🚂 RailEase — CLI Railway Reservation System

A Role-Based Command Line Java Application for Railway Ticket Booking & Management

Book Tickets • Search Trains by City • PNR Status • Waiting List • Admin Control Panel

📖 Overview

RailEase is a fully functional Command Line Interface (CLI) based Railway Reservation System built using Core Java and MySQL. It simulates a real-world railway booking system where users can search for trains by city name, book tickets, check PNR status, and cancel bookings — all from the terminal.

The system supports two roles:

👨‍💼 Admin — Manage stations, trains, and journey schedules
👤 User — Search trains, book tickets, manage bookings

✨ Features

👨‍💼 Admin Module

Secure Admin Login
Add & View Railway Stations
Add & View Trains with route details
Disable / Deactivate Trains
Schedule Journeys for specific travel dates
View All Journeys with seat availability
View All Bookings system-wide with passenger details

👤 User Module

User Registration with SHA-256 password hashing
Secure Login with masked password input
Search Trains by City Name (no need to remember station codes)
Smart station resolution — multiple stations in one city shown as a list to choose from
Book Tickets for 1–6 passengers in one booking
Automatic CONFIRMED / WAITING LIST status based on seat availability
View My Bookings with train name, date, and status
Check PNR Status with full passenger and seat details
Cancel Ticket — automatically promotes first Waiting List booking to Confirmed

🏗️ System Architecture

┌─────────────────────────────────────┐
│          CLI (Terminal Input)        │
└──────────────┬──────────────────────┘
               │
               ▼
┌─────────────────────────────────────┐
│         Menu Layer                  │
│  MainMenu → AdminMenu / UserMenu    │
└──────────────┬──────────────────────┘
               │
               ▼
┌─────────────────────────────────────┐
│         Service Layer               │
│  BookingService, TrainService, ...  │
└──────────────┬──────────────────────┘
               │
               ▼
┌─────────────────────────────────────┐
│         DAO Layer                   │
│  BookingDAO, PassengerDAO, ...      │
└──────────────┬──────────────────────┘
               │
               ▼
┌─────────────────────────────────────┐
│         MySQL Database              │
│         (via XAMPP / MariaDB)       │
└─────────────────────────────────────┘

🛠️ Tech Stack

Layer	Technology
Language	Java 17+
Database	MySQL / MariaDB (XAMPP)
DB Driver	MySQL Connector/J 9.x (JDBC)
Password Security	SHA-256 Hashing
Interface	Command Line Interface (CLI)
Build	JAR (executable)
Version Control	Git & GitHub

📂 Project Structure

RailEase/
│
├── src/
│   ├── config/
│   │   └── DatabaseConfig.java         # DB credentials
│   │
│   ├── database/
│   │   └── DatabaseConnection.java     # JDBC connection singleton
│   │
│   ├── enums/
│   │   ├── BookingStatus.java          # CONFIRMED, WAITING, CANCELLED
│   │   ├── Gender.java                 # MALE, FEMALE, OTHER
│   │   ├── JourneyStatus.java          # SCHEDULED, COMPLETED, CANCELLED
│   │   ├── PaymentStatus.java          # SUCCESS, FAILED, REFUNDED
│   │   ├── Role.java                   # ADMIN, USER
│   │   └── Status.java                 # ACTIVE, INACTIVE
│   │
│   ├── model/
│   │   ├── User.java
│   │   ├── Train.java
│   │   ├── Station.java
│   │   ├── Journey.java
│   │   ├── Booking.java
│   │   └── Passenger.java
│   │
│   ├── dao/
│   │   ├── UserDAO.java
│   │   ├── StationDAO.java
│   │   ├── TrainDAO.java
│   │   ├── JourneyDAO.java
│   │   ├── BookingDAO.java
│   │   └── PassengerDAO.java
│   │
│   ├── service/
│   │   ├── UserService.java
│   │   ├── StationService.java
│   │   ├── TrainService.java
│   │   ├── JourneyService.java
│   │   └── BookingService.java
│   │
│   ├── menu/
│   │   ├── MainMenu.java               # Entry point menu
│   │   ├── AdminMenu.java              # Admin operations
│   │   └── UserMenu.java              # User operations
│   │
│   ├── util/
│   │   ├── InputValidator.java         # Safe int/double/password input
│   │   ├── DateUtil.java               # Date parsing & reading
│   │   ├── PNRGenerator.java           # Unique PNR generator
│   │   └── PasswordUtil.java           # SHA-256 hashing
│   │
│   └── main/
│       └── Main.java                   # Application entry point
│
├── lib/
│   └── mysql-connector-j-9.7.0.jar    # JDBC driver
│
├── seed_data.sql                       # Initial DB + sample stations & trains
├── seed_cities.sql                     # Additional city data
├── RailEase.jar                        # Compiled runnable JAR
├── manifest.txt                        # JAR manifest
├── .gitignore
└── README.md

🗄️ Database Schema

┌──────────┐     ┌──────────┐     ┌──────────┐
│  users   │     │  trains  │     │ stations │
├──────────┤     ├──────────┤     ├──────────┤
│ user_id  │     │ train_id │     │station_id│
│ full_name│     │train_num │     │ code     │
│ email    │     │ name     │     │ name     │
│ phone    │     │ src_stn  │◄────│ city     │
│ password │     │ dst_stn  │     │ state    │
│ role     │     │ dept_time│     │ status   │
│ status   │     │ arrv_time│     └──────────┘
└──────────┘     │ seats    │
                 │ fare     │
                 └────┬─────┘
                      │
               ┌──────▼──────┐
               │  journeys   │
               ├─────────────┤
               │ journey_id  │
               │ train_id    │
               │ travel_date │
               │ avail_seats │
               │ status      │
               └──────┬──────┘
                      │
               ┌──────▼──────┐     ┌────────────┐
               │  bookings   │     │ passengers │
               ├─────────────┤     ├────────────┤
               │ booking_id  │◄────│passenger_id│
               │ pnr         │     │ booking_id │
               │ user_id     │     │ name       │
               │ journey_id  │     │ age        │
               │ amount_paid │     │ gender     │
               │ status      │     │ coach      │
               │ waiting_no  │     │ seat_no    │
               └─────────────┘     └────────────┘

🚉 Available Train Network

Train No.	Train Name	From	To	Fare
11301	Udyan Express	Mumbai	Pune	₹250
12015	Ajmer Shatabdi Express	New Delhi	Jaipur	₹450
12477	Mumbai Surat Express	Mumbai	Surat	₹300
12478	Surat Mumbai Express	Surat	Mumbai	₹300
12531	Delhi Lucknow Shatabdi	New Delhi	Lucknow	₹550
12532	Lucknow Shatabdi	Lucknow	New Delhi	₹550
12915	Ashram Express	Ahmedabad	New Delhi	₹750
12951	Mumbai Rajdhani Express	New Delhi	Mumbai	₹1500
19115	Ahmedabad Rajkot Express	Ahmedabad	Rajkot	₹200
19116	Rajkot Ahmedabad Express	Rajkot	Ahmedabad	₹200

⚙️ Installation & Setup

Prerequisites

Java 17 or higher installed
XAMPP installed with MySQL/MariaDB running
Git (optional)

1️⃣ Clone the Repository

git clone https://github.com/baraiyash/RailEase.git
cd RailEase

2️⃣ Setup the Database

Open phpMyAdmin → http://localhost/phpmyadmin
Create a new database named railease
Import seed_data.sql → sets up tables, stations, and initial trains
Import seed_cities.sql → adds remaining cities and trains

Or run via terminal (XAMPP must be running):

"C:\xampp\mysql\bin\mysql.exe" -u root -e "source seed_data.sql"
"C:\xampp\mysql\bin\mysql.exe" -u root -e "source seed_cities.sql"

3️⃣ Create Admin User

Run this in phpMyAdmin or MySQL terminal:

INSERT INTO users (full_name, email, phone, password, role, status)
VALUES (
  'Admin',
  'admin@railease.com',
  '9999999999',
  SHA2('admin123', 256),
  'ADMIN',
  'ACTIVE'
);

4️⃣ Configure Database Credentials

Edit src/config/DatabaseConfig.java if your MySQL credentials differ:

public static final String URL      = "jdbc:mysql://localhost:3306/railease";
public static final String USERNAME = "root";
public static final String PASSWORD = "";

5️⃣ Run the Application

Option A — Use the prebuilt JAR (recommended):

java -jar RailEase.jar

Option B — Compile and run from source:

# Compile
javac -cp "lib\mysql-connector-j-9.7.0.jar" -sourcepath src -d out src\main\Main.java src\menu\*.java src\dao\*.java src\service\*.java src\model\*.java src\enums\*.java src\util\*.java src\database\*.java src\config\*.java

# Run
java -cp "out;lib\mysql-connector-j-9.7.0.jar" main.Main

🔐 User Roles & Access

Role	Access
Admin	Add/View Stations, Add/View/Disable Trains, Schedule Journeys, View All Bookings
User	Register/Login, Search Trains by City, Book Tickets (1–6 passengers), View Bookings, Check PNR, Cancel Tickets

Demo Credentials

Role	Email	Password
Admin	`admin@railease.com`	`admin123`
User	Register via app	Your choice

💻 Application Flow

Start App
    │
    ├── Register (New User)
    │       └── Enter Name, Email, Phone, Password
    │
    └── Login
            ├── Admin Login
            │       ├── Add Station
            │       ├── View Stations
            │       ├── Add Train
            │       ├── View Trains
            │       ├── Disable Train
            │       ├── Schedule Journey  ← Assign a travel date to a train
            │       ├── View Journeys
            │       └── View All Bookings
            │
            └── User Login
                    ├── Search Trains     ← Type city names (e.g. "Mumbai", "Jaipur")
                    ├── Book Ticket       ← City → Train list → Date → Passengers → Confirm
                    ├── My Bookings       ← See all your bookings
                    ├── Check PNR         ← Full details with seat numbers
                    └── Cancel Ticket     ← Auto-promotes Waiting List

🎯 Key Highlights

🏙️ City-Based Train Search

Users type the city name instead of remembering station codes. The system automatically maps cities to stations. If a city has multiple stations, a numbered list is shown.

From City : Mumbai
To City   : Jaipur

Source Station : Mumbai Central (BCT), Mumbai
No trains found from Mumbai to Jaipur.

🎟️ Automatic Waiting List

When no seats are available, the booking is automatically placed in the Waiting List with a queue number.

♻️ Auto-Promotion on Cancellation

When a confirmed booking is cancelled, the first Waiting List booking is automatically promoted to Confirmed and seats are assigned.

🔐 Password Security

Passwords are hashed with SHA-256 before storing in the database
Password input is masked in the terminal using System.console().readPassword()

🏷️ Unique PNR Generation

Each booking gets a unique PNR like PNR172089473821234 using timestamp + random suffix.

📚 Core Modules

Authentication & Authorization (Role-Based)
Station Management
Train Management
Journey Scheduling
Ticket Booking (Confirmed / Waiting List)
PNR Tracking
Booking Cancellation with Waiting List Promotion
Passenger Management with Seat Assignment
Admin Dashboard

🚀 Future Enhancements

🔢 OTP-Based Login / Email Verification
🖨️ Print Ticket to .txt File
💳 Payment Gateway Simulation
📊 Admin Reports & Statistics
🔄 Re-order Waiting List on Cancellation
📱 Convert to Spring Boot REST API
🌐 Web Frontend (React) Integration
🔔 Email Notifications on Booking / Cancellation

🧠 Key Learnings

Through this project, I gained hands-on experience in:

Core Java Development & OOP Principles
JDBC & MySQL Database Integration
Layered Architecture Design (Menu → Service → DAO → Model)
SQL Query Design with PreparedStatements (SQL Injection Prevention)
Password Hashing using SHA-256 (MessageDigest)
Waiting List Queue Logic & Auto-Promotion
JAR Packaging & Deployment (Fat/Uber JAR)
Git & GitHub Version Control
DB Schema Design (Normalization, Foreign Keys, Constraints)
CLI Application Design & User Experience

👨‍💻 Author

Yash Barai

GitHub: https://github.com/baraiyash

⭐ Support

If you found this project useful, please give it a ⭐ on GitHub!

📜 License

This project is developed for educational and learning purposes.

Name		Name	Last commit message	Last commit date
client		client
server		server
README.md		README.md
package-lock.json		package-lock.json
package.json		package.json

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