>
                                 <p className="text-sm text-gray-900">
-                                    {new Date(feeCategorie.updated_at).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR', {
+                                    {new Date(feeCategorie.updated_at).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale, {
                                         year: 'numeric',
                                         month: 'long',
                                         day: 'numeric',
@@ -125,7 +128,7 @@ export default function Show({ feeCategorie }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                                 </p>
                             </div>
                             <div>
-                                <div className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-600 mb-2">ID</div>
+                                <div className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-600 mb-2">{t('parametres.fee_categories.id')}</div>
                                 <p className="text-sm text-gray-600 font-mono">{feeCategorie.id}</p>
                             </div>
                         </div>
@@ -136,19 +139,19 @@ export default function Show({ feeCategorie }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                 <AlertDialog open={deleteConfirm} onOpenChange={setDeleteConfirm}>
                     <AlertDialogContent>
                         <AlertDialogHeader>
-                            <AlertDialogTitle>Supprimer la catégorie</AlertDialogTitle>
+                            <AlertDialogTitle>{t('parametres.fee_categories.delete_title')}</AlertDialogTitle>
                             <AlertDialogDescription>
-                                Cette action ne peut pas être annulée. Êtes-vous sûr de vouloir supprimer cette catégorie de frais?
+                                {t('parametres.fee_categories.delete_desc_show')}
                             </AlertDialogDescription>
                         </AlertDialogHeader>
                         <div className="flex justify-end gap-3">
-                            <AlertDialogCancel className="border-slate-200">Annuler</AlertDialogCancel>
+                            <AlertDialogCancel className="border-slate-200">{t('parametres.common.cancel')}</AlertDialogCancel>
                             <AlertDialogAction
                                 onClick={handleDelete}
                                 disabled={isDeleting}
                                 className="bg-red-600 hover:bg-red-700"
                             >
-                                {isDeleting ? 'Suppression...' : 'Supprimer'}
+                                {isDeleting ? t('parametres.fee_categories.deleting') : t('parametres.common.delete')}
                             </AlertDialogAction>
                         </div>
                     </AlertDialogContent>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/FeeStructures/Create.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/FeeStructures/Create.tsx
index fcf8ea90..16ed1ce3 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/FeeStructures/Create.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/FeeStructures/Create.tsx
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { Label } from '@/components/ui/label';
 import { Select, SelectContent, SelectItem, SelectTrigger, SelectValue } from '@/components/ui/select';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface FeeCategory {
@@ -26,6 +27,7 @@ interface CreateProps {
 }
 
 export default function Create({ activeYear, feeCategories, classrooms }: Readonly<CreateProps>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const currency = useCurrencySymbol();
     const { data, setData, post, processing, errors } = useForm({
         academic_year_id: activeYear?.id ?? '',
@@ -41,7 +43,7 @@ export default function Create({ activeYear, feeCategories, classrooms }: Readon
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Nouvelle structure de frais" />
+            <Head title={t('parametres.fee_structures.create_head')} />
 
             <div className="space-y-6">
                 <div className="flex items-center gap-4">
@@ -52,16 +54,16 @@ export default function Create({ activeYear, feeCategories, classrooms }: Readon
                         className="text-gray-600 hover:text-gray-900"
                     >
                         <ArrowLeft className="h-4 w-4 mr-2" />
-                        Retour
+                        {t('parametres.fee_structures.back')}
                     </Button>
                 </div>
 
                 <div>
                     <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3"><DollarSign className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />
-                        Nouvelle structure de frais
+                        {t('parametres.fee_structures.create_title')}
                     </h1>
                     <p className="mt-3 text-base text-gray-600">
-                        Créez une nouvelle structure de frais pour une année académique, catégorie et classe
+                        {t('parametres.fee_structures.create_subtitle')}
                     </p>
                 </div>
 
@@ -70,19 +72,19 @@ export default function Create({ activeYear, feeCategories, classrooms }: Readon
                     <div className="rounded-2xl bg-linear-to-br from-indigo-50 to-white ring-1 ring-indigo-100 p-6 space-y-4">
                         <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-indigo-700">
                             <CalendarDays className="h-4 w-4" />
-                            <p className="text-sm font-semibold">Contexte académique</p>
+                            <p className="text-sm font-semibold">{t('parametres.fee_structures.section_academic')}</p>
                         </div>
                         <div className="space-y-2">
-                        <Label>Année académique active</Label>
+                        <Label>{t('parametres.fee_structures.active_year')}</Label>
                         {activeYear ? (
                             <div className="flex items-center gap-2 rounded-md border border-slate-200 bg-white/90 px-3 py-2">
                                 <span className="text-base font-semibold text-gray-900">{activeYear.year}</span>
-                                <span className="text-xs rounded-full bg-indigo-100 text-indigo-700 px-2 py-0.5">active</span>
+                                <span className="text-xs rounded-full bg-indigo-100 text-indigo-700 px-2 py-0.5">{t('parametres.fee_structures.active_badge')}</span>
                             </div>
                         ) : (
-                            <p className="text-sm text-red-600">Aucune année académique active. Activez-en une d'abord.</p>
+                            <p className="text-sm text-red-600">{t('parametres.fee_structures.no_active_year')}</p>
                         )}
-                        <p className="text-xs text-gray-500">La structure est automatiquement rattachée à l'année active.</p>
+                        <p className="text-xs text-gray-500">{t('parametres.fee_structures.auto_attach')}</p>
                         {errors.academic_year_id && (
                             <p className="text-sm text-red-600">{errors.academic_year_id}</p>
                         )}
@@ -92,18 +94,18 @@ export default function Create({ activeYear, feeCategories, classrooms }: Readon
                     <div className="rounded-2xl bg-linear-to-br from-amber-50 to-white ring-1 ring-amber-100 p-6 space-y-4">
                         <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-amber-700">
                             <Layers className="h-4 w-4" />
-                            <p className="text-sm font-semibold">Catégorie de frais</p>
+                            <p className="text-sm font-semibold">{t('parametres.fee_structures.field_category')}</p>
                         </div>
                         <div className="space-y-2">
                         <Label htmlFor="fee_category_id">
-                            Catégorie de frais <span className="text-red-600">*</span>
+                            {t('parametres.fee_structures.field_category')} <span className="text-red-600">*</span>
                         </Label>
                         <Select
                             value={data.fee_category_id}
                             onValueChange={(value) => setData('fee_category_id', value)}
                         >
                             <SelectTrigger id="fee_category_id" className="border-slate-200 bg-white/90">
-                                <SelectValue placeholder="Sélectionner une catégorie" />
+                                <SelectValue placeholder={t('parametres.fee_structures.field_category_ph')} />
                             </SelectTrigger>
                             <SelectContent>
                                 {feeCategories.map((category) => (
@@ -122,18 +124,18 @@ export default function Create({ activeYear, feeCategories, classrooms }: Readon
                     <div className="rounded-2xl bg-linear-to-br from-sky-50 to-white ring-1 ring-sky-100 p-6 space-y-4">
                         <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-sky-700">
                             <School className="h-4 w-4" />
-                            <p className="text-sm font-semibold">Classe concernée</p>
+                            <p className="text-sm font-semibold">{t('parametres.fee_structures.field_class_section')}</p>
                         </div>
                         <div className="space-y-2">
                         <Label htmlFor="class_id">
-                            Classe <span className="text-red-600">*</span>
+                            {t('parametres.fee_structures.field_class')} <span className="text-red-600">*</span>
                         </Label>
                         <Select
                             value={data.class_id}
                             onValueChange={(value) => setData('class_id', value)}
                         >
                             <SelectTrigger id="class_id" className="border-slate-200 bg-white/90">
-                                <SelectValue placeholder="Sélectionner une classe" />
+                                <SelectValue placeholder={t('parametres.fee_structures.field_class_ph')} />
                             </SelectTrigger>
                             <SelectContent>
                                 {classrooms.map((classroom) => (
@@ -152,18 +154,18 @@ export default function Create({ activeYear, feeCategories, classrooms }: Readon
                     <div className="rounded-2xl bg-linear-to-br from-emerald-50 to-white ring-1 ring-emerald-100 p-6 space-y-4">
                         <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-emerald-700">
                             <Banknote className="h-4 w-4" />
-                            <p className="text-sm font-semibold">Montant</p>
+                            <p className="text-sm font-semibold">{t('parametres.fee_structures.field_amount')}</p>
                         </div>
                         <div className="space-y-2">
                         <Label htmlFor="amount">
-                            Montant ({currency}) <span className="text-red-600">*</span>
+                            {t('parametres.fee_structures.field_amount_currency', { currency })} <span className="text-red-600">*</span>
                         </Label>
                         <Input
                             id="amount"
                             type="number"
                             step="0.01"
                             min="0"
-                            placeholder="Ex: 50000"
+                            placeholder={t('parametres.fee_structures.field_amount_ph')}
                             value={data.amount}
                             onChange={(e) => setData('amount', e.target.value)}
                             className="border-slate-200 bg-white/90"
@@ -183,14 +185,14 @@ export default function Create({ activeYear, feeCategories, classrooms }: Readon
                             disabled={processing}
                             className="border-slate-200"
                         >
-                            Annuler
+                            {t('parametres.fee_structures.cancel')}
                         </Button>
                         <Button
                             type="submit"
                             disabled={processing || !activeYear}
                             className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700"
                         >
-                            {processing ? 'Enregistrement...' : 'Enregistrer'}
+                            {processing ? t('parametres.fee_structures.saving') : t('parametres.fee_structures.save')}
                         </Button>
                     </div>
                 </form>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/FeeStructures/Edit.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/FeeStructures/Edit.tsx
index fbe607ee..5efd63fa 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/FeeStructures/Edit.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/FeeStructures/Edit.tsx
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { Label } from '@/components/ui/label';
 import { Select, SelectContent, SelectItem, SelectTrigger, SelectValue } from '@/components/ui/select';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface AcademicYear {
@@ -40,6 +41,7 @@ interface EditProps {
 }
 
 export default function Edit({ feeStructure, academicYears, feeCategories, classrooms }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const currency = useCurrencySymbol();
     const { data, setData, put, processing, errors } = useForm({
         academic_year_id: feeStructure.academic_year_id,
@@ -55,7 +57,7 @@ export default function Edit({ feeStructure, academicYears, feeCategories, class
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Modifier la structure de frais" />
+            <Head title={t('parametres.fee_structures.edit_head')} />
 
             <div className="space-y-6">
                 <div className="flex items-center gap-4">
@@ -66,16 +68,16 @@ export default function Edit({ feeStructure, academicYears, feeCategories, class
                         className="text-gray-600 hover:text-gray-900"
                     >
                         <ArrowLeft className="h-4 w-4 mr-2" />
-                        Retour
+                        {t('parametres.fee_structures.back')}
                     </Button>
                 </div>
 
                 <div>
                     <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3"><DollarSign className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />
-                        Modifier la structure de frais
+                        {t('parametres.fee_structures.edit_title')}
                     </h1>
                     <p className="mt-3 text-base text-gray-600">
-                        Modifiez les informations de cette structure de frais
+                        {t('parametres.fee_structures.edit_subtitle')}
                     </p>
                 </div>
 
@@ -84,18 +86,18 @@ export default function Edit({ feeStructure, academicYears, feeCategories, class
                     <div className="rounded-2xl bg-linear-to-br from-indigo-50 to-white ring-1 ring-indigo-100 p-6 space-y-4">
                         <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-indigo-700">
                             <CalendarDays className="h-4 w-4" />
-                            <p className="text-sm font-semibold">Contexte académique</p>
+                            <p className="text-sm font-semibold">{t('parametres.fee_structures.section_academic')}</p>
                         </div>
                         <div className="space-y-2">
                         <Label htmlFor="academic_year_id">
-                            Année académique <span className="text-red-600">*</span>
+                            {t('parametres.fee_structures.field_year')} <span className="text-red-600">*</span>
                         </Label>
                         <Select
                             value={data.academic_year_id}
                             onValueChange={(value) => setData('academic_year_id', value)}
                         >
                             <SelectTrigger id="academic_year_id" className="border-slate-200 bg-white/90">
-                                <SelectValue placeholder="Sélectionner une année académique" />
+                                <SelectValue placeholder={t('parametres.fee_structures.field_year_ph')} />
                             </SelectTrigger>
                             <SelectContent>
                                 {academicYears.map((year) => (
@@ -114,18 +116,18 @@ export default function Edit({ feeStructure, academicYears, feeCategories, class
                     <div className="rounded-2xl bg-linear-to-br from-amber-50 to-white ring-1 ring-amber-100 p-6 space-y-4">
                         <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-amber-700">
                             <Layers className="h-4 w-4" />
-                            <p className="text-sm font-semibold">Catégorie de frais</p>
+                            <p className="text-sm font-semibold">{t('parametres.fee_structures.field_category')}</p>
                         </div>
                         <div className="space-y-2">
                         <Label htmlFor="fee_category_id">
-                            Catégorie de frais <span className="text-red-600">*</span>
+                            {t('parametres.fee_structures.field_category')} <span className="text-red-600">*</span>
                         </Label>
                         <Select
                             value={data.fee_category_id}
                             onValueChange={(value) => setData('fee_category_id', value)}
                         >
                             <SelectTrigger id="fee_category_id" className="border-slate-200 bg-white/90">
-                                <SelectValue placeholder="Sélectionner une catégorie" />
+                                <SelectValue placeholder={t('parametres.fee_structures.field_category_ph')} />
                             </SelectTrigger>
                             <SelectContent>
                                 {feeCategories.map((category) => (
@@ -144,18 +146,18 @@ export default function Edit({ feeStructure, academicYears, feeCategories, class
                     <div className="rounded-2xl bg-linear-to-br from-sky-50 to-white ring-1 ring-sky-100 p-6 space-y-4">
                         <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-sky-700">
                             <School className="h-4 w-4" />
-                            <p className="text-sm font-semibold">Classe concernée</p>
+                            <p className="text-sm font-semibold">{t('parametres.fee_structures.field_class_section')}</p>
                         </div>
                         <div className="space-y-2">
                         <Label htmlFor="class_id">
-                            Classe <span className="text-red-600">*</span>
+                            {t('parametres.fee_structures.field_class')} <span className="text-red-600">*</span>
                         </Label>
                         <Select
                             value={data.class_id}
                             onValueChange={(value) => setData('class_id', value)}
                         >
                             <SelectTrigger id="class_id" className="border-slate-200 bg-white/90">
-                                <SelectValue placeholder="Sélectionner une classe" />
+                                <SelectValue placeholder={t('parametres.fee_structures.field_class_ph')} />
                             </SelectTrigger>
                             <SelectContent>
                                 {classrooms.map((classroom) => (
@@ -174,18 +176,18 @@ export default function Edit({ feeStructure, academicYears, feeCategories, class
                     <div className="rounded-2xl bg-linear-to-br from-emerald-50 to-white ring-1 ring-emerald-100 p-6 space-y-4">
                         <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-emerald-700">
                             <Banknote className="h-4 w-4" />
-                            <p className="text-sm font-semibold">Montant</p>
+                            <p className="text-sm font-semibold">{t('parametres.fee_structures.field_amount')}</p>
                         </div>
                         <div className="space-y-2">
                         <Label htmlFor="amount">
-                            Montant ({currency}) <span className="text-red-600">*</span>
+                            {t('parametres.fee_structures.field_amount_currency', { currency })} <span className="text-red-600">*</span>
                         </Label>
                         <Input
                             id="amount"
                             type="number"
                             step="0.01"
                             min="0"
-                            placeholder="Ex: 50000"
+                            placeholder={t('parametres.fee_structures.field_amount_ph')}
                             value={data.amount}
                             onChange={(e) => setData('amount', e.target.value)}
                             className="border-slate-200 bg-white/90"
@@ -205,14 +207,14 @@ export default function Edit({ feeStructure, academicYears, feeCategories, class
                             disabled={processing}
                             className="border-slate-200"
                         >
-                            Annuler
+                            {t('parametres.fee_structures.cancel')}
                         </Button>
                         <Button
                             type="submit"
                             disabled={processing}
                             className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700"
                         >
-                            {processing ? 'Mise à jour...' : 'Mettre à jour'}
+                            {processing ? t('parametres.fee_structures.updating') : t('parametres.fee_structures.update')}
                         </Button>
                     </div>
                 </form>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/FeeStructures/Index.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/FeeStructures/Index.tsx
index b493e051..f727dd61 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/FeeStructures/Index.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/FeeStructures/Index.tsx
@@ -30,6 +30,7 @@ import {
     TableRow,
 } from '@/components/ui/table';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface AcademicYear {
@@ -95,6 +96,7 @@ interface IndexProps {
 }
 
 export default function Index({ feeStructures, academicYears, feeCategories, classrooms, stats, message, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const [deleteConfirm, setDeleteConfirm] = useState<string | null>(null);
     const [isDeleting, setIsDeleting] = useState(false);
     const [searchQuery, setSearchQuery] = useState(filters.search || '');
@@ -183,17 +185,17 @@ export default function Index({ feeStructures, academicYears, feeCategories, cla
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Structures de frais" />
+            <Head title={t('parametres.fee_structures.head')} />
 
             <div className="space-y-6">
                 {/* Header avec titre et bouton */}
                 <div className="flex items-start justify-between">
                     <div>
                         <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3"><DollarSign className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />
-                            Structures de frais
+                            {t('parametres.fee_structures.title')}
                         </h1>
                         <p className="mt-3 text-base text-gray-600">
-                            Gérez les montants des frais par catégorie, classe et année académique
+                            {t('parametres.fee_structures.subtitle')}
                         </p>
                     </div>
                     <div className="flex gap-3">
@@ -203,14 +205,14 @@ export default function Index({ feeStructures, academicYears, feeCategories, cla
                             className="border-indigo-300 text-indigo-600 hover:bg-indigo-50"
                         >
                             <Copy className="h-4 w-4 mr-2" />
-                            Répliquer une année
+                            {t('parametres.fee_structures.replicate_year')}
                         </Button>
                         <Button
                             onClick={() => router.visit(route('fee-structures.create'))}
                             className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700 text-white"
                         >
                             <Plus className="h-4 w-4 mr-2" />
-                            Nouvelle structure
+                            {t('parametres.fee_structures.new')}
                         </Button>
                     </div>
                 </div>
@@ -230,7 +232,7 @@ export default function Index({ feeStructures, academicYears, feeCategories, cla
                                 <DollarSign className="h-6 w-6 text-blue-600" />
                             </div>
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600">Montant total</p>
+                                <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600">{t('parametres.fee_structures.stat_total')}</p>
                                 <p className="text-2xl font-bold text-blue-700">{formatMoney(stats.amount_total)}</p>
                             </div>
                         </div>
@@ -241,7 +243,7 @@ export default function Index({ feeStructures, academicYears, feeCategories, cla
                                 <TrendingUp className="h-6 w-6 text-emerald-600" />
                             </div>
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600">Montant moyen</p>
+                                <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600">{t('parametres.fee_structures.stat_average')}</p>
                                 <p className="text-2xl font-bold text-emerald-700">{formatMoney(stats.amount_avg)}</p>
                             </div>
                         </div>
@@ -252,7 +254,7 @@ export default function Index({ feeStructures, academicYears, feeCategories, cla
                                 <School className="h-6 w-6 text-amber-600" />
                             </div>
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600">Classes couvertes</p>
+                                <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600">{t('parametres.fee_structures.stat_classes')}</p>
                                 <p className="text-2xl font-bold text-amber-700">{stats.classes_covered}</p>
                             </div>
                         </div>
@@ -263,7 +265,7 @@ export default function Index({ feeStructures, academicYears, feeCategories, cla
                                 <Layers className="h-6 w-6 text-violet-600" />
                             </div>
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600">Catégories couvertes</p>
+                                <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600">{t('parametres.fee_structures.stat_categories')}</p>
                                 <p className="text-2xl font-bold text-violet-700">{stats.categories_covered}</p>
                             </div>
                         </div>
@@ -274,9 +276,9 @@ export default function Index({ feeStructures, academicYears, feeCategories, cla
                                 <TrendingUp className="h-6 w-6 text-rose-600" />
                             </div>
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600">Écart min/max</p>
+                                <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600">{t('parametres.fee_structures.stat_gap')}</p>
                                 <p className="text-2xl font-bold text-rose-700">{formatMoney(stats.amount_range)}</p>
-                                <p className="text-xs text-gray-500">Min {formatMoney(stats.amount_min)} | Max {formatMoney(stats.amount_max)}</p>
+                                <p className="text-xs text-gray-500">{t('parametres.fee_structures.stat_gap_detail', { min: formatMoney(stats.amount_min), max: formatMoney(stats.amount_max) })}</p>
                             </div>
                         </div>
                     </div>
@@ -289,7 +291,7 @@ export default function Index({ feeStructures, academicYears, feeCategories, cla
                             <Search className="absolute left-3 top-1/2 -translate-y-1/2 h-5 w-5 text-gray-400" />
                             <Input
                                 type="text"
-                                placeholder="Rechercher par catégorie, classe ou année..."
+                                placeholder={t('parametres.fee_structures.search_ph')}
                                 value={searchQuery}
                                 onChange={(e) => setSearchQuery(e.target.value)}
                                 onKeyDown={handleKeyPress}
@@ -298,21 +300,21 @@ export default function Index({ feeStructures, academicYears, feeCategories, cla
                         </div>
                         <Select value={academicYearId} onValueChange={setAcademicYearId}>
                             <SelectTrigger className="border-slate-200">
-                                <SelectValue placeholder="Année académique" />
+                                <SelectValue placeholder={t('parametres.fee_structures.filter_year')} />
                             </SelectTrigger>
                             <SelectContent>
-                                <SelectItem value="all">Toutes les années</SelectItem>
+                                <SelectItem value="all">{t('parametres.fee_structures.filter_all_years')}</SelectItem>
                                 {academicYears.map((year) => (
-                                    <SelectItem key={year.id} value={year.id}>{year.year}{year.active ? ' (active)' : ''}</SelectItem>
+                                    <SelectItem key={year.id} value={year.id}>{year.year}{year.active ? t('parametres.fee_structures.active_suffix') : ''}</SelectItem>
                                 ))}
                             </SelectContent>
                         </Select>
                         <Select value={feeCategoryId} onValueChange={setFeeCategoryId}>
                             <SelectTrigger className="border-slate-200">
-                                <SelectValue placeholder="Catégorie" />
+                                <SelectValue placeholder={t('parametres.fee_structures.filter_category')} />
                             </SelectTrigger>
                             <SelectContent>
-                                <SelectItem value="all">Toutes les catégories</SelectItem>
+                                <SelectItem value="all">{t('parametres.fee_structures.filter_all_categories')}</SelectItem>
                                 {feeCategories.map((category) => (
                                     <SelectItem key={category.id} value={category.id}>{category.name}</SelectItem>
                                 ))}
@@ -320,10 +322,10 @@ export default function Index({ feeStructures, academicYears, feeCategories, cla
                         </Select>
                         <Select value={classId} onValueChange={setClassId}>
                             <SelectTrigger className="border-slate-200">
-                                <SelectValue placeholder="Classe" />
+                                <SelectValue placeholder={t('parametres.fee_structures.filter_class')} />
                             </SelectTrigger>
                             <SelectContent>
-                                <SelectItem value="all">Toutes les classes</SelectItem>
+                                <SelectItem value="all">{t('parametres.fee_structures.filter_all_classes')}</SelectItem>
                                 {classrooms.map((classroom) => (
                                     <SelectItem key={classroom.id} value={classroom.id}>{classroom.name} ({classroom.code})</SelectItem>
                                 ))}
@@ -332,7 +334,7 @@ export default function Index({ feeStructures, academicYears, feeCategories, cla
                         <Input
                             type="number"
                             min="0"
-                            placeholder="Montant min"
+                            placeholder={t('parametres.fee_structures.filter_amount_min')}
                             value={minAmount}
                             onChange={(e) => setMinAmount(e.target.value)}
                             className="border-slate-200"
@@ -340,7 +342,7 @@ export default function Index({ feeStructures, academicYears, feeCategories, cla
                         <Input
                             type="number"
                             min="0"
-                            placeholder="Montant max"
+                            placeholder={t('parametres.fee_structures.filter_amount_max')}
                             value={maxAmount}
                             onChange={(e) => setMaxAmount(e.target.value)}
                             className="border-slate-200"
@@ -352,7 +354,7 @@ export default function Index({ feeStructures, academicYears, feeCategories, cla
                             className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700"
                         >
                             <Search className="h-4 w-4 mr-2" />
-                            Rechercher
+                            {t('parametres.fee_structures.search')}
                         </Button>
                         <Button
                             variant="outline"
@@ -360,10 +362,10 @@ export default function Index({ feeStructures, academicYears, feeCategories, cla
                             className="border-slate-200"
                         >
                             <X className="h-4 w-4 mr-2" />
-                            Réinitialiser
+                            {t('parametres.fee_structures.reset')}
                         </Button>
                         <div className="text-sm text-gray-600 self-center">
-                            {stats.count} structure(s) filtrée(s) | Max: {formatMoney(stats.amount_max)}
+                            {t('parametres.fee_structures.filtered_count', { count: stats.count, max: formatMoney(stats.amount_max) })}
                         </div>
                     </div>
                 </div>
@@ -374,11 +376,11 @@ export default function Index({ feeStructures, academicYears, feeCategories, cla
                     <Table>
                         <TableHeader className="bg-gray-50">
                             <TableRow className="border-b border-gray-200">
-                                <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Année académique</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Catégorie</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Classe</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Montant</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900 text-center">Actions</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.fee_structures.col_year')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.fee_structures.col_category')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.fee_structures.col_class')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.fee_structures.col_amount')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900 text-center">{t('parametres.fee_structures.col_actions')}</TableHead>
                             </TableRow>
                         </TableHeader>
                         <TableBody>
@@ -387,7 +389,7 @@ export default function Index({ feeStructures, academicYears, feeCategories, cla
                                     <TableCell colSpan={5} className="text-center py-12 text-gray-500">
                                         <div className="flex flex-col items-center gap-2">
                                             <DollarSign className="w-12 h-12 text-gray-300" />
-                                            <p className="text-lg">Aucune structure de frais trouvée</p>
+                                            <p className="text-lg">{t('parametres.fee_structures.empty')}</p>
                                         </div>
                                     </TableCell>
                                 </TableRow>
@@ -456,7 +458,7 @@ export default function Index({ feeStructures, academicYears, feeCategories, cla
                     {feeStructures.last_page > 1 && (
                         <div className="flex items-center justify-between border-t border-gray-100 bg-white px-6 py-4">
                             <div className="text-sm text-gray-600">
-                                Affichage de {feeStructures.from} à {feeStructures.to} sur {feeStructures.total} résultats
+                                {t('parametres.fee_structures.pagination', { from: feeStructures.from, to: feeStructures.to, total: feeStructures.total })}
                             </div>
                             <div className="flex gap-2">
                                 <Button
@@ -493,19 +495,19 @@ export default function Index({ feeStructures, academicYears, feeCategories, cla
             <AlertDialog open={!!deleteConfirm} onOpenChange={() => setDeleteConfirm(null)}>
                 <AlertDialogContent>
                     <AlertDialogHeader>
-                        <AlertDialogTitle>Confirmer la suppression</AlertDialogTitle>
+                        <AlertDialogTitle>{t('parametres.fee_structures.delete_title')}</AlertDialogTitle>
                         <AlertDialogDescription>
-                            Êtes-vous sûr de vouloir supprimer cette structure de frais ? Cette action est irréversible.
+                            {t('parametres.fee_structures.delete_desc')}
                         </AlertDialogDescription>
                     </AlertDialogHeader>
                     <div className="flex justify-end gap-3">
-                        <AlertDialogCancel disabled={isDeleting}>Annuler</AlertDialogCancel>
+                        <AlertDialogCancel disabled={isDeleting}>{t('parametres.fee_structures.cancel')}</AlertDialogCancel>
                         <AlertDialogAction
                             onClick={() => deleteConfirm && handleDelete(deleteConfirm)}
                             disabled={isDeleting}
                             className="bg-red-600 hover:bg-red-700"
                         >
-                            {isDeleting ? 'Suppression...' : 'Supprimer'}
+                            {isDeleting ? t('parametres.fee_structures.deleting') : t('parametres.fee_structures.delete')}
                         </AlertDialogAction>
                     </div>
                 </AlertDialogContent>
@@ -515,24 +517,23 @@ export default function Index({ feeStructures, academicYears, feeCategories, cla
             <Dialog open={replicateOpen} onOpenChange={setReplicateOpen}>
                 <DialogContent>
                     <DialogHeader>
-                        <DialogTitle>Répliquer les structures de frais</DialogTitle>
+                        <DialogTitle>{t('parametres.fee_structures.replicate_title')}</DialogTitle>
                         <DialogDescription>
-                            Copie toutes les structures (et leurs tranches) d'une année vers l'année active.
-                            Les combinaisons catégorie / classe déjà présentes sont ignorées.
+                            {t('parametres.fee_structures.replicate_desc')}
                         </DialogDescription>
                     </DialogHeader>
 
                     {activeYear ? (
                         <div className="space-y-4 py-2">
                             <div className="rounded-lg bg-indigo-50 ring-1 ring-indigo-100 p-3 text-sm">
-                                <span className="text-gray-600">Année cible (active) :</span>
+                                <span className="text-gray-600">{t('parametres.fee_structures.replicate_target')}</span>
                                 <span className="font-semibold text-indigo-700 ml-2">{activeYear.year}</span>
                             </div>
                             <div className="space-y-2">
-                                <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Année source *</label>
+                                <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('parametres.fee_structures.replicate_source')}</label>
                                 <Select value={sourceYearId} onValueChange={setSourceYearId}>
                                     <SelectTrigger>
-                                        <SelectValue placeholder="Choisir l'année à copier" />
+                                        <SelectValue placeholder={t('parametres.fee_structures.replicate_source_ph')} />
                                     </SelectTrigger>
                                     <SelectContent>
                                         {academicYears.filter((y) => y.id !== activeYear.id).map((y) => (
@@ -542,20 +543,20 @@ export default function Index({ feeStructures, academicYears, feeCategories, cla
                                 </Select>
                             </div>
                             <div className="flex justify-end gap-2 pt-2">
-                                <Button variant="outline" onClick={() => setReplicateOpen(false)}>Annuler</Button>
+                                <Button variant="outline" onClick={() => setReplicateOpen(false)}>{t('parametres.fee_structures.cancel')}</Button>
                                 <Button
                                     onClick={handleReplicate}
                                     disabled={!sourceYearId || replicating}
                                     className="bg-indigo-600 hover:bg-indigo-700"
                                 >
                                     <Copy className="h-4 w-4 mr-2" />
-                                    {replicating ? 'Réplication...' : 'Répliquer'}
+                                    {replicating ? t('parametres.fee_structures.replicating') : t('parametres.fee_structures.replicate')}
                                 </Button>
                             </div>
                         </div>
                     ) : (
                         <p className="text-sm text-red-600 py-4">
-                            Aucune année académique active. Activez une année avant de répliquer.
+                            {t('parametres.fee_structures.replicate_no_active')}
                         </p>
                     )}
                 </DialogContent>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/FeeStructures/Show.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/FeeStructures/Show.tsx
index 4e76b689..2127cbd9 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/FeeStructures/Show.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/FeeStructures/Show.tsx
@@ -20,6 +20,7 @@ import {
     DialogTitle,
 } from '@/components/ui/dialog';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface AcademicYear {
@@ -65,6 +66,8 @@ interface ShowProps {
 const uid = () => (typeof crypto !== 'undefined' && crypto.randomUUID ? crypto.randomUUID() : Math.random().toString(36).slice(2));
 
 export default function Show({ feeStructure }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
+    const { t, locale } = useTranslation();
+    const dateLocale = locale === 'en' ? 'en-GB' : 'fr-FR';
     const [deleteConfirm, setDeleteConfirm] = useState(false);
     const [isDeleting, setIsDeleting] = useState(false);
     const [installmentsModal, setInstallmentsModal] = useState(false);
@@ -92,7 +95,7 @@ export default function Show({ feeStructure }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
         }, 0);
 
         if (newTotal > feeStructure.amount) {
-            setInstallmentsError(`Le total des tranches (${formatMoney(newTotal)}) dépasse le montant de la structure (${formatMoney(feeStructure.amount)})`);
+            setInstallmentsError(t('parametres.fee_structures.total_exceeds', { total: formatMoney(newTotal), amount: formatMoney(feeStructure.amount) }));
         } else {
             setInstallmentsError('');
         }
@@ -109,7 +112,7 @@ export default function Show({ feeStructure }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
         }, 0);
 
         if (newTotal > feeStructure.amount) {
-            setInstallmentsError(`Le total des tranches (${formatMoney(newTotal)}) dépasse le montant de la structure (${formatMoney(feeStructure.amount)})`);
+            setInstallmentsError(t('parametres.fee_structures.total_exceeds', { total: formatMoney(newTotal), amount: formatMoney(feeStructure.amount) }));
         } else {
             setInstallmentsError('');
         }
@@ -127,7 +130,7 @@ export default function Show({ feeStructure }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
         }, 0);
 
         if (newTotal > feeStructure.amount) {
-            setInstallmentsError(`Le total des tranches (${formatMoney(newTotal)}) dépasse le montant de la structure (${formatMoney(feeStructure.amount)})`);
+            setInstallmentsError(t('parametres.fee_structures.total_exceeds', { total: formatMoney(newTotal), amount: formatMoney(feeStructure.amount) }));
         } else {
             setInstallmentsError('');
         }
@@ -164,7 +167,7 @@ export default function Show({ feeStructure }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Détails de la structure de frais" />
+            <Head title={t('parametres.fee_structures.show_head')} />
 
             <div className="space-y-6">
                 {/* Header */}
@@ -177,7 +180,7 @@ export default function Show({ feeStructure }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                             className="text-gray-600 hover:text-gray-900"
                         >
                             <ArrowLeft className="h-4 w-4 mr-2" />
-                            Retour
+                            {t('parametres.fee_structures.back')}
                         </Button>
                     </div>
                     <div className="flex gap-3">
@@ -200,7 +203,7 @@ export default function Show({ feeStructure }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                             className="border-blue-300 text-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-50"
                         >
                             <Layers className="h-4 w-4 mr-2" />
-                            Gérer les tranches
+                            {t('parametres.fee_structures.manage_installments')}
                         </Button>
                         <Button
                             variant="outline"
@@ -208,7 +211,7 @@ export default function Show({ feeStructure }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                             className="border-slate-200"
                         >
                             <Pencil className="h-4 w-4 mr-2" />
-                            Modifier
+                            {t('parametres.fee_structures.edit')}
                         </Button>
                         <Button
                             variant="outline"
@@ -216,7 +219,7 @@ export default function Show({ feeStructure }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                             className="border-red-300 text-red-600 hover:bg-red-50"
                         >
                             <Trash2 className="h-4 w-4 mr-2" />
-                            Supprimer
+                            {t('parametres.fee_structures.delete')}
                         </Button>
                     </div>
                 </div>
@@ -228,7 +231,7 @@ export default function Show({ feeStructure }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                         </div>
                         <div>
                             <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900">
-                                Structure de frais
+                                {t('parametres.fee_structures.show_heading')}
                             </h1>
                             <p className="text-lg text-gray-600 mt-1">
                                 {feeStructure.fee_category.name} - {feeStructure.classroom.name}
@@ -238,10 +241,10 @@ export default function Show({ feeStructure }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                     <div className="bg-linear-to-r from-blue-600 to-indigo-600 rounded-xl p-6 text-white">
                         <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-blue-100 text-sm font-medium">Montant total</p>
+                                <p className="text-blue-100 text-sm font-medium">{t('parametres.fee_structures.show_amount_total')}</p>
                                 <p className="text-3xl font-bold">{formatMoney(feeStructure.amount)}</p>
                                 <p className="text-blue-100 text-sm mt-1">
-                                    {feeStructure.academic_year.year} • {feeStructure.installments?.length || 0} tranche(s)
+                                    {feeStructure.academic_year.year} • {t('parametres.fee_structures.installments_count', { count: feeStructure.installments?.length || 0 })}
                                 </p>
                             </div>
                             <div className="text-right">
@@ -262,20 +265,20 @@ export default function Show({ feeStructure }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                             <div className="p-2 bg-blue-100 rounded-lg">
                                 <BookOpen className="h-5 w-5 text-blue-600" />
                             </div>
-                            <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-blue-900">Informations générales</h3>
+                            <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-blue-900">{t('parametres.fee_structures.show_general')}</h3>
                         </div>
                         <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-6">
                             <div className="bg-white/60 rounded-lg p-4">
                                 <div className="flex items-center gap-2 mb-2">
                                     <Calendar className="h-4 w-4 text-blue-600" />
-                                    <div className="text-sm font-medium text-blue-800">Année académique</div>
+                                    <div className="text-sm font-medium text-blue-800">{t('parametres.fee_structures.show_year')}</div>
                                 </div>
                                 <p className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">{feeStructure.academic_year.year}</p>
                             </div>
                             <div className="bg-white/60 rounded-lg p-4">
                                 <div className="flex items-center gap-2 mb-2">
                                     <DollarSign className="h-4 w-4 text-blue-600" />
-                                    <div className="text-sm font-medium text-blue-800">Catégorie de frais</div>
+                                    <div className="text-sm font-medium text-blue-800">{t('parametres.fee_structures.show_category')}</div>
                                 </div>
                                 <span className={`inline-flex items-center gap-2 px-3 py-1.5 rounded-full text-sm font-medium ${getCategoryColor(feeStructure.fee_category.name)}`}>
                                     <DollarSign className="h-3.5 w-3.5" />
@@ -286,10 +289,10 @@ export default function Show({ feeStructure }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                         <div className="mt-4 bg-white/60 rounded-lg p-4">
                             <div className="flex items-center gap-2 mb-2">
                                 <Users className="h-4 w-4 text-blue-600" />
-                                <div className="text-sm font-medium text-blue-800">Classe concernée</div>
+                                <div className="text-sm font-medium text-blue-800">{t('parametres.fee_structures.show_class')}</div>
                             </div>
                             <p className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">{feeStructure.classroom.name}</p>
-                            <p className="text-sm text-gray-600 mt-1">Code: <span className="font-medium">{feeStructure.classroom.code}</span></p>
+                            <p className="text-sm text-gray-600 mt-1">{t('parametres.fee_structures.show_code')}: <span className="font-medium">{feeStructure.classroom.code}</span></p>
                         </div>
                     </div>
 
@@ -299,18 +302,18 @@ export default function Show({ feeStructure }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                             <div className="p-2 bg-green-100 rounded-lg">
                                 <CreditCard className="h-5 w-5 text-green-600" />
                             </div>
-                            <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-green-900">Montant et tranches</h3>
+                            <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-green-900">{t('parametres.fee_structures.show_amount_section')}</h3>
                         </div>
                         <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-6">
                             <div className="bg-white/60 rounded-lg p-4">
-                                <div className="text-sm font-medium text-green-800 mb-2">Montant total</div>
+                                <div className="text-sm font-medium text-green-800 mb-2">{t('parametres.fee_structures.show_amount_total')}</div>
                                 <p className="text-3xl font-bold text-green-600">{formatMoney(feeStructure.amount)}</p>
                             </div>
                             <div className="bg-white/60 rounded-lg p-4">
                                 <div className="flex items-center justify-between mb-3">
                                     <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
                                         <Layers className="h-4 w-4 text-green-600" />
-                                        <div className="text-sm font-medium text-green-800">Tranches</div>
+                                        <div className="text-sm font-medium text-green-800">{t('parametres.fee_structures.installments')}</div>
                                     </div>
                                     <Button
                                         variant="outline"
@@ -332,7 +335,7 @@ export default function Show({ feeStructure }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                                         className="border-green-300 text-green-600 hover:bg-green-50"
                                     >
                                         <Layers className="h-4 w-4 mr-2" />
-                                        Gérer
+                                        {t('parametres.fee_structures.manage')}
                                     </Button>
                                 </div>
                                 {feeStructure.installments && feeStructure.installments.length > 0 ? (
@@ -343,14 +346,14 @@ export default function Show({ feeStructure }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                                             <div key={installment.id} className="flex items-center justify-between p-3 bg-green-50 rounded-lg border border-green-200">
                                                 <div>
                                                     <p className="font-medium text-gray-900">{installment.name}</p>
-                                                    <p className="text-xs text-gray-600">Tranche {installment.installment_number}</p>
+                                                    <p className="text-xs text-gray-600">{t('parametres.fee_structures.installment_num', { num: installment.installment_number })}</p>
                                                 </div>
                                                 <p className="font-semibold text-green-700">{formatMoney(installment.amount)}</p>
                                             </div>
                                         ))}
                                     </div>
                                 ) : (
-                                    <p className="text-gray-500 text-sm">Aucune tranche définie</p>
+                                    <p className="text-gray-500 text-sm">{t('parametres.fee_structures.no_installments')}</p>
                                 )}
                             </div>
                         </div>
@@ -362,13 +365,13 @@ export default function Show({ feeStructure }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                             <div className="p-2 bg-gray-100 rounded-lg">
                                 <Clock className="h-5 w-5 text-gray-600" />
                             </div>
-                            <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">Informations système</h3>
+                            <h3 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.fee_structures.show_system')}</h3>
                         </div>
                         <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-6">
                             <div className="bg-white/60 rounded-lg p-4">
-                                <div className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700 mb-2">Créée le</div>
+                                <div className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700 mb-2">{t('parametres.fee_structures.show_created_on')}</div>
                                 <p className="text-sm text-gray-900">
-                                    {new Date(feeStructure.created_at).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR', {
+                                    {new Date(feeStructure.created_at).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale, {
                                         year: 'numeric',
                                         month: 'long',
                                         day: 'numeric',
@@ -378,9 +381,9 @@ export default function Show({ feeStructure }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                                 </p>
                             </div>
                             <div className="bg-white/60 rounded-lg p-4">
-                                <div className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700 mb-2">Dernière modification</div>
+                                <div className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700 mb-2">{t('parametres.fee_structures.show_updated_on')}</div>
                                 <p className="text-sm text-gray-900">
-                                    {new Date(feeStructure.updated_at).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR', {
+                                    {new Date(feeStructure.updated_at).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale, {
                                         year: 'numeric',
                                         month: 'long',
                                         day: 'numeric',
@@ -391,7 +394,7 @@ export default function Show({ feeStructure }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                             </div>
                         </div>
                         <div className="mt-4 bg-white/60 rounded-lg p-4">
-                            <div className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700 mb-2">Identifiant unique</div>
+                            <div className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700 mb-2">{t('parametres.fee_structures.show_uid')}</div>
                             <p className="text-sm text-gray-600 font-mono bg-gray-100 px-3 py-1 rounded">{feeStructure.id}</p>
                         </div>
                     </div>
@@ -402,19 +405,19 @@ export default function Show({ feeStructure }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
             <AlertDialog open={deleteConfirm} onOpenChange={setDeleteConfirm}>
                 <AlertDialogContent>
                     <AlertDialogHeader>
-                        <AlertDialogTitle>Confirmer la suppression</AlertDialogTitle>
+                        <AlertDialogTitle>{t('parametres.fee_structures.delete_title')}</AlertDialogTitle>
                         <AlertDialogDescription>
-                            Êtes-vous sûr de vouloir supprimer cette structure de frais ? Cette action est irréversible.
+                            {t('parametres.fee_structures.delete_desc')}
                         </AlertDialogDescription>
                     </AlertDialogHeader>
                     <div className="flex justify-end gap-3">
-                        <AlertDialogCancel disabled={isDeleting}>Annuler</AlertDialogCancel>
+                        <AlertDialogCancel disabled={isDeleting}>{t('parametres.fee_structures.cancel')}</AlertDialogCancel>
                         <AlertDialogAction
                             onClick={handleDelete}
                             disabled={isDeleting}
                             className="bg-red-600 hover:bg-red-700"
                         >
-                            {isDeleting ? 'Suppression...' : 'Supprimer'}
+                            {isDeleting ? t('parametres.fee_structures.deleting') : t('parametres.fee_structures.delete')}
                         </AlertDialogAction>
                     </div>
                 </AlertDialogContent>
@@ -424,9 +427,9 @@ export default function Show({ feeStructure }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
             <Dialog open={installmentsModal} onOpenChange={setInstallmentsModal}>
                 <DialogContent className="max-w-2xl">
                     <DialogHeader>
-                        <DialogTitle>Gérer les tranches</DialogTitle>
+                        <DialogTitle>{t('parametres.fee_structures.modal_title')}</DialogTitle>
                         <DialogDescription>
-                            Ajoutez ou modifiez les tranches pour cette structure de frais.
+                            {t('parametres.fee_structures.modal_desc')}
                         </DialogDescription>
                     </DialogHeader>
 
@@ -434,15 +437,15 @@ export default function Show({ feeStructure }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                         <div className="bg-blue-50 rounded-lg p-4 ring-1 ring-blue-100">
                             <div className="flex items-center gap-2 mb-2">
                                 <CreditCard className="h-4 w-4 text-blue-600" />
-                                <span className="text-sm font-medium text-blue-800">Structure actuelle</span>
+                                <span className="text-sm font-medium text-blue-800">{t('parametres.fee_structures.current_structure')}</span>
                             </div>
                             <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-4 text-sm">
                                 <div>
-                                    <span className="text-gray-600">Montant total:</span>
+                                    <span className="text-gray-600">{t('parametres.fee_structures.current_total')}</span>
                                     <span className="font-semibold text-gray-900 ml-2">{formatMoney(feeStructure.amount)}</span>
                                 </div>
                                 <div>
-                                    <span className="text-gray-600">Tranches actuelles:</span>
+                                    <span className="text-gray-600">{t('parametres.fee_structures.current_installments')}</span>
                                     <span className="font-semibold text-gray-900 ml-2">{feeStructure.installments?.length || 0}</span>
                                 </div>
                             </div>
@@ -451,10 +454,10 @@ export default function Show({ feeStructure }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                         <div className="bg-green-50 rounded-lg p-4 ring-1 ring-green-100">
                             <div className="flex items-center gap-2 mb-2">
                                 <Layers className="h-4 w-4 text-green-600" />
-                                <span className="text-sm font-medium text-green-800">Total des tranches configurées</span>
+                                <span className="text-sm font-medium text-green-800">{t('parametres.fee_structures.configured_total')}</span>
                             </div>
                             <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
-                                <span className="text-sm text-gray-600">Montant total des tranches:</span>
+                                <span className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('parametres.fee_structures.installments_total_label')}</span>
                                 <span className={`font-bold text-lg ${isTotalExceeded ? 'text-red-600' : 'text-green-600'}`}>
                                     {formatMoney(totalInstallments)}
                                 </span>
@@ -476,7 +479,7 @@ export default function Show({ feeStructure }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                                 <div key={installment.uid} className="flex gap-3 items-end">
                                     <div className="flex-1">
                                         <label htmlFor={nameId} className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-700 mb-1">
-                                            Nom de la tranche
+                                            {t('parametres.fee_structures.installment_name')}
                                         </label>
                                         <input
                                             id={nameId}
@@ -484,12 +487,12 @@ export default function Show({ feeStructure }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                                             value={installment.name}
                                             onChange={(e) => updateInstallment(index, 'name', e.target.value)}
                                             className="w-full px-3 py-2 border border-slate-200 rounded-md focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-blue-500"
-                                            placeholder="Ex: Première tranche"
+                                            placeholder={t('parametres.fee_structures.installment_name_ph')}
                                         />
                                     </div>
                                     <div className="w-24">
                                         <label htmlFor={numberId} className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-700 mb-1">
-                                            N°
+                                            {t('parametres.fee_structures.installment_number_label')}
                                         </label>
                                         <input
                                             id={numberId}
@@ -503,7 +506,7 @@ export default function Show({ feeStructure }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                                     </div>
                                     <div className="flex-1">
                                         <label htmlFor={amountId} className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-700 mb-1">
-                                            Montant
+                                            {t('parametres.fee_structures.installment_amount')}
                                         </label>
                                         <input
                                             id={amountId}
@@ -537,7 +540,7 @@ export default function Show({ feeStructure }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                             className="w-full border-blue-300 text-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-50"
                         >
                             <Layers className="h-4 w-4 mr-2" />
-                            Ajouter une tranche
+                            {t('parametres.fee_structures.add_installment')}
                         </Button>
                         <div className="flex justify-end gap-3 pt-4">
                             <Button
@@ -547,7 +550,7 @@ export default function Show({ feeStructure }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                                     setNewInstallments([{uid: uid(), name: '', installment_number: '1', amount: '0'}]);
                                 }}
                             >
-                                Annuler
+                                {t('parametres.fee_structures.cancel')}
                             </Button>
                             <Button
                                 onClick={() => {
@@ -558,11 +561,11 @@ export default function Show({ feeStructure }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                                         Number.parseFloat(inst.amount) > 0
                                     );
                                     if (validInstallments.length === 0) {
-                                        alert('Veuillez ajouter au moins une tranche valide.');
+                                        alert(t('parametres.fee_structures.err_valid_installment'));
                                         return;
                                     }
                                     if (isTotalExceeded) {
-                                        alert('Le total des tranches ne peut pas dépasser le montant de la structure de frais.');
+                                        alert(t('parametres.fee_structures.err_total_exceeds'));
                                         return;
                                     }
                                     router.post(route('fee-structures.installments.store-multiple', feeStructure.id), {
@@ -575,7 +578,7 @@ export default function Show({ feeStructure }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                                             setInstallmentsError('');
                                         },
                                         onError: (errs) => {
-                                            setInstallmentsError(errs.installments ?? 'Erreur lors de l\'enregistrement des tranches.');
+                                            setInstallmentsError(errs.installments ?? t('parametres.fee_structures.err_saving'));
                                         },
                                     });
                                 }}
@@ -583,7 +586,7 @@ export default function Show({ feeStructure }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                                 className={`bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700 ${isTotalExceeded ? 'opacity-50 cursor-not-allowed' : ''}`}
                             >
                                 <Layers className="h-4 w-4 mr-2" />
-                                Enregistrer les tranches
+                                {t('parametres.fee_structures.save_installments')}
                             </Button>
                         </div>
                     </div>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/FileStorage.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/FileStorage.tsx
index 6a3dc47f..faeaf9f0 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/FileStorage.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/FileStorage.tsx
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { useToast } from '@/components/ui/toast';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Settings {
@@ -25,6 +26,7 @@ interface Props {
 }
 
 export default function FileStorage({ settings, hasKey, hasSecret }: Readonly<Props>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     // Les credentials arrivent masqués : on part de champs vides pour ne pas
     // renvoyer la valeur masquée au serveur (qui la conserverait telle quelle).
     const { data, setData, post, processing, errors } = useForm<Settings>({
@@ -38,8 +40,8 @@ export default function FileStorage({ settings, hasKey, hasSecret }: Readonly<Pr
     const handleSubmit = (e: React.FormEvent) => {
         e.preventDefault();
         post(route('file-storage.update'), {
-            onSuccess: () => toast({ title: 'Configuration sauvegardée', description: 'Les paramètres de stockage ont été mis à jour.', variant: 'success' }),
-            onError:   () => toast({ title: 'Erreur', description: 'Vérifiez les champs et réessayez.', variant: 'error' }),
+            onSuccess: () => toast({ title: t('parametres.file_storage.toast_saved_title'), description: t('parametres.file_storage.toast_saved_desc'), variant: 'success' }),
+            onError:   () => toast({ title: t('parametres.file_storage.toast_error_title'), description: t('parametres.file_storage.toast_error_desc'), variant: 'error' }),
         });
     };
 
@@ -54,16 +56,16 @@ export default function FileStorage({ settings, hasKey, hasSecret }: Readonly<Pr
             );
             if (res.data?.success) {
                 toast({
-                    title: 'Connexion réussie',
-                    description: `Le disque "${res.data.driver}" est accessible et fonctionnel.`,
+                    title: t('parametres.file_storage.toast_test_ok_title'),
+                    description: t('parametres.file_storage.toast_test_ok_desc', { driver: res.data.driver }),
                     variant: 'success',
                 });
             } else {
-                toast({ title: 'Connexion échouée', description: res.data?.error ?? 'Erreur inconnue.', variant: 'error' });
+                toast({ title: t('parametres.file_storage.toast_test_fail_title'), description: res.data?.error ?? t('parametres.file_storage.toast_unknown_error'), variant: 'error' });
             }
         } catch (err: any) {
-            const message = err?.response?.data?.error ?? err?.message ?? 'Impossible de joindre le stockage.';
-            toast({ title: 'Connexion échouée', description: message, variant: 'error' });
+            const message = err?.response?.data?.error ?? err?.message ?? t('parametres.file_storage.toast_unreachable');
+            toast({ title: t('parametres.file_storage.toast_test_fail_title'), description: message, variant: 'error' });
         } finally {
             setTesting(false);
         }
@@ -73,12 +75,12 @@ export default function FileStorage({ settings, hasKey, hasSecret }: Readonly<Pr
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Fichiers & Stockage" />
+            <Head title={t('parametres.file_storage.head')} />
             <div className="w-full space-y-6">
 
                 <div>
-                    <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3"><HardDrive className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />Fichiers & Stockage</h1>
-                    <p className="mt-2 text-gray-500">Configurez où les fichiers uploadés (logos, documents) seront stockés.</p>
+                    <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3"><HardDrive className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />{t('parametres.file_storage.title')}</h1>
+                    <p className="mt-2 text-gray-500">{t('parametres.file_storage.subtitle')}</p>
                 </div>
 
                 <form onSubmit={handleSubmit} className="space-y-6">
@@ -86,8 +88,8 @@ export default function FileStorage({ settings, hasKey, hasSecret }: Readonly<Pr
                     {/* Choix du driver */}
                     <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-4">
                         {([
-                            { value: 'local', label: 'Stockage local',   desc: 'Fichiers sur le serveur Laravel (public/storage)',    Icon: HardDrive,   ring: 'ring-blue-500',   bg: 'bg-blue-50',   iconBg: 'bg-blue-100',   iconColor: 'text-blue-600' },
-                            { value: 's3',    label: 'Stockage cloud S3', desc: 'AWS S3, Cloudflare R2, MinIO ou compatible S3',       Icon: CloudUpload, ring: 'ring-violet-500', bg: 'bg-violet-50', iconBg: 'bg-violet-100', iconColor: 'text-violet-600' },
+                            { value: 'local', label: t('parametres.file_storage.driver_local'),   desc: t('parametres.file_storage.driver_local_desc'),    Icon: HardDrive,   ring: 'ring-blue-500',   bg: 'bg-blue-50',   iconBg: 'bg-blue-100',   iconColor: 'text-blue-600' },
+                            { value: 's3',    label: t('parametres.file_storage.driver_s3'), desc: t('parametres.file_storage.driver_s3_desc'),       Icon: CloudUpload, ring: 'ring-violet-500', bg: 'bg-violet-50', iconBg: 'bg-violet-100', iconColor: 'text-violet-600' },
                         ] as const).map(opt => {
                             const active = data.driver === opt.value;
                             return (
@@ -112,13 +114,13 @@ export default function FileStorage({ settings, hasKey, hasSecret }: Readonly<Pr
                         <div className="rounded-2xl bg-violet-50/60 ring-1 ring-violet-100 p-6 space-y-4">
                             <h2 className="text-base font-semibold text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-2">
                                 <CloudUpload className="w-4 h-4 text-violet-600" />
-                                Configuration S3 / Cloudflare R2
+                                {t('parametres.file_storage.s3_section')}
                             </h2>
 
                             <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-4">
                                 <div className="space-y-1.5">
                                     <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">
-                                        Access Key {hasKey ? <span className="text-gray-400 font-normal">(laisser vide pour conserver)</span> : '*'}
+                                        {t('parametres.file_storage.access_key')} {hasKey ? <span className="text-gray-400 font-normal">{t('parametres.file_storage.keep_hint')}</span> : '*'}
                                     </label>
                                     <Input value={data.s3_key} onChange={e => setData('s3_key', e.target.value)} placeholder={hasKey ? (settings.s3_key || '••••••••') : 'AKIAIOSFODNN7EXAMPLE'} className={errors.s3_key ? 'border-red-400' : ''} />
                                     {errors.s3_key && <p className="text-xs text-red-500">{errors.s3_key}</p>}
@@ -126,44 +128,44 @@ export default function FileStorage({ settings, hasKey, hasSecret }: Readonly<Pr
 
                                 <div className="space-y-1.5">
                                     <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">
-                                        Secret Key {hasSecret ? <span className="text-gray-400 font-normal">(laisser vide pour conserver)</span> : '*'}
+                                        {t('parametres.file_storage.secret_key')} {hasSecret ? <span className="text-gray-400 font-normal">{t('parametres.file_storage.keep_hint')}</span> : '*'}
                                     </label>
                                     <Input type="password" value={data.s3_secret} onChange={e => setData('s3_secret', e.target.value)} placeholder={hasSecret ? '••••••••' : 'wJalrXUtnFEMI...'} className={errors.s3_secret ? 'border-red-400' : ''} />
                                     {errors.s3_secret && <p className="text-xs text-red-500">{errors.s3_secret}</p>}
                                 </div>
 
                                 <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                                    <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Bucket *</label>
+                                    <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('parametres.file_storage.bucket')}</label>
                                     <Input value={data.s3_bucket} onChange={e => setData('s3_bucket', e.target.value)} placeholder="mon-bucket" className={errors.s3_bucket ? 'border-red-400' : ''} />
                                     {errors.s3_bucket && <p className="text-xs text-red-500">{errors.s3_bucket}</p>}
                                 </div>
 
                                 <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                                    <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Région *</label>
-                                    <Input value={data.s3_region} onChange={e => setData('s3_region', e.target.value)} placeholder="auto (R2) ou eu-west-1 (AWS)" className={errors.s3_region ? 'border-red-400' : ''} />
+                                    <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('parametres.file_storage.region')}</label>
+                                    <Input value={data.s3_region} onChange={e => setData('s3_region', e.target.value)} placeholder={t('parametres.file_storage.region_ph')} className={errors.s3_region ? 'border-red-400' : ''} />
                                     {errors.s3_region && <p className="text-xs text-red-500">{errors.s3_region}</p>}
                                 </div>
 
                                 <div className="space-y-1.5 md:col-span-2">
                                     <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">
-                                        Endpoint <span className="text-gray-400 font-normal">(R2/MinIO — laisser vide pour AWS)</span>
+                                        {t('parametres.file_storage.endpoint')} <span className="text-gray-400 font-normal">{t('parametres.file_storage.endpoint_hint')}</span>
                                     </label>
                                     <Input value={data.s3_endpoint} onChange={e => setData('s3_endpoint', e.target.value)} placeholder="https://<account_id>.r2.cloudflarestorage.com" />
                                 </div>
 
                                 <div className="space-y-1.5 md:col-span-2">
                                     <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">
-                                        URL publique <span className="text-gray-400 font-normal">(CDN ou domaine custom)</span>
+                                        {t('parametres.file_storage.public_url')} <span className="text-gray-400 font-normal">{t('parametres.file_storage.public_url_hint')}</span>
                                     </label>
                                     <Input value={data.s3_url} onChange={e => setData('s3_url', e.target.value)} placeholder="https://files.monecole.tg" />
                                 </div>
                             </div>
 
                             <div className="rounded-xl bg-white/70 ring-1 ring-violet-100 p-4 text-xs text-gray-500 space-y-1">
-                                <p className="font-semibold text-gray-700">Cloudflare R2 (recommandé)</p>
-                                <p>• Région : <code className="bg-gray-100 px-1 rounded">auto</code></p>
-                                <p>• Endpoint : <code className="bg-gray-100 px-1 rounded">https://{'<ACCOUNT_ID>'}.r2.cloudflarestorage.com</code></p>
-                                <p>• Aucun frais de bande passante sortante (idéal Afrique)</p>
+                                <p className="font-semibold text-gray-700">{t('parametres.file_storage.r2_title')}</p>
+                                <p>{t('parametres.file_storage.r2_region')} <code className="bg-gray-100 px-1 rounded">auto</code></p>
+                                <p>{t('parametres.file_storage.r2_endpoint')} <code className="bg-gray-100 px-1 rounded">https://{'<ACCOUNT_ID>'}.r2.cloudflarestorage.com</code></p>
+                                <p>{t('parametres.file_storage.r2_bandwidth')}</p>
                             </div>
                         </div>
                     )}
@@ -173,8 +175,8 @@ export default function FileStorage({ settings, hasKey, hasSecret }: Readonly<Pr
                         <div className="rounded-xl bg-blue-50 ring-1 ring-blue-100 p-4 flex gap-3 text-sm text-blue-700">
                             <ServerCrash className="w-5 h-5 shrink-0 mt-0.5" />
                             <div>
-                                <p className="font-semibold">Stockage local actif</p>
-                                <p className="text-blue-600 mt-0.5">Les fichiers sont stockés dans <code className="bg-blue-100 px-1 rounded">storage/app/public/</code> et servis via <code className="bg-blue-100 px-1 rounded">/storage/</code>.</p>
+                                <p className="font-semibold">{t('parametres.file_storage.local_active')}</p>
+                                <p className="text-blue-600 mt-0.5">{t('parametres.file_storage.local_active_before')} <code className="bg-blue-100 px-1 rounded">storage/app/public/</code> {t('parametres.file_storage.local_active_middle')} <code className="bg-blue-100 px-1 rounded">/storage/</code>.</p>
                             </div>
                         </div>
                     )}
@@ -183,12 +185,12 @@ export default function FileStorage({ settings, hasKey, hasSecret }: Readonly<Pr
                     <div className="flex items-center justify-between pt-2">
                         <Button type="button" variant="outline" onClick={handleTest} disabled={testing} className="gap-2">
                             {testing ? <Loader2 className="w-4 h-4 animate-spin" /> : <HardDrive className="w-4 h-4" />}
-                            Tester la connexion
+                            {t('parametres.file_storage.test_connection')}
                         </Button>
 
                         <Button type="submit" disabled={processing} className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700 gap-2">
                             {processing ? <Loader2 className="w-4 h-4 animate-spin" /> : null}
-                            Enregistrer
+                            {t('parametres.file_storage.save')}
                         </Button>
                     </div>
                 </form>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/GradingConfigs/Create.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/GradingConfigs/Create.tsx
index 0d980a3f..d4aeebe8 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/GradingConfigs/Create.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/GradingConfigs/Create.tsx
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { Head, router, useForm } from '@inertiajs/react';
 import { ArrowLeft } from 'lucide-react';
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 import GradingConfigFields, { type ClassroomType, type GradingConfigForm, type MentionRow, type School } from './config-fields';
 
@@ -13,6 +14,7 @@ interface Props {
 }
 
 export default function Create({ schools, classroomTypes, defaultMentions, preselectedSchoolId }: Readonly<Props>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const { data, setData, post, processing, errors } = useForm<GradingConfigForm>({
         school_id:         preselectedSchoolId ?? '',
         classroom_type_id: '',
@@ -32,7 +34,7 @@ export default function Create({ schools, classroomTypes, defaultMentions, prese
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Nouvelle configuration de calcul" />
+            <Head title={t('parametres.grading_configs.create_head')} />
 
             <div className="w-full space-y-6">
                 <div className="flex items-center gap-4">
@@ -40,8 +42,8 @@ export default function Create({ schools, classroomTypes, defaultMentions, prese
                         <ArrowLeft className="w-4 h-4" />
                     </Button>
                     <div>
-                        <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900">Nouvelle configuration</h1>
-                        <p className="text-gray-500 mt-0.5">Définissez la formule de calcul des moyennes (par type de classe)</p>
+                        <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.grading_configs.create_title')}</h1>
+                        <p className="text-gray-500 mt-0.5">{t('parametres.grading_configs.create_subtitle')}</p>
                     </div>
                 </div>
 
@@ -50,10 +52,10 @@ export default function Create({ schools, classroomTypes, defaultMentions, prese
 
                     <div className="flex justify-end gap-3 pt-2 border-t border-gray-100">
                         <Button type="button" variant="outline" onClick={() => router.get(route('grading-configs.index'))}>
-                            Annuler
+                            {t('parametres.common.cancel')}
                         </Button>
                         <Button type="submit" className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700" disabled={processing}>
-                            {processing ? 'Création...' : 'Créer la configuration'}
+                            {processing ? t('parametres.common.creating') : t('parametres.grading_configs.submit_create')}
                         </Button>
                     </div>
                 </form>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/GradingConfigs/Edit.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/GradingConfigs/Edit.tsx
index 1eb92f8d..39ee904a 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/GradingConfigs/Edit.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/GradingConfigs/Edit.tsx
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { Head, router, useForm } from '@inertiajs/react';
 import { ArrowLeft } from 'lucide-react';
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 import GradingConfigFields, { type ClassroomType, type GradingConfigForm, type MentionRow, type School } from './config-fields';
 
@@ -27,6 +28,7 @@ interface Props {
 }
 
 export default function Edit({ config, schools, classroomTypes, defaultMentions }: Readonly<Props>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const { data, setData, put, processing, errors } = useForm<GradingConfigForm>({
         school_id:         config.school_id,
         classroom_type_id: config.classroom_type_id ?? '',
@@ -46,7 +48,7 @@ export default function Edit({ config, schools, classroomTypes, defaultMentions
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title={`Modifier — ${config.name}`} />
+            <Head title={t('parametres.grading_configs.edit_head', { name: config.name })} />
 
             <div className="w-full space-y-6">
                 <div className="flex items-center gap-4">
@@ -54,7 +56,7 @@ export default function Edit({ config, schools, classroomTypes, defaultMentions
                         <ArrowLeft className="w-4 h-4" />
                     </Button>
                     <div>
-                        <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900">Modifier la configuration</h1>
+                        <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.grading_configs.edit_title')}</h1>
                         <p className="text-gray-500 mt-0.5">{config.name} — {config.school.name}</p>
                     </div>
                 </div>
@@ -64,10 +66,10 @@ export default function Edit({ config, schools, classroomTypes, defaultMentions
 
                     <div className="flex justify-end gap-3 pt-2 border-t border-gray-100">
                         <Button type="button" variant="outline" onClick={() => router.get(route('grading-configs.index'))}>
-                            Annuler
+                            {t('parametres.common.cancel')}
                         </Button>
                         <Button type="submit" className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700" disabled={processing}>
-                            {processing ? 'Enregistrement...' : 'Enregistrer'}
+                            {processing ? t('parametres.grading_configs.saving') : t('parametres.common.save')}
                         </Button>
                     </div>
                 </form>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/GradingConfigs/Index.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/GradingConfigs/Index.tsx
index baa20b3a..3f215963 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/GradingConfigs/Index.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/GradingConfigs/Index.tsx
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import { IconButton } from '@/components/icon-button';
 import { Select, SelectContent, SelectItem, SelectTrigger, SelectValue } from '@/components/ui/select';
 import { Table, TableBody, TableCell, TableHead, TableHeader, TableRow } from '@/components/ui/table';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface School { id: string; name: string; }
@@ -36,6 +37,7 @@ interface Props {
 }
 
 export default function Index({ configs, schools, filters }: Readonly<Props>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const [schoolId, setSchoolId] = useState(filters.school_id || 'all');
     const [deleteId, setDeleteId] = useState<string | null>(null);
 
@@ -57,20 +59,20 @@ export default function Index({ configs, schools, filters }: Readonly<Props>) {
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Configurations de calcul des moyennes" />
+            <Head title={t('parametres.grading_configs.head')} />
 
             <div className="w-full space-y-6">
 
                 {/* Header */}
                 <div className="flex items-start justify-between">
                     <div>
-                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3"><SlidersHorizontal className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />Calcul des moyennes</h1>
+                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3"><SlidersHorizontal className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />{t('parametres.grading_configs.title')}</h1>
                         <p className="mt-2 text-lg text-gray-600">
-                            Personnalisez la formule de calcul par établissement
+                            {t('parametres.grading_configs.subtitle')}
                         </p>
                     </div>
                     <Button className="gap-2 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700" onClick={() => router.get(route('grading-configs.create'))}>
-                        <Plus className="w-4 h-4" /> Nouvelle configuration
+                        <Plus className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('parametres.grading_configs.new')}
                     </Button>
                 </div>
 
@@ -79,10 +81,10 @@ export default function Index({ configs, schools, filters }: Readonly<Props>) {
                     <SlidersHorizontal className="w-4 h-4 text-gray-400 shrink-0" />
                     <Select value={schoolId} onValueChange={onSchoolChange}>
                         <SelectTrigger className="w-56">
-                            <SelectValue placeholder="Tous les établissements" />
+                            <SelectValue placeholder={t('parametres.grading_configs.filter_all')} />
                         </SelectTrigger>
                         <SelectContent>
-                            <SelectItem value="all">Tous les établissements</SelectItem>
+                            <SelectItem value="all">{t('parametres.grading_configs.filter_all')}</SelectItem>
                             {schools.map(s => (
                                 <SelectItem key={s.id} value={s.id}>{s.name}</SelectItem>
                             ))}
@@ -100,14 +102,14 @@ export default function Index({ configs, schools, filters }: Readonly<Props>) {
                     <Table>
                         <TableHeader className="bg-gray-50">
                             <TableRow>
-                                <TableHead>Nom</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead>Établissement</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead>Type de classe</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="text-center">Seuil</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="text-center">Note max</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="text-center">Arrondi</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="text-center">Statut</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="text-center w-36">Actions</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead>{t('parametres.grading_configs.th_name')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead>{t('parametres.grading_configs.th_school')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead>{t('parametres.grading_configs.th_class_type')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="text-center">{t('parametres.grading_configs.th_threshold')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="text-center">{t('parametres.grading_configs.th_max')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="text-center">{t('parametres.grading_configs.th_round')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="text-center">{t('parametres.grading_configs.th_status')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="text-center w-36">{t('parametres.common.actions')}</TableHead>
                             </TableRow>
                         </TableHeader>
                         <TableBody>
@@ -115,7 +117,7 @@ export default function Index({ configs, schools, filters }: Readonly<Props>) {
                                 <TableRow>
                                     <TableCell colSpan={8} className="py-16 text-center text-gray-400">
                                         <SlidersHorizontal className="w-10 h-10 mx-auto mb-2 opacity-30" />
-                                        Aucune configuration. Créez-en une pour personnaliser le calcul des moyennes.
+                                        {t('parametres.grading_configs.empty')}
                                     </TableCell>
                                 </TableRow>
                             ) : configs.map(c => (
@@ -129,20 +131,20 @@ export default function Index({ configs, schools, filters }: Readonly<Props>) {
                                                 <span className="block text-xs text-gray-400">{c.classroom_type.period_system}</span>
                                             </>
                                         ) : (
-                                            <span className="text-gray-400 italic">Toutes (défaut)</span>
+                                            <span className="text-gray-400 italic">{t('parametres.grading_configs.all_default')}</span>
                                         )}
                                     </TableCell>
                                     <TableCell className="text-center font-mono text-gray-700">{c.passing_score}/20</TableCell>
                                     <TableCell className="text-center font-mono text-gray-700">{c.default_max_score}</TableCell>
-                                    <TableCell className="text-center text-gray-600">{c.round_precision} déc.</TableCell>
+                                    <TableCell className="text-center text-gray-600">{t('parametres.grading_configs.decimals', { n: c.round_precision })}</TableCell>
                                     <TableCell className="text-center">
                                         {c.is_active ? (
                                             <span className="inline-flex items-center gap-1 px-2.5 py-1 rounded-full text-xs font-medium bg-emerald-100 text-emerald-700">
-                                                <CheckCircle2 className="w-3 h-3" /> Active
+                                                <CheckCircle2 className="w-3 h-3" /> {t('parametres.grading_configs.active')}
                                             </span>
                                         ) : (
                                             <span className="inline-flex px-2.5 py-1 rounded-full text-xs font-medium bg-gray-100 text-gray-500">
-                                                Inactive
+                                                {t('parametres.grading_configs.inactive')}
                                             </span>
                                         )}
                                     </TableCell>
@@ -154,17 +156,17 @@ export default function Index({ configs, schools, filters }: Readonly<Props>) {
                                                     className="text-xs border-emerald-200 text-emerald-700 hover:bg-emerald-50"
                                                     onClick={() => onActivate(c.id)}
                                                 >
-                                                    Activer
+                                                    {t('parametres.grading_configs.activate')}
                                                 </Button>
                                             )}
                                             <IconButton
-                                                label="Modifier"
+                                                label={t('parametres.common.edit')}
                                                 icon={<Pencil className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />}
                                                 onClick={() => router.get(route('grading-configs.edit', c.id))}
                                             />
                                             {!c.is_active && (
                                                 <IconButton
-                                                    label="Supprimer"
+                                                    label={t('parametres.common.delete')}
                                                     icon={<Trash2 className="w-3.5 h-3.5" />}
                                                     className="border-red-200 text-red-500 hover:bg-red-50"
                                                     onClick={() => setDeleteId(c.id)}
@@ -178,19 +180,19 @@ export default function Index({ configs, schools, filters }: Readonly<Props>) {
                     </Table>
                 </div>
 
-                <p className="text-sm text-gray-400 text-right">{configs.length} configuration(s)</p>
+                <p className="text-sm text-gray-400 text-right">{t('parametres.grading_configs.count', { n: configs.length })}</p>
             </div>
 
             <AlertDialog open={!!deleteId} onOpenChange={() => setDeleteId(null)}>
                 <AlertDialogContent>
                     <AlertDialogHeader>
-                        <AlertDialogTitle>Supprimer cette configuration ?</AlertDialogTitle>
-                        <AlertDialogDescription>Cette action est irréversible.</AlertDialogDescription>
+                        <AlertDialogTitle>{t('parametres.grading_configs.delete_q')}</AlertDialogTitle>
+                        <AlertDialogDescription>{t('parametres.common.irreversible')}</AlertDialogDescription>
                     </AlertDialogHeader>
                     <div className="flex justify-end gap-2">
-                        <AlertDialogCancel>Annuler</AlertDialogCancel>
+                        <AlertDialogCancel>{t('parametres.common.cancel')}</AlertDialogCancel>
                         <AlertDialogAction className="bg-red-600 hover:bg-red-700" onClick={() => deleteId && onDelete(deleteId)}>
-                            Supprimer
+                            {t('parametres.common.delete')}
                         </AlertDialogAction>
                     </div>
                 </AlertDialogContent>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/GradingConfigs/config-fields.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/GradingConfigs/config-fields.tsx
index 965cb0a9..0e2102ac 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/GradingConfigs/config-fields.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/GradingConfigs/config-fields.tsx
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { Plus, Trash2 } from 'lucide-react';
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { Select, SelectContent, SelectItem, SelectTrigger, SelectValue } from '@/components/ui/select';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 
 export interface School { id: string; name: string }
 export interface ClassroomType { id: string; name: string; period_system: string }
@@ -19,12 +20,7 @@ export interface GradingConfigForm {
     mentions: MentionRow[];
 }
 
-const PRECISION_OPTIONS = [
-    { value: '0', label: 'Entier (ex : 12)' },
-    { value: '1', label: '1 décimale (ex : 12,5)' },
-    { value: '2', label: '2 décimales (ex : 12,50)' },
-    { value: '3', label: '3 décimales (ex : 12,500)' },
-];
+const PRECISION_VALUES = ['0', '1', '2', '3'] as const;
 
 const ALL = '__all__';
 
@@ -37,6 +33,7 @@ interface Props {
 }
 
 export default function GradingConfigFields({ data, setData, errors, schools, classroomTypes }: Readonly<Props>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const classTotal = (parseFloat(data.class_weight) || 0) + (parseFloat(data.comp_weight) || 0);
     const pct = (w: string) => (classTotal > 0 ? Math.round(((parseFloat(w) || 0) / classTotal) * 100) : 0);
 
@@ -52,10 +49,10 @@ export default function GradingConfigFields({ data, setData, errors, schools, cl
             {/* École + type de classe */}
             <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-4">
                 <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                    <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Établissement *</label>
+                    <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('parametres.grading_configs.school_label')}</label>
                     <Select value={data.school_id} onValueChange={(v) => setData('school_id', v)}>
                         <SelectTrigger className={errors.school_id ? 'border-red-400' : ''}>
-                            <SelectValue placeholder="Sélectionner un établissement" />
+                            <SelectValue placeholder={t('parametres.grading_configs.school_ph')} />
                         </SelectTrigger>
                         <SelectContent>
                             {schools.map((s) => <SelectItem key={s.id} value={s.id}>{s.name}</SelectItem>)}
@@ -65,7 +62,7 @@ export default function GradingConfigFields({ data, setData, errors, schools, cl
                 </div>
 
                 <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                    <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Type de classe</label>
+                    <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('parametres.grading_configs.class_type_label')}</label>
                     <Select
                         value={data.classroom_type_id || ALL}
                         onValueChange={(v) => setData('classroom_type_id', v === ALL ? '' : v)}
@@ -74,25 +71,25 @@ export default function GradingConfigFields({ data, setData, errors, schools, cl
                             <SelectValue />
                         </SelectTrigger>
                         <SelectContent>
-                            <SelectItem value={ALL}>Toutes les classes (défaut école)</SelectItem>
-                            {classroomTypes.map((t) => (
-                                <SelectItem key={t.id} value={t.id}>
-                                    {t.name} ({t.period_system})
+                            <SelectItem value={ALL}>{t('parametres.grading_configs.all_classes')}</SelectItem>
+                            {classroomTypes.map((ct) => (
+                                <SelectItem key={ct.id} value={ct.id}>
+                                    {ct.name} ({ct.period_system})
                                 </SelectItem>
                             ))}
                         </SelectContent>
                     </Select>
-                    <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">Laissez « Toutes les classes » pour une formule par défaut de l'école.</p>
+                    <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">{t('parametres.grading_configs.class_type_hint')}</p>
                 </div>
             </div>
 
             {/* Nom */}
             <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Nom *</label>
+                <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('parametres.grading_configs.name_label')}</label>
                 <Input
                     value={data.name}
                     onChange={(e) => setData('name', e.target.value)}
-                    placeholder="ex : Formule standard 2025"
+                    placeholder={t('parametres.grading_configs.name_ph')}
                     className={errors.name ? 'border-red-400' : ''}
                 />
                 {errors.name && <p className="text-xs text-red-500">{errors.name}</p>}
@@ -100,7 +97,7 @@ export default function GradingConfigFields({ data, setData, errors, schools, cl
 
             <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-4">
                 <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                    <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Seuil de passage</label>
+                    <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('parametres.grading_configs.passing_label')}</label>
                     <div className="relative">
                         <Input
                             type="number" min={0} max={100} step={0.5}
@@ -114,7 +111,7 @@ export default function GradingConfigFields({ data, setData, errors, schools, cl
                 </div>
 
                 <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                    <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Note maximale par défaut</label>
+                    <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('parametres.grading_configs.max_label')}</label>
                     <Input
                         type="number" min={1} max={100} step={1}
                         value={data.default_max_score}
@@ -126,15 +123,15 @@ export default function GradingConfigFields({ data, setData, errors, schools, cl
 
             {/* Pondération Classe / Composition */}
             <div className="space-y-2">
-                <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Pondération Note de classe / Composition</label>
+                <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('parametres.grading_configs.weight_label')}</label>
                 <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-3">
                     <div className="space-y-1">
-                        <span className="text-xs text-gray-500">Note de classe (contrôle continu)</span>
+                        <span className="text-xs text-gray-500">{t('parametres.grading_configs.class_weight_label')}</span>
                         <Input type="number" min={0} max={10} step={0.5} value={data.class_weight}
                             onChange={(e) => setData('class_weight', e.target.value)} />
                     </div>
                     <div className="space-y-1">
-                        <span className="text-xs text-gray-500">Composition</span>
+                        <span className="text-xs text-gray-500">{t('parametres.grading_configs.comp_weight_label')}</span>
                         <Input type="number" min={0} max={10} step={0.5} value={data.comp_weight}
                             onChange={(e) => setData('comp_weight', e.target.value)} />
                     </div>
@@ -143,24 +140,24 @@ export default function GradingConfigFields({ data, setData, errors, schools, cl
                     <div className="flex gap-2 mt-1">
                         <div className="flex-1 text-center">
                             <div className="text-lg font-bold text-blue-600">{pct(data.class_weight)}%</div>
-                            <div className="text-xs text-gray-400">Classe</div>
+                            <div className="text-xs text-gray-400">{t('parametres.grading_configs.pct_class')}</div>
                         </div>
                         <div className="flex-1 text-center">
                             <div className="text-lg font-bold text-blue-600">{pct(data.comp_weight)}%</div>
-                            <div className="text-xs text-gray-400">Composition</div>
+                            <div className="text-xs text-gray-400">{t('parametres.grading_configs.pct_comp')}</div>
                         </div>
                     </div>
                 )}
-                <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">Moyenne matière = (Classe × {data.class_weight || 0} + Composition × {data.comp_weight || 0}) / {classTotal || 1}.</p>
+                <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">{t('parametres.grading_configs.formula', { cw: data.class_weight || 0, pw: data.comp_weight || 0, total: classTotal || 1 })}</p>
             </div>
 
             {/* Arrondi */}
             <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Précision d'arrondi</label>
+                <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('parametres.grading_configs.precision_label')}</label>
                 <Select value={data.round_precision} onValueChange={(v) => setData('round_precision', v)}>
                     <SelectTrigger><SelectValue /></SelectTrigger>
                     <SelectContent>
-                        {PRECISION_OPTIONS.map((o) => <SelectItem key={o.value} value={o.value}>{o.label}</SelectItem>)}
+                        {PRECISION_VALUES.map((v) => <SelectItem key={v} value={v}>{t(`parametres.grading_configs.precision_${v}`)}</SelectItem>)}
                     </SelectContent>
                 </Select>
             </div>
@@ -168,16 +165,16 @@ export default function GradingConfigFields({ data, setData, errors, schools, cl
             {/* Mentions */}
             <div className="space-y-2">
                 <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
-                    <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">Mentions (seuils)</label>
+                    <label className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t('parametres.grading_configs.mentions_label')}</label>
                     <Button type="button" variant="outline" size="sm" className="gap-1.5" onClick={addMention}>
-                        <Plus className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> Ajouter
+                        <Plus className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> {t('parametres.grading_configs.add')}
                     </Button>
                 </div>
                 <div className="space-y-2">
-                    {data.mentions.length === 0 && <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">Aucune mention configurée.</p>}
+                    {data.mentions.length === 0 && <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">{t('parametres.grading_configs.no_mentions')}</p>}
                     {data.mentions.map((m, i) => (
                         <div key={i} className="flex items-center gap-2">
-                            <Input value={m.label} placeholder="Libellé (ex : Félicitations)"
+                            <Input value={m.label} placeholder={t('parametres.grading_configs.mention_label_ph')}
                                 onChange={(e) => setMention(i, { label: e.target.value })} className="flex-1" />
                             <span className="text-xs text-gray-400">≥</span>
                             <Input type="number" min={0} max={20} step={0.5} value={m.min}
@@ -189,7 +186,7 @@ export default function GradingConfigFields({ data, setData, errors, schools, cl
                         </div>
                     ))}
                 </div>
-                <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">La mention retenue est celle dont le seuil est le plus élevé et inférieur ou égal à la moyenne.</p>
+                <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">{t('parametres.grading_configs.mentions_hint')}</p>
             </div>
         </>
     );
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Scholarships/Create.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Scholarships/Create.tsx
index ee524e43..85b10f53 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Scholarships/Create.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Scholarships/Create.tsx
@@ -11,11 +11,13 @@ import {
     SelectValue,
 } from '@/components/ui/select';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 type ScholarshipType = 'percentage' | 'fixed';
 
 export default function Create() {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const [formData, setFormData] = useState({
         name: '',
         description: '',
@@ -43,7 +45,7 @@ export default function Create() {
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Créer une bourse" />
+            <Head title={t('parametres.scholarships.create_head')} />
 
             <div className="space-y-6">
                 <div className="flex items-center gap-4">
@@ -55,25 +57,25 @@ export default function Create() {
                     </button>
                     <div>
                         <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900">
-                            Créer une nouvelle bourse
+                            {t('parametres.scholarships.create_title')}
                         </h1>
                     </div>
                 </div>
 
                 <form onSubmit={handleSubmit} className="space-y-6">
                     <div className="bg-white rounded-lg border border-gray-200 p-6">
-                        <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-4">Informations de la bourse</h2>
+                        <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-4">{t('parametres.scholarships.form_section')}</h2>
                         <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-4">
                             <div>
                                 <label htmlFor="name" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
-                                    Nom *
+                                    {t('parametres.scholarships.name_label')}
                                 </label>
                                 <Input
                                     id="name"
                                     type="text"
                                     value={formData.name}
                                     onChange={(e) => setFormData((prev) => ({ ...prev, name: e.target.value }))}
-                                    placeholder="Ex: Bourse d'excellence"
+                                    placeholder={t('parametres.scholarships.name_ph')}
                                     className={errors.name ? 'border-red-500' : ''}
                                 />
                                 {errors.name && (
@@ -83,18 +85,18 @@ export default function Create() {
 
                             <div>
                                 <label htmlFor="type" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
-                                    Type *
+                                    {t('parametres.scholarships.type_label')}
                                 </label>
                                 <Select
                                     value={formData.type}
                                     onValueChange={(value: ScholarshipType) => setFormData((prev) => ({ ...prev, type: value }))}
                                 >
                                     <SelectTrigger className={errors.type ? 'border-red-500' : ''}>
-                                        <SelectValue placeholder="Sélectionner un type" />
+                                        <SelectValue placeholder={t('parametres.scholarships.type_ph')} />
                                     </SelectTrigger>
                                     <SelectContent>
-                                        <SelectItem value="fixed">Montant fixe</SelectItem>
-                                        <SelectItem value="percentage">Pourcentage</SelectItem>
+                                        <SelectItem value="fixed">{t('parametres.scholarships.type_fixed')}</SelectItem>
+                                        <SelectItem value="percentage">{t('parametres.scholarships.type_percentage')}</SelectItem>
                                     </SelectContent>
                                 </Select>
                                 {errors.type && (
@@ -104,7 +106,7 @@ export default function Create() {
 
                             <div>
                                 <label htmlFor="value" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
-                                    Valeur {formData.type === 'percentage' ? '(%)' : '(montant)'} *
+                                    {formData.type === 'percentage' ? t('parametres.scholarships.value_label_pct') : t('parametres.scholarships.value_label_fixed')}
                                 </label>
                                 <Input
                                     id="value"
@@ -113,7 +115,7 @@ export default function Create() {
                                     min="0"
                                     value={formData.value}
                                     onChange={(e) => setFormData((prev) => ({ ...prev, value: e.target.value }))}
-                                    placeholder={formData.type === 'percentage' ? 'Ex: 15' : 'Ex: 100.00'}
+                                    placeholder={formData.type === 'percentage' ? t('parametres.scholarships.value_ph_pct') : t('parametres.scholarships.value_ph_fixed')}
                                     className={errors.value ? 'border-red-500' : ''}
                                 />
                                 {errors.value && (
@@ -123,13 +125,13 @@ export default function Create() {
 
                             <div className="md:col-span-2">
                                 <label htmlFor="description" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
-                                    Description
+                                    {t('parametres.scholarships.description')}
                                 </label>
                                 <textarea
                                     id="description"
                                     value={formData.description}
                                     onChange={(e) => setFormData((prev) => ({ ...prev, description: e.target.value }))}
-                                    placeholder="Décrivez la bourse..."
+                                    placeholder={t('parametres.scholarships.description_ph')}
                                     rows={4}
                                     className="w-full px-3 py-2 border border-gray-300 rounded-lg focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-blue-500"
                                 />
@@ -146,14 +148,14 @@ export default function Create() {
                             disabled={isSubmitting}
                             className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700"
                         >
-                            {isSubmitting ? 'Création...' : 'Créer la bourse'}
+                            {isSubmitting ? t('parametres.common.creating') : t('parametres.scholarships.submit_create')}
                         </Button>
                         <Button
                             type="button"
                             variant="outline"
                             onClick={() => router.get(route('scholarships.index'))}
                         >
-                            Annuler
+                            {t('parametres.common.cancel')}
                         </Button>
                     </div>
                 </form>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Scholarships/Edit.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Scholarships/Edit.tsx
index be5cb645..ff6c2f58 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Scholarships/Edit.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Scholarships/Edit.tsx
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ import {
     SelectValue,
 } from '@/components/ui/select';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 type ScholarshipType = 'percentage' | 'fixed';
@@ -28,6 +29,7 @@ interface EditProps {
 }
 
 export default function Edit({ scholarship }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const [formData, setFormData] = useState({
         name: scholarship.name,
         description: scholarship.description || '',
@@ -55,7 +57,7 @@ export default function Edit({ scholarship }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title={`Modifier ${scholarship.name}`} />
+            <Head title={t('parametres.scholarships.edit_head', { name: scholarship.name })} />
 
             <div className="space-y-6">
                 <div className="flex items-center gap-4">
@@ -67,25 +69,25 @@ export default function Edit({ scholarship }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
                     </button>
                     <div>
                         <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900">
-                            Modifier {scholarship.name}
+                            {t('parametres.scholarships.edit_title', { name: scholarship.name })}
                         </h1>
                     </div>
                 </div>
 
                 <form onSubmit={handleSubmit} className="space-y-6">
                     <div className="bg-white rounded-lg border border-gray-200 p-6">
-                        <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-4">Informations de la bourse</h2>
+                        <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-4">{t('parametres.scholarships.form_section')}</h2>
                         <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-4">
                             <div>
                                 <label htmlFor="name" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
-                                    Nom *
+                                    {t('parametres.scholarships.name_label')}
                                 </label>
                                 <Input
                                     id="name"
                                     type="text"
                                     value={formData.name}
                                     onChange={(e) => setFormData((prev) => ({ ...prev, name: e.target.value }))}
-                                    placeholder="Ex: Bourse d'excellence"
+                                    placeholder={t('parametres.scholarships.name_ph')}
                                     className={errors.name ? 'border-red-500' : ''}
                                 />
                                 {errors.name && (
@@ -95,18 +97,18 @@ export default function Edit({ scholarship }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
 
                             <div>
                                 <label htmlFor="type" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
-                                    Type *
+                                    {t('parametres.scholarships.type_label')}
                                 </label>
                                 <Select
                                     value={formData.type}
                                     onValueChange={(value: ScholarshipType) => setFormData((prev) => ({ ...prev, type: value }))}
                                 >
                                     <SelectTrigger className={errors.type ? 'border-red-500' : ''}>
-                                        <SelectValue placeholder="Sélectionner un type" />
+                                        <SelectValue placeholder={t('parametres.scholarships.type_ph')} />
                                     </SelectTrigger>
                                     <SelectContent>
-                                        <SelectItem value="fixed">Montant fixe</SelectItem>
-                                        <SelectItem value="percentage">Pourcentage</SelectItem>
+                                        <SelectItem value="fixed">{t('parametres.scholarships.type_fixed')}</SelectItem>
+                                        <SelectItem value="percentage">{t('parametres.scholarships.type_percentage')}</SelectItem>
                                     </SelectContent>
                                 </Select>
                                 {errors.type && (
@@ -116,7 +118,7 @@ export default function Edit({ scholarship }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
 
                             <div>
                                 <label htmlFor="value" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
-                                    Valeur {formData.type === 'percentage' ? '(%)' : '(montant)'} *
+                                    {formData.type === 'percentage' ? t('parametres.scholarships.value_label_pct') : t('parametres.scholarships.value_label_fixed')}
                                 </label>
                                 <Input
                                     id="value"
@@ -125,7 +127,7 @@ export default function Edit({ scholarship }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
                                     min="0"
                                     value={formData.value}
                                     onChange={(e) => setFormData((prev) => ({ ...prev, value: e.target.value }))}
-                                    placeholder={formData.type === 'percentage' ? 'Ex: 15' : 'Ex: 100.00'}
+                                    placeholder={formData.type === 'percentage' ? t('parametres.scholarships.value_ph_pct') : t('parametres.scholarships.value_ph_fixed')}
                                     className={errors.value ? 'border-red-500' : ''}
                                 />
                                 {errors.value && (
@@ -135,13 +137,13 @@ export default function Edit({ scholarship }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
 
                             <div className="md:col-span-2">
                                 <label htmlFor="description" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">
-                                    Description
+                                    {t('parametres.scholarships.description')}
                                 </label>
                                 <textarea
                                     id="description"
                                     value={formData.description}
                                     onChange={(e) => setFormData((prev) => ({ ...prev, description: e.target.value }))}
-                                    placeholder="Décrivez la bourse..."
+                                    placeholder={t('parametres.scholarships.description_ph')}
                                     rows={4}
                                     className="w-full px-3 py-2 border border-gray-300 rounded-lg focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-blue-500"
                                 />
@@ -158,14 +160,14 @@ export default function Edit({ scholarship }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
                             disabled={isSubmitting}
                             className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700"
                         >
-                            {isSubmitting ? 'Mise à jour...' : 'Mettre à jour'}
+                            {isSubmitting ? t('parametres.common.updating') : t('parametres.common.update')}
                         </Button>
                         <Button
                             type="button"
                             variant="outline"
                             onClick={() => router.get(route('scholarships.index'))}
                         >
-                            Annuler
+                            {t('parametres.common.cancel')}
                         </Button>
                     </div>
                 </form>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Scholarships/Index.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Scholarships/Index.tsx
index 2f2501ec..9c0569d7 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Scholarships/Index.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Scholarships/Index.tsx
@@ -23,6 +23,7 @@ import {
     TableRow,
 } from '@/components/ui/table';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Scholarship {
@@ -53,6 +54,8 @@ interface IndexProps {
 }
 
 export default function Index({ scholarships, message, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>) {
+    const { t, locale } = useTranslation();
+    const dateLocale = locale === 'en' ? 'en-GB' : 'fr-FR';
     const fmtMoney = useMoney();
     const [deleteConfirm, setDeleteConfirm] = useState<string | null>(null);
     const [isDeleting, setIsDeleting] = useState(false);
@@ -91,21 +94,21 @@ export default function Index({ scholarships, message, filters }: Readonly<Index
 
     const statsCards = [
         {
-            title: 'Bourses totales',
+            title: t('parametres.scholarships.stat_total'),
             value: scholarships.total,
             icon: Percent,
             bgColor: 'bg-blue-50',
             textColor: 'text-blue-600',
         },
         {
-            title: 'Bourses en %',
+            title: t('parametres.scholarships.stat_percentage'),
             value: percentageCount,
             icon: Percent,
             bgColor: 'bg-green-50',
             textColor: 'text-green-600',
         },
         {
-            title: 'Montants fixes',
+            title: t('parametres.scholarships.stat_fixed'),
             value: fixedCount,
             icon: Wallet,
             bgColor: 'bg-purple-50',
@@ -123,7 +126,7 @@ export default function Index({ scholarships, message, filters }: Readonly<Index
     };
 
     const formatDate = (date: string) => {
-        return new Intl.DateTimeFormat('fr-FR', {
+        return new Intl.DateTimeFormat(dateLocale, {
             day: '2-digit',
             month: '2-digit',
             year: 'numeric',
@@ -132,16 +135,16 @@ export default function Index({ scholarships, message, filters }: Readonly<Index
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Bourses" />
+            <Head title={t('parametres.scholarships.head')} />
 
             <div className="space-y-6">
                 <div className="flex items-start justify-between">
                     <div>
                         <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3"><Percent className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />
-                            Bourses
+                            {t('parametres.scholarships.title')}
                         </h1>
                         <p className="mt-2 text-lg text-gray-600">
-                            Gérez les réductions de frais de scolarité
+                            {t('parametres.scholarships.subtitle')}
                         </p>
                     </div>
                     <Button
@@ -149,7 +152,7 @@ export default function Index({ scholarships, message, filters }: Readonly<Index
                         className="gap-2 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700"
                     >
                         <Plus className="w-5 h-5" />
-                        Nouvelle bourse
+                        {t('parametres.scholarships.new')}
                     </Button>
                 </div>
 
@@ -191,7 +194,7 @@ export default function Index({ scholarships, message, filters }: Readonly<Index
                                 <Search className="absolute left-3 top-1/2 -translate-y-1/2 w-5 h-5 text-blue-400 group-focus-within:text-blue-600 transition" />
                                 <Input
                                     type="text"
-                                    placeholder="Rechercher une bourse..."
+                                    placeholder={t('parametres.scholarships.search_ph')}
                                     value={searchQuery}
                                     onChange={(e) => setSearchQuery(e.target.value)}
                                     onKeyDown={(e) => e.key === 'Enter' && handleSearch()}
@@ -211,12 +214,12 @@ export default function Index({ scholarships, message, filters }: Readonly<Index
                                 className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700 text-white gap-2 shrink-0 transition"
                             >
                                 <Search className="w-4 h-4" />
-                                Rechercher
+                                {t('parametres.common.search')}
                             </Button>
                         </div>
                         {searchQuery && (
                             <p className="text-sm text-gray-500 mt-3">
-                                Résultats pour : <span className="font-semibold text-gray-700">« {searchQuery} »</span>
+                                {t('parametres.scholarships.search_results')} <span className="font-semibold text-gray-700">« {searchQuery} »</span>
                             </p>
                         )}
                     </div>
@@ -227,11 +230,11 @@ export default function Index({ scholarships, message, filters }: Readonly<Index
                         <Table>
                             <TableHeader className="bg-gray-50">
                                 <TableRow className="border-b border-gray-200">
-                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Nom</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Type</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Valeur</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Date de création</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead className="text-center font-semibold text-gray-900 w-24">Actions</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.scholarships.th_name')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.scholarships.th_type')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.scholarships.th_value')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.scholarships.th_created')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="text-center font-semibold text-gray-900 w-24">{t('parametres.common.actions')}</TableHead>
                                 </TableRow>
                             </TableHeader>
                             <TableBody>
@@ -243,7 +246,7 @@ export default function Index({ scholarships, message, filters }: Readonly<Index
                                         >
                                             <div className="flex flex-col items-center gap-2">
                                                 <Percent className="w-12 h-12 text-gray-300" />
-                                                <p className="text-lg">Aucune bourse trouvée</p>
+                                                <p className="text-lg">{t('parametres.scholarships.empty')}</p>
                                             </div>
                                         </TableCell>
                                     </TableRow>
@@ -260,7 +263,7 @@ export default function Index({ scholarships, message, filters }: Readonly<Index
                                             </TableCell>
                                             <TableCell>
                                                 <span className="bg-blue-100 text-blue-800 px-3 py-1 rounded-full text-sm font-medium">
-                                                    {scholarship.type === 'percentage' ? 'Pourcentage' : 'Montant fixe'}
+                                                    {scholarship.type === 'percentage' ? t('parametres.scholarships.type_percentage') : t('parametres.scholarships.type_fixed')}
                                                 </span>
                                             </TableCell>
                                             <TableCell className="font-medium text-gray-900">
@@ -272,19 +275,19 @@ export default function Index({ scholarships, message, filters }: Readonly<Index
                                             <TableCell className="text-center">
                                                 <div className="flex gap-2 justify-center">
                                                     <IconButton
-                                                        label="Voir"
+                                                        label={t('parametres.common.view')}
                                                         icon={<Eye className="w-4 h-4" />}
                                                         className="border-gray-300 text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-50 hover:text-gray-900"
                                                         onClick={() => router.visit(route('scholarships.show', scholarship.id))}
                                                     />
                                                     <IconButton
-                                                        label="Modifier"
+                                                        label={t('parametres.common.edit')}
                                                         icon={<Pencil className="w-4 h-4" />}
                                                         className="border-gray-300 text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-50 hover:text-gray-900"
                                                         onClick={() => router.get(route('scholarships.edit', scholarship.id))}
                                                     />
                                                     <IconButton
-                                                        label="Supprimer"
+                                                        label={t('parametres.common.delete')}
                                                         icon={<Trash2 className="w-4 h-4" />}
                                                         className="border-red-300 text-red-600 hover:bg-red-50 hover:text-red-700"
                                                         onClick={() => setDeleteConfirm(scholarship.id)}
@@ -303,7 +306,7 @@ export default function Index({ scholarships, message, filters }: Readonly<Index
                     <div className="bg-white rounded-lg shadow-sm border border-gray-100 p-4">
                         <div className="flex items-center justify-between">
                             <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">
-                                Affichage <span className="font-semibold">{scholarships.from}</span> à <span className="font-semibold">{scholarships.to}</span> sur <span className="font-semibold">{scholarships.total}</span> bourses
+                                {t('parametres.scholarships.page_showing')} <span className="font-semibold">{scholarships.from}</span> {t('parametres.scholarships.page_to')} <span className="font-semibold">{scholarships.to}</span> {t('parametres.scholarships.page_of')} <span className="font-semibold">{scholarships.total}</span> {t('parametres.scholarships.page_unit')}
                             </p>
                             <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
                                 <Button
@@ -317,7 +320,7 @@ export default function Index({ scholarships, message, filters }: Readonly<Index
                                     className="border-gray-300 text-gray-700 hover:bg-blue-50 hover:text-blue-700 hover:border-blue-300 disabled:opacity-50 disabled:cursor-not-allowed"
                                 >
                                     <ChevronLeft className="w-4 h-4 mr-1" />
-                                    Précédent
+                                    {t('parametres.common.prev')}
                                 </Button>
                                 <div className="flex gap-1">
                                     {Array.from({ length: Math.min(5, scholarships.last_page) }, (_, i) => {
@@ -355,12 +358,12 @@ export default function Index({ scholarships, message, filters }: Readonly<Index
                                     }, { preserveScroll: true })}
                                     className="border-gray-300 text-gray-700 hover:bg-blue-50 hover:text-blue-700 hover:border-blue-300 disabled:opacity-50 disabled:cursor-not-allowed"
                                 >
-                                    Suivant
+                                    {t('parametres.common.next')}
                                     <ChevronRight className="w-4 h-4 ml-1" />
                                 </Button>
                             </div>
                             <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">
-                                Page <span className="font-semibold">{scholarships.current_page}</span> sur <span className="font-semibold">{scholarships.last_page}</span>
+                                {t('parametres.scholarships.page_label')} <span className="font-semibold">{scholarships.current_page}</span> {t('parametres.scholarships.page_of')} <span className="font-semibold">{scholarships.last_page}</span>
                             </p>
                         </div>
                     </div>
@@ -370,19 +373,19 @@ export default function Index({ scholarships, message, filters }: Readonly<Index
             <AlertDialog open={!!deleteConfirm} onOpenChange={() => setDeleteConfirm(null)}>
                 <AlertDialogContent>
                     <AlertDialogHeader>
-                        <AlertDialogTitle>Supprimer la bourse</AlertDialogTitle>
+                        <AlertDialogTitle>{t('parametres.scholarships.delete_title')}</AlertDialogTitle>
                         <AlertDialogDescription>
-                            Êtes-vous sûr de vouloir supprimer cette bourse ? Cette action est irréversible.
+                            {t('parametres.scholarships.delete_desc')}
                         </AlertDialogDescription>
                     </AlertDialogHeader>
                     <div className="flex gap-3 justify-end">
-                        <AlertDialogCancel>Annuler</AlertDialogCancel>
+                        <AlertDialogCancel>{t('parametres.common.cancel')}</AlertDialogCancel>
                         <AlertDialogAction
                             onClick={() => deleteConfirm && handleDelete(deleteConfirm)}
                             disabled={isDeleting}
                             className="bg-red-600 hover:bg-red-700"
                         >
-                            {isDeleting ? 'Suppression...' : 'Supprimer'}
+                            {isDeleting ? t('parametres.scholarships.deleting') : t('parametres.common.delete')}
                         </AlertDialogAction>
                     </div>
                 </AlertDialogContent>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Scholarships/Show.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Scholarships/Show.tsx
index 12cf9ae0..a10319b2 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Scholarships/Show.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Scholarships/Show.tsx
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import { useMoney } from '@/helpers/money';
 import { ArrowLeft, Percent, Calendar, FileText, Wallet } from 'lucide-react';
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 type ScholarshipType = 'percentage' | 'fixed';
@@ -22,9 +23,11 @@ interface ShowProps {
 }
 
 export default function Show({ scholarship }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
+    const { t, locale } = useTranslation();
+    const dateLocale = locale === 'en' ? 'en-GB' : 'fr-FR';
     const fmtMoney = useMoney();
     const formatDate = (date: string) => {
-        return new Date(date).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR', {
+        return new Date(date).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale, {
             year: 'numeric',
             month: 'long',
             day: 'numeric',
@@ -57,7 +60,7 @@ export default function Show({ scholarship }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                                     {scholarship.name}
                                 </h1>
                                 <span className="inline-block mt-1 px-3 py-1 bg-blue-100 text-blue-800 text-sm font-medium rounded-full">
-                                    {scholarship.type === 'percentage' ? 'Pourcentage' : 'Montant fixe'}
+                                    {scholarship.type === 'percentage' ? t('parametres.scholarships.type_percentage') : t('parametres.scholarships.type_fixed')}
                                 </span>
                             </div>
                         </div>
@@ -66,7 +69,7 @@ export default function Show({ scholarship }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                         onClick={() => router.get(route('scholarships.edit', scholarship.id))}
                         className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700"
                     >
-                        Modifier
+                        {t('parametres.common.edit')}
                     </Button>
                 </div>
 
@@ -75,15 +78,15 @@ export default function Show({ scholarship }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                         <div className="bg-white rounded-lg border border-gray-200 p-6">
                             <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-4 flex items-center gap-2">
                                 <Percent className="w-5 h-5 text-blue-600" />
-                                Informations de la bourse
+                                {t('parametres.scholarships.form_section')}
                             </h2>
                             <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-4">
                                 <div>
-                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Nom</p>
+                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('parametres.scholarships.th_name')}</p>
                                     <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">{scholarship.name}</p>
                                 </div>
                                 <div>
-                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Valeur</p>
+                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('parametres.scholarships.show_value')}</p>
                                     <p className="font-medium text-gray-900 mt-1">{formattedValue}</p>
                                 </div>
                             </div>
@@ -92,30 +95,30 @@ export default function Show({ scholarship }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                         <div className="bg-white rounded-lg border border-gray-200 p-6">
                             <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-4 flex items-center gap-2">
                                 <FileText className="w-5 h-5 text-blue-600" />
-                                Description
+                                {t('parametres.scholarships.show_description')}
                             </h2>
                             <p className="text-gray-700 whitespace-pre-wrap">
-                                {scholarship.description || 'Aucune description disponible'}
+                                {scholarship.description || t('parametres.scholarships.show_no_description')}
                             </p>
                         </div>
 
                         <div className="bg-white rounded-lg border border-gray-200 p-6">
                             <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-4 flex items-center gap-2">
                                 <Calendar className="w-5 h-5 text-blue-600" />
-                                Historique
+                                {t('parametres.scholarships.history')}
                             </h2>
                             <div className="space-y-3">
                                 <div className="flex items-start gap-3">
                                     <div className="w-2 h-2 bg-blue-600 rounded-full mt-2"></div>
                                     <div>
-                                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Créée le</p>
+                                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('parametres.scholarships.created_on')}</p>
                                         <p className="font-medium text-gray-900">{formatDate(scholarship.created_at)}</p>
                                     </div>
                                 </div>
                                 <div className="flex items-start gap-3">
                                     <div className="w-2 h-2 bg-gray-400 rounded-full mt-2"></div>
                                     <div>
-                                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Dernière modification</p>
+                                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('parametres.scholarships.updated_on')}</p>
                                         <p className="font-medium text-gray-900">{formatDate(scholarship.updated_at)}</p>
                                     </div>
                                 </div>
@@ -125,16 +128,16 @@ export default function Show({ scholarship }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
 
                     <div className="lg:col-span-1 space-y-6">
                         <div className="bg-white rounded-lg border border-gray-200 p-6">
-                            <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-4">Résumé</h2>
+                            <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-4">{t('parametres.scholarships.summary')}</h2>
                             <div className="space-y-4">
                                 <div className="p-4 bg-blue-50 rounded-lg">
-                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Type</p>
+                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('parametres.scholarships.th_type')}</p>
                                     <p className="text-xl font-bold text-blue-600 mt-1">
-                                        {scholarship.type === 'percentage' ? 'Pourcentage' : 'Montant fixe'}
+                                        {scholarship.type === 'percentage' ? t('parametres.scholarships.type_percentage') : t('parametres.scholarships.type_fixed')}
                                     </p>
                                 </div>
                                 <div className="p-4 bg-green-50 rounded-lg">
-                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Valeur actuelle</p>
+                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('parametres.scholarships.current_value')}</p>
                                     <p className="text-xl font-bold text-green-600 mt-1 flex items-center gap-1">
                                         <Wallet className="w-5 h-5" />
                                         {formattedValue}
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Schools/Create.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Schools/Create.tsx
index d5346d6a..07d6fa43 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Schools/Create.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Schools/Create.tsx
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { Head, router, useForm } from '@inertiajs/react';
 import { SchoolForm, type SchoolFormData, type CurrencyOption } from '@/components/Schools/school-form';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 const initialValues: SchoolFormData = {
@@ -25,6 +26,7 @@ const initialValues: SchoolFormData = {
 interface ClassroomTypeOption { id: string; name: string; period_system: string; }
 
 export default function Create({ classroomTypes = [], currencies = [] }: Readonly<{ classroomTypes?: ClassroomTypeOption[]; currencies?: CurrencyOption[] }>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const { data, setData, post, processing, errors } = useForm<SchoolFormData>(initialValues);
 
     const handleSubmit = (event: React.FormEvent<HTMLFormElement>) => {
@@ -34,12 +36,12 @@ export default function Create({ classroomTypes = [], currencies = [] }: Readonl
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Nouvelle école" />
+            <Head title={t('parametres.schools.create_head')} />
 
             <div className="w-full space-y-6">
                 <div>
-                    <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900">Configurer l'école</h1>
-                    <p className="mt-2 text-gray-600">Renseignez les informations de l'établissement.</p>
+                    <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900">{t('parametres.schools.create_title')}</h1>
+                    <p className="mt-2 text-gray-600">{t('parametres.schools.create_subtitle')}</p>
                 </div>
 
                 <SchoolForm
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Schools/Edit.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Schools/Edit.tsx
index 51fb74cb..135377e3 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Schools/Edit.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Schools/Edit.tsx
@@ -1,6 +1,7 @@
 import { Head, router, useForm } from '@inertiajs/react';
 import { SchoolForm, type SchoolFormData, type CurrencyOption } from '@/components/Schools/school-form';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface School {
@@ -33,6 +34,7 @@ interface EditProps {
 }
 
 export default function Edit({ school, classroomTypes = [], selectedClassTypes = [], currencies = [] }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const currentLogoUrl = school.logo_url ?? null;
 
     const { data, setData, post, transform, processing, errors } = useForm<SchoolFormData>({
@@ -63,12 +65,12 @@ export default function Edit({ school, classroomTypes = [], selectedClassTypes =
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title={`Éditer ${school.name}`} />
+            <Head title={t('parametres.schools.edit_head', { name: school.name })} />
 
             <div className="w-full space-y-6">
                 <div>
-                    <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900">Paramètres de l'école</h1>
-                    <p className="mt-2 text-gray-600">Informations, logo, en-tête et devise de {school.name}.</p>
+                    <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900">{t('parametres.schools.edit_title')}</h1>
+                    <p className="mt-2 text-gray-600">{t('parametres.schools.edit_subtitle', { name: school.name })}</p>
                 </div>
 
                 <SchoolForm
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Schools/Show.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Schools/Show.tsx
index 4e0f736c..60293156 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Schools/Show.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Schools/Show.tsx
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { Head, Link } from '@inertiajs/react';
 import { ArrowLeft, Building2, CalendarClock, CheckCircle2, ImageIcon, Mail, MapPin, Pencil, Phone, Quote, XCircle, School } from 'lucide-react';
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface School {
@@ -28,6 +29,8 @@ interface ShowProps {
 }
 
 export default function Show({ school }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
+    const { t, locale } = useTranslation();
+    const dateLocale = locale === 'en' ? 'en-GB' : 'fr-FR';
     const logoUrl = school.logo_url ?? null;
 
     return (
@@ -64,11 +67,11 @@ export default function Show({ school }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                                     <span className="text-xs text-gray-400 font-mono">{school.code}</span>
                                     {school.active ? (
                                         <span className="inline-flex items-center gap-1 px-2 py-0.5 rounded-full bg-green-100 text-green-700 text-xs font-semibold">
-                                            <CheckCircle2 className="w-3 h-3" /> Active
+                                            <CheckCircle2 className="w-3 h-3" /> {t('parametres.schools.active')}
                                         </span>
                                     ) : (
                                         <span className="inline-flex items-center gap-1 px-2 py-0.5 rounded-full bg-red-100 text-red-700 text-xs font-semibold">
-                                            <XCircle className="w-3 h-3" /> Inactive
+                                            <XCircle className="w-3 h-3" /> {t('parametres.schools.inactive')}
                                         </span>
                                     )}
                                 </div>
@@ -78,7 +81,7 @@ export default function Show({ school }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                     <Link href={route('schools.edit', school.id)}>
                         <Button className="gap-2 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700 shadow-sm">
                             <Pencil className="w-4 h-4" />
-                            Éditer
+                            {t('parametres.common.edit')}
                         </Button>
                     </Link>
                 </div>
@@ -88,31 +91,31 @@ export default function Show({ school }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                     <div className="bg-white rounded-2xl p-6 shadow-sm ring-1 ring-gray-100 space-y-4">
                         <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-2">
                             <Building2 className="w-5 h-5 text-blue-600" />
-                            Informations générales
+                            {t('parametres.schools.section_general')}
                         </h2>
 
                         <div>
-                            <p className="text-xs text-gray-500 uppercase tracking-wide">Terme / Entité</p>
+                            <p className="text-xs text-gray-500 uppercase tracking-wide">{t('parametres.schools.terme_entity')}</p>
                             <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mt-0.5">{school.terme || '-'}</p>
                         </div>
 
                         <div>
                             <p className="text-xs text-gray-500 uppercase tracking-wide flex items-center gap-1">
-                                <Quote className="w-3 h-3" /> Devise
+                                <Quote className="w-3 h-3" /> {t('parametres.schools.devise')}
                             </p>
                             <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 italic mt-0.5">{school.devise || '-'}</p>
                         </div>
 
                         <div>
                             <p className="text-xs text-gray-500 uppercase tracking-wide flex items-center gap-1">
-                                <Mail className="w-3 h-3" /> E-mail
+                                <Mail className="w-3 h-3" /> {t('parametres.schools.email')}
                             </p>
                             <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mt-0.5">{school.email || '-'}</p>
                         </div>
 
                         <div>
                             <p className="text-xs text-gray-500 uppercase tracking-wide flex items-center gap-1">
-                                <Phone className="w-3 h-3" /> Téléphone
+                                <Phone className="w-3 h-3" /> {t('parametres.schools.phone')}
                             </p>
                             <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mt-0.5">{school.phone || '-'}</p>
                         </div>
@@ -123,22 +126,22 @@ export default function Show({ school }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                         <div className="bg-white rounded-2xl p-6 shadow-sm ring-1 ring-gray-100 space-y-3">
                             <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-2">
                                 <MapPin className="w-5 h-5 text-emerald-600" />
-                                Localisation
+                                {t('parametres.schools.section_location')}
                             </h2>
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-xs text-gray-500 uppercase tracking-wide">Région</p>
+                                <p className="text-xs text-gray-500 uppercase tracking-wide">{t('parametres.schools.region')}</p>
                                 <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mt-0.5">{school.region || '-'}</p>
                             </div>
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-xs text-gray-500 uppercase tracking-wide">Ville</p>
+                                <p className="text-xs text-gray-500 uppercase tracking-wide">{t('parametres.schools.city')}</p>
                                 <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mt-0.5">{school.city || '-'}</p>
                             </div>
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-xs text-gray-500 uppercase tracking-wide">Boîte postale</p>
+                                <p className="text-xs text-gray-500 uppercase tracking-wide">{t('parametres.schools.po_box')}</p>
                                 <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mt-0.5">{school.po_box || '-'}</p>
                             </div>
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-xs text-gray-500 uppercase tracking-wide">Adresse</p>
+                                <p className="text-xs text-gray-500 uppercase tracking-wide">{t('parametres.schools.address')}</p>
                                 <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mt-0.5 whitespace-pre-wrap">{school.address || '-'}</p>
                             </div>
                         </div>
@@ -146,18 +149,18 @@ export default function Show({ school }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                         <div className="bg-white rounded-2xl p-6 shadow-sm ring-1 ring-gray-100 space-y-3">
                             <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-2">
                                 <CalendarClock className="w-5 h-5 text-violet-600" />
-                                Événements
+                                {t('parametres.schools.section_events')}
                             </h2>
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-xs text-gray-500 uppercase tracking-wide">Créée le</p>
+                                <p className="text-xs text-gray-500 uppercase tracking-wide">{t('parametres.schools.created_on')}</p>
                                 <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mt-0.5">
-                                    {new Date(school.created_at).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR', { year: 'numeric', month: 'long', day: 'numeric', hour: '2-digit', minute: '2-digit' })}
+                                    {new Date(school.created_at).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale, { year: 'numeric', month: 'long', day: 'numeric', hour: '2-digit', minute: '2-digit' })}
                                 </p>
                             </div>
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-xs text-gray-500 uppercase tracking-wide">Modifiée le</p>
+                                <p className="text-xs text-gray-500 uppercase tracking-wide">{t('parametres.schools.updated_on')}</p>
                                 <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mt-0.5">
-                                    {new Date(school.updated_at).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR', { year: 'numeric', month: 'long', day: 'numeric', hour: '2-digit', minute: '2-digit' })}
+                                    {new Date(school.updated_at).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale, { year: 'numeric', month: 'long', day: 'numeric', hour: '2-digit', minute: '2-digit' })}
                                 </p>
                             </div>
                         </div>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Subjects/Create.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Subjects/Create.tsx
index cdb778f5..a031c276 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Subjects/Create.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Subjects/Create.tsx
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import {
     type SubjectFormData,
 } from '@/components/Subjects/subject-form';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 const initialValues: SubjectFormData = {
@@ -17,6 +18,7 @@ const initialValues: SubjectFormData = {
 interface ParentSubject { id: string; name: string }
 
 export default function Create({ parents = [] }: Readonly<{ parents?: ParentSubject[] }>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const { data, setData, post, processing, errors } = useForm<SubjectFormData>(initialValues);
 
     const handleSubmit = (event: React.SubmitEvent<HTMLFormElement>) => {
@@ -26,7 +28,7 @@ export default function Create({ parents = [] }: Readonly<{ parents?: ParentSubj
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Créer une matière" />
+            <Head title={t('parametres.subjects.create_head')} />
 
             <div className="w-full space-y-6">
                 <div className="flex items-center gap-4">
@@ -38,8 +40,8 @@ export default function Create({ parents = [] }: Readonly<{ parents?: ParentSubj
                         <ArrowLeft className="w-5 h-5 text-gray-600" />
                     </button>
                     <div>
-                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900">Créer une matière</h1>
-                        <p className="mt-2 text-gray-600">Renseignez les informations de la matière.</p>
+                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900">{t('parametres.subjects.create_title')}</h1>
+                        <p className="mt-2 text-gray-600">{t('parametres.subjects.create_subtitle')}</p>
                     </div>
                 </div>
 
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Subjects/Edit.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Subjects/Edit.tsx
index 9995f16a..4bb3158d 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Subjects/Edit.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Subjects/Edit.tsx
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ import {
     type SubjectFormData,
 } from '@/components/Subjects/subject-form';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Subject {
@@ -23,6 +24,7 @@ interface EditProps {
 }
 
 export default function Edit({ subject, parents = [] }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const { data, setData, put, processing, errors } = useForm<SubjectFormData>({
         name: subject.name,
         code: subject.code,
@@ -37,7 +39,7 @@ export default function Edit({ subject, parents = [] }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title={`Éditer ${subject.name}`} />
+            <Head title={t('parametres.subjects.edit_head', { name: subject.name })} />
 
             <div className="w-full space-y-6">
                 <div className="flex items-center gap-4">
@@ -49,8 +51,8 @@ export default function Edit({ subject, parents = [] }: Readonly<EditProps>) {
                         <ArrowLeft className="w-5 h-5 text-gray-600" />
                     </button>
                     <div>
-                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900">Éditer une matière</h1>
-                        <p className="mt-2 text-gray-600">Mettez à jour les informations de {subject.name}.</p>
+                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900">{t('parametres.subjects.edit_title')}</h1>
+                        <p className="mt-2 text-gray-600">{t('parametres.subjects.edit_subtitle', { name: subject.name })}</p>
                     </div>
                 </div>
 
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Subjects/Index.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Subjects/Index.tsx
index 7a3f7acb..df3ccf68 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Subjects/Index.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Subjects/Index.tsx
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ import {
     TableRow,
 } from '@/components/ui/table';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Subject {
@@ -51,6 +52,7 @@ interface IndexProps {
 }
 
 export default function Index({ subjects, message, filters }: Readonly<IndexProps>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const [deleteConfirm, setDeleteConfirm] = useState<string | null>(null);
     const [isDeleting, setIsDeleting] = useState(false);
     const [searchQuery, setSearchQuery] = useState(filters.search || '');
@@ -85,7 +87,7 @@ export default function Index({ subjects, message, filters }: Readonly<IndexProp
 
     const statsCards = [
         {
-            title: 'Matières totales',
+            title: t('parametres.subjects.stat_total'),
             value: subjects.total,
             icon: BookOpen,
             cardClass: 'bg-linear-to-br from-blue-50/70 to-white ring-1 ring-blue-100',
@@ -93,7 +95,7 @@ export default function Index({ subjects, message, filters }: Readonly<IndexProp
             textColor: 'text-blue-600',
         },
         {
-            title: 'Résultats affichés',
+            title: t('parametres.subjects.stat_shown'),
             value: subjects.data.length,
             icon: CheckCircle2,
             cardClass: 'bg-linear-to-br from-emerald-50/70 to-white ring-1 ring-emerald-100',
@@ -101,7 +103,7 @@ export default function Index({ subjects, message, filters }: Readonly<IndexProp
             textColor: 'text-green-600',
         },
         {
-            title: 'Page',
+            title: t('parametres.subjects.stat_page'),
             value: `${subjects.current_page}/${subjects.last_page}`,
             icon: BookOpen,
             cardClass: 'bg-linear-to-br from-violet-50/70 to-white ring-1 ring-violet-100',
@@ -112,25 +114,25 @@ export default function Index({ subjects, message, filters }: Readonly<IndexProp
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Matières" />
+            <Head title={t('parametres.subjects.head')} />
 
             <div className="w-full space-y-6">
                 {/* Header */}
                 <div className="flex items-start justify-between">
                     <div>
                         <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3"><BookOpen className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />
-                            Matières
+                            {t('parametres.subjects.title')}
                         </h1>
                         <p className="mt-2 text-lg text-gray-600">
-                            Gérez les matières enseignées
+                            {t('parametres.subjects.subtitle')}
                         </p>
                     </div>
-                    <Button 
+                    <Button
                         onClick={() => router.get(route('subjects.create'))}
                         className="gap-2 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700"
                     >
                         <Plus className="w-5 h-5" />
-                        Nouvelle matière
+                        {t('parametres.subjects.new')}
                     </Button>
                 </div>
 
@@ -177,7 +179,7 @@ export default function Index({ subjects, message, filters }: Readonly<IndexProp
                                 <Search className="absolute left-3 top-1/2 -translate-y-1/2 w-5 h-5 text-blue-400 group-focus-within:text-blue-600 transition" />
                                 <Input
                                     type="text"
-                                    placeholder="Rechercher une matière par nom ou code..."
+                                    placeholder={t('parametres.subjects.search_ph')}
                                     value={searchQuery}
                                     onChange={(e) => setSearchQuery(e.target.value)}
                                     onKeyDown={(e) => e.key === 'Enter' && handleSearch()}
@@ -197,12 +199,12 @@ export default function Index({ subjects, message, filters }: Readonly<IndexProp
                                 className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700 text-white gap-2 shrink-0 transition"
                             >
                                 <Search className="w-4 h-4" />
-                                Rechercher
+                                {t('parametres.common.search')}
                             </Button>
                         </div>
                         {searchQuery && (
                             <p className="text-sm text-gray-500 mt-3">
-                                Résultats pour : <span className="font-semibold text-gray-700">« {searchQuery} »</span>
+                                {t('parametres.subjects.search_results')} <span className="font-semibold text-gray-700">« {searchQuery} »</span>
                             </p>
                         )}
                     </div>
@@ -214,10 +216,10 @@ export default function Index({ subjects, message, filters }: Readonly<IndexProp
                         <Table>
                             <TableHeader className="bg-gray-50">
                                 <TableRow className="border-b border-gray-200">
-                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Code</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Nom</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Description</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead className="text-center font-semibold text-gray-900 w-24">Actions</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.subjects.th_code')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.subjects.th_name')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.subjects.th_description')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="text-center font-semibold text-gray-900 w-24">{t('parametres.common.actions')}</TableHead>
                                 </TableRow>
                             </TableHeader>
                             <TableBody>
@@ -229,7 +231,7 @@ export default function Index({ subjects, message, filters }: Readonly<IndexProp
                                         >
                                             <div className="flex flex-col items-center gap-2">
                                                 <BookOpen className="w-12 h-12 text-gray-300" />
-                                                <p className="text-lg">Aucune matière trouvée</p>
+                                                <p className="text-lg">{t('parametres.subjects.empty')}</p>
                                             </div>
                                         </TableCell>
                                     </TableRow>
@@ -248,25 +250,25 @@ export default function Index({ subjects, message, filters }: Readonly<IndexProp
                                                 {subject.description ? (
                                                     <span className="line-clamp-2">{subject.description}</span>
                                                 ) : (
-                                                    <span className="text-gray-400 italic">Aucune description</span>
+                                                    <span className="text-gray-400 italic">{t('parametres.subjects.no_description')}</span>
                                                 )}
                                             </TableCell>
                                             <TableCell className="text-center">
                                                 <div className="flex gap-2 justify-center">
                                                     <IconButton
-                                                        label="Voir"
+                                                        label={t('parametres.common.view')}
                                                         icon={<Eye className="w-4 h-4" />}
                                                         className="border-gray-300 text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-50 hover:text-gray-900"
                                                         onClick={() => router.visit(route('subjects.show', subject.id))}
                                                     />
                                                     <IconButton
-                                                        label="Modifier"
+                                                        label={t('parametres.common.edit')}
                                                         icon={<Pencil className="w-4 h-4" />}
                                                         className="border-gray-300 text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-50 hover:text-gray-900"
                                                         onClick={() => router.get(route('subjects.edit', subject.id))}
                                                     />
                                                     <IconButton
-                                                        label="Supprimer"
+                                                        label={t('parametres.common.delete')}
                                                         icon={<Trash2 className="w-4 h-4" />}
                                                         className="border-red-300 text-red-600 hover:bg-red-50 hover:text-red-700"
                                                         onClick={() => setDeleteConfirm(subject.id)}
@@ -286,7 +288,7 @@ export default function Index({ subjects, message, filters }: Readonly<IndexProp
                     <div className="bg-white rounded-2xl shadow-sm ring-1 ring-gray-100 p-4">
                         <div className="flex flex-col gap-3 lg:flex-row lg:items-center lg:justify-between">
                             <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">
-                                Affichage <span className="font-semibold">{subjects.from}</span> à <span className="font-semibold">{subjects.to}</span> sur <span className="font-semibold">{subjects.total}</span> matières
+                                {t('parametres.subjects.page_showing')} <span className="font-semibold">{subjects.from}</span> {t('parametres.subjects.page_to')} <span className="font-semibold">{subjects.to}</span> {t('parametres.subjects.page_of')} <span className="font-semibold">{subjects.total}</span> {t('parametres.subjects.page_unit')}
                             </p>
                             <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
                                 <Button
@@ -300,7 +302,7 @@ export default function Index({ subjects, message, filters }: Readonly<IndexProp
                                     className="border-gray-300 text-gray-700 hover:bg-blue-50 hover:text-blue-700 hover:border-blue-300 disabled:opacity-50 disabled:cursor-not-allowed"
                                 >
                                     <ChevronLeft className="w-4 h-4 mr-1" />
-                                    Précédent
+                                    {t('parametres.common.prev')}
                                 </Button>
                                 <div className="flex gap-1">
                                     {Array.from({ length: Math.min(5, subjects.last_page) }, (_, i) => {
@@ -338,12 +340,12 @@ export default function Index({ subjects, message, filters }: Readonly<IndexProp
                                     }, { preserveScroll: true })}
                                     className="border-gray-300 text-gray-700 hover:bg-blue-50 hover:text-blue-700 hover:border-blue-300 disabled:opacity-50 disabled:cursor-not-allowed"
                                 >
-                                    Suivant
+                                    {t('parametres.common.next')}
                                     <ChevronRight className="w-4 h-4 ml-1" />
                                 </Button>
                             </div>
                             <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">
-                                Page <span className="font-semibold">{subjects.current_page}</span> sur <span className="font-semibold">{subjects.last_page}</span>
+                                {t('parametres.subjects.page_label')} <span className="font-semibold">{subjects.current_page}</span> {t('parametres.subjects.page_of')} <span className="font-semibold">{subjects.last_page}</span>
                             </p>
                         </div>
                     </div>
@@ -354,19 +356,19 @@ export default function Index({ subjects, message, filters }: Readonly<IndexProp
             <AlertDialog open={!!deleteConfirm} onOpenChange={() => setDeleteConfirm(null)}>
                 <AlertDialogContent>
                     <AlertDialogHeader>
-                        <AlertDialogTitle>Supprimer la matière</AlertDialogTitle>
+                        <AlertDialogTitle>{t('parametres.subjects.delete_title')}</AlertDialogTitle>
                         <AlertDialogDescription>
-                            Êtes-vous sûr de vouloir supprimer cette matière ? Cette action est irréversible.
+                            {t('parametres.subjects.delete_desc')}
                         </AlertDialogDescription>
                     </AlertDialogHeader>
                     <div className="flex gap-3 justify-end">
-                        <AlertDialogCancel>Annuler</AlertDialogCancel>
+                        <AlertDialogCancel>{t('parametres.common.cancel')}</AlertDialogCancel>
                         <AlertDialogAction
                             onClick={() => deleteConfirm && handleDelete(deleteConfirm)}
                             disabled={isDeleting}
                             className="bg-red-600 hover:bg-red-700"
                         >
-                            {isDeleting ? 'Suppression...' : 'Supprimer'}
+                            {isDeleting ? t('parametres.subjects.deleting') : t('parametres.common.delete')}
                         </AlertDialogAction>
                     </div>
                 </AlertDialogContent>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Subjects/Show.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Subjects/Show.tsx
index 466554d8..43b4393c 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Subjects/Show.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Parametres/Subjects/Show.tsx
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { Head, router } from '@inertiajs/react';
 import { ArrowLeft, BookOpen, Calendar, FileText, Pencil } from 'lucide-react';
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Subject {
@@ -18,8 +19,10 @@ interface ShowProps {
 }
 
 export default function Show({ subject }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
+    const { t, locale } = useTranslation();
+    const dateLocale = locale === 'en' ? 'en-GB' : 'fr-FR';
     const formatDate = (date: string) => {
-        return new Date(date).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR', {
+        return new Date(date).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale, {
             year: 'numeric',
             month: 'long',
             day: 'numeric',
@@ -48,7 +51,7 @@ export default function Show({ subject }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                             </div>
                             <div>
                                 <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900">{subject.name}</h1>
-                                <p className="mt-2 text-gray-600">Détail et suivi de la matière.</p>
+                                <p className="mt-2 text-gray-600">{t('parametres.subjects.show_subtitle')}</p>
                                 <span className="inline-block mt-2 px-3 py-1 bg-blue-100 text-blue-800 text-sm font-medium rounded-full">
                                     {subject.code}
                                 </span>
@@ -60,7 +63,7 @@ export default function Show({ subject }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                         className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700 gap-2"
                     >
                         <Pencil className="w-4 h-4" />
-                        Modifier
+                        {t('parametres.common.edit')}
                     </Button>
                 </div>
 
@@ -71,15 +74,15 @@ export default function Show({ subject }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                                 <div className="w-9 h-9 rounded-full bg-blue-100 flex items-center justify-center">
                                     <BookOpen className="w-5 h-5 text-blue-600" />
                                 </div>
-                                <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">Informations de la matière</h2>
+                                <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.subjects.info_section')}</h2>
                             </div>
                             <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-4">
                                 <div className="rounded-xl bg-white/80 ring-1 ring-blue-100 px-4 py-3">
-                                    <p className="text-xs uppercase tracking-wide text-gray-500">Code</p>
+                                    <p className="text-xs uppercase tracking-wide text-gray-500">{t('parametres.subjects.th_code')}</p>
                                     <p className="font-semibold text-gray-900 mt-1">{subject.code}</p>
                                 </div>
                                 <div className="rounded-xl bg-white/80 ring-1 ring-blue-100 px-4 py-3">
-                                    <p className="text-xs uppercase tracking-wide text-gray-500">Nom</p>
+                                    <p className="text-xs uppercase tracking-wide text-gray-500">{t('parametres.subjects.th_name')}</p>
                                     <p className="font-semibold text-gray-900 mt-1">{subject.name}</p>
                                 </div>
                             </div>
@@ -90,10 +93,10 @@ export default function Show({ subject }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                                 <div className="w-9 h-9 rounded-full bg-violet-100 flex items-center justify-center">
                                     <FileText className="w-5 h-5 text-violet-600" />
                                 </div>
-                                <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">Description</h2>
+                                <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.subjects.description')}</h2>
                             </div>
                             <p className="text-gray-700 whitespace-pre-wrap leading-relaxed">
-                                {subject.description || 'Aucune description renseignée pour cette matière.'}
+                                {subject.description || t('parametres.subjects.show_no_description')}
                             </p>
                         </div>
                     </div>
@@ -104,29 +107,29 @@ export default function Show({ subject }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                                 <div className="w-9 h-9 rounded-full bg-emerald-100 flex items-center justify-center">
                                     <Calendar className="w-5 h-5 text-emerald-600" />
                                 </div>
-                                <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">Historique</h2>
+                                <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.subjects.history')}</h2>
                             </div>
                             <div className="space-y-3">
                                 <div className="rounded-xl bg-white/80 ring-1 ring-emerald-100 px-4 py-3">
-                                    <p className="text-xs uppercase tracking-wide text-gray-500">Créée le</p>
+                                    <p className="text-xs uppercase tracking-wide text-gray-500">{t('parametres.subjects.created_on')}</p>
                                     <p className="font-semibold text-gray-900 mt-1">{formatDate(subject.created_at)}</p>
                                 </div>
                                 <div className="rounded-xl bg-white/80 ring-1 ring-emerald-100 px-4 py-3">
-                                    <p className="text-xs uppercase tracking-wide text-gray-500">Dernière modification</p>
+                                    <p className="text-xs uppercase tracking-wide text-gray-500">{t('parametres.subjects.updated_on')}</p>
                                     <p className="font-semibold text-gray-900 mt-1">{formatDate(subject.updated_at)}</p>
                                 </div>
                             </div>
                         </div>
 
                         <div className="rounded-2xl p-5 bg-linear-to-br from-amber-50/60 to-white ring-1 ring-amber-100 shadow-sm">
-                            <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">Résumé</h2>
+                            <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('parametres.subjects.summary')}</h2>
                             <p className="text-sm text-gray-700 mt-2">
-                                La matière <span className="font-semibold">{subject.name}</span> est identifiée par le code
+                                {t('parametres.subjects.summary_before')} <span className="font-semibold">{subject.name}</span> {t('parametres.subjects.summary_middle')}
                                 {' '}
                                 <span className="font-semibold">{subject.code}</span>.
                             </p>
                             <p className="text-xs text-gray-500 mt-3">
-                                Les statistiques d'utilisation seront affichées ici dès qu'elles seront disponibles.
+                                {t('parametres.subjects.summary_stats')}
                             </p>
                             <Button
                                 type="button"
@@ -134,7 +137,7 @@ export default function Show({ subject }: Readonly<ShowProps>) {
                                 className="mt-4 w-full border-gray-200 text-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-50"
                                 onClick={() => router.get(route('subjects.edit', subject.id))}
                             >
-                                Modifier cette matière
+                                {t('parametres.subjects.edit_this')}
                             </Button>
                         </div>
                     </div>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Presences/AbsencePermissions/Create.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Presences/AbsencePermissions/Create.tsx
index e94f3e9e..2585850a 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Presences/AbsencePermissions/Create.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Presences/AbsencePermissions/Create.tsx
@@ -4,12 +4,14 @@ import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { Select, SelectContent, SelectItem, SelectTrigger, SelectValue } from '@/components/ui/select';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Student { id: string; firstname: string; lastname: string; matricule: string; }
 interface Props { students: Student[]; preStudentId: string; }
 
 export default function Create({ students, preStudentId }: Readonly<Props>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const { data, setData, post, processing, errors } = useForm({
         student_id:  preStudentId ?? '',
         start_date:  '',
@@ -25,7 +27,7 @@ export default function Create({ students, preStudentId }: Readonly<Props>) {
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Nouvelle demande de permission" />
+            <Head title={t('presences.permissions.create.head')} />
             <div className="w-full space-y-6">
 
                 <div className="flex items-center gap-4">
@@ -33,18 +35,18 @@ export default function Create({ students, preStudentId }: Readonly<Props>) {
                         <ArrowLeft className="w-4 h-4" />
                     </Button>
                     <div>
-                        <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900">Nouvelle demande de permission</h1>
-                        <p className="text-gray-500 mt-1">Demande d'absence justifiée pour un élève</p>
+                        <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900">{t('presences.permissions.create.head')}</h1>
+                        <p className="text-gray-500 mt-1">{t('presences.permissions.create.subtitle')}</p>
                     </div>
                 </div>
 
                 <form onSubmit={submit} className="bg-white rounded-2xl shadow-sm ring-1 ring-gray-100 p-6 space-y-5 w-full">
 
                     <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                        <label className="text-sm font-semibold text-gray-700">Élève *</label>
+                        <label className="text-sm font-semibold text-gray-700">{t('presences.permissions.create.student')}</label>
                         <Select value={data.student_id} onValueChange={v => setData('student_id', v)}>
                             <SelectTrigger className={errors.student_id ? 'ring-red-400' : ''}>
-                                <SelectValue placeholder="Sélectionner un élève" />
+                                <SelectValue placeholder={t('presences.permissions.create.select_student')} />
                             </SelectTrigger>
                             <SelectContent>
                                 {students.map(s => (
@@ -59,45 +61,45 @@ export default function Create({ students, preStudentId }: Readonly<Props>) {
 
                     <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-4">
                         <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                            <label className="text-sm font-semibold text-gray-700">Date de début *</label>
+                            <label className="text-sm font-semibold text-gray-700">{t('presences.permissions.create.start_date')}</label>
                             <Input type="date" value={data.start_date} onChange={e => setData('start_date', e.target.value)} className={errors.start_date ? 'ring-red-400' : ''} />
                             {errors.start_date && <p className="text-xs text-red-500">{errors.start_date}</p>}
                         </div>
                         <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                            <label className="text-sm font-semibold text-gray-700">Date de fin *</label>
+                            <label className="text-sm font-semibold text-gray-700">{t('presences.permissions.create.end_date')}</label>
                             <Input type="date" value={data.end_date} min={data.start_date} onChange={e => setData('end_date', e.target.value)} className={errors.end_date ? 'ring-red-400' : ''} />
                             {errors.end_date && <p className="text-xs text-red-500">{errors.end_date}</p>}
                         </div>
                     </div>
 
                     <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                        <label className="text-sm font-semibold text-gray-700">Motif *</label>
+                        <label className="text-sm font-semibold text-gray-700">{t('presences.permissions.create.reason')}</label>
                         <Select value={data.reason} onValueChange={v => setData('reason', v as typeof data.reason)}>
                             <SelectTrigger><SelectValue /></SelectTrigger>
                             <SelectContent>
-                                <SelectItem value="medical">Médical</SelectItem>
-                                <SelectItem value="familial">Familial</SelectItem>
-                                <SelectItem value="autre">Autre</SelectItem>
+                                <SelectItem value="medical">{t('presences.reason.medical')}</SelectItem>
+                                <SelectItem value="familial">{t('presences.reason.familial')}</SelectItem>
+                                <SelectItem value="autre">{t('presences.reason.autre')}</SelectItem>
                             </SelectContent>
                         </Select>
                     </div>
 
                     <div className="space-y-1.5">
-                        <label className="text-sm font-semibold text-gray-700">Description / Justification *</label>
+                        <label className="text-sm font-semibold text-gray-700">{t('presences.permissions.create.description')}</label>
                         <textarea
                             value={data.description}
                             onChange={e => setData('description', e.target.value)}
                             rows={4}
-                            placeholder="Expliquez la raison de l'absence..."
+                            placeholder={t('presences.permissions.create.description_ph')}
                             className={`w-full rounded-lg border px-3 py-2 text-sm text-gray-900 resize-none focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-blue-500 ${errors.description ? 'border-red-400' : 'border-gray-300'}`}
                         />
                         {errors.description && <p className="text-xs text-red-500">{errors.description}</p>}
                     </div>
 
                     <div className="flex justify-end gap-3 pt-2">
-                        <Button type="button" variant="outline" onClick={() => router.get(route('absence-permissions.index'))}>Annuler</Button>
+                        <Button type="button" variant="outline" onClick={() => router.get(route('absence-permissions.index'))}>{t('common.actions.cancel')}</Button>
                         <Button type="submit" className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700" disabled={processing}>
-                            {processing ? 'Envoi...' : 'Soumettre la demande'}
+                            {processing ? t('presences.permissions.create.submitting') : t('presences.permissions.create.submit')}
                         </Button>
                     </div>
                 </form>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Presences/AbsencePermissions/Index.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Presences/AbsencePermissions/Index.tsx
index 8700ed30..dd731f6e 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Presences/AbsencePermissions/Index.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Presences/AbsencePermissions/Index.tsx
@@ -10,6 +10,7 @@ import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { Select, SelectContent, SelectItem, SelectTrigger, SelectValue } from '@/components/ui/select';
 import { Table, TableBody, TableCell, TableHead, TableHeader, TableRow } from '@/components/ui/table';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Student { id: string; firstname: string; lastname: string; matricule: string; }
@@ -38,14 +39,14 @@ interface Props {
 }
 
 const STATUS = {
-    pending:  { label: 'En attente', color: 'bg-amber-100 text-amber-700',   icon: Clock },
-    approved: { label: 'Approuvée',  color: 'bg-emerald-100 text-emerald-700', icon: CheckCircle2 },
-    rejected: { label: 'Rejetée',    color: 'bg-red-100 text-red-700',       icon: XCircle },
+    pending:  { color: 'bg-amber-100 text-amber-700',   icon: Clock },
+    approved: { color: 'bg-emerald-100 text-emerald-700', icon: CheckCircle2 },
+    rejected: { color: 'bg-red-100 text-red-700',       icon: XCircle },
 } as const;
 
-const REASON: Record<string, string> = { medical: 'Médical', familial: 'Familial', autre: 'Autre' };
-
 export default function Index({ permissions, stats, filters }: Readonly<Props>) {
+    const { t, locale } = useTranslation();
+    const dateLocale = locale === 'en' ? 'en-GB' : 'fr-FR';
     const [search, setSearch]     = useState(filters.search ?? '');
     const [status, setStatus]     = useState(filters.status ?? 'all');
     const [deleteId, setDeleteId] = useState<string | null>(null);
@@ -67,27 +68,27 @@ export default function Index({ permissions, stats, filters }: Readonly<Props>)
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Demandes de permission" />
+            <Head title={t('presences.permissions.index.head')} />
             <div className="w-full space-y-6">
 
                 {/* Header */}
                 <div className="flex items-start justify-between gap-4 flex-wrap">
                     <div>
-                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3"><ShieldCheck className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />Demandes de permission</h1>
-                        <p className="mt-2 text-lg text-gray-600">Gérez les demandes d'absence justifiée</p>
+                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3"><ShieldCheck className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />{t('presences.permissions.index.head')}</h1>
+                        <p className="mt-2 text-lg text-gray-600">{t('presences.permissions.index.subtitle')}</p>
                     </div>
                     <Button className="gap-2 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700" onClick={() => router.get(route('absence-permissions.create'))}>
-                        <Plus className="w-4 h-4" /> Nouvelle demande
+                        <Plus className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('presences.permissions.index.new')}
                     </Button>
                 </div>
 
                 {/* Stats cards */}
                 <div className="grid grid-cols-2 lg:grid-cols-4 gap-4">
                     {[
-                        { label: 'Total',      value: stats.total,    icon: Clock,        color: 'text-gray-600',    bg: 'bg-gray-50 ring-gray-100',       filter: 'all' },
-                        { label: 'En attente', value: stats.pending,  icon: Clock,        color: 'text-amber-600',   bg: 'bg-amber-50 ring-amber-100',     filter: 'pending' },
-                        { label: 'Approuvées', value: stats.approved, icon: CheckCircle2, color: 'text-emerald-600', bg: 'bg-emerald-50 ring-emerald-100', filter: 'approved' },
-                        { label: 'Rejetées',   value: stats.rejected, icon: XCircle,      color: 'text-red-600',     bg: 'bg-red-50 ring-red-100',         filter: 'rejected' },
+                        { label: t('presences.permissions.index.total'),    value: stats.total,    icon: Clock,        color: 'text-gray-600',    bg: 'bg-gray-50 ring-gray-100',       filter: 'all' },
+                        { label: t('presences.permissions.index.pending'),  value: stats.pending,  icon: Clock,        color: 'text-amber-600',   bg: 'bg-amber-50 ring-amber-100',     filter: 'pending' },
+                        { label: t('presences.permissions.index.approved'), value: stats.approved, icon: CheckCircle2, color: 'text-emerald-600', bg: 'bg-emerald-50 ring-emerald-100', filter: 'approved' },
+                        { label: t('presences.permissions.index.rejected'), value: stats.rejected, icon: XCircle,      color: 'text-red-600',     bg: 'bg-red-50 ring-red-100',         filter: 'rejected' },
                     ].map(card => {
                         const Icon = card.icon;
                         return (
@@ -112,7 +113,7 @@ export default function Index({ permissions, stats, filters }: Readonly<Props>)
                             value={search}
                             onChange={e => setSearch(e.target.value)}
                             onKeyDown={e => e.key === 'Enter' && apply()}
-                            placeholder="Nom ou matricule de l'élève..."
+                            placeholder={t('presences.permissions.index.search_ph')}
                             className="pl-9"
                         />
                         {search && (
@@ -122,15 +123,15 @@ export default function Index({ permissions, stats, filters }: Readonly<Props>)
                         )}
                     </div>
                     <Select value={status} onValueChange={v => { setStatus(v); apply({ status: v }); }}>
-                        <SelectTrigger className="w-44"><SelectValue placeholder="Statut" /></SelectTrigger>
+                        <SelectTrigger className="w-44"><SelectValue placeholder={t('presences.permissions.index.col_status')} /></SelectTrigger>
                         <SelectContent>
-                            <SelectItem value="all">Tous les statuts</SelectItem>
-                            <SelectItem value="pending">En attente</SelectItem>
-                            <SelectItem value="approved">Approuvées</SelectItem>
-                            <SelectItem value="rejected">Rejetées</SelectItem>
+                            <SelectItem value="all">{t('presences.permissions.index.all_statuses')}</SelectItem>
+                            <SelectItem value="pending">{t('presences.permissions.index.pending')}</SelectItem>
+                            <SelectItem value="approved">{t('presences.permissions.index.approved')}</SelectItem>
+                            <SelectItem value="rejected">{t('presences.permissions.index.rejected')}</SelectItem>
                         </SelectContent>
                     </Select>
-                    <Button onClick={() => apply()} className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700">Filtrer</Button>
+                    <Button onClick={() => apply()} className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700">{t('presences.permissions.index.filter')}</Button>
                 </div>
 
                 {/* Table */}
@@ -138,13 +139,13 @@ export default function Index({ permissions, stats, filters }: Readonly<Props>)
                     <Table>
                         <TableHeader className="bg-gray-50">
                             <TableRow>
-                                <TableHead>Élève</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead>Motif</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead>Période</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead>Durée</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead>Demandé par</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead>Statut</TableHead>
-                                <TableHead className="text-center w-28">Actions</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead>{t('presences.permissions.index.col_student')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead>{t('presences.permissions.index.col_reason')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead>{t('presences.permissions.index.col_period')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead>{t('presences.permissions.index.col_duration')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead>{t('presences.permissions.index.col_requested_by')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead>{t('presences.permissions.index.col_status')}</TableHead>
+                                <TableHead className="text-center w-28">{t('presences.permissions.index.col_actions')}</TableHead>
                             </TableRow>
                         </TableHeader>
                         <TableBody>
@@ -152,7 +153,7 @@ export default function Index({ permissions, stats, filters }: Readonly<Props>)
                                 <TableRow>
                                     <TableCell colSpan={7} className="py-16 text-center text-gray-400">
                                         <Clock className="w-10 h-10 mx-auto mb-2 opacity-20" />
-                                        Aucune demande de permission.
+                                        {t('presences.permissions.index.empty')}
                                     </TableCell>
                                 </TableRow>
                             ) : permissions.data.map(p => {
@@ -165,16 +166,16 @@ export default function Index({ permissions, stats, filters }: Readonly<Props>)
                                             <div className="font-medium text-gray-900 text-sm">{p.student.lastname} {p.student.firstname}</div>
                                             <div className="text-xs text-gray-400 font-mono">{p.student.matricule}</div>
                                         </TableCell>
-                                        <TableCell className="text-sm text-gray-600">{REASON[p.reason] ?? p.reason}</TableCell>
+                                        <TableCell className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('presences.reason.' + p.reason)}</TableCell>
                                         <TableCell className="text-sm text-gray-600">
-                                            {new Date(p.start_date).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR')} → {new Date(p.end_date).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR')}
+                                            {new Date(p.start_date).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale)} → {new Date(p.end_date).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale)}
                                         </TableCell>
-                                        <TableCell className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{days} jour{days > 1 ? 's' : ''}</TableCell>
+                                        <TableCell className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-700">{t(days > 1 ? 'presences.permissions.index.day_other' : 'presences.permissions.index.day_one', { count: days })}</TableCell>
                                         <TableCell className="text-sm text-gray-500">{p.requested_by?.name ?? '—'}</TableCell>
                                         <TableCell>
                                             <span className={`inline-flex items-center gap-1.5 px-2.5 py-1 rounded-full text-xs font-semibold ${cfg.color}`}>
                                                 <Icon className="w-3 h-3" />
-                                                {cfg.label}
+                                                {t('presences.permissions.status.' + p.status)}
                                             </span>
                                         </TableCell>
                                         <TableCell>
@@ -183,7 +184,7 @@ export default function Index({ permissions, stats, filters }: Readonly<Props>)
                                                     variant="outline" size="sm" className="text-xs gap-1"
                                                     onClick={() => router.get(route('absence-permissions.show', p.id))}
                                                 >
-                                                    {p.status === 'pending' ? 'Réviser' : 'Voir'}
+                                                    {p.status === 'pending' ? t('presences.permissions.index.review') : t('presences.permissions.index.view')}
                                                 </Button>
                                                 {p.status !== 'approved' && (
                                                     <Button
@@ -203,19 +204,19 @@ export default function Index({ permissions, stats, filters }: Readonly<Props>)
                     </Table>
                 </div>
 
-                <p className="text-sm text-gray-400 text-right">{permissions.total} demande(s) au total</p>
+                <p className="text-sm text-gray-400 text-right">{t('presences.permissions.index.total_count', { count: permissions.total })}</p>
             </div>
 
             <AlertDialog open={!!deleteId} onOpenChange={() => setDeleteId(null)}>
                 <AlertDialogContent>
                     <AlertDialogHeader>
-                        <AlertDialogTitle>Supprimer cette demande ?</AlertDialogTitle>
-                        <AlertDialogDescription>Cette action est irréversible.</AlertDialogDescription>
+                        <AlertDialogTitle>{t('presences.permissions.index.delete_title')}</AlertDialogTitle>
+                        <AlertDialogDescription>{t('presences.permissions.index.delete_desc')}</AlertDialogDescription>
                     </AlertDialogHeader>
                     <div className="flex justify-end gap-2">
-                        <AlertDialogCancel>Annuler</AlertDialogCancel>
+                        <AlertDialogCancel>{t('common.actions.cancel')}</AlertDialogCancel>
                         <AlertDialogAction className="bg-red-600 hover:bg-red-700" onClick={() => deleteId && onDelete(deleteId)}>
-                            Supprimer
+                            {t('common.actions.delete')}
                         </AlertDialogAction>
                     </div>
                 </AlertDialogContent>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Presences/AbsencePermissions/Show.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Presences/AbsencePermissions/Show.tsx
index 68b0a7f0..99ae6e75 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Presences/AbsencePermissions/Show.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Presences/AbsencePermissions/Show.tsx
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import { ArrowLeft, CheckCircle2, Clock, XCircle } from 'lucide-react';
 import { useState } from 'react';
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Student { id: string; firstname: string; lastname: string; matricule: string; }
@@ -31,9 +32,9 @@ interface Permission {
 
 interface Props { permission: Permission; }
 
-const REASON: Record<string, string> = { medical: 'Médical', familial: 'Familial', autre: 'Autre' };
-
 export default function Show({ permission }: Readonly<Props>) {
+    const { t, locale } = useTranslation();
+    const dateLocale = locale === 'en' ? 'en-GB' : 'fr-FR';
     const [decision, setDecision] = useState<'approved' | 'rejected' | null>(null);
     const { data, setData, patch, processing } = useForm({
         decision:       '' as 'approved' | 'rejected' | '',
@@ -51,16 +52,16 @@ export default function Show({ permission }: Readonly<Props>) {
     const days = Math.ceil((new Date(permission.end_date).getTime() - new Date(permission.start_date).getTime()) / 86400000) + 1;
 
     const statusConfig = {
-        pending:  { label: 'En attente', color: 'bg-amber-100 text-amber-800 ring-amber-200',   icon: Clock },
-        approved: { label: 'Approuvée',  color: 'bg-emerald-100 text-emerald-800 ring-emerald-200', icon: CheckCircle2 },
-        rejected: { label: 'Rejetée',    color: 'bg-red-100 text-red-800 ring-red-200',          icon: XCircle },
+        pending:  { color: 'bg-amber-100 text-amber-800 ring-amber-200',   icon: Clock },
+        approved: { color: 'bg-emerald-100 text-emerald-800 ring-emerald-200', icon: CheckCircle2 },
+        rejected: { color: 'bg-red-100 text-red-800 ring-red-200',          icon: XCircle },
     };
     const cfg = statusConfig[permission.status];
     const Icon = cfg.icon;
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title={`Permission — ${permission.student.lastname}`} />
+            <Head title={t('presences.permissions.show.head', { name: permission.student.lastname })} />
             <div className="w-full space-y-6">
 
                 {/* Header */}
@@ -75,7 +76,7 @@ export default function Show({ permission }: Readonly<Props>) {
                         <div className="flex items-center gap-3 mt-1">
                             <span className="text-sm text-gray-500 font-mono">{permission.student.matricule}</span>
                             <span className={`inline-flex items-center gap-1.5 px-2.5 py-1 rounded-full text-xs font-semibold ring-1 ${cfg.color}`}>
-                                <Icon className="w-3 h-3" /> {cfg.label}
+                                <Icon className="w-3 h-3" /> {t('presences.permissions.status.' + permission.status)}
                             </span>
                         </div>
                     </div>
@@ -83,40 +84,40 @@ export default function Show({ permission }: Readonly<Props>) {
 
                 {/* Détails */}
                 <div className="bg-white rounded-2xl shadow-sm ring-1 ring-gray-100 p-6 space-y-4">
-                    <h2 className="font-semibold text-gray-900 text-lg">Détails de la demande</h2>
+                    <h2 className="font-semibold text-gray-900 text-lg">{t('presences.permissions.show.details')}</h2>
                     <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-4">
                         <div>
-                            <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 font-semibold uppercase tracking-wide">Motif</p>
-                            <p className="text-sm text-gray-900 mt-1 font-medium">{REASON[permission.reason] ?? permission.reason}</p>
+                            <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 font-semibold uppercase tracking-wide">{t('presences.permissions.show.reason')}</p>
+                            <p className="text-sm text-gray-900 mt-1 font-medium">{t('presences.reason.' + permission.reason)}</p>
                         </div>
                         <div>
-                            <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 font-semibold uppercase tracking-wide">Période d'absence</p>
+                            <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 font-semibold uppercase tracking-wide">{t('presences.permissions.show.absence_period')}</p>
                             <p className="text-sm text-gray-900 mt-1 font-medium">
-                                {new Date(permission.start_date).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR')} → {new Date(permission.end_date).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR')}
-                                <span className="ml-2 text-xs text-gray-400">({days} jour{days > 1 ? 's' : ''})</span>
+                                {new Date(permission.start_date).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale)} → {new Date(permission.end_date).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale)}
+                                <span className="ml-2 text-xs text-gray-400">({t(days > 1 ? 'presences.permissions.show.day_other' : 'presences.permissions.show.day_one', { count: days })})</span>
                             </p>
                         </div>
                         <div>
-                            <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 font-semibold uppercase tracking-wide">Demandé par</p>
+                            <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 font-semibold uppercase tracking-wide">{t('presences.permissions.show.requested_by')}</p>
                             <p className="text-sm text-gray-900 mt-1">{permission.requested_by?.name ?? '—'}</p>
                         </div>
                         {permission.reviewed_by && (
                             <div>
-                                <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 font-semibold uppercase tracking-wide">Révisé par</p>
+                                <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 font-semibold uppercase tracking-wide">{t('presences.permissions.show.reviewed_by')}</p>
                                 <p className="text-sm text-gray-900 mt-1">
                                     {permission.reviewed_by.name}
-                                    {permission.reviewed_at && <span className="ml-1 text-xs text-gray-400">le {new Date(permission.reviewed_at).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR')}</span>}
+                                    {permission.reviewed_at && <span className="ml-1 text-xs text-gray-400">{t('presences.permissions.show.reviewed_on', { date: new Date(permission.reviewed_at).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale) })}</span>}
                                 </p>
                             </div>
                         )}
                     </div>
                     <div>
-                        <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 font-semibold uppercase tracking-wide mb-1">Description</p>
+                        <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 font-semibold uppercase tracking-wide mb-1">{t('presences.permissions.show.description')}</p>
                         <p className="text-sm text-gray-700 bg-gray-50 rounded-xl p-4 leading-relaxed">{permission.description}</p>
                     </div>
                     {permission.review_comment && (
                         <div>
-                            <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 font-semibold uppercase tracking-wide mb-1">Commentaire de révision</p>
+                            <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 font-semibold uppercase tracking-wide mb-1">{t('presences.permissions.show.review_comment')}</p>
                             <p className="text-sm text-gray-700 bg-gray-50 rounded-xl p-4 leading-relaxed">{permission.review_comment}</p>
                         </div>
                     )}
@@ -125,13 +126,13 @@ export default function Show({ permission }: Readonly<Props>) {
                 {/* Absences liées */}
                 {permission.attendance_records.length > 0 && (
                     <div className="bg-white rounded-2xl shadow-sm ring-1 ring-gray-100 p-6">
-                        <h2 className="font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-4">Absences excusées liées</h2>
+                        <h2 className="font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-4">{t('presences.permissions.show.linked_absences')}</h2>
                         <div className="space-y-2">
                             {permission.attendance_records.map(rec => (
                                 <div key={rec.id} className="flex items-center gap-3 bg-blue-50 rounded-xl px-4 py-2.5 text-sm">
                                     <CheckCircle2 className="w-4 h-4 text-blue-500 shrink-0" />
                                     <span className="font-medium text-gray-900">
-                                        {new Date(rec.attendance.date).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR')}
+                                        {new Date(rec.attendance.date).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale)}
                                     </span>
                                     <span className="text-gray-500">·</span>
                                     <span className="text-gray-600">{rec.attendance.classroom.name} ({rec.attendance.classroom.code})</span>
@@ -144,14 +145,14 @@ export default function Show({ permission }: Readonly<Props>) {
                 {/* Révision (si pending) */}
                 {permission.status === 'pending' && (
                     <div className="bg-white rounded-2xl shadow-sm ring-1 ring-gray-100 p-6 space-y-4">
-                        <h2 className="font-semibold text-gray-900 text-lg">Décision</h2>
+                        <h2 className="font-semibold text-gray-900 text-lg">{t('presences.permissions.show.decision')}</h2>
                         <div>
-                            <label className="text-sm font-semibold text-gray-700 block mb-1.5">Commentaire (optionnel)</label>
+                            <label className="text-sm font-semibold text-gray-700 block mb-1.5">{t('presences.permissions.show.comment_optional')}</label>
                             <textarea
                                 value={data.review_comment}
                                 onChange={e => setData('review_comment', e.target.value)}
                                 rows={3}
-                                placeholder="Motif d'approbation ou de rejet..."
+                                placeholder={t('presences.permissions.show.comment_ph')}
                                 className="w-full rounded-lg border border-gray-300 px-3 py-2 text-sm text-gray-900 resize-none focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-blue-500"
                             />
                         </div>
@@ -162,7 +163,7 @@ export default function Show({ permission }: Readonly<Props>) {
                                 disabled={processing}
                             >
                                 <CheckCircle2 className="w-4 h-4" />
-                                Approuver
+                                {t('presences.permissions.show.approve')}
                             </Button>
                             <Button
                                 className="gap-2 bg-red-600 hover:bg-red-700"
@@ -170,7 +171,7 @@ export default function Show({ permission }: Readonly<Props>) {
                                 disabled={processing}
                             >
                                 <XCircle className="w-4 h-4" />
-                                Rejeter
+                                {t('presences.permissions.show.reject')}
                             </Button>
                         </div>
                     </div>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Presences/Attendances/Index.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Presences/Attendances/Index.tsx
index d87d6598..2236bb7f 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Presences/Attendances/Index.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Presences/Attendances/Index.tsx
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { Select, SelectContent, SelectItem, SelectTrigger, SelectValue } from '@/components/ui/select';
 import { Table, TableBody, TableCell, TableHead, TableHeader, TableRow } from '@/components/ui/table';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Classroom { id: string; name: string; code: string; }
@@ -35,15 +36,16 @@ interface Props {
 }
 
 const STATUS_CONFIG = {
-    present: { label: 'Présent',  color: 'bg-emerald-100 text-emerald-700 ring-emerald-200', dot: 'bg-emerald-500' },
-    absent:  { label: 'Absent',   color: 'bg-red-100 text-red-700 ring-red-200',             dot: 'bg-red-500' },
-    late:    { label: 'Retard',   color: 'bg-amber-100 text-amber-700 ring-amber-200',       dot: 'bg-amber-500' },
-    excused: { label: 'Excusé',   color: 'bg-blue-100 text-blue-700 ring-blue-200',          dot: 'bg-blue-500' },
+    present: { color: 'bg-emerald-100 text-emerald-700 ring-emerald-200', dot: 'bg-emerald-500' },
+    absent:  { color: 'bg-red-100 text-red-700 ring-red-200',             dot: 'bg-red-500' },
+    late:    { color: 'bg-amber-100 text-amber-700 ring-amber-200',       dot: 'bg-amber-500' },
+    excused: { color: 'bg-blue-100 text-blue-700 ring-blue-200',          dot: 'bg-blue-500' },
 } as const;
 
 type StatusKey = keyof typeof STATUS_CONFIG;
 
 export default function Index({ classrooms, periods, studentsWithStatus, existingAttendance, filters, activeYear }: Readonly<Props>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const [classroomId, setClassroomId] = useState(filters.classroomId ?? '');
     const [periodId, setPeriodId]       = useState(filters.periodId ?? '');
     const [date, setDate]               = useState(filters.date ?? new Date().toISOString().substring(0, 10));
@@ -117,62 +119,62 @@ export default function Index({ classrooms, periods, studentsWithStatus, existin
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Saisie des présences" />
+            <Head title={t('presences.attendances.index.head')} />
             <div className="w-full space-y-6">
 
                 {/* Header */}
                 <div className="flex items-start justify-between gap-4 flex-wrap">
                     <div>
-                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3"><UserCheck className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />Saisie des présences</h1>
-                        <p className="mt-2 text-lg text-gray-600">Enregistrez l'appel quotidien par classe</p>
+                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3"><UserCheck className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />{t('presences.attendances.index.head')}</h1>
+                        <p className="mt-2 text-lg text-gray-600">{t('presences.attendances.index.subtitle')}</p>
                     </div>
                     <Button variant="outline" className="gap-2" onClick={() => router.get(route('attendances.stats'))}>
-                        <ChevronRight className="w-4 h-4" /> Statistiques
+                        <ChevronRight className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('presences.attendances.index.stats')}
                     </Button>
                 </div>
 
                 {/* Filtres */}
                 <div className="rounded-2xl bg-slate-50/70 ring-1 ring-slate-200 shadow-sm p-4 flex flex-wrap gap-3 items-end">
                     <div className="flex-1 min-w-44">
-                        <label className="block text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 mb-1.5">Classe</label>
+                        <label className="block text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 mb-1.5">{t('presences.attendances.index.class')}</label>
                         <Select value={classroomId || 'none'} onValueChange={v => {
                             const val = v === 'none' ? '' : v;
                             setClassroomId(val);
                             applyFilters({ classroomId: val });
                         }}>
-                            <SelectTrigger><SelectValue placeholder="Sélectionner" /></SelectTrigger>
+                            <SelectTrigger><SelectValue placeholder={t('presences.attendances.index.select')} /></SelectTrigger>
                             <SelectContent>
-                                <SelectItem value="none">— Classe —</SelectItem>
+                                <SelectItem value="none">{t('presences.attendances.index.class_dash')}</SelectItem>
                                 {classrooms.map(c => <SelectItem key={c.id} value={c.id}>{c.name} ({c.code})</SelectItem>)}
                             </SelectContent>
                         </Select>
                     </div>
                     <div className="min-w-44">
-                        <label className="block text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 mb-1.5">Période</label>
+                        <label className="block text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 mb-1.5">{t('presences.attendances.index.period')}</label>
                         <Select value={periodId || 'none'} onValueChange={v => {
                             const val = v === 'none' ? '' : v;
                             setPeriodId(val);
                             applyFilters({ periodId: val });
                         }}>
-                            <SelectTrigger><SelectValue placeholder="Sélectionner" /></SelectTrigger>
+                            <SelectTrigger><SelectValue placeholder={t('presences.attendances.index.select')} /></SelectTrigger>
                             <SelectContent>
-                                <SelectItem value="none">— Période —</SelectItem>
+                                <SelectItem value="none">{t('presences.attendances.index.period_dash')}</SelectItem>
                                 {periods.map(p => <SelectItem key={p.id} value={p.id}>{p.name}</SelectItem>)}
                             </SelectContent>
                         </Select>
                     </div>
                     <div className="min-w-36">
-                        <label className="block text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 mb-1.5">Date</label>
+                        <label className="block text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 mb-1.5">{t('presences.attendances.index.date')}</label>
                         <Input type="date" value={date} onChange={e => { setDate(e.target.value); applyFilters({ date: e.target.value }); }} />
                     </div>
                     <div className="min-w-36">
-                        <label className="block text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 mb-1.5">Session</label>
+                        <label className="block text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 mb-1.5">{t('presences.attendances.index.session_label')}</label>
                         <Select value={session} onValueChange={v => { setSession(v); applyFilters({ session: v }); }}>
                             <SelectTrigger><SelectValue /></SelectTrigger>
                             <SelectContent>
-                                <SelectItem value="journee">Journée entière</SelectItem>
-                                <SelectItem value="matin">Matin</SelectItem>
-                                <SelectItem value="apres-midi">Après-midi</SelectItem>
+                                <SelectItem value="journee">{t('presences.session.journee')}</SelectItem>
+                                <SelectItem value="matin">{t('presences.session.matin')}</SelectItem>
+                                <SelectItem value="apres-midi">{t('presences.session.apres_midi')}</SelectItem>
                             </SelectContent>
                         </Select>
                     </div>
@@ -182,7 +184,7 @@ export default function Index({ classrooms, periods, studentsWithStatus, existin
                 {(!classroomId || !periodId) && (
                     <div className="flex items-center gap-3 bg-amber-50 ring-1 ring-amber-200 rounded-2xl px-5 py-4">
                         <AlertTriangle className="w-5 h-5 text-amber-600 shrink-0" />
-                        <p className="text-sm text-amber-800">Sélectionnez une classe et une période pour commencer l'appel.</p>
+                        <p className="text-sm text-amber-800">{t('presences.attendances.index.need_filters')}</p>
                     </div>
                 )}
 
@@ -190,7 +192,7 @@ export default function Index({ classrooms, periods, studentsWithStatus, existin
                 {existingAttendance && (
                     <div className="flex items-center gap-3 bg-emerald-50 ring-1 ring-emerald-200 rounded-2xl px-5 py-3">
                         <CheckCircle2 className="w-5 h-5 text-emerald-600 shrink-0" />
-                        <p className="text-sm text-emerald-800 font-medium">Appel déjà enregistré pour ce créneau — vous pouvez le modifier.</p>
+                        <p className="text-sm text-emerald-800 font-medium">{t('presences.attendances.index.existing')}</p>
                     </div>
                 )}
 
@@ -201,7 +203,7 @@ export default function Index({ classrooms, periods, studentsWithStatus, existin
                             {(['present', 'absent', 'late', 'excused'] as StatusKey[]).map(s => (
                                 <div key={s} className={`flex items-center gap-2 px-3 py-1.5 rounded-xl ring-1 text-sm font-medium ${STATUS_CONFIG[s].color}`}>
                                     <span className={`w-2 h-2 rounded-full ${STATUS_CONFIG[s].dot}`} />
-                                    {STATUS_CONFIG[s].label} :&nbsp;
+                                    {t('presences.status.' + s)} :&nbsp;
                                     <strong>{s === 'present' ? presentCount : s === 'absent' ? absentCount : s === 'late' ? lateCount : excusedCount}</strong>
                                     /{total}
                                 </div>
@@ -209,10 +211,10 @@ export default function Index({ classrooms, periods, studentsWithStatus, existin
                         </div>
                         <div className="flex gap-2">
                             <Button variant="outline" size="sm" className="gap-1 text-xs text-emerald-700 border-emerald-200" onClick={() => setAll('present')}>
-                                <UserCheck className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> Tous présents
+                                <UserCheck className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> {t('presences.attendances.index.all_present')}
                             </Button>
                             <Button variant="outline" size="sm" className="gap-1 text-xs text-red-600 border-red-200" onClick={() => setAll('absent')}>
-                                <UserX className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> Tous absents
+                                <UserX className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> {t('presences.attendances.index.all_absent')}
                             </Button>
                         </div>
                     </div>
@@ -223,7 +225,7 @@ export default function Index({ classrooms, periods, studentsWithStatus, existin
                     studentsWithStatus.length === 0 ? (
                         <div className="bg-white rounded-2xl shadow-sm ring-1 ring-gray-100 py-20 text-center text-gray-400">
                             <UserX className="w-10 h-10 mx-auto mb-2 opacity-20" />
-                            <p>Aucun élève inscrit dans cette classe pour l'année active.</p>
+                            <p>{t('presences.attendances.index.empty')}</p>
                         </div>
                     ) : (
                         <div className="bg-white rounded-2xl shadow-sm ring-1 ring-gray-100 overflow-hidden">
@@ -231,11 +233,11 @@ export default function Index({ classrooms, periods, studentsWithStatus, existin
                                 <TableHeader className="bg-gray-50">
                                     <TableRow>
                                         <TableHead className="w-8">#</TableHead>
-                                        <TableHead>Matricule</TableHead>
-                                        <TableHead>Élève</TableHead>
-                                        <TableHead>Statut</TableHead>
-                                        <TableHead className="w-32">Retard (min)</TableHead>
-                                        <TableHead>Observation</TableHead>
+                                        <TableHead>{t('presences.attendances.index.col_matricule')}</TableHead>
+                                        <TableHead>{t('presences.attendances.index.col_student')}</TableHead>
+                                        <TableHead>{t('presences.attendances.index.col_status')}</TableHead>
+                                        <TableHead className="w-32">{t('presences.attendances.index.col_late')}</TableHead>
+                                        <TableHead>{t('presences.attendances.index.col_comment')}</TableHead>
                                     </TableRow>
                                 </TableHeader>
                                 <TableBody>
@@ -254,7 +256,7 @@ export default function Index({ classrooms, periods, studentsWithStatus, existin
                                                     {s.student.lastname} {s.student.firstname}
                                                     {s.has_permission && (
                                                         <span className="ml-2 text-xs bg-blue-100 text-blue-700 px-1.5 py-0.5 rounded-full">
-                                                            Permission {s.permission_dates}
+                                                            {t('presences.attendances.index.permission', { dates: s.permission_dates ?? '' })}
                                                         </span>
                                                     )}
                                                 </TableCell>
@@ -270,7 +272,7 @@ export default function Index({ classrooms, periods, studentsWithStatus, existin
                                                                         : 'bg-gray-50 text-gray-500 ring-gray-200 hover:ring-gray-300'
                                                                 }`}
                                                             >
-                                                                {STATUS_CONFIG[st].label}
+                                                                {t('presences.status.' + st)}
                                                             </button>
                                                         ))}
                                                     </div>
@@ -290,7 +292,7 @@ export default function Index({ classrooms, periods, studentsWithStatus, existin
                                                     <Input
                                                         value={rec?.comment ?? ''}
                                                         onChange={e => { setRecords(r => ({ ...r, [s.student_id]: { ...r[s.student_id], comment: e.target.value } })); setSaved(false); }}
-                                                        placeholder="Observation..."
+                                                        placeholder={t('presences.attendances.index.comment_ph')}
                                                         className="text-sm h-7 max-w-xs"
                                                     />
                                                 </TableCell>
@@ -304,7 +306,7 @@ export default function Index({ classrooms, periods, studentsWithStatus, existin
                                 <Input
                                     value={notes}
                                     onChange={e => { setNotes(e.target.value); setSaved(false); }}
-                                    placeholder="Remarques générales sur l'appel..."
+                                    placeholder={t('presences.attendances.index.notes_ph')}
                                     className="max-w-sm text-sm"
                                 />
                                 <Button
@@ -313,7 +315,7 @@ export default function Index({ classrooms, periods, studentsWithStatus, existin
                                     disabled={saving}
                                 >
                                     {saved ? <CheckCircle2 className="w-4 h-4" /> : <Save className="w-4 h-4" />}
-                                    {saving ? 'Enregistrement...' : saved ? 'Enregistré !' : 'Enregistrer l\'appel'}
+                                    {saving ? t('presences.attendances.index.saving') : saved ? t('presences.attendances.index.saved') : t('presences.attendances.index.save')}
                                 </Button>
                             </div>
                         </div>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Presences/Attendances/Stats.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Presences/Attendances/Stats.tsx
index 520bcc56..db59a7e2 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Presences/Attendances/Stats.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Presences/Attendances/Stats.tsx
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import { BarChart3, ChevronRight, TrendingDown, Users } from 'lucide-react';
 import { Select, SelectContent, SelectItem, SelectTrigger, SelectValue } from '@/components/ui/select';
 import { Table, TableBody, TableCell, TableHead, TableHeader, TableRow } from '@/components/ui/table';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 import { useState } from 'react';
 
@@ -56,6 +57,8 @@ function RateBar({ rate }: { rate: number }) {
 }
 
 export default function Stats({ classrooms, periods, stats, dailySummary, filters, activeYear }: Readonly<Props>) {
+    const { t, locale } = useTranslation();
+    const dateLocale = locale === 'en' ? 'en-GB' : 'fr-FR';
     const [classroomId, setClassroomId] = useState(filters.classroomId ?? '');
     const [periodId, setPeriodId]       = useState(filters.periodId ?? '');
 
@@ -66,42 +69,46 @@ export default function Stats({ classrooms, periods, stats, dailySummary, filter
         }, { preserveScroll: true, replace: true });
     };
 
-    const sessionLabel: Record<string, string> = { matin: 'Matin', 'apres-midi': 'Après-midi', journee: 'Journée' };
+    const sessionLabel: Record<string, string> = {
+        matin: t('presences.session.matin'),
+        'apres-midi': t('presences.session.apres_midi'),
+        journee: t('presences.session.journee_short'),
+    };
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Statistiques de présence" />
+            <Head title={t('presences.attendances.stats.head')} />
             <div className="w-full space-y-6">
 
                 {/* Header */}
                 <div className="flex items-start justify-between gap-4 flex-wrap">
                     <div>
-                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3"><BarChart3 className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />Statistiques de présence</h1>
-                        <p className="mt-2 text-lg text-gray-600">Taux d'absence et suivi par élève</p>
+                        <h1 className="text-4xl font-bold tracking-tight text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-3"><BarChart3 className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />{t('presences.attendances.stats.head')}</h1>
+                        <p className="mt-2 text-lg text-gray-600">{t('presences.attendances.stats.subtitle')}</p>
                     </div>
                     <button onClick={() => router.get(route('attendances.index'))} className="flex items-center gap-2 text-sm text-blue-600 hover:underline">
-                        <ChevronRight className="w-4 h-4 rotate-180" /> Saisie de l'appel
+                        <ChevronRight className="w-4 h-4 rotate-180" /> {t('presences.attendances.stats.back_to_entry')}
                     </button>
                 </div>
 
                 {/* Filtres */}
                 <div className="rounded-2xl bg-slate-50/70 ring-1 ring-slate-200 shadow-sm p-4 flex flex-wrap gap-3 items-end">
                     <div className="flex-1 min-w-44">
-                        <label className="block text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 mb-1.5">Classe</label>
+                        <label className="block text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 mb-1.5">{t('presences.attendances.stats.class')}</label>
                         <Select value={classroomId || 'none'} onValueChange={v => { const val = v === 'none' ? '' : v; setClassroomId(val); apply({ classroomId: val }); }}>
-                            <SelectTrigger><SelectValue placeholder="Sélectionner" /></SelectTrigger>
+                            <SelectTrigger><SelectValue placeholder={t('presences.attendances.stats.select')} /></SelectTrigger>
                             <SelectContent>
-                                <SelectItem value="none">— Toutes —</SelectItem>
+                                <SelectItem value="none">{t('presences.attendances.stats.all_classes')}</SelectItem>
                                 {classrooms.map(c => <SelectItem key={c.id} value={c.id}>{c.name} ({c.code})</SelectItem>)}
                             </SelectContent>
                         </Select>
                     </div>
                     <div className="min-w-44">
-                        <label className="block text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 mb-1.5">Période</label>
+                        <label className="block text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 mb-1.5">{t('presences.attendances.stats.period')}</label>
                         <Select value={periodId || 'none'} onValueChange={v => { const val = v === 'none' ? '' : v; setPeriodId(val); apply({ periodId: val }); }}>
-                            <SelectTrigger><SelectValue placeholder="Toutes les périodes" /></SelectTrigger>
+                            <SelectTrigger><SelectValue placeholder={t('presences.attendances.stats.all_periods')} /></SelectTrigger>
                             <SelectContent>
-                                <SelectItem value="none">Toutes les périodes</SelectItem>
+                                <SelectItem value="none">{t('presences.attendances.stats.all_periods')}</SelectItem>
                                 {periods.map(p => <SelectItem key={p.id} value={p.id}>{p.name}</SelectItem>)}
                             </SelectContent>
                         </Select>
@@ -111,7 +118,7 @@ export default function Stats({ classrooms, periods, stats, dailySummary, filter
                 {stats.length === 0 ? (
                     <div className="bg-white rounded-2xl shadow-sm ring-1 ring-gray-100 py-20 text-center text-gray-400">
                         <BarChart3 className="w-10 h-10 mx-auto mb-2 opacity-20" />
-                        <p>Sélectionnez une classe pour afficher les statistiques.</p>
+                        <p>{t('presences.attendances.stats.empty')}</p>
                     </div>
                 ) : (
                     <div className="grid grid-cols-1 lg:grid-cols-3 gap-6">
@@ -120,14 +127,14 @@ export default function Stats({ classrooms, periods, stats, dailySummary, filter
                         <div className="lg:col-span-1 bg-white rounded-2xl shadow-sm ring-1 ring-gray-100 overflow-hidden">
                             <div className="px-5 py-4 border-b border-gray-100 font-semibold text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-2">
                                 <TrendingDown className="w-4 h-4 text-blue-500" />
-                                Appels enregistrés
+                                {t('presences.attendances.stats.recorded_calls')}
                                 <span className="ml-auto text-xs bg-blue-100 text-blue-700 px-2 py-0.5 rounded-full">{dailySummary.length}</span>
                             </div>
                             <div className="overflow-auto max-h-96">
                                 <Table>
                                     <TableHeader className="bg-gray-50">
                                         <TableRow>
-                                            <TableHead>Date</TableHead>
+                                            <TableHead>{t('presences.attendances.stats.col_date')}</TableHead>
                                             <TableHead className="text-center">✓</TableHead>
                                             <TableHead className="text-center">✗</TableHead>
                                             <TableHead className="text-center">⏱</TableHead>
@@ -137,7 +144,7 @@ export default function Stats({ classrooms, periods, stats, dailySummary, filter
                                         {dailySummary.map(d => (
                                             <TableRow key={d.id} className="hover:bg-gray-50">
                                                 <TableCell className="text-xs">
-                                                    <div className="font-medium">{new Date(d.date).toLocaleDateString('fr-FR')}</div>
+                                                    <div className="font-medium">{new Date(d.date).toLocaleDateString(dateLocale)}</div>
                                                     <div className="text-gray-400">{sessionLabel[d.session] ?? d.session}</div>
                                                 </TableCell>
                                                 <TableCell className="text-center text-xs text-emerald-600 font-semibold">{d.present_count}</TableCell>
@@ -154,18 +161,18 @@ export default function Stats({ classrooms, periods, stats, dailySummary, filter
                         <div className="lg:col-span-2 bg-white rounded-2xl shadow-sm ring-1 ring-gray-100 overflow-hidden">
                             <div className="px-5 py-4 border-b border-gray-100 font-semibold text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-2">
                                 <Users className="w-4 h-4 text-blue-500" />
-                                Suivi par élève
-                                <span className="ml-auto text-xs bg-blue-100 text-blue-700 px-2 py-0.5 rounded-full">{stats.length} élèves</span>
+                                {t('presences.attendances.stats.per_student')}
+                                <span className="ml-auto text-xs bg-blue-100 text-blue-700 px-2 py-0.5 rounded-full">{t('presences.attendances.stats.students_count', { count: stats.length })}</span>
                             </div>
                             <Table>
                                 <TableHeader className="bg-gray-50">
                                     <TableRow>
-                                        <TableHead>Élève</TableHead>
-                                        <TableHead className="text-center">Présent</TableHead>
-                                        <TableHead className="text-center">Absent</TableHead>
-                                        <TableHead className="text-center">Retard</TableHead>
-                                        <TableHead className="text-center">Excusé</TableHead>
-                                        <TableHead className="w-36">Taux absence</TableHead>
+                                        <TableHead>{t('presences.attendances.stats.col_student')}</TableHead>
+                                        <TableHead className="text-center">{t('presences.attendances.stats.col_present')}</TableHead>
+                                        <TableHead className="text-center">{t('presences.attendances.stats.col_absent')}</TableHead>
+                                        <TableHead className="text-center">{t('presences.attendances.stats.col_late')}</TableHead>
+                                        <TableHead className="text-center">{t('presences.attendances.stats.col_excused')}</TableHead>
+                                        <TableHead className="w-36">{t('presences.attendances.stats.col_absence_rate')}</TableHead>
                                     </TableRow>
                                 </TableHeader>
                                 <TableBody>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Rh/PayrollSettings/Edit.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Rh/PayrollSettings/Edit.tsx
index 8a65e497..0577f8a6 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Rh/PayrollSettings/Edit.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Rh/PayrollSettings/Edit.tsx
@@ -4,6 +4,7 @@ import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { Checkbox } from '@/components/ui/checkbox';
 import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Bracket { up_to: number | null; rate: number; }
@@ -33,6 +34,7 @@ interface FormData {
 }
 
 export default function Edit({ settings }: Readonly<{ settings: Settings }>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const { data, setData, put, processing } = useForm<FormData>({
         seniority_enabled: settings.seniority_enabled,
         seniority_rate_per_year: String(settings.seniority_rate_per_year),
@@ -59,37 +61,37 @@ export default function Edit({ settings }: Readonly<{ settings: Settings }>) {
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Réglages de paie" />
+            <Head title={t('rh.payroll_settings.head')} />
             <form onSubmit={submit} className="space-y-6 w-full">
                 <div className="flex items-center gap-4">
                     <button type="button" onClick={() => router.get(route('payroll.overview'))} className="p-2 hover:bg-gray-100 rounded-lg transition">
                         <ArrowLeft className="w-5 h-5 text-gray-600" />
                     </button>
                     <div>
-                        <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900">Réglages de paie</h1>
-                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-500 mt-0.5">Ancienneté, CNSS et impôt (ITS) appliqués automatiquement à la génération des bulletins.</p>
+                        <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900">{t('rh.payroll_settings.title')}</h1>
+                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-500 mt-0.5">{t('rh.payroll_settings.subtitle')}</p>
                     </div>
                 </div>
 
                 <div className="rounded-xl bg-amber-50 ring-1 ring-amber-100 p-4 flex items-start gap-2 text-sm text-amber-800">
                     <Info className="w-4 h-4 mt-0.5 shrink-0" />
-                    Ces cotisations et impôts sont <strong>désactivés par défaut</strong>. Les taux/barèmes fournis sont indicatifs — vérifiez-les auprès de la réglementation en vigueur avant activation.
+                    <span dangerouslySetInnerHTML={{ __html: t('rh.payroll_settings.disclaimer') }} />
                 </div>
 
                 <div className="grid grid-cols-1 xl:grid-cols-2 gap-6">
                 {/* Ancienneté */}
                 <section className="rounded-2xl bg-linear-to-br from-amber-50 to-white ring-1 ring-amber-100 p-6 shadow-sm space-y-4">
-                    <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-amber-700"><Clock className="h-4 w-4" /><p className="text-sm font-semibold">Prime d'ancienneté</p></div>
+                    <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-amber-700"><Clock className="h-4 w-4" /><p className="text-sm font-semibold">{t('rh.payroll_settings.seniority')}</p></div>
                     <label className="flex items-center gap-2 text-sm text-gray-700">
-                        <Checkbox checked={data.seniority_enabled} onCheckedChange={c => setData('seniority_enabled', c === true)} /> Activer la prime d'ancienneté
+                        <Checkbox checked={data.seniority_enabled} onCheckedChange={c => setData('seniority_enabled', c === true)} /> {t('rh.payroll_settings.seniority_enable')}
                     </label>
                     <div className="grid grid-cols-1 sm:grid-cols-2 gap-3">
                         <div>
-                            <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Taux par année (% du base)</label>
+                            <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{t('rh.payroll_settings.seniority_rate')}</label>
                             <Input type="number" min={0} max={100} step="0.5" value={data.seniority_rate_per_year} onChange={e => setData('seniority_rate_per_year', e.target.value)} disabled={!data.seniority_enabled} />
                         </div>
                         <div>
-                            <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Plafond (% du base, 0 = aucun)</label>
+                            <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{t('rh.payroll_settings.seniority_cap')}</label>
                             <Input type="number" min={0} max={100} step="0.5" value={data.seniority_cap_percent} onChange={e => setData('seniority_cap_percent', e.target.value)} disabled={!data.seniority_enabled} />
                         </div>
                     </div>
@@ -97,57 +99,57 @@ export default function Edit({ settings }: Readonly<{ settings: Settings }>) {
 
                 {/* CNSS */}
                 <section className="rounded-2xl bg-linear-to-br from-blue-50 to-white ring-1 ring-blue-100 p-6 shadow-sm space-y-4">
-                    <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-blue-700"><ShieldCheck className="h-4 w-4" /><p className="text-sm font-semibold">CNSS (sécurité sociale)</p></div>
+                    <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-blue-700"><ShieldCheck className="h-4 w-4" /><p className="text-sm font-semibold">{t('rh.payroll_settings.cnss')}</p></div>
                     <label className="flex items-center gap-2 text-sm text-gray-700">
-                        <Checkbox checked={data.cnss_enabled} onCheckedChange={c => setData('cnss_enabled', c === true)} /> Activer la retenue CNSS
+                        <Checkbox checked={data.cnss_enabled} onCheckedChange={c => setData('cnss_enabled', c === true)} /> {t('rh.payroll_settings.cnss_enable')}
                     </label>
                     <div className="grid grid-cols-1 sm:grid-cols-3 gap-3">
                         <div>
-                            <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Part salariale (%)</label>
+                            <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{t('rh.payroll_settings.cnss_employee')}</label>
                             <Input type="number" min={0} max={100} step="0.1" value={data.cnss_employee_rate} onChange={e => setData('cnss_employee_rate', e.target.value)} disabled={!data.cnss_enabled} />
                         </div>
                         <div>
-                            <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Part patronale (%)</label>
+                            <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{t('rh.payroll_settings.cnss_employer')}</label>
                             <Input type="number" min={0} max={100} step="0.1" value={data.cnss_employer_rate} onChange={e => setData('cnss_employer_rate', e.target.value)} disabled={!data.cnss_enabled} />
                         </div>
                         <div>
-                            <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">Plafond mensuel (F, 0 = aucun)</label>
+                            <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-2">{t('rh.payroll_settings.cnss_ceiling')}</label>
                             <Input type="number" min={0} value={data.cnss_ceiling} onChange={e => setData('cnss_ceiling', e.target.value)} disabled={!data.cnss_enabled} />
                         </div>
                     </div>
-                    <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">La part salariale est retenue sur le bulletin ; la part patronale est enregistrée comme charge employeur (information, non déduite du net).</p>
+                    <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">{t('rh.payroll_settings.cnss_note')}</p>
                 </section>
 
                 {/* ITS */}
                 <section className="xl:col-span-2 rounded-2xl bg-linear-to-br from-slate-50 to-white ring-1 ring-slate-100 p-6 shadow-sm space-y-4">
-                    <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-slate-700"><Landmark className="h-4 w-4" /><p className="text-sm font-semibold">ITS — Impôt sur les traitements et salaires</p></div>
+                    <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-slate-700"><Landmark className="h-4 w-4" /><p className="text-sm font-semibold">{t('rh.payroll_settings.its')}</p></div>
                     <label className="flex items-center gap-2 text-sm text-gray-700">
-                        <Checkbox checked={data.its_enabled} onCheckedChange={c => setData('its_enabled', c === true)} /> Activer l'ITS (barème progressif)
+                        <Checkbox checked={data.its_enabled} onCheckedChange={c => setData('its_enabled', c === true)} /> {t('rh.payroll_settings.its_enable')}
                     </label>
-                    <p className="text-xs text-gray-500">Barème par tranches sur le net imposable (brut − CNSS salariale). Laissez « Jusqu'à » vide pour la dernière tranche (au-delà).</p>
+                    <p className="text-xs text-gray-500">{t('rh.payroll_settings.its_desc')}</p>
 
                     <div className="space-y-2">
                         <div className="grid grid-cols-[1fr_1fr_auto] gap-2 text-xs font-medium text-gray-500 uppercase px-1">
-                            <span>Jusqu'à (F)</span><span>Taux (%)</span><span></span>
+                            <span>{t('rh.payroll_settings.its_up_to')}</span><span>{t('rh.payroll_settings.its_rate')}</span><span></span>
                         </div>
-                        {data.its_brackets.length === 0 && <p className="text-sm text-gray-400">Aucune tranche. Ajoutez-en pour définir le barème.</p>}
+                        {data.its_brackets.length === 0 && <p className="text-sm text-gray-400">{t('rh.payroll_settings.its_empty')}</p>}
                         {data.its_brackets.map((b, i) => (
                             <div key={i} className="grid grid-cols-[1fr_1fr_auto] gap-2 items-center">
-                                <Input type="number" min={0} value={b.up_to} onChange={e => setBracket(i, 'up_to', e.target.value)} placeholder="au-delà" disabled={!data.its_enabled} className={inputCls} />
+                                <Input type="number" min={0} value={b.up_to} onChange={e => setBracket(i, 'up_to', e.target.value)} placeholder={t('rh.payroll_settings.its_beyond')} disabled={!data.its_enabled} className={inputCls} />
                                 <Input type="number" min={0} max={100} step="0.5" value={b.rate} onChange={e => setBracket(i, 'rate', e.target.value)} disabled={!data.its_enabled} className={inputCls} />
                                 <button type="button" onClick={() => removeBracket(i)} disabled={!data.its_enabled} className="p-2 text-gray-400 hover:text-red-600 disabled:opacity-40"><Trash2 className="w-4 h-4" /></button>
                             </div>
                         ))}
                         <Button type="button" variant="outline" size="sm" className="gap-1.5" onClick={addBracket} disabled={!data.its_enabled}>
-                            <Plus className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> Ajouter une tranche
+                            <Plus className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> {t('rh.payroll_settings.its_add')}
                         </Button>
                     </div>
                 </section>
                 </div>
 
                 <div className="flex gap-3">
-                    <Button type="submit" disabled={processing} className="gap-2 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700"><Save className="w-4 h-4" /> {processing ? 'Enregistrement...' : 'Enregistrer les réglages'}</Button>
-                    <Button type="button" variant="outline" className="border-slate-200 text-gray-700" onClick={() => router.get(route('payroll.overview'))}>Retour</Button>
+                    <Button type="submit" disabled={processing} className="gap-2 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700"><Save className="w-4 h-4" /> {processing ? t('rh.payroll_settings.saving') : t('rh.payroll_settings.save')}</Button>
+                    <Button type="button" variant="outline" className="border-slate-200 text-gray-700" onClick={() => router.get(route('payroll.overview'))}>{t('rh.payroll_settings.back')}</Button>
                 </div>
             </form>
         </AppLayout>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Rh/Personnel/Index.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Rh/Personnel/Index.tsx
index 10bce38f..d456a8ca 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Rh/Personnel/Index.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Rh/Personnel/Index.tsx
@@ -11,6 +11,7 @@ import {
 } from '@/components/ui/select';
 import { useMoney } from '@/helpers/money';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Employee {
@@ -41,14 +42,15 @@ interface Props {
 
 const PER_PAGE_OPTIONS = [10, 25, 50, 100];
 
-const STATUS_BADGE: Record<string, { label: string; cls: string }> = {
-    active:     { label: 'Actif',     cls: 'bg-green-100 text-green-700' },
-    suspended:  { label: 'Suspendu',  cls: 'bg-amber-100 text-amber-700' },
-    terminated: { label: 'Sorti',     cls: 'bg-gray-200 text-gray-600' },
+const STATUS_BADGE: Record<string, { cls: string }> = {
+    active:     { cls: 'bg-green-100 text-green-700' },
+    suspended:  { cls: 'bg-amber-100 text-amber-700' },
+    terminated: { cls: 'bg-gray-200 text-gray-600' },
 };
 
 export default function Index({ employees, salaryGrades, ungradedCount, assignableUsers, contractTypes, canManage, perPage, filters }: Readonly<Props>) {
     const fmt = useMoney();
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const [search, setSearch] = useState(filters.search ?? '');
     const [status, setStatus] = useState(filters.status ?? '');
     const [gradeId, setGradeId] = useState(filters.salary_grade_id ?? '');
@@ -92,25 +94,25 @@ export default function Index({ employees, salaryGrades, ungradedCount, assignab
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Personnel" />
+            <Head title={t('rh.personnel.index.head')} />
             <div className="space-y-5">
                 <div className="flex items-center justify-between flex-wrap gap-3">
                     <div>
                         <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-2">
-                            <Users className="w-7 h-7 text-blue-600" /> Personnel
+                            <Users className="w-7 h-7 text-blue-600" /> {t('rh.personnel.index.head')}
                         </h1>
-                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-500 mt-0.5">Assignez les grilles et gérez la paie de votre personnel.</p>
+                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-500 mt-0.5">{t('rh.personnel.index.subtitle')}</p>
                     </div>
                     {canManage && (
                         <Button className="gap-2 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700" onClick={() => setAddOpen(true)}>
-                            <Plus className="w-4 h-4" /> Ajouter au personnel
+                            <Plus className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('rh.personnel.index.add')}
                         </Button>
                     )}
                 </div>
 
                 {ungradedCount > 0 && !ungradedActive && (
                     <button onClick={() => { setUngraded(true); apply({ ungraded: true }); }} className="w-full text-left rounded-xl bg-amber-50 ring-1 ring-amber-100 px-4 py-2.5 flex items-center gap-2 text-sm text-amber-800 hover:bg-amber-100 transition-colors">
-                        <AlertTriangle className="w-4 h-4 shrink-0" /> <strong>{ungradedCount}</strong> employé(s) sans grille — cliquer pour les filtrer.
+                        <AlertTriangle className="w-4 h-4 shrink-0" /> {t('rh.personnel.index.ungraded_banner', { count: ungradedCount })}
                     </button>
                 )}
 
@@ -118,16 +120,16 @@ export default function Index({ employees, salaryGrades, ungradedCount, assignab
                 <div className="bg-white rounded-xl border border-gray-100 shadow-sm p-4 flex items-center gap-3 flex-wrap">
                     <div className="relative flex-1 min-w-56">
                         <Search className="w-4 h-4 text-gray-400 absolute left-3 top-1/2 -translate-y-1/2" />
-                        <Input value={search} onChange={e => setSearch(e.target.value)} onKeyDown={e => e.key === 'Enter' && apply()} placeholder="Nom, poste, matricule…" className="pl-9" />
+                        <Input value={search} onChange={e => setSearch(e.target.value)} onKeyDown={e => e.key === 'Enter' && apply()} placeholder={t('rh.personnel.index.search_ph')} className="pl-9" />
                     </div>
                     <select value={status} onChange={e => setStatus(e.target.value)} className={sel}>
-                        <option value="">Tous les statuts</option>
-                        <option value="active">Actifs</option>
-                        <option value="suspended">Suspendus</option>
-                        <option value="terminated">Sortis</option>
+                        <option value="">{t('rh.personnel.index.all_statuses')}</option>
+                        <option value="active">{t('rh.personnel.index.status_active')}</option>
+                        <option value="suspended">{t('rh.personnel.index.status_suspended')}</option>
+                        <option value="terminated">{t('rh.personnel.index.status_terminated')}</option>
                     </select>
                     <select value={gradeId} onChange={e => setGradeId(e.target.value)} className={sel}>
-                        <option value="">Toutes les grilles</option>
+                        <option value="">{t('rh.personnel.index.all_grades')}</option>
                         {salaryGrades.map(g => <option key={g.id} value={g.id}>{g.name}</option>)}
                     </select>
                     <button
@@ -135,22 +137,22 @@ export default function Index({ employees, salaryGrades, ungradedCount, assignab
                         onClick={() => setUngraded(v => !v)}
                         className={`h-9 px-3 text-sm rounded-lg border transition-colors ${ungraded ? 'bg-amber-500 text-white border-amber-500' : 'border-gray-200 text-gray-600 hover:border-amber-400'}`}
                     >
-                        Sans grille
+                        {t('rh.personnel.index.ungraded')}
                     </button>
                     <Button onClick={() => apply()} className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700 text-white gap-2">
-                        <Search className="w-4 h-4" /> Rechercher
+                        <Search className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('rh.personnel.index.search')}
                     </Button>
                     {(search || status || gradeId || ungraded) && (
-                        <Button variant="outline" onClick={clear} className="border-gray-300 text-gray-700">Réinit.</Button>
+                        <Button variant="outline" onClick={clear} className="border-gray-300 text-gray-700">{t('rh.personnel.index.reset')}</Button>
                     )}
                 </div>
 
                 {/* Table */}
                 <div className="bg-white rounded-xl border border-gray-100 shadow-sm overflow-hidden">
                     <div className="flex items-center justify-between px-5 py-3 border-b border-gray-100 gap-4 flex-wrap">
-                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-600"><span className="font-semibold">{employees.total}</span> employé(s)</p>
+                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('rh.personnel.index.count', { count: employees.total })}</p>
                         <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-sm text-gray-600">
-                            <span>Lignes par page :</span>
+                            <span>{t('rh.personnel.index.per_page')}</span>
                             <select value={perPage} onChange={e => changePerPage(Number(e.target.value))} className="h-8 px-2 border border-gray-300 rounded-md bg-white text-sm focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-blue-500">
                                 {PER_PAGE_OPTIONS.map(n => <option key={n} value={n}>{n}</option>)}
                             </select>
@@ -159,18 +161,18 @@ export default function Index({ employees, salaryGrades, ungradedCount, assignab
                     {employees.data.length === 0 ? (
                         <div className="px-5 py-16 text-center text-gray-400">
                             <Users className="w-10 h-10 mx-auto mb-3 opacity-30" />
-                            <p className="text-sm">Aucun employé</p>
+                            <p className="text-sm">{t('rh.personnel.index.empty')}</p>
                         </div>
                     ) : (
                         <div className="overflow-x-auto">
                             <table className="w-full text-sm">
                                 <thead>
                                     <tr className="border-b border-gray-100 bg-gray-50">
-                                        <th className="px-5 py-3 text-left text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 uppercase">Employé</th>
-                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-left text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 uppercase">Poste</th>
-                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-left text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 uppercase w-64">Grille</th>
-                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-right text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 uppercase">Salaire de base</th>
-                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-left text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 uppercase">Statut</th>
+                                        <th className="px-5 py-3 text-left text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 uppercase">{t('rh.personnel.index.col_employee')}</th>
+                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-left text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 uppercase">{t('rh.personnel.index.col_job')}</th>
+                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-left text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 uppercase w-64">{t('rh.personnel.index.col_grade')}</th>
+                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-right text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 uppercase">{t('rh.personnel.index.col_base')}</th>
+                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-left text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 uppercase">{t('rh.personnel.index.col_status')}</th>
                                         <th className="px-4 py-3 w-12"></th>
                                     </tr>
                                 </thead>
@@ -187,20 +189,20 @@ export default function Index({ employees, salaryGrades, ungradedCount, assignab
                                                 <td className="px-4 py-3">
                                                     {canManage ? (
                                                         <Select value={emp.salary_grade_id ?? 'none'} onValueChange={(v) => assignGrade(emp, v)}>
-                                                            <SelectTrigger className="h-8"><SelectValue placeholder="Choisir une grille" /></SelectTrigger>
+                                                            <SelectTrigger className="h-8"><SelectValue placeholder={t('rh.personnel.index.choose_grade')} /></SelectTrigger>
                                                             <SelectContent>
-                                                                <SelectItem value="none">— Hors grille —</SelectItem>
+                                                                <SelectItem value="none">{t('rh.personnel.index.off_grade_dash')}</SelectItem>
                                                                 {salaryGrades.map(g => <SelectItem key={g.id} value={g.id}>{g.name}</SelectItem>)}
                                                             </SelectContent>
                                                         </Select>
                                                     ) : (
-                                                        <span className="text-gray-600">{salaryGrades.find(g => g.id === emp.salary_grade_id)?.name ?? 'Hors grille'}</span>
+                                                        <span className="text-gray-600">{salaryGrades.find(g => g.id === emp.salary_grade_id)?.name ?? t('rh.personnel.index.off_grade')}</span>
                                                     )}
                                                 </td>
                                                 <td className="px-4 py-3 text-right font-semibold text-gray-900">{fmt(emp.effective_base)}</td>
-                                                <td className="px-4 py-3"><span className={`inline-block text-xs font-medium px-2 py-0.5 rounded-full ${badge.cls}`}>{badge.label}</span></td>
+                                                <td className="px-4 py-3"><span className={`inline-block text-xs font-medium px-2 py-0.5 rounded-full ${badge.cls}`}>{t('rh.employee_status.' + emp.status)}</span></td>
                                                 <td className="px-4 py-3 text-right">
-                                                    <button onClick={() => router.get(route('users.show', emp.user_id))} className="p-1.5 rounded-lg text-gray-400 hover:text-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-50" aria-label="Ouvrir la fiche" title="Fiche complète (primes, bulletins…)">
+                                                    <button onClick={() => router.get(route('users.show', emp.user_id))} className="p-1.5 rounded-lg text-gray-400 hover:text-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-50" aria-label={t('rh.personnel.index.open_sheet')} title={t('rh.personnel.index.open_sheet_title')}>
                                                         <ExternalLink className="w-4 h-4" />
                                                     </button>
                                                 </td>
@@ -213,7 +215,7 @@ export default function Index({ employees, salaryGrades, ungradedCount, assignab
                     )}
 
                     <div className="px-5 py-3.5 border-t border-gray-100 flex items-center justify-between gap-4 flex-wrap">
-                        {employees.total > 0 && <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">{employees.from}–{employees.to} sur {employees.total}</p>}
+                        {employees.total > 0 && <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">{t('rh.personnel.index.range', { from: employees.from, to: employees.to, total: employees.total })}</p>}
                         {employees.last_page > 1 && (
                             <div className="flex items-center gap-1.5">
                                 <Button size="sm" variant="outline" className="h-8 w-8 p-0" disabled={employees.current_page === 1} onClick={() => goToPage(employees.current_page - 1)}><ChevronLeft className="w-4 h-4" /></Button>
@@ -228,10 +230,10 @@ export default function Index({ employees, salaryGrades, ungradedCount, assignab
             {/* Modal : ajouter au personnel */}
             <Dialog open={addOpen} onOpenChange={setAddOpen}>
                 <DialogContent onOpenAutoFocus={e => e.preventDefault()}>
-                    <DialogHeader><DialogTitle>Ajouter au personnel</DialogTitle></DialogHeader>
+                    <DialogHeader><DialogTitle>{t('rh.personnel.index.modal_title')}</DialogTitle></DialogHeader>
                     <form onSubmit={submitAdd} className="space-y-3">
                         <div>
-                            <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-1">Utilisateur *</label>
+                            <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-1">{t('rh.personnel.index.user')}</label>
                             {(() => {
                                 const selectedUser = assignableUsers.find(u => u.id === addForm.data.user_id) ?? null;
                                 const q = userQuery.trim().toLowerCase();
@@ -244,13 +246,13 @@ export default function Index({ employees, salaryGrades, ungradedCount, assignab
                                             onChange={e => { setUserQuery(e.target.value); if (addForm.data.user_id) addForm.setData('user_id', ''); setUserOpen(true); }}
                                             onFocus={() => setUserOpen(true)}
                                             onBlur={() => setTimeout(() => setUserOpen(false), 150)}
-                                            placeholder="Rechercher un utilisateur…"
+                                            placeholder={t('rh.personnel.index.search_user_ph')}
                                             disabled={assignableUsers.length === 0}
                                             className={`pl-9 ${addForm.errors.user_id ? 'border-red-500' : ''}`}
                                         />
                                         {userOpen && assignableUsers.length > 0 && (
                                             <div className="absolute z-20 mt-1 w-full bg-white rounded-lg shadow-lg max-h-56 overflow-auto ring-1 ring-gray-100">
-                                                {filtered.length === 0 && <div className="px-3 py-2 text-sm text-gray-400">Aucun résultat</div>}
+                                                {filtered.length === 0 && <div className="px-3 py-2 text-sm text-gray-400">{t('rh.personnel.index.no_result')}</div>}
                                                 {filtered.map(u => (
                                                     <button
                                                         type="button"
@@ -268,16 +270,16 @@ export default function Index({ employees, salaryGrades, ungradedCount, assignab
                                 );
                             })()}
                             {addForm.errors.user_id && <p className="text-red-600 text-sm mt-1">{addForm.errors.user_id}</p>}
-                            {assignableUsers.length === 0 && <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 mt-1">Tous les utilisateurs ont déjà un profil paie.</p>}
+                            {assignableUsers.length === 0 && <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 mt-1">{t('rh.personnel.index.no_assignable')}</p>}
                         </div>
                         <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-3">
                             <div>
-                                <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-1">Poste *</label>
-                                <Input value={addForm.data.job_title} onChange={e => addForm.setData('job_title', e.target.value)} placeholder="Ex: Enseignant" className={addForm.errors.job_title ? 'border-red-500' : ''} />
+                                <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-1">{t('rh.personnel.index.job')}</label>
+                                <Input value={addForm.data.job_title} onChange={e => addForm.setData('job_title', e.target.value)} placeholder={t('rh.personnel.index.job_ph')} className={addForm.errors.job_title ? 'border-red-500' : ''} />
                                 {addForm.errors.job_title && <p className="text-red-600 text-sm mt-1">{addForm.errors.job_title}</p>}
                             </div>
                             <div>
-                                <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-1">Contrat *</label>
+                                <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-1">{t('rh.personnel.index.contract')}</label>
                                 <Select value={addForm.data.contract_type} onValueChange={v => addForm.setData('contract_type', v)}>
                                     <SelectTrigger><SelectValue /></SelectTrigger>
                                     <SelectContent>{contractTypes.map(c => <SelectItem key={c.value} value={c.value}>{c.label}</SelectItem>)}</SelectContent>
@@ -286,23 +288,23 @@ export default function Index({ employees, salaryGrades, ungradedCount, assignab
                         </div>
                         <div className="grid grid-cols-2 gap-3">
                             <div>
-                                <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-1">Grille</label>
+                                <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-1">{t('rh.personnel.index.grade')}</label>
                                 <Select value={addForm.data.salary_grade_id} onValueChange={v => addForm.setData('salary_grade_id', v)}>
                                     <SelectTrigger><SelectValue /></SelectTrigger>
                                     <SelectContent>
-                                        <SelectItem value="none">Hors grille</SelectItem>
+                                        <SelectItem value="none">{t('rh.personnel.index.off_grade')}</SelectItem>
                                         {salaryGrades.map(g => <SelectItem key={g.id} value={g.id}>{g.name}</SelectItem>)}
                                     </SelectContent>
                                 </Select>
                             </div>
                             <div>
-                                <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-1">Salaire de base {addForm.data.salary_grade_id !== 'none' ? '(ignoré)' : ''}</label>
-                                <Input type="number" min={0} value={addForm.data.base_salary} onChange={e => addForm.setData('base_salary', e.target.value)} disabled={addForm.data.salary_grade_id !== 'none'} placeholder="Ex: 120000" />
+                                <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-1">{t('rh.personnel.index.base')} {addForm.data.salary_grade_id !== 'none' ? t('rh.personnel.index.base_ignored') : ''}</label>
+                                <Input type="number" min={0} value={addForm.data.base_salary} onChange={e => addForm.setData('base_salary', e.target.value)} disabled={addForm.data.salary_grade_id !== 'none'} placeholder={t('rh.personnel.index.base_ph')} />
                             </div>
                         </div>
                         <DialogFooter>
-                            <Button type="button" variant="outline" onClick={() => setAddOpen(false)}>Annuler</Button>
-                            <Button type="submit" disabled={addForm.processing || assignableUsers.length === 0} className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700">Ajouter</Button>
+                            <Button type="button" variant="outline" onClick={() => setAddOpen(false)}>{t('rh.personnel.index.cancel')}</Button>
+                            <Button type="submit" disabled={addForm.processing || assignableUsers.length === 0} className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700">{t('rh.personnel.index.add_btn')}</Button>
                         </DialogFooter>
                     </form>
                 </DialogContent>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Rh/Personnel/Overview.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Rh/Personnel/Overview.tsx
index e7a51ea8..a339b0fd 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Rh/Personnel/Overview.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Rh/Personnel/Overview.tsx
@@ -3,6 +3,7 @@ import { Users, Layers, AlertTriangle, Wallet, Receipt, Plus, ArrowRight } from
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { useMoney } from '@/helpers/money';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Props {
@@ -10,11 +11,11 @@ interface Props {
     lastRun: { id: string; period_label: string; status: string; total_net: number } | null;
 }
 
-const PAY_STATUS: Record<string, { label: string; cls: string }> = {
-    draft:     { label: 'Brouillon', cls: 'bg-gray-100 text-gray-600' },
-    validated: { label: 'Validé',    cls: 'bg-blue-100 text-blue-700' },
-    paid:      { label: 'Payé',      cls: 'bg-green-100 text-green-700' },
-    cancelled: { label: 'Annulé',    cls: 'bg-red-100 text-red-600' },
+const PAY_STATUS: Record<string, { cls: string }> = {
+    draft:     { cls: 'bg-gray-100 text-gray-600' },
+    validated: { cls: 'bg-blue-100 text-blue-700' },
+    paid:      { cls: 'bg-green-100 text-green-700' },
+    cancelled: { cls: 'bg-red-100 text-red-600' },
 };
 
 function Kpi({ title, value, icon: Icon, color, onClick, sub }: {
@@ -36,35 +37,36 @@ function Kpi({ title, value, icon: Icon, color, onClick, sub }: {
 
 export default function Overview({ stats, lastRun }: Readonly<Props>) {
     const fmt = useMoney();
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const st = lastRun ? (PAY_STATUS[lastRun.status] ?? PAY_STATUS.draft) : null;
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Personnel & Paie — Vue d'ensemble" />
+            <Head title={t('rh.personnel.overview.head')} />
             <div className="space-y-6">
                 <div className="flex items-center justify-between flex-wrap gap-3">
                     <div>
-                        <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900">Personnel &amp; Paie</h1>
-                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-500 mt-0.5">Vue d'ensemble du personnel et de la paie.</p>
+                        <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900">{t('rh.personnel.overview.title')}</h1>
+                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-500 mt-0.5">{t('rh.personnel.overview.subtitle')}</p>
                     </div>
                     <Button className="gap-2 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700" onClick={() => router.get(route('pay-runs.create'))}>
-                        <Plus className="w-4 h-4" /> Nouveau cycle de paie
+                        <Plus className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('rh.personnel.overview.new_run')}
                     </Button>
                 </div>
 
                 {/* KPIs */}
                 <div className="grid grid-cols-1 sm:grid-cols-2 lg:grid-cols-4 gap-4">
-                    <Kpi title="Employés actifs" value={String(stats.active)} icon={Users} color="text-blue-600" onClick={() => router.get(route('personnel.index'))} />
-                    <Kpi title="À classer (sans grille)" value={String(stats.ungraded)} sub={stats.ungraded > 0 ? 'Cliquer pour les afficher' : 'Tout est classé'} icon={AlertTriangle} color={stats.ungraded > 0 ? 'text-amber-600' : 'text-gray-400'} onClick={() => router.get(route('personnel.index'), { ungraded: 1 })} />
-                    <Kpi title="Grilles actives" value={String(stats.grades)} icon={Layers} color="text-indigo-600" onClick={() => router.get(route('salary-grades.index'))} />
-                    <Kpi title="Masse salariale (base/mois)" value={fmt(stats.monthly_base)} sub="Somme des salaires de base" icon={Wallet} color="text-emerald-600" />
+                    <Kpi title={t('rh.personnel.overview.kpi_active')} value={String(stats.active)} icon={Users} color="text-blue-600" onClick={() => router.get(route('personnel.index'))} />
+                    <Kpi title={t('rh.personnel.overview.kpi_ungraded')} value={String(stats.ungraded)} sub={stats.ungraded > 0 ? t('rh.personnel.overview.kpi_ungraded_sub_some') : t('rh.personnel.overview.kpi_ungraded_sub_none')} icon={AlertTriangle} color={stats.ungraded > 0 ? 'text-amber-600' : 'text-gray-400'} onClick={() => router.get(route('personnel.index'), { ungraded: 1 })} />
+                    <Kpi title={t('rh.personnel.overview.kpi_grades')} value={String(stats.grades)} icon={Layers} color="text-indigo-600" onClick={() => router.get(route('salary-grades.index'))} />
+                    <Kpi title={t('rh.personnel.overview.kpi_mass')} value={fmt(stats.monthly_base)} sub={t('rh.personnel.overview.kpi_mass_sub')} icon={Wallet} color="text-emerald-600" />
                 </div>
 
                 {/* Bandeau à classer */}
                 {stats.ungraded > 0 && (
                     <button onClick={() => router.get(route('personnel.index'), { ungraded: 1 })} className="w-full text-left rounded-xl bg-amber-50 ring-1 ring-amber-100 px-4 py-3 flex items-center gap-2 text-sm text-amber-800 hover:bg-amber-100 transition-colors">
                         <AlertTriangle className="w-4 h-4 shrink-0" />
-                        <strong>{stats.ungraded}</strong> employé(s) actif(s) ne sont rattachés à aucune grille salariale.
+                        {t('rh.personnel.overview.ungraded_banner', { count: stats.ungraded })}
                         <ArrowRight className="w-4 h-4 ml-auto" />
                     </button>
                 )}
@@ -73,20 +75,20 @@ export default function Overview({ stats, lastRun }: Readonly<Props>) {
                 <div className="bg-white rounded-xl border border-gray-100 shadow-sm p-6">
                     <div className="flex items-center justify-between mb-4">
                         <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-2">
-                            <Receipt className="w-5 h-5 text-blue-600" /> Dernier cycle de paie
+                            <Receipt className="w-5 h-5 text-blue-600" /> {t('rh.personnel.overview.last_run')}
                         </h2>
-                        <Button variant="outline" size="sm" onClick={() => router.get(route('pay-runs.index'))}>Tous les cycles</Button>
+                        <Button variant="outline" size="sm" onClick={() => router.get(route('pay-runs.index'))}>{t('rh.personnel.overview.all_runs')}</Button>
                     </div>
                     {!lastRun ? (
-                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-400">Aucun cycle de paie généré pour le moment.</p>
+                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-400">{t('rh.personnel.overview.no_run')}</p>
                     ) : (
                         <button onClick={() => router.get(route('pay-runs.show', lastRun.id))} className="w-full text-left flex items-center justify-between gap-4 rounded-lg hover:bg-gray-50 p-3 -m-3 transition-colors">
                             <div>
                                 <p className="font-medium text-gray-900">{lastRun.period_label}</p>
-                                {st && <span className={`inline-block mt-1 text-xs font-medium px-2 py-0.5 rounded-full ${st.cls}`}>{st.label}</span>}
+                                {st && <span className={`inline-block mt-1 text-xs font-medium px-2 py-0.5 rounded-full ${st.cls}`}>{t('rh.pay_status.' + lastRun.status)}</span>}
                             </div>
                             <div className="text-right">
-                                <p className="text-xs text-gray-500">Masse nette</p>
+                                <p className="text-xs text-gray-500">{t('rh.personnel.overview.net_mass')}</p>
                                 <p className="text-lg font-bold text-gray-900">{fmt(lastRun.total_net)}</p>
                             </div>
                         </button>
@@ -96,9 +98,9 @@ export default function Overview({ stats, lastRun }: Readonly<Props>) {
                 {/* Raccourcis */}
                 <div className="grid grid-cols-1 sm:grid-cols-3 gap-4">
                     {[
-                        { label: 'Personnel', desc: 'Liste & assignation des grilles', icon: Users, href: route('personnel.index') },
-                        { label: 'Grilles salariales', desc: 'Catégories & montants', icon: Layers, href: route('salary-grades.index') },
-                        { label: 'Cycles de paie', desc: 'Générer & décaisser', icon: Receipt, href: route('pay-runs.index') },
+                        { label: t('rh.personnel.overview.shortcut_personnel'), desc: t('rh.personnel.overview.shortcut_personnel_desc'), icon: Users, href: route('personnel.index') },
+                        { label: t('rh.personnel.overview.shortcut_grades'), desc: t('rh.personnel.overview.shortcut_grades_desc'), icon: Layers, href: route('salary-grades.index') },
+                        { label: t('rh.personnel.overview.shortcut_runs'), desc: t('rh.personnel.overview.shortcut_runs_desc'), icon: Receipt, href: route('pay-runs.index') },
                     ].map(s => (
                         <button key={s.label} onClick={() => router.get(s.href)} className="bg-white rounded-xl border border-gray-100 shadow-sm p-5 text-left hover:shadow-md transition-shadow flex items-center gap-3">
                             <span className="w-10 h-10 rounded-full bg-blue-50 flex items-center justify-center shrink-0"><s.icon className="w-5 h-5 text-blue-600" /></span>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Rh/SalaryComponents/Index.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Rh/SalaryComponents/Index.tsx
index 7a414994..e1dc98f2 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Rh/SalaryComponents/Index.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Rh/SalaryComponents/Index.tsx
@@ -22,6 +22,7 @@ import {
 } from '@/components/ui/table';
 import { useMoney } from '@/helpers/money';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Component {
@@ -51,6 +52,7 @@ const emptyForm: FormData = { name: '', code: '', type: 'earning', default_amoun
 
 export default function Index({ components, perPage, filters }: Readonly<Props>) {
     const fmt = useMoney();
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const [deletingId, setDeletingId] = useState<string | null>(null);
     const [modalOpen, setModalOpen] = useState(false);
     const [editingId, setEditingId] = useState<string | null>(null);
@@ -95,17 +97,17 @@ export default function Index({ components, perPage, filters }: Readonly<Props>)
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Rubriques de paie" />
+            <Head title={t('rh.salary_components.head')} />
             <div className="space-y-5 w-full">
                 <div className="flex items-center justify-between flex-wrap gap-3">
                     <div>
                         <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-2">
-                            <Coins className="w-7 h-7 text-amber-500" /> Rubriques de paie
+                            <Coins className="w-7 h-7 text-amber-500" /> {t('rh.salary_components.head')}
                         </h1>
-                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-500 mt-0.5">Gains et retenues réutilisables. Les rubriques « auto » sont appliquées à la génération d'un cycle.</p>
+                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-500 mt-0.5">{t('rh.salary_components.subtitle')}</p>
                     </div>
                     <Button className="gap-2 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700" onClick={openCreate}>
-                        <Plus className="w-4 h-4" /> Nouvelle rubrique
+                        <Plus className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('rh.salary_components.new')}
                     </Button>
                 </div>
 
@@ -114,24 +116,24 @@ export default function Index({ components, perPage, filters }: Readonly<Props>)
                     <div className="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-3">
                         <div className="relative flex-1 min-w-[220px]">
                             <Search className="absolute left-3 top-1/2 -translate-y-1/2 w-5 h-5 text-gray-400" />
-                            <Input value={search} onChange={e => setSearch(e.target.value)} onKeyDown={e => e.key === 'Enter' && apply()} placeholder="Nom, code..." className="pl-10 border-gray-300" />
+                            <Input value={search} onChange={e => setSearch(e.target.value)} onKeyDown={e => e.key === 'Enter' && apply()} placeholder={t('rh.salary_components.search_ph')} className="pl-10 border-gray-300" />
                         </div>
                         <select value={type} onChange={e => setType(e.target.value)} className={selectCls}>
-                            <option value="">Tous les types</option>
-                            <option value="earning">Gains</option>
-                            <option value="deduction">Retenues</option>
+                            <option value="">{t('rh.salary_components.all_types')}</option>
+                            <option value="earning">{t('rh.salary_components.earnings')}</option>
+                            <option value="deduction">{t('rh.salary_components.deductions')}</option>
                         </select>
-                        <Button onClick={apply} className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700 text-white gap-2"><Search className="w-4 h-4" /> Rechercher</Button>
-                        {hasFilters && <Button variant="outline" onClick={clear} className="border-gray-300 text-gray-700">Réinit.</Button>}
+                        <Button onClick={apply} className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700 text-white gap-2"><Search className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('rh.salary_components.search')}</Button>
+                        {hasFilters && <Button variant="outline" onClick={clear} className="border-gray-300 text-gray-700">{t('rh.salary_components.reset')}</Button>}
                     </div>
                 </div>
 
                 {/* Table */}
                 <div className="bg-white rounded-lg shadow-sm overflow-hidden">
                     <div className="flex items-center justify-between px-4 py-3 border-b border-gray-100 gap-4 flex-wrap">
-                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-600"><span className="font-semibold">{components.total}</span> rubrique(s){hasFilters && <span className="text-blue-500 ml-2">— filtrées</span>}</p>
+                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('rh.salary_components.count', { count: components.total })}{hasFilters && <span className="text-blue-500 ml-2">{t('rh.salary_components.filtered')}</span>}</p>
                         <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-sm text-gray-600">
-                            <span>Lignes par page :</span>
+                            <span>{t('rh.salary_components.per_page')}</span>
                             <select value={perPage} onChange={e => changePerPage(Number(e.target.value))} className="h-8 px-2 border border-gray-300 rounded-md bg-white text-sm focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-blue-500">
                                 {PER_PAGE_OPTIONS.map(n => <option key={n} value={n}>{n}</option>)}
                             </select>
@@ -141,13 +143,13 @@ export default function Index({ components, perPage, filters }: Readonly<Props>)
                         <Table>
                             <TableHeader className="bg-gray-50">
                                 <TableRow className="border-b border-gray-200">
-                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Rubrique</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Code</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Type</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead className="text-right font-semibold text-gray-900">Montant par défaut</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Application</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">Statut</TableHead>
-                                    <TableHead className="text-center font-semibold text-gray-900 w-24">Actions</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('rh.salary_components.col_component')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('rh.salary_components.col_code')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('rh.salary_components.col_type')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="text-right font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('rh.salary_components.col_default_amount')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('rh.salary_components.col_application')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('rh.salary_components.col_status')}</TableHead>
+                                    <TableHead className="text-center font-semibold text-gray-900 w-24">{t('rh.salary_components.col_actions')}</TableHead>
                                 </TableRow>
                             </TableHeader>
                             <TableBody>
@@ -156,7 +158,7 @@ export default function Index({ components, perPage, filters }: Readonly<Props>)
                                         <TableCell colSpan={7} className="text-center py-12 text-gray-500">
                                             <div className="flex flex-col items-center gap-2">
                                                 <Coins className="w-12 h-12 text-gray-300" />
-                                                <p className="text-lg">Aucune rubrique</p>
+                                                <p className="text-lg">{t('rh.salary_components.empty')}</p>
                                             </div>
                                         </TableCell>
                                     </TableRow>
@@ -167,24 +169,24 @@ export default function Index({ components, perPage, filters }: Readonly<Props>)
                                             <TableCell className="text-gray-500">{c.code ?? '—'}</TableCell>
                                             <TableCell>
                                                 {c.type === 'earning'
-                                                    ? <span className="inline-block text-xs font-medium px-2 py-0.5 rounded-full bg-emerald-100 text-emerald-700">Gain</span>
-                                                    : <span className="inline-block text-xs font-medium px-2 py-0.5 rounded-full bg-red-100 text-red-700">Retenue</span>}
+                                                    ? <span className="inline-block text-xs font-medium px-2 py-0.5 rounded-full bg-emerald-100 text-emerald-700">{t('rh.salary_components.type_earning')}</span>
+                                                    : <span className="inline-block text-xs font-medium px-2 py-0.5 rounded-full bg-red-100 text-red-700">{t('rh.salary_components.type_deduction')}</span>}
                                             </TableCell>
                                             <TableCell className="text-right text-gray-700">{c.default_amount != null ? fmt(c.default_amount) : '—'}</TableCell>
                                             <TableCell>
                                                 {c.is_default
-                                                    ? <span className="inline-block text-xs font-medium px-2 py-0.5 rounded-full bg-blue-100 text-blue-700">Automatique</span>
-                                                    : <span className="text-xs text-gray-400">Manuelle</span>}
+                                                    ? <span className="inline-block text-xs font-medium px-2 py-0.5 rounded-full bg-blue-100 text-blue-700">{t('rh.salary_components.auto')}</span>
+                                                    : <span className="text-xs text-gray-400">{t('rh.salary_components.manual')}</span>}
                                             </TableCell>
                                             <TableCell>
                                                 {c.active
-                                                    ? <span className="inline-block text-xs font-medium px-2 py-0.5 rounded-full bg-green-100 text-green-700">Active</span>
-                                                    : <span className="inline-block text-xs font-medium px-2 py-0.5 rounded-full bg-gray-200 text-gray-600">Inactive</span>}
+                                                    ? <span className="inline-block text-xs font-medium px-2 py-0.5 rounded-full bg-green-100 text-green-700">{t('rh.salary_components.active')}</span>
+                                                    : <span className="inline-block text-xs font-medium px-2 py-0.5 rounded-full bg-gray-200 text-gray-600">{t('rh.salary_components.inactive')}</span>}
                                             </TableCell>
                                             <TableCell className="text-center">
                                                 <div className="flex items-center justify-center gap-1">
-                                                    <IconButton label="Modifier" icon={<Pencil className="w-4 h-4" />} onClick={() => openEdit(c)} />
-                                                    <IconButton label="Supprimer" icon={<Trash2 className="w-4 h-4" />} className="text-red-600 border-red-200 hover:bg-red-50" onClick={() => setDeletingId(c.id)} />
+                                                    <IconButton label={t('rh.salary_components.edit')} icon={<Pencil className="w-4 h-4" />} onClick={() => openEdit(c)} />
+                                                    <IconButton label={t('rh.salary_components.delete')} icon={<Trash2 className="w-4 h-4" />} className="text-red-600 border-red-200 hover:bg-red-50" onClick={() => setDeletingId(c.id)} />
                                                 </div>
                                             </TableCell>
                                         </TableRow>
@@ -195,7 +197,7 @@ export default function Index({ components, perPage, filters }: Readonly<Props>)
                     </div>
 
                     <div className="px-4 py-3 border-t border-gray-100 flex items-center justify-between gap-4 flex-wrap">
-                        {components.total > 0 && <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">{components.from}–{components.to} sur {components.total}</p>}
+                        {components.total > 0 && <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">{t('rh.salary_components.range', { from: components.from, to: components.to, total: components.total })}</p>}
                         {components.last_page > 1 && (
                             <div className="flex items-center gap-1.5">
                                 <Button size="sm" variant="outline" className="h-8 w-8 p-0" disabled={components.current_page === 1} onClick={() => goToPage(components.current_page - 1)}><ChevronLeft className="w-4 h-4" /></Button>
@@ -211,48 +213,48 @@ export default function Index({ components, perPage, filters }: Readonly<Props>)
             <Dialog open={modalOpen} onOpenChange={setModalOpen}>
                 <DialogContent>
                     <DialogHeader>
-                        <DialogTitle>{editingId ? 'Modifier la rubrique' : 'Nouvelle rubrique'}</DialogTitle>
+                        <DialogTitle>{editingId ? t('rh.salary_components.modal_edit') : t('rh.salary_components.modal_new')}</DialogTitle>
                     </DialogHeader>
                     <form onSubmit={submit} className="space-y-4">
                         <div className="grid grid-cols-1 sm:grid-cols-2 gap-3">
                             <div className="sm:col-span-2">
-                                <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-1.5">Nom *</label>
-                                <Input value={form.data.name} onChange={e => form.setData('name', e.target.value)} placeholder="Ex: Prime de transport" className={form.errors.name ? 'border-red-500' : ''} />
+                                <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-1.5">{t('rh.salary_components.name')}</label>
+                                <Input value={form.data.name} onChange={e => form.setData('name', e.target.value)} placeholder={t('rh.salary_components.name_ph')} className={form.errors.name ? 'border-red-500' : ''} />
                                 {form.errors.name && <p className="text-red-600 text-sm mt-1">{form.errors.name}</p>}
                             </div>
                             <div>
-                                <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-1.5">Type *</label>
+                                <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-1.5">{t('rh.salary_components.type')}</label>
                                 <Select value={form.data.type} onValueChange={(v) => form.setData('type', v)}>
                                     <SelectTrigger><SelectValue /></SelectTrigger>
                                     <SelectContent>
-                                        <SelectItem value="earning">Gain</SelectItem>
-                                        <SelectItem value="deduction">Retenue</SelectItem>
+                                        <SelectItem value="earning">{t('rh.salary_components.type_earning')}</SelectItem>
+                                        <SelectItem value="deduction">{t('rh.salary_components.type_deduction')}</SelectItem>
                                     </SelectContent>
                                 </Select>
                             </div>
                             <div>
-                                <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-1.5">Code</label>
-                                <Input value={form.data.code} onChange={e => form.setData('code', e.target.value)} placeholder="Ex: TRANSPORT" />
+                                <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-1.5">{t('rh.salary_components.code')}</label>
+                                <Input value={form.data.code} onChange={e => form.setData('code', e.target.value)} placeholder={t('rh.salary_components.code_ph')} />
                             </div>
                             <div className="sm:col-span-2">
-                                <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-1.5">Montant par défaut</label>
-                                <Input type="number" min={0} value={form.data.default_amount} onChange={e => form.setData('default_amount', e.target.value)} placeholder="Optionnel" />
+                                <label className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 mb-1.5">{t('rh.salary_components.default_amount')}</label>
+                                <Input type="number" min={0} value={form.data.default_amount} onChange={e => form.setData('default_amount', e.target.value)} placeholder={t('rh.salary_components.default_amount_ph')} />
                             </div>
                         </div>
                         <div className="space-y-2">
                             <label className="flex items-center gap-2 text-sm text-gray-700">
                                 <Checkbox checked={form.data.is_default} onCheckedChange={c => form.setData('is_default', c === true)} />
-                                Appliquer automatiquement à chaque bulletin
+                                {t('rh.salary_components.apply_auto')}
                             </label>
                             <label className="flex items-center gap-2 text-sm text-gray-700">
                                 <Checkbox checked={form.data.active} onCheckedChange={c => form.setData('active', c === true)} />
-                                Active
+                                {t('rh.salary_components.active_label')}
                             </label>
                         </div>
                         <DialogFooter>
-                            <Button type="button" variant="outline" onClick={() => setModalOpen(false)}>Annuler</Button>
+                            <Button type="button" variant="outline" onClick={() => setModalOpen(false)}>{t('rh.salary_components.cancel')}</Button>
                             <Button type="submit" disabled={form.processing} className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700">
-                                {form.processing ? 'Enregistrement...' : (editingId ? 'Enregistrer' : 'Ajouter')}
+                                {form.processing ? t('rh.salary_components.saving') : (editingId ? t('rh.salary_components.save') : t('rh.salary_components.add'))}
                             </Button>
                         </DialogFooter>
                     </form>
@@ -262,14 +264,14 @@ export default function Index({ components, perPage, filters }: Readonly<Props>)
             <AlertDialog open={!!deletingId} onOpenChange={() => setDeletingId(null)}>
                 <AlertDialogContent>
                     <AlertDialogHeader>
-                        <AlertDialogTitle>Supprimer cette rubrique ?</AlertDialogTitle>
-                        <AlertDialogDescription>Les bulletins déjà générés ne sont pas affectés (leurs lignes sont figées).</AlertDialogDescription>
+                        <AlertDialogTitle>{t('rh.salary_components.delete_title')}</AlertDialogTitle>
+                        <AlertDialogDescription>{t('rh.salary_components.delete_desc')}</AlertDialogDescription>
                     </AlertDialogHeader>
                     <div className="flex justify-end gap-2">
-                        <AlertDialogCancel>Annuler</AlertDialogCancel>
+                        <AlertDialogCancel>{t('rh.salary_components.cancel')}</AlertDialogCancel>
                         <AlertDialogAction className="bg-red-600 hover:bg-red-700" onClick={() => {
                             if (deletingId) router.delete(route('salary-components.destroy', deletingId), { preserveScroll: true, onFinish: () => setDeletingId(null) });
-                        }}>Supprimer</AlertDialogAction>
+                        }}>{t('rh.salary_components.delete')}</AlertDialogAction>
                     </div>
                 </AlertDialogContent>
             </AlertDialog>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Rh/SalaryGrades/Create.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Rh/SalaryGrades/Create.tsx
index dcad3cef..c33adf1f 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Rh/SalaryGrades/Create.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Rh/SalaryGrades/Create.tsx
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { Head, router, useForm } from '@inertiajs/react';
 import { ArrowLeft } from 'lucide-react';
 import { SalaryGradeForm, type SalaryGradeFormData } from '@/components/SalaryGrades/salary-grade-form';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 const initial: SalaryGradeFormData = {
@@ -9,6 +10,7 @@ const initial: SalaryGradeFormData = {
 };
 
 export default function Create() {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const { data, setData, post, processing, errors } = useForm<SalaryGradeFormData>(initial);
 
     const handleSubmit = (e: React.FormEvent<HTMLFormElement>) => {
@@ -18,15 +20,15 @@ export default function Create() {
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Nouvelle grille salariale" />
+            <Head title={t('rh.salary_grades.create.head')} />
             <div className="space-y-6">
                 <div className="flex items-center gap-4">
                     <button type="button" onClick={() => router.get(route('salary-grades.index'))} className="p-2 hover:bg-gray-100 rounded-lg transition">
                         <ArrowLeft className="w-5 h-5 text-gray-600" />
                     </button>
                     <div>
-                        <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900">Nouvelle grille salariale</h1>
-                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-500 mt-0.5">Une catégorie/échelon avec son salaire de base.</p>
+                        <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900">{t('rh.salary_grades.create.title')}</h1>
+                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-500 mt-0.5">{t('rh.salary_grades.create.subtitle')}</p>
                     </div>
                 </div>
 
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Rh/SalaryGrades/Edit.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Rh/SalaryGrades/Edit.tsx
index 204f8367..54981cba 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Rh/SalaryGrades/Edit.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Rh/SalaryGrades/Edit.tsx
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@ import { Head, router, useForm } from '@inertiajs/react';
 import { ArrowLeft } from 'lucide-react';
 import { SalaryGradeForm, type SalaryGradeFormData } from '@/components/SalaryGrades/salary-grade-form';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Grade {
@@ -15,6 +16,7 @@ interface Grade {
 }
 
 export default function Edit({ grade }: Readonly<{ grade: Grade }>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const { data, setData, put, processing, errors } = useForm<SalaryGradeFormData>({
         name: grade.name,
         category: grade.category ?? '',
@@ -31,13 +33,13 @@ export default function Edit({ grade }: Readonly<{ grade: Grade }>) {
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title={`Éditer ${grade.name}`} />
+            <Head title={t('rh.salary_grades.edit.head', { name: grade.name })} />
             <div className="space-y-6">
                 <div className="flex items-center gap-4">
                     <button type="button" onClick={() => router.get(route('salary-grades.index'))} className="p-2 hover:bg-gray-100 rounded-lg transition">
                         <ArrowLeft className="w-5 h-5 text-gray-600" />
                     </button>
-                    <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900">Éditer la grille</h1>
+                    <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900">{t('rh.salary_grades.edit.title')}</h1>
                 </div>
 
                 <SalaryGradeForm
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Rh/SalaryGrades/Employees.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Rh/SalaryGrades/Employees.tsx
index fe2a2aa8..dc32822d 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Rh/SalaryGrades/Employees.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Rh/SalaryGrades/Employees.tsx
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import { Checkbox } from '@/components/ui/checkbox';
 import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { useMoney } from '@/helpers/money';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Employee {
@@ -23,6 +24,7 @@ interface Props {
 
 export default function Employees({ grade, employees, assignedIds }: Readonly<Props>) {
     const fmt = useMoney();
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const [search, setSearch] = useState('');
     const { data, setData, put, processing } = useForm<{ employee_ids: string[] }>({ employee_ids: assignedIds });
 
@@ -57,7 +59,7 @@ export default function Employees({ grade, employees, assignedIds }: Readonly<Pr
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title={`Affecter — ${grade.name}`} />
+            <Head title={t('rh.salary_grades.employees.head', { name: grade.name })} />
             <form onSubmit={submit} className="space-y-5 max-w-4xl">
                 {/* En-tête */}
                 <div className="flex items-center gap-4">
@@ -66,9 +68,9 @@ export default function Employees({ grade, employees, assignedIds }: Readonly<Pr
                     </button>
                     <div>
                         <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-2">
-                            <Users className="w-7 h-7 text-blue-600" /> Affecter des employés
+                            <Users className="w-7 h-7 text-blue-600" /> {t('rh.salary_grades.employees.title')}
                         </h1>
-                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-500 mt-0.5">Grille <strong>{grade.name}</strong> — salaire de base {fmt(grade.base_amount)}.</p>
+                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-500 mt-0.5">{t('rh.salary_grades.employees.subtitle', { name: grade.name, base: fmt(grade.base_amount) })}</p>
                     </div>
                 </div>
 
@@ -76,9 +78,9 @@ export default function Employees({ grade, employees, assignedIds }: Readonly<Pr
                 <div className="bg-white rounded-xl border border-gray-100 shadow-sm p-4 flex items-center gap-3 flex-wrap">
                     <div className="relative flex-1 min-w-56">
                         <Search className="w-4 h-4 text-gray-400 absolute left-3 top-1/2 -translate-y-1/2" />
-                        <Input value={search} onChange={e => setSearch(e.target.value)} placeholder="Rechercher un employé…" className="pl-9" />
+                        <Input value={search} onChange={e => setSearch(e.target.value)} placeholder={t('rh.salary_grades.employees.search_ph')} className="pl-9" />
                     </div>
-                    <span className="text-sm text-gray-500"><strong>{data.employee_ids.length}</strong> sélectionné(s)</span>
+                    <span className="text-sm text-gray-500">{t('rh.salary_grades.employees.selected', { count: data.employee_ids.length })}</span>
                 </div>
 
                 {/* Liste */}
@@ -86,13 +88,13 @@ export default function Employees({ grade, employees, assignedIds }: Readonly<Pr
                     {employees.length === 0 ? (
                         <div className="px-5 py-16 text-center text-gray-400">
                             <Users className="w-10 h-10 mx-auto mb-3 opacity-30" />
-                            <p className="text-sm">Aucun employé actif</p>
+                            <p className="text-sm">{t('rh.salary_grades.employees.empty')}</p>
                         </div>
                     ) : (
                         <>
                             <label className="flex items-center gap-3 px-5 py-3 border-b border-gray-100 bg-gray-50 cursor-pointer">
                                 <Checkbox checked={allFilteredSelected} onCheckedChange={toggleAllFiltered} />
-                                <span className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600">Tout sélectionner{search ? ' (résultats filtrés)' : ''}</span>
+                                <span className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-600">{t('rh.salary_grades.employees.select_all')}{search ? t('rh.salary_grades.employees.select_all_filtered') : ''}</span>
                             </label>
                             <div className="divide-y divide-gray-50 max-h-[55vh] overflow-y-auto">
                                 {filtered.map(emp => {
@@ -106,13 +108,13 @@ export default function Employees({ grade, employees, assignedIds }: Readonly<Pr
                                             </div>
                                             {emp.current_grade && (
                                                 <span className={`text-xs px-2 py-0.5 rounded-full ${onOtherGrade ? 'bg-amber-50 text-amber-700' : 'bg-blue-50 text-blue-600'}`}>
-                                                    {onOtherGrade ? `Actuel : ${emp.current_grade.name}` : 'Sur cette grille'}
+                                                    {onOtherGrade ? t('rh.salary_grades.employees.current', { name: emp.current_grade.name }) : t('rh.salary_grades.employees.on_this_grade')}
                                                 </span>
                                             )}
                                         </label>
                                     );
                                 })}
-                                {filtered.length === 0 && <p className="px-5 py-8 text-center text-sm text-gray-400">Aucun résultat.</p>}
+                                {filtered.length === 0 && <p className="px-5 py-8 text-center text-sm text-gray-400">{t('rh.salary_grades.employees.no_result')}</p>}
                             </div>
                         </>
                     )}
@@ -120,14 +122,14 @@ export default function Employees({ grade, employees, assignedIds }: Readonly<Pr
 
                 {movingCount > 0 && (
                     <p className="text-sm text-amber-600 flex items-center gap-1.5">
-                        <AlertTriangle className="w-4 h-4" /> {movingCount} employé(s) seront déplacés depuis une autre grille.
+                        <AlertTriangle className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('rh.salary_grades.employees.moving', { count: movingCount })}
                     </p>
                 )}
-                <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">Les employés décochés qui étaient sur cette grille en seront détachés (repli sur leur salaire manuel).</p>
+                <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">{t('rh.salary_grades.employees.detach_note')}</p>
 
                 <div className="flex gap-3">
-                    <Button type="submit" disabled={processing} className="gap-2 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700"><Save className="w-4 h-4" /> {processing ? 'Enregistrement...' : 'Enregistrer les affectations'}</Button>
-                    <Button type="button" variant="outline" className="border-slate-200 text-gray-700" onClick={() => router.get(route('salary-grades.index'))}>Annuler</Button>
+                    <Button type="submit" disabled={processing} className="gap-2 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700"><Save className="w-4 h-4" /> {processing ? t('rh.salary_grades.employees.saving') : t('rh.salary_grades.employees.save')}</Button>
+                    <Button type="button" variant="outline" className="border-slate-200 text-gray-700" onClick={() => router.get(route('salary-grades.index'))}>{t('rh.salary_grades.employees.cancel')}</Button>
                 </div>
             </form>
         </AppLayout>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Rh/SalaryGrades/Index.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Rh/SalaryGrades/Index.tsx
index bd65ec74..b77880d8 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Rh/SalaryGrades/Index.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Rh/SalaryGrades/Index.tsx
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { useMoney } from '@/helpers/money';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 
 interface Grade {
@@ -39,6 +40,7 @@ const PER_PAGE_OPTIONS = [10, 25, 50, 100];
 
 export default function Index({ grades, perPage, filters, settings }: Readonly<Props>) {
     const fmt = useMoney();
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const [deletingId, setDeletingId] = useState<string | null>(null);
     const [search, setSearch] = useState(filters.search ?? '');
     const [status, setStatus] = useState(filters.status ?? '');
@@ -53,22 +55,22 @@ export default function Index({ grades, perPage, filters, settings }: Readonly<P
 
     return (
         <AppLayout>
-            <Head title="Grilles salariales" />
+            <Head title={t('rh.salary_grades.index.head')} />
             <div className="space-y-5">
                 {/* En-tête */}
                 <div className="flex items-center justify-between flex-wrap gap-3">
                     <div>
                         <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold text-gray-900 flex items-center gap-2">
-                            <Layers className="w-7 h-7 text-blue-600" /> Grilles salariales
+                            <Layers className="w-7 h-7 text-blue-600" /> {t('rh.salary_grades.index.head')}
                         </h1>
-                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-500 mt-0.5">Chaque catégorie/échelon porte un salaire de base ; l'employé y est rattaché depuis sa fiche.</p>
+                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-500 mt-0.5">{t('rh.salary_grades.index.subtitle')}</p>
                     </div>
                     <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
                         <Button variant="outline" className="gap-2" onClick={() => router.get(route('payroll-settings.edit'))}>
-                            <Clock className="w-4 h-4 text-amber-600" /> Réglages de paie
+                            <Clock className="w-4 h-4 text-amber-600" /> {t('rh.salary_grades.index.settings')}
                         </Button>
                         <Button className="gap-2 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700" onClick={() => router.get(route('salary-grades.create'))}>
-                            <Plus className="w-4 h-4" /> Nouvelle grille
+                            <Plus className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('rh.salary_grades.index.new')}
                         </Button>
                     </div>
                 </div>
@@ -77,8 +79,8 @@ export default function Index({ grades, perPage, filters, settings }: Readonly<P
                 <div className="rounded-xl bg-slate-50 ring-1 ring-slate-100 px-4 py-2.5 flex items-center gap-2 text-sm text-gray-600">
                     <Clock className="w-4 h-4 text-amber-500" />
                     {settings.seniority_enabled
-                        ? <span>Prime d'ancienneté <strong className="text-emerald-600">active</strong> : +{settings.seniority_rate_per_year}% du base par année{settings.seniority_cap_percent > 0 ? `, plafonnée à ${settings.seniority_cap_percent}%` : ''}.</span>
-                        : <span>Prime d'ancienneté <strong className="text-gray-500">désactivée</strong>.</span>}
+                        ? <span>{t('rh.salary_grades.index.seniority_active')} <strong className="text-emerald-600">{t('rh.salary_grades.index.seniority_active_state')}</strong> : {t('rh.salary_grades.index.seniority_active_desc', { rate: settings.seniority_rate_per_year })}{settings.seniority_cap_percent > 0 ? t('rh.salary_grades.index.seniority_cap', { cap: settings.seniority_cap_percent }) : ''}.</span>
+                        : <span>{t('rh.salary_grades.index.seniority_active')} <strong className="text-gray-500">{t('rh.salary_grades.index.seniority_disabled_state')}</strong>.</span>}
                 </div>
 
                 {/* Filtres */}
@@ -86,24 +88,24 @@ export default function Index({ grades, perPage, filters, settings }: Readonly<P
                     <div className="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-3">
                         <div className="relative flex-1 min-w-[220px]">
                             <Search className="absolute left-3 top-1/2 -translate-y-1/2 w-5 h-5 text-gray-400" />
-                            <Input value={search} onChange={e => setSearch(e.target.value)} onKeyDown={e => e.key === 'Enter' && apply()} placeholder="Nom, catégorie..." className="pl-10 border-gray-300" />
+                            <Input value={search} onChange={e => setSearch(e.target.value)} onKeyDown={e => e.key === 'Enter' && apply()} placeholder={t('rh.salary_grades.index.search_ph')} className="pl-10 border-gray-300" />
                         </div>
                         <select value={status} onChange={e => setStatus(e.target.value)} className={selectCls}>
-                            <option value="">Toutes</option>
-                            <option value="active">Actives</option>
-                            <option value="inactive">Inactives</option>
+                            <option value="">{t('rh.salary_grades.index.all')}</option>
+                            <option value="active">{t('rh.salary_grades.index.actives')}</option>
+                            <option value="inactive">{t('rh.salary_grades.index.inactives')}</option>
                         </select>
-                        <Button onClick={apply} className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700 text-white gap-2"><Search className="w-4 h-4" /> Rechercher</Button>
-                        {(search || status) && <Button variant="outline" onClick={clear} className="border-gray-300 text-gray-700">Réinit.</Button>}
+                        <Button onClick={apply} className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700 text-white gap-2"><Search className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('rh.salary_grades.index.search')}</Button>
+                        {(search || status) && <Button variant="outline" onClick={clear} className="border-gray-300 text-gray-700">{t('rh.salary_grades.index.reset')}</Button>}
                     </div>
                 </div>
 
                 {/* Table */}
                 <div className="bg-white rounded-xl border border-gray-100 shadow-sm overflow-hidden">
                     <div className="flex items-center justify-between px-5 py-3.5 border-b border-gray-100 gap-4 flex-wrap">
-                        <p className="text-sm font-semibold text-gray-700">{grades.total} grille(s)</p>
+                        <p className="text-sm font-semibold text-gray-700">{t('rh.salary_grades.index.count', { count: grades.total })}</p>
                         <div className="flex items-center gap-2 text-sm text-gray-600">
-                            <span>Lignes par page :</span>
+                            <span>{t('rh.salary_grades.index.per_page')}</span>
                             <select value={perPage} onChange={e => changePerPage(Number(e.target.value))} className="h-8 px-2 border border-gray-300 rounded-md bg-white text-sm focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-blue-500">
                                 {PER_PAGE_OPTIONS.map(n => <option key={n} value={n}>{n}</option>)}
                             </select>
@@ -112,9 +114,9 @@ export default function Index({ grades, perPage, filters, settings }: Readonly<P
                     {grades.data.length === 0 ? (
                         <div className="px-5 py-16 text-center text-gray-400">
                             <Layers className="w-10 h-10 mx-auto mb-3 opacity-30" />
-                            <p className="text-sm">Aucune grille salariale</p>
+                            <p className="text-sm">{t('rh.salary_grades.index.empty')}</p>
                             <Button className="mt-3 gap-2 bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700" onClick={() => router.get(route('salary-grades.create'))}>
-                                <Plus className="w-4 h-4" /> Créer la première grille
+                                <Plus className="w-4 h-4" /> {t('rh.salary_grades.index.create_first')}
                             </Button>
                         </div>
                     ) : (
@@ -122,11 +124,11 @@ export default function Index({ grades, perPage, filters, settings }: Readonly<P
                             <table className="w-full text-sm">
                                 <thead>
                                     <tr className="border-b border-gray-100 bg-gray-50">
-                                        <th className="px-5 py-3 text-left text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 uppercase">Grille</th>
-                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-left text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 uppercase">Catégorie / échelon</th>
-                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-center text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 uppercase">Employés</th>
-                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-right text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 uppercase">Salaire de base</th>
-                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-left text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 uppercase">Statut</th>
+                                        <th className="px-5 py-3 text-left text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 uppercase">{t('rh.salary_grades.index.col_grade')}</th>
+                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-left text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 uppercase">{t('rh.salary_grades.index.col_category')}</th>
+                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-center text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 uppercase">{t('rh.salary_grades.index.col_employees')}</th>
+                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-right text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 uppercase">{t('rh.salary_grades.index.col_base')}</th>
+                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-left text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 uppercase">{t('rh.salary_grades.index.col_status')}</th>
                                         <th className="px-4 py-3 w-24"></th>
                                     </tr>
                                 </thead>
@@ -135,7 +137,7 @@ export default function Index({ grades, perPage, filters, settings }: Readonly<P
                                         <tr key={g.id} className="hover:bg-gray-50/50">
                                             <td className="px-5 py-3 font-medium text-gray-900">{g.name}</td>
                                             <td className="px-4 py-3 text-gray-600">
-                                                {[g.category && `Cat. ${g.category}`, g.echelon != null && `échelon ${g.echelon}`].filter(Boolean).join(' · ') || '—'}
+                                                {[g.category && t('rh.salary_grades.index.cat', { category: g.category }), g.echelon != null && t('rh.salary_grades.index.echelon', { echelon: g.echelon })].filter(Boolean).join(' · ') || '—'}
                                             </td>
                                             <td className="px-4 py-3 text-center">
                                                 <span className="inline-flex items-center gap-1 text-gray-600">
@@ -145,14 +147,14 @@ export default function Index({ grades, perPage, filters, settings }: Readonly<P
                                             <td className="px-4 py-3 text-right font-semibold text-gray-900">{fmt(g.base_amount)}</td>
                                             <td className="px-4 py-3">
                                                 {g.active
-                                                    ? <span className="inline-block text-xs font-medium px-2 py-0.5 rounded-full bg-green-100 text-green-700">Active</span>
-                                                    : <span className="inline-block text-xs font-medium px-2 py-0.5 rounded-full bg-gray-200 text-gray-600">Inactive</span>}
+                                                    ? <span className="inline-block text-xs font-medium px-2 py-0.5 rounded-full bg-green-100 text-green-700">{t('rh.salary_grades.index.active')}</span>
+                                                    : <span className="inline-block text-xs font-medium px-2 py-0.5 rounded-full bg-gray-200 text-gray-600">{t('rh.salary_grades.index.inactive')}</span>}
                                             </td>
                                             <td className="px-4 py-3">
                                                 <div className="flex items-center justify-end gap-1">
-                                                    <button onClick={() => router.get(route('salary-grades.employees', g.id))} className="p-1.5 rounded-lg text-gray-400 hover:text-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-50" aria-label="Affecter des employés" title="Affecter des employés"><Users className="w-4 h-4" /></button>
-                                                    <button onClick={() => router.get(route('salary-grades.edit', g.id))} className="p-1.5 rounded-lg text-gray-400 hover:text-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-50" aria-label="Modifier"><Pencil className="w-4 h-4" /></button>
-                                                    <button onClick={() => setDeletingId(g.id)} className="p-1.5 rounded-lg text-gray-400 hover:text-red-600 hover:bg-red-50" aria-label="Supprimer"><Trash2 className="w-4 h-4" /></button>
+                                                    <button onClick={() => router.get(route('salary-grades.employees', g.id))} className="p-1.5 rounded-lg text-gray-400 hover:text-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-50" aria-label={t('rh.salary_grades.index.assign_employees')} title={t('rh.salary_grades.index.assign_employees')}><Users className="w-4 h-4" /></button>
+                                                    <button onClick={() => router.get(route('salary-grades.edit', g.id))} className="p-1.5 rounded-lg text-gray-400 hover:text-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-50" aria-label={t('rh.salary_grades.index.edit')}><Pencil className="w-4 h-4" /></button>
+                                                    <button onClick={() => setDeletingId(g.id)} className="p-1.5 rounded-lg text-gray-400 hover:text-red-600 hover:bg-red-50" aria-label={t('rh.salary_grades.index.delete')}><Trash2 className="w-4 h-4" /></button>
                                                 </div>
                                             </td>
                                         </tr>
@@ -163,7 +165,7 @@ export default function Index({ grades, perPage, filters, settings }: Readonly<P
                     )}
 
                     <div className="px-5 py-3.5 border-t border-gray-100 flex items-center justify-between gap-4 flex-wrap">
-                        {grades.total > 0 && <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">{grades.from}–{grades.to} sur {grades.total}</p>}
+                        {grades.total > 0 && <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">{t('rh.salary_grades.index.range', { from: grades.from, to: grades.to, total: grades.total })}</p>}
                         {grades.last_page > 1 && (
                             <div className="flex items-center gap-1.5">
                                 <Button size="sm" variant="outline" className="h-8 w-8 p-0" disabled={grades.current_page === 1} onClick={() => goToPage(grades.current_page - 1)}><ChevronLeft className="w-4 h-4" /></Button>
@@ -178,14 +180,14 @@ export default function Index({ grades, perPage, filters, settings }: Readonly<P
             <AlertDialog open={!!deletingId} onOpenChange={() => setDeletingId(null)}>
                 <AlertDialogContent>
                     <AlertDialogHeader>
-                        <AlertDialogTitle>Supprimer cette grille ?</AlertDialogTitle>
-                        <AlertDialogDescription>Impossible si des employés y sont rattachés. Les bulletins déjà générés ne sont pas affectés.</AlertDialogDescription>
+                        <AlertDialogTitle>{t('rh.salary_grades.index.delete_title')}</AlertDialogTitle>
+                        <AlertDialogDescription>{t('rh.salary_grades.index.delete_desc')}</AlertDialogDescription>
                     </AlertDialogHeader>
                     <div className="flex justify-end gap-2">
-                        <AlertDialogCancel>Annuler</AlertDialogCancel>
+                        <AlertDialogCancel>{t('rh.salary_grades.index.cancel')}</AlertDialogCancel>
                         <AlertDialogAction className="bg-red-600 hover:bg-red-700" onClick={() => {
                             if (deletingId) router.delete(route('salary-grades.destroy', deletingId), { preserveScroll: true, onFinish: () => setDeletingId(null) });
-                        }}>Supprimer</AlertDialogAction>
+                        }}>{t('rh.salary_grades.index.delete')}</AlertDialogAction>
                     </div>
                 </AlertDialogContent>
             </AlertDialog>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/Statistiques/Index.tsx b/resources/js/pages/Statistiques/Index.tsx
index 271affe9..66702ccc 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/Statistiques/Index.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/Statistiques/Index.tsx
@@ -9,6 +9,7 @@ import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { Select, SelectContent, SelectItem, SelectTrigger, SelectValue } from '@/components/ui/select';
 import { useMoney } from '@/helpers/money';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 import { useChartTheme } from '@/lib/chart-theme';
 import type { BreadcrumbItem } from '@/types';
@@ -78,11 +79,6 @@ interface Props {
 }
 
 /* ---------------- Helpers ---------------- */
-const methodLabel: Record<string, string> = { CASH: 'Espèces', MOBILE_MONEY: 'Mobile Money', BANK_TRANSFER: 'Virement', CHEQUE: 'Chèque' };
-
-
-const breadcrumbs: BreadcrumbItem[] = [{ title: 'Statistiques', href: '/statistiques' }];
-
 function Kpi({ label, value, sub, icon: Icon, tone }: { label: string; value: string | number; sub?: string; icon: React.ElementType; tone: string }) {
     return (
         <div className="rounded-xl border border-gray-100 dark:border-gray-700 bg-white dark:bg-card p-5 shadow-sm">
@@ -165,23 +161,32 @@ function TreemapNode(props: {
 type Tab = 'effectifs' | 'finances' | 'reussite' | 'encadrement' | 'assiduite' | 'comparaisons' | 'geographie';
 
 export default function StatisticsIndex({ filters, academicYears, classes, enrollment, finance, success, resources, attendance, trends, geography }: Readonly<Props>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const theme = useChartTheme();
     const [BLUE, ORANGE, GREEN, VIOLET] = theme.series;
 
+    const breadcrumbs: BreadcrumbItem[] = [{ title: t('statistiques.title'), href: '/statistiques' }];
+    const methodLabel: Record<string, string> = {
+        CASH: t('statistiques.method_cash'),
+        MOBILE_MONEY: t('statistiques.method_mobile_money'),
+        BANK_TRANSFER: t('statistiques.method_bank_transfer'),
+        CHEQUE: t('statistiques.method_cheque'),
+    };
+
     // La couleur est portée par la catégorie elle-même : filtrer une catégorie
     // vide ne doit jamais repeindre les autres.
     const genderData = [
-        { name: 'Garçons', value: enrollment.gender.male, color: BLUE },
-        { name: 'Filles', value: enrollment.gender.female, color: ORANGE },
-        { name: 'Autre', value: enrollment.gender.other, color: GREEN },
+        { name: t('statistiques.boys'), value: enrollment.gender.male, color: BLUE },
+        { name: t('statistiques.girls'), value: enrollment.gender.female, color: ORANGE },
+        { name: t('statistiques.other'), value: enrollment.gender.other, color: GREEN },
     ].filter((d) => d.value > 0);
 
     // Donnée ordonnée (Passable → Très bien) : rampe séquentielle, pas des teintes sans rapport.
     const mentionData = [
-        { name: 'Passable', value: success.mentions.passable },
-        { name: 'Assez bien', value: success.mentions.assez_bien },
-        { name: 'Bien', value: success.mentions.bien },
-        { name: 'Très bien', value: success.mentions.tres_bien },
+        { name: t('statistiques.mention_passable'), value: success.mentions.passable },
+        { name: t('statistiques.mention_assez_bien'), value: success.mentions.assez_bien },
+        { name: t('statistiques.mention_bien'), value: success.mentions.bien },
+        { name: t('statistiques.mention_tres_bien'), value: success.mentions.tres_bien },
     ].map((d, i) => ({ ...d, color: theme.sequential[i] })).filter((d) => d.value > 0);
     const money = useMoney();
     const [tab, setTab] = useState<Tab>('effectifs');
@@ -202,13 +207,13 @@ export default function StatisticsIndex({ filters, academicYears, classes, enrol
     };
 
     const tabs: { key: Tab; label: string; icon: React.ElementType }[] = [
-        { key: 'effectifs', label: 'Effectifs & parité', icon: Users },
-        { key: 'finances', label: 'Finances & recouvrement', icon: Wallet },
-        { key: 'reussite', label: 'Réussite & examens', icon: GraduationCap },
-        { key: 'encadrement', label: 'Encadrement', icon: School },
-        { key: 'assiduite', label: 'Assiduité', icon: UserCheck },
-        { key: 'comparaisons', label: 'Comparaisons', icon: TrendingUp },
-        { key: 'geographie', label: 'Géographie', icon: MapPin },
+        { key: 'effectifs', label: t('statistiques.tab_effectifs'), icon: Users },
+        { key: 'finances', label: t('statistiques.tab_finances'), icon: Wallet },
+        { key: 'reussite', label: t('statistiques.tab_reussite'), icon: GraduationCap },
+        { key: 'encadrement', label: t('statistiques.tab_encadrement'), icon: School },
+        { key: 'assiduite', label: t('statistiques.tab_assiduite'), icon: UserCheck },
+        { key: 'comparaisons', label: t('statistiques.tab_comparaisons'), icon: TrendingUp },
+        { key: 'geographie', label: t('statistiques.tab_geographie'), icon: MapPin },
     ];
 
     /* ---- Effectifs & parité : filtre par cycle sur les classes, pyramide des âges. ---- */
@@ -264,10 +269,10 @@ export default function StatisticsIndex({ filters, academicYears, classes, enrol
     };
     const isPct = (k: TrendKey) => k !== 'effectif';
     const trendKpis: { key: TrendKey; label: string; higherIsBetter: boolean }[] = [
-        { key: 'effectif', label: 'Effectif', higherIsBetter: true },
-        { key: 'reussite', label: 'Réussite', higherIsBetter: true },
-        { key: 'recouvrement', label: 'Recouvrement', higherIsBetter: true },
-        { key: 'abandon', label: 'Abandon', higherIsBetter: false },
+        { key: 'effectif', label: t('statistiques.kpi_effectif'), higherIsBetter: true },
+        { key: 'reussite', label: t('statistiques.kpi_reussite'), higherIsBetter: true },
+        { key: 'recouvrement', label: t('statistiques.kpi_recouvrement'), higherIsBetter: true },
+        { key: 'abandon', label: t('statistiques.kpi_abandon_short'), higherIsBetter: false },
     ];
 
     /* ---- Géographie : concentration et hiérarchie région → préfecture. ---- */
@@ -309,28 +314,28 @@ export default function StatisticsIndex({ filters, academicYears, classes, enrol
 
     return (
         <AppLayout breadcrumbs={breadcrumbs}>
-            <Head title="Statistiques" />
+            <Head title={t('statistiques.title')} />
             <div className="space-y-6 p-1">
                 {/* En-tête + filtres */}
                 <div className="flex flex-wrap items-start justify-between gap-4">
                     <div>
                         <h1 className="text-2xl font-bold text-gray-900 dark:text-white flex items-center gap-3">
-                            <BarChart3 className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" /> Statistiques
+                            <BarChart3 className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" /> {t('statistiques.title')}
                         </h1>
-                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-500 mt-0.5">Indicateurs de l'établissement — effectifs, finances et réussite.</p>
+                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-500 mt-0.5">{t('statistiques.subtitle')}</p>
                     </div>
                     <div className="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-2">
                         <Select value={filters.academic_year_id ?? ''} onValueChange={(v) => setFilter('academic_year_id', v)}>
-                            <SelectTrigger className="w-40 bg-white dark:bg-card"><SelectValue placeholder="Année" /></SelectTrigger>
-                            <SelectContent>{academicYears.map((y) => <SelectItem key={y.id} value={y.id}>{y.year}{y.active ? ' · active' : ''}</SelectItem>)}</SelectContent>
+                            <SelectTrigger className="w-40 bg-white dark:bg-card"><SelectValue placeholder={t('statistiques.year_ph')} /></SelectTrigger>
+                            <SelectContent>{academicYears.map((y) => <SelectItem key={y.id} value={y.id}>{y.year}{y.active ? t('statistiques.active_suffix') : ''}</SelectItem>)}</SelectContent>
                         </Select>
                         <Select value={filters.class_id ?? 'all'} onValueChange={(v) => setFilter('class_id', v)}>
-                            <SelectTrigger className="w-40 bg-white dark:bg-card"><SelectValue placeholder="Classe" /></SelectTrigger>
-                            <SelectContent><SelectItem value="all">Toutes les classes</SelectItem>{classes.map((c) => <SelectItem key={c.id} value={c.id}>{c.name}</SelectItem>)}</SelectContent>
+                            <SelectTrigger className="w-40 bg-white dark:bg-card"><SelectValue placeholder={t('statistiques.class_ph')} /></SelectTrigger>
+                            <SelectContent><SelectItem value="all">{t('statistiques.all_classes')}</SelectItem>{classes.map((c) => <SelectItem key={c.id} value={c.id}>{c.name}</SelectItem>)}</SelectContent>
                         </Select>
                         <Select value={filters.gender ?? 'all'} onValueChange={(v) => setFilter('gender', v)}>
-                            <SelectTrigger className="w-32 bg-white dark:bg-card"><SelectValue placeholder="Sexe" /></SelectTrigger>
-                            <SelectContent><SelectItem value="all">Tous</SelectItem><SelectItem value="male">Garçons</SelectItem><SelectItem value="female">Filles</SelectItem></SelectContent>
+                            <SelectTrigger className="w-32 bg-white dark:bg-card"><SelectValue placeholder={t('statistiques.gender_ph')} /></SelectTrigger>
+                            <SelectContent><SelectItem value="all">{t('statistiques.all')}</SelectItem><SelectItem value="male">{t('statistiques.boys')}</SelectItem><SelectItem value="female">{t('statistiques.girls')}</SelectItem></SelectContent>
                         </Select>
                     </div>
                 </div>
@@ -355,26 +360,26 @@ export default function StatisticsIndex({ filters, academicYears, classes, enrol
                 {tab === 'effectifs' && (
                     <div className="space-y-6">
                         <div className="grid grid-cols-2 lg:grid-cols-4 gap-4">
-                            <Kpi label="Effectif total" value={enrollment.total} sub={`${enrollment.gender.male} G · ${enrollment.gender.female} F`} icon={Users} tone="text-blue-600" />
-                            <Kpi label="Indice de parité (IPS)" value={enrollment.ips ?? '—'} sub={`${enrollment.part_filles}% de filles`} icon={PieIcon} tone="text-pink-600" />
-                            <Kpi label="Taux de redoublement" value={`${enrollment.rates.redoublement}%`} sub={`Promotion ${enrollment.rates.promotion}%`} icon={TrendingUp} tone="text-orange-600" />
-                            <Kpi label="Taux d'abandon" value={`${enrollment.rates.abandon}%`} sub={`Âge moyen ${enrollment.age_moyen ?? '—'}`} icon={GraduationCap} tone="text-red-600" />
+                            <Kpi label={t('statistiques.kpi_total')} value={enrollment.total} sub={t('statistiques.kpi_total_sub', { boys: enrollment.gender.male, girls: enrollment.gender.female })} icon={Users} tone="text-blue-600" />
+                            <Kpi label={t('statistiques.kpi_ips')} value={enrollment.ips ?? '—'} sub={t('statistiques.kpi_ips_sub', { pct: enrollment.part_filles })} icon={PieIcon} tone="text-pink-600" />
+                            <Kpi label={t('statistiques.kpi_redoublement')} value={`${enrollment.rates.redoublement}%`} sub={t('statistiques.kpi_promotion_sub', { pct: enrollment.rates.promotion })} icon={TrendingUp} tone="text-orange-600" />
+                            <Kpi label={t('statistiques.kpi_abandon')} value={`${enrollment.rates.abandon}%`} sub={t('statistiques.kpi_age_sub', { age: enrollment.age_moyen ?? '—' })} icon={GraduationCap} tone="text-red-600" />
                         </div>
                         <div className="grid lg:grid-cols-3 gap-5">
-                            <div className="lg:col-span-2"><Card title="Effectifs par classe (garçons / filles)" icon={<Users className="w-4 h-4" />}>
+                            <div className="lg:col-span-2"><Card title={t('statistiques.card_by_class')} icon={<Users className="w-4 h-4" />}>
                                 <div className="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-2 mb-3">
                                     {['Tous', ...effCycles].map((c) => (
                                         <button key={c} type="button" onClick={() => setEffCycle(c)}
                                             className={`px-2.5 py-1 rounded-full text-xs font-medium transition-colors ${effCycle === c ? 'bg-blue-600 text-white' : 'bg-gray-100 dark:bg-gray-700 text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300 hover:bg-gray-200 dark:hover:bg-gray-600'}`}>
-                                            {c}
+                                            {c === 'Tous' ? t('statistiques.all_cycles') : c}
                                         </button>
                                     ))}
                                     <div className="ml-auto flex items-center gap-1 text-xs text-gray-400">
-                                        <span className="mr-1">Tri</span>
+                                        <span className="mr-1">{t('statistiques.sort')}</span>
                                         {(['niveau', 'effectif'] as const).map((s) => (
                                             <button key={s} type="button" onClick={() => setEffSort(s)}
                                                 className={`px-2 py-1 rounded-md transition-colors ${effSort === s ? 'bg-gray-200 dark:bg-gray-600 text-gray-800 dark:text-gray-100 font-medium' : 'hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700'}`}>
-                                                {s === 'niveau' ? 'Par niveau' : 'Par effectif'}
+                                                {s === 'niveau' ? t('statistiques.sort_level') : t('statistiques.sort_headcount')}
                                             </button>
                                         ))}
                                     </div>
@@ -386,12 +391,12 @@ export default function StatisticsIndex({ filters, academicYears, classes, enrol
                                         <YAxis tick={{ fontSize: 11, fill: theme.tick }} axisLine={false} tickLine={false} width={30} allowDecimals={false} />
                                         <RTooltip contentStyle={theme.tooltip.contentStyle} itemStyle={theme.tooltip.itemStyle} />
                                         <Legend wrapperStyle={{ fontSize: 11 }} />
-                                        <Bar dataKey="male" name="Garçons" stackId="a" fill={BLUE} maxBarSize={44} />
-                                        <Bar dataKey="female" name="Filles" stackId="a" fill={ORANGE} radius={[4, 4, 0, 0]} maxBarSize={44} />
+                                        <Bar dataKey="male" name={t('statistiques.boys')} stackId="a" fill={BLUE} maxBarSize={44} />
+                                        <Bar dataKey="female" name={t('statistiques.girls')} stackId="a" fill={ORANGE} radius={[4, 4, 0, 0]} maxBarSize={44} />
                                     </BarChart>
                                 </ResponsiveContainer>
                             </Card></div>
-                            <Card title="Répartition par sexe" icon={<PieIcon className="w-4 h-4" />}>
+                            <Card title={t('statistiques.card_by_gender')} icon={<PieIcon className="w-4 h-4" />}>
                                 <ResponsiveContainer width="100%" height={260}>
                                     <PieChart>
                                         <Pie isAnimationActive={false} dataKey="value" nameKey="name" innerRadius={55} outerRadius={90} paddingAngle={2}
@@ -405,29 +410,29 @@ export default function StatisticsIndex({ filters, academicYears, classes, enrol
                             </Card>
                         </div>
                         <div className="grid lg:grid-cols-2 gap-5">
-                            <Card title="Pyramide des âges (garçons / filles)" icon={<BarChart3 className="w-4 h-4" />}>
+                            <Card title={t('statistiques.card_age_pyramid')} icon={<BarChart3 className="w-4 h-4" />}>
                                 <ResponsiveContainer width="100%" height={300}>
                                     <BarChart layout="vertical" data={agePyramid} stackOffset="sign" margin={{ top: 4, right: 12, left: 0, bottom: 0 }}>
                                         <CartesianGrid strokeDasharray="3 3" stroke={theme.grid} horizontal={false} />
                                         <XAxis type="number" domain={[-ageAxisMax, ageAxisMax]} tickFormatter={(v) => `${Math.abs(Number(v))}`} tick={{ fontSize: 11, fill: theme.tick }} axisLine={false} tickLine={false} allowDecimals={false} />
                                         <YAxis type="category" dataKey="age" reversed tick={{ fontSize: 11, fill: theme.axis }} axisLine={false} tickLine={false} width={28} />
-                                        <RTooltip contentStyle={theme.tooltip.contentStyle} itemStyle={theme.tooltip.itemStyle} formatter={(v, n) => [Math.abs(Number(v)), n]} labelFormatter={(l) => `${l} ans`} />
+                                        <RTooltip contentStyle={theme.tooltip.contentStyle} itemStyle={theme.tooltip.itemStyle} formatter={(v, n) => [Math.abs(Number(v)), n]} labelFormatter={(l) => t('statistiques.years_old', { value: l })} />
                                         <Legend wrapperStyle={{ fontSize: 11 }} />
-                                        <Bar dataKey="male" name="Garçons" stackId="pyr" fill={BLUE} maxBarSize={18} />
-                                        <Bar dataKey="female" name="Filles" stackId="pyr" fill={ORANGE} maxBarSize={18} />
+                                        <Bar dataKey="male" name={t('statistiques.boys')} stackId="pyr" fill={BLUE} maxBarSize={18} />
+                                        <Bar dataKey="female" name={t('statistiques.girls')} stackId="pyr" fill={ORANGE} maxBarSize={18} />
                                     </BarChart>
                                 </ResponsiveContainer>
                                 <div className="mt-3 flex items-center justify-between rounded-lg bg-amber-50 dark:bg-amber-900/20 px-3 py-2 text-sm">
-                                    <span className="text-amber-700 dark:text-amber-300">Taux de sur-âge (≥ +{enrollment.over_age.threshold} ans)</span>
+                                    <span className="text-amber-700 dark:text-amber-300">{t('statistiques.overage_label', { threshold: enrollment.over_age.threshold })}</span>
                                     <span className="font-bold text-amber-700 dark:text-amber-300">
                                         {enrollment.over_age.evaluated === 0 ? '—' : `${enrollment.over_age.rate}%`}
                                         {enrollment.over_age.evaluated > 0 && <span className="text-xs font-normal ml-1">({enrollment.over_age.count}/{enrollment.over_age.evaluated})</span>}
                                     </span>
                                 </div>
-                                {enrollment.over_age.evaluated === 0 && <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 mt-1.5">Renseignez l'âge attendu sur les classes pour activer ce calcul.</p>}
+                                {enrollment.over_age.evaluated === 0 && <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 mt-1.5">{t('statistiques.overage_hint')}</p>}
                             </Card>
-                            <Card title="Origine géographique (top villes, par sexe)" icon={<Users className="w-4 h-4" />}>
-                                {enrollment.by_city.length === 0 ? <p className="text-sm text-gray-400 text-center py-8">Non renseigné</p> : (
+                            <Card title={t('statistiques.card_city')} icon={<Users className="w-4 h-4" />}>
+                                {enrollment.by_city.length === 0 ? <p className="text-sm text-gray-400 text-center py-8">{t('statistiques.not_filled')}</p> : (
                                     <ResponsiveContainer width="100%" height={Math.max(220, enrollment.by_city.length * 28 + 24)}>
                                         <BarChart layout="vertical" data={enrollment.by_city} margin={{ top: 4, right: 28, left: 8, bottom: 0 }}>
                                             <CartesianGrid strokeDasharray="3 3" stroke={theme.grid} horizontal={false} />
@@ -435,8 +440,8 @@ export default function StatisticsIndex({ filters, academicYears, classes, enrol
                                             <YAxis type="category" dataKey="city" width={92} tick={{ fontSize: 11, fill: theme.axis }} axisLine={false} tickLine={false} />
                                             <RTooltip contentStyle={theme.tooltip.contentStyle} itemStyle={theme.tooltip.itemStyle} />
                                             <Legend wrapperStyle={{ fontSize: 11 }} />
-                                            <Bar dataKey="male" name="Garçons" stackId="c" fill={BLUE} maxBarSize={20} />
-                                            <Bar dataKey="female" name="Filles" stackId="c" fill={ORANGE} radius={[0, 4, 4, 0]} maxBarSize={20}>
+                                            <Bar dataKey="male" name={t('statistiques.boys')} stackId="c" fill={BLUE} maxBarSize={20} />
+                                            <Bar dataKey="female" name={t('statistiques.girls')} stackId="c" fill={ORANGE} radius={[0, 4, 4, 0]} maxBarSize={20}>
                                                 <LabelList dataKey="total" position="right" style={{ fontSize: 11, fill: theme.tick }} />
                                             </Bar>
                                         </BarChart>
@@ -451,13 +456,13 @@ export default function StatisticsIndex({ filters, academicYears, classes, enrol
                 {tab === 'finances' && (
                     <div className="space-y-6">
                         <div className="grid grid-cols-2 lg:grid-cols-4 gap-4">
-                            <Kpi label="Total facturé" value={money(finance.billed)} sub={`${finance.total_invoices} factures`} icon={Wallet} tone="text-blue-600" />
-                            <Kpi label="Encaissé" value={money(finance.collected)} icon={TrendingUp} tone="text-green-600" />
-                            <Kpi label="Taux de recouvrement" value={`${finance.recovery_rate}%`} sub={money(finance.remaining) + ' restant'} icon={PieIcon} tone="text-orange-600" />
-                            <Kpi label="Impayés" value={finance.unpaid_count} sub={`${finance.partial_count} partiels`} icon={GraduationCap} tone="text-red-600" />
+                            <Kpi label={t('statistiques.kpi_billed')} value={money(finance.billed)} sub={t('statistiques.kpi_billed_sub', { count: finance.total_invoices })} icon={Wallet} tone="text-blue-600" />
+                            <Kpi label={t('statistiques.kpi_collected')} value={money(finance.collected)} icon={TrendingUp} tone="text-green-600" />
+                            <Kpi label={t('statistiques.kpi_recovery')} value={`${finance.recovery_rate}%`} sub={t('statistiques.kpi_remaining_sub', { amount: money(finance.remaining) })} icon={PieIcon} tone="text-orange-600" />
+                            <Kpi label={t('statistiques.kpi_unpaid')} value={finance.unpaid_count} sub={t('statistiques.kpi_unpaid_sub', { count: finance.partial_count })} icon={GraduationCap} tone="text-red-600" />
                         </div>
                         <div className="grid lg:grid-cols-3 gap-5">
-                            <div className="lg:col-span-2"><Card title="Encaissements mensuels" icon={<TrendingUp className="w-4 h-4" />}>
+                            <div className="lg:col-span-2"><Card title={t('statistiques.card_monthly')} icon={<TrendingUp className="w-4 h-4" />}>
                                 <ResponsiveContainer width="100%" height={240}>
                                     <AreaChart data={finance.monthly}>
                                         <defs><linearGradient id="g" x1="0" y1="0" x2="0" y2="1"><stop offset="5%" stopColor={BLUE} stopOpacity={0.35} /><stop offset="95%" stopColor={BLUE} stopOpacity={0} /></linearGradient></defs>
@@ -468,7 +473,7 @@ export default function StatisticsIndex({ filters, academicYears, classes, enrol
                                     </AreaChart>
                                 </ResponsiveContainer>
                             </Card></div>
-                            <Card title="Modes de paiement" icon={<PieIcon className="w-4 h-4" />}>
+                            <Card title={t('statistiques.card_methods')} icon={<PieIcon className="w-4 h-4" />}>
                                 {/* Comparer des montants par catégorie est une magnitude, pas une identité :
                                     des barres étiquetées en une seule teinte se lisent mieux qu'un camembert,
                                     et l'identité ne repose plus sur la couleur. */}
@@ -488,26 +493,26 @@ export default function StatisticsIndex({ filters, academicYears, classes, enrol
                         {/* Recouvrement par classe — filtrable, plusieurs situations */}
                         <div className="space-y-5">
                             <div className="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-2">
-                                <span className="text-sm font-semibold text-gray-900 dark:text-white mr-2 flex items-center gap-2"><Wallet className="w-4 h-4 text-gray-400" /> Recouvrement par classe</span>
+                                <span className="text-sm font-semibold text-gray-900 dark:text-white mr-2 flex items-center gap-2"><Wallet className="w-4 h-4 text-gray-400" /> {t('statistiques.recovery_by_class')}</span>
                                 {['Tous', ...finCycles].map((c) => (
                                     <button key={c} type="button" onClick={() => setFinCycle(c)}
                                         className={`px-2.5 py-1 rounded-full text-xs font-medium transition-colors ${finCycle === c ? 'bg-blue-600 text-white' : 'bg-gray-100 dark:bg-gray-700 text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-300 hover:bg-gray-200 dark:hover:bg-gray-600'}`}>
-                                        {c}
+                                        {c === 'Tous' ? t('statistiques.all_cycles') : c}
                                     </button>
                                 ))}
                                 <div className="ml-auto flex items-center gap-1 text-xs text-gray-400">
-                                    <span className="mr-1">Tri</span>
+                                    <span className="mr-1">{t('statistiques.sort')}</span>
                                     {(['facture', 'taux'] as const).map((s) => (
                                         <button key={s} type="button" onClick={() => setFinSort(s)}
                                             className={`px-2 py-1 rounded-md transition-colors ${finSort === s ? 'bg-gray-200 dark:bg-gray-600 text-gray-800 dark:text-gray-100 font-medium' : 'hover:bg-gray-100 dark:hover:bg-gray-700'}`}>
-                                            {s === 'facture' ? 'Par montant' : 'Par taux'}
+                                            {s === 'facture' ? t('statistiques.sort_amount') : t('statistiques.sort_rate')}
                                         </button>
                                     ))}
                                 </div>
                             </div>
 
                             <div className="grid lg:grid-cols-2 gap-5">
-                                <Card title="Facturé : encaissé / reste à recouvrer" icon={<Wallet className="w-4 h-4" />}>
+                                <Card title={t('statistiques.card_billed_split')} icon={<Wallet className="w-4 h-4" />}>
                                     <ResponsiveContainer width="100%" height={finChartHeight}>
                                         <BarChart layout="vertical" data={finClasses} margin={{ top: 4, right: 12, left: 8, bottom: 0 }}>
                                             <CartesianGrid strokeDasharray="3 3" stroke={theme.grid} horizontal={false} />
@@ -515,19 +520,19 @@ export default function StatisticsIndex({ filters, academicYears, classes, enrol
                                             <YAxis type="category" dataKey="name" width={96} tick={{ fontSize: 11, fill: theme.axis }} axisLine={false} tickLine={false} />
                                             <RTooltip contentStyle={theme.tooltip.contentStyle} itemStyle={theme.tooltip.itemStyle} formatter={(v, n) => [money(Number(v)), n]} />
                                             <Legend wrapperStyle={{ fontSize: 11 }} />
-                                            <Bar dataKey="collected" name="Encaissé" stackId="m" fill={GREEN} maxBarSize={20} />
-                                            <Bar dataKey="remaining" name="Reste à recouvrer" stackId="m" fill="#f59e0b" radius={[0, 4, 4, 0]} maxBarSize={20} />
+                                            <Bar dataKey="collected" name={t('statistiques.series_collected')} stackId="m" fill={GREEN} maxBarSize={20} />
+                                            <Bar dataKey="remaining" name={t('statistiques.series_remaining')} stackId="m" fill="#f59e0b" radius={[0, 4, 4, 0]} maxBarSize={20} />
                                         </BarChart>
                                     </ResponsiveContainer>
                                 </Card>
-                                <Card title="Taux de recouvrement par classe" icon={<TrendingUp className="w-4 h-4" />}>
+                                <Card title={t('statistiques.card_recovery_rate')} icon={<TrendingUp className="w-4 h-4" />}>
                                     <ResponsiveContainer width="100%" height={finChartHeight}>
                                         <BarChart layout="vertical" data={finClasses} margin={{ top: 4, right: 36, left: 8, bottom: 0 }}>
                                             <CartesianGrid strokeDasharray="3 3" stroke={theme.grid} horizontal={false} />
                                             <XAxis type="number" domain={[0, 100]} tick={{ fontSize: 11, fill: theme.tick }} axisLine={false} tickLine={false} tickFormatter={(v) => `${v}%`} />
                                             <YAxis type="category" dataKey="name" width={96} tick={{ fontSize: 11, fill: theme.axis }} axisLine={false} tickLine={false} />
-                                            <RTooltip contentStyle={theme.tooltip.contentStyle} itemStyle={theme.tooltip.itemStyle} formatter={(v) => [`${v}%`, 'Taux']} />
-                                            <ReferenceLine x={finance.recovery_rate} stroke={theme.axis} strokeDasharray="4 3" label={{ value: `moy. ${finance.recovery_rate}%`, fontSize: 10, fill: theme.tick, position: 'top' }} />
+                                            <RTooltip contentStyle={theme.tooltip.contentStyle} itemStyle={theme.tooltip.itemStyle} formatter={(v) => [`${v}%`, t('statistiques.rate_label')]} />
+                                            <ReferenceLine x={finance.recovery_rate} stroke={theme.axis} strokeDasharray="4 3" label={{ value: t('statistiques.avg_prefix', { rate: finance.recovery_rate }), fontSize: 10, fill: theme.tick, position: 'top' }} />
                                             <Bar dataKey="rate" radius={[0, 4, 4, 0]} maxBarSize={20}>
                                                 {finClasses.map((c) => <Cell key={c.name} fill={rateColor(c.rate)} />)}
                                                 <LabelList dataKey="rate" position="right" formatter={(v) => `${v}%`} style={{ fontSize: 10, fill: theme.tick }} />
@@ -535,18 +540,18 @@ export default function StatisticsIndex({ filters, academicYears, classes, enrol
                                         </BarChart>
                                     </ResponsiveContainer>
                                     <div className="flex items-center gap-3 mt-2 text-xs text-gray-400">
-                                        <span className="flex items-center gap-1"><span className="inline-block w-2.5 h-2.5 rounded-sm" style={{ background: '#16a34a' }} /> ≥ 80 %</span>
-                                        <span className="flex items-center gap-1"><span className="inline-block w-2.5 h-2.5 rounded-sm" style={{ background: '#d97706' }} /> 60–79 %</span>
-                                        <span className="flex items-center gap-1"><span className="inline-block w-2.5 h-2.5 rounded-sm" style={{ background: '#dc2626' }} /> &lt; 60 %</span>
+                                        <span className="flex items-center gap-1"><span className="inline-block w-2.5 h-2.5 rounded-sm" style={{ background: '#16a34a' }} /> {t('statistiques.legend_high')}</span>
+                                        <span className="flex items-center gap-1"><span className="inline-block w-2.5 h-2.5 rounded-sm" style={{ background: '#d97706' }} /> {t('statistiques.legend_mid')}</span>
+                                        <span className="flex items-center gap-1"><span className="inline-block w-2.5 h-2.5 rounded-sm" style={{ background: '#dc2626' }} /> {t('statistiques.legend_low')}</span>
                                     </div>
                                 </Card>
                             </div>
 
-                            <Card title="Détail par classe" icon={<BarChart3 className="w-4 h-4" />}>
+                            <Card title={t('statistiques.card_detail')} icon={<BarChart3 className="w-4 h-4" />}>
                                 <div className="overflow-x-auto">
                                     <table className="w-full text-sm">
                                         <thead><tr className="text-left text-xs text-gray-500 uppercase border-b border-gray-100 dark:border-gray-700">
-                                            <th className="py-2">Classe</th><th className="py-2 text-right">Facturé</th><th className="py-2 text-right">Encaissé</th><th className="py-2 text-right">Reste</th><th className="py-2 text-right">Taux</th></tr></thead>
+                                            <th className="py-2">{t('statistiques.th_class')}</th><th className="py-2 text-right">{t('statistiques.th_billed')}</th><th className="py-2 text-right">{t('statistiques.th_collected')}</th><th className="py-2 text-right">{t('statistiques.th_remaining')}</th><th className="py-2 text-right">{t('statistiques.th_rate')}</th></tr></thead>
                                         <tbody>{finClasses.map((c) => (
                                             <tr key={c.name} className="border-b border-gray-50 dark:border-gray-700/50">
                                                 <td className="py-2">{c.name}</td>
@@ -566,13 +571,13 @@ export default function StatisticsIndex({ filters, academicYears, classes, enrol
                 {tab === 'reussite' && (
                     <div className="space-y-6">
                         <div className="grid grid-cols-2 lg:grid-cols-4 gap-4">
-                            <Kpi label="Bulletins validés" value={success.bulletins} icon={GraduationCap} tone="text-blue-600" />
-                            <Kpi label="Moyenne générale" value={success.moyenne_generale ?? '—'} icon={BarChart3} tone="text-violet-600" />
-                            <Kpi label="Réussite interne (≥10)" value={`${success.pass_rate}%`} icon={TrendingUp} tone="text-green-600" />
-                            <Kpi label="Admission examens off." value={`${success.exams_summary.admission_rate}%`} sub={`${success.exams_summary.admitted}/${success.exams_summary.registered}`} icon={PieIcon} tone="text-orange-600" />
+                            <Kpi label={t('statistiques.kpi_bulletins')} value={success.bulletins} icon={GraduationCap} tone="text-blue-600" />
+                            <Kpi label={t('statistiques.kpi_average')} value={success.moyenne_generale ?? '—'} icon={BarChart3} tone="text-violet-600" />
+                            <Kpi label={t('statistiques.kpi_passrate')} value={`${success.pass_rate}%`} icon={TrendingUp} tone="text-green-600" />
+                            <Kpi label={t('statistiques.kpi_admission')} value={`${success.exams_summary.admission_rate}%`} sub={`${success.exams_summary.admitted}/${success.exams_summary.registered}`} icon={PieIcon} tone="text-orange-600" />
                         </div>
                         <div className="grid lg:grid-cols-3 gap-5">
-                            <Card title="Répartition des mentions" icon={<PieIcon className="w-4 h-4" />}>
+                            <Card title={t('statistiques.card_mentions')} icon={<PieIcon className="w-4 h-4" />}>
                                 <ResponsiveContainer width="100%" height={240}>
                                     <PieChart>
                                         <Pie isAnimationActive={false} dataKey="value" nameKey="name" innerRadius={50} outerRadius={88} paddingAngle={2} data={mentionData}>
@@ -583,12 +588,12 @@ export default function StatisticsIndex({ filters, academicYears, classes, enrol
                                     </PieChart>
                                 </ResponsiveContainer>
                             </Card>
-                            <div className="lg:col-span-2"><Card title="Examens officiels (CEPD / BEPC / BAC)" icon={<GraduationCap className="w-4 h-4" />}>
-                                {success.exams.length === 0 ? <p className="text-sm text-gray-400 text-center py-8">Aucun examen officiel pour cette année</p> : (
+                            <div className="lg:col-span-2"><Card title={t('statistiques.card_exams')} icon={<GraduationCap className="w-4 h-4" />}>
+                                {success.exams.length === 0 ? <p className="text-sm text-gray-400 text-center py-8">{t('statistiques.no_exams')}</p> : (
                                     <div className="overflow-x-auto">
                                         <table className="w-full text-sm">
                                             <thead><tr className="text-left text-xs text-gray-500 uppercase border-b border-gray-100 dark:border-gray-700">
-                                                <th className="py-2">Examen</th><th className="py-2 text-right">Inscrits</th><th className="py-2 text-right">Admis</th><th className="py-2 text-right">Admission</th></tr></thead>
+                                                <th className="py-2">{t('statistiques.th_exam')}</th><th className="py-2 text-right">{t('statistiques.th_registered')}</th><th className="py-2 text-right">{t('statistiques.th_admitted')}</th><th className="py-2 text-right">{t('statistiques.th_admission')}</th></tr></thead>
                                             <tbody>{success.exams.map((e, i) => (
                                                 <tr key={i} className="border-b border-gray-50 dark:border-gray-700/50">
                                                     <td className="py-2"><span className="uppercase text-blue-600 font-bold mr-1.5">{e.type}</span>{e.name}</td>
@@ -607,30 +612,30 @@ export default function StatisticsIndex({ filters, academicYears, classes, enrol
                 {tab === 'encadrement' && (
                     <div className="space-y-6">
                         <div className="grid grid-cols-2 lg:grid-cols-4 gap-4">
-                            <Kpi label="Ratio élèves / enseignant" value={resources.rem ?? '—'} sub={`${resources.total_teachers} enseignants`} icon={GraduationCap} tone="text-blue-600" />
-                            <Kpi label="Effectif total" value={resources.total_students} icon={Users} tone="text-violet-600" />
-                            <Kpi label="Taille moyenne / classe" value={resources.avg_class_size} sub={`${resources.class_count} classes`} icon={Layers} tone="text-green-600" />
-                            <Kpi label="Classes pléthoriques" value={resources.overcrowded.length} sub={`> ${resources.threshold} élèves`} icon={School} tone="text-orange-600" />
+                            <Kpi label={t('statistiques.kpi_rem')} value={resources.rem ?? '—'} sub={t('statistiques.kpi_rem_sub', { count: resources.total_teachers })} icon={GraduationCap} tone="text-blue-600" />
+                            <Kpi label={t('statistiques.kpi_students')} value={resources.total_students} icon={Users} tone="text-violet-600" />
+                            <Kpi label={t('statistiques.kpi_avg_class')} value={resources.avg_class_size} sub={t('statistiques.kpi_avg_class_sub', { count: resources.class_count })} icon={Layers} tone="text-green-600" />
+                            <Kpi label={t('statistiques.kpi_overcrowded')} value={resources.overcrowded.length} sub={t('statistiques.kpi_overcrowded_sub', { threshold: resources.threshold })} icon={School} tone="text-orange-600" />
                         </div>
-                        <Card title="Effectif par classe (rouge = pléthorique)" icon={<Layers className="w-4 h-4" />}>
+                        <Card title={t('statistiques.card_class_sizes')} icon={<Layers className="w-4 h-4" />}>
                             <ResponsiveContainer width="100%" height={300}>
                                 <BarChart data={resources.class_sizes}>
                                     <XAxis dataKey="name" tick={{ fontSize: 11, fill: theme.tick }} axisLine={false} tickLine={false} interval={0} angle={-15} textAnchor="end" height={50} />
                                     <YAxis tick={{ fontSize: 11, fill: theme.tick }} axisLine={false} tickLine={false} width={30} allowDecimals={false} />
                                     <RTooltip />
-                                    <Bar dataKey="total" name="Élèves" radius={[4, 4, 0, 0]}>
+                                    <Bar dataKey="total" name={t('statistiques.series_students')} radius={[4, 4, 0, 0]}>
                                         {resources.class_sizes.map((c, i) => <Cell key={i} fill={c.total > resources.threshold ? ORANGE : BLUE} />)}
                                     </Bar>
                                 </BarChart>
                             </ResponsiveContainer>
                         </Card>
                         {resources.overcrowded.length > 0 && (
-                            <Card title="Classes pléthoriques à surveiller" icon={<School className="w-4 h-4" />}>
+                            <Card title={t('statistiques.card_overcrowded')} icon={<School className="w-4 h-4" />}>
                                 <div className="grid sm:grid-cols-2 lg:grid-cols-3 gap-3">
                                     {resources.overcrowded.map((c) => (
                                         <div key={c.name} className="flex items-center justify-between rounded-lg bg-orange-50 dark:bg-orange-900/20 px-4 py-2.5">
                                             <span className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-800 dark:text-gray-200">{c.name}</span>
-                                            <span className="text-sm font-bold text-orange-600">{c.total} élèves</span>
+                                            <span className="text-sm font-bold text-orange-600">{t('statistiques.students_count', { count: c.total })}</span>
                                         </div>
                                     ))}
                                 </div>
@@ -644,30 +649,30 @@ export default function StatisticsIndex({ filters, academicYears, classes, enrol
                     <div className="space-y-6">
                         {attendance.total === 0 ? (
                             <div className="rounded-xl border border-gray-100 dark:border-gray-700 bg-white dark:bg-card p-12 text-center text-gray-400">
-                                Aucune donnée de présence pour cette période.
+                                {t('statistiques.no_attendance')}
                             </div>
                         ) : (
                             <>
                                 <div className="grid grid-cols-2 lg:grid-cols-4 gap-4">
-                                    <Kpi label="Taux de présence" value={`${attendance.presence_rate}%`} sub={`${attendance.present} présences`} icon={UserCheck} tone="text-green-600" />
-                                    <Kpi label="Taux d'absence" value={`${attendance.absence_rate}%`} sub={`${attendance.absent} absences`} icon={TrendingUp} tone="text-red-600" />
-                                    <Kpi label="Taux de retard" value={`${attendance.late_rate}%`} sub={`${attendance.late} retards`} icon={BarChart3} tone="text-orange-600" />
-                                    <Kpi label="Absentéisme chronique" value={attendance.chronic_absentees} sub={`> ${attendance.chronic_threshold} absences`} icon={Users} tone="text-violet-600" />
+                                    <Kpi label={t('statistiques.kpi_presence')} value={`${attendance.presence_rate}%`} sub={t('statistiques.kpi_presence_sub', { count: attendance.present })} icon={UserCheck} tone="text-green-600" />
+                                    <Kpi label={t('statistiques.kpi_absence')} value={`${attendance.absence_rate}%`} sub={t('statistiques.kpi_absence_sub', { count: attendance.absent })} icon={TrendingUp} tone="text-red-600" />
+                                    <Kpi label={t('statistiques.kpi_late')} value={`${attendance.late_rate}%`} sub={t('statistiques.kpi_late_sub', { count: attendance.late })} icon={BarChart3} tone="text-orange-600" />
+                                    <Kpi label={t('statistiques.kpi_chronic')} value={attendance.chronic_absentees} sub={t('statistiques.kpi_chronic_sub', { threshold: attendance.chronic_threshold })} icon={Users} tone="text-violet-600" />
                                 </div>
                                 <div className="grid lg:grid-cols-2 gap-5">
-                                    <Card title="Présences par période" icon={<UserCheck className="w-4 h-4" />}>
+                                    <Card title={t('statistiques.card_by_period')} icon={<UserCheck className="w-4 h-4" />}>
                                         <ResponsiveContainer width="100%" height={260}>
                                             <BarChart data={attendance.by_period}>
                                                 <XAxis dataKey="name" tick={{ fontSize: 11, fill: theme.tick }} axisLine={false} tickLine={false} />
                                                 <YAxis tick={{ fontSize: 11, fill: theme.tick }} axisLine={false} tickLine={false} width={30} allowDecimals={false} />
                                                 <RTooltip />
-                                                <Bar dataKey="present" name="Présents" stackId="a" fill={GREEN} />
-                                                <Bar dataKey="absent" name="Absents" stackId="a" fill="#ef4444" />
-                                                <Bar dataKey="late" name="Retards" stackId="a" fill={ORANGE} radius={[4, 4, 0, 0]} />
+                                                <Bar dataKey="present" name={t('statistiques.series_present')} stackId="a" fill={GREEN} />
+                                                <Bar dataKey="absent" name={t('statistiques.series_absent')} stackId="a" fill="#ef4444" />
+                                                <Bar dataKey="late" name={t('statistiques.series_late')} stackId="a" fill={ORANGE} radius={[4, 4, 0, 0]} />
                                             </BarChart>
                                         </ResponsiveContainer>
                                     </Card>
-                                    <Card title="Taux d'absence par classe" icon={<BarChart3 className="w-4 h-4" />}>
+                                    <Card title={t('statistiques.card_absence_by_class')} icon={<BarChart3 className="w-4 h-4" />}>
                                         {attendance.by_class.length === 0 ? <p className="text-sm text-gray-400 text-center py-8">—</p> : (
                                             <div className="space-y-2.5">
                                                 {attendance.by_class.slice(0, 8).map((c) => (
@@ -695,7 +700,7 @@ export default function StatisticsIndex({ filters, academicYears, classes, enrol
                     <div className="space-y-6">
                         {trends.series.length < 2 ? (
                             <div className="rounded-lg bg-blue-50 dark:bg-blue-900/20 text-blue-700 dark:text-blue-300 text-sm px-4 py-3">
-                                Les tendances se précisent avec au moins deux années académiques renseignées.
+                                {t('statistiques.need_two_years')}
                             </div>
                         ) : (
                             <div className="grid grid-cols-2 lg:grid-cols-4 gap-4">
@@ -728,7 +733,7 @@ export default function StatisticsIndex({ filters, academicYears, classes, enrol
                         )}
 
                         <div className="grid lg:grid-cols-2 gap-5">
-                            <Card title="Évolution de l'effectif" icon={<Users className="w-4 h-4" />}>
+                            <Card title={t('statistiques.card_effectif_evol')} icon={<Users className="w-4 h-4" />}>
                                 <ResponsiveContainer width="100%" height={260}>
                                     <AreaChart data={trends.series} margin={{ top: 8, right: 12, left: 0, bottom: 0 }}>
                                         <defs>
@@ -741,11 +746,11 @@ export default function StatisticsIndex({ filters, academicYears, classes, enrol
                                         <XAxis dataKey="year" tick={{ fontSize: 11, fill: theme.tick }} axisLine={false} tickLine={false} />
                                         <YAxis tick={{ fontSize: 11, fill: theme.tick }} axisLine={false} tickLine={false} width={36} allowDecimals={false} />
                                         <RTooltip contentStyle={theme.tooltip.contentStyle} itemStyle={theme.tooltip.itemStyle} />
-                                        <Area type="monotone" dataKey="effectif" name="Effectif" stroke={BLUE} strokeWidth={2.5} fill="url(#effGrad)" dot={{ r: 3, fill: BLUE }} />
+                                        <Area type="monotone" dataKey="effectif" name={t('statistiques.series_effectif')} stroke={BLUE} strokeWidth={2.5} fill="url(#effGrad)" dot={{ r: 3, fill: BLUE }} />
                                     </AreaChart>
                                 </ResponsiveContainer>
                             </Card>
-                            <Card title="Performance (%)" icon={<TrendingUp className="w-4 h-4" />}>
+                            <Card title={t('statistiques.card_performance')} icon={<TrendingUp className="w-4 h-4" />}>
                                 <ResponsiveContainer width="100%" height={260}>
                                     <LineChart data={trends.series} margin={{ top: 8, right: 12, left: 0, bottom: 0 }}>
                                         <CartesianGrid strokeDasharray="3 3" stroke={theme.grid} vertical={false} />
@@ -753,14 +758,14 @@ export default function StatisticsIndex({ filters, academicYears, classes, enrol
                                         <YAxis tick={{ fontSize: 11, fill: theme.tick }} axisLine={false} tickLine={false} width={36} domain={[0, 100]} />
                                         <RTooltip contentStyle={theme.tooltip.contentStyle} itemStyle={theme.tooltip.itemStyle} formatter={(v) => `${v}%`} />
                                         <Legend wrapperStyle={{ fontSize: 11 }} />
-                                        <Line type="monotone" dataKey="reussite" name="Réussite" stroke={GREEN} strokeWidth={2.5} dot={{ r: 3, fill: GREEN }} />
-                                        <Line type="monotone" dataKey="recouvrement" name="Recouvrement" stroke={BLUE} strokeWidth={2.5} dot={{ r: 3, fill: BLUE }} />
+                                        <Line type="monotone" dataKey="reussite" name={t('statistiques.series_reussite')} stroke={GREEN} strokeWidth={2.5} dot={{ r: 3, fill: GREEN }} />
+                                        <Line type="monotone" dataKey="recouvrement" name={t('statistiques.series_recouvrement')} stroke={BLUE} strokeWidth={2.5} dot={{ r: 3, fill: BLUE }} />
                                     </LineChart>
                                 </ResponsiveContainer>
                             </Card>
                         </div>
 
-                        <Card title="Déperdition scolaire (%)" icon={<TrendingUp className="w-4 h-4" />}>
+                        <Card title={t('statistiques.card_deperdition')} icon={<TrendingUp className="w-4 h-4" />}>
                             <ResponsiveContainer width="100%" height={240}>
                                 <LineChart data={trendSeries} margin={{ top: 8, right: 12, left: 0, bottom: 0 }}>
                                     <CartesianGrid strokeDasharray="3 3" stroke={theme.grid} vertical={false} />
@@ -768,25 +773,25 @@ export default function StatisticsIndex({ filters, academicYears, classes, enrol
                                     <YAxis tick={{ fontSize: 11, fill: theme.tick }} axisLine={false} tickLine={false} width={36} />
                                     <RTooltip contentStyle={theme.tooltip.contentStyle} itemStyle={theme.tooltip.itemStyle} formatter={(v) => `${v}%`} />
                                     <Legend wrapperStyle={{ fontSize: 11 }} />
-                                    <Line type="monotone" dataKey="redoublement" name="Redoublement" stroke={ORANGE} strokeWidth={2.5} dot={{ r: 3, fill: ORANGE }} connectNulls={false} />
-                                    <Line type="monotone" dataKey="abandon" name="Abandon" stroke={VIOLET} strokeWidth={2.5} dot={{ r: 3, fill: VIOLET }} connectNulls={false} />
+                                    <Line type="monotone" dataKey="redoublement" name={t('statistiques.series_redoublement')} stroke={ORANGE} strokeWidth={2.5} dot={{ r: 3, fill: ORANGE }} connectNulls={false} />
+                                    <Line type="monotone" dataKey="abandon" name={t('statistiques.series_abandon')} stroke={VIOLET} strokeWidth={2.5} dot={{ r: 3, fill: VIOLET }} connectNulls={false} />
                                 </LineChart>
                             </ResponsiveContainer>
-                            <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 mt-2">L&apos;année en cours n&apos;est pas tracée : les décisions de fin d&apos;année (redoublement, abandon) ne sont pas encore arrêtées.</p>
+                            <p className="text-xs text-gray-400 mt-2">{t('statistiques.deperdition_hint')}</p>
                         </Card>
 
-                        <Card title="Tableau comparatif" icon={<BarChart3 className="w-4 h-4" />}>
+                        <Card title={t('statistiques.card_comparison')} icon={<BarChart3 className="w-4 h-4" />}>
                             <div className="overflow-x-auto">
                                 <table className="w-full text-sm">
                                     <thead><tr className="text-left text-xs text-gray-500 uppercase border-b border-gray-100 dark:border-gray-700">
-                                        <th className="py-2">Année</th><th className="py-2 text-right">Effectif</th><th className="py-2 text-right">% filles</th>
-                                        <th className="py-2 text-right">Redoubl.</th><th className="py-2 text-right">Abandon</th><th className="py-2 text-right">Recouvr.</th>
-                                        <th className="py-2 text-right">Réussite</th><th className="py-2 text-right">Admission</th></tr></thead>
+                                        <th className="py-2">{t('statistiques.th_year')}</th><th className="py-2 text-right">{t('statistiques.th_effectif')}</th><th className="py-2 text-right">{t('statistiques.th_girls_pct')}</th>
+                                        <th className="py-2 text-right">{t('statistiques.th_redoubl')}</th><th className="py-2 text-right">{t('statistiques.th_abandon')}</th><th className="py-2 text-right">{t('statistiques.th_recouvr')}</th>
+                                        <th className="py-2 text-right">{t('statistiques.th_reussite')}</th><th className="py-2 text-right">{t('statistiques.th_admission')}</th></tr></thead>
                                     <tbody>{trendSeries.map((r) => {
                                         const pct = (v: number | string | null) => (v == null ? '—' : `${v}%`);
                                         return (
                                             <tr key={String(r.year)} className="border-b border-gray-50 dark:border-gray-700/50">
-                                                <td className="py-2 font-medium">{r.year}{r.year === activeYearLabel && <span className="ml-2 text-xs text-blue-500">en cours</span>}</td>
+                                                <td className="py-2 font-medium">{r.year}{r.year === activeYearLabel && <span className="ml-2 text-xs text-blue-500">{t('statistiques.in_progress')}</span>}</td>
                                                 <td className="py-2 text-right">{r.effectif}</td><td className="py-2 text-right">{r.part_filles}%</td>
                                                 <td className="py-2 text-right">{pct(r.redoublement)}</td><td className="py-2 text-right">{pct(r.abandon)}</td><td className="py-2 text-right">{pct(r.recouvrement)}</td>
                                                 <td className="py-2 text-right">{pct(r.reussite)}</td><td className="py-2 text-right">{pct(r.admission)}</td>
@@ -805,22 +810,22 @@ export default function StatisticsIndex({ filters, academicYears, classes, enrol
                         {geography.by_region.length === 0 ? (
                             <>
                                 <div className="rounded-lg bg-blue-50 dark:bg-blue-900/20 text-blue-700 dark:text-blue-300 text-sm px-4 py-3">
-                                    Origine renseignée pour <strong>{geography.coverage}%</strong> des élèves ({geography.localized} / {geography.total}). Complétez la région/préfecture sur la fiche élève pour affiner.
+                                    {t('statistiques.coverage_note_1')} <strong>{geography.coverage}%</strong> {t('statistiques.coverage_note_2')} ({geography.localized} / {geography.total}). {t('statistiques.coverage_note_3')}
                                 </div>
                                 <div className="rounded-xl border border-gray-100 dark:border-gray-700 bg-white dark:bg-card p-12 text-center text-gray-400">
-                                    Aucune origine géographique renseignée.
+                                    {t('statistiques.no_geo')}
                                 </div>
                             </>
                         ) : (
                             <>
                                 <div className="grid grid-cols-2 lg:grid-cols-4 gap-4">
-                                    <Kpi label="Couverture" value={`${geography.coverage}%`} sub={`${geography.localized} / ${geography.total} élèves`} icon={MapPin} tone="text-blue-600" />
-                                    <Kpi label="Grand Lomé" value={`${grandLomeShare}%`} sub="Golfe + Agoè-Nyivé" icon={Users} tone="text-violet-600" />
-                                    <Kpi label="Régions" value={geography.by_region.length} sub="représentées" icon={Layers} tone="text-emerald-600" />
-                                    <Kpi label="Préfectures" value={geography.by_prefecture.length} sub="d'origine" icon={UserCheck} tone="text-orange-600" />
+                                    <Kpi label={t('statistiques.kpi_coverage')} value={`${geography.coverage}%`} sub={t('statistiques.kpi_coverage_sub', { localized: geography.localized, total: geography.total })} icon={MapPin} tone="text-blue-600" />
+                                    <Kpi label={t('statistiques.kpi_grand_lome')} value={`${grandLomeShare}%`} sub={t('statistiques.kpi_grand_lome_sub')} icon={Users} tone="text-violet-600" />
+                                    <Kpi label={t('statistiques.kpi_regions')} value={geography.by_region.length} sub={t('statistiques.kpi_regions_sub')} icon={Layers} tone="text-emerald-600" />
+                                    <Kpi label={t('statistiques.kpi_prefectures')} value={geography.by_prefecture.length} sub={t('statistiques.kpi_prefectures_sub')} icon={UserCheck} tone="text-orange-600" />
                                 </div>
 
-                                <Card title="Origine des élèves — régions et préfectures" icon={<MapPin className="w-4 h-4" />}>
+                                <Card title={t('statistiques.card_origin')} icon={<MapPin className="w-4 h-4" />}>
                                     {/* Hiérarchie région → préfecture : l'aire porte la magnitude, une teinte
                                         par région porte l'identité (déclinée en nuances selon l'effectif), et la
                                         position + la légende + les libellés sécurisent la lecture. */}
@@ -833,7 +838,7 @@ export default function StatisticsIndex({ filters, academicYears, classes, enrol
                                             isAnimationActive={false}
                                             content={<TreemapNode surface={theme.surface} regionColor={regionColor} prefColor={prefColor} />}
                                         >
-                                            <RTooltip contentStyle={theme.tooltip.contentStyle} itemStyle={theme.tooltip.itemStyle} formatter={(v) => [`${v} élèves`, 'Effectif']} />
+                                            <RTooltip contentStyle={theme.tooltip.contentStyle} itemStyle={theme.tooltip.itemStyle} formatter={(v) => [t('statistiques.students_tooltip', { value: String(v) }), t('statistiques.headcount_label')]} />
                                         </Treemap>
                                     </ResponsiveContainer>
                                     <div className="flex flex-wrap items-center gap-x-4 gap-y-1 mt-3 text-xs text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">
@@ -843,17 +848,17 @@ export default function StatisticsIndex({ filters, academicYears, classes, enrol
                                                 {r.name}
                                             </span>
                                         ))}
-                                        <span className="text-gray-400">· nuance = effectif de la préfecture</span>
+                                        <span className="text-gray-400">{t('statistiques.shade_note')}</span>
                                     </div>
                                 </Card>
 
-                                <Card title="Effectif par région" icon={<BarChart3 className="w-4 h-4" />}>
+                                <Card title={t('statistiques.card_by_region')} icon={<BarChart3 className="w-4 h-4" />}>
                                     <ResponsiveContainer width="100%" height={220}>
                                         <BarChart layout="vertical" data={geography.by_region} margin={{ top: 4, right: 24, left: 8, bottom: 4 }}>
                                             <CartesianGrid strokeDasharray="3 3" stroke={theme.grid} horizontal={false} />
                                             <XAxis type="number" tick={{ fontSize: 11, fill: theme.tick }} axisLine={false} tickLine={false} allowDecimals={false} />
                                             <YAxis type="category" dataKey="name" width={104} tick={{ fontSize: 12, fill: theme.axis }} axisLine={false} tickLine={false} />
-                                            <RTooltip contentStyle={theme.tooltip.contentStyle} itemStyle={theme.tooltip.itemStyle} formatter={(v) => [`${v} élèves`, 'Effectif']} />
+                                            <RTooltip contentStyle={theme.tooltip.contentStyle} itemStyle={theme.tooltip.itemStyle} formatter={(v) => [t('statistiques.students_tooltip', { value: String(v) }), t('statistiques.headcount_label')]} />
                                             <Bar dataKey="total" radius={[0, 4, 4, 0]} maxBarSize={26}>
                                                 {geography.by_region.map((r) => <Cell key={r.name} fill={regionColor[r.name] ?? BLUE} />)}
                                                 <LabelList dataKey="total" position="right" style={{ fontSize: 11, fill: theme.tick }} />
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/auth/confirm-password.tsx b/resources/js/pages/auth/confirm-password.tsx
index dd3daa34..3aa261bd 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/auth/confirm-password.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/auth/confirm-password.tsx
@@ -4,27 +4,29 @@ import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { Label } from '@/components/ui/label';
 import { Spinner } from '@/components/ui/spinner';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AuthLayout from '@/layouts/auth-layout';
 import { store } from '@/routes/password/confirm';
 
 export default function ConfirmPassword() {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     return (
         <AuthLayout
-            title="Confirm your password"
-            description="This is a secure area of the application. Please confirm your password before continuing."
+            title={t('auth.confirm_password.title')}
+            description={t('auth.confirm_password.description')}
         >
-            <Head title="Confirm password" />
+            <Head title={t('auth.confirm_password.head')} />
 
             <Form {...store.form()} resetOnSuccess={['password']}>
                 {({ processing, errors }) => (
                     <div className="space-y-6">
                         <div className="grid gap-2">
-                            <Label htmlFor="password">Password</Label>
+                            <Label htmlFor="password">{t('auth.confirm_password.password')}</Label>
                             <Input
                                 id="password"
                                 type="password"
                                 name="password"
-                                placeholder="Password"
+                                placeholder={t('auth.confirm_password.password_placeholder')}
                                 autoComplete="current-password"
                                 autoFocus
                             />
@@ -39,7 +41,7 @@ export default function ConfirmPassword() {
                                 data-test="confirm-password-button"
                             >
                                 {processing && <Spinner />}
-                                Confirm password
+                                {t('auth.confirm_password.submit')}
                             </Button>
                         </div>
                     </div>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/auth/forgot-password.tsx b/resources/js/pages/auth/forgot-password.tsx
index e3803c40..6c7f304b 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/auth/forgot-password.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/auth/forgot-password.tsx
@@ -6,17 +6,19 @@ import TextLink from '@/components/text-link';
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { Label } from '@/components/ui/label';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AuthLayout from '@/layouts/auth-layout';
 import { login } from '@/routes';
 import { email } from '@/routes/password';
 
 export default function ForgotPassword({ status }: { status?: string }) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     return (
         <AuthLayout
-            title="Forgot password"
-            description="Enter your email to receive a password reset link"
+            title={t('auth.forgot_password.title')}
+            description={t('auth.forgot_password.description')}
         >
-            <Head title="Forgot password" />
+            <Head title={t('auth.forgot_password.title')} />
 
             {status && (
                 <div className="mb-4 text-center text-sm font-medium text-green-600">
@@ -29,14 +31,14 @@ export default function ForgotPassword({ status }: { status?: string }) {
                     {({ processing, errors }) => (
                         <>
                             <div className="grid gap-2">
-                                <Label htmlFor="email">Email address</Label>
+                                <Label htmlFor="email">{t('auth.forgot_password.email')}</Label>
                                 <Input
                                     id="email"
                                     type="email"
                                     name="email"
                                     autoComplete="off"
                                     autoFocus
-                                    placeholder="email@example.com"
+                                    placeholder={t('auth.forgot_password.email_placeholder')}
                                 />
 
                                 <InputError message={errors.email} />
@@ -51,7 +53,7 @@ export default function ForgotPassword({ status }: { status?: string }) {
                                     {processing && (
                                         <LoaderCircle className="h-4 w-4 animate-spin" />
                                     )}
-                                    Email password reset link
+                                    {t('auth.forgot_password.submit')}
                                 </Button>
                             </div>
                         </>
@@ -59,8 +61,8 @@ export default function ForgotPassword({ status }: { status?: string }) {
                 </Form>
 
                 <div className="space-x-1 text-center text-sm text-muted-foreground">
-                    <span>Or, return to</span>
-                    <TextLink href={login()}>log in</TextLink>
+                    <span>{t('auth.forgot_password.return_prefix')}</span>
+                    <TextLink href={login()}>{t('auth.forgot_password.login_link')}</TextLink>
                 </div>
             </div>
         </AuthLayout>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/auth/login.tsx b/resources/js/pages/auth/login.tsx
index ee194c3f..e79b522a 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/auth/login.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/auth/login.tsx
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import { Checkbox } from '@/components/ui/checkbox';
 import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { Label } from '@/components/ui/label';
 import { Spinner } from '@/components/ui/spinner';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AuthLayout from '@/layouts/auth-layout';
 import { store } from '@/routes/login';
 import { request } from '@/routes/password';
@@ -22,12 +23,13 @@ export default function Login({
     canResetPassword,
 }: Readonly<Props>) {
     const [showPassword, setShowPassword] = useState(false);
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     return (
         <AuthLayout
-            title="Connexion"
-            description="Entrez vos identifiants pour accéder à votre compte"
+            title={t('auth.login.title')}
+            description={t('auth.login.description')}
         >
-            <Head title="Connexion" />
+            <Head title={t('auth.login.title')} />
 
             <Form
                 {...store.form()}
@@ -37,7 +39,7 @@ export default function Login({
                 {({ processing, errors }) => (
                     <div className="grid gap-6">
                             <div className="grid gap-2">
-                                <Label htmlFor="email">Adresse email</Label>
+                                <Label htmlFor="email">{t('auth.login.email')}</Label>
                                 <Input
                                     id="email"
                                     type="email"
@@ -45,20 +47,20 @@ export default function Login({
                                     required
                                     autoFocus
                                     autoComplete="email"
-                                    placeholder="vous@example.com"
+                                    placeholder={t('auth.login.email_placeholder')}
                                 />
                                 <InputError message={errors.email} />
                             </div>
 
                             <div className="grid gap-2">
                                 <div className="flex items-center">
-                                    <Label htmlFor="password">Mot de passe</Label>
+                                    <Label htmlFor="password">{t('auth.login.password')}</Label>
                                     {canResetPassword && (
                                         <TextLink
                                             href={request()}
                                             className="ml-auto text-sm"
                                         >
-                                            Mot de passe oublié ?
+                                            {t('auth.login.forgot')}
                                         </TextLink>
                                     )}
                                 </div>
@@ -69,7 +71,7 @@ export default function Login({
                                         name="password"
                                         required
                                         autoComplete="current-password"
-                                        placeholder="Mot de passe"
+                                        placeholder={t('auth.login.password_placeholder')}
                                         className="pr-10"
                                     />
                                     <button
@@ -92,7 +94,7 @@ export default function Login({
                                     id="remember"
                                     name="remember"
                                 />
-                                <Label htmlFor="remember">Se souvenir de moi</Label>
+                                <Label htmlFor="remember">{t('auth.login.remember')}</Label>
                             </div>
 
                             <Button
@@ -102,7 +104,7 @@ export default function Login({
                                 data-test="login-button"
                             >
                                 {processing && <Spinner />}
-                                Se connecter
+                                {t('auth.login.submit')}
                             </Button>
                     </div>
                 )}
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/auth/reset-password.tsx b/resources/js/pages/auth/reset-password.tsx
index 4a58a4fa..f071ec8c 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/auth/reset-password.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/auth/reset-password.tsx
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { Label } from '@/components/ui/label';
 import { Spinner } from '@/components/ui/spinner';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AuthLayout from '@/layouts/auth-layout';
 import { update } from '@/routes/password';
 
@@ -15,14 +16,15 @@ type Props = {
 };
 
 export default function ResetPassword({ token, email }: Props) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const [password, setPassword] = useState('');
 
     return (
         <AuthLayout
-            title="Reset password"
-            description="Please enter your new password below"
+            title={t('auth.reset_password.title')}
+            description={t('auth.reset_password.description')}
         >
-            <Head title="Reset password" />
+            <Head title={t('auth.reset_password.head')} />
 
             <Form
                 {...update.form()}
@@ -32,7 +34,7 @@ export default function ResetPassword({ token, email }: Props) {
                 {({ processing, errors }) => (
                     <div className="grid gap-6">
                         <div className="grid gap-2">
-                            <Label htmlFor="email">Email</Label>
+                            <Label htmlFor="email">{t('auth.reset_password.email')}</Label>
                             <Input
                                 id="email"
                                 type="email"
@@ -49,7 +51,7 @@ export default function ResetPassword({ token, email }: Props) {
                         </div>
 
                         <div className="grid gap-2">
-                            <Label htmlFor="password">Password</Label>
+                            <Label htmlFor="password">{t('auth.reset_password.password')}</Label>
                             <Input
                                 id="password"
                                 type="password"
@@ -57,7 +59,7 @@ export default function ResetPassword({ token, email }: Props) {
                                 autoComplete="new-password"
                                 className="mt-1 block w-full"
                                 autoFocus
-                                placeholder="Password"
+                                placeholder={t('auth.reset_password.password_placeholder')}
                                 onChange={(e) => setPassword(e.target.value)}
                             />
                             <InputError message={errors.password} />
@@ -66,7 +68,7 @@ export default function ResetPassword({ token, email }: Props) {
 
                         <div className="grid gap-2">
                             <Label htmlFor="password_confirmation">
-                                Confirm password
+                                {t('auth.reset_password.confirm')}
                             </Label>
                             <Input
                                 id="password_confirmation"
@@ -74,7 +76,7 @@ export default function ResetPassword({ token, email }: Props) {
                                 name="password_confirmation"
                                 autoComplete="new-password"
                                 className="mt-1 block w-full"
-                                placeholder="Confirm password"
+                                placeholder={t('auth.reset_password.confirm_placeholder')}
                             />
                             <InputError
                                 message={errors.password_confirmation}
@@ -89,7 +91,7 @@ export default function ResetPassword({ token, email }: Props) {
                             data-test="reset-password-button"
                         >
                             {processing && <Spinner />}
-                            Reset password
+                            {t('auth.reset_password.submit')}
                         </Button>
                     </div>
                 )}
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/auth/two-factor-challenge.tsx b/resources/js/pages/auth/two-factor-challenge.tsx
index 011d0c74..9c99de76 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/auth/two-factor-challenge.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/auth/two-factor-challenge.tsx
@@ -10,10 +10,12 @@ import {
     InputOTPSlot,
 } from '@/components/ui/input-otp';
 import { OTP_MAX_LENGTH } from '@/hooks/use-two-factor-auth';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AuthLayout from '@/layouts/auth-layout';
 import { store } from '@/routes/two-factor/login';
 
 export default function TwoFactorChallenge() {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const [showRecoveryInput, setShowRecoveryInput] = useState<boolean>(false);
     const [code, setCode] = useState<string>('');
 
@@ -24,20 +26,18 @@ export default function TwoFactorChallenge() {
     }>(() => {
         if (showRecoveryInput) {
             return {
-                title: 'Recovery Code',
-                description:
-                    'Please confirm access to your account by entering one of your emergency recovery codes.',
-                toggleText: 'login using an authentication code',
+                title: t('auth.two_factor.recovery_title'),
+                description: t('auth.two_factor.recovery_description'),
+                toggleText: t('auth.two_factor.recovery_toggle'),
             };
         }
 
         return {
-            title: 'Authentication Code',
-            description:
-                'Enter the authentication code provided by your authenticator application.',
-            toggleText: 'login using a recovery code',
+            title: t('auth.two_factor.auth_title'),
+            description: t('auth.two_factor.auth_description'),
+            toggleText: t('auth.two_factor.auth_toggle'),
         };
-    }, [showRecoveryInput]);
+    }, [showRecoveryInput, t]);
 
     const toggleRecoveryMode = (clearErrors: () => void): void => {
         setShowRecoveryInput(!showRecoveryInput);
@@ -50,7 +50,7 @@ export default function TwoFactorChallenge() {
             title={authConfigContent.title}
             description={authConfigContent.description}
         >
-            <Head title="Two-Factor Authentication" />
+            <Head title={t('auth.two_factor.head')} />
 
             <div className="space-y-6">
                 <Form
@@ -66,7 +66,7 @@ export default function TwoFactorChallenge() {
                                     <Input
                                         name="recovery_code"
                                         type="text"
-                                        placeholder="Enter recovery code"
+                                        placeholder={t('auth.two_factor.recovery_placeholder')}
                                         autoFocus={showRecoveryInput}
                                         required
                                     />
@@ -107,11 +107,11 @@ export default function TwoFactorChallenge() {
                                 className="w-full"
                                 disabled={processing}
                             >
-                                Continue
+                                {t('auth.two_factor.continue')}
                             </Button>
 
                             <div className="text-center text-sm text-muted-foreground">
-                                <span>or you can </span>
+                                <span>{t('auth.two_factor.or_you_can')} </span>
                                 <button
                                     type="button"
                                     className="cursor-pointer text-foreground underline decoration-neutral-300 underline-offset-4 transition-colors duration-300 ease-out hover:decoration-current! dark:decoration-neutral-500"
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/auth/verify-email.tsx b/resources/js/pages/auth/verify-email.tsx
index 6117a1e8..163eabed 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/auth/verify-email.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/auth/verify-email.tsx
@@ -3,22 +3,23 @@ import { Form, Head } from '@inertiajs/react';
 import TextLink from '@/components/text-link';
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { Spinner } from '@/components/ui/spinner';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AuthLayout from '@/layouts/auth-layout';
 import { logout } from '@/routes';
 import { send } from '@/routes/verification';
 
 export default function VerifyEmail({ status }: { status?: string }) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     return (
         <AuthLayout
-            title="Verify email"
-            description="Please verify your email address by clicking on the link we just emailed to you."
+            title={t('auth.verify_email.title')}
+            description={t('auth.verify_email.description')}
         >
-            <Head title="Email verification" />
+            <Head title={t('auth.verify_email.head')} />
 
             {status === 'verification-link-sent' && (
                 <div className="mb-4 text-center text-sm font-medium text-green-600">
-                    A new verification link has been sent to the email address
-                    you provided during registration.
+                    {t('auth.verify_email.link_sent')}
                 </div>
             )}
 
@@ -27,14 +28,14 @@ export default function VerifyEmail({ status }: { status?: string }) {
                     <>
                         <Button disabled={processing} variant="secondary">
                             {processing && <Spinner />}
-                            Resend verification email
+                            {t('auth.verify_email.resend')}
                         </Button>
 
                         <TextLink
                             href={logout()}
                             className="mx-auto block text-sm"
                         >
-                            Log out
+                            {t('auth.verify_email.logout')}
                         </TextLink>
                     </>
                 )}
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/dashboard.tsx b/resources/js/pages/dashboard.tsx
index 0cc64ffa..e1068ef5 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/dashboard.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/dashboard.tsx
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import {
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { Select, SelectContent, SelectItem, SelectTrigger, SelectValue } from '@/components/ui/select';
 import { useMoney } from '@/helpers/money';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 import { useChartTheme } from '@/lib/chart-theme';
@@ -161,38 +162,9 @@ interface DashboardProps {
 /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
 
 
-const PAYMENT_METHOD_LABELS: Record<string, string> = {
-    CASH: 'Espèces',
-    MOBILE_MONEY: 'Mobile Money',
-    BANK_TRANSFER: 'Virement bancaire',
-    CHEQUE: 'Chèque',
-    AUTRE: 'Autre',
-};
-
 const pct = (paid: number, total: number) =>
     total > 0 ? Math.min(100, Math.round((paid / total) * 100)) : 0;
 
-const methodLabel: Record<string, string> = {
-    CASH:          'Espèces',
-    MOBILE_MONEY:  'Mobile Money',
-    BANK_TRANSFER: 'Virement',
-    CHEQUE:        'Chèque',
-};
-
-const cashTypeLabel: Record<string, string> = {
-    CASH:         'Espèces',
-    MOBILE_MONEY: 'Mobile Money',
-    BANK:         'Banque',
-};
-
-const statusLabel: Record<string, { label: string; cls: string }> = {
-    ISSUED:         { label: 'Non payé',  cls: 'bg-red-100 text-red-700'    },
-    PARTIALLY_PAID: { label: 'Partiel',   cls: 'bg-orange-100 text-orange-700' },
-    PAID:           { label: 'Soldé',     cls: 'bg-green-100 text-green-700' },
-    ACTIVE:         { label: 'Actif',     cls: 'bg-green-100 text-green-700' },
-    PENDING:        { label: 'En attente',cls: 'bg-gray-100 text-gray-600'   },
-};
-
 /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
 /* Micro-composants                                                    */
 /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
@@ -271,11 +243,38 @@ function SectionCard({ title, icon, count, children, action }: {
 /* Composant principal                                                 */
 /* ------------------------------------------------------------------ */
 
-const breadcrumbs: BreadcrumbItem[] = [{ title: 'Tableau de bord', href: '/dashboard' }];
-
 export default function Dashboard({ activeYear, selectedYearId, selectedYear, academicYears, userRole, financial, enrollments, teaching, academic, bulletins }: Readonly<DashboardProps>) {
     const theme = useChartTheme();
     const fmt = useMoney();
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
+
+    const breadcrumbs: BreadcrumbItem[] = [{ title: t('dashboard.title'), href: '/dashboard' }];
+
+    const PAYMENT_METHOD_LABELS: Record<string, string> = {
+        CASH: t('dashboard.method.cash'),
+        MOBILE_MONEY: t('dashboard.method.mobile_money'),
+        BANK_TRANSFER: t('dashboard.method.bank_transfer'),
+        CHEQUE: t('dashboard.method.cheque'),
+        AUTRE: t('dashboard.method.other'),
+    };
+    const methodLabel: Record<string, string> = {
+        CASH: t('dashboard.method.cash'),
+        MOBILE_MONEY: t('dashboard.method.mobile_money'),
+        BANK_TRANSFER: t('dashboard.method.bank_transfer_short'),
+        CHEQUE: t('dashboard.method.cheque'),
+    };
+    const cashTypeLabel: Record<string, string> = {
+        CASH: t('dashboard.method.cash'),
+        MOBILE_MONEY: t('dashboard.method.mobile_money'),
+        BANK: t('dashboard.method.bank'),
+    };
+    const statusLabel: Record<string, { label: string; cls: string }> = {
+        ISSUED: { label: t('dashboard.status.issued'), cls: 'bg-red-100 text-red-700' },
+        PARTIALLY_PAID: { label: t('dashboard.status.partially_paid'), cls: 'bg-orange-100 text-orange-700' },
+        PAID: { label: t('dashboard.status.paid'), cls: 'bg-green-100 text-green-700' },
+        ACTIVE: { label: t('dashboard.status.active'), cls: 'bg-green-100 text-green-700' },
+        PENDING: { label: t('dashboard.status.pending'), cls: 'bg-gray-100 text-gray-600' },
+    };
 
     const changeYear = (id: string) => {
         router.get(route('dashboard'), { academic_year_id: id }, { preserveScroll: true, preserveState: false });
@@ -285,9 +284,9 @@ export default function Dashboard({ activeYear, selectedYearId, selectedYear, ac
     const collectedPct = pct(Number(stats?.total_paid ?? 0), Number(stats?.total_amount ?? 0));
 
     const invoiceStatusData = stats ? [
-        { name: 'Soldé',    value: Number(stats.paid_count ?? 0),    color: theme.status.good },
-        { name: 'Partiel',  value: Number(stats.partial_count ?? 0), color: theme.status.warning },
-        { name: 'Non payé', value: Number(stats.issued_count ?? 0),  color: theme.status.critical },
+        { name: t('dashboard.status.paid'),            value: Number(stats.paid_count ?? 0),    color: theme.status.good },
+        { name: t('dashboard.status.partially_paid'),  value: Number(stats.partial_count ?? 0), color: theme.status.warning },
+        { name: t('dashboard.status.issued'),          value: Number(stats.issued_count ?? 0),  color: theme.status.critical },
     ].filter(d => d.value > 0) : [];
 
     const isFinancial  = !!financial;
@@ -295,7 +294,7 @@ export default function Dashboard({ activeYear, selectedYearId, selectedYear, ac
     const isTeacher    = !!teaching;
     const isAcademic   = !!academic;
     const isBulletins  = !!bulletins;
-    const reasonLabel: Record<string, string> = { medical: 'Médical', familial: 'Familial', autre: 'Autre' };
+    const reasonLabel: Record<string, string> = { medical: t('dashboard.reason.medical'), familial: t('dashboard.reason.familial'), autre: t('dashboard.reason.autre') };
 
     // Taux de présence du jour (présents / pointés), calculé depuis les compteurs existants.
     const pointedToday = academic ? academic.present_today + academic.absent_today : 0;
@@ -307,16 +306,16 @@ export default function Dashboard({ activeYear, selectedYearId, selectedYear, ac
 
     return (
         <AppLayout breadcrumbs={breadcrumbs}>
-            <Head title="Tableau de bord" />
+            <Head title={t('dashboard.title')} />
 
             <div className="space-y-6 p-1">
 
                 {/* ── En-tête ──────────────────────────────────────────── */}
                 <div className="flex items-start justify-between gap-4 flex-wrap">
                     <div>
-                        <h1 className="text-2xl font-bold text-gray-900 dark:text-white flex items-center gap-3"><LayoutGrid className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />Tableau de bord</h1>
+                        <h1 className="text-2xl font-bold text-gray-900 dark:text-white flex items-center gap-3"><LayoutGrid className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />{t('dashboard.title')}</h1>
                         <p className="text-sm text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 mt-0.5">
-                            {selectedYear ? `Année scolaire ${selectedYear.year}` : 'Aucune année active'}
+                            {selectedYear ? t('dashboard.header.school_year', { year: selectedYear.year }) : t('dashboard.header.no_active_year')}
                             {userRole && ` · ${userRole}`}
                         </p>
                     </div>
@@ -324,12 +323,12 @@ export default function Dashboard({ activeYear, selectedYearId, selectedYear, ac
                         <CalendarDays className="w-4 h-4 text-gray-400" />
                         <Select value={selectedYearId ?? ''} onValueChange={changeYear}>
                             <SelectTrigger className="w-44 bg-white dark:bg-card">
-                                <SelectValue placeholder="Année académique" />
+                                <SelectValue placeholder={t('dashboard.header.academic_year')} />
                             </SelectTrigger>
                             <SelectContent>
                                 {academicYears.map(y => (
                                     <SelectItem key={y.id} value={y.id}>
-                                        {y.year}{y.active ? ' · active' : ''}
+                                        {y.year}{y.active ? ` · ${t('dashboard.header.active_suffix')}` : ''}
                                     </SelectItem>
                                 ))}
                             </SelectContent>
@@ -343,15 +342,15 @@ export default function Dashboard({ activeYear, selectedYearId, selectedYear, ac
                         <AlertTriangle className="w-5 h-5 text-red-600 dark:text-red-400 shrink-0" />
                         <div className="flex-1">
                             <p className="text-sm font-semibold text-red-700 dark:text-red-400">
-                                {financial.studentsNoPay.length} élève{financial.studentsNoPay.length > 1 ? 's' : ''} n'ont effectué aucun paiement
+                                {t('dashboard.alert.no_payment', { count: financial.studentsNoPay.length })}
                             </p>
                             <p className="text-xs text-red-500 mt-0.5">
-                                Ces élèves sont à risque d'exclusion faute de paiement.
+                                {t('dashboard.alert.no_payment_hint')}
                             </p>
                         </div>
                         <Button size="sm" variant="outline" className="border-red-300 text-red-700 hover:bg-red-100 text-xs gap-1 shrink-0"
                             onClick={() => router.get(route('accounting.index'))}>
-                            Voir <ArrowRight className="w-3 h-3" />
+                            {t('common.actions.view')} <ArrowRight className="w-3 h-3" />
                         </Button>
                     </div>
                 )}
@@ -361,29 +360,29 @@ export default function Dashboard({ activeYear, selectedYearId, selectedYear, ac
                 {isEnrollment && (
                     <>
                         <KpiCard
-                            title="Élèves inscrits"
+                            title={t('dashboard.kpi.students_enrolled')}
                             value={enrollments.enrollments_year}
-                            sub={`Année ${activeYear?.year ?? '—'}`}
+                            sub={t('dashboard.header.school_year', { year: activeYear?.year ?? '—' })}
                             icon={Users}
                             color="blue"
                         />
                         <KpiCard
-                            title="Cette semaine"
+                            title={t('dashboard.kpi.this_week')}
                             value={enrollments.enrollments_week}
-                            sub="Nouvelles inscriptions"
+                            sub={t('dashboard.kpi.this_week_sub')}
                             icon={CalendarDays}
                             color="purple"
                         />
                         <KpiCard
-                            title="Élèves actifs"
+                            title={t('dashboard.kpi.active_students')}
                             value={enrollments.active_students}
-                            sub={`sur ${enrollments.total_students} au total`}
+                            sub={t('dashboard.kpi.active_students_sub', { total: enrollments.total_students })}
                             icon={GraduationCap}
                             color="green"
                         />
                         {isFinancial && (
                             <div className="bg-white dark:bg-card rounded-xl p-5 shadow-sm border border-gray-100 dark:border-gray-700 min-h-28 flex flex-col justify-center">
-                                <p className="text-xs font-medium text-gray-500 uppercase tracking-wide">Taux de recouvrement</p>
+                                <p className="text-xs font-medium text-gray-500 uppercase tracking-wide">{t('dashboard.kpi.recovery_rate')}</p>
                                 <p className="text-2xl font-bold text-blue-600 dark:text-blue-400 mt-1">{collectedPct}%</p>
                                 <ProgressBar
                                     value={collectedPct}
@@ -392,44 +391,44 @@ export default function Dashboard({ activeYear, selectedYearId, selectedYear, ac
                             </div>
                         )}
                         <KpiCard
-                            title="Garçons"
+                            title={t('dashboard.kpi.boys')}
                             value={enrollments.students_by_gender.male}
-                            sub={`${genderPct(enrollments.students_by_gender.male)}% des inscrits`}
+                            sub={t('dashboard.kpi.gender_sub', { pct: genderPct(enrollments.students_by_gender.male) })}
                             icon={User}
                             color="blue"
                         />
                         <KpiCard
-                            title="Filles"
+                            title={t('dashboard.kpi.girls')}
                             value={enrollments.students_by_gender.female}
-                            sub={`${genderPct(enrollments.students_by_gender.female)}% des inscrits`}
+                            sub={t('dashboard.kpi.gender_sub', { pct: genderPct(enrollments.students_by_gender.female) })}
                             icon={User}
                             color="purple"
                         />
                         <KpiCard
-                            title="Classes actives"
+                            title={t('dashboard.kpi.active_classes')}
                             value={enrollments.active_classrooms}
-                            sub="Classes ouvertes"
+                            sub={t('dashboard.kpi.active_classes_sub')}
                             icon={Layers}
                             color="green"
                         />
                         <KpiCard
-                            title="Utilisateurs"
+                            title={t('dashboard.kpi.users')}
                             value={enrollments.total_users}
-                            sub="Comptes au total"
+                            sub={t('dashboard.kpi.users_sub')}
                             icon={Users}
                             color="orange"
                         />
                         <KpiCard
-                            title="Enseignants"
+                            title={t('dashboard.kpi.teachers')}
                             value={enrollments.teachers_count}
-                            sub="Personnel pédagogique"
+                            sub={t('dashboard.kpi.teachers_sub')}
                             icon={GraduationCap}
                             color="purple"
                         />
                         <KpiCard
-                            title="Ratio élèves/enseignant"
+                            title={t('dashboard.kpi.rem')}
                             value={enrollments.rem ?? '—'}
-                            sub={`REM · ${enrollments.teachers_count} enseignant${enrollments.teachers_count > 1 ? 's' : ''}`}
+                            sub={t('dashboard.kpi.rem_sub', { count: enrollments.teachers_count })}
                             icon={Users}
                             color="blue"
                         />
@@ -438,37 +437,37 @@ export default function Dashboard({ activeYear, selectedYearId, selectedYear, ac
                 {isAcademic && (
                     <>
                         <KpiCard
-                            title="Présences du jour"
+                            title={t('dashboard.kpi.present_today')}
                             value={academic.present_today}
-                            sub={`${academic.absent_today} absence${academic.absent_today > 1 ? 's' : ''} aujourd'hui`}
+                            sub={t('dashboard.kpi.present_today_sub', { count: academic.absent_today })}
                             icon={UserCheck}
                             color="green"
                         />
                         <KpiCard
-                            title="Taux de présence (jour)"
+                            title={t('dashboard.kpi.presence_rate')}
                             value={presenceRateToday !== null ? `${presenceRateToday}%` : '—'}
-                            sub={pointedToday > 0 ? `${academic.present_today}/${pointedToday} pointés` : 'Aucun pointage'}
+                            sub={pointedToday > 0 ? t('dashboard.kpi.presence_rate_sub', { present: academic.present_today, total: pointedToday }) : t('dashboard.kpi.presence_rate_none')}
                             icon={UserCheck}
                             color={presenceRateToday === null ? 'blue' : presenceRateToday >= 90 ? 'green' : presenceRateToday >= 75 ? 'orange' : 'red'}
                         />
                         <KpiCard
-                            title="Permissions en attente"
+                            title={t('dashboard.kpi.pending_permissions')}
                             value={academic.pending_permissions}
-                            sub="À traiter"
+                            sub={t('dashboard.kpi.pending_permissions_sub')}
                             icon={ShieldCheck}
                             color="orange"
                         />
                         <KpiCard
-                            title="Documents délivrés"
+                            title={t('dashboard.kpi.documents')}
                             value={academic.documents_month}
-                            sub="Ce mois-ci"
+                            sub={t('dashboard.kpi.this_month')}
                             icon={FileBadge}
                             color="purple"
                         />
                         <KpiCard
-                            title="Examens officiels"
+                            title={t('dashboard.kpi.official_exams')}
                             value={academic.exams_open}
-                            sub={`${academic.exam_registrations} inscription${academic.exam_registrations > 1 ? 's' : ''}`}
+                            sub={t('dashboard.kpi.official_exams_sub', { count: academic.exam_registrations })}
                             icon={GraduationCap}
                             color="blue"
                         />
@@ -477,16 +476,16 @@ export default function Dashboard({ activeYear, selectedYearId, selectedYear, ac
                 {isBulletins && (
                     <>
                         <KpiCard
-                            title="Bulletins validés"
+                            title={t('dashboard.kpi.validated_bulletins')}
                             value={bulletins.validated}
-                            sub={bulletins.period ? `Période : ${bulletins.period}` : 'Toutes périodes'}
+                            sub={bulletins.period ? t('dashboard.kpi.period', { period: bulletins.period }) : t('dashboard.kpi.all_periods')}
                             icon={FileBadge}
                             color="blue"
                         />
                         <KpiCard
-                            title="Moyenne générale"
+                            title={t('dashboard.kpi.general_average')}
                             value={bulletins.average !== null ? `${bulletins.average}/20` : '—'}
-                            sub={bulletins.period ? `Période : ${bulletins.period}` : 'Période courante'}
+                            sub={bulletins.period ? t('dashboard.kpi.period', { period: bulletins.period }) : t('dashboard.kpi.current_period')}
                             icon={CheckCircle2}
                             color="green"
                         />
@@ -495,39 +494,39 @@ export default function Dashboard({ activeYear, selectedYearId, selectedYear, ac
                 {isFinancial && (
                     <>
                         <KpiCard
-                            title="Total facturé"
+                            title={t('dashboard.kpi.total_billed')}
                             value={fmt(Number(stats?.total_amount ?? 0))}
-                            sub={`${stats?.total_invoices ?? 0} factures`}
+                            sub={t('dashboard.kpi.total_billed_sub', { count: stats?.total_invoices ?? 0 })}
                             icon={Banknote}
                             color="blue"
                         />
                         <KpiCard
-                            title="Encaissé"
+                            title={t('dashboard.kpi.collected')}
                             value={fmt(Number(stats?.total_paid ?? 0))}
-                            sub={`Taux ${collectedPct}%`}
+                            sub={t('dashboard.kpi.collected_sub', { pct: collectedPct })}
                             icon={CheckCircle2}
                             color="green"
                         />
                         <KpiCard
-                            title="Reste à recouvrer"
+                            title={t('dashboard.kpi.remaining')}
                             value={fmt(Number(stats?.total_remaining ?? 0))}
-                            sub={`${(stats?.issued_count ?? 0) + (stats?.partial_count ?? 0)} dossiers ouverts`}
+                            sub={t('dashboard.kpi.remaining_sub', { count: (stats?.issued_count ?? 0) + (stats?.partial_count ?? 0) })}
                             icon={AlertCircle}
                             color="orange"
                         />
                         <KpiCard
-                            title="Soldés / Impayés"
+                            title={t('dashboard.kpi.paid_unpaid')}
                             value={`${stats?.paid_count ?? 0} / ${stats?.issued_count ?? 0}`}
-                            sub={`${stats?.partial_count ?? 0} paiements partiels`}
+                            sub={t('dashboard.kpi.paid_unpaid_sub', { count: stats?.partial_count ?? 0 })}
                             icon={XCircle}
                             color="red"
                         />
-                        <KpiCard title="Encaissé (mois)" value={fmt(financial.month.income)} sub="Ce mois-ci" icon={TrendingUp} color="green" />
-                        <KpiCard title="Dépenses (mois)" value={fmt(financial.month.expenses)} sub="Ce mois-ci" icon={TrendingDown} color="red" />
+                        <KpiCard title={t('dashboard.kpi.collected_month')} value={fmt(financial.month.income)} sub={t('dashboard.kpi.this_month')} icon={TrendingUp} color="green" />
+                        <KpiCard title={t('dashboard.kpi.expenses_month')} value={fmt(financial.month.expenses)} sub={t('dashboard.kpi.this_month')} icon={TrendingDown} color="red" />
                         <KpiCard
-                            title="Solde net (mois)"
+                            title={t('dashboard.kpi.net_month')}
                             value={fmt(financial.month.net)}
-                            sub={financial.month.net >= 0 ? 'Excédent' : 'Déficit'}
+                            sub={financial.month.net >= 0 ? t('dashboard.kpi.surplus') : t('dashboard.kpi.deficit')}
                             icon={Wallet}
                             color={financial.month.net >= 0 ? 'blue' : 'orange'}
                         />
@@ -539,13 +538,13 @@ export default function Dashboard({ activeYear, selectedYearId, selectedYear, ac
                 {isAcademic && (
                     <div className="grid lg:grid-cols-2 gap-5">
                         <SectionCard
-                            title="Permissions en attente"
+                            title={t('dashboard.section.pending_permissions')}
                             icon={<ShieldCheck className="w-4 h-4" />}
                             count={academic.pendingPermissions.length}
-                            action={{ label: 'Permissions', href: route('absence-permissions.index') }}
+                            action={{ label: t('dashboard.section.pending_permissions_action'), href: route('absence-permissions.index') }}
                         >
                             {academic.pendingPermissions.length === 0 ? (
-                                <p className="text-sm text-gray-400 text-center py-6 px-5">Aucune demande en attente</p>
+                                <p className="text-sm text-gray-400 text-center py-6 px-5">{t('dashboard.section.pending_permissions_empty')}</p>
                             ) : (
                                 <div className="divide-y divide-gray-50 dark:divide-gray-700/50">
                                     {academic.pendingPermissions.map(p => (
@@ -555,7 +554,7 @@ export default function Dashboard({ activeYear, selectedYearId, selectedYear, ac
                                                 <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">{reasonLabel[p.reason] ?? p.reason} · {p.start_date} → {p.end_date}</p>
                                             </div>
                                             <span className="shrink-0 ml-3 text-xs font-semibold px-2 py-0.5 rounded-full bg-amber-100 text-amber-700">
-                                                En attente
+                                                {t('dashboard.status.pending')}
                                             </span>
                                         </div>
                                     ))}
@@ -564,13 +563,13 @@ export default function Dashboard({ activeYear, selectedYearId, selectedYear, ac
                         </SectionCard>
 
                         <SectionCard
-                            title="Prochains examens officiels"
+                            title={t('dashboard.section.upcoming_exams')}
                             icon={<GraduationCap className="w-4 h-4" />}
                             count={academic.upcomingExams.length}
-                            action={{ label: 'Examens', href: route('official-exams.index') }}
+                            action={{ label: t('dashboard.section.upcoming_exams_action'), href: route('official-exams.index') }}
                         >
                             {academic.upcomingExams.length === 0 ? (
-                                <p className="text-sm text-gray-400 text-center py-6 px-5">Aucun examen planifié</p>
+                                <p className="text-sm text-gray-400 text-center py-6 px-5">{t('dashboard.section.upcoming_exams_empty')}</p>
                             ) : (
                                 <div className="divide-y divide-gray-50 dark:divide-gray-700/50">
                                     {academic.upcomingExams.map(e => (
@@ -579,7 +578,7 @@ export default function Dashboard({ activeYear, selectedYearId, selectedYear, ac
                                                 <p className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-900 dark:text-white truncate">
                                                     <span className="uppercase text-blue-600 dark:text-blue-400 font-bold mr-1.5">{e.type}</span>{e.name}
                                                 </p>
-                                                <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">{e.center ?? '—'} · {e.registrations} inscrit{e.registrations > 1 ? 's' : ''}</p>
+                                                <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">{e.center ?? '—'} · {t('dashboard.section.registered', { count: e.registrations })}</p>
                                             </div>
                                             <span className="shrink-0 ml-3 text-xs text-gray-500">{e.exam_date}</span>
                                         </div>
@@ -598,10 +597,10 @@ export default function Dashboard({ activeYear, selectedYearId, selectedYear, ac
                         <div className="lg:col-span-2 bg-white dark:bg-card rounded-xl border border-gray-100 dark:border-gray-700 p-5 shadow-sm">
                             <div className="flex items-center gap-2 mb-4">
                                 <TrendingUp className="w-4 h-4 text-gray-400" />
-                                <h2 className="font-semibold text-sm text-gray-900 dark:text-white">Encaissements — 6 derniers mois</h2>
+                                <h2 className="font-semibold text-sm text-gray-900 dark:text-white">{t('dashboard.section.monthly')}</h2>
                             </div>
                             {financial.monthlyPayments.length === 0 ? (
-                                <p className="text-sm text-gray-400 text-center py-8">Aucun paiement sur la période</p>
+                                <p className="text-sm text-gray-400 text-center py-8">{t('dashboard.section.monthly_empty')}</p>
                             ) : (
                                 <ResponsiveContainer width="100%" height={200}>
                                     <AreaChart data={financial.monthlyPayments.map(m => ({ name: m.month_label.slice(0, 3), total: Number(m.total), label: m.month_label }))}
@@ -615,7 +614,7 @@ export default function Dashboard({ activeYear, selectedYearId, selectedYear, ac
                                         <XAxis dataKey="name" tick={{ fontSize: 12, fill: theme.tick }} axisLine={false} tickLine={false} />
                                         <YAxis tick={{ fontSize: 11, fill: theme.tick }} axisLine={false} tickLine={false} width={48}
                                             tickFormatter={(v: number) => v >= 1000 ? `${Math.round(v / 1000)}k` : `${v}`} />
-                                        <RTooltip formatter={(v) => [fmt(Number(v)), 'Encaissé']} labelFormatter={() => ''} />
+                                        <RTooltip formatter={(v) => [fmt(Number(v)), t('dashboard.section.collected_tooltip')]} labelFormatter={() => ''} />
                                         <Area type="monotone" dataKey="total" stroke={theme.primary} strokeWidth={2} fill="url(#payGrad)" />
                                     </AreaChart>
                                 </ResponsiveContainer>
@@ -626,10 +625,10 @@ export default function Dashboard({ activeYear, selectedYearId, selectedYear, ac
                         <div className="bg-white dark:bg-card rounded-xl border border-gray-100 dark:border-gray-700 p-5 shadow-sm">
                             <div className="flex items-center gap-2 mb-4">
                                 <Wallet className="w-4 h-4 text-gray-400" />
-                                <h2 className="font-semibold text-sm text-gray-900 dark:text-white">Soldes des caisses</h2>
+                                <h2 className="font-semibold text-sm text-gray-900 dark:text-white">{t('dashboard.section.cash_balances')}</h2>
                             </div>
                             {financial.cashAccounts.length === 0 ? (
-                                <p className="text-sm text-gray-400 text-center py-6">Aucune caisse active</p>
+                                <p className="text-sm text-gray-400 text-center py-6">{t('dashboard.section.cash_balances_empty')}</p>
                             ) : (
                                 <div className="space-y-3">
                                     {financial.cashAccounts.map(ca => (
@@ -644,7 +643,7 @@ export default function Dashboard({ activeYear, selectedYearId, selectedYear, ac
                                         </div>
                                     ))}
                                     <div className="flex items-center justify-between pt-2 border-t border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-600">
-                                        <p className="text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 uppercase">Total</p>
+                                        <p className="text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 uppercase">{t('dashboard.section.total')}</p>
                                         <span className="text-sm font-bold text-blue-600 dark:text-blue-400">
                                             {fmt(financial.cashAccounts.reduce((s, ca) => s + Number(ca.balance), 0))}
                                         </span>
@@ -661,12 +660,12 @@ export default function Dashboard({ activeYear, selectedYearId, selectedYear, ac
                         <div className="flex items-center gap-2 mb-4">
                             <Banknote className="w-4 h-4 text-gray-400" />
                             <h2 className="font-semibold text-sm text-gray-900 dark:text-white">
-                                Moyens de paiement — {selectedYear?.year ?? activeYear?.year ?? ''}
+                                {t('dashboard.section.payment_methods_year', { year: selectedYear?.year ?? activeYear?.year ?? '' })}
                             </h2>
                         </div>
                         {(() => {
                             const total = financial.paymentMethods.reduce((s, m) => s + m.total, 0);
-                            if (total === 0) return <p className="text-sm text-gray-400 text-center py-6">Aucun encaissement sur la période</p>;
+                            if (total === 0) return <p className="text-sm text-gray-400 text-center py-6">{t('dashboard.section.payment_methods_empty')}</p>;
                             return (
                                 <ul className="space-y-3">
                                     {financial.paymentMethods.map(m => {
@@ -699,7 +698,7 @@ export default function Dashboard({ activeYear, selectedYearId, selectedYear, ac
                             <div className="bg-white dark:bg-card rounded-xl border border-gray-100 dark:border-gray-700 p-5 shadow-sm">
                                 <div className="flex items-center gap-2 mb-4">
                                     <Banknote className="w-4 h-4 text-gray-400" />
-                                    <h2 className="font-semibold text-sm text-gray-900 dark:text-white">Répartition des factures</h2>
+                                    <h2 className="font-semibold text-sm text-gray-900 dark:text-white">{t('dashboard.section.invoice_breakdown')}</h2>
                                 </div>
                                 <div className="flex items-center gap-4">
                                     <ResponsiveContainer width="55%" height={200}>
@@ -731,14 +730,14 @@ export default function Dashboard({ activeYear, selectedYearId, selectedYear, ac
                             <div className="bg-white dark:bg-card rounded-xl border border-gray-100 dark:border-gray-700 p-5 shadow-sm">
                                 <div className="flex items-center gap-2 mb-4">
                                     <Users className="w-4 h-4 text-gray-400" />
-                                    <h2 className="font-semibold text-sm text-gray-900 dark:text-white">Élèves par classe</h2>
+                                    <h2 className="font-semibold text-sm text-gray-900 dark:text-white">{t('dashboard.section.students_per_class')}</h2>
                                 </div>
                                 <ResponsiveContainer width="100%" height={200}>
                                     <BarChart data={enrollments.byClass.map(c => ({ name: c.class_name, total: Number(c.total) }))}
                                         margin={{ top: 5, right: 10, left: 0, bottom: 0 }}>
                                         <XAxis dataKey="name" tick={{ fontSize: 11, fill: theme.tick }} axisLine={false} tickLine={false} interval={0} angle={-15} textAnchor="end" height={50} />
                                         <YAxis tick={{ fontSize: 11, fill: theme.tick }} axisLine={false} tickLine={false} width={28} allowDecimals={false} />
-                                        <RTooltip formatter={(v) => [`${v}`, 'Élèves']} />
+                                        <RTooltip formatter={(v) => [`${v}`, t('dashboard.section.students_tooltip')]} />
                                         <Bar dataKey="total" fill={theme.primary} radius={[6, 6, 0, 0]} />
                                     </BarChart>
                                 </ResponsiveContainer>
@@ -753,13 +752,13 @@ export default function Dashboard({ activeYear, selectedYearId, selectedYear, ac
                     {/* Derniers paiements */}
                     {isFinancial && (
                         <SectionCard
-                            title="Derniers paiements"
+                            title={t('dashboard.section.recent_payments')}
                             icon={<Banknote className="w-4 h-4" />}
                             count={financial.recentPayments.length}
-                            action={{ label: 'Comptabilité', href: route('accounting.index') }}
+                            action={{ label: t('dashboard.section.recent_payments_action'), href: route('accounting.index') }}
                         >
                             {financial.recentPayments.length === 0 ? (
-                                <p className="text-sm text-gray-400 text-center py-6 px-5">Aucun paiement enregistré</p>
+                                <p className="text-sm text-gray-400 text-center py-6 px-5">{t('dashboard.section.recent_payments_empty')}</p>
                             ) : (
                                 <div className="divide-y divide-gray-50 dark:divide-gray-700/50">
                                     {financial.recentPayments.map(p => (
@@ -782,13 +781,13 @@ export default function Dashboard({ activeYear, selectedYearId, selectedYear, ac
                     {/* Dernières inscriptions */}
                     {isEnrollment && (
                         <SectionCard
-                            title="Dernières inscriptions"
+                            title={t('dashboard.section.recent_enrollments')}
                             icon={<ClipboardList className="w-4 h-4" />}
                             count={enrollments.recentEnrollments.length}
-                            action={{ label: 'Inscriptions', href: route('enrollments.index') }}
+                            action={{ label: t('dashboard.section.recent_enrollments_action'), href: route('enrollments.index') }}
                         >
                             {enrollments.recentEnrollments.length === 0 ? (
-                                <p className="text-sm text-gray-400 text-center py-6 px-5">Aucune inscription pour cette année</p>
+                                <p className="text-sm text-gray-400 text-center py-6 px-5">{t('dashboard.section.recent_enrollments_empty')}</p>
                             ) : (
                                 <div className="divide-y divide-gray-50 dark:divide-gray-700/50">
                                     {enrollments.recentEnrollments.map(e => {
@@ -814,18 +813,18 @@ export default function Dashboard({ activeYear, selectedYearId, selectedYear, ac
                 {/* ── Élèves sans paiement (table détaillée) ──────────── */}
                 {isFinancial && financial.studentsNoPay.length > 0 && (
                     <SectionCard
-                        title="Élèves à risque — aucun paiement"
+                        title={t('dashboard.section.students_no_pay')}
                         icon={<AlertTriangle className="w-4 h-4 text-red-500" />}
                         count={financial.studentsNoPay.length}
-                        action={{ label: 'Voir tout', href: route('accounting.index') }}
+                        action={{ label: t('dashboard.section.students_no_pay_action'), href: route('accounting.index') }}
                     >
                         <div className="overflow-x-auto">
                             <table className="w-full text-sm">
                                 <thead>
                                     <tr className="border-b border-gray-100 dark:border-gray-700 bg-gray-50 dark:bg-gray-800/50">
-                                        <th className="px-5 py-3 text-left text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 uppercase tracking-wide">Élève</th>
-                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-left text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 uppercase tracking-wide">Classe</th>
-                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-right text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 uppercase tracking-wide">Montant dû</th>
+                                        <th className="px-5 py-3 text-left text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 uppercase tracking-wide">{t('dashboard.section.col_student')}</th>
+                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-left text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 uppercase tracking-wide">{t('dashboard.section.col_class')}</th>
+                                        <th className="px-4 py-3 text-right text-xs font-semibold text-gray-500 uppercase tracking-wide">{t('dashboard.section.col_amount_due')}</th>
                                         <th className="px-4 py-3"></th>
                                     </tr>
                                 </thead>
@@ -849,7 +848,7 @@ export default function Dashboard({ activeYear, selectedYearId, selectedYear, ac
                                             <td className="px-4 py-3 text-right">
                                                 <Button size="sm" variant="outline" className="text-xs h-7"
                                                     onClick={() => router.get(route('enrollments.invoice', e.id))}>
-                                                    Facture
+                                                    {t('dashboard.section.invoice_action')}
                                                 </Button>
                                             </td>
                                         </tr>
@@ -866,13 +865,13 @@ export default function Dashboard({ activeYear, selectedYearId, selectedYear, ac
                         <div className="grid lg:grid-cols-2 gap-4">
                             {/* Emploi du temps du jour */}
                             <SectionCard
-                                title="Mon emploi du temps — aujourd'hui"
+                                title={t('dashboard.teacher.today_timetable')}
                                 icon={<CalendarDays className="w-4 h-4" />}
                                 count={teaching.today.length}
-                                action={{ label: 'Emploi du temps', href: route('timetable.index') }}
+                                action={{ label: t('dashboard.teacher.timetable_action'), href: route('timetable.index') }}
                             >
                                 {teaching.today.length === 0 ? (
-                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-400 text-center py-6 px-5">Aucun cours programmé aujourd'hui.</p>
+                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-400 text-center py-6 px-5">{t('dashboard.teacher.today_empty')}</p>
                                 ) : (
                                     <ul className="divide-y divide-gray-100 dark:divide-gray-700">
                                         {teaching.today.map(s => (
@@ -882,7 +881,7 @@ export default function Dashboard({ activeYear, selectedYearId, selectedYear, ac
                                                 </span>
                                                 <div className="min-w-0 flex-1">
                                                     <p className="font-medium text-gray-800 dark:text-gray-200 text-sm truncate">{s.subject}</p>
-                                                    <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">{s.class_name}{s.room ? ` · salle ${s.room}` : ''}</p>
+                                                    <p className="text-xs text-gray-400">{s.class_name}{s.room ? ` · ${t('dashboard.teacher.room', { room: s.room })}` : ''}</p>
                                                 </div>
                                             </li>
                                         ))}
@@ -892,13 +891,13 @@ export default function Dashboard({ activeYear, selectedYearId, selectedYear, ac
 
                             {/* Notes à saisir */}
                             <SectionCard
-                                title="Notes à saisir"
+                                title={t('dashboard.teacher.pending_marks')}
                                 icon={<ClipboardList className="w-4 h-4" />}
                                 count={teaching.pendingMarks.count}
-                                action={{ label: 'Évaluations', href: route('evaluations.index') }}
+                                action={{ label: t('dashboard.teacher.evaluations_action'), href: route('evaluations.index') }}
                             >
                                 {teaching.pendingMarks.items.length === 0 ? (
-                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-400 text-center py-6 px-5">Toutes vos évaluations sont saisies. 🎉</p>
+                                    <p className="text-sm text-gray-400 text-center py-6 px-5">{t('dashboard.teacher.pending_marks_empty')}</p>
                                 ) : (
                                     <ul className="divide-y divide-gray-100 dark:divide-gray-700">
                                         {teaching.pendingMarks.items.map(e => (
@@ -922,14 +921,14 @@ export default function Dashboard({ activeYear, selectedYearId, selectedYear, ac
 
                         {/* Mes classes & matières */}
                         <SectionCard
-                            title="Mes classes & matières"
+                            title={t('dashboard.teacher.my_classes')}
                             icon={<BookOpen className="w-4 h-4" />}
                             count={teaching.assignments.length}
-                            action={{ label: 'Affectations', href: route('subject-assignments.index') }}
+                            action={{ label: t('dashboard.teacher.assignments_action'), href: route('subject-assignments.index') }}
                         >
                             {teaching.assignments.length === 0 ? (
                                 <p className="text-sm text-gray-400 text-center py-6 px-5">
-                                    Aucune affectation pour l'année {activeYear?.year ?? 'courante'}
+                                    {t('dashboard.teacher.assignments_empty', { year: activeYear?.year ?? '—' })}
                                 </p>
                             ) : (
                                 <div className="grid sm:grid-cols-2 lg:grid-cols-3 gap-3 p-5">
@@ -943,7 +942,7 @@ export default function Dashboard({ activeYear, selectedYearId, selectedYear, ac
                                                 href={route('attendances.index')}
                                                 className="mt-3 inline-flex items-center gap-1 text-xs font-medium text-blue-600 dark:text-blue-300 hover:gap-2 transition-all"
                                             >
-                                                <UserCheck className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> Faire l'appel
+                                                <UserCheck className="w-3.5 h-3.5" /> {t('dashboard.teacher.take_attendance')}
                                             </Link>
                                         </div>
                                     ))}
@@ -959,8 +958,8 @@ export default function Dashboard({ activeYear, selectedYearId, selectedYear, ac
                         <div className="w-16 h-16 rounded-full bg-gray-100 dark:bg-gray-700 flex items-center justify-center mx-auto mb-4">
                             <TrendingDown className="w-8 h-8 text-gray-400" />
                         </div>
-                        <p className="text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-400 font-medium">Tableau de bord non disponible</p>
-                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-400 mt-1">Aucune donnée à afficher pour votre profil.</p>
+                        <p className="text-gray-600 dark:text-gray-400 font-medium">{t('dashboard.empty.title')}</p>
+                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-400 mt-1">{t('dashboard.empty.subtitle')}</p>
                     </div>
                 )}
 
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/settings/appearance.tsx b/resources/js/pages/settings/appearance.tsx
index 54c41b5c..74fd0b16 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/settings/appearance.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/settings/appearance.tsx
@@ -1,24 +1,34 @@
-import { Head } from '@inertiajs/react';
-import { Palette } from 'lucide-react';
+import { Head, router } from '@inertiajs/react';
+import { Palette, Languages } from 'lucide-react';
 import AppearanceTabs from '@/components/appearance-tabs';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 import SettingsLayout from '@/layouts/settings/layout';
 import { edit as editAppearance } from '@/routes/appearance';
 import type { BreadcrumbItem } from '@/types';
 
-const breadcrumbs: BreadcrumbItem[] = [
-    {
-        title: 'Apparence',
-        href: editAppearance().url,
-    },
-];
-
 export default function Appearance() {
+    const { t, locale, locales } = useTranslation();
+
+    const breadcrumbs: BreadcrumbItem[] = [
+        {
+            title: t('settings.appearance.title'),
+            href: editAppearance().url,
+        },
+    ];
+
+    const changeLanguage = (value: string) => {
+        if (value === locale) {
+            return;
+        }
+        router.patch('/settings/language', { locale: value }, { preserveScroll: true });
+    };
+
     return (
         <AppLayout breadcrumbs={breadcrumbs}>
-            <Head title="Apparence" />
+            <Head title={t('settings.appearance.title')} />
 
-            <h1 className="sr-only flex items-center gap-3"><Palette className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />Apparence</h1>
+            <h1 className="sr-only flex items-center gap-3"><Palette className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />{t('settings.appearance.title')}</h1>
 
             <SettingsLayout bare>
                 <div className="space-y-6">
@@ -29,17 +39,41 @@ export default function Appearance() {
                                 <Palette className="h-7 w-7" />
                             </div>
                             <div>
-                                <h2 className="text-xl font-bold text-gray-900">Apparence</h2>
-                                <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Personnalisez l'apparence de votre compte.</p>
+                                <h2 className="text-xl font-bold text-gray-900">{t('settings.appearance.title')}</h2>
+                                <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('settings.appearance.desc')}</p>
                             </div>
                         </div>
                         <Palette className="pointer-events-none absolute -right-4 -bottom-6 h-32 w-32 text-blue-600 opacity-[0.07]" />
                     </div>
 
-                    {/* Contenu */}
+                    {/* Thème */}
                     <div className="rounded-2xl bg-white p-6 shadow-sm ring-1 ring-slate-100">
                         <AppearanceTabs />
                     </div>
+
+                    {/* Langue */}
+                    <div className="rounded-2xl bg-white p-6 shadow-sm ring-1 ring-slate-100">
+                        <div className="flex items-center gap-2 mb-1">
+                            <Languages className="h-5 w-5 text-blue-600" />
+                            <h3 className="font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('settings.language.title')}</h3>
+                        </div>
+                        <p className="text-sm text-gray-500 mb-3">{t('settings.language.desc')}</p>
+                        <label htmlFor="locale" className="block text-sm font-medium text-gray-700 mb-1.5">
+                            {t('settings.language.label')}
+                        </label>
+                        <select
+                            id="locale"
+                            value={locale}
+                            onChange={(e) => changeLanguage(e.target.value)}
+                            className="w-full max-w-xs rounded-lg border border-gray-200 bg-white px-3 py-2 text-sm text-gray-900 focus:outline-none focus:ring-2 focus:ring-blue-400"
+                        >
+                            {locales.map((l) => (
+                                <option key={l.code} value={l.code}>
+                                    {l.flag} {l.label}
+                                </option>
+                            ))}
+                        </select>
+                    </div>
                 </div>
             </SettingsLayout>
         </AppLayout>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/settings/password.tsx b/resources/js/pages/settings/password.tsx
index d65f2db9..24525d8d 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/settings/password.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/settings/password.tsx
@@ -8,28 +8,30 @@ import PasswordStrength from '@/components/password-strength';
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { Label } from '@/components/ui/label';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 import SettingsLayout from '@/layouts/settings/layout';
 import { edit } from '@/routes/user-password';
 import type { BreadcrumbItem } from '@/types';
 
-const breadcrumbs: BreadcrumbItem[] = [
-    {
-        title: 'Mot de passe',
-        href: edit().url,
-    },
-];
-
 export default function Password() {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const passwordInput = useRef<HTMLInputElement>(null);
     const currentPasswordInput = useRef<HTMLInputElement>(null);
     const [password, setPassword] = useState('');
 
+    const breadcrumbs: BreadcrumbItem[] = [
+        {
+            title: t('settings.password.page.breadcrumb'),
+            href: edit().url,
+        },
+    ];
+
     return (
         <AppLayout breadcrumbs={breadcrumbs}>
-            <Head title="Mot de passe" />
+            <Head title={t('settings.password.page.head')} />
 
-            <h1 className="sr-only flex items-center gap-3"><KeyRound className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />Mot de passe</h1>
+            <h1 className="sr-only flex items-center gap-3"><KeyRound className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />{t('settings.password.page.heading')}</h1>
 
             <SettingsLayout bare>
                 <div className="space-y-6">
@@ -40,8 +42,8 @@ export default function Password() {
                                 <KeyRound className="h-7 w-7" />
                             </div>
                             <div>
-                                <h2 className="text-xl font-bold text-gray-900">Mot de passe</h2>
-                                <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Assurez-vous d'utiliser un mot de passe long et sécurisé.</p>
+                                <h2 className="text-xl font-bold text-gray-900">{t('settings.password.page.heading')}</h2>
+                                <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('settings.password.page.card_desc')}</p>
                             </div>
                         </div>
                         <Lock className="pointer-events-none absolute -right-4 -bottom-6 h-32 w-32 text-blue-600 opacity-[0.07]" />
@@ -78,7 +80,7 @@ export default function Password() {
                                     <div className="flex items-center gap-2 mb-4">
                                         <KeyRound className="w-4 h-4 text-gray-600" />
                                         <Label htmlFor="current_password" className="text-sm font-semibold text-gray-900 mb-0">
-                                            Mot de passe actuel
+                                            {t('settings.password.page.current')}
                                         </Label>
                                     </div>
                                     <Input
@@ -88,7 +90,7 @@ export default function Password() {
                                         type="password"
                                         className="bg-white border-gray-300"
                                         autoComplete="current-password"
-                                        placeholder="Entrez votre mot de passe actuel"
+                                        placeholder={t('settings.password.page.current_ph')}
                                     />
                                     <InputError message={errors.current_password} />
                                 </div>
@@ -98,14 +100,14 @@ export default function Password() {
                                     <div className="flex items-center gap-2 mb-4">
                                         <ShieldCheck className="w-5 h-5 text-green-600" />
                                         <span className="text-sm font-semibold text-green-900">
-                                            Nouveau mot de passe
+                                            {t('settings.password.page.new_section')}
                                         </span>
                                     </div>
                                     
                                     <div className="space-y-4">
                                         <div>
                                             <Label htmlFor="password" className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-900">
-                                                Nouveau mot de passe
+                                                {t('settings.password.page.new')}
                                             </Label>
                                             <Input
                                                 id="password"
@@ -114,7 +116,7 @@ export default function Password() {
                                                 type="password"
                                                 className="mt-2 bg-white border-green-300 focus:ring-green-500"
                                                 autoComplete="new-password"
-                                                placeholder="Entrez un nouveau mot de passe"
+                                                placeholder={t('settings.password.page.new_ph')}
                                                 onChange={(e) => setPassword(e.target.value)}
                                             />
                                             <InputError message={errors.password} />
@@ -123,7 +125,7 @@ export default function Password() {
 
                                         <div>
                                             <Label htmlFor="password_confirmation" className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-900">
-                                                Confirmer le mot de passe
+                                                {t('settings.password.page.confirm')}
                                             </Label>
                                             <Input
                                                 id="password_confirmation"
@@ -131,7 +133,7 @@ export default function Password() {
                                                 type="password"
                                                 className="mt-2 bg-white border-green-300 focus:ring-green-500"
                                                 autoComplete="new-password"
-                                                placeholder="Confirmez le nouveau mot de passe"
+                                                placeholder={t('settings.password.page.confirm_ph')}
                                             />
                                             <InputError message={errors.password_confirmation} />
                                         </div>
@@ -139,7 +141,7 @@ export default function Password() {
 
                                     <div className="mt-4 p-3 bg-green-100 rounded-md">
                                         <p className="text-xs text-green-800">
-                                            💡 <strong>Conseil :</strong> Au moins 12 caractères mêlant majuscules, minuscules, chiffres et symboles. Évitez les mots de passe déjà utilisés ailleurs.
+                                            💡 <strong>{t('settings.password.page.tip_label')}</strong> {t('settings.password.page.tip')}
                                         </p>
                                     </div>
                                 </div>
@@ -150,7 +152,7 @@ export default function Password() {
                                         className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700"
                                         data-test="update-password-button"
                                     >
-                                        {processing ? 'Modification...' : 'Modifier le mot de passe'}
+                                        {processing ? t('settings.password.page.saving') : t('settings.password.page.submit')}
                                     </Button>
 
                                     <Transition
@@ -161,7 +163,7 @@ export default function Password() {
                                         leaveTo="opacity-0"
                                     >
                                         <p className="text-sm text-green-600 font-medium">
-                                            ✓ Mot de passe modifié
+                                            {t('settings.password.page.saved')}
                                         </p>
                                     </Transition>
                                 </div>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/settings/profile.tsx b/resources/js/pages/settings/profile.tsx
index a5935657..9404f41f 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/settings/profile.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/settings/profile.tsx
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ import { Input } from '@/components/ui/input';
 import { Label } from '@/components/ui/label';
 import { Select, SelectContent, SelectItem, SelectTrigger, SelectValue } from '@/components/ui/select';
 import { Textarea } from '@/components/ui/textarea';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 import SettingsLayout from '@/layouts/settings/layout';
 import { edit } from '@/routes/profile';
@@ -15,13 +16,6 @@ import { send } from '@/routes/verification';
 import type { BreadcrumbItem } from '@/types';
 import type { Auth } from '@/types/auth';
 
-const breadcrumbs: BreadcrumbItem[] = [
-    {
-        title: 'Paramètres du compte',
-        href: edit().url,
-    },
-];
-
 export default function Profile({
     mustVerifyEmail,
     status,
@@ -29,8 +23,16 @@ export default function Profile({
     mustVerifyEmail: boolean;
     status?: string;
 }>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const { auth } = usePage<{ auth: Auth }>().props;
 
+    const breadcrumbs: BreadcrumbItem[] = [
+        {
+            title: t('settings.profile.page.breadcrumb'),
+            href: edit().url,
+        },
+    ];
+
     const initials = [auth.user.firstname?.[0], auth.user.lastname?.[0]]
         .filter(Boolean)
         .join('')
@@ -38,9 +40,9 @@ export default function Profile({
 
     return (
         <AppLayout breadcrumbs={breadcrumbs}>
-            <Head title="Mon profil" />
+            <Head title={t('settings.profile.page.head')} />
 
-            <h1 className="sr-only flex items-center gap-3"><UserCircle className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />Mon profil</h1>
+            <h1 className="sr-only flex items-center gap-3"><UserCircle className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />{t('settings.profile.page.heading')}</h1>
 
             <SettingsLayout bare>
                 <div className="space-y-6">
@@ -52,7 +54,7 @@ export default function Profile({
                             </div>
                             <div className="min-w-0">
                                 <h2 className="truncate text-xl font-bold text-gray-900">
-                                    {[auth.user.firstname, auth.user.lastname].filter(Boolean).join(' ') || 'Mon profil'}
+                                    {[auth.user.firstname, auth.user.lastname].filter(Boolean).join(' ') || t('settings.profile.page.default_name')}
                                 </h2>
                                 <p className="truncate text-sm text-gray-600">{auth.user.email}</p>
                                 <div className="mt-2 flex flex-wrap items-center gap-2">
@@ -79,8 +81,8 @@ export default function Profile({
                             <User className="w-5 h-5 text-blue-600" />
                         </div>
                         <div>
-                            <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">Informations personnelles</h2>
-                            <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Gérez vos informations de profil</p>
+                            <h2 className="text-lg font-semibold text-gray-900">{t('settings.profile.page.section_title')}</h2>
+                            <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('settings.profile.page.section_desc')}</p>
                         </div>
                     </div>
 
@@ -96,7 +98,7 @@ export default function Profile({
                                     <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-4">
                                         <div className="space-y-2">
                                             <Label htmlFor="firstname" className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-900">
-                                                Prénom *
+                                                {t('settings.profile.page.firstname')} *
                                             </Label>
                                             <Input
                                                 id="firstname"
@@ -105,14 +107,14 @@ export default function Profile({
                                                 name="firstname"
                                                 required
                                                 autoComplete="given-name"
-                                                placeholder="Votre prénom"
+                                                placeholder={t('settings.profile.page.firstname_ph')}
                                             />
                                             <InputError message={errors.firstname} />
                                         </div>
 
                                         <div className="space-y-2">
                                             <Label htmlFor="lastname" className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-900">
-                                                Nom de famille *
+                                                {t('settings.profile.page.lastname')} *
                                             </Label>
                                             <Input
                                                 id="lastname"
@@ -121,7 +123,7 @@ export default function Profile({
                                                 name="lastname"
                                                 required
                                                 autoComplete="family-name"
-                                                placeholder="Votre nom"
+                                                placeholder={t('settings.profile.page.lastname_ph')}
                                             />
                                             <InputError message={errors.lastname} />
                                         </div>
@@ -131,14 +133,14 @@ export default function Profile({
                                         <div className="space-y-2">
                                             <Label htmlFor="matricule" className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-900">
                                                 <IdCard className="w-4 h-4 inline mr-2" />
-                                                Matricule
+                                                {t('settings.profile.page.matricule')}
                                             </Label>
                                             <Input
                                                 id="matricule"
                                                 className="bg-gray-50 border-gray-200"
                                                 defaultValue={auth.user.natricule || ''}
                                                 disabled
-                                                placeholder="Non attribué"
+                                                placeholder={t('settings.profile.page.matricule_ph')}
                                             />
                                         </div>
                                     )}
@@ -146,16 +148,16 @@ export default function Profile({
                                     <div className="grid grid-cols-1 md:grid-cols-2 gap-4">
                                         <div className="space-y-2">
                                             <Label htmlFor="gender" className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-900">
-                                                Genre
+                                                {t('settings.profile.page.gender')}
                                             </Label>
                                             <Select name="gender" defaultValue={auth.user.gender || ''}>
                                                 <SelectTrigger id="gender" className="border-gray-300">
-                                                    <SelectValue placeholder="Sélectionner" />
+                                                    <SelectValue placeholder={t('settings.profile.page.gender_ph')} />
                                                 </SelectTrigger>
                                                 <SelectContent>
-                                                    <SelectItem value="male">Masculin</SelectItem>
-                                                    <SelectItem value="female">Féminin</SelectItem>
-                                                    <SelectItem value="other">Autre</SelectItem>
+                                                    <SelectItem value="male">{t('settings.profile.page.gender_male')}</SelectItem>
+                                                    <SelectItem value="female">{t('settings.profile.page.gender_female')}</SelectItem>
+                                                    <SelectItem value="other">{t('settings.profile.page.gender_other')}</SelectItem>
                                                 </SelectContent>
                                             </Select>
                                             <InputError message={errors.gender} />
@@ -164,7 +166,7 @@ export default function Profile({
                                         <div className="space-y-2">
                                             <Label htmlFor="birth_date" className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-900">
                                                 <Calendar className="w-4 h-4 inline mr-2" />
-                                                Date de naissance
+                                                {t('settings.profile.page.birth_date')}
                                             </Label>
                                             <Input
                                                 id="birth_date"
@@ -181,7 +183,7 @@ export default function Profile({
                                         <div className="space-y-2">
                                             <Label htmlFor="email" className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-900">
                                                 <Mail className="w-4 h-4 inline mr-2" />
-                                                Adresse email *
+                                                {t('settings.profile.page.email')} *
                                             </Label>
                                             <Input
                                                 id="email"
@@ -191,7 +193,7 @@ export default function Profile({
                                                 name="email"
                                                 required
                                                 autoComplete="username"
-                                                placeholder="exemple@email.com"
+                                                placeholder={t('settings.profile.page.email_ph')}
                                             />
                                             <InputError message={errors.email} />
                                         </div>
@@ -199,7 +201,7 @@ export default function Profile({
                                         <div className="space-y-2">
                                             <Label htmlFor="telephone" className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-900">
                                                 <Phone className="w-4 h-4 inline mr-2" />
-                                                Téléphone
+                                                {t('settings.profile.page.telephone')}
                                             </Label>
                                             <Input
                                                 id="telephone"
@@ -208,7 +210,7 @@ export default function Profile({
                                                 defaultValue={auth.user.telephone || ''}
                                                 name="telephone"
                                                 autoComplete="tel"
-                                                placeholder="+243 XXX XXX XXX"
+                                                placeholder={t('settings.profile.page.telephone_ph')}
                                             />
                                             <InputError message={errors.telephone} />
                                         </div>
@@ -217,7 +219,7 @@ export default function Profile({
                                     <div className="space-y-2">
                                         <Label htmlFor="address" className="text-sm font-medium text-gray-900">
                                             <MapPin className="w-4 h-4 inline mr-2" />
-                                            Adresse
+                                            {t('settings.profile.page.address')}
                                         </Label>
                                         <Textarea
                                             id="address"
@@ -225,7 +227,7 @@ export default function Profile({
                                             className="border-gray-300"
                                             defaultValue={auth.user.address || ''}
                                             name="address"
-                                            placeholder="Votre adresse complète"
+                                            placeholder={t('settings.profile.page.address_ph')}
                                         />
                                         <InputError message={errors.address} />
                                     </div>
@@ -234,19 +236,19 @@ export default function Profile({
                                         auth.user.email_verified_at === null && (
                                             <div className="p-4 bg-amber-50 border border-amber-200 rounded-lg">
                                                 <p className="text-sm text-amber-800">
-                                                    Votre adresse email n'est pas vérifiée.{' '}
+                                                    {t('settings.profile.page.email_unverified')}{' '}
                                                     <Link
                                                         href={send()}
                                                         as="button"
                                                         className="font-medium underline underline-offset-4 hover:text-amber-900"
                                                     >
-                                                        Cliquez ici pour renvoyer l'email de vérification.
+                                                        {t('settings.profile.page.email_resend')}
                                                     </Link>
                                                 </p>
 
                                                 {status === 'verification-link-sent' && (
                                                     <div className="mt-2 text-sm font-medium text-green-700">
-                                                        Un nouveau lien de vérification a été envoyé à votre adresse email.
+                                                        {t('settings.profile.page.email_link_sent')}
                                                     </div>
                                                 )}
                                             </div>
@@ -258,7 +260,7 @@ export default function Profile({
                                             className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700"
                                             data-test="update-profile-button"
                                         >
-                                            {processing ? 'Enregistrement...' : 'Enregistrer'}
+                                            {processing ? t('settings.profile.page.saving') : t('settings.profile.page.save')}
                                         </Button>
 
                                         <Transition
@@ -269,7 +271,7 @@ export default function Profile({
                                             leaveTo="opacity-0"
                                         >
                                             <p className="text-sm text-green-600 font-medium">
-                                                ✓ Modifications enregistrées
+                                                {t('settings.profile.page.saved')}
                                             </p>
                                         </Transition>
                                     </div>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/settings/two-factor.tsx b/resources/js/pages/settings/two-factor.tsx
index 5c8c27f3..20fc5fb1 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/settings/two-factor.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/settings/two-factor.tsx
@@ -6,6 +6,7 @@ import TwoFactorSetupModal from '@/components/two-factor-setup-modal';
 import { Badge } from '@/components/ui/badge';
 import { Button } from '@/components/ui/button';
 import { useTwoFactorAuth } from '@/hooks/use-two-factor-auth';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 import AppLayout from '@/layouts/app-layout';
 import SettingsLayout from '@/layouts/settings/layout';
 import { disable, enable, show } from '@/routes/two-factor';
@@ -16,17 +17,17 @@ type Props = {
     twoFactorEnabled?: boolean;
 };
 
-const breadcrumbs: BreadcrumbItem[] = [
-    {
-        title: 'Authentification à deux facteurs',
-        href: show.url(),
-    },
-];
-
 export default function TwoFactor({
     requiresConfirmation = false,
     twoFactorEnabled = false,
 }: Readonly<Props>) {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
+    const breadcrumbs: BreadcrumbItem[] = [
+        {
+            title: t('settings.two_factor.page.breadcrumb'),
+            href: show.url(),
+        },
+    ];
     const {
         qrCodeSvg,
         hasSetupData,
@@ -41,9 +42,9 @@ export default function TwoFactor({
 
     return (
         <AppLayout breadcrumbs={breadcrumbs}>
-            <Head title="Authentification à deux facteurs" />
+            <Head title={t('settings.two_factor.page.head')} />
 
-            <h1 className="sr-only flex items-center gap-3"><ShieldCheck className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />Authentification à deux facteurs</h1>
+            <h1 className="sr-only flex items-center gap-3"><ShieldCheck className="h-7 w-7 text-blue-600 shrink-0" />{t('settings.two_factor.page.heading')}</h1>
 
             <SettingsLayout bare>
                 <div className="space-y-6">
@@ -54,8 +55,8 @@ export default function TwoFactor({
                                 <ShieldCheck className="h-7 w-7" />
                             </div>
                             <div>
-                                <h2 className="text-xl font-bold text-gray-900">Authentification à deux facteurs</h2>
-                                <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">Renforcez la sécurité de votre compte avec un second facteur.</p>
+                                <h2 className="text-xl font-bold text-gray-900">{t('settings.two_factor.page.heading')}</h2>
+                                <p className="text-sm text-gray-600">{t('settings.two_factor.page.card_desc')}</p>
                             </div>
                         </div>
                         <ShieldCheck className="pointer-events-none absolute -right-4 -bottom-6 h-32 w-32 text-blue-600 opacity-[0.07]" />
@@ -65,11 +66,9 @@ export default function TwoFactor({
                     <div className="rounded-2xl bg-white p-6 shadow-sm ring-1 ring-slate-100">
                     {twoFactorEnabled ? (
                         <div className="flex flex-col items-start justify-start space-y-4">
-                            <Badge variant="default" className="bg-green-100 text-green-800">Activée</Badge>
+                            <Badge variant="default" className="bg-green-100 text-green-800">{t('settings.two_factor.page.enabled_badge')}</Badge>
                             <p className="text-muted-foreground">
-                                Avec l'authentification à deux facteurs activée, vous serez
-                                invité à saisir un code de sécurité lors de la connexion,
-                                que vous pouvez récupérer depuis l'application TOTP sur votre téléphone.
+                                {t('settings.two_factor.page.enabled_desc')}
                             </p>
 
                             <TwoFactorRecoveryCodes
@@ -86,7 +85,7 @@ export default function TwoFactor({
                                             type="submit"
                                             disabled={processing}
                                         >
-                                            <ShieldBan /> Désactiver 2FA
+                                            <ShieldBan /> {t('settings.two_factor.page.disable')}
                                         </Button>
                                     )}
                                 </Form>
@@ -94,11 +93,9 @@ export default function TwoFactor({
                         </div>
                     ) : (
                         <div className="flex flex-col items-start justify-start space-y-4">
-                            <Badge variant="destructive" className="bg-red-100 text-red-800">Désactivée</Badge>
+                            <Badge variant="destructive" className="bg-red-100 text-red-800">{t('settings.two_factor.page.disabled_badge')}</Badge>
                             <p className="text-muted-foreground">
-                                Lorsque vous activez l'authentification à deux facteurs,
-                                vous serez invité à saisir un code de sécurité lors de la connexion.
-                                Ce code peut être récupéré depuis une application TOTP sur votre téléphone.
+                                {t('settings.two_factor.page.disabled_desc')}
                             </p>
 
                             <div>
@@ -108,7 +105,7 @@ export default function TwoFactor({
                                         className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700"
                                     >
                                         <ShieldCheck />
-                                        Continuer la configuration
+                                        {t('settings.two_factor.page.continue_setup')}
                                     </Button>
                                 ) : (
                                     <Form
@@ -124,7 +121,7 @@ export default function TwoFactor({
                                                 className="bg-blue-600 hover:bg-blue-700"
                                             >
                                                 <ShieldCheck />
-                                                Activer 2FA
+                                                {t('settings.two_factor.page.enable')}
                                             </Button>
                                         )}
                                     </Form>
diff --git a/resources/js/pages/welcome.tsx b/resources/js/pages/welcome.tsx
index 57a4ec3d..7cd8135e 100644
--- a/resources/js/pages/welcome.tsx
+++ b/resources/js/pages/welcome.tsx
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import {
 import AppLogo from '@/components/app-logo';
 import { dashboard, login, logout } from '@/routes';
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
+import { useTranslation } from '@/helpers/i18n';
 
 interface AuthProps {
     user: { id: string; name?: string } | null;
@@ -14,8 +15,7 @@ interface AuthProps {
 }
 
 interface ModuleCard {
-    title: string;
-    description: string;
+    key: string;
     icon: typeof Users;
     href: string;
     permission: string;
@@ -23,25 +23,26 @@ interface ModuleCard {
 }
 
 const modules: ModuleCard[] = [
-    { title: 'Élèves', description: 'Inscriptions, dossiers et effectifs', icon: Users, href: route('students.index'), permission: 'view_students', color: 'from-blue-500 to-blue-600' },
-    { title: 'Notes & Bulletins', description: 'Saisie des notes et bulletins', icon: NotebookPen, href: route('bulletins.index'), permission: 'view_bulletins', color: 'from-violet-500 to-purple-600' },
-    { title: 'Examens', description: 'Évaluations et examens officiels', icon: GraduationCap, href: route('evaluations.index'), permission: 'view_evaluations', color: 'from-indigo-500 to-blue-600' },
-    { title: 'Présences', description: "Appel et suivi de l'assiduité", icon: UserCheck, href: route('attendances.index'), permission: 'view_attendances', color: 'from-emerald-500 to-teal-600' },
-    { title: 'Comptabilité', description: 'Écolage, paiements et caisses', icon: Wallet, href: route('accounting.index'), permission: 'view_finances', color: 'from-amber-500 to-orange-600' },
-    { title: 'Personnel & Paie', description: 'Employés, cycles de paie et bulletins', icon: Briefcase, href: route('payroll.overview'), permission: 'view_payroll', color: 'from-cyan-500 to-sky-600' },
-    { title: 'Documents & Archives', description: 'Certificats et archivage', icon: Archive, href: route('archives.index'), permission: 'view_archives', color: 'from-rose-500 to-pink-600' },
-    { title: 'Statistiques', description: 'Indicateurs et pilotage', icon: BarChart3, href: route('statistics.index'), permission: 'view_statistics', color: 'from-cyan-500 to-blue-600' },
-    { title: 'Calendrier', description: "Événements de l'année scolaire", icon: Calendar, href: route('calendar.index'), permission: 'view_calendar', color: 'from-fuchsia-500 to-purple-600' },
-    { title: 'Emploi du temps', description: 'Grille hebdomadaire par classe', icon: CalendarRange, href: route('timetable.index'), permission: 'view_timetable', color: 'from-sky-500 to-cyan-600' },
-    { title: 'Bourses', description: "Bourses et aides d'étudiants", icon: Percent, href: route('student-scholarships.index'), permission: 'view_student_scholarships', color: 'from-lime-500 to-emerald-600' },
-    { title: 'Réclamations de notes', description: 'Demandes et révisions de notes', icon: AlertCircle, href: route('note-reclamations.index'), permission: 'view_note_reclamations', color: 'from-orange-500 to-red-500' },
-    { title: "Permissions d'absence", description: 'Demandes et justificatifs', icon: ShieldCheck, href: route('absence-permissions.index'), permission: 'view_absence_permissions', color: 'from-teal-500 to-emerald-600' },
-    { title: 'Accès portail', description: 'Comptes parents et élèves', icon: Lock, href: route('guardians.index'), permission: 'view_portal_accounts', color: 'from-slate-500 to-slate-700' },
-    { title: 'Utilisateurs', description: 'Comptes et rôles du personnel', icon: Shield, href: route('users.index'), permission: 'view_users', color: 'from-indigo-500 to-violet-600' },
-    { title: "Journal d'audit", description: 'Traçabilité des actions', icon: ScanLine, href: route('audit-logs.index'), permission: 'view_audit_logs', color: 'from-gray-500 to-gray-700' },
+    { key: 'students', icon: Users, href: route('students.index'), permission: 'view_students', color: 'from-blue-500 to-blue-600' },
+    { key: 'bulletins', icon: NotebookPen, href: route('bulletins.index'), permission: 'view_bulletins', color: 'from-violet-500 to-purple-600' },
+    { key: 'exams', icon: GraduationCap, href: route('evaluations.index'), permission: 'view_evaluations', color: 'from-indigo-500 to-blue-600' },
+    { key: 'attendances', icon: UserCheck, href: route('attendances.index'), permission: 'view_attendances', color: 'from-emerald-500 to-teal-600' },
+    { key: 'accounting', icon: Wallet, href: route('accounting.index'), permission: 'view_finances', color: 'from-amber-500 to-orange-600' },
+    { key: 'payroll', icon: Briefcase, href: route('payroll.overview'), permission: 'view_payroll', color: 'from-cyan-500 to-sky-600' },
+    { key: 'archives', icon: Archive, href: route('archives.index'), permission: 'view_archives', color: 'from-rose-500 to-pink-600' },
+    { key: 'statistics', icon: BarChart3, href: route('statistics.index'), permission: 'view_statistics', color: 'from-cyan-500 to-blue-600' },
+    { key: 'calendar', icon: Calendar, href: route('calendar.index'), permission: 'view_calendar', color: 'from-fuchsia-500 to-purple-600' },
+    { key: 'timetable', icon: CalendarRange, href: route('timetable.index'), permission: 'view_timetable', color: 'from-sky-500 to-cyan-600' },
+    { key: 'scholarships', icon: Percent, href: route('student-scholarships.index'), permission: 'view_student_scholarships', color: 'from-lime-500 to-emerald-600' },
+    { key: 'note_reclamations', icon: AlertCircle, href: route('note-reclamations.index'), permission: 'view_note_reclamations', color: 'from-orange-500 to-red-500' },
+    { key: 'absence_permissions', icon: ShieldCheck, href: route('absence-permissions.index'), permission: 'view_absence_permissions', color: 'from-teal-500 to-emerald-600' },
+    { key: 'portal', icon: Lock, href: route('guardians.index'), permission: 'view_portal_accounts', color: 'from-slate-500 to-slate-700' },
+    { key: 'users', icon: Shield, href: route('users.index'), permission: 'view_users', color: 'from-indigo-500 to-violet-600' },
+    { key: 'audit', icon: ScanLine, href: route('audit-logs.index'), permission: 'view_audit_logs', color: 'from-gray-500 to-gray-700' },
 ];
 
 export default function Welcome() {
+    const { t } = useTranslation();
     const auth = (usePage().props as { auth?: AuthProps }).auth;
     const isAuthed = Boolean(auth?.user);
     const permissions = auth?.permissions ?? [];
@@ -52,7 +53,7 @@ export default function Welcome() {
 
     return (
         <>
-            <Head title="Dalibi — Gestion scolaire" />
+            <Head title={t('welcome.head')} />
 
             <div className="min-h-screen bg-gray-50 text-gray-900 dark:bg-[#0a0a0a] dark:text-gray-100">
                 {/* Barre supérieure */}
@@ -65,13 +66,13 @@ export default function Welcome() {
                         {isAuthed ? (
                             <div className="flex items-center gap-2">
                                 <Link href={dashboard()} className="inline-flex items-center gap-2 rounded-lg bg-blue-600 px-4 py-2 text-sm font-medium text-white transition hover:bg-blue-700">
-                                    <LayoutGrid className="h-4 w-4" /> Tableau de bord
+                                    <LayoutGrid className="h-4 w-4" /> {t('welcome.dashboard')}
                                 </Link>
                                 <button
                                     type="button"
                                     onClick={() => router.post(logout.url())}
-                                    title="Se déconnecter"
-                                    aria-label="Se déconnecter"
+                                    title={t('welcome.logout')}
+                                    aria-label={t('welcome.logout')}
                                     className="inline-flex h-10 w-10 items-center justify-center rounded-lg border border-gray-200 text-gray-500 transition hover:bg-red-50 hover:text-red-600 dark:border-gray-700 dark:hover:bg-red-950/40"
                                 >
                                     <LogOut className="h-[18px] w-[18px]" />
@@ -79,7 +80,7 @@ export default function Welcome() {
                             </div>
                         ) : (
                             <Link href={login()} className="inline-flex items-center gap-2 rounded-lg bg-blue-600 px-4 py-2 text-sm font-medium text-white transition hover:bg-blue-700">
-                                <LogIn className="h-4 w-4" /> Se connecter
+                                <LogIn className="h-4 w-4" /> {t('welcome.login')}
                             </Link>
                         )}
                     </div>
@@ -90,38 +91,38 @@ export default function Welcome() {
                     <div className="mb-12 text-center">
                         <h1 className="text-3xl font-bold tracking-tight sm:text-4xl md:text-5xl">
                             {isAuthed ? (
-                                <>Bonjour{auth?.user?.name ? `, ${auth.user.name}` : ''} 👋</>
+                                <>{t('welcome.hello')}{auth?.user?.name ? `, ${auth.user.name}` : ''} 👋</>
                             ) : (
-                                <>Bienvenue sur <span className="text-blue-600">Dalibi</span></>
+                                <>{t('welcome.welcome_to')} <span className="text-blue-600">Dalibi</span></>
                             )}
                         </h1>
                         <p className="mx-auto mt-3 max-w-2xl text-base text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400 md:text-lg">
                             {isAuthed
-                                ? 'Choisissez un module pour commencer.'
-                                : 'Connectez-vous pour accéder aux modules de votre établissement.'}
+                                ? t('welcome.subtitle_authed')
+                                : t('welcome.subtitle_guest')}
                         </p>
                     </div>
 
                     {/* Cartes des modules */}
                     {visibleModules.length === 0 ? (
                         <div className="rounded-2xl border border-gray-200 bg-white p-12 text-center text-gray-400 dark:border-gray-800 dark:bg-[#161615]">
-                            Aucun module accessible avec votre profil.
+                            {t('welcome.no_modules')}
                         </div>
                     ) : (
                         <div className="grid grid-cols-1 gap-5 sm:grid-cols-2 lg:grid-cols-4">
                             {visibleModules.map((m) => (
                                 <Link
-                                    key={m.title}
+                                    key={m.key}
                                     href={m.href}
                                     className="group relative overflow-hidden rounded-2xl border border-gray-100 bg-white p-6 shadow-sm transition hover:-translate-y-1 hover:border-blue-200 hover:shadow-lg dark:border-gray-800 dark:bg-[#161615] dark:hover:border-blue-900"
                                 >
                                     <div className={`mb-4 inline-flex h-12 w-12 items-center justify-center rounded-xl bg-linear-to-br ${m.color} text-white shadow-md`}>
                                         <m.icon className="h-6 w-6" />
                                     </div>
-                                    <h3 className="text-lg font-bold">{m.title}</h3>
-                                    <p className="mt-1 text-sm text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">{m.description}</p>
+                                    <h3 className="text-lg font-bold">{t(`welcome.modules.${m.key}.title`)}</h3>
+                                    <p className="mt-1 text-sm text-gray-500 dark:text-gray-400">{t(`welcome.modules.${m.key}.desc`)}</p>
                                     <span className="mt-4 inline-flex items-center gap-1 text-sm font-medium text-blue-600 transition group-hover:gap-2 dark:text-blue-400">
-                                        {isAuthed ? 'Ouvrir' : 'Se connecter'} <ArrowRight className="h-4 w-4" />
+                                        {isAuthed ? t('welcome.open') : t('welcome.login')} <ArrowRight className="h-4 w-4" />
                                     </span>
                                 </Link>
                             ))}
@@ -130,7 +131,7 @@ export default function Welcome() {
                 </main>
 
                 <footer className="border-t border-gray-200/70 py-8 text-center text-sm text-gray-400 dark:border-gray-800">
-                    &copy; {new Date().getFullYear()} Dalibi — Logiciel de gestion scolaire open source pour l&apos;Afrique.
+                    &copy; {new Date().getFullYear()} {t('welcome.footer')}
                 </footer>
             </div>
         </>
diff --git a/resources/js/types/menu.ts b/resources/js/types/menu.ts
index 62622903..4b485058 100644
--- a/resources/js/types/menu.ts
+++ b/resources/js/types/menu.ts
@@ -2,143 +2,145 @@ import { BookOpen, Calendar, Clock, ClipboardList, GraduationCap, LayoutGrid, La
 import { route } from '@/helpers/route';
 import type { NavItem } from '@/types';
 
+// NB : `title` porte une CLÉ de traduction (ex. 'menu.dashboard'), résolue à
+// l'affichage via useTranslation() dans nav-main / app-sidebar-header.
 export const mainNavItems: NavItem[] = [
     {
-        title: 'Tableau de bord',
+        title: 'menu.dashboard',
         href: '/dashboard',
         icon: LayoutGrid,
     },
     {
-        title: 'Calendrier',
+        title: 'menu.calendar',
         href: route('calendar.index'),
         icon: Calendar,
         permission: 'view_calendar',
     },
     {
-        title: 'Élèves',
+        title: 'menu.students',
         href: '#',
         icon: Users,
         items: [
-            { title: 'Élèves', href: route('students.index'), icon: Users, permission: 'view_students' },
-            { title: 'Inscriptions & Paiements', href: route('enrollments.index'), icon: ClipboardList, permission: 'view_enrollments' },
-            { title: 'Effectifs / Listes', href: route('roster.index'), icon: ListChecks, permission: 'view_roster' },
-            { title: 'Passage de classe', href: route('promotion.index'), icon: ArrowLeftRight, permission: 'execute_promotion' },
-            { title: 'Statistiques élèves', href: route('students.stats'), icon: BarChart3, permission: 'view_students' },
-            { title: 'Bourses d\'étudiants', href: route('student-scholarships.index'), icon: Percent, permission: 'view_student_scholarships' },
-            { title: 'Emploi du temps', href: route('timetable.index'), icon: CalendarRange, permission: 'view_timetable' },
+            { title: 'menu.students_list', href: route('students.index'), icon: Users, permission: 'view_students' },
+            { title: 'menu.enrollments', href: route('enrollments.index'), icon: ClipboardList, permission: 'view_enrollments' },
+            { title: 'menu.roster', href: route('roster.index'), icon: ListChecks, permission: 'view_roster' },
+            { title: 'menu.promotion', href: route('promotion.index'), icon: ArrowLeftRight, permission: 'execute_promotion' },
+            { title: 'menu.student_stats', href: route('students.stats'), icon: BarChart3, permission: 'view_students' },
+            { title: 'menu.student_scholarships', href: route('student-scholarships.index'), icon: Percent, permission: 'view_student_scholarships' },
+            { title: 'menu.timetable', href: route('timetable.index'), icon: CalendarRange, permission: 'view_timetable' },
         ],
     },
     {
-        title: 'Présences',
+        title: 'menu.attendance',
         href: '#',
         icon: UserCheck,
         items: [
-            { title: 'Saisie de l\'appel', href: route('attendances.index'), icon: ClipboardList, permission: 'view_attendances' },
-            { title: 'Statistiques', href: route('attendances.stats'), icon: BarChart3, permission: 'view_attendances' },
-            { title: 'Demandes de permission', href: route('absence-permissions.index'), icon: ShieldCheck, permission: 'view_absence_permissions' },
+            { title: 'menu.attendance_entry', href: route('attendances.index'), icon: ClipboardList, permission: 'view_attendances' },
+            { title: 'menu.attendance_stats', href: route('attendances.stats'), icon: BarChart3, permission: 'view_attendances' },
+            { title: 'menu.absence_permissions', href: route('absence-permissions.index'), icon: ShieldCheck, permission: 'view_absence_permissions' },
         ],
     },
     {
-        title: 'Examens',
+        title: 'menu.exams',
         href: '#',
         icon: FileText,
         items: [
-            { title: 'Modèles d\'évaluation', href: route('evaluation-templates.index'), icon: ListChecks, permission: 'view_evaluation_templates' },
-            { title: 'Évaluations par classe', href: route('evaluations.index'), icon: ClipboardList, permission: 'view_evaluations' },
-            { title: 'Planning des examens', href: route('evaluations.planning'), icon: CalendarRange, permission: 'view_evaluations' },
-            { title: 'Examens officiels', href: route('official-exams.index'), icon: GraduationCap, permission: 'view_official_exams' },
+            { title: 'menu.evaluation_templates', href: route('evaluation-templates.index'), icon: ListChecks, permission: 'view_evaluation_templates' },
+            { title: 'menu.evaluations', href: route('evaluations.index'), icon: ClipboardList, permission: 'view_evaluations' },
+            { title: 'menu.exam_planning', href: route('evaluations.planning'), icon: CalendarRange, permission: 'view_evaluations' },
+            { title: 'menu.official_exams', href: route('official-exams.index'), icon: GraduationCap, permission: 'view_official_exams' },
         ],
     },
     {
-        title: 'Notes',
+        title: 'menu.grades',
         href: '#',
         icon: NotebookPen,
         items: [
-            { title: 'Saisie de notes', href: route('grades.index'), icon: ClipboardList, permission: 'view_grades' },
-            { title: 'Bulletins', href: route('bulletins.index'), icon: FileBadge, permission: 'view_bulletins' },
-            { title: 'Modèle de bulletin', href: route('bulletin-templates.edit'), icon: SlidersHorizontal, permission: 'view_bulletin_templates' },
-            { title: 'Réclamations', href: route('note-reclamations.index'), icon: AlertCircle, permission: 'view_note_reclamations' },
+            { title: 'menu.grades_entry', href: route('grades.index'), icon: ClipboardList, permission: 'view_grades' },
+            { title: 'menu.bulletins', href: route('bulletins.index'), icon: FileBadge, permission: 'view_bulletins' },
+            { title: 'menu.bulletin_template', href: route('bulletin-templates.edit'), icon: SlidersHorizontal, permission: 'view_bulletin_templates' },
+            { title: 'menu.note_reclamations', href: route('note-reclamations.index'), icon: AlertCircle, permission: 'view_note_reclamations' },
         ],
     },
     {
-        title: 'Comptabilité',
+        title: 'menu.accounting',
         href: '#',
         icon: TrendingUp,
         items: [
-            { title: 'Vue d\'ensemble', href: route('accounting.index'), icon: TrendingUp, permission: 'view_finances' },
-            { title: 'Journal des transactions', href: route('accounting.transactions'), icon: ArrowLeftRight, permission: 'view_transactions' },
-            { title: 'Nouvelle dépense', href: route('expenses.create'), icon: TrendingDown, permission: 'create_expenses' },
-            { title: 'Situation par classe', href: route('accounting.situation'), icon: PieChart, permission: 'view_finances' },
-            { title: 'Caisses', href: route('cash-accounts.index'), icon: Wallet, permission: 'view_cash_accounts' },
-            { title: 'Vérifier un reçu', href: route('receipts.verify'), icon: ScanLine, permission: 'view_invoices' },
+            { title: 'menu.accounting_overview', href: route('accounting.index'), icon: TrendingUp, permission: 'view_finances' },
+            { title: 'menu.transactions', href: route('accounting.transactions'), icon: ArrowLeftRight, permission: 'view_transactions' },
+            { title: 'menu.new_expense', href: route('expenses.create'), icon: TrendingDown, permission: 'create_expenses' },
+            { title: 'menu.situation', href: route('accounting.situation'), icon: PieChart, permission: 'view_finances' },
+            { title: 'menu.cash_accounts', href: route('cash-accounts.index'), icon: Wallet, permission: 'view_cash_accounts' },
+            { title: 'menu.verify_receipt', href: route('receipts.verify'), icon: ScanLine, permission: 'view_invoices' },
         ],
     },
     {
-        title: 'Personnel & Paie',
+        title: 'menu.payroll',
         href: '#',
         icon: Briefcase,
         items: [
-            { title: 'Vue d\'ensemble', href: route('payroll.overview'), icon: LayoutGrid, permission: 'view_payroll' },
-            { title: 'Personnel', href: route('personnel.index'), icon: Users, permission: 'view_employees' },
-            { title: 'Cycles de paie', href: route('pay-runs.index'), icon: Receipt, permission: 'view_payroll' },
-            { title: 'Grilles salariales', href: route('salary-grades.index'), icon: Layers, permission: 'view_salary_grades' },
-            { title: 'Rubriques de paie', href: route('salary-components.index'), icon: Coins, permission: 'view_salary_components' },
-            { title: 'Réglages (CNSS, ITS)', href: route('payroll-settings.edit'), icon: SlidersHorizontal, permission: 'edit_salary_grades' },
+            { title: 'menu.payroll_overview', href: route('payroll.overview'), icon: LayoutGrid, permission: 'view_payroll' },
+            { title: 'menu.personnel', href: route('personnel.index'), icon: Users, permission: 'view_employees' },
+            { title: 'menu.pay_runs', href: route('pay-runs.index'), icon: Receipt, permission: 'view_payroll' },
+            { title: 'menu.salary_grades', href: route('salary-grades.index'), icon: Layers, permission: 'view_salary_grades' },
+            { title: 'menu.salary_components', href: route('salary-components.index'), icon: Coins, permission: 'view_salary_components' },
+            { title: 'menu.payroll_settings', href: route('payroll-settings.edit'), icon: SlidersHorizontal, permission: 'edit_salary_grades' },
         ],
     },
     {
-        title: 'Archives',
+        title: 'menu.archives',
         href: '#',
         icon: Archive,
         items: [
-            { title: 'Documents archivés', href: route('archives.index'), icon: FileText, permission: 'view_archives' },
-            { title: 'Tags', href: route('archives.tags.index'), icon: Tag, permission: 'view_archives' },
+            { title: 'menu.archived_documents', href: route('archives.index'), icon: FileText, permission: 'view_archives' },
+            { title: 'menu.tags', href: route('archives.tags.index'), icon: Tag, permission: 'view_archives' },
         ],
     },
     {
-        title: 'Administration',
+        title: 'menu.administration',
         href: '#',
         icon: Shield,
         items: [
-            { title: 'Utilisateurs', href: route('users.index'), icon: Users, permission: 'view_users' },
-            { title: 'Rôles', href: route('roles.index'), icon: Shield, permission: 'manage_roles_permissions' },
-            { title: 'Permissions', href: route('permissions.index'), icon: Lock, permission: 'manage_roles_permissions' },
-            { title: 'Affectations', href: route('subject-assignments.index'), icon: ClipboardList, permission: 'view_subject_assignments' },
-            { title: "Journal d'audit", href: route('audit-logs.index'), icon: ScanLine, permission: 'view_audit_logs' },
-            { title: 'Accès portail', href: route('guardians.index'), icon: UserCheck, permission: 'view_portal_accounts' },
+            { title: 'menu.users', href: route('users.index'), icon: Users, permission: 'view_users' },
+            { title: 'menu.roles', href: route('roles.index'), icon: Shield, permission: 'manage_roles_permissions' },
+            { title: 'menu.permissions', href: route('permissions.index'), icon: Lock, permission: 'manage_roles_permissions' },
+            { title: 'menu.subject_assignments', href: route('subject-assignments.index'), icon: ClipboardList, permission: 'view_subject_assignments' },
+            { title: 'menu.audit_logs', href: route('audit-logs.index'), icon: ScanLine, permission: 'view_audit_logs' },
+            { title: 'menu.portal_access', href: route('guardians.index'), icon: UserCheck, permission: 'view_portal_accounts' },
         ],
     },
     {
-        title: 'Statistiques',
+        title: 'menu.statistics',
         href: route('statistics.index'),
         icon: PieChart,
         permission: 'view_statistics',
     },
     {
-        title: 'Paramètres',
+        title: 'menu.settings',
         href: '#',
         icon: Settings,
         items: [
-            { title: 'École', href: route('schools.index'), icon: BookOpen, permission: 'view_schools' },
-            { title: 'Classes', href: route('classrooms.index'), icon: Layers, permission: 'view_classes' },
-            { title: 'Types de classes', href: route('classroom-types.index'), icon: Tag, permission: 'view_classroom_types' },
-            { title: 'Matières', href: route('subjects.index'), icon: BookOpen, permission: 'view_subjects' },
-            { title: 'Pays', href: route('countries.index'), icon: Globe, permission: 'view_countries' },
-            { title: 'Types d\'évaluation', href: route('evaluation-types.index'), icon: Tag, permission: 'view_evaluation_types' },
-            { title: 'Années académiques', href: route('academic-years.index'), icon: Calendar, permission: 'view_academic_years' },
-            { title: 'Périodes académiques', href: route('academic-periods.index'), icon: Clock, permission: 'view_academic_periods' },
-            { title: 'Catégories de frais', href: route('fee-categories.index'), icon: Percent, permission: 'view_fee_categories' },
-            { title: 'Structures de frais', href: route('fee-structures.index'), icon: DollarSign, permission: 'view_fee_structures' },
-            { title: 'Bourses', href: route('scholarships.index'), icon: Percent, permission: 'view_scholarships' },
-            { title: 'Calcul des moyennes', href: route('grading-configs.index'), icon: SlidersHorizontal, permission: 'view_grading_configs' },
-            { title: 'Fichiers & Stockage', href: route('file-storage.index'), icon: HardDrive, permission: 'manage_file_storage' },
-            { title: 'Modèles de documents', href: route('document-templates.index'), icon: FileBadge, permission: 'view_documents' },
-            { title: 'Sauvegardes', href: route('backups.index'), icon: DatabaseBackup, permission: 'view_backups' },
-            { title: 'À propos', href: route('about.index'), icon: Info },
+            { title: 'menu.school', href: route('schools.index'), icon: BookOpen, permission: 'view_schools' },
+            { title: 'menu.classrooms', href: route('classrooms.index'), icon: Layers, permission: 'view_classes' },
+            { title: 'menu.classroom_types', href: route('classroom-types.index'), icon: Tag, permission: 'view_classroom_types' },
+            { title: 'menu.subjects', href: route('subjects.index'), icon: BookOpen, permission: 'view_subjects' },
+            { title: 'menu.countries', href: route('countries.index'), icon: Globe, permission: 'view_countries' },
+            { title: 'menu.evaluation_types', href: route('evaluation-types.index'), icon: Tag, permission: 'view_evaluation_types' },
+            { title: 'menu.academic_years', href: route('academic-years.index'), icon: Calendar, permission: 'view_academic_years' },
+            { title: 'menu.academic_periods', href: route('academic-periods.index'), icon: Clock, permission: 'view_academic_periods' },
+            { title: 'menu.fee_categories', href: route('fee-categories.index'), icon: Percent, permission: 'view_fee_categories' },
+            { title: 'menu.fee_structures', href: route('fee-structures.index'), icon: DollarSign, permission: 'view_fee_structures' },
+            { title: 'menu.scholarships', href: route('scholarships.index'), icon: Percent, permission: 'view_scholarships' },
+            { title: 'menu.grading_configs', href: route('grading-configs.index'), icon: SlidersHorizontal, permission: 'view_grading_configs' },
+            { title: 'menu.file_storage', href: route('file-storage.index'), icon: HardDrive, permission: 'manage_file_storage' },
+            { title: 'menu.document_templates', href: route('document-templates.index'), icon: FileBadge, permission: 'view_documents' },
+            { title: 'menu.backups', href: route('backups.index'), icon: DatabaseBackup, permission: 'view_backups' },
+            { title: 'menu.about', href: route('about.index'), icon: Info },
         ],
     },
     {
-        title: 'Mon compte',
+        title: 'menu.my_account',
         href: '/settings/profile',
         icon: UserCircle,
         // Les réglages du compte n'ont pas de préfixe commun exclusif : sans ces
diff --git a/routes/settings.php b/routes/settings.php
index d6e03ad9..6f2b7f3b 100644
--- a/routes/settings.php
+++ b/routes/settings.php
@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 <?php
 
+use App\Http\Controllers\Settings\LanguageController;
 use App\Http\Controllers\Settings\PasswordController;
 use App\Http\Controllers\Settings\ProfileController;
 use App\Http\Controllers\Settings\TwoFactorAuthenticationController;
@@ -11,6 +12,9 @@
 
     Route::get('settings/profile', [ProfileController::class, 'edit'])->name('profile.edit');
     Route::patch('settings/profile', [ProfileController::class, 'update'])->name('profile.update');
+
+    // Langue de l'interface (enregistrée sur le profil + en session).
+    Route::patch('settings/language', [LanguageController::class, 'update'])->name('language.update');
 });
 
 Route::middleware(['auth', 'verified'])->group(function () {
diff --git a/tests/Feature/LocaleTest.php b/tests/Feature/LocaleTest.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3aa73381
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/Feature/LocaleTest.php
@@ -0,0 +1,53 @@
+<?php
+
+namespace Tests\Feature;
+
+use App\Models\User;
+use Illuminate\Foundation\Testing\RefreshDatabase;
+use Tests\TestCase;
+
+class LocaleTest extends TestCase
+{
+    use RefreshDatabase;
+
+    private function user(array $overrides = []): User
+    {
+        return User::factory()->create(array_merge([
+            'locale' => null,
+            'must_change_password' => false,
+        ], $overrides));
+    }
+
+    public function test_user_can_change_language(): void
+    {
+        $user = $this->user();
+
+        $this->actingAs($user)
+            ->patch('/settings/language', ['locale' => 'en'])
+            ->assertRedirect();
+
+        $this->assertSame('en', $user->fresh()->locale);
+    }
+
+    public function test_invalid_locale_is_rejected(): void
+    {
+        $user = $this->user(['locale' => 'fr']);
+
+        $this->actingAs($user)
+            ->patch('/settings/language', ['locale' => 'de'])
+            ->assertSessionHasErrors('locale');
+
+        $this->assertSame('fr', $user->fresh()->locale);
+    }
+
+    public function test_locale_and_translations_are_shared(): void
+    {
+        $user = $this->user(['locale' => 'en']);
+
+        $this->actingAs($user)
+            ->get('/settings/profile')
+            ->assertInertia(fn ($page) => $page
+                ->where('locale', 'en')
+                ->where('translations.menu.dashboard', 'Dashboard'));
+    }
+}