Added auth to backend

.env_template

@@ -1,5 +1,8 @@
 YOUTUBE_API_KEY=
 MONGO_URI=
 MONGO_DB=
+JWT_SECRET_KEY=
 STAGE=
-DAILY_SUN_URL=
+DAILY_SUN_URL=
+GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS=
+FIREBASE_CREDENTIALS_HOST_PATH=./firebase-service-account-key.json

README.md

@@ -25,3 +25,23 @@ To start the project, run the following command in the terminal
 Create a Mongo database named `score_db` and another named `daily_sun_db`. A partnership with the Daily Sun has given us access to their articles which we copy and paginate the results for frontend.
 
 Add /graphql to the url to access the interactive GraphQL platform
+
+## Authentication
+
+The backend verifies Google Firebase ID tokens and then issues its own JWT access
+and refresh tokens. Configure these environment variables before starting the
+server:
+
+`JWT_SECRET_KEY` must be a long, random secret used to sign backend JWTs.
+
+`GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS` must point to the Firebase service-account JSON
+file. For Docker Compose, set `FIREBASE_CREDENTIALS_HOST_PATH` to the host path
+of that file; it is mounted into the container automatically.
+
+Clients should call `signupUser` once with the Firebase `idToken`, or call
+`loginUser` for an existing account. Send the returned access token on protected
+requests using:
+
+`Authorization: Bearer <access_token>`
+
+Use the refresh token with `refreshAccessToken` after the access token expires.

app.py

@@ -1,5 +1,6 @@
 import logging
 import argparse
+import os
 import signal
 import sys
 import time
@@ -23,6 +24,28 @@
 from src.utils.team_loader import TeamLoader
 from src.database import db, client
 
+import firebase_admin
+from firebase_admin import credentials
+
+SERVICE_ACCOUNT_PATH = os.environ.get("GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS")
+
+
+def initialize_firebase():
+    """Initialize Firebase Admin once so Firebase ID tokens can be verified."""
+    if not firebase_admin._apps:
+        if not SERVICE_ACCOUNT_PATH:
+            raise ValueError(
+                "GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS is not set. "
+                "Set it to the Firebase service-account JSON path."
+            )
+        cred = credentials.Certificate(SERVICE_ACCOUNT_PATH)
+        firebase_admin.initialize_app(cred)
+        logging.info("Firebase app initialized.")
+    return firebase_admin.get_app()
+
+
+initialize_firebase()
+
 app = Flask(__name__)
 
 # CORS: allow frontend (different origin) to call this API

docker-compose.yml

@@ -4,10 +4,13 @@ services:
   app:
     image: cornellappdev/score-dev:${IMAGE_TAG}
     env_file: .env
+    environment:
+      GOOGLE_APPLICATION_CREDENTIALS: /app/secrets/firebase.json
     ports:
       - "8000:8000"
     volumes:
       - ./ca-certificate.crt:/etc/ssl/ca-certificate.crt:ro # Mount MongoDB cert inside the container, ro for read only
+      - ${FIREBASE_CREDENTIALS_HOST_PATH:-./firebase-service-account-key.json}:/app/secrets/firebase.json:ro
 
   scraper:
     image: cornellappdev/score-dev:${IMAGE_TAG}

requirements.txt

@@ -11,3 +11,4 @@ Flask-APScheduler
 python-dotenv
 pytz
 gunicorn
+firebase-admin==7.3.0

src/database.py

@@ -102,6 +102,14 @@ def setup_database_indexes():
         # JWT blocklist: fast lookup by jti
         db["token_blocklist"].create_index([("jti", 1)], background=True)
 
+        # One application user may be linked to only one Firebase account.
+        try:
+            db["users"].create_index(
+                [("firebase_uid", 1)], unique=True, sparse=True, background=True
+            )
+        except (DuplicateKeyError, OperationFailure) as e:
+            print(f"Warning: Could not create unique index on users.firebase_uid: {e}")
+
         print("✅ MongoDB indexes created successfully")
     except Exception as e:
         print(f"❌ Failed to create MongoDB indexes: {e}")

src/models/__init__.py

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 from .game import Game
 from .team import Team
 from .youtube_video import YoutubeVideo
-from .article import Article
+from .article import Article
+from .user import User

src/models/user.py

@@ -0,0 +1,48 @@
+from dataclasses import dataclass, field
+from datetime import datetime, timezone
+from typing import Optional
+
+
+def utc_now():
+    now = datetime.now(timezone.utc)
+    return now.replace(microsecond=(now.microsecond // 1000) * 1000)
+
+
+@dataclass
+class User:
+    """Application user linked to an identity managed by Firebase."""
+
+    firebase_uid: Optional[str]
+    email: Optional[str] = None
+    name: Optional[str] = None
+    favorite_game_ids: list = field(default_factory=list)
+    created_at: datetime = field(default_factory=utc_now)
+    updated_at: datetime = field(default_factory=utc_now)
+    id: object = None
+
+    def to_dict(self):
+        document = {
+            "firebase_uid": self.firebase_uid,
+            "email": self.email,
+            "name": self.name,
+            "favorite_game_ids": list(self.favorite_game_ids),
+            "created_at": self.created_at,
+            "updated_at": self.updated_at,
+        }
+        if self.id is not None:
+            document["_id"] = self.id
+        return document
+
+    @classmethod
+    def from_dict(cls, data):
+        if data is None:
+            return None
+        return cls(
+            id=data.get("_id"),
+            firebase_uid=data.get("firebase_uid"),
+            email=data.get("email"),
+            name=data.get("name"),
+            favorite_game_ids=list(data.get("favorite_game_ids") or []),
+            created_at=data.get("created_at") or utc_now(),
+            updated_at=data.get("updated_at") or utc_now(),
+        )

src/mutations/__init__.py

@@ -6,5 +6,4 @@
 from .signup_user import SignupUser
 from .refresh_access_token import RefreshAccessToken
 from .logout_user import LogoutUser
-from .add_favorite_game import AddFavoriteGame
-from .remove_favorite_game import RemoveFavoriteGame
+from .favorite_game_mutations import AddFavoriteGame, RemoveFavoriteGame

src/mutations/favorite_game_mutations.py

@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+from graphql import GraphQLError
+from graphene import Boolean, Mutation, String
+
+from flask_jwt_extended import get_jwt_identity
+from src.services.game_service import GameService
+from src.services.user_service import UserService
+from src.utils.graphql_errors import graphql_jwt_required
+
+
+class AddFavoriteGame(Mutation):
+    class Arguments:
+        game_id = String(required=True, description="ID of the game to add to favorites.")
+
+    success = Boolean()
+
+    @graphql_jwt_required()
+    def mutate(self, info, game_id):
+        user_id = get_jwt_identity()
+        if not UserService.require_user(user_id):
+            raise GraphQLError("User not found.")
+        if not GameService.get_game_by_id(game_id):
+            raise GraphQLError("Game not found.")
+        if not UserService.add_favorite_game(user_id, game_id):
+            raise GraphQLError("User not found.")
+        return AddFavoriteGame(success=True)
+
+
+class RemoveFavoriteGame(Mutation):
+    class Arguments:
+        game_id = String(required=True, description="ID of the game to remove from favorites.")
+
+    success = Boolean()
+
+    @graphql_jwt_required()
+    def mutate(self, info, game_id):
+        user_id = get_jwt_identity()
+        if not UserService.require_user(user_id):
+            raise GraphQLError("User not found.")
+        UserService.remove_favorite_game(user_id, game_id)
+        return RemoveFavoriteGame(success=True)

src/mutations/login_user.py

@@ -1,23 +1,45 @@
 from graphql import GraphQLError
-from graphene import Mutation, String, Field
+from graphene import Field, Mutation, String
 
+from firebase_admin import auth as firebase_auth
 from flask_jwt_extended import create_access_token, create_refresh_token
-from src.database import db
+from src.services.user_service import UserService
+from src.types import UserType
+
+_TOKEN_ERRORS = (
+    firebase_auth.InvalidIdTokenError,
+    firebase_auth.ExpiredIdTokenError,
+    firebase_auth.RevokedIdTokenError,
+)
 
 
 class LoginUser(Mutation):
     class Arguments:
-        net_id = String(required=True, description="User's net ID (e.g. Cornell netid).")
+        id_token = String(required=True, description="Google Firebase ID token from the client.")
 
     access_token = String()
     refresh_token = String()
+    user = Field(UserType, required=True)
+
+    def mutate(self, info, id_token):
+        try:
+            decoded = firebase_auth.verify_id_token(id_token)
+        except _TOKEN_ERRORS as err:
+            raise GraphQLError("Invalid or expired token.") from err
+        except ValueError as err:
+            raise GraphQLError("Invalid or expired token.") from err
+
+        firebase_uid = decoded.get("uid")
+        provider = decoded.get("firebase", {}).get("sign_in_provider")
+        if not firebase_uid or provider != "google.com":
+            raise GraphQLError("Google authentication required.")
 
-    def mutate(self, info, net_id):
-        user = db["users"].find_one({"net_id": net_id})
+        user = UserService.get_user_by_firebase_uid(firebase_uid)
         if not user:
             raise GraphQLError("User not found.")
-        identity = str(user["_id"])
+        identity = str(user.id)
         return LoginUser(
             access_token=create_access_token(identity=identity),
             refresh_token=create_refresh_token(identity=identity),
+            user=user,
         )

src/mutations/signup_user.py

@@ -1,33 +1,52 @@
 from graphql import GraphQLError
-from graphene import Mutation, String
+from graphene import Field, Mutation, String
 
+from firebase_admin import auth as firebase_auth
 from flask_jwt_extended import create_access_token, create_refresh_token
-from src.database import db
+from pymongo.errors import DuplicateKeyError
+from src.services.user_service import UserService
+from src.types import UserType
+
+_TOKEN_ERRORS = (
+    firebase_auth.InvalidIdTokenError,
+    firebase_auth.ExpiredIdTokenError,
+    firebase_auth.RevokedIdTokenError,
+)
 
 
 class SignupUser(Mutation):
     class Arguments:
-        net_id = String(required=True, description="User's net ID (e.g. Cornell netid).")
-        name = String(required=False, description="Display name.")
-        email = String(required=False, description="Email address.")
+        id_token = String(required=True, description="Google Firebase ID token from the client.")
 
     access_token = String()
     refresh_token = String()
+    user = Field(UserType, required=True)
+
+    def mutate(self, info, id_token):
+        try:
+            decoded = firebase_auth.verify_id_token(id_token)
+        except _TOKEN_ERRORS as err:
+            raise GraphQLError("Invalid or expired token.") from err
+        except ValueError as err:
+            raise GraphQLError("Invalid or expired token.") from err
+
+        firebase_uid = decoded.get("uid")
+        provider = decoded.get("firebase", {}).get("sign_in_provider")
+        if not firebase_uid or provider != "google.com":
+            raise GraphQLError("Google authentication required.")
+
+        try:
+            user = UserService.create_user(
+                firebase_uid,
+                decoded.get("email"),
+                decoded.get("name"),
+            )
+        except DuplicateKeyError as err:
+            raise GraphQLError("User already exists.") from err
 
-    def mutate(self, info, net_id, name=None, email=None):
-        if db["users"].find_one({"net_id": net_id}):
-            raise GraphQLError("Net ID already exists.")
-        user_doc = {
-            "net_id": net_id,
-            "favorite_game_ids": [],
-        }
-        if name is not None:
-            user_doc["name"] = name
-        if email is not None:
-            user_doc["email"] = email
-        result = db["users"].insert_one(user_doc)
-        identity = str(result.inserted_id)
+        identity = str(user.id)
         return SignupUser(
             access_token=create_access_token(identity=identity),
             refresh_token=create_refresh_token(identity=identity),
+            user=user,
         )

src/queries/__init__.py

@@ -1,4 +1,5 @@
 from .game_query import GameQuery
 from .team_query import TeamQuery
 from .youtube_video_query import YoutubeVideoQuery
-from .article_query import ArticleQuery
+from .article_query import ArticleQuery
+from .user_query import UserQuery