Add update() and deleteFrom() for Postgres and ClickHouse

[Makisuo]

The largest Maple blocker from design/gap-review.md: UPDATE (~120 sites) and DELETE (~79). Stacked on #14.

CH.update(Tickets)
	.set(($) => ({ seats: $.seats.add(1) }))
	.where(($) => [$.org.eq(CH.param.string("org")), $.seats.lt(5)])
	.returning("id", "seats")

CH.deleteFrom(Tickets).where(($) => [$.id.eq(CH.param.int("id"))])

What changes

• Builders. update(table) returns CHUpdateStart (set only); after set come where / allRows, returning, and settings. deleteFrom(table) has where / allRows, returning, and settings.
• Shared with inserts. Value encoding, the SET record, RETURNING and settings are shared, now factored into helpers that onConflictDoUpdate also uses. Inserts compile byte-for-byte as before.
• Safety. No where() is a defect unless allRows() is called. A where() whose conditions all came out undefined (every optional filter absent) is a typed failure, not a silent full-table write.
• ClickHouse.
  • update compiles to an ALTER TABLE ... UPDATE mutation, the only form every supported server takes; deleteFrom compiles to a lightweight DELETE.
  • allRows() writes WHERE 1, and settings go last, such as mutations_sync.
  • The docs explain that a mutation is asynchronous without mutations_sync.
  • returning is refused on ClickHouse, and settings on Postgres.
• Tenant scope is derived from the WHERE as for a query. An update that moves rows to another tenant is cross-tenant.
• Running. CompiledQuery.kind gains update and delete, and Database.run sends any write without RETURNING through command.
• Rename. DialectClauses.insertSettings (unreleased) is renamed writeSettings; alterTableUpdate is new.

Not built

UPDATE ... FROM / joins, DELETE USING, and a VALUES source for bulk updates. These are tracked in the gap review.

Testing

• bun run typecheck and bun run test: 521 unit tests and the doc checks pass.
• New src/ch/update.test.ts (SQL on both dialects, allRows, tenant scope, every refusal) and type tests.
• PGlite: update with an expression and an array value, returning, a no-RETURNING update, delete returning, and allRows.
• Live ClickHouse suite (250 tests) on 26.2.19.43 and 26.8.2.7, including a mutation with mutations_sync and a lightweight delete.

🤖 Generated with Claude Code

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